xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 51a9219f5780e61e1437d25220bf8750d9df7f8b)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
19  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
20  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
37  * $FreeBSD$
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
41 #define	_STDIO_H_
42 
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 #include <sys/_types.h>
45 
46 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
47 
48 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
49 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
50 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
51 #endif
52 
53 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
54 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
55 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
56 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
57 #endif
58 #endif
59 
60 #ifndef NULL
61 #define	NULL	0
62 #endif
63 
64 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
65 
66 /*
67  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
68  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
69  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
70  */
71 
72 /* stdio buffers */
73 struct __sbuf {
74 	unsigned char *_base;
75 	int	_size;
76 };
77 
78 /* hold a buncha junk that would grow the ABI */
79 struct __sFILEX;
80 
81 /*
82  * stdio state variables.
83  *
84  * The following always hold:
85  *
86  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
87  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
88  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
89  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
90  *
91  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
92  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
93  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
94  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
95  *
96  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
97  * code as compact as possible.
98  *
99  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
100  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
101  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
102  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
103  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
104  *
105  * NB: see WARNING above before changing the layout of this structure!
106  */
107 typedef	struct __sFILE {
108 	unsigned char *_p;	/* current position in (some) buffer */
109 	int	_r;		/* read space left for getc() */
110 	int	_w;		/* write space left for putc() */
111 	short	_flags;		/* flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
112 	short	_file;		/* fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
113 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
114 	int	_lbfsize;	/* 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
115 
116 	/* operations */
117 	void	*_cookie;	/* cookie passed to io functions */
118 	int	(*_close)(void *);
119 	int	(*_read)(void *, char *, int);
120 	fpos_t	(*_seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
121 	int	(*_write)(void *, const char *, int);
122 
123 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
124 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
125 	struct __sFILEX *_extra; /* additions to FILE to not break ABI */
126 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
127 
128 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
129 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
130 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
131 
132 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
133 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
134 
135 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
136 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
137 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset (see WARNING) */
138 } FILE;
139 
140 __BEGIN_DECLS
141 extern FILE *__stdinp;
142 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
143 extern FILE *__stderrp;
144 __END_DECLS
145 
146 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
147 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
148 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
149 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
150 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
151 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
152 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
153 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
154 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
155 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
156 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
157 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
158 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
159 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
160 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
161 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
162 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
163 
164 /*
165  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
166  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
167  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
168  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
169  *
170  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
171  * does not rely on this.
172  */
173 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
174 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
175 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
176 
177 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
178 #define	EOF	(-1)
179 
180 /*
181  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
182  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
183  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
184  */
185 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
186 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
187 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
188 
189 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
190 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
191 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
192 #endif
193 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
194 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
195 
196 #ifndef SEEK_SET
197 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
198 #endif
199 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
200 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
201 #endif
202 #ifndef SEEK_END
203 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
204 #endif
205 
206 #define	stdin	__stdinp
207 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
208 #define	stderr	__stderrp
209 
210 __BEGIN_DECLS
211 /*
212  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
213  */
214 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
215 int	 fclose(FILE *);
216 int	 feof(FILE *);
217 int	 ferror(FILE *);
218 int	 fflush(FILE *);
219 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
220 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
221 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
222 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
223 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
224 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
225 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
226 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
227 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
228 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
229 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
230 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
231 long	 ftell(FILE *);
232 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
233 int	 getc(FILE *);
234 int	 getchar(void);
235 char	*gets(char *);
236 void	 perror(const char *);
237 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
238 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
239 int	 putchar(int);
240 int	 puts(const char *);
241 int	 remove(const char *);
242 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
243 void	 rewind(FILE *);
244 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
245 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
246 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
247 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
248 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
249 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
250 char	*tmpnam(char *);
251 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
252 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
253 	    __va_list);
254 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
255 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
256 	    __va_list);
257 
258 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
259 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
260 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
261 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
262 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
263 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
264 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
265 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
266 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
267 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
268 #endif
269 
270 /*
271  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
272  */
273 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506
274 /* size for cuserid(3); UT_NAMESIZE + 1, see <utmp.h> */
275 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* legacy */
276 #endif
277 
278 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
279 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
280 
281 char	*ctermid(char *);
282 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
283 int	 fileno(FILE *);
284 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
285 
286 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
287 int	 pclose(FILE *);
288 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
289 #endif
290 
291 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
292 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
293 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
294 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
295 
296 /*
297  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
298  * requires functions as well.
299  */
300 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
301 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
302 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
303 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
304 #endif
305 
306 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112
307 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
308 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
309 #endif
310 
311 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
312 int	 getw(FILE *);
313 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
314 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
315 
316 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
317 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
318 #endif
319 
320 /*
321  * Routines that are purely local.
322  */
323 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
324 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
325 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
326 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
327 #if __GNUC__ == 2 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 7 || __GNUC__ >= 3
328 #define	__ATTR_FORMAT_ARG	__attribute__((__format_arg__(2)))
329 #else
330 #define	__ATTR_FORMAT_ARG
331 #endif
332 __const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __ATTR_FORMAT_ARG;
333 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
334 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
335 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
336 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
337 	    __printflike(2, 0);
338 
339 /*
340  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
341  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
342  * instead.
343  */
344 extern __const int sys_nerr;
345 extern __const char *__const sys_errlist[];
346 
347 /*
348  * Stdio function-access interface.
349  */
350 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
351 	    int (*)(void *, char *, int),
352 	    int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
353 	    fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
354 	    int (*)(void *));
355 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
356 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
357 
358 /*
359  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
360  */
361 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
362 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
363 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
364 #endif
365 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
366 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
367 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
368 #endif
369 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
370 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
371 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
372 #endif
373 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
374 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
375 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
376 #endif
377 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
378 
379 /*
380  * Functions internal to the implementation.
381  */
382 int	__srget(FILE *);
383 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
384 
385 /*
386  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
387  * define function versions in the C library.
388  */
389 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
390 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
391 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
392 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
393 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
394 	else
395 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
396 }
397 #else
398 /*
399  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
400  */
401 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
402 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
403 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
404 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
405 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
406 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
407 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
408 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
409 #endif
410 
411 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
412 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
413 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
414 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
415 
416 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
417 /*
418  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
419  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
420  */
421 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
422 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
423 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
424 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
425 #endif
426 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
427 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
428 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
429 
430 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
431 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
432 #endif
433 
434 __END_DECLS
435 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
436