xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 41059135ce931c0f1014a999ffabc6bc470ce856)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
33  * $FreeBSD$
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
37 #define	_STDIO_H_
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #include <sys/_null.h>
41 #include <sys/_types.h>
42 
43 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_PUSH
44 
45 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
46 
47 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
48 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
49 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
50 #endif
51 
52 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
53 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
54 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
55 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
56 #endif
57 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
58 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
59 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
60 #endif
61 #endif
62 
63 #ifndef _OFF64_T_DECLARED
64 #define	_OFF64_T_DECLARED
65 typedef	__off64_t	off64_t;
66 #endif
67 
68 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
69 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
70 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
71 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
72 #endif
73 #endif
74 
75 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
76 
77 /*
78  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
79  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
80  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
81  */
82 
83 /* stdio buffers */
84 struct __sbuf {
85 	unsigned char *_base;
86 	int	_size;
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * stdio state variables.
91  *
92  * The following always hold:
93  *
94  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
95  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
96  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
97  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
98  *
99  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
100  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
101  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
102  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
103  *
104  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
105  * code as compact as possible.
106  *
107  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
108  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
109  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
110  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
111  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
112  *
113  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
114  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
115  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
116  */
117 struct __sFILE {
118 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
119 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
120 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
121 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
122 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
123 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
124 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
125 
126 	/* operations */
127 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
128 	int	(* _Nullable _close)(void *);
129 	int	(* _Nullable _read)(void *, char *, int);
130 	fpos_t	(* _Nullable _seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
131 	int	(* _Nullable _write)(void *, const char *, int);
132 
133 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
134 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
135 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
136 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
137 
138 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
139 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
140 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
141 
142 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
143 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
144 
145 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
146 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
147 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
148 
149 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
150 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
151 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
152 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
153 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
154 	int	_flags2;	/* additional flags */
155 };
156 #ifndef _STDFILE_DECLARED
157 #define _STDFILE_DECLARED
158 typedef struct __sFILE FILE;
159 #endif
160 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
161 __BEGIN_DECLS
162 extern FILE *__stdinp;
163 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
164 extern FILE *__stderrp;
165 __END_DECLS
166 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
167 #endif
168 
169 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
170 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
171 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
172 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
173 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
174 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
175 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
176 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
177 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _bf._base is from malloc */
178 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
179 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
180 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
181 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
182 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
183 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
184 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
185 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
186 
187 #define	__S2OAP	0x0001		/* O_APPEND mode is set */
188 
189 /*
190  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
191  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
192  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
193  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
194  *
195  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
196  * does not rely on this.
197  */
198 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
199 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
200 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
201 
202 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
203 #define	EOF	(-1)
204 
205 /*
206  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
207  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
208  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
209  */
210 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
211 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
212 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
213 #endif
214 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
215 
216 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
217 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
218 #define	P_tmpdir	"/tmp/"
219 #endif
220 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
221 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
222 
223 #ifndef SEEK_SET
224 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
225 #endif
226 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
227 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
228 #endif
229 #ifndef SEEK_END
230 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
231 #endif
232 
233 #define	stdin	__stdinp
234 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
235 #define	stderr	__stderrp
236 
237 __BEGIN_DECLS
238 #ifdef _XLOCALE_H_
239 #include <xlocale/_stdio.h>
240 #endif
241 /*
242  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
243  */
244 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
245 int	 fclose(FILE *);
246 int	 feof(FILE *);
247 int	 ferror(FILE *);
248 int	 fflush(FILE *);
249 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
250 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
251 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
252 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
253 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
254 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
255 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
256 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
257 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
258 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
259 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
260 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
261 long	 ftell(FILE *);
262 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
263 int	 getc(FILE *);
264 int	 getchar(void);
265 char	*gets(char *);
266 void	 perror(const char *);
267 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
268 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
269 int	 putchar(int);
270 int	 puts(const char *);
271 int	 remove(const char *);
272 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
273 void	 rewind(FILE *);
274 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
275 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
276 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
277 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
278 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
279 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
280 char	*tmpnam(char *);
281 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
282 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
283 	    __va_list);
284 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
285 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
286 	    __va_list);
287 
288 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
289 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
290 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
291 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
292 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
293 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
294 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
295 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
296 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
297 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
298 #endif
299 
300 /*
301  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
302  */
303 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || (__POSIX_VISIBLE && __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506)
304 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* size for cuserid(3); MAXLOGNAME, legacy */
305 #endif
306 
307 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
308 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
309 
310 char	*ctermid(char *);
311 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
312 int	 fileno(FILE *);
313 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
314 
315 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
316 int	 pclose(FILE *);
317 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
318 #endif
319 
320 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
321 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
322 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
323 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
324 
325 /*
326  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
327  * requires functions as well.
328  */
329 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
330 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
331 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
332 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
333 #endif
334 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
335 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
336 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
337 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
338 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
339 #endif
340 
341 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE >= 500
342 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
343 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
344 #endif
345 
346 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
347 int	 getw(FILE *);
348 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
349 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
350 
351 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
352 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
353 #endif
354 
355 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
356 FILE	*fmemopen(void * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict);
357 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
358 	    FILE * __restrict);
359 FILE	*open_memstream(char **, size_t *);
360 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
361 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list) __printflike(2, 0);
362 /* _WITH_GETLINE to allow pre 11 sources to build on 11+ systems */
363 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
364 int	 dprintf(int, const char * __restrict, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
365 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
366 
367 /*
368  * Routines that are purely local.
369  */
370 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
371 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
372 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
373 void	 fcloseall(void);
374 int	 fdclose(FILE *, int *);
375 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
376 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
377 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
378 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
379 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
380 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
381 	    __printflike(2, 0);
382 
383 /*
384  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
385  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
386  * instead.
387  */
388 extern const int sys_nerr;
389 extern const char * const sys_errlist[];
390 
391 /*
392  * Stdio function-access interface.
393  */
394 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
395 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, char *, int),
396 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *, const char *, int),
397 	    fpos_t (* _Nullable)(void *, fpos_t, int),
398 	    int (* _Nullable)(void *));
399 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
400 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
401 
402 typedef __ssize_t cookie_read_function_t(void *, char *, size_t);
403 typedef __ssize_t cookie_write_function_t(void *, const char *, size_t);
404 typedef int cookie_seek_function_t(void *, off64_t *, int);
405 typedef int cookie_close_function_t(void *);
406 typedef struct {
407 	cookie_read_function_t	*read;
408 	cookie_write_function_t	*write;
409 	cookie_seek_function_t	*seek;
410 	cookie_close_function_t	*close;
411 } cookie_io_functions_t;
412 FILE	*fopencookie(void *, const char *, cookie_io_functions_t);
413 
414 /*
415  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
416  */
417 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
418 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
419 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
420 #endif
421 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
422 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
423 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
424 #endif
425 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
426 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
427 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
428 #endif
429 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
430 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
431 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
432 #endif
433 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
434 
435 /*
436  * Functions internal to the implementation.
437  */
438 int	__srget(FILE *);
439 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
440 
441 /*
442  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
443  * define function versions in the C library.
444  */
445 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
446 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
447 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
448 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
449 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
450 	else
451 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
452 }
453 #else
454 /*
455  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
456  */
457 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
458 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
459 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
460 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
461 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
462 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
463 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
464 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
465 #endif
466 
467 #ifndef __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
468 #define __LIBC_ISTHREADED_DECLARED
469 extern int __isthreaded;
470 #endif
471 
472 #ifndef __cplusplus
473 
474 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
475 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
476 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
477 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
478 
479 
480 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
481 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
482 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
483 
484 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
485 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
486 #endif
487 
488 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
489 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
490 
491 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
492 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
493 
494 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
495 /*
496  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
497  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
498  */
499 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
500 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
501 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
502 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
503 #endif
504 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
505 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
506 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
507 
508 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
509 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
510 #endif
511 #endif /* __cplusplus */
512 
513 __END_DECLS
514 __NULLABILITY_PRAGMA_POP
515 
516 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
517