xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 40a8ac8f62b535d30349faf28cf47106b7041b83)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
33  * $FreeBSD$
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
37 #define	_STDIO_H_
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #include <sys/_null.h>
41 #include <sys/_types.h>
42 
43 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
44 
45 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
46 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
47 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
48 #endif
49 
50 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
51 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
52 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
53 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
54 #endif
55 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
56 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
57 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
58 #endif
59 #endif
60 
61 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
62 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
63 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
64 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
65 #endif
66 #endif
67 
68 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
69 
70 /*
71  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
72  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
73  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
74  */
75 
76 /* stdio buffers */
77 struct __sbuf {
78 	unsigned char *_base;
79 	int	_size;
80 };
81 
82 /*
83  * stdio state variables.
84  *
85  * The following always hold:
86  *
87  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
88  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
89  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
90  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
91  *
92  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
93  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
94  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
95  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
96  *
97  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
98  * code as compact as possible.
99  *
100  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
101  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
102  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
103  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
104  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
105  *
106  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
107  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
108  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
109  */
110 struct __sFILE {
111 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
112 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
113 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
114 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
115 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
116 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
117 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
118 
119 	/* operations */
120 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
121 	int	(*_close)(void *);
122 	int	(*_read)(void *, char *, int);
123 	fpos_t	(*_seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
124 	int	(*_write)(void *, const char *, int);
125 
126 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
127 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
128 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
129 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
130 
131 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
132 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
133 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
134 
135 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
136 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
137 
138 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
139 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
140 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
141 
142 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
143 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
144 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
145 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
146 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
147 };
148 #ifndef _STDFILE_DECLARED
149 #define _STDFILE_DECLARED
150 typedef struct __sFILE FILE;
151 #endif
152 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
153 __BEGIN_DECLS
154 extern FILE *__stdinp;
155 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
156 extern FILE *__stderrp;
157 __END_DECLS
158 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
159 #endif
160 
161 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
162 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
163 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
164 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
165 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
166 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
167 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
168 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
169 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
170 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
171 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
172 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
173 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
174 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
175 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
176 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
177 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
178 
179 /*
180  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
181  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
182  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
183  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
184  *
185  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
186  * does not rely on this.
187  */
188 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
189 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
190 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
191 
192 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
193 #define	EOF	(-1)
194 
195 /*
196  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
197  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
198  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
199  */
200 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
201 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
202 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
203 #endif
204 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
205 
206 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
207 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
208 #define	P_tmpdir	"/tmp/"
209 #endif
210 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
211 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
212 
213 #ifndef SEEK_SET
214 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
215 #endif
216 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
217 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
218 #endif
219 #ifndef SEEK_END
220 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
221 #endif
222 
223 #define	stdin	__stdinp
224 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
225 #define	stderr	__stderrp
226 
227 __BEGIN_DECLS
228 #ifdef _XLOCALE_H_
229 #include <xlocale/_stdio.h>
230 #endif
231 /*
232  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
233  */
234 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
235 int	 fclose(FILE *);
236 int	 feof(FILE *);
237 int	 ferror(FILE *);
238 int	 fflush(FILE *);
239 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
240 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
241 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
242 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
243 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
244 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
245 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
246 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
247 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
248 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
249 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
250 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
251 long	 ftell(FILE *);
252 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
253 int	 getc(FILE *);
254 int	 getchar(void);
255 char	*gets(char *);
256 void	 perror(const char *);
257 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
258 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
259 int	 putchar(int);
260 int	 puts(const char *);
261 int	 remove(const char *);
262 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
263 void	 rewind(FILE *);
264 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
265 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
266 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
267 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
268 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
269 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
270 char	*tmpnam(char *);
271 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
272 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
273 	    __va_list);
274 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
275 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
276 	    __va_list);
277 
278 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
279 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
280 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
281 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
282 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
283 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
284 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
285 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
286 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
287 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
288 #endif
289 
290 /*
291  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
292  */
293 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || (__POSIX_VISIBLE && __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506)
294 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* size for cuserid(3); MAXLOGNAME, legacy */
295 #endif
296 
297 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
298 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
299 
300 char	*ctermid(char *);
301 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
302 int	 fileno(FILE *);
303 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
304 
305 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
306 int	 pclose(FILE *);
307 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
308 #endif
309 
310 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
311 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
312 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
313 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
314 
315 /*
316  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
317  * requires functions as well.
318  */
319 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
320 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
321 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
322 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
323 #endif
324 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
325 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
326 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
327 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
328 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
329 #endif
330 
331 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112
332 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
333 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
334 #endif
335 
336 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
337 int	 getw(FILE *);
338 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
339 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
340 
341 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
342 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
343 #endif
344 
345 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
346 FILE	*fmemopen(void * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict);
347 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
348 	    FILE * __restrict);
349 FILE	*open_memstream(char **, size_t *);
350 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
351 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list);
352 
353 /*
354  * Every programmer and his dog wrote functions called getline() and dprintf()
355  * before POSIX.1-2008 came along and decided to usurp the names, so we
356  * don't prototype them by default unless one of the following is true:
357  *   a) the app has requested them specifically by defining _WITH_GETLINE or
358  *      _WITH_DPRINTF, respectively
359  *   b) the app has requested a POSIX.1-2008 environment via _POSIX_C_SOURCE
360  *   c) the app defines a GNUism such as _BSD_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE
361  */
362 #ifndef _WITH_GETLINE
363 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
364 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
365 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
366 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
367 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
368 #endif
369 #endif
370 #endif
371 
372 #ifdef _WITH_GETLINE
373 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
374 #endif
375 
376 #ifndef _WITH_DPRINTF
377 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
378 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
379 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
380 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
381 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
382 #endif
383 #endif
384 #endif
385 
386 #ifdef _WITH_DPRINTF
387 int	 (dprintf)(int, const char * __restrict, ...);
388 #endif
389 
390 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
391 
392 /*
393  * Routines that are purely local.
394  */
395 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
396 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
397 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
398 void	 fcloseall(void);
399 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
400 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
401 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
402 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
403 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
404 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
405 	    __printflike(2, 0);
406 
407 /*
408  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
409  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
410  * instead.
411  */
412 extern const int sys_nerr;
413 extern const char * const sys_errlist[];
414 
415 /*
416  * Stdio function-access interface.
417  */
418 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
419 	    int (*)(void *, char *, int),
420 	    int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
421 	    fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
422 	    int (*)(void *));
423 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
424 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
425 
426 /*
427  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
428  */
429 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
430 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
431 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
432 #endif
433 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
434 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
435 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
436 #endif
437 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
438 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
439 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
440 #endif
441 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
442 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
443 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
444 #endif
445 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
446 
447 /*
448  * Functions internal to the implementation.
449  */
450 int	__srget(FILE *);
451 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
452 
453 /*
454  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
455  * define function versions in the C library.
456  */
457 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
458 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
459 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
460 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
461 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
462 	else
463 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
464 }
465 #else
466 /*
467  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
468  */
469 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
470 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
471 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
472 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
473 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
474 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
475 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
476 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
477 #endif
478 
479 extern int __isthreaded;
480 
481 #ifndef __cplusplus
482 
483 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
484 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
485 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
486 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
487 
488 
489 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
490 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
491 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
492 
493 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
494 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
495 #endif
496 
497 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
498 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
499 
500 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
501 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
502 
503 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
504 /*
505  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
506  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
507  */
508 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
509 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
510 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
511 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
512 #endif
513 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
514 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
515 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
516 
517 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
518 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
519 #endif
520 #endif /* __cplusplus */
521 
522 __END_DECLS
523 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
524