xref: /freebsd/include/stdio.h (revision 1670a1c2a47d10ecccd001970b859caf93cd3b6e)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Chris Torek.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  *
32  *	@(#)stdio.h	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/29/95
33  * $FreeBSD$
34  */
35 
36 #ifndef	_STDIO_H_
37 #define	_STDIO_H_
38 
39 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
40 #include <sys/_null.h>
41 #include <sys/_types.h>
42 
43 typedef	__off_t		fpos_t;
44 
45 #ifndef _SIZE_T_DECLARED
46 typedef	__size_t	size_t;
47 #define	_SIZE_T_DECLARED
48 #endif
49 
50 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
51 #ifndef _OFF_T_DECLARED
52 #define	_OFF_T_DECLARED
53 typedef	__off_t		off_t;
54 #endif
55 #ifndef _SSIZE_T_DECLARED
56 #define	_SSIZE_T_DECLARED
57 typedef	__ssize_t	ssize_t;
58 #endif
59 #endif
60 
61 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112 || __XSI_VISIBLE
62 #ifndef _VA_LIST_DECLARED
63 typedef	__va_list	va_list;
64 #define	_VA_LIST_DECLARED
65 #endif
66 #endif
67 
68 #define	_FSTDIO			/* Define for new stdio with functions. */
69 
70 /*
71  * NB: to fit things in six character monocase externals, the stdio
72  * code uses the prefix `__s' for stdio objects, typically followed
73  * by a three-character attempt at a mnemonic.
74  */
75 
76 /* stdio buffers */
77 struct __sbuf {
78 	unsigned char *_base;
79 	int	_size;
80 };
81 
82 /*
83  * stdio state variables.
84  *
85  * The following always hold:
86  *
87  *	if (_flags&(__SLBF|__SWR)) == (__SLBF|__SWR),
88  *		_lbfsize is -_bf._size, else _lbfsize is 0
89  *	if _flags&__SRD, _w is 0
90  *	if _flags&__SWR, _r is 0
91  *
92  * This ensures that the getc and putc macros (or inline functions) never
93  * try to write or read from a file that is in `read' or `write' mode.
94  * (Moreover, they can, and do, automatically switch from read mode to
95  * write mode, and back, on "r+" and "w+" files.)
96  *
97  * _lbfsize is used only to make the inline line-buffered output stream
98  * code as compact as possible.
99  *
100  * _ub, _up, and _ur are used when ungetc() pushes back more characters
101  * than fit in the current _bf, or when ungetc() pushes back a character
102  * that does not match the previous one in _bf.  When this happens,
103  * _ub._base becomes non-nil (i.e., a stream has ungetc() data iff
104  * _ub._base!=NULL) and _up and _ur save the current values of _p and _r.
105  *
106  * Certain members of __sFILE are accessed directly via macros or
107  * inline functions.  To preserve ABI compat, these members must not
108  * be disturbed.  These members are marked below with (*).
109  */
110 typedef	struct __sFILE {
111 	unsigned char *_p;	/* (*) current position in (some) buffer */
112 	int	_r;		/* (*) read space left for getc() */
113 	int	_w;		/* (*) write space left for putc() */
114 	short	_flags;		/* (*) flags, below; this FILE is free if 0 */
115 	short	_file;		/* (*) fileno, if Unix descriptor, else -1 */
116 	struct	__sbuf _bf;	/* (*) the buffer (at least 1 byte, if !NULL) */
117 	int	_lbfsize;	/* (*) 0 or -_bf._size, for inline putc */
118 
119 	/* operations */
120 	void	*_cookie;	/* (*) cookie passed to io functions */
121 	int	(*_close)(void *);
122 	int	(*_read)(void *, char *, int);
123 	fpos_t	(*_seek)(void *, fpos_t, int);
124 	int	(*_write)(void *, const char *, int);
125 
126 	/* separate buffer for long sequences of ungetc() */
127 	struct	__sbuf _ub;	/* ungetc buffer */
128 	unsigned char	*_up;	/* saved _p when _p is doing ungetc data */
129 	int	_ur;		/* saved _r when _r is counting ungetc data */
130 
131 	/* tricks to meet minimum requirements even when malloc() fails */
132 	unsigned char _ubuf[3];	/* guarantee an ungetc() buffer */
133 	unsigned char _nbuf[1];	/* guarantee a getc() buffer */
134 
135 	/* separate buffer for fgetln() when line crosses buffer boundary */
136 	struct	__sbuf _lb;	/* buffer for fgetln() */
137 
138 	/* Unix stdio files get aligned to block boundaries on fseek() */
139 	int	_blksize;	/* stat.st_blksize (may be != _bf._size) */
140 	fpos_t	_offset;	/* current lseek offset */
141 
142 	struct pthread_mutex *_fl_mutex;	/* used for MT-safety */
143 	struct pthread *_fl_owner;	/* current owner */
144 	int	_fl_count;	/* recursive lock count */
145 	int	_orientation;	/* orientation for fwide() */
146 	__mbstate_t _mbstate;	/* multibyte conversion state */
147 } FILE;
148 
149 #ifndef _STDSTREAM_DECLARED
150 __BEGIN_DECLS
151 extern FILE *__stdinp;
152 extern FILE *__stdoutp;
153 extern FILE *__stderrp;
154 __END_DECLS
155 #define	_STDSTREAM_DECLARED
156 #endif
157 
158 #define	__SLBF	0x0001		/* line buffered */
159 #define	__SNBF	0x0002		/* unbuffered */
160 #define	__SRD	0x0004		/* OK to read */
161 #define	__SWR	0x0008		/* OK to write */
162 	/* RD and WR are never simultaneously asserted */
163 #define	__SRW	0x0010		/* open for reading & writing */
164 #define	__SEOF	0x0020		/* found EOF */
165 #define	__SERR	0x0040		/* found error */
166 #define	__SMBF	0x0080		/* _buf is from malloc */
167 #define	__SAPP	0x0100		/* fdopen()ed in append mode */
168 #define	__SSTR	0x0200		/* this is an sprintf/snprintf string */
169 #define	__SOPT	0x0400		/* do fseek() optimization */
170 #define	__SNPT	0x0800		/* do not do fseek() optimization */
171 #define	__SOFF	0x1000		/* set iff _offset is in fact correct */
172 #define	__SMOD	0x2000		/* true => fgetln modified _p text */
173 #define	__SALC	0x4000		/* allocate string space dynamically */
174 #define	__SIGN	0x8000		/* ignore this file in _fwalk */
175 
176 /*
177  * The following three definitions are for ANSI C, which took them
178  * from System V, which brilliantly took internal interface macros and
179  * made them official arguments to setvbuf(), without renaming them.
180  * Hence, these ugly _IOxxx names are *supposed* to appear in user code.
181  *
182  * Although numbered as their counterparts above, the implementation
183  * does not rely on this.
184  */
185 #define	_IOFBF	0		/* setvbuf should set fully buffered */
186 #define	_IOLBF	1		/* setvbuf should set line buffered */
187 #define	_IONBF	2		/* setvbuf should set unbuffered */
188 
189 #define	BUFSIZ	1024		/* size of buffer used by setbuf */
190 #define	EOF	(-1)
191 
192 /*
193  * FOPEN_MAX is a minimum maximum, and is the number of streams that
194  * stdio can provide without attempting to allocate further resources
195  * (which could fail).  Do not use this for anything.
196  */
197 				/* must be == _POSIX_STREAM_MAX <limits.h> */
198 #ifndef FOPEN_MAX
199 #define	FOPEN_MAX	20	/* must be <= OPEN_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
200 #endif
201 #define	FILENAME_MAX	1024	/* must be <= PATH_MAX <sys/syslimits.h> */
202 
203 /* System V/ANSI C; this is the wrong way to do this, do *not* use these. */
204 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
205 #define	P_tmpdir	"/var/tmp/"
206 #endif
207 #define	L_tmpnam	1024	/* XXX must be == PATH_MAX */
208 #define	TMP_MAX		308915776
209 
210 #ifndef SEEK_SET
211 #define	SEEK_SET	0	/* set file offset to offset */
212 #endif
213 #ifndef SEEK_CUR
214 #define	SEEK_CUR	1	/* set file offset to current plus offset */
215 #endif
216 #ifndef SEEK_END
217 #define	SEEK_END	2	/* set file offset to EOF plus offset */
218 #endif
219 
220 #define	stdin	__stdinp
221 #define	stdout	__stdoutp
222 #define	stderr	__stderrp
223 
224 __BEGIN_DECLS
225 /*
226  * Functions defined in ANSI C standard.
227  */
228 void	 clearerr(FILE *);
229 int	 fclose(FILE *);
230 int	 feof(FILE *);
231 int	 ferror(FILE *);
232 int	 fflush(FILE *);
233 int	 fgetc(FILE *);
234 int	 fgetpos(FILE * __restrict, fpos_t * __restrict);
235 char	*fgets(char * __restrict, int, FILE * __restrict);
236 FILE	*fopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict);
237 int	 fprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
238 int	 fputc(int, FILE *);
239 int	 fputs(const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
240 size_t	 fread(void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
241 FILE	*freopen(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
242 int	 fscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
243 int	 fseek(FILE *, long, int);
244 int	 fsetpos(FILE *, const fpos_t *);
245 long	 ftell(FILE *);
246 size_t	 fwrite(const void * __restrict, size_t, size_t, FILE * __restrict);
247 int	 getc(FILE *);
248 int	 getchar(void);
249 char	*gets(char *);
250 void	 perror(const char *);
251 int	 printf(const char * __restrict, ...);
252 int	 putc(int, FILE *);
253 int	 putchar(int);
254 int	 puts(const char *);
255 int	 remove(const char *);
256 int	 rename(const char *, const char *);
257 void	 rewind(FILE *);
258 int	 scanf(const char * __restrict, ...);
259 void	 setbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict);
260 int	 setvbuf(FILE * __restrict, char * __restrict, int, size_t);
261 int	 sprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
262 int	 sscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, ...);
263 FILE	*tmpfile(void);
264 char	*tmpnam(char *);
265 int	 ungetc(int, FILE *);
266 int	 vfprintf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
267 	    __va_list);
268 int	 vprintf(const char * __restrict, __va_list);
269 int	 vsprintf(char * __restrict, const char * __restrict,
270 	    __va_list);
271 
272 #if __ISO_C_VISIBLE >= 1999
273 int	 snprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
274 	    ...) __printflike(3, 4);
275 int	 vfscanf(FILE * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
276 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
277 int	 vscanf(const char * __restrict, __va_list) __scanflike(1, 0);
278 int	 vsnprintf(char * __restrict, size_t, const char * __restrict,
279 	    __va_list) __printflike(3, 0);
280 int	 vsscanf(const char * __restrict, const char * __restrict, __va_list)
281 	    __scanflike(2, 0);
282 #endif
283 
284 /*
285  * Functions defined in all versions of POSIX 1003.1.
286  */
287 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE <= 199506
288 /* size for cuserid(3); UT_NAMESIZE + 1, see <utmp.h> */
289 #define	L_cuserid	17	/* legacy */
290 #endif
291 
292 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
293 #define	L_ctermid	1024	/* size for ctermid(3); PATH_MAX */
294 
295 char	*ctermid(char *);
296 FILE	*fdopen(int, const char *);
297 int	 fileno(FILE *);
298 #endif /* __POSIX_VISIBLE */
299 
300 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199209
301 int	 pclose(FILE *);
302 FILE	*popen(const char *, const char *);
303 #endif
304 
305 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
306 int	 ftrylockfile(FILE *);
307 void	 flockfile(FILE *);
308 void	 funlockfile(FILE *);
309 
310 /*
311  * These are normally used through macros as defined below, but POSIX
312  * requires functions as well.
313  */
314 int	 getc_unlocked(FILE *);
315 int	 getchar_unlocked(void);
316 int	 putc_unlocked(int, FILE *);
317 int	 putchar_unlocked(int);
318 #endif
319 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
320 void	 clearerr_unlocked(FILE *);
321 int	 feof_unlocked(FILE *);
322 int	 ferror_unlocked(FILE *);
323 int	 fileno_unlocked(FILE *);
324 #endif
325 
326 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200112
327 int	 fseeko(FILE *, __off_t, int);
328 __off_t	 ftello(FILE *);
329 #endif
330 
331 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __XSI_VISIBLE > 0 && __XSI_VISIBLE < 600
332 int	 getw(FILE *);
333 int	 putw(int, FILE *);
334 #endif /* BSD or X/Open before issue 6 */
335 
336 #if __XSI_VISIBLE
337 char	*tempnam(const char *, const char *);
338 #endif
339 
340 #if __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809
341 ssize_t	 getdelim(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, int,
342 	    FILE * __restrict);
343 int	 renameat(int, const char *, int, const char *);
344 int	 vdprintf(int, const char * __restrict, __va_list);
345 
346 /*
347  * Every programmer and his dog wrote functions called getline() and dprintf()
348  * before POSIX.1-2008 came along and decided to usurp the names, so we
349  * don't prototype them by default unless one of the following is true:
350  *   a) the app has requested them specifically by defining _WITH_GETLINE or
351  *      _WITH_DPRINTF, respectively
352  *   b) the app has requested a POSIX.1-2008 environment via _POSIX_C_SOURCE
353  *   c) the app defines a GNUism such as _BSD_SOURCE or _GNU_SOURCE
354  */
355 #ifndef _WITH_GETLINE
356 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
357 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
358 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
359 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
360 #define	_WITH_GETLINE
361 #endif
362 #endif
363 #endif
364 
365 #ifdef _WITH_GETLINE
366 ssize_t	 getline(char ** __restrict, size_t * __restrict, FILE * __restrict);
367 #endif
368 
369 #ifndef _WITH_DPRINTF
370 #if defined(_BSD_SOURCE) || defined(_GNU_SOURCE)
371 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
372 #elif defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE)
373 #if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200809
374 #define	_WITH_DPRINTF
375 #endif
376 #endif
377 #endif
378 
379 #ifdef _WITH_DPRINTF
380 int	 (dprintf)(int, const char * __restrict, ...);
381 #endif
382 
383 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE || __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 200809 */
384 
385 /*
386  * Routines that are purely local.
387  */
388 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
389 int	 asprintf(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
390 char	*ctermid_r(char *);
391 void	 fcloseall(void);
392 char	*fgetln(FILE *, size_t *);
393 const char *fmtcheck(const char *, const char *) __format_arg(2);
394 int	 fpurge(FILE *);
395 void	 setbuffer(FILE *, char *, int);
396 int	 setlinebuf(FILE *);
397 int	 vasprintf(char **, const char *, __va_list)
398 	    __printflike(2, 0);
399 
400 /*
401  * The system error table contains messages for the first sys_nerr
402  * positive errno values.  Use strerror() or strerror_r() from <string.h>
403  * instead.
404  */
405 extern __const int sys_nerr;
406 extern __const char *__const sys_errlist[];
407 
408 /*
409  * Stdio function-access interface.
410  */
411 FILE	*funopen(const void *,
412 	    int (*)(void *, char *, int),
413 	    int (*)(void *, const char *, int),
414 	    fpos_t (*)(void *, fpos_t, int),
415 	    int (*)(void *));
416 #define	fropen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, fn, 0, 0, 0)
417 #define	fwopen(cookie, fn) funopen(cookie, 0, fn, 0, 0)
418 
419 /*
420  * Portability hacks.  See <sys/types.h>.
421  */
422 #ifndef _FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
423 #define	_FTRUNCATE_DECLARED
424 int	 ftruncate(int, __off_t);
425 #endif
426 #ifndef _LSEEK_DECLARED
427 #define	_LSEEK_DECLARED
428 __off_t	 lseek(int, __off_t, int);
429 #endif
430 #ifndef _MMAP_DECLARED
431 #define	_MMAP_DECLARED
432 void	*mmap(void *, size_t, int, int, int, __off_t);
433 #endif
434 #ifndef _TRUNCATE_DECLARED
435 #define	_TRUNCATE_DECLARED
436 int	 truncate(const char *, __off_t);
437 #endif
438 #endif /* __BSD_VISIBLE */
439 
440 /*
441  * Functions internal to the implementation.
442  */
443 int	__srget(FILE *);
444 int	__swbuf(int, FILE *);
445 
446 /*
447  * The __sfoo macros are here so that we can
448  * define function versions in the C library.
449  */
450 #define	__sgetc(p) (--(p)->_r < 0 ? __srget(p) : (int)(*(p)->_p++))
451 #if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)
452 static __inline int __sputc(int _c, FILE *_p) {
453 	if (--_p->_w >= 0 || (_p->_w >= _p->_lbfsize && (char)_c != '\n'))
454 		return (*_p->_p++ = _c);
455 	else
456 		return (__swbuf(_c, _p));
457 }
458 #else
459 /*
460  * This has been tuned to generate reasonable code on the vax using pcc.
461  */
462 #define	__sputc(c, p) \
463 	(--(p)->_w < 0 ? \
464 		(p)->_w >= (p)->_lbfsize ? \
465 			(*(p)->_p = (c)), *(p)->_p != '\n' ? \
466 				(int)*(p)->_p++ : \
467 				__swbuf('\n', p) : \
468 			__swbuf((int)(c), p) : \
469 		(*(p)->_p = (c), (int)*(p)->_p++))
470 #endif
471 
472 #define	__sfeof(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SEOF) != 0)
473 #define	__sferror(p)	(((p)->_flags & __SERR) != 0)
474 #define	__sclearerr(p)	((void)((p)->_flags &= ~(__SERR|__SEOF)))
475 #define	__sfileno(p)	((p)->_file)
476 
477 extern int __isthreaded;
478 
479 #define	feof(p)		(!__isthreaded ? __sfeof(p) : (feof)(p))
480 #define	ferror(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sferror(p) : (ferror)(p))
481 #define	clearerr(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sclearerr(p) : (clearerr)(p))
482 
483 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE
484 #define	fileno(p)	(!__isthreaded ? __sfileno(p) : (fileno)(p))
485 #endif
486 
487 #define	getc(fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sgetc(fp) : (getc)(fp))
488 #define	putc(x, fp)	(!__isthreaded ? __sputc(x, fp) : (putc)(x, fp))
489 
490 #define	getchar()	getc(stdin)
491 #define	putchar(x)	putc(x, stdout)
492 
493 #if __BSD_VISIBLE
494 /*
495  * See ISO/IEC 9945-1 ANSI/IEEE Std 1003.1 Second Edition 1996-07-12
496  * B.8.2.7 for the rationale behind the *_unlocked() macros.
497  */
498 #define	feof_unlocked(p)	__sfeof(p)
499 #define	ferror_unlocked(p)	__sferror(p)
500 #define	clearerr_unlocked(p)	__sclearerr(p)
501 #define	fileno_unlocked(p)	__sfileno(p)
502 #endif
503 #if __POSIX_VISIBLE >= 199506
504 #define	getc_unlocked(fp)	__sgetc(fp)
505 #define	putc_unlocked(x, fp)	__sputc(x, fp)
506 
507 #define	getchar_unlocked()	getc_unlocked(stdin)
508 #define	putchar_unlocked(x)	putc_unlocked(x, stdout)
509 #endif
510 
511 __END_DECLS
512 #endif /* !_STDIO_H_ */
513