xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssl/doc/man3/BIO_f_ssl.pod (revision b9f654b163bce26de79705e77b872427c9f2afa1)
1=pod
2
3=head1 NAME
4
5BIO_do_handshake,
6BIO_f_ssl, BIO_set_ssl, BIO_get_ssl, BIO_set_ssl_mode,
7BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_bytes,
8BIO_get_num_renegotiates, BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_timeout, BIO_new_ssl,
9BIO_new_ssl_connect, BIO_new_buffer_ssl_connect, BIO_ssl_copy_session_id,
10BIO_ssl_shutdown - SSL BIO
11
12=head1 SYNOPSIS
13
14=for comment multiple includes
15
16 #include <openssl/bio.h>
17 #include <openssl/ssl.h>
18
19 const BIO_METHOD *BIO_f_ssl(void);
20
21 long BIO_set_ssl(BIO *b, SSL *ssl, long c);
22 long BIO_get_ssl(BIO *b, SSL **sslp);
23 long BIO_set_ssl_mode(BIO *b, long client);
24 long BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_bytes(BIO *b, long num);
25 long BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_timeout(BIO *b, long seconds);
26 long BIO_get_num_renegotiates(BIO *b);
27
28 BIO *BIO_new_ssl(SSL_CTX *ctx, int client);
29 BIO *BIO_new_ssl_connect(SSL_CTX *ctx);
30 BIO *BIO_new_buffer_ssl_connect(SSL_CTX *ctx);
31 int BIO_ssl_copy_session_id(BIO *to, BIO *from);
32 void BIO_ssl_shutdown(BIO *bio);
33
34 long BIO_do_handshake(BIO *b);
35
36=head1 DESCRIPTION
37
38BIO_f_ssl() returns the SSL BIO method. This is a filter BIO which
39is a wrapper round the OpenSSL SSL routines adding a BIO "flavour" to
40SSL I/O.
41
42I/O performed on an SSL BIO communicates using the SSL protocol with
43the SSLs read and write BIOs. If an SSL connection is not established
44then an attempt is made to establish one on the first I/O call.
45
46If a BIO is appended to an SSL BIO using BIO_push() it is automatically
47used as the SSL BIOs read and write BIOs.
48
49Calling BIO_reset() on an SSL BIO closes down any current SSL connection
50by calling SSL_shutdown(). BIO_reset() is then sent to the next BIO in
51the chain: this will typically disconnect the underlying transport.
52The SSL BIO is then reset to the initial accept or connect state.
53
54If the close flag is set when an SSL BIO is freed then the internal
55SSL structure is also freed using SSL_free().
56
57BIO_set_ssl() sets the internal SSL pointer of BIO B<b> to B<ssl> using
58the close flag B<c>.
59
60BIO_get_ssl() retrieves the SSL pointer of BIO B<b>, it can then be
61manipulated using the standard SSL library functions.
62
63BIO_set_ssl_mode() sets the SSL BIO mode to B<client>. If B<client>
64is 1 client mode is set. If B<client> is 0 server mode is set.
65
66BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_bytes() sets the renegotiate byte count
67to B<num>. When set after every B<num> bytes of I/O (read and write)
68the SSL session is automatically renegotiated. B<num> must be at
69least 512 bytes.
70
71BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_timeout() sets the renegotiate timeout to
72B<seconds>. When the renegotiate timeout elapses the session is
73automatically renegotiated.
74
75BIO_get_num_renegotiates() returns the total number of session
76renegotiations due to I/O or timeout.
77
78BIO_new_ssl() allocates an SSL BIO using SSL_CTX B<ctx> and using
79client mode if B<client> is non zero.
80
81BIO_new_ssl_connect() creates a new BIO chain consisting of an
82SSL BIO (using B<ctx>) followed by a connect BIO.
83
84BIO_new_buffer_ssl_connect() creates a new BIO chain consisting
85of a buffering BIO, an SSL BIO (using B<ctx>) and a connect
86BIO.
87
88BIO_ssl_copy_session_id() copies an SSL session id between
89BIO chains B<from> and B<to>. It does this by locating the
90SSL BIOs in each chain and calling SSL_copy_session_id() on
91the internal SSL pointer.
92
93BIO_ssl_shutdown() closes down an SSL connection on BIO
94chain B<bio>. It does this by locating the SSL BIO in the
95chain and calling SSL_shutdown() on its internal SSL
96pointer.
97
98BIO_do_handshake() attempts to complete an SSL handshake on the
99supplied BIO and establish the SSL connection. It returns 1
100if the connection was established successfully. A zero or negative
101value is returned if the connection could not be established, the
102call BIO_should_retry() should be used for non blocking connect BIOs
103to determine if the call should be retried. If an SSL connection has
104already been established this call has no effect.
105
106=head1 NOTES
107
108SSL BIOs are exceptional in that if the underlying transport
109is non blocking they can still request a retry in exceptional
110circumstances. Specifically this will happen if a session
111renegotiation takes place during a BIO_read_ex() operation, one
112case where this happens is when step up occurs.
113
114The SSL flag SSL_AUTO_RETRY can be
115set to disable this behaviour. That is when this flag is set
116an SSL BIO using a blocking transport will never request a
117retry.
118
119Since unknown BIO_ctrl() operations are sent through filter
120BIOs the servers name and port can be set using BIO_set_host()
121on the BIO returned by BIO_new_ssl_connect() without having
122to locate the connect BIO first.
123
124Applications do not have to call BIO_do_handshake() but may wish
125to do so to separate the handshake process from other I/O
126processing.
127
128BIO_set_ssl(), BIO_get_ssl(), BIO_set_ssl_mode(),
129BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_bytes(), BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_timeout(),
130BIO_get_num_renegotiates(), and BIO_do_handshake() are implemented as macros.
131
132=head1 EXAMPLE
133
134This SSL/TLS client example, attempts to retrieve a page from an
135SSL/TLS web server. The I/O routines are identical to those of the
136unencrypted example in L<BIO_s_connect(3)>.
137
138 BIO *sbio, *out;
139 int len;
140 char tmpbuf[1024];
141 SSL_CTX *ctx;
142 SSL *ssl;
143
144 /* XXX Seed the PRNG if needed. */
145
146 ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_client_method());
147
148 /* XXX Set verify paths and mode here. */
149
150 sbio = BIO_new_ssl_connect(ctx);
151 BIO_get_ssl(sbio, &ssl);
152 if (ssl == NULL) {
153     fprintf(stderr, "Can't locate SSL pointer\n");
154     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
155     exit(1);
156 }
157
158 /* Don't want any retries */
159 SSL_set_mode(ssl, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
160
161 /* XXX We might want to do other things with ssl here */
162
163 /* An empty host part means the loopback address */
164 BIO_set_conn_hostname(sbio, ":https");
165
166 out = BIO_new_fp(stdout, BIO_NOCLOSE);
167 if (BIO_do_connect(sbio) <= 0) {
168     fprintf(stderr, "Error connecting to server\n");
169     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
170     exit(1);
171 }
172 if (BIO_do_handshake(sbio) <= 0) {
173     fprintf(stderr, "Error establishing SSL connection\n");
174     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
175     exit(1);
176 }
177
178 /* XXX Could examine ssl here to get connection info */
179
180 BIO_puts(sbio, "GET / HTTP/1.0\n\n");
181 for (;;) {
182     len = BIO_read(sbio, tmpbuf, 1024);
183     if (len <= 0)
184         break;
185     BIO_write(out, tmpbuf, len);
186 }
187 BIO_free_all(sbio);
188 BIO_free(out);
189
190Here is a simple server example. It makes use of a buffering
191BIO to allow lines to be read from the SSL BIO using BIO_gets.
192It creates a pseudo web page containing the actual request from
193a client and also echoes the request to standard output.
194
195 BIO *sbio, *bbio, *acpt, *out;
196 int len;
197 char tmpbuf[1024];
198 SSL_CTX *ctx;
199 SSL *ssl;
200
201 /* XXX Seed the PRNG if needed. */
202
203 ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());
204 if (!SSL_CTX_use_certificate_file(ctx, "server.pem", SSL_FILETYPE_PEM)
205         || !SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file(ctx, "server.pem", SSL_FILETYPE_PEM)
206         || !SSL_CTX_check_private_key(ctx)) {
207     fprintf(stderr, "Error setting up SSL_CTX\n");
208     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
209     exit(1);
210 }
211
212 /* XXX Other things like set verify locations, EDH temp callbacks. */
213
214 /* New SSL BIO setup as server */
215 sbio = BIO_new_ssl(ctx, 0);
216 BIO_get_ssl(sbio, &ssl);
217 if (ssl == NULL) {
218     fprintf(stderr, "Can't locate SSL pointer\n");
219     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
220     exit(1);
221 }
222
223 SSL_set_mode(ssl, SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY);
224 bbio = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
225 sbio = BIO_push(bbio, sbio);
226 acpt = BIO_new_accept("4433");
227
228 /*
229  * By doing this when a new connection is established
230  * we automatically have sbio inserted into it. The
231  * BIO chain is now 'swallowed' by the accept BIO and
232  * will be freed when the accept BIO is freed.
233  */
234 BIO_set_accept_bios(acpt, sbio);
235 out = BIO_new_fp(stdout, BIO_NOCLOSE);
236
237 /* Setup accept BIO */
238 if (BIO_do_accept(acpt) <= 0) {
239     fprintf(stderr, "Error setting up accept BIO\n");
240     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
241     exit(1);
242 }
243
244 /* We only want one connection so remove and free accept BIO */
245 sbio = BIO_pop(acpt);
246 BIO_free_all(acpt);
247
248 if (BIO_do_handshake(sbio) <= 0) {
249     fprintf(stderr, "Error in SSL handshake\n");
250     ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
251     exit(1);
252 }
253
254 BIO_puts(sbio, "HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
255 BIO_puts(sbio, "\r\nConnection Established\r\nRequest headers:\r\n");
256 BIO_puts(sbio, "--------------------------------------------------\r\n");
257
258 for (;;) {
259     len = BIO_gets(sbio, tmpbuf, 1024);
260     if (len <= 0)
261         break;
262     BIO_write(sbio, tmpbuf, len);
263     BIO_write(out, tmpbuf, len);
264     /* Look for blank line signifying end of headers*/
265     if (tmpbuf[0] == '\r' || tmpbuf[0] == '\n')
266         break;
267 }
268
269 BIO_puts(sbio, "--------------------------------------------------\r\n");
270 BIO_puts(sbio, "\r\n");
271 BIO_flush(sbio);
272 BIO_free_all(sbio);
273
274=head1 RETURN VALUES
275
276BIO_f_ssl() returns the SSL B<BIO_METHOD> structure.
277
278BIO_set_ssl(), BIO_get_ssl(), BIO_set_ssl_mode(), BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_bytes(),
279BIO_set_ssl_renegotiate_timeout() and BIO_get_num_renegotiates() return 1 on
280success or a value which is less than or equal to 0 if an error occurred.
281
282BIO_new_ssl(), BIO_new_ssl_connect() and BIO_new_buffer_ssl_connect() return
283a valid B<BIO> structure on success or B<NULL> if an error occurred.
284
285BIO_ssl_copy_session_id() returns 1 on success or 0 on error.
286
287BIO_do_handshake() returns 1 if the connection was established successfully.
288A zero or negative value is returned if the connection could not be established.
289
290=head1 HISTORY
291
292In OpenSSL before 1.0.0 the BIO_pop() call was handled incorrectly,
293the I/O BIO reference count was incorrectly incremented (instead of
294decremented) and dissociated with the SSL BIO even if the SSL BIO was not
295explicitly being popped (e.g. a pop higher up the chain). Applications which
296included workarounds for this bug (e.g. freeing BIOs more than once) should
297be modified to handle this fix or they may free up an already freed BIO.
298
299=head1 COPYRIGHT
300
301Copyright 2000-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
302
303Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the "License").  You may not use
304this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
305in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
306L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
307
308=cut
309