xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/uidswap.c (revision 97549c34ecaf74580941fdc9c5bd1050e4b1f6ce)
1 /* $OpenBSD: uidswap.c,v 1.39 2015/06/24 01:49:19 dtucker Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Code for uid-swapping.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  */
14 
15 #include "includes.h"
16 
17 #include <errno.h>
18 #include <pwd.h>
19 #include <string.h>
20 #include <unistd.h>
21 #include <limits.h>
22 #include <stdarg.h>
23 #include <stdlib.h>
24 
25 #include <grp.h>
26 
27 #include "log.h"
28 #include "uidswap.h"
29 #include "xmalloc.h"
30 
31 /*
32  * Note: all these functions must work in all of the following cases:
33  *    1. euid=0, ruid=0
34  *    2. euid=0, ruid!=0
35  *    3. euid!=0, ruid!=0
36  * Additionally, they must work regardless of whether the system has
37  * POSIX saved uids or not.
38  */
39 
40 #if defined(_POSIX_SAVED_IDS) && !defined(BROKEN_SAVED_UIDS)
41 /* Lets assume that posix saved ids also work with seteuid, even though that
42    is not part of the posix specification. */
43 #define SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
44 /* Saved effective uid. */
45 static uid_t 	saved_euid = 0;
46 static gid_t	saved_egid = 0;
47 #endif
48 
49 /* Saved effective uid. */
50 static int	privileged = 0;
51 static int	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 0;
52 static gid_t	*saved_egroups = NULL, *user_groups = NULL;
53 static int	saved_egroupslen = -1, user_groupslen = -1;
54 
55 /*
56  * Temporarily changes to the given uid.  If the effective user
57  * id is not root, this does nothing.  This call cannot be nested.
58  */
59 void
60 temporarily_use_uid(struct passwd *pw)
61 {
62 	/* Save the current euid, and egroups. */
63 #ifdef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
64 	saved_euid = geteuid();
65 	saved_egid = getegid();
66 	debug("temporarily_use_uid: %u/%u (e=%u/%u)",
67 	    (u_int)pw->pw_uid, (u_int)pw->pw_gid,
68 	    (u_int)saved_euid, (u_int)saved_egid);
69 #ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
70 	if (saved_euid != 0) {
71 		privileged = 0;
72 		return;
73 	}
74 #endif
75 #else
76 	if (geteuid() != 0) {
77 		privileged = 0;
78 		return;
79 	}
80 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
81 
82 	privileged = 1;
83 	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 1;
84 
85 	saved_egroupslen = getgroups(0, NULL);
86 	if (saved_egroupslen < 0)
87 		fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
88 	if (saved_egroupslen > 0) {
89 		saved_egroups = xreallocarray(saved_egroups,
90 		    saved_egroupslen, sizeof(gid_t));
91 		if (getgroups(saved_egroupslen, saved_egroups) < 0)
92 			fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
93 	} else { /* saved_egroupslen == 0 */
94 		free(saved_egroups);
95 	}
96 
97 	/* set and save the user's groups */
98 	if (user_groupslen == -1) {
99 		if (initgroups(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
100 			fatal("initgroups: %s: %.100s", pw->pw_name,
101 			    strerror(errno));
102 
103 		user_groupslen = getgroups(0, NULL);
104 		if (user_groupslen < 0)
105 			fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
106 		if (user_groupslen > 0) {
107 			user_groups = xreallocarray(user_groups,
108 			    user_groupslen, sizeof(gid_t));
109 			if (getgroups(user_groupslen, user_groups) < 0)
110 				fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
111 		} else { /* user_groupslen == 0 */
112 			free(user_groups);
113 		}
114 	}
115 	/* Set the effective uid to the given (unprivileged) uid. */
116 	if (setgroups(user_groupslen, user_groups) < 0)
117 		fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
118 #ifndef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
119 	/* Propagate the privileged gid to all of our gids. */
120 	if (setgid(getegid()) < 0)
121 		debug("setgid %u: %.100s", (u_int) getegid(), strerror(errno));
122 	/* Propagate the privileged uid to all of our uids. */
123 	if (setuid(geteuid()) < 0)
124 		debug("setuid %u: %.100s", (u_int) geteuid(), strerror(errno));
125 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
126 	if (setegid(pw->pw_gid) < 0)
127 		fatal("setegid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid,
128 		    strerror(errno));
129 	if (seteuid(pw->pw_uid) == -1)
130 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
131 		    strerror(errno));
132 }
133 
134 void
135 permanently_drop_suid(uid_t uid)
136 {
137 #ifndef NO_UID_RESTORATION_TEST
138 	uid_t old_uid = getuid();
139 #endif
140 
141 	debug("permanently_drop_suid: %u", (u_int)uid);
142 	if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
143 		fatal("setresuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)uid, strerror(errno));
144 
145 #ifndef NO_UID_RESTORATION_TEST
146 	/*
147 	 * Try restoration of UID if changed (test clearing of saved uid).
148 	 *
149 	 * Note that we don't do this on Cygwin, or on Solaris-based platforms
150 	 * where fine-grained privileges are available (the user might be
151 	 * deliberately allowed the right to setuid back to root).
152 	 */
153 	if (old_uid != uid &&
154 	    (setuid(old_uid) != -1 || seteuid(old_uid) != -1))
155 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]uid", __func__);
156 #endif
157 
158 	/* Verify UID drop was successful */
159 	if (getuid() != uid || geteuid() != uid) {
160 		fatal("%s: euid incorrect uid:%u euid:%u (should be %u)",
161 		    __func__, (u_int)getuid(), (u_int)geteuid(), (u_int)uid);
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 /*
166  * Restores to the original (privileged) uid.
167  */
168 void
169 restore_uid(void)
170 {
171 	/* it's a no-op unless privileged */
172 	if (!privileged) {
173 		debug("restore_uid: (unprivileged)");
174 		return;
175 	}
176 	if (!temporarily_use_uid_effective)
177 		fatal("restore_uid: temporarily_use_uid not effective");
178 
179 #ifdef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
180 	debug("restore_uid: %u/%u", (u_int)saved_euid, (u_int)saved_egid);
181 	/* Set the effective uid back to the saved privileged uid. */
182 	if (seteuid(saved_euid) < 0)
183 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)saved_euid, strerror(errno));
184 	if (setegid(saved_egid) < 0)
185 		fatal("setegid %u: %.100s", (u_int)saved_egid, strerror(errno));
186 #else /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
187 	/*
188 	 * We are unable to restore the real uid to its unprivileged value.
189 	 * Propagate the real uid (usually more privileged) to effective uid
190 	 * as well.
191 	 */
192 	setuid(getuid());
193 	setgid(getgid());
194 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
195 
196 	if (setgroups(saved_egroupslen, saved_egroups) < 0)
197 		fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
198 	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 0;
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * Permanently sets all uids to the given uid.  This cannot be
203  * called while temporarily_use_uid is effective.
204  */
205 void
206 permanently_set_uid(struct passwd *pw)
207 {
208 #ifndef NO_UID_RESTORATION_TEST
209 	uid_t old_uid = getuid();
210 	gid_t old_gid = getgid();
211 #endif
212 
213 	if (pw == NULL)
214 		fatal("permanently_set_uid: no user given");
215 	if (temporarily_use_uid_effective)
216 		fatal("permanently_set_uid: temporarily_use_uid effective");
217 	debug("permanently_set_uid: %u/%u", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
218 	    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
219 
220 	if (setresgid(pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
221 		fatal("setresgid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
222 
223 #ifdef __APPLE__
224 	/*
225 	 * OS X requires initgroups after setgid to opt back into
226 	 * memberd support for >16 supplemental groups.
227 	 */
228 	if (initgroups(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
229 		fatal("initgroups %.100s %u: %.100s",
230 		    pw->pw_name, (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
231 #endif
232 
233 	if (setresuid(pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid) < 0)
234 		fatal("setresuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid, strerror(errno));
235 
236 #ifndef NO_UID_RESTORATION_TEST
237 	/* Try restoration of GID if changed (test clearing of saved gid) */
238 	if (old_gid != pw->pw_gid && pw->pw_uid != 0 &&
239 	    (setgid(old_gid) != -1 || setegid(old_gid) != -1))
240 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]gid", __func__);
241 #endif
242 
243 	/* Verify GID drop was successful */
244 	if (getgid() != pw->pw_gid || getegid() != pw->pw_gid) {
245 		fatal("%s: egid incorrect gid:%u egid:%u (should be %u)",
246 		    __func__, (u_int)getgid(), (u_int)getegid(),
247 		    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
248 	}
249 
250 #ifndef NO_UID_RESTORATION_TEST
251 	/* Try restoration of UID if changed (test clearing of saved uid) */
252 	if (old_uid != pw->pw_uid &&
253 	    (setuid(old_uid) != -1 || seteuid(old_uid) != -1))
254 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]uid", __func__);
255 #endif
256 
257 	/* Verify UID drop was successful */
258 	if (getuid() != pw->pw_uid || geteuid() != pw->pw_uid) {
259 		fatal("%s: euid incorrect uid:%u euid:%u (should be %u)",
260 		    __func__, (u_int)getuid(), (u_int)geteuid(),
261 		    (u_int)pw->pw_uid);
262 	}
263 }
264