xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/uidswap.c (revision 7aa383846770374466b1dcb2cefd71bde9acf463)
1 /* $OpenBSD: uidswap.c,v 1.35 2006/08/03 03:34:42 deraadt Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Code for uid-swapping.
7  *
8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
13  */
14 
15 #include "includes.h"
16 
17 #include <sys/param.h>
18 #include <errno.h>
19 #include <pwd.h>
20 #include <string.h>
21 #include <unistd.h>
22 #include <stdarg.h>
23 
24 #include <grp.h>
25 
26 #include "log.h"
27 #include "uidswap.h"
28 #include "xmalloc.h"
29 
30 /*
31  * Note: all these functions must work in all of the following cases:
32  *    1. euid=0, ruid=0
33  *    2. euid=0, ruid!=0
34  *    3. euid!=0, ruid!=0
35  * Additionally, they must work regardless of whether the system has
36  * POSIX saved uids or not.
37  */
38 
39 #if defined(_POSIX_SAVED_IDS) && !defined(BROKEN_SAVED_UIDS)
40 /* Lets assume that posix saved ids also work with seteuid, even though that
41    is not part of the posix specification. */
42 #define SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
43 /* Saved effective uid. */
44 static uid_t 	saved_euid = 0;
45 static gid_t	saved_egid = 0;
46 #endif
47 
48 /* Saved effective uid. */
49 static int	privileged = 0;
50 static int	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 0;
51 static gid_t	*saved_egroups = NULL, *user_groups = NULL;
52 static int	saved_egroupslen = -1, user_groupslen = -1;
53 
54 /*
55  * Temporarily changes to the given uid.  If the effective user
56  * id is not root, this does nothing.  This call cannot be nested.
57  */
58 void
59 temporarily_use_uid(struct passwd *pw)
60 {
61 	/* Save the current euid, and egroups. */
62 #ifdef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
63 	saved_euid = geteuid();
64 	saved_egid = getegid();
65 	debug("temporarily_use_uid: %u/%u (e=%u/%u)",
66 	    (u_int)pw->pw_uid, (u_int)pw->pw_gid,
67 	    (u_int)saved_euid, (u_int)saved_egid);
68 #ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
69 	if (saved_euid != 0) {
70 		privileged = 0;
71 		return;
72 	}
73 #endif
74 #else
75 	if (geteuid() != 0) {
76 		privileged = 0;
77 		return;
78 	}
79 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
80 
81 	privileged = 1;
82 	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 1;
83 
84 	saved_egroupslen = getgroups(0, NULL);
85 	if (saved_egroupslen < 0)
86 		fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
87 	if (saved_egroupslen > 0) {
88 		saved_egroups = xrealloc(saved_egroups,
89 		    saved_egroupslen, sizeof(gid_t));
90 		if (getgroups(saved_egroupslen, saved_egroups) < 0)
91 			fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
92 	} else { /* saved_egroupslen == 0 */
93 		if (saved_egroups != NULL)
94 			xfree(saved_egroups);
95 	}
96 
97 	/* set and save the user's groups */
98 	if (user_groupslen == -1) {
99 		if (initgroups(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
100 			fatal("initgroups: %s: %.100s", pw->pw_name,
101 			    strerror(errno));
102 
103 		user_groupslen = getgroups(0, NULL);
104 		if (user_groupslen < 0)
105 			fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
106 		if (user_groupslen > 0) {
107 			user_groups = xrealloc(user_groups,
108 			    user_groupslen, sizeof(gid_t));
109 			if (getgroups(user_groupslen, user_groups) < 0)
110 				fatal("getgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
111 		} else { /* user_groupslen == 0 */
112 			if (user_groups)
113 				xfree(user_groups);
114 		}
115 	}
116 	/* Set the effective uid to the given (unprivileged) uid. */
117 	if (setgroups(user_groupslen, user_groups) < 0)
118 		fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
119 #ifndef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
120 	/* Propagate the privileged gid to all of our gids. */
121 	if (setgid(getegid()) < 0)
122 		debug("setgid %u: %.100s", (u_int) getegid(), strerror(errno));
123 	/* Propagate the privileged uid to all of our uids. */
124 	if (setuid(geteuid()) < 0)
125 		debug("setuid %u: %.100s", (u_int) geteuid(), strerror(errno));
126 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
127 	if (setegid(pw->pw_gid) < 0)
128 		fatal("setegid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid,
129 		    strerror(errno));
130 	if (seteuid(pw->pw_uid) == -1)
131 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
132 		    strerror(errno));
133 }
134 
135 void
136 permanently_drop_suid(uid_t uid)
137 {
138 	uid_t old_uid = getuid();
139 
140 	debug("permanently_drop_suid: %u", (u_int)uid);
141 #if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETRESUID)
142 	if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) < 0)
143 		fatal("setresuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)uid, strerror(errno));
144 #elif defined(HAVE_SETREUID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETREUID)
145 	if (setreuid(uid, uid) < 0)
146 		fatal("setreuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)uid, strerror(errno));
147 #else
148 # ifndef SETEUID_BREAKS_SETUID
149 	if (seteuid(uid) < 0)
150 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)uid, strerror(errno));
151 # endif
152 	if (setuid(uid) < 0)
153 		fatal("setuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)uid, strerror(errno));
154 #endif
155 
156 #ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
157 	/* Try restoration of UID if changed (test clearing of saved uid) */
158 	if (old_uid != uid &&
159 	    (setuid(old_uid) != -1 || seteuid(old_uid) != -1))
160 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]uid", __func__);
161 #endif
162 
163 	/* Verify UID drop was successful */
164 	if (getuid() != uid || geteuid() != uid) {
165 		fatal("%s: euid incorrect uid:%u euid:%u (should be %u)",
166 		    __func__, (u_int)getuid(), (u_int)geteuid(), (u_int)uid);
167 	}
168 }
169 
170 /*
171  * Restores to the original (privileged) uid.
172  */
173 void
174 restore_uid(void)
175 {
176 	/* it's a no-op unless privileged */
177 	if (!privileged) {
178 		debug("restore_uid: (unprivileged)");
179 		return;
180 	}
181 	if (!temporarily_use_uid_effective)
182 		fatal("restore_uid: temporarily_use_uid not effective");
183 
184 #ifdef SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID
185 	debug("restore_uid: %u/%u", (u_int)saved_euid, (u_int)saved_egid);
186 	/* Set the effective uid back to the saved privileged uid. */
187 	if (seteuid(saved_euid) < 0)
188 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)saved_euid, strerror(errno));
189 	if (setegid(saved_egid) < 0)
190 		fatal("setegid %u: %.100s", (u_int)saved_egid, strerror(errno));
191 #else /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
192 	/*
193 	 * We are unable to restore the real uid to its unprivileged value.
194 	 * Propagate the real uid (usually more privileged) to effective uid
195 	 * as well.
196 	 */
197 	setuid(getuid());
198 	setgid(getgid());
199 #endif /* SAVED_IDS_WORK_WITH_SETEUID */
200 
201 	if (setgroups(saved_egroupslen, saved_egroups) < 0)
202 		fatal("setgroups: %.100s", strerror(errno));
203 	temporarily_use_uid_effective = 0;
204 }
205 
206 /*
207  * Permanently sets all uids to the given uid.  This cannot be
208  * called while temporarily_use_uid is effective.
209  */
210 void
211 permanently_set_uid(struct passwd *pw)
212 {
213 	uid_t old_uid = getuid();
214 	gid_t old_gid = getgid();
215 
216 	if (pw == NULL)
217 		fatal("permanently_set_uid: no user given");
218 	if (temporarily_use_uid_effective)
219 		fatal("permanently_set_uid: temporarily_use_uid effective");
220 	debug("permanently_set_uid: %u/%u", (u_int)pw->pw_uid,
221 	    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
222 
223 #if defined(HAVE_SETRESGID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETRESGID)
224 	if (setresgid(pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
225 		fatal("setresgid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
226 #elif defined(HAVE_SETREGID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETREGID)
227 	if (setregid(pw->pw_gid, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
228 		fatal("setregid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
229 #else
230 	if (setegid(pw->pw_gid) < 0)
231 		fatal("setegid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
232 	if (setgid(pw->pw_gid) < 0)
233 		fatal("setgid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
234 #endif
235 
236 #ifdef __APPLE__
237 	/*
238 	 * OS X requires initgroups after setgid to opt back into
239 	 * memberd support for >16 supplemental groups.
240 	 */
241 	if (initgroups(pw->pw_name, pw->pw_gid) < 0)
242 		fatal("initgroups %.100s %u: %.100s",
243 		    pw->pw_name, (u_int)pw->pw_gid, strerror(errno));
244 #endif
245 
246 #if defined(HAVE_SETRESUID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETRESUID)
247 	if (setresuid(pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid) < 0)
248 		fatal("setresuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid, strerror(errno));
249 #elif defined(HAVE_SETREUID) && !defined(BROKEN_SETREUID)
250 	if (setreuid(pw->pw_uid, pw->pw_uid) < 0)
251 		fatal("setreuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid, strerror(errno));
252 #else
253 # ifndef SETEUID_BREAKS_SETUID
254 	if (seteuid(pw->pw_uid) < 0)
255 		fatal("seteuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid, strerror(errno));
256 # endif
257 	if (setuid(pw->pw_uid) < 0)
258 		fatal("setuid %u: %.100s", (u_int)pw->pw_uid, strerror(errno));
259 #endif
260 
261 #ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
262 	/* Try restoration of GID if changed (test clearing of saved gid) */
263 	if (old_gid != pw->pw_gid && pw->pw_uid != 0 &&
264 	    (setgid(old_gid) != -1 || setegid(old_gid) != -1))
265 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]gid", __func__);
266 #endif
267 
268 	/* Verify GID drop was successful */
269 	if (getgid() != pw->pw_gid || getegid() != pw->pw_gid) {
270 		fatal("%s: egid incorrect gid:%u egid:%u (should be %u)",
271 		    __func__, (u_int)getgid(), (u_int)getegid(),
272 		    (u_int)pw->pw_gid);
273 	}
274 
275 #ifndef HAVE_CYGWIN
276 	/* Try restoration of UID if changed (test clearing of saved uid) */
277 	if (old_uid != pw->pw_uid &&
278 	    (setuid(old_uid) != -1 || seteuid(old_uid) != -1))
279 		fatal("%s: was able to restore old [e]uid", __func__);
280 #endif
281 
282 	/* Verify UID drop was successful */
283 	if (getuid() != pw->pw_uid || geteuid() != pw->pw_uid) {
284 		fatal("%s: euid incorrect uid:%u euid:%u (should be %u)",
285 		    __func__, (u_int)getuid(), (u_int)geteuid(),
286 		    (u_int)pw->pw_uid);
287 	}
288 }
289