xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshkey.c (revision eccfee6ebc28c335f2a2b9db7736dc1961131b04)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.20 2015/07/03 03:43:18 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander von Gernler.  All rights reserved.
5  * Copyright (c) 2010,2011 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include "includes.h"
29 
30 #include <sys/param.h>	/* MIN MAX */
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <netinet/in.h>
33 
34 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
35 #include <openssl/evp.h>
36 #include <openssl/err.h>
37 #include <openssl/pem.h>
38 #endif
39 
40 #include "crypto_api.h"
41 
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <limits.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include <resolv.h>
47 #ifdef HAVE_UTIL_H
48 #include <util.h>
49 #endif /* HAVE_UTIL_H */
50 
51 #include "ssh2.h"
52 #include "ssherr.h"
53 #include "misc.h"
54 #include "sshbuf.h"
55 #include "rsa.h"
56 #include "cipher.h"
57 #include "digest.h"
58 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
59 #include "sshkey.h"
60 #include "match.h"
61 
62 /* openssh private key file format */
63 #define MARK_BEGIN		"-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
64 #define MARK_END		"-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n"
65 #define MARK_BEGIN_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_BEGIN) - 1)
66 #define MARK_END_LEN		(sizeof(MARK_END) - 1)
67 #define KDFNAME			"bcrypt"
68 #define AUTH_MAGIC		"openssh-key-v1"
69 #define SALT_LEN		16
70 #define DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME	"aes256-cbc"
71 #define	DEFAULT_ROUNDS		16
72 
73 /* Version identification string for SSH v1 identity files. */
74 #define LEGACY_BEGIN		"SSH PRIVATE KEY FILE FORMAT 1.1\n"
75 
76 static int sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *buf,
77     struct sshkey **keyp, int allow_cert);
78 
79 /* Supported key types */
80 struct keytype {
81 	const char *name;
82 	const char *shortname;
83 	int type;
84 	int nid;
85 	int cert;
86 };
87 static const struct keytype keytypes[] = {
88 	{ "ssh-ed25519", "ED25519", KEY_ED25519, 0, 0 },
89 	{ "ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ED25519-CERT",
90 	    KEY_ED25519_CERT, 0, 1 },
91 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
92 	{ NULL, "RSA1", KEY_RSA1, 0, 0 },
93 	{ "ssh-rsa", "RSA", KEY_RSA, 0, 0 },
94 	{ "ssh-dss", "DSA", KEY_DSA, 0, 0 },
95 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
96 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256", "ECDSA", KEY_ECDSA, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 0 },
97 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384", "ECDSA", KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp384r1, 0 },
98 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
99 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521", "ECDSA", KEY_ECDSA, NID_secp521r1, 0 },
100 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
101 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
102 	{ "ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com", "RSA-CERT", KEY_RSA_CERT, 0, 1 },
103 	{ "ssh-dss-cert-v01@openssh.com", "DSA-CERT", KEY_DSA_CERT, 0, 1 },
104 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
105 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT",
106 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_X9_62_prime256v1, 1 },
107 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT",
108 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp384r1, 1 },
109 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
110 	{ "ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com", "ECDSA-CERT",
111 	    KEY_ECDSA_CERT, NID_secp521r1, 1 },
112 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
113 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
114 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
115 	{ NULL, NULL, -1, -1, 0 }
116 };
117 
118 const char *
119 sshkey_type(const struct sshkey *k)
120 {
121 	const struct keytype *kt;
122 
123 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
124 		if (kt->type == k->type)
125 			return kt->shortname;
126 	}
127 	return "unknown";
128 }
129 
130 static const char *
131 sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(int type, int nid)
132 {
133 	const struct keytype *kt;
134 
135 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
136 		if (kt->type == type && (kt->nid == 0 || kt->nid == nid))
137 			return kt->name;
138 	}
139 	return "ssh-unknown";
140 }
141 
142 int
143 sshkey_type_is_cert(int type)
144 {
145 	const struct keytype *kt;
146 
147 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
148 		if (kt->type == type)
149 			return kt->cert;
150 	}
151 	return 0;
152 }
153 
154 const char *
155 sshkey_ssh_name(const struct sshkey *k)
156 {
157 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(k->type, k->ecdsa_nid);
158 }
159 
160 const char *
161 sshkey_ssh_name_plain(const struct sshkey *k)
162 {
163 	return sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(sshkey_type_plain(k->type),
164 	    k->ecdsa_nid);
165 }
166 
167 int
168 sshkey_type_from_name(const char *name)
169 {
170 	const struct keytype *kt;
171 
172 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
173 		/* Only allow shortname matches for plain key types */
174 		if ((kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0) ||
175 		    (!kt->cert && strcasecmp(kt->shortname, name) == 0))
176 			return kt->type;
177 	}
178 	return KEY_UNSPEC;
179 }
180 
181 int
182 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *name)
183 {
184 	const struct keytype *kt;
185 
186 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
187 		if (kt->type != KEY_ECDSA && kt->type != KEY_ECDSA_CERT)
188 			continue;
189 		if (kt->name != NULL && strcmp(name, kt->name) == 0)
190 			return kt->nid;
191 	}
192 	return -1;
193 }
194 
195 char *
196 key_alg_list(int certs_only, int plain_only)
197 {
198 	char *tmp, *ret = NULL;
199 	size_t nlen, rlen = 0;
200 	const struct keytype *kt;
201 
202 	for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
203 		if (kt->name == NULL)
204 			continue;
205 		if ((certs_only && !kt->cert) || (plain_only && kt->cert))
206 			continue;
207 		if (ret != NULL)
208 			ret[rlen++] = '\n';
209 		nlen = strlen(kt->name);
210 		if ((tmp = realloc(ret, rlen + nlen + 2)) == NULL) {
211 			free(ret);
212 			return NULL;
213 		}
214 		ret = tmp;
215 		memcpy(ret + rlen, kt->name, nlen + 1);
216 		rlen += nlen;
217 	}
218 	return ret;
219 }
220 
221 int
222 sshkey_names_valid2(const char *names, int allow_wildcard)
223 {
224 	char *s, *cp, *p;
225 	const struct keytype *kt;
226 	int type;
227 
228 	if (names == NULL || strcmp(names, "") == 0)
229 		return 0;
230 	if ((s = cp = strdup(names)) == NULL)
231 		return 0;
232 	for ((p = strsep(&cp, ",")); p && *p != '\0';
233 	    (p = strsep(&cp, ","))) {
234 		type = sshkey_type_from_name(p);
235 		if (type == KEY_RSA1) {
236 			free(s);
237 			return 0;
238 		}
239 		if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
240 			if (allow_wildcard) {
241 				/*
242 				 * Try matching key types against the string.
243 				 * If any has a positive or negative match then
244 				 * the component is accepted.
245 				 */
246 				for (kt = keytypes; kt->type != -1; kt++) {
247 					if (kt->type == KEY_RSA1)
248 						continue;
249 					if (match_pattern_list(kt->name,
250 					    p, 0) != 0)
251 						break;
252 				}
253 				if (kt->type != -1)
254 					continue;
255 			}
256 			free(s);
257 			return 0;
258 		}
259 	}
260 	free(s);
261 	return 1;
262 }
263 
264 u_int
265 sshkey_size(const struct sshkey *k)
266 {
267 	switch (k->type) {
268 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
269 	case KEY_RSA1:
270 	case KEY_RSA:
271 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
272 		return BN_num_bits(k->rsa->n);
273 	case KEY_DSA:
274 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
275 		return BN_num_bits(k->dsa->p);
276 	case KEY_ECDSA:
277 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
278 		return sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(k->ecdsa_nid);
279 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
280 	case KEY_ED25519:
281 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
282 		return 256;	/* XXX */
283 	}
284 	return 0;
285 }
286 
287 static int
288 sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(int type)
289 {
290 	switch (type) {
291 	case KEY_RSA:
292 	case KEY_DSA:
293 	case KEY_ECDSA:
294 	case KEY_ED25519:
295 		return 1;
296 	default:
297 		return 0;
298 	}
299 }
300 
301 int
302 sshkey_is_cert(const struct sshkey *k)
303 {
304 	if (k == NULL)
305 		return 0;
306 	return sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type);
307 }
308 
309 /* Return the cert-less equivalent to a certified key type */
310 int
311 sshkey_type_plain(int type)
312 {
313 	switch (type) {
314 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
315 		return KEY_RSA;
316 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
317 		return KEY_DSA;
318 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
319 		return KEY_ECDSA;
320 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
321 		return KEY_ED25519;
322 	default:
323 		return type;
324 	}
325 }
326 
327 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
328 /* XXX: these are really begging for a table-driven approach */
329 int
330 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *name)
331 {
332 	if (strcmp(name, "nistp256") == 0)
333 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
334 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp384") == 0)
335 		return NID_secp384r1;
336 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
337 	else if (strcmp(name, "nistp521") == 0)
338 		return NID_secp521r1;
339 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
340 	else
341 		return -1;
342 }
343 
344 u_int
345 sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(int nid)
346 {
347 	switch (nid) {
348 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
349 		return 256;
350 	case NID_secp384r1:
351 		return 384;
352 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
353 	case NID_secp521r1:
354 		return 521;
355 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
356 	default:
357 		return 0;
358 	}
359 }
360 
361 int
362 sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(int bits)
363 {
364 	switch (bits) {
365 	case 256:
366 		return NID_X9_62_prime256v1;
367 	case 384:
368 		return NID_secp384r1;
369 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
370 	case 521:
371 		return NID_secp521r1;
372 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
373 	default:
374 		return -1;
375 	}
376 }
377 
378 const char *
379 sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(int nid)
380 {
381 	switch (nid) {
382 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
383 		return "nistp256";
384 	case NID_secp384r1:
385 		return "nistp384";
386 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
387 	case NID_secp521r1:
388 		return "nistp521";
389 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
390 	default:
391 		return NULL;
392 	}
393 }
394 
395 int
396 sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(int nid)
397 {
398 	int kbits = sshkey_curve_nid_to_bits(nid);
399 
400 	if (kbits <= 0)
401 		return -1;
402 
403 	/* RFC5656 section 6.2.1 */
404 	if (kbits <= 256)
405 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA256;
406 	else if (kbits <= 384)
407 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA384;
408 	else
409 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA512;
410 }
411 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
412 
413 static void
414 cert_free(struct sshkey_cert *cert)
415 {
416 	u_int i;
417 
418 	if (cert == NULL)
419 		return;
420 	if (cert->certblob != NULL)
421 		sshbuf_free(cert->certblob);
422 	if (cert->critical != NULL)
423 		sshbuf_free(cert->critical);
424 	if (cert->extensions != NULL)
425 		sshbuf_free(cert->extensions);
426 	if (cert->key_id != NULL)
427 		free(cert->key_id);
428 	for (i = 0; i < cert->nprincipals; i++)
429 		free(cert->principals[i]);
430 	if (cert->principals != NULL)
431 		free(cert->principals);
432 	if (cert->signature_key != NULL)
433 		sshkey_free(cert->signature_key);
434 	explicit_bzero(cert, sizeof(*cert));
435 	free(cert);
436 }
437 
438 static struct sshkey_cert *
439 cert_new(void)
440 {
441 	struct sshkey_cert *cert;
442 
443 	if ((cert = calloc(1, sizeof(*cert))) == NULL)
444 		return NULL;
445 	if ((cert->certblob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
446 	    (cert->critical = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
447 	    (cert->extensions = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
448 		cert_free(cert);
449 		return NULL;
450 	}
451 	cert->key_id = NULL;
452 	cert->principals = NULL;
453 	cert->signature_key = NULL;
454 	return cert;
455 }
456 
457 struct sshkey *
458 sshkey_new(int type)
459 {
460 	struct sshkey *k;
461 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
462 	RSA *rsa;
463 	DSA *dsa;
464 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
465 
466 	if ((k = calloc(1, sizeof(*k))) == NULL)
467 		return NULL;
468 	k->type = type;
469 	k->ecdsa = NULL;
470 	k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
471 	k->dsa = NULL;
472 	k->rsa = NULL;
473 	k->cert = NULL;
474 	k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
475 	k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
476 	switch (k->type) {
477 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
478 	case KEY_RSA1:
479 	case KEY_RSA:
480 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
481 		if ((rsa = RSA_new()) == NULL ||
482 		    (rsa->n = BN_new()) == NULL ||
483 		    (rsa->e = BN_new()) == NULL) {
484 			if (rsa != NULL)
485 				RSA_free(rsa);
486 			free(k);
487 			return NULL;
488 		}
489 		k->rsa = rsa;
490 		break;
491 	case KEY_DSA:
492 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
493 		if ((dsa = DSA_new()) == NULL ||
494 		    (dsa->p = BN_new()) == NULL ||
495 		    (dsa->q = BN_new()) == NULL ||
496 		    (dsa->g = BN_new()) == NULL ||
497 		    (dsa->pub_key = BN_new()) == NULL) {
498 			if (dsa != NULL)
499 				DSA_free(dsa);
500 			free(k);
501 			return NULL;
502 		}
503 		k->dsa = dsa;
504 		break;
505 	case KEY_ECDSA:
506 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
507 		/* Cannot do anything until we know the group */
508 		break;
509 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
510 	case KEY_ED25519:
511 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
512 		/* no need to prealloc */
513 		break;
514 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
515 		break;
516 	default:
517 		free(k);
518 		return NULL;
519 		break;
520 	}
521 
522 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
523 		if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL) {
524 			sshkey_free(k);
525 			return NULL;
526 		}
527 	}
528 
529 	return k;
530 }
531 
532 int
533 sshkey_add_private(struct sshkey *k)
534 {
535 	switch (k->type) {
536 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
537 	case KEY_RSA1:
538 	case KEY_RSA:
539 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
540 #define bn_maybe_alloc_failed(p) (p == NULL && (p = BN_new()) == NULL)
541 		if (bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->d) ||
542 		    bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->iqmp) ||
543 		    bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->q) ||
544 		    bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->p) ||
545 		    bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->dmq1) ||
546 		    bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->rsa->dmp1))
547 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
548 		break;
549 	case KEY_DSA:
550 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
551 		if (bn_maybe_alloc_failed(k->dsa->priv_key))
552 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
553 		break;
554 #undef bn_maybe_alloc_failed
555 	case KEY_ECDSA:
556 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
557 		/* Cannot do anything until we know the group */
558 		break;
559 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
560 	case KEY_ED25519:
561 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
562 		/* no need to prealloc */
563 		break;
564 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
565 		break;
566 	default:
567 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
568 	}
569 	return 0;
570 }
571 
572 struct sshkey *
573 sshkey_new_private(int type)
574 {
575 	struct sshkey *k = sshkey_new(type);
576 
577 	if (k == NULL)
578 		return NULL;
579 	if (sshkey_add_private(k) != 0) {
580 		sshkey_free(k);
581 		return NULL;
582 	}
583 	return k;
584 }
585 
586 void
587 sshkey_free(struct sshkey *k)
588 {
589 	if (k == NULL)
590 		return;
591 	switch (k->type) {
592 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
593 	case KEY_RSA1:
594 	case KEY_RSA:
595 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
596 		if (k->rsa != NULL)
597 			RSA_free(k->rsa);
598 		k->rsa = NULL;
599 		break;
600 	case KEY_DSA:
601 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
602 		if (k->dsa != NULL)
603 			DSA_free(k->dsa);
604 		k->dsa = NULL;
605 		break;
606 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
607 	case KEY_ECDSA:
608 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
609 		if (k->ecdsa != NULL)
610 			EC_KEY_free(k->ecdsa);
611 		k->ecdsa = NULL;
612 		break;
613 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
614 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
615 	case KEY_ED25519:
616 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
617 		if (k->ed25519_pk) {
618 			explicit_bzero(k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
619 			free(k->ed25519_pk);
620 			k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
621 		}
622 		if (k->ed25519_sk) {
623 			explicit_bzero(k->ed25519_sk, ED25519_SK_SZ);
624 			free(k->ed25519_sk);
625 			k->ed25519_sk = NULL;
626 		}
627 		break;
628 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
629 		break;
630 	default:
631 		break;
632 	}
633 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k))
634 		cert_free(k->cert);
635 	explicit_bzero(k, sizeof(*k));
636 	free(k);
637 }
638 
639 static int
640 cert_compare(struct sshkey_cert *a, struct sshkey_cert *b)
641 {
642 	if (a == NULL && b == NULL)
643 		return 1;
644 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL)
645 		return 0;
646 	if (sshbuf_len(a->certblob) != sshbuf_len(b->certblob))
647 		return 0;
648 	if (timingsafe_bcmp(sshbuf_ptr(a->certblob), sshbuf_ptr(b->certblob),
649 	    sshbuf_len(a->certblob)) != 0)
650 		return 0;
651 	return 1;
652 }
653 
654 /*
655  * Compare public portions of key only, allowing comparisons between
656  * certificates and plain keys too.
657  */
658 int
659 sshkey_equal_public(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
660 {
661 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
662 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
663 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
664 
665 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL ||
666 	    sshkey_type_plain(a->type) != sshkey_type_plain(b->type))
667 		return 0;
668 
669 	switch (a->type) {
670 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
671 	case KEY_RSA1:
672 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
673 	case KEY_RSA:
674 		return a->rsa != NULL && b->rsa != NULL &&
675 		    BN_cmp(a->rsa->e, b->rsa->e) == 0 &&
676 		    BN_cmp(a->rsa->n, b->rsa->n) == 0;
677 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
678 	case KEY_DSA:
679 		return a->dsa != NULL && b->dsa != NULL &&
680 		    BN_cmp(a->dsa->p, b->dsa->p) == 0 &&
681 		    BN_cmp(a->dsa->q, b->dsa->q) == 0 &&
682 		    BN_cmp(a->dsa->g, b->dsa->g) == 0 &&
683 		    BN_cmp(a->dsa->pub_key, b->dsa->pub_key) == 0;
684 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
685 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
686 	case KEY_ECDSA:
687 		if (a->ecdsa == NULL || b->ecdsa == NULL ||
688 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa) == NULL ||
689 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa) == NULL)
690 			return 0;
691 		if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
692 			return 0;
693 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
694 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(b->ecdsa), bnctx) != 0 ||
695 		    EC_POINT_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa),
696 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa),
697 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa), bnctx) != 0) {
698 			BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
699 			return 0;
700 		}
701 		BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
702 		return 1;
703 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
704 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
705 	case KEY_ED25519:
706 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
707 		return a->ed25519_pk != NULL && b->ed25519_pk != NULL &&
708 		    memcmp(a->ed25519_pk, b->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ) == 0;
709 	default:
710 		return 0;
711 	}
712 	/* NOTREACHED */
713 }
714 
715 int
716 sshkey_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
717 {
718 	if (a == NULL || b == NULL || a->type != b->type)
719 		return 0;
720 	if (sshkey_is_cert(a)) {
721 		if (!cert_compare(a->cert, b->cert))
722 			return 0;
723 	}
724 	return sshkey_equal_public(a, b);
725 }
726 
727 static int
728 to_blob_buf(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b, int force_plain)
729 {
730 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
731 	const char *typename;
732 
733 	if (key == NULL)
734 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
735 
736 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
737 		if (key->cert == NULL)
738 			return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
739 		if (sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0)
740 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_LACKS_CERTBLOB;
741 	}
742 	type = force_plain ? sshkey_type_plain(key->type) : key->type;
743 	typename = sshkey_ssh_name_from_type_nid(type, key->ecdsa_nid);
744 
745 	switch (type) {
746 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
747 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
748 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
749 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
750 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
751 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
752 		/* Use the existing blob */
753 		/* XXX modified flag? */
754 		if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0)
755 			return ret;
756 		break;
757 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
758 	case KEY_DSA:
759 		if (key->dsa == NULL)
760 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
761 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
762 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->p)) != 0 ||
763 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->q)) != 0 ||
764 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->g)) != 0 ||
765 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->pub_key)) != 0)
766 			return ret;
767 		break;
768 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
769 	case KEY_ECDSA:
770 		if (key->ecdsa == NULL)
771 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
772 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
773 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
774 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
775 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0)
776 			return ret;
777 		break;
778 # endif
779 	case KEY_RSA:
780 		if (key->rsa == NULL)
781 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
782 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
783 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->e)) != 0 ||
784 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->n)) != 0)
785 			return ret;
786 		break;
787 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
788 	case KEY_ED25519:
789 		if (key->ed25519_pk == NULL)
790 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
791 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, typename)) != 0 ||
792 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b,
793 		    key->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
794 			return ret;
795 		break;
796 	default:
797 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
798 	}
799 	return 0;
800 }
801 
802 int
803 sshkey_putb(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
804 {
805 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 0);
806 }
807 
808 int
809 sshkey_puts(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
810 {
811 	struct sshbuf *tmp;
812 	int r;
813 
814 	if ((tmp = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
815 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
816 	r = to_blob_buf(key, tmp, 0);
817 	if (r == 0)
818 		r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, tmp);
819 	sshbuf_free(tmp);
820 	return r;
821 }
822 
823 int
824 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
825 {
826 	return to_blob_buf(key, b, 1);
827 }
828 
829 static int
830 to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp, int force_plain)
831 {
832 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
833 	size_t len;
834 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
835 
836 	if (lenp != NULL)
837 		*lenp = 0;
838 	if (blobp != NULL)
839 		*blobp = NULL;
840 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
841 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
842 	if ((ret = to_blob_buf(key, b, force_plain)) != 0)
843 		goto out;
844 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
845 	if (lenp != NULL)
846 		*lenp = len;
847 	if (blobp != NULL) {
848 		if ((*blobp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
849 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
850 			goto out;
851 		}
852 		memcpy(*blobp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
853 	}
854 	ret = 0;
855  out:
856 	sshbuf_free(b);
857 	return ret;
858 }
859 
860 int
861 sshkey_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
862 {
863 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 0);
864 }
865 
866 int
867 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **blobp, size_t *lenp)
868 {
869 	return to_blob(key, blobp, lenp, 1);
870 }
871 
872 int
873 sshkey_fingerprint_raw(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
874     u_char **retp, size_t *lenp)
875 {
876 	u_char *blob = NULL, *ret = NULL;
877 	size_t blob_len = 0;
878 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
879 
880 	if (retp != NULL)
881 		*retp = NULL;
882 	if (lenp != NULL)
883 		*lenp = 0;
884 	if (ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg) == 0) {
885 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
886 		goto out;
887 	}
888 
889 	if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
890 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
891 		int nlen = BN_num_bytes(k->rsa->n);
892 		int elen = BN_num_bytes(k->rsa->e);
893 
894 		blob_len = nlen + elen;
895 		if (nlen >= INT_MAX - elen ||
896 		    (blob = malloc(blob_len)) == NULL) {
897 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
898 			goto out;
899 		}
900 		BN_bn2bin(k->rsa->n, blob);
901 		BN_bn2bin(k->rsa->e, blob + nlen);
902 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
903 	} else if ((r = to_blob(k, &blob, &blob_len, 1)) != 0)
904 		goto out;
905 	if ((ret = calloc(1, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) == NULL) {
906 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
907 		goto out;
908 	}
909 	if ((r = ssh_digest_memory(dgst_alg, blob, blob_len,
910 	    ret, SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH)) != 0)
911 		goto out;
912 	/* success */
913 	if (retp != NULL) {
914 		*retp = ret;
915 		ret = NULL;
916 	}
917 	if (lenp != NULL)
918 		*lenp = ssh_digest_bytes(dgst_alg);
919 	r = 0;
920  out:
921 	free(ret);
922 	if (blob != NULL) {
923 		explicit_bzero(blob, blob_len);
924 		free(blob);
925 	}
926 	return r;
927 }
928 
929 static char *
930 fingerprint_b64(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
931 {
932 	char *ret;
933 	size_t plen = strlen(alg) + 1;
934 	size_t rlen = ((dgst_raw_len + 2) / 3) * 4 + plen + 1;
935 	int r;
936 
937 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (ret = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
938 		return NULL;
939 	strlcpy(ret, alg, rlen);
940 	strlcat(ret, ":", rlen);
941 	if (dgst_raw_len == 0)
942 		return ret;
943 	if ((r = b64_ntop(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len,
944 	    ret + plen, rlen - plen)) == -1) {
945 		explicit_bzero(ret, rlen);
946 		free(ret);
947 		return NULL;
948 	}
949 	/* Trim padding characters from end */
950 	ret[strcspn(ret, "=")] = '\0';
951 	return ret;
952 }
953 
954 static char *
955 fingerprint_hex(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
956 {
957 	char *retval, hex[5];
958 	size_t i, rlen = dgst_raw_len * 3 + strlen(alg) + 2;
959 
960 	if (dgst_raw_len > 65536 || (retval = calloc(1, rlen)) == NULL)
961 		return NULL;
962 	strlcpy(retval, alg, rlen);
963 	strlcat(retval, ":", rlen);
964 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
965 		snprintf(hex, sizeof(hex), "%s%02x",
966 		    i > 0 ? ":" : "", dgst_raw[i]);
967 		strlcat(retval, hex, rlen);
968 	}
969 	return retval;
970 }
971 
972 static char *
973 fingerprint_bubblebabble(u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len)
974 {
975 	char vowels[] = { 'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u', 'y' };
976 	char consonants[] = { 'b', 'c', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'k', 'l', 'm',
977 	    'n', 'p', 'r', 's', 't', 'v', 'z', 'x' };
978 	u_int i, j = 0, rounds, seed = 1;
979 	char *retval;
980 
981 	rounds = (dgst_raw_len / 2) + 1;
982 	if ((retval = calloc(rounds, 6)) == NULL)
983 		return NULL;
984 	retval[j++] = 'x';
985 	for (i = 0; i < rounds; i++) {
986 		u_int idx0, idx1, idx2, idx3, idx4;
987 		if ((i + 1 < rounds) || (dgst_raw_len % 2 != 0)) {
988 			idx0 = (((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 6) & 3) +
989 			    seed) % 6;
990 			idx1 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) >> 2) & 15;
991 			idx2 = ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) & 3) +
992 			    (seed / 6)) % 6;
993 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
994 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
995 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
996 			if ((i + 1) < rounds) {
997 				idx3 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])) >> 4) & 15;
998 				idx4 = (((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1]))) & 15;
999 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx3];
1000 				retval[j++] = '-';
1001 				retval[j++] = consonants[idx4];
1002 				seed = ((seed * 5) +
1003 				    ((((u_int)(dgst_raw[2 * i])) * 7) +
1004 				    ((u_int)(dgst_raw[(2 * i) + 1])))) % 36;
1005 			}
1006 		} else {
1007 			idx0 = seed % 6;
1008 			idx1 = 16;
1009 			idx2 = seed / 6;
1010 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx0];
1011 			retval[j++] = consonants[idx1];
1012 			retval[j++] = vowels[idx2];
1013 		}
1014 	}
1015 	retval[j++] = 'x';
1016 	retval[j++] = '\0';
1017 	return retval;
1018 }
1019 
1020 /*
1021  * Draw an ASCII-Art representing the fingerprint so human brain can
1022  * profit from its built-in pattern recognition ability.
1023  * This technique is called "random art" and can be found in some
1024  * scientific publications like this original paper:
1025  *
1026  * "Hash Visualization: a New Technique to improve Real-World Security",
1027  * Perrig A. and Song D., 1999, International Workshop on Cryptographic
1028  * Techniques and E-Commerce (CrypTEC '99)
1029  * sparrow.ece.cmu.edu/~adrian/projects/validation/validation.pdf
1030  *
1031  * The subject came up in a talk by Dan Kaminsky, too.
1032  *
1033  * If you see the picture is different, the key is different.
1034  * If the picture looks the same, you still know nothing.
1035  *
1036  * The algorithm used here is a worm crawling over a discrete plane,
1037  * leaving a trace (augmenting the field) everywhere it goes.
1038  * Movement is taken from dgst_raw 2bit-wise.  Bumping into walls
1039  * makes the respective movement vector be ignored for this turn.
1040  * Graphs are not unambiguous, because circles in graphs can be
1041  * walked in either direction.
1042  */
1043 
1044 /*
1045  * Field sizes for the random art.  Have to be odd, so the starting point
1046  * can be in the exact middle of the picture, and FLDBASE should be >=8 .
1047  * Else pictures would be too dense, and drawing the frame would
1048  * fail, too, because the key type would not fit in anymore.
1049  */
1050 #define	FLDBASE		8
1051 #define	FLDSIZE_Y	(FLDBASE + 1)
1052 #define	FLDSIZE_X	(FLDBASE * 2 + 1)
1053 static char *
1054 fingerprint_randomart(const char *alg, u_char *dgst_raw, size_t dgst_raw_len,
1055     const struct sshkey *k)
1056 {
1057 	/*
1058 	 * Chars to be used after each other every time the worm
1059 	 * intersects with itself.  Matter of taste.
1060 	 */
1061 	char	*augmentation_string = " .o+=*BOX@%&#/^SE";
1062 	char	*retval, *p, title[FLDSIZE_X], hash[FLDSIZE_X];
1063 	u_char	 field[FLDSIZE_X][FLDSIZE_Y];
1064 	size_t	 i, tlen, hlen;
1065 	u_int	 b;
1066 	int	 x, y, r;
1067 	size_t	 len = strlen(augmentation_string) - 1;
1068 
1069 	if ((retval = calloc((FLDSIZE_X + 3), (FLDSIZE_Y + 2))) == NULL)
1070 		return NULL;
1071 
1072 	/* initialize field */
1073 	memset(field, 0, FLDSIZE_X * FLDSIZE_Y * sizeof(char));
1074 	x = FLDSIZE_X / 2;
1075 	y = FLDSIZE_Y / 2;
1076 
1077 	/* process raw key */
1078 	for (i = 0; i < dgst_raw_len; i++) {
1079 		int input;
1080 		/* each byte conveys four 2-bit move commands */
1081 		input = dgst_raw[i];
1082 		for (b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
1083 			/* evaluate 2 bit, rest is shifted later */
1084 			x += (input & 0x1) ? 1 : -1;
1085 			y += (input & 0x2) ? 1 : -1;
1086 
1087 			/* assure we are still in bounds */
1088 			x = MAX(x, 0);
1089 			y = MAX(y, 0);
1090 			x = MIN(x, FLDSIZE_X - 1);
1091 			y = MIN(y, FLDSIZE_Y - 1);
1092 
1093 			/* augment the field */
1094 			if (field[x][y] < len - 2)
1095 				field[x][y]++;
1096 			input = input >> 2;
1097 		}
1098 	}
1099 
1100 	/* mark starting point and end point*/
1101 	field[FLDSIZE_X / 2][FLDSIZE_Y / 2] = len - 1;
1102 	field[x][y] = len;
1103 
1104 	/* assemble title */
1105 	r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s %u]",
1106 		sshkey_type(k), sshkey_size(k));
1107 	/* If [type size] won't fit, then try [type]; fits "[ED25519-CERT]" */
1108 	if (r < 0 || r > (int)sizeof(title))
1109 		r = snprintf(title, sizeof(title), "[%s]", sshkey_type(k));
1110 	tlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(title);
1111 
1112 	/* assemble hash ID. */
1113 	r = snprintf(hash, sizeof(hash), "[%s]", alg);
1114 	hlen = (r <= 0) ? 0 : strlen(hash);
1115 
1116 	/* output upper border */
1117 	p = retval;
1118 	*p++ = '+';
1119 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - tlen) / 2; i++)
1120 		*p++ = '-';
1121 	memcpy(p, title, tlen);
1122 	p += tlen;
1123 	for (i += tlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1124 		*p++ = '-';
1125 	*p++ = '+';
1126 	*p++ = '\n';
1127 
1128 	/* output content */
1129 	for (y = 0; y < FLDSIZE_Y; y++) {
1130 		*p++ = '|';
1131 		for (x = 0; x < FLDSIZE_X; x++)
1132 			*p++ = augmentation_string[MIN(field[x][y], len)];
1133 		*p++ = '|';
1134 		*p++ = '\n';
1135 	}
1136 
1137 	/* output lower border */
1138 	*p++ = '+';
1139 	for (i = 0; i < (FLDSIZE_X - hlen) / 2; i++)
1140 		*p++ = '-';
1141 	memcpy(p, hash, hlen);
1142 	p += hlen;
1143 	for (i += hlen; i < FLDSIZE_X; i++)
1144 		*p++ = '-';
1145 	*p++ = '+';
1146 
1147 	return retval;
1148 }
1149 
1150 char *
1151 sshkey_fingerprint(const struct sshkey *k, int dgst_alg,
1152     enum sshkey_fp_rep dgst_rep)
1153 {
1154 	char *retval = NULL;
1155 	u_char *dgst_raw;
1156 	size_t dgst_raw_len;
1157 
1158 	if (sshkey_fingerprint_raw(k, dgst_alg, &dgst_raw, &dgst_raw_len) != 0)
1159 		return NULL;
1160 	switch (dgst_rep) {
1161 	case SSH_FP_DEFAULT:
1162 		if (dgst_alg == SSH_DIGEST_MD5) {
1163 			retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1164 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1165 		} else {
1166 			retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1167 			    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1168 		}
1169 		break;
1170 	case SSH_FP_HEX:
1171 		retval = fingerprint_hex(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1172 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1173 		break;
1174 	case SSH_FP_BASE64:
1175 		retval = fingerprint_b64(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1176 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1177 		break;
1178 	case SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE:
1179 		retval = fingerprint_bubblebabble(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1180 		break;
1181 	case SSH_FP_RANDOMART:
1182 		retval = fingerprint_randomart(ssh_digest_alg_name(dgst_alg),
1183 		    dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len, k);
1184 		break;
1185 	default:
1186 		explicit_bzero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1187 		free(dgst_raw);
1188 		return NULL;
1189 	}
1190 	explicit_bzero(dgst_raw, dgst_raw_len);
1191 	free(dgst_raw);
1192 	return retval;
1193 }
1194 
1195 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
1196 /*
1197  * Reads a multiple-precision integer in decimal from the buffer, and advances
1198  * the pointer.  The integer must already be initialized.  This function is
1199  * permitted to modify the buffer.  This leaves *cpp to point just beyond the
1200  * last processed character.
1201  */
1202 static int
1203 read_decimal_bignum(char **cpp, BIGNUM *v)
1204 {
1205 	char *cp;
1206 	size_t e;
1207 	int skip = 1;	/* skip white space */
1208 
1209 	cp = *cpp;
1210 	while (*cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t')
1211 		cp++;
1212 	e = strspn(cp, "0123456789");
1213 	if (e == 0)
1214 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1215 	if (e > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM * 3)
1216 		return SSH_ERR_BIGNUM_TOO_LARGE;
1217 	if (cp[e] == '\0')
1218 		skip = 0;
1219 	else if (index(" \t\r\n", cp[e]) == NULL)
1220 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1221 	cp[e] = '\0';
1222 	if (BN_dec2bn(&v, cp) <= 0)
1223 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1224 	*cpp = cp + e + skip;
1225 	return 0;
1226 }
1227 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
1228 
1229 /* returns 0 ok, and < 0 error */
1230 int
1231 sshkey_read(struct sshkey *ret, char **cpp)
1232 {
1233 	struct sshkey *k;
1234 	int retval = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1235 	char *cp, *space;
1236 	int r, type, curve_nid = -1;
1237 	struct sshbuf *blob;
1238 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
1239 	char *ep;
1240 	u_long bits;
1241 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
1242 
1243 	cp = *cpp;
1244 
1245 	switch (ret->type) {
1246 	case KEY_RSA1:
1247 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
1248 		/* Get number of bits. */
1249 		bits = strtoul(cp, &ep, 10);
1250 		if (*cp == '\0' || index(" \t\r\n", *ep) == NULL ||
1251 		    bits == 0 || bits > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM * 8)
1252 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;	/* Bad bit count... */
1253 		/* Get public exponent, public modulus. */
1254 		if ((r = read_decimal_bignum(&ep, ret->rsa->e)) < 0)
1255 			return r;
1256 		if ((r = read_decimal_bignum(&ep, ret->rsa->n)) < 0)
1257 			return r;
1258 		*cpp = ep;
1259 		/* validate the claimed number of bits */
1260 		if (BN_num_bits(ret->rsa->n) != (int)bits)
1261 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_BITS_MISMATCH;
1262 		retval = 0;
1263 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
1264 		break;
1265 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
1266 	case KEY_RSA:
1267 	case KEY_DSA:
1268 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1269 	case KEY_ED25519:
1270 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1271 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1272 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1273 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1274 		space = strchr(cp, ' ');
1275 		if (space == NULL)
1276 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1277 		*space = '\0';
1278 		type = sshkey_type_from_name(cp);
1279 		if (sshkey_type_plain(type) == KEY_ECDSA &&
1280 		    (curve_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(cp)) == -1)
1281 			return SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_INVALID;
1282 		*space = ' ';
1283 		if (type == KEY_UNSPEC)
1284 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1285 		cp = space+1;
1286 		if (*cp == '\0')
1287 			return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1288 		if (ret->type != KEY_UNSPEC && ret->type != type)
1289 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1290 		if ((blob = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1291 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1292 		/* trim comment */
1293 		space = strchr(cp, ' ');
1294 		if (space) {
1295 			/* advance 'space': skip whitespace */
1296 			*space++ = '\0';
1297 			while (*space == ' ' || *space == '\t')
1298 				space++;
1299 			*cpp = space;
1300 		} else
1301 			*cpp = cp + strlen(cp);
1302 		if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(blob, cp)) != 0) {
1303 			sshbuf_free(blob);
1304 			return r;
1305 		}
1306 		if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(sshbuf_ptr(blob),
1307 		    sshbuf_len(blob), &k)) != 0) {
1308 			sshbuf_free(blob);
1309 			return r;
1310 		}
1311 		sshbuf_free(blob);
1312 		if (k->type != type) {
1313 			sshkey_free(k);
1314 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
1315 		}
1316 		if (sshkey_type_plain(type) == KEY_ECDSA &&
1317 		    curve_nid != k->ecdsa_nid) {
1318 			sshkey_free(k);
1319 			return SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
1320 		}
1321 		ret->type = type;
1322 		if (sshkey_is_cert(ret)) {
1323 			if (!sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
1324 				sshkey_free(k);
1325 				return SSH_ERR_EXPECTED_CERT;
1326 			}
1327 			if (ret->cert != NULL)
1328 				cert_free(ret->cert);
1329 			ret->cert = k->cert;
1330 			k->cert = NULL;
1331 		}
1332 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1333 		if (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type) == KEY_RSA) {
1334 			if (ret->rsa != NULL)
1335 				RSA_free(ret->rsa);
1336 			ret->rsa = k->rsa;
1337 			k->rsa = NULL;
1338 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1339 			RSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->rsa, 8);
1340 #endif
1341 		}
1342 		if (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type) == KEY_DSA) {
1343 			if (ret->dsa != NULL)
1344 				DSA_free(ret->dsa);
1345 			ret->dsa = k->dsa;
1346 			k->dsa = NULL;
1347 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1348 			DSA_print_fp(stderr, ret->dsa, 8);
1349 #endif
1350 		}
1351 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1352 		if (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type) == KEY_ECDSA) {
1353 			if (ret->ecdsa != NULL)
1354 				EC_KEY_free(ret->ecdsa);
1355 			ret->ecdsa = k->ecdsa;
1356 			ret->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1357 			k->ecdsa = NULL;
1358 			k->ecdsa_nid = -1;
1359 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1360 			sshkey_dump_ec_key(ret->ecdsa);
1361 #endif
1362 		}
1363 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1364 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1365 		if (sshkey_type_plain(ret->type) == KEY_ED25519) {
1366 			free(ret->ed25519_pk);
1367 			ret->ed25519_pk = k->ed25519_pk;
1368 			k->ed25519_pk = NULL;
1369 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1370 			/* XXX */
1371 #endif
1372 		}
1373 		retval = 0;
1374 /*XXXX*/
1375 		sshkey_free(k);
1376 		if (retval != 0)
1377 			break;
1378 		break;
1379 	default:
1380 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1381 	}
1382 	return retval;
1383 }
1384 
1385 int
1386 sshkey_to_base64(const struct sshkey *key, char **b64p)
1387 {
1388 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1389 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1390 	char *uu = NULL;
1391 
1392 	if (b64p != NULL)
1393 		*b64p = NULL;
1394 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1395 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1396 	if ((r = sshkey_putb(key, b)) != 0)
1397 		goto out;
1398 	if ((uu = sshbuf_dtob64(b)) == NULL) {
1399 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1400 		goto out;
1401 	}
1402 	/* Success */
1403 	if (b64p != NULL) {
1404 		*b64p = uu;
1405 		uu = NULL;
1406 	}
1407 	r = 0;
1408  out:
1409 	sshbuf_free(b);
1410 	free(uu);
1411 	return r;
1412 }
1413 
1414 static int
1415 sshkey_format_rsa1(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
1416 {
1417 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1418 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
1419 	u_int bits = 0;
1420 	char *dec_e = NULL, *dec_n = NULL;
1421 
1422 	if (key->rsa == NULL || key->rsa->e == NULL ||
1423 	    key->rsa->n == NULL) {
1424 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1425 		goto out;
1426 	}
1427 	if ((dec_e = BN_bn2dec(key->rsa->e)) == NULL ||
1428 	    (dec_n = BN_bn2dec(key->rsa->n)) == NULL) {
1429 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1430 		goto out;
1431 	}
1432 	/* size of modulus 'n' */
1433 	if ((bits = BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n)) <= 0) {
1434 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1435 		goto out;
1436 	}
1437 	if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%u %s %s", bits, dec_e, dec_n)) != 0)
1438 		goto out;
1439 
1440 	/* Success */
1441 	r = 0;
1442  out:
1443 	if (dec_e != NULL)
1444 		OPENSSL_free(dec_e);
1445 	if (dec_n != NULL)
1446 		OPENSSL_free(dec_n);
1447 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
1448 
1449 	return r;
1450 }
1451 
1452 static int
1453 sshkey_format_text(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
1454 {
1455 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1456 	char *uu = NULL;
1457 
1458 	if (key->type == KEY_RSA1) {
1459 		if ((r = sshkey_format_rsa1(key, b)) != 0)
1460 			goto out;
1461 	} else {
1462 		/* Unsupported key types handled in sshkey_to_base64() */
1463 		if ((r = sshkey_to_base64(key, &uu)) != 0)
1464 			goto out;
1465 		if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s %s",
1466 		    sshkey_ssh_name(key), uu)) != 0)
1467 			goto out;
1468 	}
1469 	r = 0;
1470  out:
1471 	free(uu);
1472 	return r;
1473 }
1474 
1475 int
1476 sshkey_write(const struct sshkey *key, FILE *f)
1477 {
1478 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1479 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1480 
1481 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1482 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1483 	if ((r = sshkey_format_text(key, b)) != 0)
1484 		goto out;
1485 	if (fwrite(sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), 1, f) != 1) {
1486 		if (feof(f))
1487 			errno = EPIPE;
1488 		r = SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR;
1489 		goto out;
1490 	}
1491 	/* Success */
1492 	r = 0;
1493  out:
1494 	sshbuf_free(b);
1495 	return r;
1496 }
1497 
1498 const char *
1499 sshkey_cert_type(const struct sshkey *k)
1500 {
1501 	switch (k->cert->type) {
1502 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER:
1503 		return "user";
1504 	case SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST:
1505 		return "host";
1506 	default:
1507 		return "unknown";
1508 	}
1509 }
1510 
1511 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1512 static int
1513 rsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, RSA **rsap)
1514 {
1515 	RSA *private = NULL;
1516 	BIGNUM *f4 = NULL;
1517 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1518 
1519 	if (rsap == NULL ||
1520 	    bits < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE ||
1521 	    bits > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM * 8)
1522 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1523 	*rsap = NULL;
1524 	if ((private = RSA_new()) == NULL || (f4 = BN_new()) == NULL) {
1525 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1526 		goto out;
1527 	}
1528 	if (!BN_set_word(f4, RSA_F4) ||
1529 	    !RSA_generate_key_ex(private, bits, f4, NULL)) {
1530 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1531 		goto out;
1532 	}
1533 	*rsap = private;
1534 	private = NULL;
1535 	ret = 0;
1536  out:
1537 	if (private != NULL)
1538 		RSA_free(private);
1539 	if (f4 != NULL)
1540 		BN_free(f4);
1541 	return ret;
1542 }
1543 
1544 static int
1545 dsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, DSA **dsap)
1546 {
1547 	DSA *private;
1548 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1549 
1550 	if (dsap == NULL || bits != 1024)
1551 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1552 	if ((private = DSA_new()) == NULL) {
1553 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1554 		goto out;
1555 	}
1556 	*dsap = NULL;
1557 	if (!DSA_generate_parameters_ex(private, bits, NULL, 0, NULL,
1558 	    NULL, NULL) || !DSA_generate_key(private)) {
1559 		DSA_free(private);
1560 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1561 		goto out;
1562 	}
1563 	*dsap = private;
1564 	private = NULL;
1565 	ret = 0;
1566  out:
1567 	if (private != NULL)
1568 		DSA_free(private);
1569 	return ret;
1570 }
1571 
1572 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1573 int
1574 sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(EC_KEY *k)
1575 {
1576 	EC_GROUP *eg;
1577 	int nids[] = {
1578 		NID_X9_62_prime256v1,
1579 		NID_secp384r1,
1580 #  ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
1581 		NID_secp521r1,
1582 #  endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521 */
1583 		-1
1584 	};
1585 	int nid;
1586 	u_int i;
1587 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
1588 	const EC_GROUP *g = EC_KEY_get0_group(k);
1589 
1590 	/*
1591 	 * The group may be stored in a ASN.1 encoded private key in one of two
1592 	 * ways: as a "named group", which is reconstituted by ASN.1 object ID
1593 	 * or explicit group parameters encoded into the key blob. Only the
1594 	 * "named group" case sets the group NID for us, but we can figure
1595 	 * it out for the other case by comparing against all the groups that
1596 	 * are supported.
1597 	 */
1598 	if ((nid = EC_GROUP_get_curve_name(g)) > 0)
1599 		return nid;
1600 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
1601 		return -1;
1602 	for (i = 0; nids[i] != -1; i++) {
1603 		if ((eg = EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(nids[i])) == NULL) {
1604 			BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
1605 			return -1;
1606 		}
1607 		if (EC_GROUP_cmp(g, eg, bnctx) == 0)
1608 			break;
1609 		EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1610 	}
1611 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
1612 	if (nids[i] != -1) {
1613 		/* Use the group with the NID attached */
1614 		EC_GROUP_set_asn1_flag(eg, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1615 		if (EC_KEY_set_group(k, eg) != 1) {
1616 			EC_GROUP_free(eg);
1617 			return -1;
1618 		}
1619 	}
1620 	return nids[i];
1621 }
1622 
1623 static int
1624 ecdsa_generate_private_key(u_int bits, int *nid, EC_KEY **ecdsap)
1625 {
1626 	EC_KEY *private;
1627 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1628 
1629 	if (nid == NULL || ecdsap == NULL ||
1630 	    (*nid = sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(bits)) == -1)
1631 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1632 	*ecdsap = NULL;
1633 	if ((private = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(*nid)) == NULL) {
1634 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1635 		goto out;
1636 	}
1637 	if (EC_KEY_generate_key(private) != 1) {
1638 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1639 		goto out;
1640 	}
1641 	EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag(private, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
1642 	*ecdsap = private;
1643 	private = NULL;
1644 	ret = 0;
1645  out:
1646 	if (private != NULL)
1647 		EC_KEY_free(private);
1648 	return ret;
1649 }
1650 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1651 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1652 
1653 int
1654 sshkey_generate(int type, u_int bits, struct sshkey **keyp)
1655 {
1656 	struct sshkey *k;
1657 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1658 
1659 	if (keyp == NULL)
1660 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1661 	*keyp = NULL;
1662 	if ((k = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
1663 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1664 	switch (type) {
1665 	case KEY_ED25519:
1666 		if ((k->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL ||
1667 		    (k->ed25519_sk = malloc(ED25519_SK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1668 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1669 			break;
1670 		}
1671 		crypto_sign_ed25519_keypair(k->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_sk);
1672 		ret = 0;
1673 		break;
1674 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1675 	case KEY_DSA:
1676 		ret = dsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->dsa);
1677 		break;
1678 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1679 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1680 		ret = ecdsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->ecdsa_nid,
1681 		    &k->ecdsa);
1682 		break;
1683 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1684 	case KEY_RSA:
1685 	case KEY_RSA1:
1686 		ret = rsa_generate_private_key(bits, &k->rsa);
1687 		break;
1688 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1689 	default:
1690 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1691 	}
1692 	if (ret == 0) {
1693 		k->type = type;
1694 		*keyp = k;
1695 	} else
1696 		sshkey_free(k);
1697 	return ret;
1698 }
1699 
1700 int
1701 sshkey_cert_copy(const struct sshkey *from_key, struct sshkey *to_key)
1702 {
1703 	u_int i;
1704 	const struct sshkey_cert *from;
1705 	struct sshkey_cert *to;
1706 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1707 
1708 	if (to_key->cert != NULL) {
1709 		cert_free(to_key->cert);
1710 		to_key->cert = NULL;
1711 	}
1712 
1713 	if ((from = from_key->cert) == NULL)
1714 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1715 
1716 	if ((to = to_key->cert = cert_new()) == NULL)
1717 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1718 
1719 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(to->certblob, from->certblob)) != 0 ||
1720 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(to->critical, from->critical)) != 0 ||
1721 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(to->extensions, from->extensions) != 0))
1722 		return ret;
1723 
1724 	to->serial = from->serial;
1725 	to->type = from->type;
1726 	if (from->key_id == NULL)
1727 		to->key_id = NULL;
1728 	else if ((to->key_id = strdup(from->key_id)) == NULL)
1729 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1730 	to->valid_after = from->valid_after;
1731 	to->valid_before = from->valid_before;
1732 	if (from->signature_key == NULL)
1733 		to->signature_key = NULL;
1734 	else if ((ret = sshkey_from_private(from->signature_key,
1735 	    &to->signature_key)) != 0)
1736 		return ret;
1737 
1738 	if (from->nprincipals > SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS)
1739 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
1740 	if (from->nprincipals > 0) {
1741 		if ((to->principals = calloc(from->nprincipals,
1742 		    sizeof(*to->principals))) == NULL)
1743 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1744 		for (i = 0; i < from->nprincipals; i++) {
1745 			to->principals[i] = strdup(from->principals[i]);
1746 			if (to->principals[i] == NULL) {
1747 				to->nprincipals = i;
1748 				return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1749 			}
1750 		}
1751 	}
1752 	to->nprincipals = from->nprincipals;
1753 	return 0;
1754 }
1755 
1756 int
1757 sshkey_from_private(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey **pkp)
1758 {
1759 	struct sshkey *n = NULL;
1760 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1761 
1762 	if (pkp != NULL)
1763 		*pkp = NULL;
1764 
1765 	switch (k->type) {
1766 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1767 	case KEY_DSA:
1768 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
1769 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL)
1770 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1771 		if ((BN_copy(n->dsa->p, k->dsa->p) == NULL) ||
1772 		    (BN_copy(n->dsa->q, k->dsa->q) == NULL) ||
1773 		    (BN_copy(n->dsa->g, k->dsa->g) == NULL) ||
1774 		    (BN_copy(n->dsa->pub_key, k->dsa->pub_key) == NULL)) {
1775 			sshkey_free(n);
1776 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1777 		}
1778 		break;
1779 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
1780 	case KEY_ECDSA:
1781 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
1782 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL)
1783 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1784 		n->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
1785 		n->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
1786 		if (n->ecdsa == NULL) {
1787 			sshkey_free(n);
1788 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1789 		}
1790 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(n->ecdsa,
1791 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 1) {
1792 			sshkey_free(n);
1793 			return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
1794 		}
1795 		break;
1796 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1797 	case KEY_RSA:
1798 	case KEY_RSA1:
1799 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1800 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL)
1801 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1802 		if ((BN_copy(n->rsa->n, k->rsa->n) == NULL) ||
1803 		    (BN_copy(n->rsa->e, k->rsa->e) == NULL)) {
1804 			sshkey_free(n);
1805 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1806 		}
1807 		break;
1808 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
1809 	case KEY_ED25519:
1810 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
1811 		if ((n = sshkey_new(k->type)) == NULL)
1812 			return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1813 		if (k->ed25519_pk != NULL) {
1814 			if ((n->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL) {
1815 				sshkey_free(n);
1816 				return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1817 			}
1818 			memcpy(n->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
1819 		}
1820 		break;
1821 	default:
1822 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
1823 	}
1824 	if (sshkey_is_cert(k)) {
1825 		if ((ret = sshkey_cert_copy(k, n)) != 0) {
1826 			sshkey_free(n);
1827 			return ret;
1828 		}
1829 	}
1830 	*pkp = n;
1831 	return 0;
1832 }
1833 
1834 static int
1835 cert_parse(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *certbuf)
1836 {
1837 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL, *crit = NULL;
1838 	struct sshbuf *exts = NULL, *ca = NULL;
1839 	u_char *sig = NULL;
1840 	size_t signed_len = 0, slen = 0, kidlen = 0;
1841 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1842 
1843 	/* Copy the entire key blob for verification and later serialisation */
1844 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->certblob, certbuf)) != 0)
1845 		return ret;
1846 
1847 	/* Parse body of certificate up to signature */
1848 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
1849 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u32(b, &key->cert->type)) != 0 ||
1850 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &key->cert->key_id, &kidlen)) != 0 ||
1851 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &principals)) != 0 ||
1852 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
1853 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_u64(b, &key->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
1854 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &crit)) != 0 ||
1855 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &exts)) != 0 ||
1856 	    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1857 	    (ret = sshbuf_froms(b, &ca)) != 0) {
1858 		/* XXX debug print error for ret */
1859 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1860 		goto out;
1861 	}
1862 
1863 	/* Signature is left in the buffer so we can calculate this length */
1864 	signed_len = sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) - sshbuf_len(b);
1865 
1866 	if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &sig, &slen)) != 0) {
1867 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1868 		goto out;
1869 	}
1870 
1871 	if (key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER &&
1872 	    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
1873 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_UNKNOWN_TYPE;
1874 		goto out;
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	/* Parse principals section */
1878 	while (sshbuf_len(principals) > 0) {
1879 		char *principal = NULL;
1880 		char **oprincipals = NULL;
1881 
1882 		if (key->cert->nprincipals >= SSHKEY_CERT_MAX_PRINCIPALS) {
1883 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1884 			goto out;
1885 		}
1886 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_cstring(principals, &principal,
1887 		    NULL)) != 0) {
1888 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1889 			goto out;
1890 		}
1891 		oprincipals = key->cert->principals;
1892 		key->cert->principals = reallocarray(key->cert->principals,
1893 		    key->cert->nprincipals + 1, sizeof(*key->cert->principals));
1894 		if (key->cert->principals == NULL) {
1895 			free(principal);
1896 			key->cert->principals = oprincipals;
1897 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1898 			goto out;
1899 		}
1900 		key->cert->principals[key->cert->nprincipals++] = principal;
1901 	}
1902 
1903 	/*
1904 	 * Stash a copies of the critical options and extensions sections
1905 	 * for later use.
1906 	 */
1907 	if ((ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->critical, crit)) != 0 ||
1908 	    (exts != NULL &&
1909 	    (ret = sshbuf_putb(key->cert->extensions, exts)) != 0))
1910 		goto out;
1911 
1912 	/*
1913 	 * Validate critical options and extensions sections format.
1914 	 */
1915 	while (sshbuf_len(crit) != 0) {
1916 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1917 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(crit, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
1918 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->critical);
1919 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1920 			goto out;
1921 		}
1922 	}
1923 	while (exts != NULL && sshbuf_len(exts) != 0) {
1924 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0 ||
1925 		    (ret = sshbuf_get_string_direct(exts, NULL, NULL)) != 0) {
1926 			sshbuf_reset(key->cert->extensions);
1927 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1928 			goto out;
1929 		}
1930 	}
1931 
1932 	/* Parse CA key and check signature */
1933 	if (sshkey_from_blob_internal(ca, &key->cert->signature_key, 0) != 0) {
1934 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
1935 		goto out;
1936 	}
1937 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(key->cert->signature_key->type)) {
1938 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
1939 		goto out;
1940 	}
1941 	if ((ret = sshkey_verify(key->cert->signature_key, sig, slen,
1942 	    sshbuf_ptr(key->cert->certblob), signed_len, 0)) != 0)
1943 		goto out;
1944 
1945 	/* Success */
1946 	ret = 0;
1947  out:
1948 	sshbuf_free(ca);
1949 	sshbuf_free(crit);
1950 	sshbuf_free(exts);
1951 	sshbuf_free(principals);
1952 	free(sig);
1953 	return ret;
1954 }
1955 
1956 static int
1957 sshkey_from_blob_internal(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp,
1958     int allow_cert)
1959 {
1960 	int type, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1961 	char *ktype = NULL, *curve = NULL;
1962 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
1963 	size_t len;
1964 	u_char *pk = NULL;
1965 	struct sshbuf *copy;
1966 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
1967 	EC_POINT *q = NULL;
1968 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
1969 
1970 #ifdef DEBUG_PK /* XXX */
1971 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
1972 #endif
1973 	*keyp = NULL;
1974 	if ((copy = sshbuf_fromb(b)) == NULL) {
1975 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
1976 		goto out;
1977 	}
1978 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0) {
1979 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1980 		goto out;
1981 	}
1982 
1983 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(ktype);
1984 	if (!allow_cert && sshkey_type_is_cert(type)) {
1985 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
1986 		goto out;
1987 	}
1988 	switch (type) {
1989 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
1990 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1991 		/* Skip nonce */
1992 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
1993 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
1994 			goto out;
1995 		}
1996 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
1997 	case KEY_RSA:
1998 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
1999 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2000 			goto out;
2001 		}
2002 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->rsa->e) != 0 ||
2003 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->rsa->n) != 0) {
2004 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2005 			goto out;
2006 		}
2007 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2008 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, key->rsa, 8);
2009 #endif
2010 		break;
2011 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2012 		/* Skip nonce */
2013 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2014 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2015 			goto out;
2016 		}
2017 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2018 	case KEY_DSA:
2019 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2020 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2021 			goto out;
2022 		}
2023 		if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->dsa->p) != 0 ||
2024 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->dsa->q) != 0 ||
2025 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->dsa->g) != 0 ||
2026 		    sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, key->dsa->pub_key) != 0) {
2027 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2028 			goto out;
2029 		}
2030 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2031 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, key->dsa, 8);
2032 #endif
2033 		break;
2034 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2035 		/* Skip nonce */
2036 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2037 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2038 			goto out;
2039 		}
2040 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2041 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2042 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2043 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2044 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2045 			goto out;
2046 		}
2047 		key->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(ktype);
2048 		if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &curve, NULL) != 0) {
2049 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2050 			goto out;
2051 		}
2052 		if (key->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
2053 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
2054 			goto out;
2055 		}
2056 		if (key->ecdsa != NULL)
2057 			EC_KEY_free(key->ecdsa);
2058 		if ((key->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(key->ecdsa_nid))
2059 		    == NULL) {
2060 			ret = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_INVALID;
2061 			goto out;
2062 		}
2063 		if ((q = EC_POINT_new(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa))) == NULL) {
2064 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2065 			goto out;
2066 		}
2067 		if (sshbuf_get_ec(b, q, EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa)) != 0) {
2068 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2069 			goto out;
2070 		}
2071 		if (sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa),
2072 		    q) != 0) {
2073 			ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
2074 			goto out;
2075 		}
2076 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(key->ecdsa, q) != 1) {
2077 			/* XXX assume it is a allocation error */
2078 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2079 			goto out;
2080 		}
2081 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2082 		sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa), q);
2083 #endif
2084 		break;
2085 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2086 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2087 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2088 		/* Skip nonce */
2089 		if (sshbuf_get_string_direct(b, NULL, NULL) != 0) {
2090 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2091 			goto out;
2092 		}
2093 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2094 	case KEY_ED25519:
2095 		if ((ret = sshbuf_get_string(b, &pk, &len)) != 0)
2096 			goto out;
2097 		if (len != ED25519_PK_SZ) {
2098 			ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2099 			goto out;
2100 		}
2101 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2102 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2103 			goto out;
2104 		}
2105 		key->ed25519_pk = pk;
2106 		pk = NULL;
2107 		break;
2108 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
2109 		if ((key = sshkey_new(type)) == NULL) {
2110 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2111 			goto out;
2112 		}
2113 		break;
2114 	default:
2115 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2116 		goto out;
2117 	}
2118 
2119 	/* Parse certificate potion */
2120 	if (sshkey_is_cert(key) && (ret = cert_parse(b, key, copy)) != 0)
2121 		goto out;
2122 
2123 	if (key != NULL && sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
2124 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2125 		goto out;
2126 	}
2127 	ret = 0;
2128 	*keyp = key;
2129 	key = NULL;
2130  out:
2131 	sshbuf_free(copy);
2132 	sshkey_free(key);
2133 	free(ktype);
2134 	free(curve);
2135 	free(pk);
2136 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
2137 	if (q != NULL)
2138 		EC_POINT_free(q);
2139 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2140 	return ret;
2141 }
2142 
2143 int
2144 sshkey_from_blob(const u_char *blob, size_t blen, struct sshkey **keyp)
2145 {
2146 	struct sshbuf *b;
2147 	int r;
2148 
2149 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(blob, blen)) == NULL)
2150 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2151 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2152 	sshbuf_free(b);
2153 	return r;
2154 }
2155 
2156 int
2157 sshkey_fromb(struct sshbuf *b, struct sshkey **keyp)
2158 {
2159 	return sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2160 }
2161 
2162 int
2163 sshkey_froms(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **keyp)
2164 {
2165 	struct sshbuf *b;
2166 	int r;
2167 
2168 	if ((r = sshbuf_froms(buf, &b)) != 0)
2169 		return r;
2170 	r = sshkey_from_blob_internal(b, keyp, 1);
2171 	sshbuf_free(b);
2172 	return r;
2173 }
2174 
2175 int
2176 sshkey_sign(const struct sshkey *key,
2177     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2178     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, u_int compat)
2179 {
2180 	if (sigp != NULL)
2181 		*sigp = NULL;
2182 	if (lenp != NULL)
2183 		*lenp = 0;
2184 	if (datalen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2185 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2186 	switch (key->type) {
2187 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2188 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2189 	case KEY_DSA:
2190 		return ssh_dss_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2191 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2192 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2193 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2194 		return ssh_ecdsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2195 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2196 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2197 	case KEY_RSA:
2198 		return ssh_rsa_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2199 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2200 	case KEY_ED25519:
2201 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2202 		return ssh_ed25519_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, compat);
2203 	default:
2204 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2205 	}
2206 }
2207 
2208 /*
2209  * ssh_key_verify returns 0 for a correct signature  and < 0 on error.
2210  */
2211 int
2212 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
2213     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
2214     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, u_int compat)
2215 {
2216 	if (siglen == 0 || dlen > SSH_KEY_MAX_SIGN_DATA_SIZE)
2217 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2218 	switch (key->type) {
2219 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2220 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2221 	case KEY_DSA:
2222 		return ssh_dss_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2223 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2224 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2225 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2226 		return ssh_ecdsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2227 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2228 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2229 	case KEY_RSA:
2230 		return ssh_rsa_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2231 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2232 	case KEY_ED25519:
2233 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2234 		return ssh_ed25519_verify(key, sig, siglen, data, dlen, compat);
2235 	default:
2236 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2237 	}
2238 }
2239 
2240 /* Converts a private to a public key */
2241 int
2242 sshkey_demote(const struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey **dkp)
2243 {
2244 	struct sshkey *pk;
2245 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2246 
2247 	if (dkp != NULL)
2248 		*dkp = NULL;
2249 
2250 	if ((pk = calloc(1, sizeof(*pk))) == NULL)
2251 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2252 	pk->type = k->type;
2253 	pk->flags = k->flags;
2254 	pk->ecdsa_nid = k->ecdsa_nid;
2255 	pk->dsa = NULL;
2256 	pk->ecdsa = NULL;
2257 	pk->rsa = NULL;
2258 	pk->ed25519_pk = NULL;
2259 	pk->ed25519_sk = NULL;
2260 
2261 	switch (k->type) {
2262 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2263 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2264 		if ((ret = sshkey_cert_copy(k, pk)) != 0)
2265 			goto fail;
2266 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2267 	case KEY_RSA1:
2268 	case KEY_RSA:
2269 		if ((pk->rsa = RSA_new()) == NULL ||
2270 		    (pk->rsa->e = BN_dup(k->rsa->e)) == NULL ||
2271 		    (pk->rsa->n = BN_dup(k->rsa->n)) == NULL) {
2272 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2273 			goto fail;
2274 			}
2275 		break;
2276 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2277 		if ((ret = sshkey_cert_copy(k, pk)) != 0)
2278 			goto fail;
2279 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2280 	case KEY_DSA:
2281 		if ((pk->dsa = DSA_new()) == NULL ||
2282 		    (pk->dsa->p = BN_dup(k->dsa->p)) == NULL ||
2283 		    (pk->dsa->q = BN_dup(k->dsa->q)) == NULL ||
2284 		    (pk->dsa->g = BN_dup(k->dsa->g)) == NULL ||
2285 		    (pk->dsa->pub_key = BN_dup(k->dsa->pub_key)) == NULL) {
2286 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2287 			goto fail;
2288 		}
2289 		break;
2290 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2291 		if ((ret = sshkey_cert_copy(k, pk)) != 0)
2292 			goto fail;
2293 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2294 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2295 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2296 		pk->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(pk->ecdsa_nid);
2297 		if (pk->ecdsa == NULL) {
2298 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2299 			goto fail;
2300 		}
2301 		if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(pk->ecdsa,
2302 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 1) {
2303 			ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2304 			goto fail;
2305 		}
2306 		break;
2307 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2308 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2309 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2310 		if ((ret = sshkey_cert_copy(k, pk)) != 0)
2311 			goto fail;
2312 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2313 	case KEY_ED25519:
2314 		if (k->ed25519_pk != NULL) {
2315 			if ((pk->ed25519_pk = malloc(ED25519_PK_SZ)) == NULL) {
2316 				ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2317 				goto fail;
2318 			}
2319 			memcpy(pk->ed25519_pk, k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ);
2320 		}
2321 		break;
2322 	default:
2323 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2324  fail:
2325 		sshkey_free(pk);
2326 		return ret;
2327 	}
2328 	*dkp = pk;
2329 	return 0;
2330 }
2331 
2332 /* Convert a plain key to their _CERT equivalent */
2333 int
2334 sshkey_to_certified(struct sshkey *k)
2335 {
2336 	int newtype;
2337 
2338 	switch (k->type) {
2339 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2340 	case KEY_RSA:
2341 		newtype = KEY_RSA_CERT;
2342 		break;
2343 	case KEY_DSA:
2344 		newtype = KEY_DSA_CERT;
2345 		break;
2346 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2347 		newtype = KEY_ECDSA_CERT;
2348 		break;
2349 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2350 	case KEY_ED25519:
2351 		newtype = KEY_ED25519_CERT;
2352 		break;
2353 	default:
2354 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2355 	}
2356 	if ((k->cert = cert_new()) == NULL)
2357 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2358 	k->type = newtype;
2359 	return 0;
2360 }
2361 
2362 /* Convert a certificate to its raw key equivalent */
2363 int
2364 sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *k)
2365 {
2366 	if (!sshkey_type_is_cert(k->type))
2367 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2368 	cert_free(k->cert);
2369 	k->cert = NULL;
2370 	k->type = sshkey_type_plain(k->type);
2371 	return 0;
2372 }
2373 
2374 /* Sign a certified key, (re-)generating the signed certblob. */
2375 int
2376 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca)
2377 {
2378 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL;
2379 	u_char *ca_blob = NULL, *sig_blob = NULL, nonce[32];
2380 	size_t i, ca_len, sig_len;
2381 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2382 	struct sshbuf *cert;
2383 
2384 	if (k == NULL || k->cert == NULL ||
2385 	    k->cert->certblob == NULL || ca == NULL)
2386 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2387 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(k))
2388 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2389 	if (!sshkey_type_is_valid_ca(ca->type))
2390 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2391 
2392 	if ((ret = sshkey_to_blob(ca, &ca_blob, &ca_len)) != 0)
2393 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID_SIGN_KEY;
2394 
2395 	cert = k->cert->certblob; /* for readability */
2396 	sshbuf_reset(cert);
2397 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, sshkey_ssh_name(k))) != 0)
2398 		goto out;
2399 
2400 	/* -v01 certs put nonce first */
2401 	arc4random_buf(&nonce, sizeof(nonce));
2402 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, nonce, sizeof(nonce))) != 0)
2403 		goto out;
2404 
2405 	/* XXX this substantially duplicates to_blob(); refactor */
2406 	switch (k->type) {
2407 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2408 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2409 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->dsa->p)) != 0 ||
2410 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->dsa->q)) != 0 ||
2411 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->dsa->g)) != 0 ||
2412 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->dsa->pub_key)) != 0)
2413 			goto out;
2414 		break;
2415 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2416 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2417 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert,
2418 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(k->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
2419 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_ec(cert,
2420 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa),
2421 		    EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa))) != 0)
2422 			goto out;
2423 		break;
2424 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2425 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2426 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->rsa->e)) != 0 ||
2427 		    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(cert, k->rsa->n)) != 0)
2428 			goto out;
2429 		break;
2430 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2431 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2432 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert,
2433 		    k->ed25519_pk, ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0)
2434 			goto out;
2435 		break;
2436 	default:
2437 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2438 		goto out;
2439 	}
2440 
2441 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->serial)) != 0 ||
2442 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u32(cert, k->cert->type)) != 0 ||
2443 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(cert, k->cert->key_id)) != 0)
2444 		goto out;
2445 
2446 	if ((principals = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2447 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2448 		goto out;
2449 	}
2450 	for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
2451 		if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(principals,
2452 		    k->cert->principals[i])) != 0)
2453 			goto out;
2454 	}
2455 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, principals)) != 0 ||
2456 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_after)) != 0 ||
2457 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_u64(cert, k->cert->valid_before)) != 0 ||
2458 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->critical)) != 0 ||
2459 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(cert, k->cert->extensions)) != 0 ||
2460 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, NULL, 0)) != 0 || /* Reserved */
2461 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, ca_blob, ca_len)) != 0)
2462 		goto out;
2463 
2464 	/* Sign the whole mess */
2465 	if ((ret = sshkey_sign(ca, &sig_blob, &sig_len, sshbuf_ptr(cert),
2466 	    sshbuf_len(cert), 0)) != 0)
2467 		goto out;
2468 
2469 	/* Append signature and we are done */
2470 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_string(cert, sig_blob, sig_len)) != 0)
2471 		goto out;
2472 	ret = 0;
2473  out:
2474 	if (ret != 0)
2475 		sshbuf_reset(cert);
2476 	if (sig_blob != NULL)
2477 		free(sig_blob);
2478 	if (ca_blob != NULL)
2479 		free(ca_blob);
2480 	if (principals != NULL)
2481 		sshbuf_free(principals);
2482 	return ret;
2483 }
2484 
2485 int
2486 sshkey_cert_check_authority(const struct sshkey *k,
2487     int want_host, int require_principal,
2488     const char *name, const char **reason)
2489 {
2490 	u_int i, principal_matches;
2491 	time_t now = time(NULL);
2492 
2493 	if (reason != NULL)
2494 		*reason = NULL;
2495 
2496 	if (want_host) {
2497 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST) {
2498 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a host certificate";
2499 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2500 		}
2501 	} else {
2502 		if (k->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
2503 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: not a user certificate";
2504 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2505 		}
2506 	}
2507 	if (now < 0) {
2508 		/* yikes - system clock before epoch! */
2509 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
2510 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2511 	}
2512 	if ((u_int64_t)now < k->cert->valid_after) {
2513 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: not yet valid";
2514 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2515 	}
2516 	if ((u_int64_t)now >= k->cert->valid_before) {
2517 		*reason = "Certificate invalid: expired";
2518 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2519 	}
2520 	if (k->cert->nprincipals == 0) {
2521 		if (require_principal) {
2522 			*reason = "Certificate lacks principal list";
2523 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2524 		}
2525 	} else if (name != NULL) {
2526 		principal_matches = 0;
2527 		for (i = 0; i < k->cert->nprincipals; i++) {
2528 			if (strcmp(name, k->cert->principals[i]) == 0) {
2529 				principal_matches = 1;
2530 				break;
2531 			}
2532 		}
2533 		if (!principal_matches) {
2534 			*reason = "Certificate invalid: name is not a listed "
2535 			    "principal";
2536 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_CERT_INVALID;
2537 		}
2538 	}
2539 	return 0;
2540 }
2541 
2542 int
2543 sshkey_private_serialize(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b)
2544 {
2545 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2546 
2547 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, sshkey_ssh_name(key))) != 0)
2548 		goto out;
2549 	switch (key->type) {
2550 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2551 	case KEY_RSA:
2552 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->n)) != 0 ||
2553 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->e)) != 0 ||
2554 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->d)) != 0 ||
2555 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->iqmp)) != 0 ||
2556 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->p)) != 0 ||
2557 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->q)) != 0)
2558 			goto out;
2559 		break;
2560 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2561 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2562 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2563 			goto out;
2564 		}
2565 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2566 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->d)) != 0 ||
2567 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->iqmp)) != 0 ||
2568 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->p)) != 0 ||
2569 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->rsa->q)) != 0)
2570 			goto out;
2571 		break;
2572 	case KEY_DSA:
2573 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->p)) != 0 ||
2574 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->q)) != 0 ||
2575 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->g)) != 0 ||
2576 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->pub_key)) != 0 ||
2577 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->priv_key)) != 0)
2578 			goto out;
2579 		break;
2580 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2581 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2582 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2583 			goto out;
2584 		}
2585 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2586 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b, key->dsa->priv_key)) != 0)
2587 			goto out;
2588 		break;
2589 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2590 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2591 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
2592 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
2593 		    (r = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
2594 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
2595 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
2596 			goto out;
2597 		break;
2598 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2599 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2600 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2601 			goto out;
2602 		}
2603 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2604 		    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
2605 		    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
2606 			goto out;
2607 		break;
2608 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2609 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2610 	case KEY_ED25519:
2611 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
2612 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
2613 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
2614 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
2615 			goto out;
2616 		break;
2617 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2618 		if (key->cert == NULL || sshbuf_len(key->cert->certblob) == 0) {
2619 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2620 			goto out;
2621 		}
2622 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, key->cert->certblob)) != 0 ||
2623 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_pk,
2624 		    ED25519_PK_SZ)) != 0 ||
2625 		    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, key->ed25519_sk,
2626 		    ED25519_SK_SZ)) != 0)
2627 			goto out;
2628 		break;
2629 	default:
2630 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2631 		goto out;
2632 	}
2633 	/* success */
2634 	r = 0;
2635  out:
2636 	return r;
2637 }
2638 
2639 int
2640 sshkey_private_deserialize(struct sshbuf *buf, struct sshkey **kp)
2641 {
2642 	char *tname = NULL, *curve = NULL;
2643 	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
2644 	size_t pklen = 0, sklen = 0;
2645 	int type, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
2646 	u_char *ed25519_pk = NULL, *ed25519_sk = NULL;
2647 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2648 	BIGNUM *exponent = NULL;
2649 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2650 
2651 	if (kp != NULL)
2652 		*kp = NULL;
2653 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &tname, NULL)) != 0)
2654 		goto out;
2655 	type = sshkey_type_from_name(tname);
2656 	switch (type) {
2657 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2658 	case KEY_DSA:
2659 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2660 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2661 			goto out;
2662 		}
2663 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->p)) != 0 ||
2664 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->q)) != 0 ||
2665 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->g)) != 0 ||
2666 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->pub_key)) != 0 ||
2667 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->priv_key)) != 0)
2668 			goto out;
2669 		break;
2670 	case KEY_DSA_CERT:
2671 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2672 		    (r = sshkey_add_private(k)) != 0 ||
2673 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->dsa->priv_key)) != 0)
2674 			goto out;
2675 		break;
2676 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
2677 	case KEY_ECDSA:
2678 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2679 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2680 			goto out;
2681 		}
2682 		if ((k->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(tname)) == -1) {
2683 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
2684 			goto out;
2685 		}
2686 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(buf, &curve, NULL)) != 0)
2687 			goto out;
2688 		if (k->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
2689 			r = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
2690 			goto out;
2691 		}
2692 		k->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid);
2693 		if (k->ecdsa  == NULL || (exponent = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2694 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2695 			goto out;
2696 		}
2697 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_eckey(buf, k->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
2698 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, exponent)))
2699 			goto out;
2700 		if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(k->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
2701 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2702 			goto out;
2703 		}
2704 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
2705 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 0) ||
2706 		    (r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(k->ecdsa)) != 0)
2707 			goto out;
2708 		break;
2709 	case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
2710 		if ((exponent = BN_new()) == NULL) {
2711 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2712 			goto out;
2713 		}
2714 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2715 		    (r = sshkey_add_private(k)) != 0 ||
2716 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, exponent)) != 0)
2717 			goto out;
2718 		if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(k->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
2719 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2720 			goto out;
2721 		}
2722 		if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(k->ecdsa),
2723 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(k->ecdsa)) != 0) ||
2724 		    (r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(k->ecdsa)) != 0)
2725 			goto out;
2726 		break;
2727 # endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2728 	case KEY_RSA:
2729 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2730 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2731 			goto out;
2732 		}
2733 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->n)) != 0 ||
2734 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->e)) != 0 ||
2735 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->d)) != 0 ||
2736 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->iqmp)) != 0 ||
2737 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->p)) != 0 ||
2738 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->q)) != 0 ||
2739 		    (r = rsa_generate_additional_parameters(k->rsa)) != 0)
2740 			goto out;
2741 		break;
2742 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2743 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2744 		    (r = sshkey_add_private(k)) != 0 ||
2745 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->d) != 0) ||
2746 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->iqmp) != 0) ||
2747 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->p) != 0) ||
2748 		    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(buf, k->rsa->q) != 0) ||
2749 		    (r = rsa_generate_additional_parameters(k->rsa)) != 0)
2750 			goto out;
2751 		break;
2752 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2753 	case KEY_ED25519:
2754 		if ((k = sshkey_new_private(type)) == NULL) {
2755 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2756 			goto out;
2757 		}
2758 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
2759 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
2760 			goto out;
2761 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ || sklen != ED25519_SK_SZ) {
2762 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2763 			goto out;
2764 		}
2765 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
2766 		k->ed25519_sk = ed25519_sk;
2767 		ed25519_pk = ed25519_sk = NULL;
2768 		break;
2769 	case KEY_ED25519_CERT:
2770 		if ((r = sshkey_froms(buf, &k)) != 0 ||
2771 		    (r = sshkey_add_private(k)) != 0 ||
2772 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_pk, &pklen)) != 0 ||
2773 		    (r = sshbuf_get_string(buf, &ed25519_sk, &sklen)) != 0)
2774 			goto out;
2775 		if (pklen != ED25519_PK_SZ || sklen != ED25519_SK_SZ) {
2776 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
2777 			goto out;
2778 		}
2779 		k->ed25519_pk = ed25519_pk;
2780 		k->ed25519_sk = ed25519_sk;
2781 		ed25519_pk = ed25519_sk = NULL;
2782 		break;
2783 	default:
2784 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
2785 		goto out;
2786 	}
2787 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2788 	/* enable blinding */
2789 	switch (k->type) {
2790 	case KEY_RSA:
2791 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
2792 	case KEY_RSA1:
2793 		if (RSA_blinding_on(k->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
2794 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2795 			goto out;
2796 		}
2797 		break;
2798 	}
2799 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2800 	/* success */
2801 	r = 0;
2802 	if (kp != NULL) {
2803 		*kp = k;
2804 		k = NULL;
2805 	}
2806  out:
2807 	free(tname);
2808 	free(curve);
2809 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
2810 	if (exponent != NULL)
2811 		BN_clear_free(exponent);
2812 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
2813 	sshkey_free(k);
2814 	if (ed25519_pk != NULL) {
2815 		explicit_bzero(ed25519_pk, pklen);
2816 		free(ed25519_pk);
2817 	}
2818 	if (ed25519_sk != NULL) {
2819 		explicit_bzero(ed25519_sk, sklen);
2820 		free(ed25519_sk);
2821 	}
2822 	return r;
2823 }
2824 
2825 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
2826 int
2827 sshkey_ec_validate_public(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *public)
2828 {
2829 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
2830 	EC_POINT *nq = NULL;
2831 	BIGNUM *order, *x, *y, *tmp;
2832 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
2833 
2834 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
2835 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2836 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
2837 
2838 	/*
2839 	 * We shouldn't ever hit this case because bignum_get_ecpoint()
2840 	 * refuses to load GF2m points.
2841 	 */
2842 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
2843 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field)
2844 		goto out;
2845 
2846 	/* Q != infinity */
2847 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, public))
2848 		goto out;
2849 
2850 	if ((x = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
2851 	    (y = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
2852 	    (order = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
2853 	    (tmp = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
2854 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2855 		goto out;
2856 	}
2857 
2858 	/* log2(x) > log2(order)/2, log2(y) > log2(order)/2 */
2859 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(group, order, bnctx) != 1 ||
2860 	    EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, public,
2861 	    x, y, bnctx) != 1) {
2862 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2863 		goto out;
2864 	}
2865 	if (BN_num_bits(x) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2 ||
2866 	    BN_num_bits(y) <= BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
2867 		goto out;
2868 
2869 	/* nQ == infinity (n == order of subgroup) */
2870 	if ((nq = EC_POINT_new(group)) == NULL) {
2871 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2872 		goto out;
2873 	}
2874 	if (EC_POINT_mul(group, nq, NULL, public, order, bnctx) != 1) {
2875 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2876 		goto out;
2877 	}
2878 	if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, nq) != 1)
2879 		goto out;
2880 
2881 	/* x < order - 1, y < order - 1 */
2882 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
2883 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2884 		goto out;
2885 	}
2886 	if (BN_cmp(x, tmp) >= 0 || BN_cmp(y, tmp) >= 0)
2887 		goto out;
2888 	ret = 0;
2889  out:
2890 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
2891 	if (nq != NULL)
2892 		EC_POINT_free(nq);
2893 	return ret;
2894 }
2895 
2896 int
2897 sshkey_ec_validate_private(const EC_KEY *key)
2898 {
2899 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
2900 	BIGNUM *order, *tmp;
2901 	int ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
2902 
2903 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL)
2904 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2905 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
2906 
2907 	if ((order = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
2908 	    (tmp = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
2909 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
2910 		goto out;
2911 	}
2912 
2913 	/* log2(private) > log2(order)/2 */
2914 	if (EC_GROUP_get_order(EC_KEY_get0_group(key), order, bnctx) != 1) {
2915 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2916 		goto out;
2917 	}
2918 	if (BN_num_bits(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) <=
2919 	    BN_num_bits(order) / 2)
2920 		goto out;
2921 
2922 	/* private < order - 1 */
2923 	if (!BN_sub(tmp, order, BN_value_one())) {
2924 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
2925 		goto out;
2926 	}
2927 	if (BN_cmp(EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key), tmp) >= 0)
2928 		goto out;
2929 	ret = 0;
2930  out:
2931 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
2932 	return ret;
2933 }
2934 
2935 void
2936 sshkey_dump_ec_point(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *point)
2937 {
2938 	BIGNUM *x, *y;
2939 	BN_CTX *bnctx;
2940 
2941 	if (point == NULL) {
2942 		fputs("point=(NULL)\n", stderr);
2943 		return;
2944 	}
2945 	if ((bnctx = BN_CTX_new()) == NULL) {
2946 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: BN_CTX_new failed\n", __func__);
2947 		return;
2948 	}
2949 	BN_CTX_start(bnctx);
2950 	if ((x = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL ||
2951 	    (y = BN_CTX_get(bnctx)) == NULL) {
2952 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: BN_CTX_get failed\n", __func__);
2953 		return;
2954 	}
2955 	if (EC_METHOD_get_field_type(EC_GROUP_method_of(group)) !=
2956 	    NID_X9_62_prime_field) {
2957 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: group is not a prime field\n", __func__);
2958 		return;
2959 	}
2960 	if (EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group, point, x, y,
2961 	    bnctx) != 1) {
2962 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp\n",
2963 		    __func__);
2964 		return;
2965 	}
2966 	fputs("x=", stderr);
2967 	BN_print_fp(stderr, x);
2968 	fputs("\ny=", stderr);
2969 	BN_print_fp(stderr, y);
2970 	fputs("\n", stderr);
2971 	BN_CTX_free(bnctx);
2972 }
2973 
2974 void
2975 sshkey_dump_ec_key(const EC_KEY *key)
2976 {
2977 	const BIGNUM *exponent;
2978 
2979 	sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key),
2980 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(key));
2981 	fputs("exponent=", stderr);
2982 	if ((exponent = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key)) == NULL)
2983 		fputs("(NULL)", stderr);
2984 	else
2985 		BN_print_fp(stderr, EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key));
2986 	fputs("\n", stderr);
2987 }
2988 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
2989 
2990 static int
2991 sshkey_private_to_blob2(const struct sshkey *prv, struct sshbuf *blob,
2992     const char *passphrase, const char *comment, const char *ciphername,
2993     int rounds)
2994 {
2995 	u_char *cp, *key = NULL, *pubkeyblob = NULL;
2996 	u_char salt[SALT_LEN];
2997 	char *b64 = NULL;
2998 	size_t i, pubkeylen, keylen, ivlen, blocksize, authlen;
2999 	u_int check;
3000 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3001 	struct sshcipher_ctx ciphercontext;
3002 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
3003 	const char *kdfname = KDFNAME;
3004 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *encrypted = NULL, *kdf = NULL;
3005 
3006 	memset(&ciphercontext, 0, sizeof(ciphercontext));
3007 
3008 	if (rounds <= 0)
3009 		rounds = DEFAULT_ROUNDS;
3010 	if (passphrase == NULL || !strlen(passphrase)) {
3011 		ciphername = "none";
3012 		kdfname = "none";
3013 	} else if (ciphername == NULL)
3014 		ciphername = DEFAULT_CIPHERNAME;
3015 	else if (cipher_number(ciphername) != SSH_CIPHER_SSH2) {
3016 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3017 		goto out;
3018 	}
3019 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
3020 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3021 		goto out;
3022 	}
3023 
3024 	if ((kdf = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3025 	    (encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3026 	    (encrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3027 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3028 		goto out;
3029 	}
3030 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
3031 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
3032 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
3033 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
3034 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
3035 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3036 		goto out;
3037 	}
3038 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
3039 		arc4random_buf(salt, SALT_LEN);
3040 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase),
3041 		    salt, SALT_LEN, key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
3042 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
3043 			goto out;
3044 		}
3045 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(kdf, salt, SALT_LEN)) != 0 ||
3046 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(kdf, rounds)) != 0)
3047 			goto out;
3048 	} else if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0) {
3049 		/* Unsupported KDF type */
3050 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3051 		goto out;
3052 	}
3053 	if ((r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
3054 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 1)) != 0)
3055 		goto out;
3056 
3057 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(encoded, AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
3058 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, ciphername)) != 0 ||
3059 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encoded, kdfname)) != 0 ||
3060 	    (r = sshbuf_put_stringb(encoded, kdf)) != 0 ||
3061 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, 1)) != 0 ||	/* number of keys */
3062 	    (r = sshkey_to_blob(prv, &pubkeyblob, &pubkeylen)) != 0 ||
3063 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(encoded, pubkeyblob, pubkeylen)) != 0)
3064 		goto out;
3065 
3066 	/* set up the buffer that will be encrypted */
3067 
3068 	/* Random check bytes */
3069 	check = arc4random();
3070 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0 ||
3071 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, check)) != 0)
3072 		goto out;
3073 
3074 	/* append private key and comment*/
3075 	if ((r = sshkey_private_serialize(prv, encrypted)) != 0 ||
3076 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encrypted, comment)) != 0)
3077 		goto out;
3078 
3079 	/* padding */
3080 	i = 0;
3081 	while (sshbuf_len(encrypted) % blocksize) {
3082 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encrypted, ++i & 0xff)) != 0)
3083 			goto out;
3084 	}
3085 
3086 	/* length in destination buffer */
3087 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encoded, sshbuf_len(encrypted))) != 0)
3088 		goto out;
3089 
3090 	/* encrypt */
3091 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(encoded,
3092 	    sshbuf_len(encrypted) + authlen, &cp)) != 0)
3093 		goto out;
3094 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(&ciphercontext, 0, cp,
3095 	    sshbuf_ptr(encrypted), sshbuf_len(encrypted), 0, authlen)) != 0)
3096 		goto out;
3097 
3098 	/* uuencode */
3099 	if ((b64 = sshbuf_dtob64(encoded)) == NULL) {
3100 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3101 		goto out;
3102 	}
3103 
3104 	sshbuf_reset(blob);
3105 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN)) != 0)
3106 		goto out;
3107 	for (i = 0; i < strlen(b64); i++) {
3108 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, b64[i])) != 0)
3109 			goto out;
3110 		/* insert line breaks */
3111 		if (i % 70 == 69 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, '\n')) != 0)
3112 			goto out;
3113 	}
3114 	if (i % 70 != 69 && (r = sshbuf_put_u8(blob, '\n')) != 0)
3115 		goto out;
3116 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN)) != 0)
3117 		goto out;
3118 
3119 	/* success */
3120 	r = 0;
3121 
3122  out:
3123 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
3124 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
3125 	sshbuf_free(encrypted);
3126 	cipher_cleanup(&ciphercontext);
3127 	explicit_bzero(salt, sizeof(salt));
3128 	if (key != NULL) {
3129 		explicit_bzero(key, keylen + ivlen);
3130 		free(key);
3131 	}
3132 	if (pubkeyblob != NULL) {
3133 		explicit_bzero(pubkeyblob, pubkeylen);
3134 		free(pubkeyblob);
3135 	}
3136 	if (b64 != NULL) {
3137 		explicit_bzero(b64, strlen(b64));
3138 		free(b64);
3139 	}
3140 	return r;
3141 }
3142 
3143 static int
3144 sshkey_parse_private2(struct sshbuf *blob, int type, const char *passphrase,
3145     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3146 {
3147 	char *comment = NULL, *ciphername = NULL, *kdfname = NULL;
3148 	const struct sshcipher *cipher = NULL;
3149 	const u_char *cp;
3150 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3151 	size_t encoded_len;
3152 	size_t i, keylen = 0, ivlen = 0, authlen = 0, slen = 0;
3153 	struct sshbuf *encoded = NULL, *decoded = NULL;
3154 	struct sshbuf *kdf = NULL, *decrypted = NULL;
3155 	struct sshcipher_ctx ciphercontext;
3156 	struct sshkey *k = NULL;
3157 	u_char *key = NULL, *salt = NULL, *dp, pad, last;
3158 	u_int blocksize, rounds, nkeys, encrypted_len, check1, check2;
3159 
3160 	memset(&ciphercontext, 0, sizeof(ciphercontext));
3161 	if (keyp != NULL)
3162 		*keyp = NULL;
3163 	if (commentp != NULL)
3164 		*commentp = NULL;
3165 
3166 	if ((encoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3167 	    (decoded = sshbuf_new()) == NULL ||
3168 	    (decrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3169 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3170 		goto out;
3171 	}
3172 
3173 	/* check preamble */
3174 	cp = sshbuf_ptr(blob);
3175 	encoded_len = sshbuf_len(blob);
3176 	if (encoded_len < (MARK_BEGIN_LEN + MARK_END_LEN) ||
3177 	    memcmp(cp, MARK_BEGIN, MARK_BEGIN_LEN) != 0) {
3178 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3179 		goto out;
3180 	}
3181 	cp += MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3182 	encoded_len -= MARK_BEGIN_LEN;
3183 
3184 	/* Look for end marker, removing whitespace as we go */
3185 	while (encoded_len > 0) {
3186 		if (*cp != '\n' && *cp != '\r') {
3187 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, *cp)) != 0)
3188 				goto out;
3189 		}
3190 		last = *cp;
3191 		encoded_len--;
3192 		cp++;
3193 		if (last == '\n') {
3194 			if (encoded_len >= MARK_END_LEN &&
3195 			    memcmp(cp, MARK_END, MARK_END_LEN) == 0) {
3196 				/* \0 terminate */
3197 				if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encoded, 0)) != 0)
3198 					goto out;
3199 				break;
3200 			}
3201 		}
3202 	}
3203 	if (encoded_len == 0) {
3204 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3205 		goto out;
3206 	}
3207 
3208 	/* decode base64 */
3209 	if ((r = sshbuf_b64tod(decoded, (char *)sshbuf_ptr(encoded))) != 0)
3210 		goto out;
3211 
3212 	/* check magic */
3213 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC) ||
3214 	    memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(decoded), AUTH_MAGIC, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) {
3215 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3216 		goto out;
3217 	}
3218 	/* parse public portion of key */
3219 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, sizeof(AUTH_MAGIC))) != 0 ||
3220 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &ciphername, NULL)) != 0 ||
3221 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decoded, &kdfname, NULL)) != 0 ||
3222 	    (r = sshbuf_froms(decoded, &kdf)) != 0 ||
3223 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &nkeys)) != 0 ||
3224 	    (r = sshbuf_skip_string(decoded)) != 0 || /* pubkey */
3225 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decoded, &encrypted_len)) != 0)
3226 		goto out;
3227 
3228 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_name(ciphername)) == NULL) {
3229 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3230 		goto out;
3231 	}
3232 	if ((passphrase == NULL || strlen(passphrase) == 0) &&
3233 	    strcmp(ciphername, "none") != 0) {
3234 		/* passphrase required */
3235 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3236 		goto out;
3237 	}
3238 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "none") != 0 && strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") != 0) {
3239 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3240 		goto out;
3241 	}
3242 	if (!strcmp(kdfname, "none") && strcmp(ciphername, "none") != 0) {
3243 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3244 		goto out;
3245 	}
3246 	if (nkeys != 1) {
3247 		/* XXX only one key supported */
3248 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3249 		goto out;
3250 	}
3251 
3252 	/* check size of encrypted key blob */
3253 	blocksize = cipher_blocksize(cipher);
3254 	if (encrypted_len < blocksize || (encrypted_len % blocksize) != 0) {
3255 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3256 		goto out;
3257 	}
3258 
3259 	/* setup key */
3260 	keylen = cipher_keylen(cipher);
3261 	ivlen = cipher_ivlen(cipher);
3262 	authlen = cipher_authlen(cipher);
3263 	if ((key = calloc(1, keylen + ivlen)) == NULL) {
3264 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3265 		goto out;
3266 	}
3267 	if (strcmp(kdfname, "bcrypt") == 0) {
3268 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(kdf, &salt, &slen)) != 0 ||
3269 		    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(kdf, &rounds)) != 0)
3270 			goto out;
3271 		if (bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase, strlen(passphrase), salt, slen,
3272 		    key, keylen + ivlen, rounds) < 0) {
3273 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3274 			goto out;
3275 		}
3276 	}
3277 
3278 	/* check that an appropriate amount of auth data is present */
3279 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) < encrypted_len + authlen) {
3280 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3281 		goto out;
3282 	}
3283 
3284 	/* decrypt private portion of key */
3285 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(decrypted, encrypted_len, &dp)) != 0 ||
3286 	    (r = cipher_init(&ciphercontext, cipher, key, keylen,
3287 	    key + keylen, ivlen, 0)) != 0)
3288 		goto out;
3289 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(&ciphercontext, 0, dp, sshbuf_ptr(decoded),
3290 	    encrypted_len, 0, authlen)) != 0) {
3291 		/* an integrity error here indicates an incorrect passphrase */
3292 		if (r == SSH_ERR_MAC_INVALID)
3293 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3294 		goto out;
3295 	}
3296 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(decoded, encrypted_len + authlen)) != 0)
3297 		goto out;
3298 	/* there should be no trailing data */
3299 	if (sshbuf_len(decoded) != 0) {
3300 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3301 		goto out;
3302 	}
3303 
3304 	/* check check bytes */
3305 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check1)) != 0 ||
3306 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(decrypted, &check2)) != 0)
3307 		goto out;
3308 	if (check1 != check2) {
3309 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3310 		goto out;
3311 	}
3312 
3313 	/* Load the private key and comment */
3314 	if ((r = sshkey_private_deserialize(decrypted, &k)) != 0 ||
3315 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(decrypted, &comment, NULL)) != 0)
3316 		goto out;
3317 
3318 	/* Check deterministic padding */
3319 	i = 0;
3320 	while (sshbuf_len(decrypted)) {
3321 		if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(decrypted, &pad)) != 0)
3322 			goto out;
3323 		if (pad != (++i & 0xff)) {
3324 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3325 			goto out;
3326 		}
3327 	}
3328 
3329 	/* XXX decode pubkey and check against private */
3330 
3331 	/* success */
3332 	r = 0;
3333 	if (keyp != NULL) {
3334 		*keyp = k;
3335 		k = NULL;
3336 	}
3337 	if (commentp != NULL) {
3338 		*commentp = comment;
3339 		comment = NULL;
3340 	}
3341  out:
3342 	pad = 0;
3343 	cipher_cleanup(&ciphercontext);
3344 	free(ciphername);
3345 	free(kdfname);
3346 	free(comment);
3347 	if (salt != NULL) {
3348 		explicit_bzero(salt, slen);
3349 		free(salt);
3350 	}
3351 	if (key != NULL) {
3352 		explicit_bzero(key, keylen + ivlen);
3353 		free(key);
3354 	}
3355 	sshbuf_free(encoded);
3356 	sshbuf_free(decoded);
3357 	sshbuf_free(kdf);
3358 	sshbuf_free(decrypted);
3359 	sshkey_free(k);
3360 	return r;
3361 }
3362 
3363 #if WITH_SSH1
3364 /*
3365  * Serialises the authentication (private) key to a blob, encrypting it with
3366  * passphrase.  The identification of the blob (lowest 64 bits of n) will
3367  * precede the key to provide identification of the key without needing a
3368  * passphrase.
3369  */
3370 static int
3371 sshkey_private_rsa1_to_blob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
3372     const char *passphrase, const char *comment)
3373 {
3374 	struct sshbuf *buffer = NULL, *encrypted = NULL;
3375 	u_char buf[8];
3376 	int r, cipher_num;
3377 	struct sshcipher_ctx ciphercontext;
3378 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
3379 	u_char *cp;
3380 
3381 	/*
3382 	 * If the passphrase is empty, use SSH_CIPHER_NONE to ease converting
3383 	 * to another cipher; otherwise use SSH_AUTHFILE_CIPHER.
3384 	 */
3385 	cipher_num = (strcmp(passphrase, "") == 0) ?
3386 	    SSH_CIPHER_NONE : SSH_CIPHER_3DES;
3387 	if ((cipher = cipher_by_number(cipher_num)) == NULL)
3388 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3389 
3390 	/* This buffer is used to build the secret part of the private key. */
3391 	if ((buffer = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
3392 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3393 
3394 	/* Put checkbytes for checking passphrase validity. */
3395 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(buffer, 4, &cp)) != 0)
3396 		goto out;
3397 	arc4random_buf(cp, 2);
3398 	memcpy(cp + 2, cp, 2);
3399 
3400 	/*
3401 	 * Store the private key (n and e will not be stored because they
3402 	 * will be stored in plain text, and storing them also in encrypted
3403 	 * format would just give known plaintext).
3404 	 * Note: q and p are stored in reverse order to SSL.
3405 	 */
3406 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(buffer, key->rsa->d)) != 0 ||
3407 	    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(buffer, key->rsa->iqmp)) != 0 ||
3408 	    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(buffer, key->rsa->q)) != 0 ||
3409 	    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(buffer, key->rsa->p)) != 0)
3410 		goto out;
3411 
3412 	/* Pad the part to be encrypted to a size that is a multiple of 8. */
3413 	explicit_bzero(buf, 8);
3414 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(buffer, buf, 8 - (sshbuf_len(buffer) % 8))) != 0)
3415 		goto out;
3416 
3417 	/* This buffer will be used to contain the data in the file. */
3418 	if ((encrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3419 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3420 		goto out;
3421 	}
3422 
3423 	/* First store keyfile id string. */
3424 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(encrypted, LEGACY_BEGIN,
3425 	    sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN))) != 0)
3426 		goto out;
3427 
3428 	/* Store cipher type and "reserved" field. */
3429 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(encrypted, cipher_num)) != 0 ||
3430 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, 0)) != 0)
3431 		goto out;
3432 
3433 	/* Store public key.  This will be in plain text. */
3434 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(encrypted, BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n))) != 0 ||
3435 	    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(encrypted, key->rsa->n) != 0) ||
3436 	    (r = sshbuf_put_bignum1(encrypted, key->rsa->e) != 0) ||
3437 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(encrypted, comment) != 0))
3438 		goto out;
3439 
3440 	/* Allocate space for the private part of the key in the buffer. */
3441 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(encrypted, sshbuf_len(buffer), &cp)) != 0)
3442 		goto out;
3443 
3444 	if ((r = cipher_set_key_string(&ciphercontext, cipher, passphrase,
3445 	    CIPHER_ENCRYPT)) != 0)
3446 		goto out;
3447 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(&ciphercontext, 0, cp,
3448 	    sshbuf_ptr(buffer), sshbuf_len(buffer), 0, 0)) != 0)
3449 		goto out;
3450 	if ((r = cipher_cleanup(&ciphercontext)) != 0)
3451 		goto out;
3452 
3453 	r = sshbuf_putb(blob, encrypted);
3454 
3455  out:
3456 	explicit_bzero(&ciphercontext, sizeof(ciphercontext));
3457 	explicit_bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
3458 	if (buffer != NULL)
3459 		sshbuf_free(buffer);
3460 	if (encrypted != NULL)
3461 		sshbuf_free(encrypted);
3462 
3463 	return r;
3464 }
3465 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
3466 
3467 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3468 /* convert SSH v2 key in OpenSSL PEM format */
3469 static int
3470 sshkey_private_pem_to_blob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
3471     const char *_passphrase, const char *comment)
3472 {
3473 	int success, r;
3474 	int blen, len = strlen(_passphrase);
3475 	u_char *passphrase = (len > 0) ? (u_char *)_passphrase : NULL;
3476 #if (OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER < 0x00907000L)
3477 	const EVP_CIPHER *cipher = (len > 0) ? EVP_des_ede3_cbc() : NULL;
3478 #else
3479  	const EVP_CIPHER *cipher = (len > 0) ? EVP_aes_128_cbc() : NULL;
3480 #endif
3481 	const u_char *bptr;
3482 	BIO *bio = NULL;
3483 
3484 	if (len > 0 && len <= 4)
3485 		return SSH_ERR_PASSPHRASE_TOO_SHORT;
3486 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL)
3487 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3488 
3489 	switch (key->type) {
3490 	case KEY_DSA:
3491 		success = PEM_write_bio_DSAPrivateKey(bio, key->dsa,
3492 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3493 		break;
3494 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
3495 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3496 		success = PEM_write_bio_ECPrivateKey(bio, key->ecdsa,
3497 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3498 		break;
3499 #endif
3500 	case KEY_RSA:
3501 		success = PEM_write_bio_RSAPrivateKey(bio, key->rsa,
3502 		    cipher, passphrase, len, NULL, NULL);
3503 		break;
3504 	default:
3505 		success = 0;
3506 		break;
3507 	}
3508 	if (success == 0) {
3509 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3510 		goto out;
3511 	}
3512 	if ((blen = BIO_get_mem_data(bio, &bptr)) <= 0) {
3513 		r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
3514 		goto out;
3515 	}
3516 	if ((r = sshbuf_put(blob, bptr, blen)) != 0)
3517 		goto out;
3518 	r = 0;
3519  out:
3520 	BIO_free(bio);
3521 	return r;
3522 }
3523 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3524 
3525 /* Serialise "key" to buffer "blob" */
3526 int
3527 sshkey_private_to_fileblob(struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *blob,
3528     const char *passphrase, const char *comment,
3529     int force_new_format, const char *new_format_cipher, int new_format_rounds)
3530 {
3531 	switch (key->type) {
3532 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
3533 	case KEY_RSA1:
3534 		return sshkey_private_rsa1_to_blob(key, blob,
3535 		    passphrase, comment);
3536 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
3537 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3538 	case KEY_DSA:
3539 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3540 	case KEY_RSA:
3541 		if (force_new_format) {
3542 			return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
3543 			    comment, new_format_cipher, new_format_rounds);
3544 		}
3545 		return sshkey_private_pem_to_blob(key, blob,
3546 		    passphrase, comment);
3547 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3548 	case KEY_ED25519:
3549 		return sshkey_private_to_blob2(key, blob, passphrase,
3550 		    comment, new_format_cipher, new_format_rounds);
3551 	default:
3552 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3553 	}
3554 }
3555 
3556 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
3557 /*
3558  * Parse the public, unencrypted portion of a RSA1 key.
3559  */
3560 int
3561 sshkey_parse_public_rsa1_fileblob(struct sshbuf *blob,
3562     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3563 {
3564 	int r;
3565 	struct sshkey *pub = NULL;
3566 	struct sshbuf *copy = NULL;
3567 
3568 	if (keyp != NULL)
3569 		*keyp = NULL;
3570 	if (commentp != NULL)
3571 		*commentp = NULL;
3572 
3573 	/* Check that it is at least big enough to contain the ID string. */
3574 	if (sshbuf_len(blob) < sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN))
3575 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3576 
3577 	/*
3578 	 * Make sure it begins with the id string.  Consume the id string
3579 	 * from the buffer.
3580 	 */
3581 	if (memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(blob), LEGACY_BEGIN, sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN)) != 0)
3582 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3583 	/* Make a working copy of the keyblob and skip past the magic */
3584 	if ((copy = sshbuf_fromb(blob)) == NULL)
3585 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3586 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(copy, sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN))) != 0)
3587 		goto out;
3588 
3589 	/* Skip cipher type, reserved data and key bits. */
3590 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(copy, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* cipher type */
3591 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(copy, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* reserved */
3592 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(copy, NULL)) != 0)	/* key bits */
3593 		goto out;
3594 
3595 	/* Read the public key from the buffer. */
3596 	if ((pub = sshkey_new(KEY_RSA1)) == NULL ||
3597 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(copy, pub->rsa->n)) != 0 ||
3598 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(copy, pub->rsa->e)) != 0)
3599 		goto out;
3600 
3601 	/* Finally, the comment */
3602 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(copy, (u_char**)commentp, NULL)) != 0)
3603 		goto out;
3604 
3605 	/* The encrypted private part is not parsed by this function. */
3606 
3607 	r = 0;
3608 	if (keyp != NULL)
3609 		*keyp = pub;
3610 	else
3611 		sshkey_free(pub);
3612 	pub = NULL;
3613 
3614  out:
3615 	if (copy != NULL)
3616 		sshbuf_free(copy);
3617 	if (pub != NULL)
3618 		sshkey_free(pub);
3619 	return r;
3620 }
3621 
3622 static int
3623 sshkey_parse_private_rsa1(struct sshbuf *blob, const char *passphrase,
3624     struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3625 {
3626 	int r;
3627 	u_int16_t check1, check2;
3628 	u_int8_t cipher_type;
3629 	struct sshbuf *decrypted = NULL, *copy = NULL;
3630 	u_char *cp;
3631 	char *comment = NULL;
3632 	struct sshcipher_ctx ciphercontext;
3633 	const struct sshcipher *cipher;
3634 	struct sshkey *prv = NULL;
3635 
3636 	*keyp = NULL;
3637 	if (commentp != NULL)
3638 		*commentp = NULL;
3639 
3640 	/* Check that it is at least big enough to contain the ID string. */
3641 	if (sshbuf_len(blob) < sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN))
3642 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3643 
3644 	/*
3645 	 * Make sure it begins with the id string.  Consume the id string
3646 	 * from the buffer.
3647 	 */
3648 	if (memcmp(sshbuf_ptr(blob), LEGACY_BEGIN, sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN)) != 0)
3649 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3650 
3651 	if ((prv = sshkey_new_private(KEY_RSA1)) == NULL) {
3652 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3653 		goto out;
3654 	}
3655 	if ((copy = sshbuf_fromb(blob)) == NULL ||
3656 	    (decrypted = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
3657 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3658 		goto out;
3659 	}
3660 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(copy, sizeof(LEGACY_BEGIN))) != 0)
3661 		goto out;
3662 
3663 	/* Read cipher type. */
3664 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(copy, &cipher_type)) != 0 ||
3665 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u32(copy, NULL)) != 0)	/* reserved */
3666 		goto out;
3667 
3668 	/* Read the public key and comment from the buffer. */
3669 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u32(copy, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* key bits */
3670 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(copy, prv->rsa->n)) != 0 ||
3671 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(copy, prv->rsa->e)) != 0 ||
3672 	    (r = sshbuf_get_cstring(copy, &comment, NULL)) != 0)
3673 		goto out;
3674 
3675 	/* Check that it is a supported cipher. */
3676 	cipher = cipher_by_number(cipher_type);
3677 	if (cipher == NULL) {
3678 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_UNKNOWN_CIPHER;
3679 		goto out;
3680 	}
3681 	/* Initialize space for decrypted data. */
3682 	if ((r = sshbuf_reserve(decrypted, sshbuf_len(copy), &cp)) != 0)
3683 		goto out;
3684 
3685 	/* Rest of the buffer is encrypted.  Decrypt it using the passphrase. */
3686 	if ((r = cipher_set_key_string(&ciphercontext, cipher, passphrase,
3687 	    CIPHER_DECRYPT)) != 0)
3688 		goto out;
3689 	if ((r = cipher_crypt(&ciphercontext, 0, cp,
3690 	    sshbuf_ptr(copy), sshbuf_len(copy), 0, 0)) != 0) {
3691 		cipher_cleanup(&ciphercontext);
3692 		goto out;
3693 	}
3694 	if ((r = cipher_cleanup(&ciphercontext)) != 0)
3695 		goto out;
3696 
3697 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u16(decrypted, &check1)) != 0 ||
3698 	    (r = sshbuf_get_u16(decrypted, &check2)) != 0)
3699 		goto out;
3700 	if (check1 != check2) {
3701 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3702 		goto out;
3703 	}
3704 
3705 	/* Read the rest of the private key. */
3706 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(decrypted, prv->rsa->d)) != 0 ||
3707 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(decrypted, prv->rsa->iqmp)) != 0 ||
3708 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(decrypted, prv->rsa->q)) != 0 ||
3709 	    (r = sshbuf_get_bignum1(decrypted, prv->rsa->p)) != 0)
3710 		goto out;
3711 
3712 	/* calculate p-1 and q-1 */
3713 	if ((r = rsa_generate_additional_parameters(prv->rsa)) != 0)
3714 		goto out;
3715 
3716 	/* enable blinding */
3717 	if (RSA_blinding_on(prv->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
3718 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3719 		goto out;
3720 	}
3721 	r = 0;
3722 	*keyp = prv;
3723 	prv = NULL;
3724 	if (commentp != NULL) {
3725 		*commentp = comment;
3726 		comment = NULL;
3727 	}
3728  out:
3729 	explicit_bzero(&ciphercontext, sizeof(ciphercontext));
3730 	if (comment != NULL)
3731 		free(comment);
3732 	if (prv != NULL)
3733 		sshkey_free(prv);
3734 	if (copy != NULL)
3735 		sshbuf_free(copy);
3736 	if (decrypted != NULL)
3737 		sshbuf_free(decrypted);
3738 	return r;
3739 }
3740 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
3741 
3742 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3743 static int
3744 sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
3745     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp)
3746 {
3747 	EVP_PKEY *pk = NULL;
3748 	struct sshkey *prv = NULL;
3749 	BIO *bio = NULL;
3750 	int r;
3751 
3752 	*keyp = NULL;
3753 
3754 	if ((bio = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem())) == NULL || sshbuf_len(blob) > INT_MAX)
3755 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3756 	if (BIO_write(bio, sshbuf_ptr(blob), sshbuf_len(blob)) !=
3757 	    (int)sshbuf_len(blob)) {
3758 		r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3759 		goto out;
3760 	}
3761 
3762 	if ((pk = PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(bio, NULL, NULL,
3763 	    (char *)passphrase)) == NULL) {
3764 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE;
3765 		goto out;
3766 	}
3767 	if (pk->type == EVP_PKEY_RSA &&
3768 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_RSA)) {
3769 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3770 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3771 			goto out;
3772 		}
3773 		prv->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pk);
3774 		prv->type = KEY_RSA;
3775 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
3776 		RSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->rsa, 8);
3777 #endif
3778 		if (RSA_blinding_on(prv->rsa, NULL) != 1) {
3779 			r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
3780 			goto out;
3781 		}
3782 	} else if (pk->type == EVP_PKEY_DSA &&
3783 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_DSA)) {
3784 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3785 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3786 			goto out;
3787 		}
3788 		prv->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pk);
3789 		prv->type = KEY_DSA;
3790 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
3791 		DSA_print_fp(stderr, prv->dsa, 8);
3792 #endif
3793 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
3794 	} else if (pk->type == EVP_PKEY_EC &&
3795 	    (type == KEY_UNSPEC || type == KEY_ECDSA)) {
3796 		if ((prv = sshkey_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL) {
3797 			r = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
3798 			goto out;
3799 		}
3800 		prv->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pk);
3801 		prv->type = KEY_ECDSA;
3802 		prv->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_key_to_nid(prv->ecdsa);
3803 		if (prv->ecdsa_nid == -1 ||
3804 		    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(prv->ecdsa_nid) == NULL ||
3805 		    sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(prv->ecdsa),
3806 		    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(prv->ecdsa)) != 0 ||
3807 		    sshkey_ec_validate_private(prv->ecdsa) != 0) {
3808 			r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3809 			goto out;
3810 		}
3811 # ifdef DEBUG_PK
3812 		if (prv != NULL && prv->ecdsa != NULL)
3813 			sshkey_dump_ec_key(prv->ecdsa);
3814 # endif
3815 #endif /* OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
3816 	} else {
3817 		r = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3818 		goto out;
3819 	}
3820 	r = 0;
3821 	*keyp = prv;
3822 	prv = NULL;
3823  out:
3824 	BIO_free(bio);
3825 	if (pk != NULL)
3826 		EVP_PKEY_free(pk);
3827 	if (prv != NULL)
3828 		sshkey_free(prv);
3829 	return r;
3830 }
3831 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3832 
3833 int
3834 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(struct sshbuf *blob, int type,
3835     const char *passphrase, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3836 {
3837 	int r;
3838 
3839 	*keyp = NULL;
3840 	if (commentp != NULL)
3841 		*commentp = NULL;
3842 
3843 	switch (type) {
3844 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
3845 	case KEY_RSA1:
3846 		return sshkey_parse_private_rsa1(blob, passphrase,
3847 		    keyp, commentp);
3848 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
3849 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3850 	case KEY_DSA:
3851 	case KEY_ECDSA:
3852 	case KEY_RSA:
3853 		return sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(blob, type,
3854 		    passphrase, keyp);
3855 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3856 	case KEY_ED25519:
3857 		return sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase,
3858 		    keyp, commentp);
3859 	case KEY_UNSPEC:
3860 		if ((r = sshkey_parse_private2(blob, type, passphrase, keyp,
3861 		    commentp)) == 0)
3862 			return 0;
3863 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
3864 		return sshkey_parse_private_pem_fileblob(blob, type,
3865 		    passphrase, keyp);
3866 #else
3867 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
3868 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
3869 	default:
3870 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
3871 	}
3872 }
3873 
3874 int
3875 sshkey_parse_private_fileblob(struct sshbuf *buffer, const char *passphrase,
3876     const char *filename, struct sshkey **keyp, char **commentp)
3877 {
3878 	int r;
3879 
3880 	if (keyp != NULL)
3881 		*keyp = NULL;
3882 	if (commentp != NULL)
3883 		*commentp = NULL;
3884 
3885 #ifdef WITH_SSH1
3886 	/* it's a SSH v1 key if the public key part is readable */
3887 	if ((r = sshkey_parse_public_rsa1_fileblob(buffer, NULL, NULL)) == 0) {
3888 		return sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(buffer, KEY_RSA1,
3889 		    passphrase, keyp, commentp);
3890 	}
3891 #endif /* WITH_SSH1 */
3892 	if ((r = sshkey_parse_private_fileblob_type(buffer, KEY_UNSPEC,
3893 	    passphrase, keyp, commentp)) == 0)
3894 		return 0;
3895 	return r;
3896 }
3897