xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/sshconnect2.c (revision 78ae60b447ebf420dd5cebfec30480866fd5cef4)
1 /* $OpenBSD: sshconnect2.c,v 1.371 2023/12/18 14:45:49 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include "includes.h"
28 
29 #include <sys/types.h>
30 #include <sys/socket.h>
31 #include <sys/wait.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <fcntl.h>
36 #include <limits.h>
37 #include <netdb.h>
38 #include <pwd.h>
39 #include <signal.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <string.h>
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44 #if defined(HAVE_STRNVIS) && defined(HAVE_VIS_H) && !defined(BROKEN_STRNVIS)
45 #include <vis.h>
46 #endif
47 
48 #include "openbsd-compat/sys-queue.h"
49 
50 #include "xmalloc.h"
51 #include "ssh.h"
52 #include "ssh2.h"
53 #include "sshbuf.h"
54 #include "packet.h"
55 #include "compat.h"
56 #include "cipher.h"
57 #include "sshkey.h"
58 #include "kex.h"
59 #include "sshconnect.h"
60 #include "authfile.h"
61 #include "dh.h"
62 #include "authfd.h"
63 #include "log.h"
64 #include "misc.h"
65 #include "readconf.h"
66 #include "match.h"
67 #include "dispatch.h"
68 #include "canohost.h"
69 #include "msg.h"
70 #include "pathnames.h"
71 #include "uidswap.h"
72 #include "hostfile.h"
73 #include "ssherr.h"
74 #include "utf8.h"
75 #include "ssh-sk.h"
76 #include "sk-api.h"
77 
78 #ifdef GSSAPI
79 #include "ssh-gss.h"
80 #endif
81 
82 /* import */
83 extern char *client_version_string;
84 extern char *server_version_string;
85 extern Options options;
86 
87 /*
88  * SSH2 key exchange
89  */
90 
91 static char *xxx_host;
92 static struct sockaddr *xxx_hostaddr;
93 static const struct ssh_conn_info *xxx_conn_info;
94 
95 static int
96 verify_host_key_callback(struct sshkey *hostkey, struct ssh *ssh)
97 {
98 	int r;
99 
100 	if ((r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(hostkey,
101 	    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0)
102 		fatal_r(r, "Bad server host key");
103 	if (verify_host_key(xxx_host, xxx_hostaddr, hostkey,
104 	    xxx_conn_info) == -1)
105 		fatal("Host key verification failed.");
106 	return 0;
107 }
108 
109 /* Returns the first item from a comma-separated algorithm list */
110 static char *
111 first_alg(const char *algs)
112 {
113 	char *ret, *cp;
114 
115 	ret = xstrdup(algs);
116 	if ((cp = strchr(ret, ',')) != NULL)
117 		*cp = '\0';
118 	return ret;
119 }
120 
121 static char *
122 order_hostkeyalgs(char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port,
123     const struct ssh_conn_info *cinfo)
124 {
125 	char *oavail = NULL, *avail = NULL, *first = NULL, *last = NULL;
126 	char *alg = NULL, *hostname = NULL, *ret = NULL, *best = NULL;
127 	size_t maxlen;
128 	struct hostkeys *hostkeys = NULL;
129 	int ktype;
130 	u_int i;
131 
132 	/* Find all hostkeys for this hostname */
133 	get_hostfile_hostname_ipaddr(host, hostaddr, port, &hostname, NULL);
134 	hostkeys = init_hostkeys();
135 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_user_hostfiles; i++)
136 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname, options.user_hostfiles[i], 0);
137 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_system_hostfiles; i++) {
138 		load_hostkeys(hostkeys, hostname,
139 		    options.system_hostfiles[i], 0);
140 	}
141 	if (options.known_hosts_command != NULL) {
142 		load_hostkeys_command(hostkeys, options.known_hosts_command,
143 		    "ORDER", cinfo, NULL, hostname);
144 	}
145 	/*
146 	 * If a plain public key exists that matches the type of the best
147 	 * preference HostkeyAlgorithms, then use the whole list as is.
148 	 * Note that we ignore whether the best preference algorithm is a
149 	 * certificate type, as sshconnect.c will downgrade certs to
150 	 * plain keys if necessary.
151 	 */
152 	best = first_alg(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
153 	if (lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(hostkeys,
154 	    sshkey_type_plain(sshkey_type_from_name(best)),
155 	    sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(best), NULL)) {
156 		debug3_f("have matching best-preference key type %s, "
157 		    "using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim", best);
158 		ret = xstrdup(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
159 		goto out;
160 	}
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * Otherwise, prefer the host key algorithms that match known keys
164 	 * while keeping the ordering of HostkeyAlgorithms as much as possible.
165 	 */
166 	oavail = avail = xstrdup(options.hostkeyalgorithms);
167 	maxlen = strlen(avail) + 1;
168 	first = xmalloc(maxlen);
169 	last = xmalloc(maxlen);
170 	*first = *last = '\0';
171 
172 #define ALG_APPEND(to, from) \
173 	do { \
174 		if (*to != '\0') \
175 			strlcat(to, ",", maxlen); \
176 		strlcat(to, from, maxlen); \
177 	} while (0)
178 
179 	while ((alg = strsep(&avail, ",")) && *alg != '\0') {
180 		if ((ktype = sshkey_type_from_name(alg)) == KEY_UNSPEC)
181 			fatal_f("unknown alg %s", alg);
182 		/*
183 		 * If we have a @cert-authority marker in known_hosts then
184 		 * prefer all certificate algorithms.
185 		 */
186 		if (sshkey_type_is_cert(ktype) &&
187 		    lookup_marker_in_hostkeys(hostkeys, MRK_CA)) {
188 			ALG_APPEND(first, alg);
189 			continue;
190 		}
191 		/* If the key appears in known_hosts then prefer it */
192 		if (lookup_key_in_hostkeys_by_type(hostkeys,
193 		    sshkey_type_plain(ktype),
194 		    sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(alg), NULL)) {
195 			ALG_APPEND(first, alg);
196 			continue;
197 		}
198 		/* Otherwise, put it last */
199 		ALG_APPEND(last, alg);
200 	}
201 #undef ALG_APPEND
202 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s%s%s", first,
203 	    (*first == '\0' || *last == '\0') ? "" : ",", last);
204 	if (*first != '\0')
205 		debug3_f("prefer hostkeyalgs: %s", first);
206 	else
207 		debug3_f("no algorithms matched; accept original");
208  out:
209 	free(best);
210 	free(first);
211 	free(last);
212 	free(hostname);
213 	free(oavail);
214 	free_hostkeys(hostkeys);
215 
216 	return ret;
217 }
218 
219 void
220 ssh_kex2(struct ssh *ssh, char *host, struct sockaddr *hostaddr, u_short port,
221     const struct ssh_conn_info *cinfo)
222 {
223 	char *myproposal[PROPOSAL_MAX];
224 	char *s, *all_key, *hkalgs = NULL;
225 	int r, use_known_hosts_order = 0;
226 
227 	xxx_host = host;
228 	xxx_hostaddr = hostaddr;
229 	xxx_conn_info = cinfo;
230 
231 	if (options.rekey_limit || options.rekey_interval)
232 		ssh_packet_set_rekey_limits(ssh, options.rekey_limit,
233 		    options.rekey_interval);
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * If the user has not specified HostkeyAlgorithms, or has only
237 	 * appended or removed algorithms from that list then prefer algorithms
238 	 * that are in the list that are supported by known_hosts keys.
239 	 */
240 	if (options.hostkeyalgorithms == NULL ||
241 	    options.hostkeyalgorithms[0] == '-' ||
242 	    options.hostkeyalgorithms[0] == '+')
243 		use_known_hosts_order = 1;
244 
245 	/* Expand or fill in HostkeyAlgorithms */
246 	all_key = sshkey_alg_list(0, 0, 1, ',');
247 	if ((r = kex_assemble_names(&options.hostkeyalgorithms,
248 	    kex_default_pk_alg(), all_key)) != 0)
249 		fatal_fr(r, "kex_assemble_namelist");
250 	free(all_key);
251 
252 	if ((s = kex_names_cat(options.kex_algorithms, "ext-info-c")) == NULL)
253 		fatal_f("kex_names_cat");
254 
255 	if (use_known_hosts_order)
256 		hkalgs = order_hostkeyalgs(host, hostaddr, port, cinfo);
257 
258 	kex_proposal_populate_entries(ssh, myproposal, s, options.ciphers,
259 	    options.macs, compression_alg_list(options.compression),
260 	    hkalgs ? hkalgs : options.hostkeyalgorithms);
261 
262 	free(hkalgs);
263 
264 	/* start key exchange */
265 	if ((r = kex_setup(ssh, myproposal)) != 0)
266 		fatal_r(r, "kex_setup");
267 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
268 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP1_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
269 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA1] = kex_gen_client;
270 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP14_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
271 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP16_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
272 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GRP18_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
273 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA1] = kexgex_client;
274 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_DH_GEX_SHA256] = kexgex_client;
275 # ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
276 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_ECDH_SHA2] = kex_gen_client;
277 # endif
278 #endif
279 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_C25519_SHA256] = kex_gen_client;
280 	ssh->kex->kex[KEX_KEM_SNTRUP761X25519_SHA512] = kex_gen_client;
281 	ssh->kex->verify_host_key=&verify_host_key_callback;
282 
283 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &ssh->kex->done);
284 
285 	/* remove ext-info from the KEX proposals for rekeying */
286 	free(myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS]);
287 	myproposal[PROPOSAL_KEX_ALGS] =
288 	    compat_kex_proposal(ssh, options.kex_algorithms);
289 	if ((r = kex_prop2buf(ssh->kex->my, myproposal)) != 0)
290 		fatal_r(r, "kex_prop2buf");
291 
292 #ifdef DEBUG_KEXDH
293 	/* send 1st encrypted/maced/compressed message */
294 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_IGNORE)) != 0 ||
295 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "markus")) != 0 ||
296 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0 ||
297 	    (r = ssh_packet_write_wait(ssh)) != 0)
298 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
299 #endif
300 	kex_proposal_free_entries(myproposal);
301 }
302 
303 /*
304  * Authenticate user
305  */
306 
307 typedef struct cauthctxt Authctxt;
308 typedef struct cauthmethod Authmethod;
309 typedef struct identity Identity;
310 typedef struct idlist Idlist;
311 
312 struct identity {
313 	TAILQ_ENTRY(identity) next;
314 	int	agent_fd;		/* >=0 if agent supports key */
315 	struct sshkey	*key;		/* public/private key */
316 	char	*filename;		/* comment for agent-only keys */
317 	int	tried;
318 	int	isprivate;		/* key points to the private key */
319 	int	userprovided;
320 };
321 TAILQ_HEAD(idlist, identity);
322 
323 struct cauthctxt {
324 	const char *server_user;
325 	const char *local_user;
326 	const char *host;
327 	const char *service;
328 	struct cauthmethod *method;
329 	sig_atomic_t success;
330 	char *authlist;
331 #ifdef GSSAPI
332 	/* gssapi */
333 	gss_OID_set gss_supported_mechs;
334 	u_int mech_tried;
335 #endif
336 	/* pubkey */
337 	struct idlist keys;
338 	int agent_fd;
339 	/* hostbased */
340 	Sensitive *sensitive;
341 	char *oktypes, *ktypes;
342 	const char *active_ktype;
343 	/* kbd-interactive */
344 	int info_req_seen;
345 	int attempt_kbdint;
346 	/* password */
347 	int attempt_passwd;
348 	/* generic */
349 	void *methoddata;
350 };
351 
352 struct cauthmethod {
353 	char	*name;		/* string to compare against server's list */
354 	int	(*userauth)(struct ssh *ssh);
355 	void	(*cleanup)(struct ssh *ssh);
356 	int	*enabled;	/* flag in option struct that enables method */
357 	int	*batch_flag;	/* flag in option struct that disables method */
358 };
359 
360 static int input_userauth_service_accept(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
361 static int input_userauth_success(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
362 static int input_userauth_failure(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
363 static int input_userauth_banner(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
364 static int input_userauth_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
365 static int input_userauth_info_req(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
366 static int input_userauth_pk_ok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
367 static int input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
368 
369 static int userauth_none(struct ssh *);
370 static int userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *);
371 static int userauth_passwd(struct ssh *);
372 static int userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *);
373 static int userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *);
374 
375 #ifdef GSSAPI
376 static int userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *);
377 static void userauth_gssapi_cleanup(struct ssh *);
378 static int input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
379 static int input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
380 static int input_gssapi_error(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
381 static int input_gssapi_errtok(int, u_int32_t, struct ssh *);
382 #endif
383 
384 void	userauth(struct ssh *, char *);
385 
386 static void pubkey_cleanup(struct ssh *);
387 static int sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *);
388 static void pubkey_prepare(struct ssh *, Authctxt *);
389 static void pubkey_reset(Authctxt *);
390 static struct sshkey *load_identity_file(Identity *);
391 
392 static Authmethod *authmethod_get(char *authlist);
393 static Authmethod *authmethod_lookup(const char *name);
394 static char *authmethods_get(void);
395 
396 Authmethod authmethods[] = {
397 #ifdef GSSAPI
398 	{"gssapi-with-mic",
399 		userauth_gssapi,
400 		userauth_gssapi_cleanup,
401 		&options.gss_authentication,
402 		NULL},
403 #endif
404 	{"hostbased",
405 		userauth_hostbased,
406 		NULL,
407 		&options.hostbased_authentication,
408 		NULL},
409 	{"publickey",
410 		userauth_pubkey,
411 		NULL,
412 		&options.pubkey_authentication,
413 		NULL},
414 	{"keyboard-interactive",
415 		userauth_kbdint,
416 		NULL,
417 		&options.kbd_interactive_authentication,
418 		&options.batch_mode},
419 	{"password",
420 		userauth_passwd,
421 		NULL,
422 		&options.password_authentication,
423 		&options.batch_mode},
424 	{"none",
425 		userauth_none,
426 		NULL,
427 		NULL,
428 		NULL},
429 	{NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL}
430 };
431 
432 void
433 ssh_userauth2(struct ssh *ssh, const char *local_user,
434     const char *server_user, char *host, Sensitive *sensitive)
435 {
436 	Authctxt authctxt;
437 	int r;
438 
439 	if (options.preferred_authentications == NULL)
440 		options.preferred_authentications = authmethods_get();
441 
442 	/* setup authentication context */
443 	memset(&authctxt, 0, sizeof(authctxt));
444 	authctxt.server_user = server_user;
445 	authctxt.local_user = local_user;
446 	authctxt.host = host;
447 	authctxt.service = "ssh-connection";		/* service name */
448 	authctxt.success = 0;
449 	authctxt.method = authmethod_lookup("none");
450 	authctxt.authlist = NULL;
451 	authctxt.methoddata = NULL;
452 	authctxt.sensitive = sensitive;
453 	authctxt.active_ktype = authctxt.oktypes = authctxt.ktypes = NULL;
454 	authctxt.info_req_seen = 0;
455 	authctxt.attempt_kbdint = 0;
456 	authctxt.attempt_passwd = 0;
457 #if GSSAPI
458 	authctxt.gss_supported_mechs = NULL;
459 	authctxt.mech_tried = 0;
460 #endif
461 	authctxt.agent_fd = -1;
462 	if (authctxt.method == NULL)
463 		fatal_f("internal error: cannot send userauth none request");
464 
465 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
466 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "ssh-userauth")) != 0 ||
467 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
468 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
469 
470 	ssh->authctxt = &authctxt;
471 	ssh_dispatch_init(ssh, &input_userauth_error);
472 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, kex_input_ext_info);
473 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT, &input_userauth_service_accept);
474 	ssh_dispatch_run_fatal(ssh, DISPATCH_BLOCK, &authctxt.success);	/* loop until success */
475 	pubkey_cleanup(ssh);
476 #ifdef GSSAPI
477 	if (authctxt.gss_supported_mechs != NULL) {
478 		u_int ms;
479 
480 		gss_release_oid_set(&ms, &authctxt.gss_supported_mechs);
481 		authctxt.gss_supported_mechs = NULL;
482 	}
483 #endif
484 	ssh->authctxt = NULL;
485 
486 	ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MIN, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_MAX, NULL);
487 
488 	if (!authctxt.success)
489 		fatal("Authentication failed.");
490 	if (ssh_packet_connection_is_on_socket(ssh)) {
491 		verbose("Authenticated to %s ([%s]:%d) using \"%s\".", host,
492 		    ssh_remote_ipaddr(ssh), ssh_remote_port(ssh),
493 		    authctxt.method->name);
494 	} else {
495 		verbose("Authenticated to %s (via proxy) using \"%s\".", host,
496 		    authctxt.method->name);
497 	}
498 }
499 
500 static int
501 input_userauth_service_accept(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
502 {
503 	int r;
504 
505 	if (ssh_packet_remaining(ssh) > 0) {
506 		char *reply;
507 
508 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &reply, NULL)) != 0)
509 			goto out;
510 		debug2("service_accept: %s", reply);
511 		free(reply);
512 	} else {
513 		debug2("buggy server: service_accept w/o service");
514 	}
515 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
516 		goto out;
517 	debug("SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received");
518 
519 	/* initial userauth request */
520 	userauth_none(ssh);
521 
522 	/* accept EXT_INFO at any time during userauth */
523 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, ssh->kex->ext_info_s ?
524 	    &kex_input_ext_info : &input_userauth_error);
525 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_SUCCESS, &input_userauth_success);
526 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_FAILURE, &input_userauth_failure);
527 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_BANNER, &input_userauth_banner);
528 	r = 0;
529  out:
530 	return r;
531 }
532 
533 void
534 userauth(struct ssh *ssh, char *authlist)
535 {
536 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
537 
538 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
539 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
540 
541 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
542 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
543 	if (authlist == NULL) {
544 		authlist = authctxt->authlist;
545 	} else {
546 		free(authctxt->authlist);
547 		authctxt->authlist = authlist;
548 	}
549 	for (;;) {
550 		Authmethod *method = authmethod_get(authlist);
551 		if (method == NULL)
552 			fatal("%s@%s: Permission denied (%s).",
553 			    authctxt->server_user, authctxt->host, authlist);
554 		authctxt->method = method;
555 
556 		/* reset the per method handler */
557 		ssh_dispatch_range(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MIN,
558 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PER_METHOD_MAX, NULL);
559 
560 		/* and try new method */
561 		if (method->userauth(ssh) != 0) {
562 			debug2("we sent a %s packet, wait for reply", method->name);
563 			break;
564 		} else {
565 			debug2("we did not send a packet, disable method");
566 			method->enabled = NULL;
567 		}
568 	}
569 }
570 
571 static int
572 input_userauth_error(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
573 {
574 	fatal_f("bad message during authentication: type %d", type);
575 	return 0;
576 }
577 
578 static int
579 input_userauth_banner(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
580 {
581 	char *msg = NULL;
582 	size_t len;
583 	int r;
584 
585 	debug3_f("entering");
586 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, &len)) != 0 ||
587 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
588 		goto out;
589 	if (len > 0 && options.log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
590 		fmprintf(stderr, "%s", msg);
591 	r = 0;
592  out:
593 	free(msg);
594 	return r;
595 }
596 
597 static int
598 input_userauth_success(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
599 {
600 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
601 
602 	if (authctxt == NULL)
603 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
604 	free(authctxt->authlist);
605 	authctxt->authlist = NULL;
606 	if (authctxt->method != NULL && authctxt->method->cleanup != NULL)
607 		authctxt->method->cleanup(ssh);
608 	free(authctxt->methoddata);
609 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
610 	authctxt->success = 1;			/* break out */
611 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO, dispatch_protocol_error);
612 	return 0;
613 }
614 
615 #if 0
616 static int
617 input_userauth_success_unexpected(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
618 {
619 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
620 
621 	if (authctxt == NULL)
622 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
623 
624 	fatal("Unexpected authentication success during %s.",
625 	    authctxt->method->name);
626 	return 0;
627 }
628 #endif
629 
630 static int
631 input_userauth_failure(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
632 {
633 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
634 	char *authlist = NULL;
635 	u_char partial;
636 
637 	if (authctxt == NULL)
638 		fatal("input_userauth_failure: no authentication context");
639 
640 	if (sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &authlist, NULL) != 0 ||
641 	    sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &partial) != 0 ||
642 	    sshpkt_get_end(ssh) != 0)
643 		goto out;
644 
645 	if (partial != 0) {
646 		verbose("Authenticated using \"%s\" with partial success.",
647 		    authctxt->method->name);
648 		/* reset state */
649 		pubkey_reset(authctxt);
650 	}
651 	debug("Authentications that can continue: %s", authlist);
652 
653 	userauth(ssh, authlist);
654 	authlist = NULL;
655  out:
656 	free(authlist);
657 	return 0;
658 }
659 
660 /*
661  * Format an identity for logging including filename, key type, fingerprint
662  * and location (agent, etc.). Caller must free.
663  */
664 static char *
665 format_identity(Identity *id)
666 {
667 	char *fp = NULL, *ret = NULL;
668 	const char *note = "";
669 
670 	if (id->key != NULL) {
671 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
672 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
673 	}
674 	if (id->key) {
675 		if ((id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
676 			note = " token";
677 		else if (sshkey_is_sk(id->key))
678 			note = " authenticator";
679 	}
680 	xasprintf(&ret, "%s %s%s%s%s%s%s",
681 	    id->filename,
682 	    id->key ? sshkey_type(id->key) : "", id->key ? " " : "",
683 	    fp ? fp : "",
684 	    id->userprovided ? " explicit" : "", note,
685 	    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " agent" : "");
686 	free(fp);
687 	return ret;
688 }
689 
690 static int
691 input_userauth_pk_ok(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
692 {
693 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
694 	struct sshkey *key = NULL;
695 	Identity *id = NULL;
696 	int pktype, found = 0, sent = 0;
697 	size_t blen;
698 	char *pkalg = NULL, *fp = NULL, *ident = NULL;
699 	u_char *pkblob = NULL;
700 	int r;
701 
702 	if (authctxt == NULL)
703 		fatal("input_userauth_pk_ok: no authentication context");
704 
705 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &pkalg, NULL)) != 0 ||
706 	    (r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &pkblob, &blen)) != 0 ||
707 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
708 		goto done;
709 
710 	if ((pktype = sshkey_type_from_name(pkalg)) == KEY_UNSPEC) {
711 		debug_f("server sent unknown pkalg %s", pkalg);
712 		goto done;
713 	}
714 	if ((r = sshkey_from_blob(pkblob, blen, &key)) != 0) {
715 		debug_r(r, "no key from blob. pkalg %s", pkalg);
716 		goto done;
717 	}
718 	if (key->type != pktype) {
719 		error("input_userauth_pk_ok: type mismatch "
720 		    "for decoded key (received %d, expected %d)",
721 		    key->type, pktype);
722 		goto done;
723 	}
724 
725 	/*
726 	 * search keys in the reverse order, because last candidate has been
727 	 * moved to the end of the queue.  this also avoids confusion by
728 	 * duplicate keys
729 	 */
730 	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(id, &authctxt->keys, idlist, next) {
731 		if (sshkey_equal(key, id->key)) {
732 			found = 1;
733 			break;
734 		}
735 	}
736 	if (!found || id == NULL) {
737 		fp = sshkey_fingerprint(key, options.fingerprint_hash,
738 		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT);
739 		error_f("server replied with unknown key: %s %s",
740 		    sshkey_type(key), fp == NULL ? "<ERROR>" : fp);
741 		goto done;
742 	}
743 	ident = format_identity(id);
744 	debug("Server accepts key: %s", ident);
745 	sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
746 	r = 0;
747  done:
748 	sshkey_free(key);
749 	free(ident);
750 	free(fp);
751 	free(pkalg);
752 	free(pkblob);
753 
754 	/* try another method if we did not send a packet */
755 	if (r == 0 && sent == 0)
756 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
757 	return r;
758 }
759 
760 #ifdef GSSAPI
761 static int
762 userauth_gssapi(struct ssh *ssh)
763 {
764 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
765 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = NULL;
766 	OM_uint32 min;
767 	int r, ok = 0;
768 	gss_OID mech = NULL;
769 
770 	/* Try one GSSAPI method at a time, rather than sending them all at
771 	 * once. */
772 
773 	if (authctxt->gss_supported_mechs == NULL)
774 		gss_indicate_mechs(&min, &authctxt->gss_supported_mechs);
775 
776 	/* Check to see whether the mechanism is usable before we offer it */
777 	while (authctxt->mech_tried < authctxt->gss_supported_mechs->count &&
778 	    !ok) {
779 		mech = &authctxt->gss_supported_mechs->
780 		    elements[authctxt->mech_tried];
781 		/* My DER encoding requires length<128 */
782 		if (mech->length < 128 && ssh_gssapi_check_mechanism(&gssctxt,
783 		    mech, authctxt->host)) {
784 			ok = 1; /* Mechanism works */
785 		} else {
786 			authctxt->mech_tried++;
787 		}
788 	}
789 
790 	if (!ok || mech == NULL)
791 		return 0;
792 
793 	authctxt->methoddata=(void *)gssctxt;
794 
795 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
796 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
797 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
798 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
799 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, 1)) != 0 ||
800 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, (mech->length) + 2)) != 0 ||
801 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE)) != 0 ||
802 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, mech->length)) != 0 ||
803 	    (r = sshpkt_put(ssh, mech->elements, mech->length)) != 0 ||
804 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
805 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
806 
807 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_RESPONSE, &input_gssapi_response);
808 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN, &input_gssapi_token);
809 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERROR, &input_gssapi_error);
810 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK, &input_gssapi_errtok);
811 
812 	authctxt->mech_tried++; /* Move along to next candidate */
813 
814 	return 1;
815 }
816 
817 static void
818 userauth_gssapi_cleanup(struct ssh *ssh)
819 {
820 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
821 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = (Gssctxt *)authctxt->methoddata;
822 
823 	ssh_gssapi_delete_ctx(&gssctxt);
824 	authctxt->methoddata = NULL;
825 }
826 
827 static OM_uint32
828 process_gssapi_token(struct ssh *ssh, gss_buffer_t recv_tok)
829 {
830 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
831 	Gssctxt *gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
832 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
833 	gss_buffer_desc mic = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
834 	gss_buffer_desc gssbuf;
835 	OM_uint32 status, ms, flags;
836 	int r;
837 
838 	status = ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
839 	    recv_tok, &send_tok, &flags);
840 
841 	if (send_tok.length > 0) {
842 		u_char type = GSS_ERROR(status) ?
843 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_ERRTOK :
844 		    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_TOKEN;
845 
846 		if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, type)) != 0 ||
847 		    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, send_tok.value,
848 		    send_tok.length)) != 0 ||
849 		    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
850 			fatal_fr(r, "send %u packet", type);
851 
852 		gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
853 	}
854 
855 	if (status == GSS_S_COMPLETE) {
856 		/* send either complete or MIC, depending on mechanism */
857 		if (!(flags & GSS_C_INTEG_FLAG)) {
858 			if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
859 			    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_EXCHANGE_COMPLETE)) != 0 ||
860 			    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
861 				fatal_fr(r, "send completion");
862 		} else {
863 			struct sshbuf *b;
864 
865 			if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
866 				fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
867 			ssh_gssapi_buildmic(b, authctxt->server_user,
868 			    authctxt->service, "gssapi-with-mic",
869 			    ssh->kex->session_id);
870 
871 			if ((gssbuf.value = sshbuf_mutable_ptr(b)) == NULL)
872 				fatal_f("sshbuf_mutable_ptr failed");
873 			gssbuf.length = sshbuf_len(b);
874 
875 			status = ssh_gssapi_sign(gssctxt, &gssbuf, &mic);
876 
877 			if (!GSS_ERROR(status)) {
878 				if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh,
879 				    SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_GSSAPI_MIC)) != 0 ||
880 				    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, mic.value,
881 				    mic.length)) != 0 ||
882 				    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
883 					fatal_fr(r, "send MIC");
884 			}
885 
886 			sshbuf_free(b);
887 			gss_release_buffer(&ms, &mic);
888 		}
889 	}
890 
891 	return status;
892 }
893 
894 static int
895 input_gssapi_response(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
896 {
897 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
898 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
899 	size_t oidlen;
900 	u_char *oidv = NULL;
901 	int r;
902 
903 	if (authctxt == NULL)
904 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
905 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
906 
907 	/* Setup our OID */
908 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &oidv, &oidlen)) != 0)
909 		goto done;
910 
911 	if (oidlen <= 2 ||
912 	    oidv[0] != SSH_GSS_OIDTYPE ||
913 	    oidv[1] != oidlen - 2) {
914 		debug("Badly encoded mechanism OID received");
915 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
916 		goto ok;
917 	}
918 
919 	if (!ssh_gssapi_check_oid(gssctxt, oidv + 2, oidlen - 2))
920 		fatal("Server returned different OID than expected");
921 
922 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
923 		goto done;
924 
925 	if (GSS_ERROR(process_gssapi_token(ssh, GSS_C_NO_BUFFER))) {
926 		/* Start again with next method on list */
927 		debug("Trying to start again");
928 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
929 		goto ok;
930 	}
931  ok:
932 	r = 0;
933  done:
934 	free(oidv);
935 	return r;
936 }
937 
938 static int
939 input_gssapi_token(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
940 {
941 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
942 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
943 	u_char *p = NULL;
944 	size_t len;
945 	OM_uint32 status;
946 	int r;
947 
948 	if (authctxt == NULL)
949 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
950 
951 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
952 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0)
953 		goto out;
954 
955 	recv_tok.value = p;
956 	recv_tok.length = len;
957 	status = process_gssapi_token(ssh, &recv_tok);
958 
959 	/* Start again with the next method in the list */
960 	if (GSS_ERROR(status)) {
961 		userauth(ssh, NULL);
962 		/* ok */
963 	}
964 	r = 0;
965  out:
966 	free(p);
967 	return r;
968 }
969 
970 static int
971 input_gssapi_errtok(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
972 {
973 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
974 	Gssctxt *gssctxt;
975 	gss_buffer_desc send_tok = GSS_C_EMPTY_BUFFER;
976 	gss_buffer_desc recv_tok;
977 	OM_uint32 ms;
978 	u_char *p = NULL;
979 	size_t len;
980 	int r;
981 
982 	if (authctxt == NULL)
983 		fatal("input_gssapi_response: no authentication context");
984 	gssctxt = authctxt->methoddata;
985 
986 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_string(ssh, &p, &len)) != 0 ||
987 	    (r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0) {
988 		free(p);
989 		return r;
990 	}
991 
992 	/* Stick it into GSSAPI and see what it says */
993 	recv_tok.value = p;
994 	recv_tok.length = len;
995 	(void)ssh_gssapi_init_ctx(gssctxt, options.gss_deleg_creds,
996 	    &recv_tok, &send_tok, NULL);
997 	free(p);
998 	gss_release_buffer(&ms, &send_tok);
999 
1000 	/* Server will be returning a failed packet after this one */
1001 	return 0;
1002 }
1003 
1004 static int
1005 input_gssapi_error(int type, u_int32_t plen, struct ssh *ssh)
1006 {
1007 	char *msg = NULL;
1008 	char *lang = NULL;
1009 	int r;
1010 
1011 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* maj */
1012 	    (r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, NULL)) != 0 ||	/* min */
1013 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &msg, NULL)) != 0 ||
1014 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1015 		goto out;
1016 	r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh);
1017 	debug("Server GSSAPI Error:\n%s", msg);
1018  out:
1019 	free(msg);
1020 	free(lang);
1021 	return r;
1022 }
1023 #endif /* GSSAPI */
1024 
1025 static int
1026 userauth_none(struct ssh *ssh)
1027 {
1028 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1029 	int r;
1030 
1031 	/* initial userauth request */
1032 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1033 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1034 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1035 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1036 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1037 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1038 	return 1;
1039 }
1040 
1041 static int
1042 userauth_passwd(struct ssh *ssh)
1043 {
1044 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1045 	char *password, *prompt = NULL;
1046 	const char *host = options.host_key_alias ?  options.host_key_alias :
1047 	    authctxt->host;
1048 	int r;
1049 
1050 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
1051 		return 0;
1052 
1053 	if (authctxt->attempt_passwd != 1)
1054 		error("Permission denied, please try again.");
1055 
1056 	xasprintf(&prompt, "%s@%s's password: ", authctxt->server_user, host);
1057 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1058 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1059 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1060 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1061 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1062 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 0)) != 0 ||
1063 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
1064 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
1065 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1066 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1067 
1068 	free(prompt);
1069 	if (password != NULL)
1070 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
1071 
1072 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
1073 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
1074 
1075 	return 1;
1076 }
1077 
1078 /*
1079  * parse PASSWD_CHANGEREQ, prompt user and send SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST
1080  */
1081 static int
1082 input_userauth_passwd_changereq(int type, u_int32_t seqnr, struct ssh *ssh)
1083 {
1084 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
1085 	char *info = NULL, *lang = NULL, *password = NULL, *retype = NULL;
1086 	char prompt[256];
1087 	const char *host;
1088 	int r;
1089 
1090 	debug2("input_userauth_passwd_changereq");
1091 
1092 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1093 		fatal("input_userauth_passwd_changereq: "
1094 		    "no authentication context");
1095 	host = options.host_key_alias ? options.host_key_alias : authctxt->host;
1096 
1097 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &info, NULL)) != 0 ||
1098 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1099 		goto out;
1100 	if (strlen(info) > 0)
1101 		logit("%s", info);
1102 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1103 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1104 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1105 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1106 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, 1)) != 0)	/* additional info */
1107 		goto out;
1108 
1109 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1110 	    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's old password: ",
1111 	    authctxt->server_user, host);
1112 	password = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1113 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0)
1114 		goto out;
1115 
1116 	freezero(password, strlen(password));
1117 	password = NULL;
1118 	while (password == NULL) {
1119 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1120 		    "Enter %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1121 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1122 		password = read_passphrase(prompt, RP_ALLOW_EOF);
1123 		if (password == NULL) {
1124 			/* bail out */
1125 			r = 0;
1126 			goto out;
1127 		}
1128 		snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt),
1129 		    "Retype %.30s@%.128s's new password: ",
1130 		    authctxt->server_user, host);
1131 		retype = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1132 		if (strcmp(password, retype) != 0) {
1133 			freezero(password, strlen(password));
1134 			logit("Mismatch; try again, EOF to quit.");
1135 			password = NULL;
1136 		}
1137 		freezero(retype, strlen(retype));
1138 	}
1139 	if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, password)) != 0 ||
1140 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0 ||
1141 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1142 		goto out;
1143 
1144 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PASSWD_CHANGEREQ,
1145 	    &input_userauth_passwd_changereq);
1146 	r = 0;
1147  out:
1148 	if (password)
1149 		freezero(password, strlen(password));
1150 	free(info);
1151 	free(lang);
1152 	return r;
1153 }
1154 
1155 /*
1156  * Select an algorithm for publickey signatures.
1157  * Returns algorithm (caller must free) or NULL if no mutual algorithm found.
1158  *
1159  * Call with ssh==NULL to ignore server-sig-algs extension list and
1160  * only attempt with the key's base signature type.
1161  */
1162 static char *
1163 key_sig_algorithm(struct ssh *ssh, const struct sshkey *key)
1164 {
1165 	char *allowed, *oallowed, *cp, *tmp, *alg = NULL;
1166 	const char *server_sig_algs;
1167 
1168 	/*
1169 	 * The signature algorithm will only differ from the key algorithm
1170 	 * for RSA keys/certs and when the server advertises support for
1171 	 * newer (SHA2) algorithms.
1172 	 */
1173 	if (ssh == NULL || ssh->kex->server_sig_algs == NULL ||
1174 	    (key->type != KEY_RSA && key->type != KEY_RSA_CERT) ||
1175 	    (key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT && (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_SIGTYPE))) {
1176 		/* Filter base key signature alg against our configuration */
1177 		return match_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1178 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, NULL);
1179 	}
1180 
1181 	/*
1182 	 * Workaround OpenSSH 7.4 bug: this version supports RSA/SHA-2 but
1183 	 * fails to advertise it via SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO.
1184 	 */
1185 	server_sig_algs = ssh->kex->server_sig_algs;
1186 	if (key->type == KEY_RSA && (ssh->compat & SSH_BUG_SIGTYPE74))
1187 		server_sig_algs = "rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512";
1188 
1189 	/*
1190 	 * For RSA keys/certs, since these might have a different sig type:
1191 	 * find the first entry in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms of the right type
1192 	 * that also appears in the supported signature algorithms list from
1193 	 * the server.
1194 	 */
1195 	oallowed = allowed = xstrdup(options.pubkey_accepted_algos);
1196 	while ((cp = strsep(&allowed, ",")) != NULL) {
1197 		if (sshkey_type_from_name(cp) != key->type)
1198 			continue;
1199 		tmp = match_list(sshkey_sigalg_by_name(cp),
1200 		    server_sig_algs, NULL);
1201 		if (tmp != NULL)
1202 			alg = xstrdup(cp);
1203 		free(tmp);
1204 		if (alg != NULL)
1205 			break;
1206 	}
1207 	free(oallowed);
1208 	return alg;
1209 }
1210 
1211 static int
1212 identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
1213     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, u_int compat, const char *alg)
1214 {
1215 	struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL, *prv = NULL;
1216 	int is_agent = 0, retried = 0, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
1217 	struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
1218 	char *fp = NULL, *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
1219 
1220 	*sigp = NULL;
1221 	*lenp = 0;
1222 
1223 	/* The agent supports this key. */
1224 	if (id->key != NULL && id->agent_fd != -1) {
1225 		return ssh_agent_sign(id->agent_fd, id->key, sigp, lenp,
1226 		    data, datalen, alg, compat);
1227 	}
1228 
1229 	/*
1230 	 * We have already loaded the private key or the private key is
1231 	 * stored in external hardware.
1232 	 */
1233 	if (id->key != NULL &&
1234 	    (id->isprivate || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT))) {
1235 		sign_key = id->key;
1236 		is_agent = 1;
1237 	} else {
1238 		/* Load the private key from the file. */
1239 		if ((prv = load_identity_file(id)) == NULL)
1240 			return SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1241 		if (id->key != NULL && !sshkey_equal_public(prv, id->key)) {
1242 			error_f("private key %s contents do not match public",
1243 			    id->filename);
1244 			r = SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND;
1245 			goto out;
1246 		}
1247 		sign_key = prv;
1248 	}
1249  retry_pin:
1250 	/* Prompt for touch for non-agent FIDO keys that request UP */
1251 	if (!is_agent && sshkey_is_sk(sign_key) &&
1252 	    (sign_key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
1253 		/* XXX should batch mode just skip these? */
1254 		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key,
1255 		    options.fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1256 			fatal_f("fingerprint failed");
1257 		notifier = notify_start(options.batch_mode,
1258 		    "Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
1259 		    sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
1260 		free(fp);
1261 	}
1262 	if ((r = sshkey_sign(sign_key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen,
1263 	    alg, options.sk_provider, pin, compat)) != 0) {
1264 		debug_fr(r, "sshkey_sign");
1265 		if (!retried && pin == NULL && !is_agent &&
1266 		    sshkey_is_sk(sign_key) &&
1267 		    r == SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE) {
1268 			notify_complete(notifier, NULL);
1269 			notifier = NULL;
1270 			xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key %s: ",
1271 			    sshkey_type(sign_key), id->filename);
1272 			pin = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1273 			retried = 1;
1274 			goto retry_pin;
1275 		}
1276 		goto out;
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	/*
1280 	 * PKCS#11 tokens may not support all signature algorithms,
1281 	 * so check what we get back.
1282 	 */
1283 	if ((r = sshkey_check_sigtype(*sigp, *lenp, alg)) != 0) {
1284 		debug_fr(r, "sshkey_check_sigtype");
1285 		goto out;
1286 	}
1287 	/* success */
1288 	r = 0;
1289  out:
1290 	free(prompt);
1291 	if (pin != NULL)
1292 		freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
1293 	notify_complete(notifier, r == 0 ? "User presence confirmed" : NULL);
1294 	sshkey_free(prv);
1295 	return r;
1296 }
1297 
1298 static int
1299 id_filename_matches(Identity *id, Identity *private_id)
1300 {
1301 	static const char * const suffixes[] = { ".pub", "-cert.pub", NULL };
1302 	size_t len = strlen(id->filename), plen = strlen(private_id->filename);
1303 	size_t i, slen;
1304 
1305 	if (strcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename) == 0)
1306 		return 1;
1307 	for (i = 0; suffixes[i]; i++) {
1308 		slen = strlen(suffixes[i]);
1309 		if (len > slen && plen == len - slen &&
1310 		    strcmp(id->filename + (len - slen), suffixes[i]) == 0 &&
1311 		    memcmp(id->filename, private_id->filename, plen) == 0)
1312 			return 1;
1313 	}
1314 	return 0;
1315 }
1316 
1317 static int
1318 sign_and_send_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1319 {
1320 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1321 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
1322 	Identity *private_id, *sign_id = NULL;
1323 	u_char *signature = NULL;
1324 	size_t slen = 0, skip = 0;
1325 	int r, fallback_sigtype, sent = 0;
1326 	char *alg = NULL, *fp = NULL;
1327 	const char *loc = "", *method = "publickey";
1328 	int hostbound = 0;
1329 
1330 	/* prefer host-bound pubkey signatures if supported by server */
1331 	if ((ssh->kex->flags & KEX_HAS_PUBKEY_HOSTBOUND) != 0 &&
1332 	    (options.pubkey_authentication & SSH_PUBKEY_AUTH_HBOUND) != 0) {
1333 		hostbound = 1;
1334 		method = "publickey-hostbound-v00@openssh.com";
1335 	}
1336 
1337 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(id->key, options.fingerprint_hash,
1338 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
1339 		return 0;
1340 
1341 	debug3_f("using %s with %s %s", method, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1342 
1343 	/*
1344 	 * If the key is an certificate, try to find a matching private key
1345 	 * and use it to complete the signature.
1346 	 * If no such private key exists, fall back to trying the certificate
1347 	 * key itself in case it has a private half already loaded.
1348 	 * This will try to set sign_id to the private key that will perform
1349 	 * the signature.
1350 	 */
1351 	if (sshkey_is_cert(id->key)) {
1352 		TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1353 			if (sshkey_equal_public(id->key, private_id->key) &&
1354 			    id->key->type != private_id->key->type) {
1355 				sign_id = private_id;
1356 				break;
1357 			}
1358 		}
1359 		/*
1360 		 * Exact key matches are preferred, but also allow
1361 		 * filename matches for non-PKCS#11/agent keys that
1362 		 * didn't load public keys. This supports the case
1363 		 * of keeping just a private key file and public
1364 		 * certificate on disk.
1365 		 */
1366 		if (sign_id == NULL &&
1367 		    !id->isprivate && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1368 		    (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0) {
1369 			TAILQ_FOREACH(private_id, &authctxt->keys, next) {
1370 				if (private_id->key == NULL &&
1371 				    id_filename_matches(id, private_id)) {
1372 					sign_id = private_id;
1373 					break;
1374 				}
1375 			}
1376 		}
1377 		if (sign_id != NULL) {
1378 			debug2_f("using private key \"%s\"%s for "
1379 			    "certificate", sign_id->filename,
1380 			    sign_id->agent_fd != -1 ? " from agent" : "");
1381 		} else {
1382 			debug_f("no separate private key for certificate "
1383 			    "\"%s\"", id->filename);
1384 		}
1385 	}
1386 
1387 	/*
1388 	 * If the above didn't select another identity to do the signing
1389 	 * then default to the one we started with.
1390 	 */
1391 	if (sign_id == NULL)
1392 		sign_id = id;
1393 
1394 	/* assemble and sign data */
1395 	for (fallback_sigtype = 0; fallback_sigtype <= 1; fallback_sigtype++) {
1396 		free(alg);
1397 		slen = 0;
1398 		signature = NULL;
1399 		if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(fallback_sigtype ? NULL : ssh,
1400 		    id->key)) == NULL) {
1401 			error_f("no mutual signature supported");
1402 			goto out;
1403 		}
1404 		debug3_f("signing using %s %s", alg, fp);
1405 
1406 		sshbuf_free(b);
1407 		if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
1408 			fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
1409 		if (ssh->compat & SSH_OLD_SESSIONID) {
1410 			if ((r = sshbuf_putb(b, ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0)
1411 				fatal_fr(r, "sshbuf_putb");
1412 		} else {
1413 			if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b,
1414 			    ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0)
1415 				fatal_fr(r, "sshbuf_put_stringb");
1416 		}
1417 		skip = sshbuf_len(b);
1418 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1419 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1420 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1421 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, method)) != 0 ||
1422 		    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, 1)) != 0 ||
1423 		    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, alg)) != 0 ||
1424 		    (r = sshkey_puts(id->key, b)) != 0) {
1425 			fatal_fr(r, "assemble signed data");
1426 		}
1427 		if (hostbound) {
1428 			if (ssh->kex->initial_hostkey == NULL) {
1429 				fatal_f("internal error: initial hostkey "
1430 				    "not recorded");
1431 			}
1432 			if ((r = sshkey_puts(ssh->kex->initial_hostkey, b)) != 0)
1433 				fatal_fr(r, "assemble %s hostkey", method);
1434 		}
1435 		/* generate signature */
1436 		r = identity_sign(sign_id, &signature, &slen,
1437 		    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b), ssh->compat, alg);
1438 		if (r == 0)
1439 			break;
1440 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
1441 			goto out; /* soft failure */
1442 		else if (r == SSH_ERR_SIGN_ALG_UNSUPPORTED &&
1443 		    !fallback_sigtype) {
1444 			if (sign_id->agent_fd != -1)
1445 				loc = "agent ";
1446 			else if ((sign_id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
1447 				loc = "token ";
1448 			logit("%skey %s %s returned incorrect signature type",
1449 			    loc, sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
1450 			continue;
1451 		}
1452 		error_fr(r, "signing failed for %s \"%s\"%s",
1453 		    sshkey_type(sign_id->key), sign_id->filename,
1454 		    id->agent_fd != -1 ? " from agent" : "");
1455 		goto out;
1456 	}
1457 	if (slen == 0 || signature == NULL) /* shouldn't happen */
1458 		fatal_f("no signature");
1459 
1460 	/* append signature */
1461 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(b, signature, slen)) != 0)
1462 		fatal_fr(r, "append signature");
1463 
1464 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
1465 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
1466 #endif
1467 	/* skip session id and packet type */
1468 	if ((r = sshbuf_consume(b, skip + 1)) != 0)
1469 		fatal_fr(r, "consume");
1470 
1471 	/* put remaining data from buffer into packet */
1472 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1473 	    (r = sshpkt_putb(ssh, b)) != 0 ||
1474 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1475 		fatal_fr(r, "enqueue request");
1476 
1477 	/* success */
1478 	sent = 1;
1479 
1480  out:
1481 	free(fp);
1482 	free(alg);
1483 	sshbuf_free(b);
1484 	freezero(signature, slen);
1485 	return sent;
1486 }
1487 
1488 static int
1489 send_pubkey_test(struct ssh *ssh, Identity *id)
1490 {
1491 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1492 	u_char *blob = NULL;
1493 	char *alg = NULL;
1494 	size_t bloblen;
1495 	u_int have_sig = 0;
1496 	int sent = 0, r;
1497 
1498 	if ((alg = key_sig_algorithm(ssh, id->key)) == NULL) {
1499 		debug_f("no mutual signature algorithm");
1500 		goto out;
1501 	}
1502 
1503 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(id->key, &blob, &bloblen)) != 0) {
1504 		/* we cannot handle this key */
1505 		debug3_f("cannot handle key");
1506 		goto out;
1507 	}
1508 	/* register callback for USERAUTH_PK_OK message */
1509 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_PK_OK, &input_userauth_pk_ok);
1510 
1511 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1512 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1513 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1514 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1515 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u8(ssh, have_sig)) != 0 ||
1516 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, alg)) != 0 ||
1517 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, blob, bloblen)) != 0 ||
1518 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1519 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1520 	sent = 1;
1521 
1522  out:
1523 	free(alg);
1524 	free(blob);
1525 	return sent;
1526 }
1527 
1528 static struct sshkey *
1529 load_identity_file(Identity *id)
1530 {
1531 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
1532 	char prompt[300], *passphrase, *comment;
1533 	int r, quit = 0, i;
1534 	struct stat st;
1535 
1536 	if (stat(id->filename, &st) == -1) {
1537 		do_log2(id->userprovided ?
1538 		    SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO : SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3,
1539 		    "no such identity: %s: %s", id->filename, strerror(errno));
1540 		return NULL;
1541 	}
1542 	snprintf(prompt, sizeof prompt,
1543 	    "Enter passphrase for key '%.100s': ", id->filename);
1544 	for (i = 0; i <= options.number_of_password_prompts; i++) {
1545 		if (i == 0)
1546 			passphrase = "";
1547 		else {
1548 			passphrase = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
1549 			if (*passphrase == '\0') {
1550 				debug2("no passphrase given, try next key");
1551 				free(passphrase);
1552 				break;
1553 			}
1554 		}
1555 		switch ((r = sshkey_load_private_type(KEY_UNSPEC, id->filename,
1556 		    passphrase, &private, &comment))) {
1557 		case 0:
1558 			break;
1559 		case SSH_ERR_KEY_WRONG_PASSPHRASE:
1560 			if (options.batch_mode) {
1561 				quit = 1;
1562 				break;
1563 			}
1564 			if (i != 0)
1565 				debug2("bad passphrase given, try again...");
1566 			break;
1567 		case SSH_ERR_SYSTEM_ERROR:
1568 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
1569 				debug2_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", id->filename);
1570 				quit = 1;
1571 				break;
1572 			}
1573 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
1574 		default:
1575 			error_r(r, "Load key \"%s\"", id->filename);
1576 			quit = 1;
1577 			break;
1578 		}
1579 		if (private != NULL && sshkey_is_sk(private) &&
1580 		    options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1581 			debug("key \"%s\" is an authenticator-hosted key, "
1582 			    "but no provider specified", id->filename);
1583 			sshkey_free(private);
1584 			private = NULL;
1585 			quit = 1;
1586 		}
1587 		if (!quit && (r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(private,
1588 		    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0) {
1589 			debug_fr(r, "Skipping key %s", id->filename);
1590 			sshkey_free(private);
1591 			private = NULL;
1592 			quit = 1;
1593 		}
1594 		if (!quit && private != NULL && id->agent_fd == -1 &&
1595 		    !(id->key && id->isprivate))
1596 			maybe_add_key_to_agent(id->filename, private, comment,
1597 			    passphrase);
1598 		if (i > 0)
1599 			freezero(passphrase, strlen(passphrase));
1600 		free(comment);
1601 		if (private != NULL || quit)
1602 			break;
1603 	}
1604 	return private;
1605 }
1606 
1607 static int
1608 key_type_allowed_by_config(struct sshkey *key)
1609 {
1610 	if (match_pattern_list(sshkey_ssh_name(key),
1611 	    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1612 		return 1;
1613 
1614 	/* RSA keys/certs might be allowed by alternate signature types */
1615 	switch (key->type) {
1616 	case KEY_RSA:
1617 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512",
1618 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1619 			return 1;
1620 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256",
1621 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1622 			return 1;
1623 		break;
1624 	case KEY_RSA_CERT:
1625 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1626 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1627 			return 1;
1628 		if (match_pattern_list("rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com",
1629 		    options.pubkey_accepted_algos, 0) == 1)
1630 			return 1;
1631 		break;
1632 	}
1633 	return 0;
1634 }
1635 
1636 /* obtain a list of keys from the agent */
1637 static int
1638 get_agent_identities(struct ssh *ssh, int *agent_fdp,
1639     struct ssh_identitylist **idlistp)
1640 {
1641 	int r, agent_fd;
1642 	struct ssh_identitylist *idlist;
1643 
1644 	if ((r = ssh_get_authentication_socket(&agent_fd)) != 0) {
1645 		if (r != SSH_ERR_AGENT_NOT_PRESENT)
1646 			debug_fr(r, "ssh_get_authentication_socket");
1647 		return r;
1648 	}
1649 	if ((r = ssh_agent_bind_hostkey(agent_fd, ssh->kex->initial_hostkey,
1650 	    ssh->kex->session_id, ssh->kex->initial_sig, 0)) == 0)
1651 		debug_f("bound agent to hostkey");
1652 	else
1653 		debug2_fr(r, "ssh_agent_bind_hostkey");
1654 
1655 	if ((r = ssh_fetch_identitylist(agent_fd, &idlist)) != 0) {
1656 		debug_fr(r, "ssh_fetch_identitylist");
1657 		close(agent_fd);
1658 		return r;
1659 	}
1660 	/* success */
1661 	*agent_fdp = agent_fd;
1662 	*idlistp = idlist;
1663 	debug_f("agent returned %zu keys", idlist->nkeys);
1664 	return 0;
1665 }
1666 
1667 /*
1668  * try keys in the following order:
1669  *	1. certificates listed in the config file
1670  *	2. other input certificates
1671  *	3. agent keys that are found in the config file
1672  *	4. other agent keys
1673  *	5. keys that are only listed in the config file
1674  */
1675 static void
1676 pubkey_prepare(struct ssh *ssh, Authctxt *authctxt)
1677 {
1678 	struct identity *id, *id2, *tmp;
1679 	struct idlist agent, files, *preferred;
1680 	struct sshkey *key;
1681 	int disallowed, agent_fd = -1, i, r, found;
1682 	size_t j;
1683 	struct ssh_identitylist *idlist;
1684 	char *cp, *ident;
1685 
1686 	TAILQ_INIT(&agent);	/* keys from the agent */
1687 	TAILQ_INIT(&files);	/* keys from the config file */
1688 	preferred = &authctxt->keys;
1689 	TAILQ_INIT(preferred);	/* preferred order of keys */
1690 
1691 	/* list of keys stored in the filesystem and PKCS#11 */
1692 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_identity_files; i++) {
1693 		key = options.identity_keys[i];
1694 		if (key && key->cert &&
1695 		    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
1696 			debug_f("ignoring certificate %s: not a user "
1697 			    "certificate", options.identity_files[i]);
1698 			continue;
1699 		}
1700 		if (key && sshkey_is_sk(key) && options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1701 			debug_f("ignoring authenticator-hosted key %s as no "
1702 			    "SecurityKeyProvider has been specified",
1703 			    options.identity_files[i]);
1704 			continue;
1705 		}
1706 		options.identity_keys[i] = NULL;
1707 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1708 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1709 		id->key = key;
1710 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.identity_files[i]);
1711 		id->userprovided = options.identity_file_userprovided[i];
1712 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&files, id, next);
1713 	}
1714 	/* list of certificates specified by user */
1715 	for (i = 0; i < options.num_certificate_files; i++) {
1716 		key = options.certificates[i];
1717 		if (!sshkey_is_cert(key) || key->cert == NULL ||
1718 		    key->cert->type != SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER) {
1719 			debug_f("ignoring certificate %s: not a user "
1720 			    "certificate", options.identity_files[i]);
1721 			continue;
1722 		}
1723 		if (key && sshkey_is_sk(key) && options.sk_provider == NULL) {
1724 			debug_f("ignoring authenticator-hosted key "
1725 			    "certificate %s as no "
1726 			    "SecurityKeyProvider has been specified",
1727 			    options.identity_files[i]);
1728 			continue;
1729 		}
1730 		id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1731 		id->agent_fd = -1;
1732 		id->key = key;
1733 		id->filename = xstrdup(options.certificate_files[i]);
1734 		id->userprovided = options.certificate_file_userprovided[i];
1735 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1736 	}
1737 	/* list of keys supported by the agent */
1738 	if ((r = get_agent_identities(ssh, &agent_fd, &idlist)) == 0) {
1739 		for (j = 0; j < idlist->nkeys; j++) {
1740 			if ((r = sshkey_check_rsa_length(idlist->keys[j],
1741 			    options.required_rsa_size)) != 0) {
1742 				debug_fr(r, "ignoring %s agent key",
1743 				    sshkey_ssh_name(idlist->keys[j]));
1744 				continue;
1745 			}
1746 			found = 0;
1747 			TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &files, next) {
1748 				/*
1749 				 * agent keys from the config file are
1750 				 * preferred
1751 				 */
1752 				if (sshkey_equal(idlist->keys[j], id->key)) {
1753 					TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1754 					TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1755 					id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1756 					found = 1;
1757 					break;
1758 				}
1759 			}
1760 			if (!found && !options.identities_only) {
1761 				id = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*id));
1762 				/* XXX "steals" key/comment from idlist */
1763 				id->key = idlist->keys[j];
1764 				id->filename = idlist->comments[j];
1765 				idlist->keys[j] = NULL;
1766 				idlist->comments[j] = NULL;
1767 				id->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1768 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&agent, id, next);
1769 			}
1770 		}
1771 		ssh_free_identitylist(idlist);
1772 		/* append remaining agent keys */
1773 		TAILQ_CONCAT(preferred, &agent, next);
1774 		authctxt->agent_fd = agent_fd;
1775 	}
1776 	/* Prefer PKCS11 keys that are explicitly listed */
1777 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, &files, next, tmp) {
1778 		if (id->key == NULL || (id->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) == 0)
1779 			continue;
1780 		found = 0;
1781 		TAILQ_FOREACH(id2, &files, next) {
1782 			if (id2->key == NULL ||
1783 			    (id2->key->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0)
1784 				continue;
1785 			if (sshkey_equal(id->key, id2->key)) {
1786 				TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1787 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(preferred, id, next);
1788 				found = 1;
1789 				break;
1790 			}
1791 		}
1792 		/* If IdentitiesOnly set and key not found then don't use it */
1793 		if (!found && options.identities_only) {
1794 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&files, id, next);
1795 			freezero(id, sizeof(*id));
1796 		}
1797 	}
1798 	/* append remaining keys from the config file */
1799 	TAILQ_CONCAT(preferred, &files, next);
1800 	/* finally, filter by PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms */
1801 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1802 		disallowed = 0;
1803 		cp = NULL;
1804 		if (id->key == NULL)
1805 			continue;
1806 		if (!key_type_allowed_by_config(id->key)) {
1807 			debug("Skipping %s key %s - corresponding algorithm "
1808 			    "not in PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms",
1809 			    sshkey_ssh_name(id->key), id->filename);
1810 			disallowed = 1;
1811 		} else if (ssh->kex->server_sig_algs != NULL &&
1812 		    (cp = key_sig_algorithm(ssh, id->key)) == NULL) {
1813 			debug("Skipping %s key %s - corresponding algorithm "
1814 			    "not supported by server",
1815 			    sshkey_ssh_name(id->key), id->filename);
1816 			disallowed = 1;
1817 		}
1818 		free(cp);
1819 		if (!disallowed)
1820 			continue;
1821 		/* remove key */
1822 		TAILQ_REMOVE(preferred, id, next);
1823 		sshkey_free(id->key);
1824 		free(id->filename);
1825 		memset(id, 0, sizeof(*id));
1826 	}
1827 	/* List the keys we plan on using */
1828 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(id, preferred, next, id2) {
1829 		ident = format_identity(id);
1830 		debug("Will attempt key: %s", ident);
1831 		free(ident);
1832 	}
1833 	debug2_f("done");
1834 }
1835 
1836 static void
1837 pubkey_cleanup(struct ssh *ssh)
1838 {
1839 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1840 	Identity *id;
1841 
1842 	if (authctxt->agent_fd != -1) {
1843 		ssh_close_authentication_socket(authctxt->agent_fd);
1844 		authctxt->agent_fd = -1;
1845 	}
1846 	for (id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys); id;
1847 	    id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys)) {
1848 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1849 		sshkey_free(id->key);
1850 		free(id->filename);
1851 		free(id);
1852 	}
1853 }
1854 
1855 static void
1856 pubkey_reset(Authctxt *authctxt)
1857 {
1858 	Identity *id;
1859 
1860 	TAILQ_FOREACH(id, &authctxt->keys, next)
1861 		id->tried = 0;
1862 }
1863 
1864 static int
1865 userauth_pubkey(struct ssh *ssh)
1866 {
1867 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1868 	Identity *id;
1869 	int sent = 0;
1870 	char *ident;
1871 	static int prepared;
1872 
1873 	if (!prepared) {
1874 		pubkey_prepare(ssh, authctxt);
1875 		prepared = 1;
1876 	}
1877 
1878 	while ((id = TAILQ_FIRST(&authctxt->keys))) {
1879 		if (id->tried++)
1880 			return (0);
1881 		/* move key to the end of the queue */
1882 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1883 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&authctxt->keys, id, next);
1884 		/*
1885 		 * send a test message if we have the public key. for
1886 		 * encrypted keys we cannot do this and have to load the
1887 		 * private key instead
1888 		 */
1889 		if (id->key != NULL) {
1890 			ident = format_identity(id);
1891 			debug("Offering public key: %s", ident);
1892 			free(ident);
1893 			sent = send_pubkey_test(ssh, id);
1894 		} else {
1895 			debug("Trying private key: %s", id->filename);
1896 			id->key = load_identity_file(id);
1897 			if (id->key != NULL) {
1898 				if (id->key != NULL) {
1899 					id->isprivate = 1;
1900 					sent = sign_and_send_pubkey(ssh, id);
1901 				}
1902 				sshkey_free(id->key);
1903 				id->key = NULL;
1904 				id->isprivate = 0;
1905 			}
1906 		}
1907 		if (sent)
1908 			return (sent);
1909 	}
1910 	return (0);
1911 }
1912 
1913 /*
1914  * Send userauth request message specifying keyboard-interactive method.
1915  */
1916 static int
1917 userauth_kbdint(struct ssh *ssh)
1918 {
1919 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
1920 	int r;
1921 
1922 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint++ >= options.number_of_password_prompts)
1923 		return 0;
1924 	/* disable if no SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST has been seen */
1925 	if (authctxt->attempt_kbdint > 1 && !authctxt->info_req_seen) {
1926 		debug3("userauth_kbdint: disable: no info_req_seen");
1927 		ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, NULL);
1928 		return 0;
1929 	}
1930 
1931 	debug2("userauth_kbdint");
1932 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
1933 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
1934 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
1935 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
1936 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, "")) != 0 ||		/* lang */
1937 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, options.kbd_interactive_devices ?
1938 	    options.kbd_interactive_devices : "")) != 0 ||
1939 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0)
1940 		fatal_fr(r, "send packet");
1941 
1942 	ssh_dispatch_set(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_REQUEST, &input_userauth_info_req);
1943 	return 1;
1944 }
1945 
1946 /*
1947  * parse INFO_REQUEST, prompt user and send INFO_RESPONSE
1948  */
1949 static int
1950 input_userauth_info_req(int type, u_int32_t seq, struct ssh *ssh)
1951 {
1952 	Authctxt *authctxt = ssh->authctxt;
1953 	char *name = NULL, *inst = NULL, *lang = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
1954 	char *display_prompt = NULL, *response = NULL;
1955 	u_char echo = 0;
1956 	u_int num_prompts, i;
1957 	int r;
1958 
1959 	debug2_f("entering");
1960 
1961 	if (authctxt == NULL)
1962 		fatal_f("no authentication context");
1963 
1964 	authctxt->info_req_seen = 1;
1965 
1966 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &name, NULL)) != 0 ||
1967 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &inst, NULL)) != 0 ||
1968 	    (r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &lang, NULL)) != 0)
1969 		goto out;
1970 	if (strlen(name) > 0)
1971 		logit("%s", name);
1972 	if (strlen(inst) > 0)
1973 		logit("%s", inst);
1974 
1975 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_u32(ssh, &num_prompts)) != 0)
1976 		goto out;
1977 	/*
1978 	 * Begin to build info response packet based on prompts requested.
1979 	 * We commit to providing the correct number of responses, so if
1980 	 * further on we run into a problem that prevents this, we have to
1981 	 * be sure and clean this up and send a correct error response.
1982 	 */
1983 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_INFO_RESPONSE)) != 0 ||
1984 	    (r = sshpkt_put_u32(ssh, num_prompts)) != 0)
1985 		goto out;
1986 
1987 	debug2_f("num_prompts %d", num_prompts);
1988 	for (i = 0; i < num_prompts; i++) {
1989 		if ((r = sshpkt_get_cstring(ssh, &prompt, NULL)) != 0 ||
1990 		    (r = sshpkt_get_u8(ssh, &echo)) != 0)
1991 			goto out;
1992 		if (asmprintf(&display_prompt, INT_MAX, NULL, "(%s@%s) %s",
1993 		    authctxt->server_user, options.host_key_alias ?
1994 		    options.host_key_alias : authctxt->host, prompt) == -1)
1995 			fatal_f("asmprintf failed");
1996 		response = read_passphrase(display_prompt, echo ? RP_ECHO : 0);
1997 		if ((r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, response)) != 0)
1998 			goto out;
1999 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
2000 		free(prompt);
2001 		free(display_prompt);
2002 		display_prompt = response = prompt = NULL;
2003 	}
2004 	/* done with parsing incoming message. */
2005 	if ((r = sshpkt_get_end(ssh)) != 0 ||
2006 	    (r = sshpkt_add_padding(ssh, 64)) != 0)
2007 		goto out;
2008 	r = sshpkt_send(ssh);
2009  out:
2010 	if (response)
2011 		freezero(response, strlen(response));
2012 	free(prompt);
2013 	free(display_prompt);
2014 	free(name);
2015 	free(inst);
2016 	free(lang);
2017 	return r;
2018 }
2019 
2020 static int
2021 ssh_keysign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
2022     const u_char *data, size_t datalen)
2023 {
2024 	struct sshbuf *b;
2025 	struct stat st;
2026 	pid_t pid;
2027 	int r, to[2], from[2], status;
2028 	int sock = ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh);
2029 	u_char rversion = 0, version = 2;
2030 	void (*osigchld)(int);
2031 
2032 	*sigp = NULL;
2033 	*lenp = 0;
2034 
2035 	if (stat(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, &st) == -1) {
2036 		error_f("not installed: %s", strerror(errno));
2037 		return -1;
2038 	}
2039 	if (fflush(stdout) != 0) {
2040 		error_f("fflush: %s", strerror(errno));
2041 		return -1;
2042 	}
2043 	if (pipe(to) == -1) {
2044 		error_f("pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
2045 		return -1;
2046 	}
2047 	if (pipe(from) == -1) {
2048 		error_f("pipe: %s", strerror(errno));
2049 		return -1;
2050 	}
2051 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
2052 		error_f("fork: %s", strerror(errno));
2053 		return -1;
2054 	}
2055 	osigchld = ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
2056 	if (pid == 0) {
2057 		close(from[0]);
2058 		if (dup2(from[1], STDOUT_FILENO) == -1)
2059 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2060 		close(to[1]);
2061 		if (dup2(to[0], STDIN_FILENO) == -1)
2062 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2063 		close(from[1]);
2064 		close(to[0]);
2065 
2066 		if (dup2(sock, STDERR_FILENO + 1) == -1)
2067 			fatal_f("dup2: %s", strerror(errno));
2068 		sock = STDERR_FILENO + 1;
2069 		if (fcntl(sock, F_SETFD, 0) == -1) /* keep the socket on exec */
2070 			debug3_f("fcntl F_SETFD: %s", strerror(errno));
2071 		closefrom(sock + 1);
2072 
2073 		debug3_f("[child] pid=%ld, exec %s",
2074 		    (long)getpid(), _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN);
2075 		execl(_PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN, (char *)NULL);
2076 		fatal_f("exec(%s): %s", _PATH_SSH_KEY_SIGN,
2077 		    strerror(errno));
2078 	}
2079 	close(from[1]);
2080 	close(to[0]);
2081 	sock = STDERR_FILENO + 1;
2082 
2083 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2084 		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2085 	/* send # of sock, data to be signed */
2086 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_u32(b, sock)) != 0 ||
2087 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, data, datalen)) != 0)
2088 		fatal_fr(r, "buffer error");
2089 	if (ssh_msg_send(to[1], version, b) == -1)
2090 		fatal_f("couldn't send request");
2091 	sshbuf_reset(b);
2092 	r = ssh_msg_recv(from[0], b);
2093 	close(from[0]);
2094 	close(to[1]);
2095 	if (r < 0) {
2096 		error_f("no reply");
2097 		goto fail;
2098 	}
2099 
2100 	errno = 0;
2101 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
2102 		if (errno != EINTR) {
2103 			error_f("waitpid %ld: %s", (long)pid, strerror(errno));
2104 			goto fail;
2105 		}
2106 	}
2107 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
2108 		error_f("exited abnormally");
2109 		goto fail;
2110 	}
2111 	if (WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
2112 		error_f("exited with status %d", WEXITSTATUS(status));
2113 		goto fail;
2114 	}
2115 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_u8(b, &rversion)) != 0) {
2116 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2117 		goto fail;
2118 	}
2119 	if (rversion != version) {
2120 		error_f("bad version");
2121 		goto fail;
2122 	}
2123 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_string(b, sigp, lenp)) != 0) {
2124 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2125  fail:
2126 		ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
2127 		sshbuf_free(b);
2128 		return -1;
2129 	}
2130 	ssh_signal(SIGCHLD, osigchld);
2131 	sshbuf_free(b);
2132 
2133 	return 0;
2134 }
2135 
2136 static int
2137 userauth_hostbased(struct ssh *ssh)
2138 {
2139 	Authctxt *authctxt = (Authctxt *)ssh->authctxt;
2140 	struct sshkey *private = NULL;
2141 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
2142 	u_char *sig = NULL, *keyblob = NULL;
2143 	char *fp = NULL, *chost = NULL, *lname = NULL;
2144 	size_t siglen = 0, keylen = 0;
2145 	int i, r, success = 0;
2146 
2147 	if (authctxt->ktypes == NULL) {
2148 		authctxt->oktypes = xstrdup(options.hostbased_accepted_algos);
2149 		authctxt->ktypes = authctxt->oktypes;
2150 	}
2151 
2152 	/*
2153 	 * Work through each listed type pattern in HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms,
2154 	 * trying each hostkey that matches the type in turn.
2155 	 */
2156 	for (;;) {
2157 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL)
2158 			authctxt->active_ktype = strsep(&authctxt->ktypes, ",");
2159 		if (authctxt->active_ktype == NULL ||
2160 		    *authctxt->active_ktype == '\0')
2161 			break;
2162 		debug3_f("trying key type %s", authctxt->active_ktype);
2163 
2164 		/* check for a useful key */
2165 		private = NULL;
2166 		for (i = 0; i < authctxt->sensitive->nkeys; i++) {
2167 			if (authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] == NULL ||
2168 			    authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]->type == KEY_UNSPEC)
2169 				continue;
2170 			if (!sshkey_match_keyname_to_sigalgs(
2171 			    sshkey_ssh_name(authctxt->sensitive->keys[i]),
2172 			    authctxt->active_ktype))
2173 				continue;
2174 			/* we take and free the key */
2175 			private = authctxt->sensitive->keys[i];
2176 			authctxt->sensitive->keys[i] = NULL;
2177 			break;
2178 		}
2179 		/* Found one */
2180 		if (private != NULL)
2181 			break;
2182 		/* No more keys of this type; advance */
2183 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
2184 	}
2185 	if (private == NULL) {
2186 		free(authctxt->oktypes);
2187 		authctxt->oktypes = authctxt->ktypes = NULL;
2188 		authctxt->active_ktype = NULL;
2189 		debug("No more client hostkeys for hostbased authentication.");
2190 		goto out;
2191 	}
2192 
2193 	if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(private, options.fingerprint_hash,
2194 	    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL) {
2195 		error_f("sshkey_fingerprint failed");
2196 		goto out;
2197 	}
2198 	debug_f("trying hostkey %s %s using sigalg %s",
2199 	    sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp, authctxt->active_ktype);
2200 
2201 	/* figure out a name for the client host */
2202 	lname = get_local_name(ssh_packet_get_connection_in(ssh));
2203 	if (lname == NULL) {
2204 		error_f("cannot get local ipaddr/name");
2205 		goto out;
2206 	}
2207 
2208 	/* XXX sshbuf_put_stringf? */
2209 	xasprintf(&chost, "%s.", lname);
2210 	debug2_f("chost %s", chost);
2211 
2212 	/* construct data */
2213 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
2214 		error_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2215 		goto out;
2216 	}
2217 	if ((r = sshkey_to_blob(private, &keyblob, &keylen)) != 0) {
2218 		error_fr(r, "sshkey_to_blob");
2219 		goto out;
2220 	}
2221 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, ssh->kex->session_id)) != 0 ||
2222 	    (r = sshbuf_put_u8(b, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2223 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2224 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2225 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2226 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->active_ktype)) != 0 ||
2227 	    (r = sshbuf_put_string(b, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2228 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, chost)) != 0 ||
2229 	    (r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, authctxt->local_user)) != 0) {
2230 		error_fr(r, "buffer error");
2231 		goto out;
2232 	}
2233 
2234 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
2235 	sshbuf_dump(b, stderr);
2236 #endif
2237 	if ((r = ssh_keysign(ssh, private, &sig, &siglen,
2238 	    sshbuf_ptr(b), sshbuf_len(b))) != 0) {
2239 		error("sign using hostkey %s %s failed",
2240 		    sshkey_ssh_name(private), fp);
2241 		goto out;
2242 	}
2243 	if ((r = sshpkt_start(ssh, SSH2_MSG_USERAUTH_REQUEST)) != 0 ||
2244 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->server_user)) != 0 ||
2245 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->service)) != 0 ||
2246 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->method->name)) != 0 ||
2247 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->active_ktype)) != 0 ||
2248 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, keyblob, keylen)) != 0 ||
2249 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, chost)) != 0 ||
2250 	    (r = sshpkt_put_cstring(ssh, authctxt->local_user)) != 0 ||
2251 	    (r = sshpkt_put_string(ssh, sig, siglen)) != 0 ||
2252 	    (r = sshpkt_send(ssh)) != 0) {
2253 		error_fr(r, "packet error");
2254 		goto out;
2255 	}
2256 	success = 1;
2257 
2258  out:
2259 	if (sig != NULL)
2260 		freezero(sig, siglen);
2261 	free(keyblob);
2262 	free(lname);
2263 	free(fp);
2264 	free(chost);
2265 	sshkey_free(private);
2266 	sshbuf_free(b);
2267 
2268 	return success;
2269 }
2270 
2271 /* find auth method */
2272 
2273 /*
2274  * given auth method name, if configurable options permit this method fill
2275  * in auth_ident field and return true, otherwise return false.
2276  */
2277 static int
2278 authmethod_is_enabled(Authmethod *method)
2279 {
2280 	if (method == NULL)
2281 		return 0;
2282 	/* return false if options indicate this method is disabled */
2283 	if  (method->enabled == NULL || *method->enabled == 0)
2284 		return 0;
2285 	/* return false if batch mode is enabled but method needs interactive mode */
2286 	if  (method->batch_flag != NULL && *method->batch_flag != 0)
2287 		return 0;
2288 	return 1;
2289 }
2290 
2291 static Authmethod *
2292 authmethod_lookup(const char *name)
2293 {
2294 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2295 	if (name != NULL)
2296 		for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++)
2297 			if (strcmp(name, method->name) == 0)
2298 				return method;
2299 	debug2("Unrecognized authentication method name: %s", name ? name : "NULL");
2300 	return NULL;
2301 }
2302 
2303 /* XXX internal state */
2304 static Authmethod *current = NULL;
2305 static char *supported = NULL;
2306 static char *preferred = NULL;
2307 
2308 /*
2309  * Given the authentication method list sent by the server, return the
2310  * next method we should try.  If the server initially sends a nil list,
2311  * use a built-in default list.
2312  */
2313 static Authmethod *
2314 authmethod_get(char *authlist)
2315 {
2316 	char *name = NULL;
2317 	u_int next;
2318 
2319 	/* Use a suitable default if we're passed a nil list.  */
2320 	if (authlist == NULL || strlen(authlist) == 0)
2321 		authlist = options.preferred_authentications;
2322 
2323 	if (supported == NULL || strcmp(authlist, supported) != 0) {
2324 		debug3("start over, passed a different list %s", authlist);
2325 		free(supported);
2326 		supported = xstrdup(authlist);
2327 		preferred = options.preferred_authentications;
2328 		debug3("preferred %s", preferred);
2329 		current = NULL;
2330 	} else if (current != NULL && authmethod_is_enabled(current))
2331 		return current;
2332 
2333 	for (;;) {
2334 		if ((name = match_list(preferred, supported, &next)) == NULL) {
2335 			debug("No more authentication methods to try.");
2336 			current = NULL;
2337 			return NULL;
2338 		}
2339 		preferred += next;
2340 		debug3("authmethod_lookup %s", name);
2341 		debug3("remaining preferred: %s", preferred);
2342 		if ((current = authmethod_lookup(name)) != NULL &&
2343 		    authmethod_is_enabled(current)) {
2344 			debug3("authmethod_is_enabled %s", name);
2345 			debug("Next authentication method: %s", name);
2346 			free(name);
2347 			return current;
2348 		}
2349 		free(name);
2350 	}
2351 }
2352 
2353 static char *
2354 authmethods_get(void)
2355 {
2356 	Authmethod *method = NULL;
2357 	struct sshbuf *b;
2358 	char *list;
2359 	int r;
2360 
2361 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL)
2362 		fatal_f("sshbuf_new failed");
2363 	for (method = authmethods; method->name != NULL; method++) {
2364 		if (authmethod_is_enabled(method)) {
2365 			if ((r = sshbuf_putf(b, "%s%s",
2366 			    sshbuf_len(b) ? "," : "", method->name)) != 0)
2367 				fatal_fr(r, "buffer error");
2368 		}
2369 	}
2370 	if ((list = sshbuf_dup_string(b)) == NULL)
2371 		fatal_f("sshbuf_dup_string failed");
2372 	sshbuf_free(b);
2373 	return list;
2374 }
2375