xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/ssh-rsa.c (revision f5147e312f43a9050468de539aeafa072caa1a60)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-rsa.c,v 1.60 2016/09/12 23:39:34 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2003 Markus Friedl <markus@openbsd.org>
4  *
5  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
6  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
7  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
8  *
9  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
10  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
11  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
12  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
13  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
14  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
15  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
16  */
17 
18 #include "includes.h"
19 
20 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
21 
22 #include <sys/types.h>
23 
24 #include <openssl/evp.h>
25 #include <openssl/err.h>
26 
27 #include <stdarg.h>
28 #include <string.h>
29 
30 #include "sshbuf.h"
31 #include "compat.h"
32 #include "ssherr.h"
33 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
34 #include "sshkey.h"
35 #include "digest.h"
36 
37 static int openssh_RSA_verify(int, u_char *, size_t, u_char *, size_t, RSA *);
38 
39 static const char *
40 rsa_hash_alg_ident(int hash_alg)
41 {
42 	switch (hash_alg) {
43 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
44 		return "ssh-rsa";
45 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
46 		return "rsa-sha2-256";
47 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
48 		return "rsa-sha2-512";
49 	}
50 	return NULL;
51 }
52 
53 static int
54 rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(const char *ident)
55 {
56 	if (strcmp(ident, "ssh-rsa") == 0 ||
57 	    strcmp(ident, "ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com") == 0)
58 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA1;
59 	if (strcmp(ident, "rsa-sha2-256") == 0)
60 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA256;
61 	if (strcmp(ident, "rsa-sha2-512") == 0)
62 		return SSH_DIGEST_SHA512;
63 	return -1;
64 }
65 
66 static int
67 rsa_hash_alg_nid(int type)
68 {
69 	switch (type) {
70 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
71 		return NID_sha1;
72 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
73 		return NID_sha256;
74 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
75 		return NID_sha512;
76 	default:
77 		return -1;
78 	}
79 }
80 
81 /* RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (PKCS #1 v2.0 signature) with SHA1 */
82 int
83 ssh_rsa_sign(const struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
84     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *alg_ident)
85 {
86 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH], *sig = NULL;
87 	size_t slen;
88 	u_int dlen, len;
89 	int nid, hash_alg, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
90 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
91 
92 	if (lenp != NULL)
93 		*lenp = 0;
94 	if (sigp != NULL)
95 		*sigp = NULL;
96 
97 	if (alg_ident == NULL || strlen(alg_ident) == 0)
98 		hash_alg = SSH_DIGEST_SHA1;
99 	else
100 		hash_alg = rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(alg_ident);
101 	if (key == NULL || key->rsa == NULL || hash_alg == -1 ||
102 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_RSA ||
103 	    BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE)
104 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
105 	slen = RSA_size(key->rsa);
106 	if (slen <= 0 || slen > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM)
107 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
108 
109 	/* hash the data */
110 	nid = rsa_hash_alg_nid(hash_alg);
111 	if ((dlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0)
112 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
113 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, datalen,
114 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
115 		goto out;
116 
117 	if ((sig = malloc(slen)) == NULL) {
118 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
119 		goto out;
120 	}
121 
122 	if (RSA_sign(nid, digest, dlen, sig, &len, key->rsa) != 1) {
123 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
124 		goto out;
125 	}
126 	if (len < slen) {
127 		size_t diff = slen - len;
128 		memmove(sig + diff, sig, len);
129 		explicit_bzero(sig, diff);
130 	} else if (len > slen) {
131 		ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
132 		goto out;
133 	}
134 	/* encode signature */
135 	if ((b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
136 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
137 		goto out;
138 	}
139 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, rsa_hash_alg_ident(hash_alg))) != 0 ||
140 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_string(b, sig, slen)) != 0)
141 		goto out;
142 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
143 	if (sigp != NULL) {
144 		if ((*sigp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
145 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
146 			goto out;
147 		}
148 		memcpy(*sigp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
149 	}
150 	if (lenp != NULL)
151 		*lenp = len;
152 	ret = 0;
153  out:
154 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
155 	if (sig != NULL) {
156 		explicit_bzero(sig, slen);
157 		free(sig);
158 	}
159 	sshbuf_free(b);
160 	return ret;
161 }
162 
163 int
164 ssh_rsa_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
165     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen, const u_char *data, size_t datalen)
166 {
167 	char *ktype = NULL;
168 	int hash_alg, ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
169 	size_t len, diff, modlen, dlen;
170 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL;
171 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH], *osigblob, *sigblob = NULL;
172 
173 	if (key == NULL || key->rsa == NULL ||
174 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_RSA ||
175 	    BN_num_bits(key->rsa->n) < SSH_RSA_MINIMUM_MODULUS_SIZE ||
176 	    sig == NULL || siglen == 0)
177 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
178 
179 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(sig, siglen)) == NULL)
180 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
181 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0) {
182 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
183 		goto out;
184 	}
185 	if ((hash_alg = rsa_hash_alg_from_ident(ktype)) == -1) {
186 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
187 		goto out;
188 	}
189 	if (sshbuf_get_string(b, &sigblob, &len) != 0) {
190 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
191 		goto out;
192 	}
193 	if (sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
194 		ret = SSH_ERR_UNEXPECTED_TRAILING_DATA;
195 		goto out;
196 	}
197 	/* RSA_verify expects a signature of RSA_size */
198 	modlen = RSA_size(key->rsa);
199 	if (len > modlen) {
200 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_BITS_MISMATCH;
201 		goto out;
202 	} else if (len < modlen) {
203 		diff = modlen - len;
204 		osigblob = sigblob;
205 		if ((sigblob = realloc(sigblob, modlen)) == NULL) {
206 			sigblob = osigblob; /* put it back for clear/free */
207 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
208 			goto out;
209 		}
210 		memmove(sigblob + diff, sigblob, len);
211 		explicit_bzero(sigblob, diff);
212 		len = modlen;
213 	}
214 	if ((dlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0) {
215 		ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
216 		goto out;
217 	}
218 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, datalen,
219 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
220 		goto out;
221 
222 	ret = openssh_RSA_verify(hash_alg, digest, dlen, sigblob, len,
223 	    key->rsa);
224  out:
225 	if (sigblob != NULL) {
226 		explicit_bzero(sigblob, len);
227 		free(sigblob);
228 	}
229 	free(ktype);
230 	sshbuf_free(b);
231 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
232 	return ret;
233 }
234 
235 /*
236  * See:
237  * http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/pkcs/pkcs-1/
238  * ftp://ftp.rsasecurity.com/pub/pkcs/pkcs-1/pkcs-1v2-1.asn
239  */
240 
241 /*
242  * id-sha1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
243  *	oiw(14) secsig(3) algorithms(2) 26 }
244  */
245 static const u_char id_sha1[] = {
246 	0x30, 0x21, /* type Sequence, length 0x21 (33) */
247 	0x30, 0x09, /* type Sequence, length 0x09 */
248 	0x06, 0x05, /* type OID, length 0x05 */
249 	0x2b, 0x0e, 0x03, 0x02, 0x1a, /* id-sha1 OID */
250 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
251 	0x04, 0x14  /* Octet string, length 0x14 (20), followed by sha1 hash */
252 };
253 
254 /*
255  * See http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/crypto_apps_infra/csor/algorithms.html
256  * id-sha256 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16) us(840)
257  *      organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4) hashAlgs(2)
258  *      id-sha256(1) }
259  */
260 static const u_char id_sha256[] = {
261 	0x30, 0x31, /* type Sequence, length 0x31 (49) */
262 	0x30, 0x0d, /* type Sequence, length 0x0d (13) */
263 	0x06, 0x09, /* type OID, length 0x09 */
264 	0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x01, /* id-sha256 */
265 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
266 	0x04, 0x20  /* Octet string, length 0x20 (32), followed by sha256 hash */
267 };
268 
269 /*
270  * See http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/ST/crypto_apps_infra/csor/algorithms.html
271  * id-sha512 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16) us(840)
272  *      organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4) hashAlgs(2)
273  *      id-sha256(3) }
274  */
275 static const u_char id_sha512[] = {
276 	0x30, 0x51, /* type Sequence, length 0x51 (81) */
277 	0x30, 0x0d, /* type Sequence, length 0x0d (13) */
278 	0x06, 0x09, /* type OID, length 0x09 */
279 	0x60, 0x86, 0x48, 0x01, 0x65, 0x03, 0x04, 0x02, 0x03, /* id-sha512 */
280 	0x05, 0x00, /* NULL */
281 	0x04, 0x40  /* Octet string, length 0x40 (64), followed by sha512 hash */
282 };
283 
284 static int
285 rsa_hash_alg_oid(int hash_alg, const u_char **oidp, size_t *oidlenp)
286 {
287 	switch (hash_alg) {
288 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA1:
289 		*oidp = id_sha1;
290 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha1);
291 		break;
292 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA256:
293 		*oidp = id_sha256;
294 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha256);
295 		break;
296 	case SSH_DIGEST_SHA512:
297 		*oidp = id_sha512;
298 		*oidlenp = sizeof(id_sha512);
299 		break;
300 	default:
301 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
302 	}
303 	return 0;
304 }
305 
306 static int
307 openssh_RSA_verify(int hash_alg, u_char *hash, size_t hashlen,
308     u_char *sigbuf, size_t siglen, RSA *rsa)
309 {
310 	size_t rsasize = 0, oidlen = 0, hlen = 0;
311 	int ret, len, oidmatch, hashmatch;
312 	const u_char *oid = NULL;
313 	u_char *decrypted = NULL;
314 
315 	if ((ret = rsa_hash_alg_oid(hash_alg, &oid, &oidlen)) != 0)
316 		return ret;
317 	ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
318 	hlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg);
319 	if (hashlen != hlen) {
320 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
321 		goto done;
322 	}
323 	rsasize = RSA_size(rsa);
324 	if (rsasize <= 0 || rsasize > SSHBUF_MAX_BIGNUM ||
325 	    siglen == 0 || siglen > rsasize) {
326 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
327 		goto done;
328 	}
329 	if ((decrypted = malloc(rsasize)) == NULL) {
330 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
331 		goto done;
332 	}
333 	if ((len = RSA_public_decrypt(siglen, sigbuf, decrypted, rsa,
334 	    RSA_PKCS1_PADDING)) < 0) {
335 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
336 		goto done;
337 	}
338 	if (len < 0 || (size_t)len != hlen + oidlen) {
339 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
340 		goto done;
341 	}
342 	oidmatch = timingsafe_bcmp(decrypted, oid, oidlen) == 0;
343 	hashmatch = timingsafe_bcmp(decrypted + oidlen, hash, hlen) == 0;
344 	if (!oidmatch || !hashmatch) {
345 		ret = SSH_ERR_SIGNATURE_INVALID;
346 		goto done;
347 	}
348 	ret = 0;
349 done:
350 	if (decrypted) {
351 		explicit_bzero(decrypted, rsasize);
352 		free(decrypted);
353 	}
354 	return ret;
355 }
356 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL */
357