xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/ssh-ecdsa.c (revision 370e009188ba90c3290b1479aa06ec98b66e140a)
1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-ecdsa.c,v 1.25 2022/10/28 00:44:44 djm Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
4  * Copyright (c) 2010 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include "includes.h"
28 
29 #if defined(WITH_OPENSSL) && defined(OPENSSL_HAS_ECC)
30 
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 
33 #include <openssl/bn.h>
34 #include <openssl/ec.h>
35 #include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
36 #include <openssl/evp.h>
37 
38 #include <string.h>
39 
40 #include "sshbuf.h"
41 #include "ssherr.h"
42 #include "digest.h"
43 #define SSHKEY_INTERNAL
44 #include "sshkey.h"
45 
46 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
47 
48 static u_int
49 ssh_ecdsa_size(const struct sshkey *key)
50 {
51 	switch (key->ecdsa_nid) {
52 	case NID_X9_62_prime256v1:
53 		return 256;
54 	case NID_secp384r1:
55 		return 384;
56 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
57 	case NID_secp521r1:
58 		return 521;
59 #endif
60 	default:
61 		return 0;
62 	}
63 }
64 
65 static void
66 ssh_ecdsa_cleanup(struct sshkey *k)
67 {
68 	EC_KEY_free(k->ecdsa);
69 	k->ecdsa = NULL;
70 }
71 
72 static int
73 ssh_ecdsa_equal(const struct sshkey *a, const struct sshkey *b)
74 {
75 	const EC_GROUP *grp_a, *grp_b;
76 	const EC_POINT *pub_a, *pub_b;
77 
78 	if (a->ecdsa == NULL || b->ecdsa == NULL)
79 		return 0;
80 	if ((grp_a = EC_KEY_get0_group(a->ecdsa)) == NULL ||
81 	    (grp_b = EC_KEY_get0_group(b->ecdsa)) == NULL)
82 		return 0;
83 	if ((pub_a = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(a->ecdsa)) == NULL ||
84 	    (pub_b = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(b->ecdsa)) == NULL)
85 		return 0;
86 	if (EC_GROUP_cmp(grp_a, grp_b, NULL) != 0)
87 		return 0;
88 	if (EC_POINT_cmp(grp_a, pub_a, pub_b, NULL) != 0)
89 		return 0;
90 
91 	return 1;
92 }
93 
94 static int
95 ssh_ecdsa_serialize_public(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b,
96     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
97 {
98 	int r;
99 
100 	if (key->ecdsa == NULL)
101 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
102 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_cstring(b,
103 	    sshkey_curve_nid_to_name(key->ecdsa_nid))) != 0 ||
104 	    (r = sshbuf_put_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0)
105 		return r;
106 
107 	return 0;
108 }
109 
110 static int
111 ssh_ecdsa_serialize_private(const struct sshkey *key, struct sshbuf *b,
112     enum sshkey_serialize_rep opts)
113 {
114 	int r;
115 
116 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
117 		if ((r = ssh_ecdsa_serialize_public(key, b, opts)) != 0)
118 			return r;
119 	}
120 	if ((r = sshbuf_put_bignum2(b,
121 	    EC_KEY_get0_private_key(key->ecdsa))) != 0)
122 		return r;
123 	return 0;
124 }
125 
126 static int
127 ssh_ecdsa_generate(struct sshkey *k, int bits)
128 {
129 	EC_KEY *private;
130 
131 	if ((k->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(bits)) == -1)
132 		return SSH_ERR_KEY_LENGTH;
133 	if ((private = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(k->ecdsa_nid)) == NULL)
134 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
135 	if (EC_KEY_generate_key(private) != 1) {
136 		EC_KEY_free(private);
137 		return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
138 	}
139 	EC_KEY_set_asn1_flag(private, OPENSSL_EC_NAMED_CURVE);
140 	k->ecdsa = private;
141 	return 0;
142 }
143 
144 static int
145 ssh_ecdsa_copy_public(const struct sshkey *from, struct sshkey *to)
146 {
147 	to->ecdsa_nid = from->ecdsa_nid;
148 	if ((to->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(from->ecdsa_nid)) == NULL)
149 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
150 	if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(to->ecdsa,
151 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(from->ecdsa)) != 1)
152 		return SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR; /* caller will free k->ecdsa */
153 	return 0;
154 }
155 
156 static int
157 ssh_ecdsa_deserialize_public(const char *ktype, struct sshbuf *b,
158     struct sshkey *key)
159 {
160 	int r;
161 	char *curve = NULL;
162 
163 	if ((key->ecdsa_nid = sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(ktype)) == -1)
164 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
165 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &curve, NULL)) != 0)
166 		goto out;
167 	if (key->ecdsa_nid != sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(curve)) {
168 		r = SSH_ERR_EC_CURVE_MISMATCH;
169 		goto out;
170 	}
171 	EC_KEY_free(key->ecdsa);
172 	key->ecdsa = NULL;
173 	if ((key->ecdsa = EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(key->ecdsa_nid)) == NULL) {
174 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
175 		goto out;
176 	}
177 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_eckey(b, key->ecdsa)) != 0)
178 		goto out;
179 	if (sshkey_ec_validate_public(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa),
180 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(key->ecdsa)) != 0) {
181 		r = SSH_ERR_KEY_INVALID_EC_VALUE;
182 		goto out;
183 	}
184 	/* success */
185 	r = 0;
186 #ifdef DEBUG_PK
187 	sshkey_dump_ec_point(EC_KEY_get0_group(key->ecdsa),
188 	    EC_KEY_get0_public_key(key->ecdsa));
189 #endif
190  out:
191 	free(curve);
192 	if (r != 0) {
193 		EC_KEY_free(key->ecdsa);
194 		key->ecdsa = NULL;
195 	}
196 	return r;
197 }
198 
199 static int
200 ssh_ecdsa_deserialize_private(const char *ktype, struct sshbuf *b,
201     struct sshkey *key)
202 {
203 	int r;
204 	BIGNUM *exponent = NULL;
205 
206 	if (!sshkey_is_cert(key)) {
207 		if ((r = ssh_ecdsa_deserialize_public(ktype, b, key)) != 0)
208 			return r;
209 	}
210 	if ((r = sshbuf_get_bignum2(b, &exponent)) != 0)
211 		goto out;
212 	if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(key->ecdsa, exponent) != 1) {
213 		r = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
214 		goto out;
215 	}
216 	if ((r = sshkey_ec_validate_private(key->ecdsa)) != 0)
217 		goto out;
218 	/* success */
219 	r = 0;
220  out:
221 	BN_clear_free(exponent);
222 	return r;
223 }
224 
225 /* ARGSUSED */
226 static int
227 ssh_ecdsa_sign(struct sshkey *key,
228     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
229     const u_char *data, size_t dlen,
230     const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, u_int compat)
231 {
232 	ECDSA_SIG *esig = NULL;
233 	const BIGNUM *sig_r, *sig_s;
234 	int hash_alg;
235 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
236 	size_t len, hlen;
237 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL, *bb = NULL;
238 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
239 
240 	if (lenp != NULL)
241 		*lenp = 0;
242 	if (sigp != NULL)
243 		*sigp = NULL;
244 
245 	if (key == NULL || key->ecdsa == NULL ||
246 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_ECDSA)
247 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
248 
249 	if ((hash_alg = sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(key->ecdsa_nid)) == -1 ||
250 	    (hlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0)
251 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
252 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, dlen,
253 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
254 		goto out;
255 
256 	if ((esig = ECDSA_do_sign(digest, hlen, key->ecdsa)) == NULL) {
257 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
258 		goto out;
259 	}
260 
261 	if ((bb = sshbuf_new()) == NULL || (b = sshbuf_new()) == NULL) {
262 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
263 		goto out;
264 	}
265 	ECDSA_SIG_get0(esig, &sig_r, &sig_s);
266 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(bb, sig_r)) != 0 ||
267 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_bignum2(bb, sig_s)) != 0)
268 		goto out;
269 	if ((ret = sshbuf_put_cstring(b, sshkey_ssh_name_plain(key))) != 0 ||
270 	    (ret = sshbuf_put_stringb(b, bb)) != 0)
271 		goto out;
272 	len = sshbuf_len(b);
273 	if (sigp != NULL) {
274 		if ((*sigp = malloc(len)) == NULL) {
275 			ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
276 			goto out;
277 		}
278 		memcpy(*sigp, sshbuf_ptr(b), len);
279 	}
280 	if (lenp != NULL)
281 		*lenp = len;
282 	ret = 0;
283  out:
284 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
285 	sshbuf_free(b);
286 	sshbuf_free(bb);
287 	ECDSA_SIG_free(esig);
288 	return ret;
289 }
290 
291 /* ARGSUSED */
292 static int
293 ssh_ecdsa_verify(const struct sshkey *key,
294     const u_char *sig, size_t siglen,
295     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg, u_int compat,
296     struct sshkey_sig_details **detailsp)
297 {
298 	ECDSA_SIG *esig = NULL;
299 	BIGNUM *sig_r = NULL, *sig_s = NULL;
300 	int hash_alg;
301 	u_char digest[SSH_DIGEST_MAX_LENGTH];
302 	size_t hlen;
303 	int ret = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
304 	struct sshbuf *b = NULL, *sigbuf = NULL;
305 	char *ktype = NULL;
306 
307 	if (key == NULL || key->ecdsa == NULL ||
308 	    sshkey_type_plain(key->type) != KEY_ECDSA ||
309 	    sig == NULL || siglen == 0)
310 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
311 
312 	if ((hash_alg = sshkey_ec_nid_to_hash_alg(key->ecdsa_nid)) == -1 ||
313 	    (hlen = ssh_digest_bytes(hash_alg)) == 0)
314 		return SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
315 
316 	/* fetch signature */
317 	if ((b = sshbuf_from(sig, siglen)) == NULL)
318 		return SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
319 	if (sshbuf_get_cstring(b, &ktype, NULL) != 0 ||
320 	    sshbuf_froms(b, &sigbuf) != 0) {
321 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
322 		goto out;
323 	}
324 	if (strcmp(sshkey_ssh_name_plain(key), ktype) != 0) {
325 		ret = SSH_ERR_KEY_TYPE_MISMATCH;
326 		goto out;
327 	}
328 	if (sshbuf_len(b) != 0) {
329 		ret = SSH_ERR_UNEXPECTED_TRAILING_DATA;
330 		goto out;
331 	}
332 
333 	/* parse signature */
334 	if (sshbuf_get_bignum2(sigbuf, &sig_r) != 0 ||
335 	    sshbuf_get_bignum2(sigbuf, &sig_s) != 0) {
336 		ret = SSH_ERR_INVALID_FORMAT;
337 		goto out;
338 	}
339 	if ((esig = ECDSA_SIG_new()) == NULL) {
340 		ret = SSH_ERR_ALLOC_FAIL;
341 		goto out;
342 	}
343 	if (!ECDSA_SIG_set0(esig, sig_r, sig_s)) {
344 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
345 		goto out;
346 	}
347 	sig_r = sig_s = NULL; /* transferred */
348 
349 	if (sshbuf_len(sigbuf) != 0) {
350 		ret = SSH_ERR_UNEXPECTED_TRAILING_DATA;
351 		goto out;
352 	}
353 	if ((ret = ssh_digest_memory(hash_alg, data, dlen,
354 	    digest, sizeof(digest))) != 0)
355 		goto out;
356 
357 	switch (ECDSA_do_verify(digest, hlen, esig, key->ecdsa)) {
358 	case 1:
359 		ret = 0;
360 		break;
361 	case 0:
362 		ret = SSH_ERR_SIGNATURE_INVALID;
363 		goto out;
364 	default:
365 		ret = SSH_ERR_LIBCRYPTO_ERROR;
366 		goto out;
367 	}
368 
369  out:
370 	explicit_bzero(digest, sizeof(digest));
371 	sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
372 	sshbuf_free(b);
373 	ECDSA_SIG_free(esig);
374 	BN_clear_free(sig_r);
375 	BN_clear_free(sig_s);
376 	free(ktype);
377 	return ret;
378 }
379 
380 /* NB. not static; used by ECDSA-SK */
381 const struct sshkey_impl_funcs sshkey_ecdsa_funcs = {
382 	/* .size = */		ssh_ecdsa_size,
383 	/* .alloc = */		NULL,
384 	/* .cleanup = */	ssh_ecdsa_cleanup,
385 	/* .equal = */		ssh_ecdsa_equal,
386 	/* .ssh_serialize_public = */ ssh_ecdsa_serialize_public,
387 	/* .ssh_deserialize_public = */ ssh_ecdsa_deserialize_public,
388 	/* .ssh_serialize_private = */ ssh_ecdsa_serialize_private,
389 	/* .ssh_deserialize_private = */ ssh_ecdsa_deserialize_private,
390 	/* .generate = */	ssh_ecdsa_generate,
391 	/* .copy_public = */	ssh_ecdsa_copy_public,
392 	/* .sign = */		ssh_ecdsa_sign,
393 	/* .verify = */		ssh_ecdsa_verify,
394 };
395 
396 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp256_impl = {
397 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp256",
398 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA",
399 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
400 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA,
401 	/* .nid = */		NID_X9_62_prime256v1,
402 	/* .cert = */		0,
403 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
404 	/* .keybits = */	0,
405 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
406 };
407 
408 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp256_cert_impl = {
409 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com",
410 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA-CERT",
411 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
412 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA_CERT,
413 	/* .nid = */		NID_X9_62_prime256v1,
414 	/* .cert = */		1,
415 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
416 	/* .keybits = */	0,
417 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
418 };
419 
420 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp384_impl = {
421 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp384",
422 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA",
423 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
424 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA,
425 	/* .nid = */		NID_secp384r1,
426 	/* .cert = */		0,
427 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
428 	/* .keybits = */	0,
429 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
430 };
431 
432 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp384_cert_impl = {
433 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com",
434 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA-CERT",
435 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
436 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA_CERT,
437 	/* .nid = */		NID_secp384r1,
438 	/* .cert = */		1,
439 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
440 	/* .keybits = */	0,
441 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
442 };
443 
444 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_NISTP521
445 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp521_impl = {
446 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp521",
447 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA",
448 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
449 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA,
450 	/* .nid = */		NID_secp521r1,
451 	/* .cert = */		0,
452 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
453 	/* .keybits = */	0,
454 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
455 };
456 
457 const struct sshkey_impl sshkey_ecdsa_nistp521_cert_impl = {
458 	/* .name = */		"ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com",
459 	/* .shortname = */	"ECDSA-CERT",
460 	/* .sigalg = */		NULL,
461 	/* .type = */		KEY_ECDSA_CERT,
462 	/* .nid = */		NID_secp521r1,
463 	/* .cert = */		1,
464 	/* .sigonly = */	0,
465 	/* .keybits = */	0,
466 	/* .funcs = */		&sshkey_ecdsa_funcs,
467 };
468 #endif
469 
470 #endif /* WITH_OPENSSL && OPENSSL_HAS_ECC */
471