xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/scp.1 (revision fe6060f10f634930ff71b7c50291ddc610da2475)
1.\"
2.\" scp.1
3.\"
4.\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
5.\"
6.\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
7.\"                    All rights reserved
8.\"
9.\" Created: Sun May  7 00:14:37 1995 ylo
10.\"
11.\" $OpenBSD: scp.1,v 1.100 2021/08/11 14:07:54 naddy Exp $
12.\"
13.Dd $Mdocdate: August 11 2021 $
14.Dt SCP 1
15.Os
16.Sh NAME
17.Nm scp
18.Nd OpenSSH secure file copy
19.Sh SYNOPSIS
20.Nm scp
21.Op Fl 346ABCOpqRrsTv
22.Op Fl c Ar cipher
23.Op Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
24.Op Fl F Ar ssh_config
25.Op Fl i Ar identity_file
26.Op Fl J Ar destination
27.Op Fl l Ar limit
28.Op Fl o Ar ssh_option
29.Op Fl P Ar port
30.Op Fl S Ar program
31.Ar source ... target
32.Sh DESCRIPTION
33.Nm
34copies files between hosts on a network.
35.Pp
36It uses
37.Xr ssh 1
38for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the
39same security as a login session.
40The scp protocol requires execution of the remote user's shell to perform
41.Xr glob 3
42pattern matching.
43.Pp
44.Nm
45will ask for passwords or passphrases if they are needed for
46authentication.
47.Pp
48The
49.Ar source
50and
51.Ar target
52may be specified as a local pathname, a remote host with optional path
53in the form
54.Sm off
55.Oo user @ Oc host : Op path ,
56.Sm on
57or a URI in the form
58.Sm off
59.No scp:// Oo user @ Oc host Oo : port Oc Op / path .
60.Sm on
61Local file names can be made explicit using absolute or relative pathnames
62to avoid
63.Nm
64treating file names containing
65.Sq :\&
66as host specifiers.
67.Pp
68When copying between two remote hosts, if the URI format is used, a
69.Ar port
70cannot be specified on the
71.Ar target
72if the
73.Fl R
74option is used.
75.Pp
76The options are as follows:
77.Bl -tag -width Ds
78.It Fl 3
79Copies between two remote hosts are transferred through the local host.
80Without this option the data is copied directly between the two remote
81hosts.
82Note that, when using the legacy SCP protocol (the default), this option
83selects batch mode for the second host as
84.Nm
85cannot ask for passwords or passphrases for both hosts.
86This mode is the default.
87.It Fl 4
88Forces
89.Nm
90to use IPv4 addresses only.
91.It Fl 6
92Forces
93.Nm
94to use IPv6 addresses only.
95.It Fl A
96Allows forwarding of
97.Xr ssh-agent 1
98to the remote system.
99The default is not to forward an authentication agent.
100.It Fl B
101Selects batch mode (prevents asking for passwords or passphrases).
102.It Fl C
103Compression enable.
104Passes the
105.Fl C
106flag to
107.Xr ssh 1
108to enable compression.
109.It Fl c Ar cipher
110Selects the cipher to use for encrypting the data transfer.
111This option is directly passed to
112.Xr ssh 1 .
113.It Fl D Ar sftp_server_path
114When using the SFTP protocol support via
115.Fl M ,
116connect directly to a local SFTP server program rather than a
117remote one via
118.Xr ssh 1 .
119This option may be useful in debugging the client and server.
120.It Fl F Ar ssh_config
121Specifies an alternative
122per-user configuration file for
123.Nm ssh .
124This option is directly passed to
125.Xr ssh 1 .
126.It Fl i Ar identity_file
127Selects the file from which the identity (private key) for public key
128authentication is read.
129This option is directly passed to
130.Xr ssh 1 .
131.It Fl J Ar destination
132Connect to the target host by first making an
133.Nm
134connection to the jump host described by
135.Ar destination
136and then establishing a TCP forwarding to the ultimate destination from
137there.
138Multiple jump hops may be specified separated by comma characters.
139This is a shortcut to specify a
140.Cm ProxyJump
141configuration directive.
142This option is directly passed to
143.Xr ssh 1 .
144.It Fl l Ar limit
145Limits the used bandwidth, specified in Kbit/s.
146.It Fl O
147Use the legacy SCP protocol for file transfers instead of the SFTP protocol.
148Forcing the use of the SCP protocol may be necessary for servers that do
149not implement SFTP or for backwards-compatibility for particular filename
150wildcard patterns.
151This mode is the default.
152.It Fl o Ar ssh_option
153Can be used to pass options to
154.Nm ssh
155in the format used in
156.Xr ssh_config 5 .
157This is useful for specifying options
158for which there is no separate
159.Nm scp
160command-line flag.
161For full details of the options listed below, and their possible values, see
162.Xr ssh_config 5 .
163.Pp
164.Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
165.It AddressFamily
166.It BatchMode
167.It BindAddress
168.It BindInterface
169.It CanonicalDomains
170.It CanonicalizeFallbackLocal
171.It CanonicalizeHostname
172.It CanonicalizeMaxDots
173.It CanonicalizePermittedCNAMEs
174.It CASignatureAlgorithms
175.It CertificateFile
176.It CheckHostIP
177.It Ciphers
178.It Compression
179.It ConnectionAttempts
180.It ConnectTimeout
181.It ControlMaster
182.It ControlPath
183.It ControlPersist
184.It GlobalKnownHostsFile
185.It GSSAPIAuthentication
186.It GSSAPIDelegateCredentials
187.It HashKnownHosts
188.It Host
189.It HostbasedAcceptedAlgorithms
190.It HostbasedAuthentication
191.It HostKeyAlgorithms
192.It HostKeyAlias
193.It Hostname
194.It IdentitiesOnly
195.It IdentityAgent
196.It IdentityFile
197.It IPQoS
198.It KbdInteractiveAuthentication
199.It KbdInteractiveDevices
200.It KexAlgorithms
201.It KnownHostsCommand
202.It LogLevel
203.It MACs
204.It NoHostAuthenticationForLocalhost
205.It NumberOfPasswordPrompts
206.It PasswordAuthentication
207.It PKCS11Provider
208.It Port
209.It PreferredAuthentications
210.It ProxyCommand
211.It ProxyJump
212.It PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms
213.It PubkeyAuthentication
214.It RekeyLimit
215.It SendEnv
216.It ServerAliveInterval
217.It ServerAliveCountMax
218.It SetEnv
219.It StrictHostKeyChecking
220.It TCPKeepAlive
221.It UpdateHostKeys
222.It User
223.It UserKnownHostsFile
224.It VerifyHostKeyDNS
225.El
226.It Fl P Ar port
227Specifies the port to connect to on the remote host.
228Note that this option is written with a capital
229.Sq P ,
230because
231.Fl p
232is already reserved for preserving the times and modes of the file.
233.It Fl p
234Preserves modification times, access times, and modes from the
235original file.
236.It Fl q
237Quiet mode: disables the progress meter as well as warning and diagnostic
238messages from
239.Xr ssh 1 .
240.It Fl R
241Copies between two remote hosts are performed by connecting to the origin
242host and executing
243.Nm
244there.
245This requires that
246.Nm
247running on the origin host can authenticate to the destination host without
248requiring a password.
249.It Fl r
250Recursively copy entire directories.
251Note that
252.Nm
253follows symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal.
254.It Fl S Ar program
255Name of
256.Ar program
257to use for the encrypted connection.
258The program must understand
259.Xr ssh 1
260options.
261.It Fl s
262Use the SFTP protocol for file transfers instead of the legacy SCP protocol.
263Using SFTP avoids invoking a shell on the remote side and provides
264more predictable filename handling, as the SCP protocol
265relied on the remote shell for expanding
266.Xr glob 3
267wildcards.
268.Pp
269A near-future release of OpenSSH will make the SFTP protocol the default.
270This option will be deleted before the end of 2022.
271.It Fl T
272Disable strict filename checking.
273By default when copying files from a remote host to a local directory
274.Nm
275checks that the received filenames match those requested on the command-line
276to prevent the remote end from sending unexpected or unwanted files.
277Because of differences in how various operating systems and shells interpret
278filename wildcards, these checks may cause wanted files to be rejected.
279This option disables these checks at the expense of fully trusting that
280the server will not send unexpected filenames.
281.It Fl v
282Verbose mode.
283Causes
284.Nm
285and
286.Xr ssh 1
287to print debugging messages about their progress.
288This is helpful in
289debugging connection, authentication, and configuration problems.
290.El
291.Sh EXIT STATUS
292.Ex -std scp
293.Sh SEE ALSO
294.Xr sftp 1 ,
295.Xr ssh 1 ,
296.Xr ssh-add 1 ,
297.Xr ssh-agent 1 ,
298.Xr ssh-keygen 1 ,
299.Xr ssh_config 5 ,
300.Xr sftp-server 8 ,
301.Xr sshd 8
302.Sh HISTORY
303.Nm
304is based on the rcp program in
305.Bx
306source code from the Regents of the University of California.
307.Sh AUTHORS
308.An Timo Rinne Aq Mt tri@iki.fi
309.An Tatu Ylonen Aq Mt ylo@cs.hut.fi
310