xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssh/auth-rhosts.c (revision 1d386b48a555f61cb7325543adbbb5c3f3407a66)
1 /* $OpenBSD: auth-rhosts.c,v 1.57 2022/12/09 00:17:40 dtucker Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
4  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
5  *                    All rights reserved
6  * Rhosts authentication.  This file contains code to check whether to admit
7  * the login based on rhosts authentication.  This file also processes
8  * /etc/hosts.equiv.
9  *
10  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
11  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
12  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
13  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
14  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
15  */
16 
17 #include "includes.h"
18 
19 #include <sys/types.h>
20 #include <sys/stat.h>
21 
22 #include <errno.h>
23 #include <fcntl.h>
24 #ifdef HAVE_NETGROUP_H
25 # include <netgroup.h>
26 #endif
27 #include <pwd.h>
28 #include <stdio.h>
29 #include <string.h>
30 #include <stdarg.h>
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <unistd.h>
33 
34 #include "packet.h"
35 #include "uidswap.h"
36 #include "pathnames.h"
37 #include "log.h"
38 #include "misc.h"
39 #include "xmalloc.h"
40 #include "sshbuf.h"
41 #include "sshkey.h"
42 #include "servconf.h"
43 #include "canohost.h"
44 #include "hostfile.h"
45 #include "auth.h"
46 
47 /* import */
48 extern ServerOptions options;
49 extern int use_privsep;
50 
51 /*
52  * This function processes an rhosts-style file (.rhosts, .shosts, or
53  * /etc/hosts.equiv).  This returns true if authentication can be granted
54  * based on the file, and returns zero otherwise.
55  */
56 
57 static int
58 check_rhosts_file(const char *filename, const char *hostname,
59 		  const char *ipaddr, const char *client_user,
60 		  const char *server_user)
61 {
62 	FILE *f;
63 #define RBUFLN 1024
64 	char buf[RBUFLN];/* Must not be larger than host, user, dummy below. */
65 	int fd;
66 	struct stat st;
67 
68 	/* Open the .rhosts file, deny if unreadable */
69 	if ((fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK)) == -1)
70 		return 0;
71 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
72 		close(fd);
73 		return 0;
74 	}
75 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
76 		logit("User %s hosts file %s is not a regular file",
77 		    server_user, filename);
78 		close(fd);
79 		return 0;
80 	}
81 	unset_nonblock(fd);
82 	if ((f = fdopen(fd, "r")) == NULL) {
83 		close(fd);
84 		return 0;
85 	}
86 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) {
87 		/* All three must have length >= buf to avoid overflows. */
88 		char hostbuf[RBUFLN], userbuf[RBUFLN], dummy[RBUFLN];
89 		char *host, *user, *cp;
90 		int negated;
91 
92 		for (cp = buf; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
93 			;
94 		if (*cp == '#' || *cp == '\n' || !*cp)
95 			continue;
96 
97 		/*
98 		 * NO_PLUS is supported at least on OSF/1.  We skip it (we
99 		 * don't ever support the plus syntax).
100 		 */
101 		if (strncmp(cp, "NO_PLUS", 7) == 0)
102 			continue;
103 
104 		/*
105 		 * This should be safe because each buffer is as big as the
106 		 * whole string, and thus cannot be overwritten.
107 		 */
108 		switch (sscanf(buf, "%1023s %1023s %1023s", hostbuf, userbuf,
109 		    dummy)) {
110 		case 0:
111 			auth_debug_add("Found empty line in %.100s.", filename);
112 			continue;
113 		case 1:
114 			/* Host name only. */
115 			strlcpy(userbuf, server_user, sizeof(userbuf));
116 			break;
117 		case 2:
118 			/* Got both host and user name. */
119 			break;
120 		case 3:
121 			auth_debug_add("Found garbage in %.100s.", filename);
122 			continue;
123 		default:
124 			/* Weird... */
125 			continue;
126 		}
127 
128 		host = hostbuf;
129 		user = userbuf;
130 		negated = 0;
131 
132 		/* Process negated host names, or positive netgroups. */
133 		if (host[0] == '-') {
134 			negated = 1;
135 			host++;
136 		} else if (host[0] == '+')
137 			host++;
138 
139 		if (user[0] == '-') {
140 			negated = 1;
141 			user++;
142 		} else if (user[0] == '+')
143 			user++;
144 
145 		/* Check for empty host/user names (particularly '+'). */
146 		if (!host[0] || !user[0]) {
147 			/* We come here if either was '+' or '-'. */
148 			auth_debug_add("Ignoring wild host/user names "
149 			    "in %.100s.", filename);
150 			continue;
151 		}
152 		/* Verify that host name matches. */
153 		if (host[0] == '@') {
154 			if (!innetgr(host + 1, hostname, NULL, NULL) &&
155 			    !innetgr(host + 1, ipaddr, NULL, NULL))
156 				continue;
157 		} else if (strcasecmp(host, hostname) &&
158 		    strcmp(host, ipaddr) != 0)
159 			continue;	/* Different hostname. */
160 
161 		/* Verify that user name matches. */
162 		if (user[0] == '@') {
163 			if (!innetgr(user + 1, NULL, client_user, NULL))
164 				continue;
165 		} else if (strcmp(user, client_user) != 0)
166 			continue;	/* Different username. */
167 
168 		/* Found the user and host. */
169 		fclose(f);
170 
171 		/* If the entry was negated, deny access. */
172 		if (negated) {
173 			auth_debug_add("Matched negative entry in %.100s.",
174 			    filename);
175 			return 0;
176 		}
177 		/* Accept authentication. */
178 		return 1;
179 	}
180 
181 	/* Authentication using this file denied. */
182 	fclose(f);
183 	return 0;
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * Tries to authenticate the user using the .shosts or .rhosts file. Returns
188  * true if authentication succeeds.  If ignore_rhosts is true, only
189  * /etc/hosts.equiv will be considered (.rhosts and .shosts are ignored).
190  */
191 int
192 auth_rhosts2(struct passwd *pw, const char *client_user, const char *hostname,
193     const char *ipaddr)
194 {
195 	char *path = NULL;
196 	struct stat st;
197 	static const char * const rhosts_files[] = {".shosts", ".rhosts", NULL};
198 	u_int rhosts_file_index;
199 	int r;
200 
201 	debug2_f("clientuser %s hostname %s ipaddr %s",
202 	    client_user, hostname, ipaddr);
203 
204 	/* Switch to the user's uid. */
205 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
206 	/*
207 	 * Quick check: if the user has no .shosts or .rhosts files and
208 	 * no system hosts.equiv/shosts.equiv files exist then return
209 	 * failure immediately without doing costly lookups from name
210 	 * servers.
211 	 */
212 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
213 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
214 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
215 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
216 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
217 		r = stat(path, &st);
218 		free(path);
219 		if (r >= 0)
220 			break;
221 	}
222 	/* Switch back to privileged uid. */
223 	restore_uid();
224 
225 	/*
226 	 * Deny if The user has no .shosts or .rhosts file and there
227 	 * are no system-wide files.
228 	 */
229 	if (!rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index] &&
230 	    stat(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1 &&
231 	    stat(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, &st) == -1) {
232 		debug3_f("no hosts access files exist");
233 		return 0;
234 	}
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * If not logging in as superuser, try /etc/hosts.equiv and
238 	 * shosts.equiv.
239 	 */
240 	if (pw->pw_uid == 0)
241 		debug3_f("root user, ignoring system hosts files");
242 	else {
243 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_RHOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
244 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
245 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
246 			    "/etc/hosts.equiv.", hostname, ipaddr);
247 			return 1;
248 		}
249 		if (check_rhosts_file(_PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV, hostname, ipaddr,
250 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
251 			auth_debug_add("Accepted for %.100s [%.100s] by "
252 			    "%.100s.", hostname, ipaddr, _PATH_SSH_HOSTS_EQUIV);
253 			return 1;
254 		}
255 	}
256 
257 	/*
258 	 * Check that the home directory is owned by root or the user, and is
259 	 * not group or world writable.
260 	 */
261 	if (stat(pw->pw_dir, &st) == -1) {
262 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
263 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
264 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
265 		    "no home directory %.200s", pw->pw_name, pw->pw_dir);
266 		return 0;
267 	}
268 	if (options.strict_modes &&
269 	    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
270 	    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
271 		logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
272 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
273 		auth_debug_add("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
274 		    "bad ownership or modes for home directory.", pw->pw_name);
275 		return 0;
276 	}
277 	/* Temporarily use the user's uid. */
278 	temporarily_use_uid(pw);
279 
280 	/* Check all .rhosts files (currently .shosts and .rhosts). */
281 	for (rhosts_file_index = 0; rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index];
282 	    rhosts_file_index++) {
283 		/* Check users .rhosts or .shosts. */
284 		xasprintf(&path, "%s/%s",
285 		    pw->pw_dir, rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
286 		if (stat(path, &st) == -1) {
287 			debug3_f("stat %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
288 			free(path);
289 			continue;
290 		}
291 
292 		/*
293 		 * Make sure that the file is either owned by the user or by
294 		 * root, and make sure it is not writable by anyone but the
295 		 * owner.  This is to help avoid novices accidentally
296 		 * allowing access to their account by anyone.
297 		 */
298 		if (options.strict_modes &&
299 		    ((st.st_uid != 0 && st.st_uid != pw->pw_uid) ||
300 		    (st.st_mode & 022) != 0)) {
301 			logit("Rhosts authentication refused for %.100s: "
302 			    "bad modes for %.200s", pw->pw_name, path);
303 			auth_debug_add("Bad file modes for %.200s", path);
304 			free(path);
305 			continue;
306 		}
307 		/*
308 		 * Check if we have been configured to ignore .rhosts
309 		 * and .shosts files.
310 		 */
311 		if (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_YES ||
312 		    (options.ignore_rhosts == IGNORE_RHOSTS_SHOSTS &&
313 		    strcmp(rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index], ".shosts") != 0)) {
314 			auth_debug_add("Server has been configured to "
315 			    "ignore %.100s.", rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
316 			free(path);
317 			continue;
318 		}
319 		/* Check if authentication is permitted by the file. */
320 		if (check_rhosts_file(path, hostname, ipaddr,
321 		    client_user, pw->pw_name)) {
322 			auth_debug_add("Accepted by %.100s.",
323 			    rhosts_files[rhosts_file_index]);
324 			/* Restore the privileged uid. */
325 			restore_uid();
326 			auth_debug_add("Accepted host %s ip %s client_user "
327 			    "%s server_user %s", hostname, ipaddr,
328 			    client_user, pw->pw_name);
329 			free(path);
330 			return 1;
331 		}
332 		free(path);
333 	}
334 
335 	/* Restore the privileged uid. */
336 	restore_uid();
337 	return 0;
338 }
339