xref: /freebsd/contrib/wpa/src/utils/radiotap.c (revision 5ca8e32633c4ffbbcd6762e5888b6a4ba0708c6c)
1 /*
2  * Radiotap parser
3  *
4  * Copyright 2007		Andy Green <andy@warmcat.com>
5  * Copyright 2009		Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10  *
11  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of ISC
12  * license, see COPYING for more details.
13  */
14 #include "platform.h"
15 #include "radiotap_iter.h"
16 
17 /* function prototypes and related defs are in radiotap_iter.h */
18 
19 static const struct radiotap_align_size rtap_namespace_sizes[] = {
20 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TSFT] = { .align = 8, .size = 8, },
21 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_FLAGS] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
22 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RATE] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
23 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_CHANNEL] = { .align = 2, .size = 4, },
24 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_FHSS] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
25 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_ANTSIGNAL] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
26 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_ANTNOISE] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
27 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_LOCK_QUALITY] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
28 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TX_ATTENUATION] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
29 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_TX_ATTENUATION] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
30 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_TX_POWER] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
31 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_ANTENNA] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
32 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_ANTSIGNAL] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
33 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_ANTNOISE] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
34 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RX_FLAGS] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
35 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TX_FLAGS] = { .align = 2, .size = 2, },
36 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RTS_RETRIES] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
37 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DATA_RETRIES] = { .align = 1, .size = 1, },
38 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_MCS] = { .align = 1, .size = 3, },
39 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_AMPDU_STATUS] = { .align = 4, .size = 8, },
40 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_VHT] = { .align = 2, .size = 12, },
41 	[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TIMESTAMP] = { .align = 8, .size = 12, },
42 	/*
43 	 * add more here as they are defined in radiotap.h
44 	 */
45 };
46 
47 static const struct ieee80211_radiotap_namespace radiotap_ns = {
48 	.n_bits = sizeof(rtap_namespace_sizes) / sizeof(rtap_namespace_sizes[0]),
49 	.align_size = rtap_namespace_sizes,
50 };
51 
52 /**
53  * ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init - radiotap parser iterator initialization
54  * @iterator: radiotap_iterator to initialize
55  * @radiotap_header: radiotap header to parse
56  * @max_length: total length we can parse into (eg, whole packet length)
57  *
58  * Returns: 0 or a negative error code if there is a problem.
59  *
60  * This function initializes an opaque iterator struct which can then
61  * be passed to ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next() to visit every radiotap
62  * argument which is present in the header.  It knows about extended
63  * present headers and handles them.
64  *
65  * How to use:
66  * call __ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init() to init a semi-opaque iterator
67  * struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator (no need to init the struct beforehand)
68  * checking for a good 0 return code.  Then loop calling
69  * __ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next()... it returns either 0,
70  * -ENOENT if there are no more args to parse, or -EINVAL if there is a problem.
71  * The iterator's @this_arg member points to the start of the argument
72  * associated with the current argument index that is present, which can be
73  * found in the iterator's @this_arg_index member.  This arg index corresponds
74  * to the IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_... defines.
75  *
76  * Radiotap header length:
77  * You can find the CPU-endian total radiotap header length in
78  * iterator->max_length after executing ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init()
79  * successfully.
80  *
81  * Alignment Gotcha:
82  * You must take care when dereferencing iterator.this_arg
83  * for multibyte types... the pointer is not aligned.  Use
84  * get_unaligned((type *)iterator.this_arg) to dereference
85  * iterator.this_arg for type "type" safely on all arches.
86  *
87  * Example code: parse.c
88  */
89 
90 int ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init(
91 	struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator,
92 	struct ieee80211_radiotap_header *radiotap_header,
93 	int max_length, const struct ieee80211_radiotap_vendor_namespaces *vns)
94 {
95 	/* must at least have the radiotap header */
96 	if (max_length < (int)sizeof(struct ieee80211_radiotap_header))
97 		return -EINVAL;
98 
99 	/* Linux only supports version 0 radiotap format */
100 	if (radiotap_header->it_version)
101 		return -EINVAL;
102 
103 	/* sanity check for allowed length and radiotap length field */
104 	if (max_length < get_unaligned_le16(&radiotap_header->it_len))
105 		return -EINVAL;
106 
107 	iterator->_rtheader = radiotap_header;
108 	iterator->_max_length = get_unaligned_le16(&radiotap_header->it_len);
109 	iterator->_arg_index = 0;
110 	iterator->_bitmap_shifter = get_unaligned_le32(&radiotap_header->it_present);
111 	iterator->_arg = (uint8_t *)radiotap_header + sizeof(*radiotap_header);
112 	iterator->_next_ns_data = NULL;
113 	iterator->_reset_on_ext = 0;
114 	iterator->_next_bitmap = (le32 *) (((u8 *) radiotap_header) + offsetof(struct ieee80211_radiotap_header, it_present));
115 	iterator->_next_bitmap++;
116 	iterator->_vns = vns;
117 	iterator->current_namespace = &radiotap_ns;
118 	iterator->is_radiotap_ns = 1;
119 #ifdef RADIOTAP_SUPPORT_OVERRIDES
120 	iterator->n_overrides = 0;
121 	iterator->overrides = NULL;
122 #endif
123 
124 	/* find payload start allowing for extended bitmap(s) */
125 
126 	if (iterator->_bitmap_shifter & BIT(IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT)) {
127 		if ((unsigned long)iterator->_arg -
128 		    (unsigned long)iterator->_rtheader + sizeof(uint32_t) >
129 		    (unsigned long)iterator->_max_length)
130 			return -EINVAL;
131 		while (get_unaligned_le32(iterator->_arg) &
132 		       BIT(IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT)) {
133 			iterator->_arg += sizeof(uint32_t);
134 
135 			/*
136 			 * check for insanity where the present bitmaps
137 			 * keep claiming to extend up to or even beyond the
138 			 * stated radiotap header length
139 			 */
140 
141 			if ((unsigned long)iterator->_arg -
142 			    (unsigned long)iterator->_rtheader +
143 			    sizeof(uint32_t) >
144 			    (unsigned long)iterator->_max_length)
145 				return -EINVAL;
146 		}
147 
148 		iterator->_arg += sizeof(uint32_t);
149 
150 		/*
151 		 * no need to check again for blowing past stated radiotap
152 		 * header length, because ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next
153 		 * checks it before it is dereferenced
154 		 */
155 	}
156 
157 	iterator->this_arg = iterator->_arg;
158 	iterator->this_arg_index = 0;
159 	iterator->this_arg_size = 0;
160 
161 	/* we are all initialized happily */
162 
163 	return 0;
164 }
165 
166 static void find_ns(struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator,
167 		    uint32_t oui, uint8_t subns)
168 {
169 	int i;
170 
171 	iterator->current_namespace = NULL;
172 
173 	if (!iterator->_vns)
174 		return;
175 
176 	for (i = 0; i < iterator->_vns->n_ns; i++) {
177 		if (iterator->_vns->ns[i].oui != oui)
178 			continue;
179 		if (iterator->_vns->ns[i].subns != subns)
180 			continue;
181 
182 		iterator->current_namespace = &iterator->_vns->ns[i];
183 		break;
184 	}
185 }
186 
187 #ifdef RADIOTAP_SUPPORT_OVERRIDES
188 static int find_override(struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator,
189 			 int *align, int *size)
190 {
191 	int i;
192 
193 	if (!iterator->overrides)
194 		return 0;
195 
196 	for (i = 0; i < iterator->n_overrides; i++) {
197 		if (iterator->_arg_index == iterator->overrides[i].field) {
198 			*align = iterator->overrides[i].align;
199 			*size = iterator->overrides[i].size;
200 			if (!*align) /* erroneous override */
201 				return 0;
202 			return 1;
203 		}
204 	}
205 
206 	return 0;
207 }
208 #endif
209 
210 
211 /**
212  * ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next - return next radiotap parser iterator arg
213  * @iterator: radiotap_iterator to move to next arg (if any)
214  *
215  * Returns: 0 if there is an argument to handle,
216  * -ENOENT if there are no more args or -EINVAL
217  * if there is something else wrong.
218  *
219  * This function provides the next radiotap arg index (IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_*)
220  * in @this_arg_index and sets @this_arg to point to the
221  * payload for the field.  It takes care of alignment handling and extended
222  * present fields.  @this_arg can be changed by the caller (eg,
223  * incremented to move inside a compound argument like
224  * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_CHANNEL).  The args pointed to are in
225  * little-endian format whatever the endianness of your CPU.
226  *
227  * Alignment Gotcha:
228  * You must take care when dereferencing iterator.this_arg
229  * for multibyte types... the pointer is not aligned.  Use
230  * get_unaligned((type *)iterator.this_arg) to dereference
231  * iterator.this_arg for type "type" safely on all arches.
232  */
233 
234 int ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next(
235 	struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator)
236 {
237 	while (1) {
238 		int hit = 0;
239 		int pad, align, size, subns;
240 		uint32_t oui;
241 
242 		/* if no more EXT bits, that's it */
243 		if ((iterator->_arg_index % 32) == IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT &&
244 		    !(iterator->_bitmap_shifter & 1))
245 			return -ENOENT;
246 
247 		if (!(iterator->_bitmap_shifter & 1))
248 			goto next_entry; /* arg not present */
249 
250 		/* get alignment/size of data */
251 		switch (iterator->_arg_index % 32) {
252 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RADIOTAP_NAMESPACE:
253 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT:
254 			align = 1;
255 			size = 0;
256 			break;
257 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_VENDOR_NAMESPACE:
258 			align = 2;
259 			size = 6;
260 			break;
261 		default:
262 #ifdef RADIOTAP_SUPPORT_OVERRIDES
263 			if (find_override(iterator, &align, &size)) {
264 				/* all set */
265 			} else
266 #endif
267 			if (!iterator->current_namespace ||
268 			    iterator->_arg_index >= iterator->current_namespace->n_bits) {
269 				if (iterator->current_namespace == &radiotap_ns)
270 					return -ENOENT;
271 				align = 0;
272 			} else {
273 				align = iterator->current_namespace->align_size[iterator->_arg_index].align;
274 				size = iterator->current_namespace->align_size[iterator->_arg_index].size;
275 			}
276 			if (!align) {
277 				/* skip all subsequent data */
278 				iterator->_arg = iterator->_next_ns_data;
279 				/* give up on this namespace */
280 				iterator->current_namespace = NULL;
281 				goto next_entry;
282 			}
283 			break;
284 		}
285 
286 		/*
287 		 * arg is present, account for alignment padding
288 		 *
289 		 * Note that these alignments are relative to the start
290 		 * of the radiotap header.  There is no guarantee
291 		 * that the radiotap header itself is aligned on any
292 		 * kind of boundary.
293 		 *
294 		 * The above is why get_unaligned() is used to dereference
295 		 * multibyte elements from the radiotap area.
296 		 */
297 
298 		pad = ((unsigned long)iterator->_arg -
299 		       (unsigned long)iterator->_rtheader) & (align - 1);
300 
301 		if (pad)
302 			iterator->_arg += align - pad;
303 
304 		if (iterator->_arg_index % 32 == IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_VENDOR_NAMESPACE) {
305 			int vnslen;
306 
307 			if ((unsigned long)iterator->_arg + size -
308 			    (unsigned long)iterator->_rtheader >
309 			    (unsigned long)iterator->_max_length)
310 				return -EINVAL;
311 
312 			oui = (*iterator->_arg << 16) |
313 				(*(iterator->_arg + 1) << 8) |
314 				*(iterator->_arg + 2);
315 			subns = *(iterator->_arg + 3);
316 
317 			find_ns(iterator, oui, subns);
318 
319 			vnslen = get_unaligned_le16(iterator->_arg + 4);
320 			iterator->_next_ns_data = iterator->_arg + size + vnslen;
321 			if (!iterator->current_namespace)
322 				size += vnslen;
323 		}
324 
325 		/*
326 		 * this is what we will return to user, but we need to
327 		 * move on first so next call has something fresh to test
328 		 */
329 		iterator->this_arg_index = iterator->_arg_index;
330 		iterator->this_arg = iterator->_arg;
331 		iterator->this_arg_size = size;
332 
333 		/* internally move on the size of this arg */
334 		iterator->_arg += size;
335 
336 		/*
337 		 * check for insanity where we are given a bitmap that
338 		 * claims to have more arg content than the length of the
339 		 * radiotap section.  We will normally end up equalling this
340 		 * max_length on the last arg, never exceeding it.
341 		 */
342 
343 		if ((unsigned long)iterator->_arg -
344 		    (unsigned long)iterator->_rtheader >
345 		    (unsigned long)iterator->_max_length)
346 			return -EINVAL;
347 
348 		/* these special ones are valid in each bitmap word */
349 		switch (iterator->_arg_index % 32) {
350 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_VENDOR_NAMESPACE:
351 			iterator->_reset_on_ext = 1;
352 
353 			iterator->is_radiotap_ns = 0;
354 			/*
355 			 * If parser didn't register this vendor
356 			 * namespace with us, allow it to show it
357 			 * as 'raw. Do do that, set argument index
358 			 * to vendor namespace.
359 			 */
360 			iterator->this_arg_index =
361 				IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_VENDOR_NAMESPACE;
362 			if (!iterator->current_namespace)
363 				hit = 1;
364 			goto next_entry;
365 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RADIOTAP_NAMESPACE:
366 			iterator->_reset_on_ext = 1;
367 			iterator->current_namespace = &radiotap_ns;
368 			iterator->is_radiotap_ns = 1;
369 			goto next_entry;
370 		case IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT:
371 			/*
372 			 * bit 31 was set, there is more
373 			 * -- move to next u32 bitmap
374 			 */
375 			iterator->_bitmap_shifter =
376 				get_unaligned_le32(iterator->_next_bitmap);
377 			iterator->_next_bitmap++;
378 			if (iterator->_reset_on_ext)
379 				iterator->_arg_index = 0;
380 			else
381 				iterator->_arg_index++;
382 			iterator->_reset_on_ext = 0;
383 			break;
384 		default:
385 			/* we've got a hit! */
386 			hit = 1;
387  next_entry:
388 			iterator->_bitmap_shifter >>= 1;
389 			iterator->_arg_index++;
390 		}
391 
392 		/* if we found a valid arg earlier, return it now */
393 		if (hit)
394 			return 0;
395 	}
396 }
397