xref: /freebsd/contrib/wpa/src/utils/radiotap.c (revision 3bdf775801b218aa5a89564839405b122f4b233e)
1 /*
2  * Radiotap parser
3  *
4  * Copyright 2007		Andy Green <andy@warmcat.com>
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
9  *
10  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of BSD
11  * license.
12  *
13  * See README and COPYING for more details.
14  *
15  *
16  * Modified for userspace by Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
17  * I only modified some things on top to ease syncing should bugs be found.
18  */
19 
20 #include "includes.h"
21 
22 #include "common.h"
23 #include "radiotap_iter.h"
24 
25 #define le16_to_cpu		le_to_host16
26 #define le32_to_cpu		le_to_host32
27 #define __le32			uint32_t
28 #define ulong			unsigned long
29 #define unlikely(cond)		(cond)
30 #define get_unaligned(p)					\
31 ({								\
32 	struct packed_dummy_struct {				\
33 		typeof(*(p)) __val;				\
34 	} __attribute__((packed)) *__ptr = (void *) (p);	\
35 								\
36 	__ptr->__val;						\
37 })
38 
39 /* function prototypes and related defs are in radiotap_iter.h */
40 
41 /**
42  * ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init - radiotap parser iterator initialization
43  * @iterator: radiotap_iterator to initialize
44  * @radiotap_header: radiotap header to parse
45  * @max_length: total length we can parse into (eg, whole packet length)
46  *
47  * Returns: 0 or a negative error code if there is a problem.
48  *
49  * This function initializes an opaque iterator struct which can then
50  * be passed to ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next() to visit every radiotap
51  * argument which is present in the header.  It knows about extended
52  * present headers and handles them.
53  *
54  * How to use:
55  * call __ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init() to init a semi-opaque iterator
56  * struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator (no need to init the struct beforehand)
57  * checking for a good 0 return code.  Then loop calling
58  * __ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next()... it returns either 0,
59  * -ENOENT if there are no more args to parse, or -EINVAL if there is a problem.
60  * The iterator's @this_arg member points to the start of the argument
61  * associated with the current argument index that is present, which can be
62  * found in the iterator's @this_arg_index member.  This arg index corresponds
63  * to the IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_... defines.
64  *
65  * Radiotap header length:
66  * You can find the CPU-endian total radiotap header length in
67  * iterator->max_length after executing ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init()
68  * successfully.
69  *
70  * Alignment Gotcha:
71  * You must take care when dereferencing iterator.this_arg
72  * for multibyte types... the pointer is not aligned.  Use
73  * get_unaligned((type *)iterator.this_arg) to dereference
74  * iterator.this_arg for type "type" safely on all arches.
75  *
76  * Example code:
77  * See Documentation/networking/radiotap-headers.txt
78  */
79 
80 int ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_init(
81     struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator,
82     struct ieee80211_radiotap_header *radiotap_header,
83     int max_length)
84 {
85 	/* Linux only supports version 0 radiotap format */
86 	if (radiotap_header->it_version)
87 		return -EINVAL;
88 
89 	/* sanity check for allowed length and radiotap length field */
90 	if (max_length < le16_to_cpu(get_unaligned(&radiotap_header->it_len)))
91 		return -EINVAL;
92 
93 	iterator->rtheader = radiotap_header;
94 	iterator->max_length = le16_to_cpu(get_unaligned(
95 						&radiotap_header->it_len));
96 	iterator->arg_index = 0;
97 	iterator->bitmap_shifter = le32_to_cpu(get_unaligned(
98 						&radiotap_header->it_present));
99 	iterator->arg = (u8 *)radiotap_header + sizeof(*radiotap_header);
100 	iterator->this_arg = NULL;
101 
102 	/* find payload start allowing for extended bitmap(s) */
103 
104 	if (unlikely(iterator->bitmap_shifter & (1<<IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT))) {
105 		while (le32_to_cpu(get_unaligned((__le32 *)iterator->arg)) &
106 				   (1<<IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_EXT)) {
107 			iterator->arg += sizeof(u32);
108 
109 			/*
110 			 * check for insanity where the present bitmaps
111 			 * keep claiming to extend up to or even beyond the
112 			 * stated radiotap header length
113 			 */
114 
115 			if (((ulong)iterator->arg - (ulong)iterator->rtheader)
116 			    > (ulong)iterator->max_length)
117 				return -EINVAL;
118 		}
119 
120 		iterator->arg += sizeof(u32);
121 
122 		/*
123 		 * no need to check again for blowing past stated radiotap
124 		 * header length, because ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next
125 		 * checks it before it is dereferenced
126 		 */
127 	}
128 
129 	/* we are all initialized happily */
130 
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 
134 
135 /**
136  * ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next - return next radiotap parser iterator arg
137  * @iterator: radiotap_iterator to move to next arg (if any)
138  *
139  * Returns: 0 if there is an argument to handle,
140  * -ENOENT if there are no more args or -EINVAL
141  * if there is something else wrong.
142  *
143  * This function provides the next radiotap arg index (IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_*)
144  * in @this_arg_index and sets @this_arg to point to the
145  * payload for the field.  It takes care of alignment handling and extended
146  * present fields.  @this_arg can be changed by the caller (eg,
147  * incremented to move inside a compound argument like
148  * IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_CHANNEL).  The args pointed to are in
149  * little-endian format whatever the endianess of your CPU.
150  *
151  * Alignment Gotcha:
152  * You must take care when dereferencing iterator.this_arg
153  * for multibyte types... the pointer is not aligned.  Use
154  * get_unaligned((type *)iterator.this_arg) to dereference
155  * iterator.this_arg for type "type" safely on all arches.
156  */
157 
158 int ieee80211_radiotap_iterator_next(
159     struct ieee80211_radiotap_iterator *iterator)
160 {
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * small length lookup table for all radiotap types we heard of
164 	 * starting from b0 in the bitmap, so we can walk the payload
165 	 * area of the radiotap header
166 	 *
167 	 * There is a requirement to pad args, so that args
168 	 * of a given length must begin at a boundary of that length
169 	 * -- but note that compound args are allowed (eg, 2 x u16
170 	 * for IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_CHANNEL) so total arg length is not
171 	 * a reliable indicator of alignment requirement.
172 	 *
173 	 * upper nybble: content alignment for arg
174 	 * lower nybble: content length for arg
175 	 */
176 
177 	static const u8 rt_sizes[] = {
178 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TSFT] = 0x88,
179 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_FLAGS] = 0x11,
180 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RATE] = 0x11,
181 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_CHANNEL] = 0x24,
182 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_FHSS] = 0x22,
183 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_ANTSIGNAL] = 0x11,
184 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_ANTNOISE] = 0x11,
185 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_LOCK_QUALITY] = 0x22,
186 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TX_ATTENUATION] = 0x22,
187 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_TX_ATTENUATION] = 0x22,
188 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DBM_TX_POWER] = 0x11,
189 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_ANTENNA] = 0x11,
190 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_ANTSIGNAL] = 0x11,
191 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DB_ANTNOISE] = 0x11,
192 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RX_FLAGS] = 0x22,
193 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_TX_FLAGS] = 0x22,
194 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_RTS_RETRIES] = 0x11,
195 		[IEEE80211_RADIOTAP_DATA_RETRIES] = 0x11,
196 		/*
197 		 * add more here as they are defined in
198 		 * include/net/ieee80211_radiotap.h
199 		 */
200 	};
201 
202 	/*
203 	 * for every radiotap entry we can at
204 	 * least skip (by knowing the length)...
205 	 */
206 
207 	while (iterator->arg_index < (int) sizeof(rt_sizes)) {
208 		int hit = 0;
209 		int pad;
210 
211 		if (!(iterator->bitmap_shifter & 1))
212 			goto next_entry; /* arg not present */
213 
214 		/*
215 		 * arg is present, account for alignment padding
216 		 *  8-bit args can be at any alignment
217 		 * 16-bit args must start on 16-bit boundary
218 		 * 32-bit args must start on 32-bit boundary
219 		 * 64-bit args must start on 64-bit boundary
220 		 *
221 		 * note that total arg size can differ from alignment of
222 		 * elements inside arg, so we use upper nybble of length
223 		 * table to base alignment on
224 		 *
225 		 * also note: these alignments are ** relative to the
226 		 * start of the radiotap header **.  There is no guarantee
227 		 * that the radiotap header itself is aligned on any
228 		 * kind of boundary.
229 		 *
230 		 * the above is why get_unaligned() is used to dereference
231 		 * multibyte elements from the radiotap area
232 		 */
233 
234 		pad = (((ulong)iterator->arg) -
235 			((ulong)iterator->rtheader)) &
236 			((rt_sizes[iterator->arg_index] >> 4) - 1);
237 
238 		if (pad)
239 			iterator->arg +=
240 				(rt_sizes[iterator->arg_index] >> 4) - pad;
241 
242 		/*
243 		 * this is what we will return to user, but we need to
244 		 * move on first so next call has something fresh to test
245 		 */
246 		iterator->this_arg_index = iterator->arg_index;
247 		iterator->this_arg = iterator->arg;
248 		hit = 1;
249 
250 		/* internally move on the size of this arg */
251 		iterator->arg += rt_sizes[iterator->arg_index] & 0x0f;
252 
253 		/*
254 		 * check for insanity where we are given a bitmap that
255 		 * claims to have more arg content than the length of the
256 		 * radiotap section.  We will normally end up equalling this
257 		 * max_length on the last arg, never exceeding it.
258 		 */
259 
260 		if (((ulong)iterator->arg - (ulong)iterator->rtheader) >
261 		    (ulong) iterator->max_length)
262 			return -EINVAL;
263 
264 	next_entry:
265 		iterator->arg_index++;
266 		if (unlikely((iterator->arg_index & 31) == 0)) {
267 			/* completed current u32 bitmap */
268 			if (iterator->bitmap_shifter & 1) {
269 				/* b31 was set, there is more */
270 				/* move to next u32 bitmap */
271 				iterator->bitmap_shifter = le32_to_cpu(
272 					get_unaligned(iterator->next_bitmap));
273 				iterator->next_bitmap++;
274 			} else
275 				/* no more bitmaps: end */
276 				iterator->arg_index = sizeof(rt_sizes);
277 		} else /* just try the next bit */
278 			iterator->bitmap_shifter >>= 1;
279 
280 		/* if we found a valid arg earlier, return it now */
281 		if (hit)
282 			return 0;
283 	}
284 
285 	/* we don't know how to handle any more args, we're done */
286 	return -ENOENT;
287 }
288