1 /* 2 * util/data/packed_rrset.h - data storage for a set of resource records. 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved. 5 * 6 * This software is open source. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 12 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 13 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14 * 15 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, 16 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation 17 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 19 * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may 20 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without 21 * specific prior written permission. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 24 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT 25 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR 26 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT 27 * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, 28 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 29 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR 30 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF 31 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING 32 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS 33 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 34 */ 35 36 /** 37 * \file 38 * 39 * This file contains the data storage for RRsets. 40 */ 41 42 #ifndef UTIL_DATA_PACKED_RRSET_H 43 #define UTIL_DATA_PACKED_RRSET_H 44 #include "util/storage/lruhash.h" 45 struct alloc_cache; 46 struct regional; 47 48 /** type used to uniquely identify rrsets. Cannot be reused without 49 * clearing the cache. */ 50 typedef uint64_t rrset_id_type; 51 52 /** this rrset is NSEC and is at zone apex (at child side of zonecut) */ 53 #define PACKED_RRSET_NSEC_AT_APEX 0x1 54 /** this rrset is A/AAAA and is in-zone-glue (from parent side of zonecut) */ 55 #define PACKED_RRSET_PARENT_SIDE 0x2 56 /** this rrset is SOA and has the negative ttl (from nxdomain or nodata), 57 * this is set on SOA rrsets in the authority section, to keep its TTL separate 58 * from the SOA in the answer section from a direct SOA query or ANY query. */ 59 #define PACKED_RRSET_SOA_NEG 0x4 60 /** This rrset is considered to have a fixed TTL; its TTL doesn't have to be 61 * updated on encoding in a reply. This flag is not expected to be set in 62 * cached data. */ 63 #define PACKED_RRSET_FIXEDTTL 0x80000000 64 65 /** number of rrs and rrsets for integer overflow protection. More than 66 * this is not really possible (64K packet has much less RRs and RRsets) in 67 * a message. And this is small enough that also multiplied there is no 68 * integer overflow. */ 69 #define RR_COUNT_MAX 0xffffff 70 71 /** 72 * The identifying information for an RRset. 73 */ 74 struct packed_rrset_key { 75 /** 76 * The domain name. If not null (for id=0) it is allocated, and 77 * contains the wireformat domain name. 78 * This dname is not canonicalized. 79 */ 80 uint8_t* dname; 81 /** 82 * Length of the domain name, including last 0 root octet. 83 */ 84 size_t dname_len; 85 /** 86 * Flags. 32bit to be easy for hashing: 87 * o PACKED_RRSET_NSEC_AT_APEX 88 * o PACKED_RRSET_PARENT_SIDE 89 * o PACKED_RRSET_SOA_NEG 90 * o PACKED_RRSET_FIXEDTTL (not supposed to be cached) 91 */ 92 uint32_t flags; 93 /** the rrset type in network format */ 94 uint16_t type; 95 /** the rrset class in network format */ 96 uint16_t rrset_class; 97 }; 98 99 /** 100 * This structure contains an RRset. A set of resource records that 101 * share the same domain name, type and class. 102 * 103 * Due to memory management and threading, the key structure cannot be 104 * deleted, although the data can be. The id can be set to 0 to store and the 105 * structure can be recycled with a new id. 106 */ 107 struct ub_packed_rrset_key { 108 /** 109 * entry into hashtable. Note the lock is never destroyed, 110 * even when this key is retired to the cache. 111 * the data pointer (if not null) points to a struct packed_rrset. 112 */ 113 struct lruhash_entry entry; 114 /** 115 * the ID of this rrset. unique, based on threadid + sequenceno. 116 * ids are not reused, except after flushing the cache. 117 * zero is an unused entry, and never a valid id. 118 * Check this value after getting entry.lock. 119 * The other values in this struct may only be altered after changing 120 * the id (which needs a writelock on entry.lock). 121 */ 122 rrset_id_type id; 123 /** key data: dname, type and class */ 124 struct packed_rrset_key rk; 125 }; 126 127 /** 128 * RRset trustworthiness. Bigger value is more trust. RFC 2181. 129 * The rrset_trust_add_noAA, rrset_trust_auth_noAA, rrset_trust_add_AA, 130 * are mentioned as the same trustworthiness in 2181, but split up here 131 * for ease of processing. 132 * 133 * rrset_trust_nonauth_ans_AA, rrset_trust_ans_noAA 134 * are also mentioned as the same trustworthiness in 2181, but split up here 135 * for ease of processing. 136 * 137 * Added trust_none for a sane initial value, smaller than anything else. 138 * Added validated and ultimate trust for keys and rrsig validated content. 139 */ 140 enum rrset_trust { 141 /** initial value for trust */ 142 rrset_trust_none = 0, 143 /** Additional information from non-authoritative answers */ 144 rrset_trust_add_noAA, 145 /** Data from the authority section of a non-authoritative answer */ 146 rrset_trust_auth_noAA, 147 /** Additional information from an authoritative answer */ 148 rrset_trust_add_AA, 149 /** non-authoritative data from the answer section of authoritative 150 * answers */ 151 rrset_trust_nonauth_ans_AA, 152 /** Data from the answer section of a non-authoritative answer */ 153 rrset_trust_ans_noAA, 154 /** Glue from a primary zone, or glue from a zone transfer */ 155 rrset_trust_glue, 156 /** Data from the authority section of an authoritative answer */ 157 rrset_trust_auth_AA, 158 /** The authoritative data included in the answer section of an 159 * authoritative reply */ 160 rrset_trust_ans_AA, 161 /** Data from a zone transfer, other than glue */ 162 rrset_trust_sec_noglue, 163 /** Data from a primary zone file, other than glue data */ 164 rrset_trust_prim_noglue, 165 /** DNSSEC(rfc4034) validated with trusted keys */ 166 rrset_trust_validated, 167 /** ultimately trusted, no more trust is possible; 168 * trusted keys from the unbound configuration setup. */ 169 rrset_trust_ultimate 170 }; 171 172 /** 173 * Security status from validation for data. 174 * The order is significant; more secure, more proven later. 175 */ 176 enum sec_status { 177 /** UNCHECKED means that object has yet to be validated. */ 178 sec_status_unchecked = 0, 179 /** BOGUS means that the object (RRset or message) failed to validate 180 * (according to local policy), but should have validated. */ 181 sec_status_bogus, 182 /** INDETERMINATE means that the object is insecure, but not 183 * authoritatively so. Generally this means that the RRset is not 184 * below a configured trust anchor. */ 185 sec_status_indeterminate, 186 /** INSECURE means that the object is authoritatively known to be 187 * insecure. Generally this means that this RRset is below a trust 188 * anchor, but also below a verified, insecure delegation. */ 189 sec_status_insecure, 190 /** SECURE_SENTINEL_FAIL means that the object (RRset or message) 191 * validated according to local policy but did not succeed in the root 192 * KSK sentinel test (draft-ietf-dnsop-kskroll-sentinel). */ 193 sec_status_secure_sentinel_fail, 194 /** SECURE means that the object (RRset or message) validated 195 * according to local policy. */ 196 sec_status_secure 197 }; 198 199 /** 200 * RRset data. 201 * 202 * The data is packed, stored contiguously in memory. 203 * 204 * It is not always stored contiguously, in that case, an unpacked-packed 205 * rrset has the arrays separate. A bunch of routines work on that, but 206 * the packed rrset that is contiguous is for the rrset-cache and the 207 * cache-response routines in daemon/worker.c. 208 * 209 * memory layout: 210 * o base struct 211 * o rr_len size_t array 212 * o rr_data uint8_t* array 213 * o rr_ttl time_t array (after size_t and ptrs because those may be 214 * 64bit and this array before those would make them unaligned). 215 * Since the stuff before is 32/64bit, rr_ttl is 32 bit aligned. 216 * o rr_data rdata wireformats 217 * o rrsig_data rdata wireformat(s) 218 * 219 * Rdata is stored in wireformat. The dname is stored in wireformat. 220 * TTLs are stored as absolute values (and could be expired). 221 * 222 * RRSIGs are stored in the arrays after the regular rrs. 223 * 224 * You need the packed_rrset_key to know dname, type, class of the 225 * resource records in this RRset. (if signed the rrsig gives the type too). 226 * 227 * On the wire an RR is: 228 * name, type, class, ttl, rdlength, rdata. 229 * So we need to send the following per RR: 230 * key.dname, ttl, rr_data[i]. 231 * since key.dname ends with type and class. 232 * and rr_data starts with the rdlength. 233 * the ttl value to send changes due to time. 234 */ 235 struct packed_rrset_data { 236 /** TTL (in seconds like time()) of the rrset. 237 * Same for all RRs see rfc2181(5.2). */ 238 time_t ttl; 239 /** number of rrs. */ 240 size_t count; 241 /** number of rrsigs, if 0 no rrsigs */ 242 size_t rrsig_count; 243 /** the trustworthiness of the rrset data */ 244 enum rrset_trust trust; 245 /** security status of the rrset data */ 246 enum sec_status security; 247 /** length of every rr's rdata, rr_len[i] is size of rr_data[i]. */ 248 size_t* rr_len; 249 /** ttl of every rr. rr_ttl[i] ttl of rr i. */ 250 time_t *rr_ttl; 251 /** 252 * Array of pointers to every rr's rdata. 253 * The rr_data[i] rdata is stored in uncompressed wireformat. 254 * The first uint16_t of rr_data[i] is network format rdlength. 255 * 256 * rr_data[count] to rr_data[count+rrsig_count] contain the rrsig data. 257 */ 258 uint8_t** rr_data; 259 }; 260 261 /** 262 * An RRset can be represented using both key and data together. 263 * Split into key and data structures to simplify implementation of 264 * caching schemes. 265 */ 266 struct packed_rrset { 267 /** domain name, type and class */ 268 struct packed_rrset_key* k; 269 /** ttl, count and rdatas (and rrsig) */ 270 struct packed_rrset_data* d; 271 }; 272 273 /** 274 * list of packed rrsets 275 */ 276 struct packed_rrset_list { 277 /** next in list */ 278 struct packed_rrset_list* next; 279 /** rrset key and data */ 280 struct packed_rrset rrset; 281 }; 282 283 /** 284 * Delete packed rrset key and data, not entered in hashtables yet. 285 * Used during parsing. 286 * @param pkey: rrset key structure with locks, key and data pointers. 287 * @param alloc: where to return the unfree-able key structure. 288 */ 289 void ub_packed_rrset_parsedelete(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* pkey, 290 struct alloc_cache* alloc); 291 292 /** 293 * Memory size of rrset data. RRset data must be filled in correctly. 294 * @param data: data to examine. 295 * @return size in bytes. 296 */ 297 size_t packed_rrset_sizeof(struct packed_rrset_data* data); 298 299 /** 300 * Get TTL of rrset. RRset data must be filled in correctly. 301 * @param key: rrset key, with data to examine. 302 * @return ttl value. 303 */ 304 time_t ub_packed_rrset_ttl(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* key); 305 306 /** 307 * Calculate memory size of rrset entry. For hash table usage. 308 * @param key: struct ub_packed_rrset_key*. 309 * @param data: struct packed_rrset_data*. 310 * @return size in bytes. 311 */ 312 size_t ub_rrset_sizefunc(void* key, void* data); 313 314 /** 315 * compares two rrset keys. 316 * @param k1: struct ub_packed_rrset_key*. 317 * @param k2: struct ub_packed_rrset_key*. 318 * @return 0 if equal. 319 */ 320 int ub_rrset_compare(void* k1, void* k2); 321 322 /** 323 * compare two rrset data structures. 324 * Compared rdata and rrsigdata, not the trust or ttl value. 325 * @param d1: data to compare. 326 * @param d2: data to compare. 327 * @return 1 if equal. 328 */ 329 int rrsetdata_equal(struct packed_rrset_data* d1, struct packed_rrset_data* d2); 330 331 /** 332 * Old key to be deleted. RRset keys are recycled via alloc. 333 * The id is set to 0. So that other threads, after acquiring a lock always 334 * get the correct value, in this case the 0 deleted-special value. 335 * @param key: struct ub_packed_rrset_key*. 336 * @param userdata: alloc structure to use for recycling. 337 */ 338 void ub_rrset_key_delete(void* key, void* userdata); 339 340 /** 341 * Old data to be deleted. 342 * @param data: what to delete. 343 * @param userdata: user data ptr. 344 */ 345 void rrset_data_delete(void* data, void* userdata); 346 347 /** 348 * Calculate hash value for a packed rrset key. 349 * @param key: the rrset key with name, type, class, flags. 350 * @return hash value. 351 */ 352 hashvalue_type rrset_key_hash(struct packed_rrset_key* key); 353 354 /** 355 * Fixup pointers in fixed data packed_rrset_data blob. 356 * After a memcpy of the data for example. Will set internal pointers right. 357 * @param data: rrset data structure. Otherwise correctly filled in. 358 */ 359 void packed_rrset_ptr_fixup(struct packed_rrset_data* data); 360 361 /** 362 * Fixup TTLs in fixed data packed_rrset_data blob. 363 * @param data: rrset data structure. Otherwise correctly filled in. 364 * @param add: how many seconds to add, pass time(0) for example. 365 */ 366 void packed_rrset_ttl_add(struct packed_rrset_data* data, time_t add); 367 368 /** 369 * Utility procedure to extract CNAME target name from its rdata. 370 * Failsafes; it will change passed dname to a valid dname or do nothing. 371 * @param rrset: the rrset structure. Must be a CNAME. 372 * Only first RR is used (multiple RRs are technically illegal anyway). 373 * Also works on type DNAME. Returns target name. 374 * @param dname: this pointer is updated to point into the cname rdata. 375 * If a failsafe fails, nothing happens to the pointer (such as the 376 * rdata was not a valid dname, not a CNAME, ...). 377 * @param dname_len: length of dname is returned. 378 */ 379 void get_cname_target(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset, uint8_t** dname, 380 size_t* dname_len); 381 382 /** 383 * Get a printable string for a rrset trust value 384 * @param s: rrset trust value 385 * @return printable string. 386 */ 387 const char* rrset_trust_to_string(enum rrset_trust s); 388 389 /** 390 * Get a printable string for a security status value 391 * @param s: security status 392 * @return printable string. 393 */ 394 const char* sec_status_to_string(enum sec_status s); 395 396 /** 397 * Print string with neat domain name, type, class from rrset. 398 * @param v: at what verbosity level to print this. 399 * @param str: string of message. 400 * @param rrset: structure with name, type and class. 401 */ 402 void log_rrset_key(enum verbosity_value v, const char* str, 403 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset); 404 405 /** 406 * Convert RR from RRset to string. 407 * @param rrset: structure with data. 408 * @param i: index of rr or RRSIG. 409 * @param now: time that is subtracted from ttl before printout. Can be 0. 410 * @param dest: destination string buffer. Must be nonNULL. 411 * @param dest_len: length of dest buffer (>0). 412 * @return false on failure. 413 */ 414 int packed_rr_to_string(struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset, size_t i, 415 time_t now, char* dest, size_t dest_len); 416 417 /** 418 * Print the string with prefix, one rr per line. 419 * @param v: at what verbosity level to print this. 420 * @param str: string of message. 421 * @param rrset: with name, and rdata, and rrsigs. 422 */ 423 void log_packed_rrset(enum verbosity_value v, const char* str, 424 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset); 425 426 /** 427 * Allocate rrset in region - no more locks needed 428 * @param key: a (just from rrset cache looked up) rrset key + valid, 429 * packed data record. 430 * @param region: where to alloc the copy 431 * @param now: adjust the TTLs to be relative (subtract from all TTLs). 432 * @return new region-alloced rrset key or NULL on alloc failure. 433 */ 434 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* packed_rrset_copy_region( 435 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* key, struct regional* region, 436 time_t now); 437 438 /** 439 * Allocate rrset with malloc (from region or you are holding the lock). 440 * @param key: key with data entry. 441 * @param alloc: alloc_cache to create rrset_keys 442 * @param now: adjust the TTLs to be absolute (add to all TTLs). 443 * @return new region-alloced rrset key or NULL on alloc failure. 444 */ 445 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* packed_rrset_copy_alloc( 446 struct ub_packed_rrset_key* key, struct alloc_cache* alloc, 447 time_t now); 448 449 #endif /* UTIL_DATA_PACKED_RRSET_H */ 450