xref: /freebsd/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgparse.h (revision 4928135658a9d0eaee37003df6137ab363fcb0b4)
1 /*
2  * util/data/msgparse.h - parse wireformat DNS messages.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 /**
36  * \file
37  * Contains message parsing data structures.
38  * These point back into the packet buffer.
39  *
40  * During parsing RRSIGS are put together with the rrsets they (claim to) sign.
41  * This process works as follows:
42  *	o if RRSIG follows the data rrset, it is added to the rrset rrsig list.
43  *	o if no matching data rrset is found, the RRSIG becomes a new rrset.
44  *	o If the data rrset later follows the RRSIG
45  *		o See if the RRSIG rrset contains multiple types, and needs to
46  *		  have the rrsig(s) for that data type split off.
47  *		o Put the data rr as data type in the rrset and rrsig in list.
48  *	o RRSIGs are allowed to move to a different section. The section of
49  *	  the data item is used for the final rrset.
50  *	o multiple signatures over an RRset are possible.
51  *
52  * For queries of qtype=RRSIG, some special handling is needed, to avoid
53  * splitting the RRSIG in the answer section.
54  *	o duplicate, not split, RRSIGs from the answer section, if qtype=RRSIG.
55  *	o check for doubles in the rrsig list when adding an RRSIG to data,
56  *	  so that a data rrset is signed by RRSIGs with different rdata.
57  *	  when qtype=RRSIG.
58  * This will move the RRSIG from the answer section to sign the data further
59  * in the packet (if possible). If then after that, more RRSIGs are found
60  * that sign the data as well, doubles are removed.
61  */
62 
63 #ifndef UTIL_DATA_MSGPARSE_H
64 #define UTIL_DATA_MSGPARSE_H
65 #include "util/storage/lruhash.h"
66 #include "sldns/pkthdr.h"
67 #include "sldns/rrdef.h"
68 struct sldns_buffer;
69 struct rrset_parse;
70 struct rr_parse;
71 struct regional;
72 struct edns_option;
73 
74 /** number of buckets in parse rrset hash table. Must be power of 2. */
75 #define PARSE_TABLE_SIZE 32
76 /** Maximum TTL that is allowed. */
77 extern time_t MAX_TTL;
78 /** Minimum TTL that is allowed. */
79 extern time_t MIN_TTL;
80 /** Maximum Negative TTL that is allowed */
81 extern time_t MAX_NEG_TTL;
82 /** Negative cache time (for entries without any RRs.) */
83 #define NORR_TTL 5 /* seconds */
84 
85 /**
86  * Data stored in scratch pad memory during parsing.
87  * Stores the data that will enter into the msgreply and packet result.
88  */
89 struct msg_parse {
90 	/** id from message, network format. */
91 	uint16_t id;
92 	/** flags from message, host format. */
93 	uint16_t flags;
94 	/** count of RRs, host format */
95 	uint16_t qdcount;
96 	/** count of RRs, host format */
97 	uint16_t ancount;
98 	/** count of RRs, host format */
99 	uint16_t nscount;
100 	/** count of RRs, host format */
101 	uint16_t arcount;
102 	/** count of RRsets per section. */
103 	size_t an_rrsets;
104 	/** count of RRsets per section. */
105 	size_t ns_rrsets;
106 	/** count of RRsets per section. */
107 	size_t ar_rrsets;
108 	/** total number of rrsets found. */
109 	size_t rrset_count;
110 
111 	/** query dname (pointer to start location in packet, NULL if none */
112 	uint8_t* qname;
113 	/** length of query dname in octets, 0 if none */
114 	size_t qname_len;
115 	/** query type, host order. 0 if qdcount=0 */
116 	uint16_t qtype;
117 	/** query class, host order. 0 if qdcount=0 */
118 	uint16_t qclass;
119 
120 	/**
121 	 * Hash table array used during parsing to lookup rrset types.
122 	 * Based on name, type, class.  Same hash value as in rrset cache.
123 	 */
124 	struct rrset_parse* hashtable[PARSE_TABLE_SIZE];
125 
126 	/** linked list of rrsets that have been found (in order). */
127 	struct rrset_parse* rrset_first;
128 	/** last element of rrset list. */
129 	struct rrset_parse* rrset_last;
130 };
131 
132 /**
133  * Data stored for an rrset during parsing.
134  */
135 struct rrset_parse {
136 	/** next in hash bucket */
137 	struct rrset_parse* rrset_bucket_next;
138 	/** next in list of all rrsets */
139 	struct rrset_parse* rrset_all_next;
140 	/** hash value of rrset */
141 	hashvalue_type hash;
142 	/** which section was it found in: one of
143 	 * LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER, LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY, LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL
144 	 */
145 	sldns_pkt_section section;
146 	/** start of (possibly compressed) dname in packet */
147 	uint8_t* dname;
148 	/** length of the dname uncompressed wireformat */
149 	size_t dname_len;
150 	/** type, host order. */
151 	uint16_t type;
152 	/** class, network order. var name so that it is not a c++ keyword. */
153 	uint16_t rrset_class;
154 	/** the flags for the rrset, like for packedrrset */
155 	uint32_t flags;
156 	/** number of RRs in the rr list */
157 	size_t rr_count;
158 	/** sum of RR rdata sizes */
159 	size_t size;
160 	/** linked list of RRs in this rrset. */
161 	struct rr_parse* rr_first;
162 	/** last in list of RRs in this rrset. */
163 	struct rr_parse* rr_last;
164 	/** number of RRSIGs over this rrset. */
165 	size_t rrsig_count;
166 	/** linked list of RRsig RRs over this rrset. */
167 	struct rr_parse* rrsig_first;
168 	/** last in list of RRSIG RRs over this rrset. */
169 	struct rr_parse* rrsig_last;
170 };
171 
172 /**
173  * Data stored for an RR during parsing.
174  */
175 struct rr_parse {
176 	/**
177 	 * Pointer to the RR. Points to start of TTL value in the packet.
178 	 * Rdata length and rdata follow it.
179 	 * its dname, type and class are the same and stored for the rrset.
180 	 */
181 	uint8_t* ttl_data;
182 	/** true if ttl_data is not part of the packet, but elsewhere in mem.
183 	 * Set for generated CNAMEs for DNAMEs. */
184 	int outside_packet;
185 	/** the length of the rdata if allocated (with no dname compression)*/
186 	size_t size;
187 	/** next in list of RRs. */
188 	struct rr_parse* next;
189 };
190 
191 /** Check if label length is first octet of a compression pointer, pass u8. */
192 #define LABEL_IS_PTR(x) ( ((x)&0xc0) == 0xc0 )
193 /** Calculate destination offset of a compression pointer. pass first and
194  * second octets of the compression pointer. */
195 #define PTR_OFFSET(x, y) ( ((x)&0x3f)<<8 | (y) )
196 /** create a compression pointer to the given offset. */
197 #define PTR_CREATE(offset) ((uint16_t)(0xc000 | (offset)))
198 
199 /** error codes, extended with EDNS, so > 15. */
200 #define EDNS_RCODE_BADVERS	16	/** bad EDNS version */
201 /** largest valid compression offset */
202 #define PTR_MAX_OFFSET 	0x3fff
203 
204 /**
205  * EDNS data storage
206  * rdata is parsed in a list (has accessor functions). allocated in a
207  * region.
208  */
209 struct edns_data {
210 	/** if EDNS OPT record was present */
211 	int edns_present;
212 	/** Extended RCODE */
213 	uint8_t ext_rcode;
214 	/** The EDNS version number */
215 	uint8_t edns_version;
216 	/** the EDNS bits field from ttl (host order): Z */
217 	uint16_t bits;
218 	/** UDP reassembly size. */
219 	uint16_t udp_size;
220 	/** rdata element list, or NULL if none */
221 	struct edns_option* opt_list;
222 };
223 
224 /**
225  * EDNS option
226  */
227 struct edns_option {
228 	/** next item in list */
229 	struct edns_option* next;
230 	/** type of this edns option */
231 	uint16_t opt_code;
232 	/** length of this edns option (cannot exceed uint16 in encoding) */
233 	size_t opt_len;
234 	/** data of this edns option; allocated in region, or NULL if len=0 */
235 	uint8_t* opt_data;
236 };
237 
238 /**
239  * Obtain size in the packet of an rr type, that is before dname type.
240  * Do TYPE_DNAME, and type STR, yourself. Gives size for most regular types.
241  * @param rdf: the rdf type from the descriptor.
242  * @return: size in octets. 0 on failure.
243  */
244 size_t get_rdf_size(sldns_rdf_type rdf);
245 
246 /**
247  * Parse the packet.
248  * @param pkt: packet, position at call must be at start of packet.
249  *	at end position is after packet.
250  * @param msg: where to store results.
251  * @param region: how to alloc results.
252  * @return: 0 if OK, or rcode on error.
253  */
254 int parse_packet(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, struct msg_parse* msg,
255 	struct regional* region);
256 
257 /**
258  * After parsing the packet, extract EDNS data from packet.
259  * If not present this is noted in the data structure.
260  * If a parse error happens, an error code is returned.
261  *
262  * Quirks:
263  *	o ignores OPT rdata.
264  *	o ignores OPT owner name.
265  *	o ignores extra OPT records, except the last one in the packet.
266  *
267  * @param msg: parsed message structure. Modified on exit, if EDNS was present
268  * 	it is removed from the additional section.
269  * @param edns: the edns data is stored here. Does not have to be initialised.
270  * @param region: region to alloc results in (edns option contents)
271  * @return: 0 on success. or an RCODE on an error.
272  *	RCODE formerr if OPT in wrong section, and so on.
273  */
274 int parse_extract_edns(struct msg_parse* msg, struct edns_data* edns,
275 	struct regional* region);
276 
277 /**
278  * If EDNS data follows a query section, extract it and initialize edns struct.
279  * @param pkt: the packet. position at start must be right after the query
280  *	section. At end, right after EDNS data or no movement if failed.
281  * @param edns: the edns data allocated by the caller. Does not have to be
282  *	initialised.
283  * @param region: region to alloc results in (edns option contents)
284  * @return: 0 on success, or an RCODE on error.
285  *	RCODE formerr if OPT is badly formatted and so on.
286  */
287 int parse_edns_from_pkt(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, struct edns_data* edns,
288 	struct regional* region);
289 
290 /**
291  * Calculate hash value for rrset in packet.
292  * @param pkt: the packet.
293  * @param dname: pointer to uncompressed dname, or compressed dname in packet.
294  * @param type: rrset type in host order.
295  * @param dclass: rrset class in network order.
296  * @param rrset_flags: rrset flags (same as packed_rrset flags).
297  * @return hash value
298  */
299 hashvalue_type pkt_hash_rrset(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname,
300 	uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass, uint32_t rrset_flags);
301 
302 /**
303  * Lookup in msg hashtable to find a rrset.
304  * @param msg: with the hashtable.
305  * @param pkt: packet for compressed names.
306  * @param h: hash value
307  * @param rrset_flags: flags of rrset sought for.
308  * @param dname: name of rrset sought for.
309  * @param dnamelen: len of dname.
310  * @param type: rrset type, host order.
311  * @param dclass: rrset class, network order.
312  * @return NULL or the rrset_parse if found.
313  */
314 struct rrset_parse* msgparse_hashtable_lookup(struct msg_parse* msg,
315 	struct sldns_buffer* pkt, hashvalue_type h, uint32_t rrset_flags,
316 	uint8_t* dname, size_t dnamelen, uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass);
317 
318 /**
319  * Remove rrset from hash table.
320  * @param msg: with hashtable.
321  * @param rrset: with hash value and id info.
322  */
323 void msgparse_bucket_remove(struct msg_parse* msg, struct rrset_parse* rrset);
324 
325 /**
326  * Log the edns options in the edns option list.
327  * @param level: the verbosity level.
328  * @param info_str: the informational string to be printed before the options.
329  * @param list: the edns option list.
330  */
331 void log_edns_opt_list(enum verbosity_value level, const char* info_str,
332 	struct edns_option* list);
333 
334 #endif /* UTIL_DATA_MSGPARSE_H */
335