xref: /freebsd/contrib/unbound/util/data/msgparse.c (revision 5bf5ca772c6de2d53344a78cf461447cc322ccea)
1 /*
2  * util/data/msgparse.c - parse wireformat DNS messages.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 /**
36  * \file
37  * Routines for message parsing a packet buffer to a descriptive structure.
38  */
39 #include "config.h"
40 #include "util/data/msgparse.h"
41 #include "util/data/msgreply.h"
42 #include "util/data/dname.h"
43 #include "util/data/packed_rrset.h"
44 #include "util/storage/lookup3.h"
45 #include "util/regional.h"
46 #include "sldns/rrdef.h"
47 #include "sldns/sbuffer.h"
48 #include "sldns/parseutil.h"
49 #include "sldns/wire2str.h"
50 
51 /** smart comparison of (compressed, valid) dnames from packet */
52 static int
53 smart_compare(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dnow,
54 	uint8_t* dprfirst, uint8_t* dprlast)
55 {
56 	if(LABEL_IS_PTR(*dnow)) {
57 		/* ptr points to a previous dname */
58 		uint8_t* p = sldns_buffer_at(pkt, PTR_OFFSET(dnow[0], dnow[1]));
59 		if( p == dprfirst || p == dprlast )
60 			return 0;
61 		/* prev dname is also a ptr, both ptrs are the same. */
62 		if(LABEL_IS_PTR(*dprlast) &&
63 			dprlast[0] == dnow[0] && dprlast[1] == dnow[1])
64 			return 0;
65 	}
66 	return dname_pkt_compare(pkt, dnow, dprlast);
67 }
68 
69 /**
70  * Allocate new rrset in region, fill with data.
71  */
72 static struct rrset_parse*
73 new_rrset(struct msg_parse* msg, uint8_t* dname, size_t dnamelen,
74 	uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass, hashvalue_t hash,
75 	uint32_t rrset_flags, sldns_pkt_section section,
76 	struct regional* region)
77 {
78 	struct rrset_parse* p = regional_alloc(region, sizeof(*p));
79 	if(!p) return NULL;
80 	p->rrset_bucket_next = msg->hashtable[hash & (PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1)];
81 	msg->hashtable[hash & (PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1)] = p;
82 	p->rrset_all_next = 0;
83 	if(msg->rrset_last)
84 		msg->rrset_last->rrset_all_next = p;
85 	else 	msg->rrset_first = p;
86 	msg->rrset_last = p;
87 	p->hash = hash;
88 	p->section = section;
89 	p->dname = dname;
90 	p->dname_len = dnamelen;
91 	p->type = type;
92 	p->rrset_class = dclass;
93 	p->flags = rrset_flags;
94 	p->rr_count = 0;
95 	p->size = 0;
96 	p->rr_first = 0;
97 	p->rr_last = 0;
98 	p->rrsig_count = 0;
99 	p->rrsig_first = 0;
100 	p->rrsig_last = 0;
101 	return p;
102 }
103 
104 /** See if next rrset is nsec at zone apex */
105 static int
106 nsec_at_apex(sldns_buffer* pkt)
107 {
108 	/* we are at ttl position in packet. */
109 	size_t pos = sldns_buffer_position(pkt);
110 	uint16_t rdatalen;
111 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 7) /* ttl+len+root */
112 		return 0; /* eek! */
113 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, 4); /* ttl */;
114 	rdatalen = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
115 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < rdatalen) {
116 		sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
117 		return 0; /* parse error happens later */
118 	}
119 	/* must validate the nsec next domain name format */
120 	if(pkt_dname_len(pkt) == 0) {
121 		sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
122 		return 0; /* parse error */
123 	}
124 
125 	/* see if SOA bit is set. */
126 	if(sldns_buffer_position(pkt) < pos+4+rdatalen) {
127 		/* nsec type bitmap contains items */
128 		uint8_t win, blen, bits;
129 		/* need: windownum, bitmap len, firstbyte */
130 		if(sldns_buffer_position(pkt)+3 > pos+4+rdatalen) {
131 			sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
132 			return 0; /* malformed nsec */
133 		}
134 		win = sldns_buffer_read_u8(pkt);
135 		blen = sldns_buffer_read_u8(pkt);
136 		bits = sldns_buffer_read_u8(pkt);
137 		/* 0window always first window. bitlen >=1 or parse
138 		   error really. bit 0x2 is SOA. */
139 		if(win == 0 && blen >= 1 && (bits & 0x02)) {
140 			sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
141 			return 1;
142 		}
143 	}
144 
145 	sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
146 	return 0;
147 }
148 
149 /** Calculate rrset flags */
150 static uint32_t
151 pkt_rrset_flags(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint16_t type, sldns_pkt_section sec)
152 {
153 	uint32_t f = 0;
154 	if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_NSEC && nsec_at_apex(pkt)) {
155 		f |= PACKED_RRSET_NSEC_AT_APEX;
156 	} else if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_SOA && sec == LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY) {
157 		f |= PACKED_RRSET_SOA_NEG;
158 	}
159 	return f;
160 }
161 
162 hashvalue_t
163 pkt_hash_rrset(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname, uint16_t type,
164 	uint16_t dclass, uint32_t rrset_flags)
165 {
166 	/* note this MUST be identical to rrset_key_hash in packed_rrset.c */
167 	/* this routine handles compressed names */
168 	hashvalue_t h = 0xab;
169 	h = dname_pkt_hash(pkt, dname, h);
170 	h = hashlittle(&type, sizeof(type), h);		/* host order */
171 	h = hashlittle(&dclass, sizeof(dclass), h);	/* netw order */
172 	h = hashlittle(&rrset_flags, sizeof(uint32_t), h);
173 	return h;
174 }
175 
176 /** create partial dname hash for rrset hash */
177 static hashvalue_t
178 pkt_hash_rrset_first(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname)
179 {
180 	/* works together with pkt_hash_rrset_rest */
181 	/* note this MUST be identical to rrset_key_hash in packed_rrset.c */
182 	/* this routine handles compressed names */
183 	hashvalue_t h = 0xab;
184 	h = dname_pkt_hash(pkt, dname, h);
185 	return h;
186 }
187 
188 /** create a rrset hash from a partial dname hash */
189 static hashvalue_t
190 pkt_hash_rrset_rest(hashvalue_t dname_h, uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass,
191 	uint32_t rrset_flags)
192 {
193 	/* works together with pkt_hash_rrset_first */
194 	/* note this MUST be identical to rrset_key_hash in packed_rrset.c */
195 	hashvalue_t h;
196 	h = hashlittle(&type, sizeof(type), dname_h);	/* host order */
197 	h = hashlittle(&dclass, sizeof(dclass), h);	/* netw order */
198 	h = hashlittle(&rrset_flags, sizeof(uint32_t), h);
199 	return h;
200 }
201 
202 /** compare rrset_parse with data */
203 static int
204 rrset_parse_equals(struct rrset_parse* p, sldns_buffer* pkt, hashvalue_t h,
205 	uint32_t rrset_flags, uint8_t* dname, size_t dnamelen,
206 	uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass)
207 {
208 	if(p->hash == h && p->dname_len == dnamelen && p->type == type &&
209 		p->rrset_class == dclass && p->flags == rrset_flags &&
210 		dname_pkt_compare(pkt, dname, p->dname) == 0)
211 		return 1;
212 	return 0;
213 }
214 
215 
216 struct rrset_parse*
217 msgparse_hashtable_lookup(struct msg_parse* msg, sldns_buffer* pkt,
218 	hashvalue_t h, uint32_t rrset_flags, uint8_t* dname, size_t dnamelen,
219 	uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass)
220 {
221 	struct rrset_parse* p = msg->hashtable[h & (PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1)];
222 	while(p) {
223 		if(rrset_parse_equals(p, pkt, h, rrset_flags, dname, dnamelen,
224 			type, dclass))
225 			return p;
226 		p = p->rrset_bucket_next;
227 	}
228 	return NULL;
229 }
230 
231 /** return type networkformat that rrsig in packet covers */
232 static int
233 pkt_rrsig_covered(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* here, uint16_t* type)
234 {
235 	size_t pos = sldns_buffer_position(pkt);
236 	sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, (size_t)(here-sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)));
237 	/* ttl + len + size of small rrsig(rootlabel, no signature) */
238 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 4+2+19)
239 		return 0;
240 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, 4); /* ttl */
241 	if(sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt) < 19) /* too short */ {
242 		sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
243 		return 0;
244 	}
245 	*type = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
246 	sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
247 	return 1;
248 }
249 
250 /** true if covered type equals prevtype */
251 static int
252 pkt_rrsig_covered_equals(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* here, uint16_t type)
253 {
254 	uint16_t t;
255 	if(pkt_rrsig_covered(pkt, here, &t) && t == type)
256 		return 1;
257 	return 0;
258 }
259 
260 void
261 msgparse_bucket_remove(struct msg_parse* msg, struct rrset_parse* rrset)
262 {
263 	struct rrset_parse** p;
264 	p = &msg->hashtable[ rrset->hash & (PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1) ];
265 	while(*p) {
266 		if(*p == rrset) {
267 			*p = rrset->rrset_bucket_next;
268 			return;
269 		}
270 		p = &( (*p)->rrset_bucket_next );
271 	}
272 }
273 
274 /** change section of rrset from previous to current section */
275 static void
276 change_section(struct msg_parse* msg, struct rrset_parse* rrset,
277 	sldns_pkt_section section)
278 {
279 	struct rrset_parse *p, *prev;
280 	/* remove from list */
281 	if(section == rrset->section)
282 		return;
283 	p = msg->rrset_first;
284 	prev = 0;
285 	while(p) {
286 		if(p == rrset) {
287 			if(prev) prev->rrset_all_next = p->rrset_all_next;
288 			else	msg->rrset_first = p->rrset_all_next;
289 			if(msg->rrset_last == rrset)
290 				msg->rrset_last = prev;
291 			break;
292 		}
293 		prev = p;
294 		p = p->rrset_all_next;
295 	}
296 	/* remove from count */
297 	switch(rrset->section) {
298 		case LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER: msg->an_rrsets--; break;
299 		case LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY: msg->ns_rrsets--; break;
300 		case LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL: msg->ar_rrsets--; break;
301 		default: log_assert(0);
302 	}
303 	/* insert at end of list */
304 	rrset->rrset_all_next = 0;
305 	if(msg->rrset_last)
306 		msg->rrset_last->rrset_all_next = rrset;
307 	else	msg->rrset_first = rrset;
308 	msg->rrset_last = rrset;
309 	/* up count of new section */
310 	switch(section) {
311 		case LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY: msg->ns_rrsets++; break;
312 		case LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL: msg->ar_rrsets++; break;
313 		default: log_assert(0);
314 	}
315 	rrset->section = section;
316 }
317 
318 /** see if rrset of type RRSIG contains sig over given type */
319 static int
320 rrset_has_sigover(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct rrset_parse* rrset, uint16_t type,
321 	int* hasother)
322 {
323 	int res = 0;
324 	struct rr_parse* rr = rrset->rr_first;
325 	log_assert( rrset->type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG );
326 	while(rr) {
327 		if(pkt_rrsig_covered_equals(pkt, rr->ttl_data, type))
328 			res = 1;
329 		else	*hasother = 1;
330 		rr = rr->next;
331 	}
332 	return res;
333 }
334 
335 /** move rrsigs from sigset to dataset */
336 static int
337 moveover_rrsigs(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct regional* region,
338 	struct rrset_parse* sigset, struct rrset_parse* dataset, int duplicate)
339 {
340 	struct rr_parse* sig = sigset->rr_first;
341 	struct rr_parse* prev = NULL;
342 	struct rr_parse* insert;
343 	struct rr_parse* nextsig;
344 	while(sig) {
345 		nextsig = sig->next;
346 		if(pkt_rrsig_covered_equals(pkt, sig->ttl_data,
347 			dataset->type)) {
348 			if(duplicate) {
349 				/* new */
350 				insert = (struct rr_parse*)regional_alloc(
351 					region, sizeof(struct rr_parse));
352 				if(!insert) return 0;
353 				insert->outside_packet = 0;
354 				insert->ttl_data = sig->ttl_data;
355 				insert->size = sig->size;
356 				/* prev not used */
357 			} else {
358 				/* remove from sigset */
359 				if(prev) prev->next = sig->next;
360 				else	sigset->rr_first = sig->next;
361 				if(sigset->rr_last == sig)
362 					sigset->rr_last = prev;
363 				sigset->rr_count--;
364 				sigset->size -= sig->size;
365 				insert = sig;
366 				/* prev not changed */
367 			}
368 			/* add to dataset */
369 			dataset->rrsig_count++;
370 			insert->next = 0;
371 			if(dataset->rrsig_last)
372 				dataset->rrsig_last->next = insert;
373 			else	dataset->rrsig_first = insert;
374 			dataset->rrsig_last = insert;
375 			dataset->size += insert->size;
376 		} else  {
377 			prev = sig;
378 		}
379 		sig = nextsig;
380 	}
381 	return 1;
382 }
383 
384 /** change an rrsig rrset for use as data rrset */
385 static struct rrset_parse*
386 change_rrsig_rrset(struct rrset_parse* sigset, struct msg_parse* msg,
387 	sldns_buffer* pkt, uint16_t datatype, uint32_t rrset_flags,
388 	int hasother, sldns_pkt_section section, struct regional* region)
389 {
390 	struct rrset_parse* dataset = sigset;
391 	hashvalue_t hash = pkt_hash_rrset(pkt, sigset->dname, datatype,
392 		sigset->rrset_class, rrset_flags);
393 	log_assert( sigset->type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG );
394 	log_assert( datatype != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG );
395 	if(hasother) {
396 		/* need to make new rrset to hold data type */
397 		dataset = new_rrset(msg, sigset->dname, sigset->dname_len,
398 			datatype, sigset->rrset_class, hash, rrset_flags,
399 			section, region);
400 		if(!dataset)
401 			return NULL;
402 		switch(section) {
403 			case LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER: msg->an_rrsets++; break;
404 			case LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY: msg->ns_rrsets++; break;
405 			case LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL: msg->ar_rrsets++; break;
406 			default: log_assert(0);
407 		}
408 		if(!moveover_rrsigs(pkt, region, sigset, dataset,
409 			msg->qtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG ||
410 			(msg->qtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_ANY &&
411 			section != LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER) ))
412 			return NULL;
413 		return dataset;
414 	}
415 	/* changeover the type of the rrset to data set */
416 	msgparse_bucket_remove(msg, dataset);
417 	/* insert into new hash bucket */
418 	dataset->rrset_bucket_next = msg->hashtable[hash&(PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1)];
419 	msg->hashtable[hash&(PARSE_TABLE_SIZE-1)] = dataset;
420 	dataset->hash = hash;
421 	/* use section of data item for result */
422 	change_section(msg, dataset, section);
423 	dataset->type = datatype;
424 	dataset->flags = rrset_flags;
425 	dataset->rrsig_count += dataset->rr_count;
426 	dataset->rr_count = 0;
427 	/* move sigs to end of siglist */
428 	if(dataset->rrsig_last)
429 		dataset->rrsig_last->next = dataset->rr_first;
430 	else	dataset->rrsig_first = dataset->rr_first;
431 	dataset->rrsig_last = dataset->rr_last;
432 	dataset->rr_first = 0;
433 	dataset->rr_last = 0;
434 	return dataset;
435 }
436 
437 /** Find rrset. If equal to previous it is fast. hash if not so.
438  * @param msg: the message with hash table.
439  * @param pkt: the packet in wireformat (needed for compression ptrs).
440  * @param dname: pointer to start of dname (compressed) in packet.
441  * @param dnamelen: uncompressed wirefmt length of dname.
442  * @param type: type of current rr.
443  * @param dclass: class of current rr.
444  * @param hash: hash value is returned if the rrset could not be found.
445  * @param rrset_flags: is returned if the rrset could not be found.
446  * @param prev_dname_first: dname of last seen RR. First seen dname.
447  * @param prev_dname_last: dname of last seen RR. Last seen dname.
448  * @param prev_dnamelen: dname len of last seen RR.
449  * @param prev_type: type of last seen RR.
450  * @param prev_dclass: class of last seen RR.
451  * @param rrset_prev: last seen RRset.
452  * @param section: the current section in the packet.
453  * @param region: used to allocate temporary parsing data.
454  * @return 0 on out of memory.
455  */
456 static int
457 find_rrset(struct msg_parse* msg, sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname,
458 	size_t dnamelen, uint16_t type, uint16_t dclass, hashvalue_t* hash,
459 	uint32_t* rrset_flags,
460 	uint8_t** prev_dname_first, uint8_t** prev_dname_last,
461 	size_t* prev_dnamelen, uint16_t* prev_type,
462 	uint16_t* prev_dclass, struct rrset_parse** rrset_prev,
463 	sldns_pkt_section section, struct regional* region)
464 {
465 	hashvalue_t dname_h = pkt_hash_rrset_first(pkt, dname);
466 	uint16_t covtype;
467 	if(*rrset_prev) {
468 		/* check if equal to previous item */
469 		if(type == *prev_type && dclass == *prev_dclass &&
470 			dnamelen == *prev_dnamelen &&
471 			smart_compare(pkt, dname, *prev_dname_first,
472 				*prev_dname_last) == 0 &&
473 			type != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG) {
474 			/* same as previous */
475 			*prev_dname_last = dname;
476 			return 1;
477 		}
478 		/* check if rrsig over previous item */
479 		if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG && dclass == *prev_dclass &&
480 			pkt_rrsig_covered_equals(pkt, sldns_buffer_current(pkt),
481 				*prev_type) &&
482 			smart_compare(pkt, dname, *prev_dname_first,
483 				*prev_dname_last) == 0) {
484 			/* covers previous */
485 			*prev_dname_last = dname;
486 			return 1;
487 		}
488 	}
489 	/* find by hashing and lookup in hashtable */
490 	*rrset_flags = pkt_rrset_flags(pkt, type, section);
491 
492 	/* if rrsig - try to lookup matching data set first */
493 	if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG && pkt_rrsig_covered(pkt,
494 		sldns_buffer_current(pkt), &covtype)) {
495 		*hash = pkt_hash_rrset_rest(dname_h, covtype, dclass,
496 			*rrset_flags);
497 		*rrset_prev = msgparse_hashtable_lookup(msg, pkt, *hash,
498 			*rrset_flags, dname, dnamelen, covtype, dclass);
499 		if(!*rrset_prev && covtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_NSEC) {
500 			/* if NSEC try with NSEC apex bit twiddled */
501 			*rrset_flags ^= PACKED_RRSET_NSEC_AT_APEX;
502 			*hash = pkt_hash_rrset_rest(dname_h, covtype, dclass,
503 				*rrset_flags);
504 			*rrset_prev = msgparse_hashtable_lookup(msg, pkt,
505 				*hash, *rrset_flags, dname, dnamelen, covtype,
506 				dclass);
507 			if(!*rrset_prev) /* untwiddle if not found */
508 				*rrset_flags ^= PACKED_RRSET_NSEC_AT_APEX;
509 		}
510 		if(!*rrset_prev && covtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_SOA) {
511 			/* if SOA try with SOA neg flag twiddled */
512 			*rrset_flags ^= PACKED_RRSET_SOA_NEG;
513 			*hash = pkt_hash_rrset_rest(dname_h, covtype, dclass,
514 				*rrset_flags);
515 			*rrset_prev = msgparse_hashtable_lookup(msg, pkt,
516 				*hash, *rrset_flags, dname, dnamelen, covtype,
517 				dclass);
518 			if(!*rrset_prev) /* untwiddle if not found */
519 				*rrset_flags ^= PACKED_RRSET_SOA_NEG;
520 		}
521 		if(*rrset_prev) {
522 			*prev_dname_first = (*rrset_prev)->dname;
523 			*prev_dname_last = dname;
524 			*prev_dnamelen = dnamelen;
525 			*prev_type = covtype;
526 			*prev_dclass = dclass;
527 			return 1;
528 		}
529 	}
530 	if(type != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG) {
531 		int hasother = 0;
532 		/* find matching rrsig */
533 		*hash = pkt_hash_rrset_rest(dname_h, LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG,
534 			dclass, 0);
535 		*rrset_prev = msgparse_hashtable_lookup(msg, pkt, *hash,
536 			0, dname, dnamelen, LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG,
537 			dclass);
538 		if(*rrset_prev && rrset_has_sigover(pkt, *rrset_prev, type,
539 			&hasother)) {
540 			/* yes! */
541 			*prev_dname_first = (*rrset_prev)->dname;
542 			*prev_dname_last = dname;
543 			*prev_dnamelen = dnamelen;
544 			*prev_type = type;
545 			*prev_dclass = dclass;
546 			*rrset_prev = change_rrsig_rrset(*rrset_prev, msg,
547 				pkt, type, *rrset_flags, hasother, section,
548 				region);
549 			if(!*rrset_prev) return 0;
550 			return 1;
551 		}
552 	}
553 
554 	*hash = pkt_hash_rrset_rest(dname_h, type, dclass, *rrset_flags);
555 	*rrset_prev = msgparse_hashtable_lookup(msg, pkt, *hash, *rrset_flags,
556 		dname, dnamelen, type, dclass);
557 	if(*rrset_prev)
558 		*prev_dname_first = (*rrset_prev)->dname;
559 	else 	*prev_dname_first = dname;
560 	*prev_dname_last = dname;
561 	*prev_dnamelen = dnamelen;
562 	*prev_type = type;
563 	*prev_dclass = dclass;
564 	return 1;
565 }
566 
567 /**
568  * Parse query section.
569  * @param pkt: packet, position at call must be at start of query section.
570  *	at end position is after query section.
571  * @param msg: store results here.
572  * @return: 0 if OK, or rcode on error.
573  */
574 static int
575 parse_query_section(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct msg_parse* msg)
576 {
577 	if(msg->qdcount == 0)
578 		return 0;
579 	if(msg->qdcount > 1)
580 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
581 	log_assert(msg->qdcount == 1);
582 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) <= 0)
583 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
584 	msg->qname = sldns_buffer_current(pkt);
585 	if((msg->qname_len = pkt_dname_len(pkt)) == 0)
586 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
587 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < sizeof(uint16_t)*2)
588 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
589 	msg->qtype = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
590 	msg->qclass = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
591 	return 0;
592 }
593 
594 size_t
595 get_rdf_size(sldns_rdf_type rdf)
596 {
597 	switch(rdf) {
598 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_CLASS:
599 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_ALG:
600 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_INT8:
601 			return 1;
602 			break;
603 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_INT16:
604 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_TYPE:
605 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_CERT_ALG:
606 			return 2;
607 			break;
608 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_INT32:
609 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_TIME:
610 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_A:
611 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_PERIOD:
612 			return 4;
613 			break;
614 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_TSIGTIME:
615 			return 6;
616 			break;
617 		case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_AAAA:
618 			return 16;
619 			break;
620 		default:
621 			log_assert(0); /* add type above */
622 			/* only types that appear before a domain  *
623 			 * name are needed. rest is simply copied. */
624 	}
625 	return 0;
626 }
627 
628 /** calculate the size of one rr */
629 static int
630 calc_size(sldns_buffer* pkt, uint16_t type, struct rr_parse* rr)
631 {
632 	const sldns_rr_descriptor* desc;
633 	uint16_t pkt_len; /* length of rr inside the packet */
634 	rr->size = sizeof(uint16_t); /* the rdatalen */
635 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, 4); /* skip ttl */
636 	pkt_len = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
637 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < pkt_len)
638 		return 0;
639 	desc = sldns_rr_descript(type);
640 	if(pkt_len > 0 && desc && desc->_dname_count > 0) {
641 		int count = (int)desc->_dname_count;
642 		int rdf = 0;
643 		size_t len;
644 		size_t oldpos;
645 		/* skip first part. */
646 		while(pkt_len > 0 && count) {
647 			switch(desc->_wireformat[rdf]) {
648 			case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_DNAME:
649 				/* decompress every domain name */
650 				oldpos = sldns_buffer_position(pkt);
651 				if((len = pkt_dname_len(pkt)) == 0)
652 					return 0; /* malformed dname */
653 				if(sldns_buffer_position(pkt)-oldpos > pkt_len)
654 					return 0; /* dname exceeds rdata */
655 				pkt_len -= sldns_buffer_position(pkt)-oldpos;
656 				rr->size += len;
657 				count--;
658 				len = 0;
659 				break;
660 			case LDNS_RDF_TYPE_STR:
661 				if(pkt_len < 1) {
662 					/* NOTREACHED, due to 'while(>0)' */
663 					return 0; /* len byte exceeds rdata */
664 				}
665 				len = sldns_buffer_current(pkt)[0] + 1;
666 				break;
667 			default:
668 				len = get_rdf_size(desc->_wireformat[rdf]);
669 			}
670 			if(len) {
671 				if(pkt_len < len)
672 					return 0; /* exceeds rdata */
673 				pkt_len -= len;
674 				sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, (ssize_t)len);
675 				rr->size += len;
676 			}
677 			rdf++;
678 		}
679 	}
680 	/* remaining rdata */
681 	rr->size += pkt_len;
682 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, (ssize_t)pkt_len);
683 	return 1;
684 }
685 
686 /** skip rr ttl and rdata */
687 static int
688 skip_ttl_rdata(sldns_buffer* pkt)
689 {
690 	uint16_t rdatalen;
691 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 6) /* ttl + rdatalen */
692 		return 0;
693 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, 4); /* ttl */
694 	rdatalen = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
695 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < rdatalen)
696 		return 0;
697 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, (ssize_t)rdatalen);
698 	return 1;
699 }
700 
701 /** see if RRSIG is a duplicate of another */
702 static int
703 sig_is_double(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct rrset_parse* rrset, uint8_t* ttldata)
704 {
705 	uint16_t rlen, siglen;
706 	size_t pos = sldns_buffer_position(pkt);
707 	struct rr_parse* sig;
708 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 6)
709 		return 0;
710 	sldns_buffer_skip(pkt, 4); /* ttl */
711 	rlen = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
712 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < rlen) {
713 		sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
714 		return 0;
715 	}
716 	sldns_buffer_set_position(pkt, pos);
717 
718 	sig = rrset->rrsig_first;
719 	while(sig) {
720 		/* check if rdatalen is same */
721 		memmove(&siglen, sig->ttl_data+4, sizeof(siglen));
722 		siglen = ntohs(siglen);
723 		/* checks if data in packet is exactly the same, this means
724 		 * also dname in rdata is the same, but rrsig is not allowed
725 		 * to have compressed dnames anyway. If it is compressed anyway
726 		 * it will lead to duplicate rrs for qtype=RRSIG. (or ANY).
727 		 *
728 		 * Cannot use sig->size because size of the other one is not
729 		 * calculated yet.
730 		 */
731 		if(siglen == rlen) {
732 			if(siglen>0 && memcmp(sig->ttl_data+6, ttldata+6,
733 				siglen) == 0) {
734 				/* same! */
735 				return 1;
736 			}
737 		}
738 		sig = sig->next;
739 	}
740 	return 0;
741 }
742 
743 /** Add rr (from packet here) to rrset, skips rr */
744 static int
745 add_rr_to_rrset(struct rrset_parse* rrset, sldns_buffer* pkt,
746 	struct msg_parse* msg, struct regional* region,
747 	sldns_pkt_section section, uint16_t type)
748 {
749 	struct rr_parse* rr;
750 	/* check section of rrset. */
751 	if(rrset->section != section && type != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG &&
752 		rrset->type != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG) {
753 		/* silently drop it - we drop the last part, since
754 		 * trust in rr data depends on the section it is in.
755 		 * the less trustworthy part is discarded.
756 		 * also the last part is more likely to be incomplete.
757 		 * RFC 2181: must put RRset only once in response. */
758 		/*
759 		verbose(VERB_QUERY, "Packet contains rrset data in "
760 			"multiple sections, dropped last part.");
761 		log_buf(VERB_QUERY, "packet was", pkt);
762 		*/
763 		/* forwards */
764 		if(!skip_ttl_rdata(pkt))
765 			return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
766 		return 0;
767 	}
768 
769 	if( (msg->qtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG ||
770 	     msg->qtype == LDNS_RR_TYPE_ANY)
771 	    && sig_is_double(pkt, rrset, sldns_buffer_current(pkt))) {
772 		if(!skip_ttl_rdata(pkt))
773 			return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
774 		return 0;
775 	}
776 
777 	/* create rr */
778 	if(!(rr = (struct rr_parse*)regional_alloc(region, sizeof(*rr))))
779 		return LDNS_RCODE_SERVFAIL;
780 	rr->outside_packet = 0;
781 	rr->ttl_data = sldns_buffer_current(pkt);
782 	rr->next = 0;
783 	if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG && rrset->type != LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG) {
784 		if(rrset->rrsig_last)
785 			rrset->rrsig_last->next = rr;
786 		else	rrset->rrsig_first = rr;
787 		rrset->rrsig_last = rr;
788 		rrset->rrsig_count++;
789 	} else {
790 		if(rrset->rr_last)
791 			rrset->rr_last->next = rr;
792 		else	rrset->rr_first = rr;
793 		rrset->rr_last = rr;
794 		rrset->rr_count++;
795 	}
796 
797 	/* calc decompressed size */
798 	if(!calc_size(pkt, type, rr))
799 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
800 	rrset->size += rr->size;
801 
802 	return 0;
803 }
804 
805 /**
806  * Parse packet RR section, for answer, authority and additional sections.
807  * @param pkt: packet, position at call must be at start of section.
808  *	at end position is after section.
809  * @param msg: store results here.
810  * @param region: how to alloc results.
811  * @param section: section enum.
812  * @param num_rrs: how many rrs are in the section.
813  * @param num_rrsets: returns number of rrsets in the section.
814  * @return: 0 if OK, or rcode on error.
815  */
816 static int
817 parse_section(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct msg_parse* msg,
818 	struct regional* region, sldns_pkt_section section,
819 	uint16_t num_rrs, size_t* num_rrsets)
820 {
821 	uint16_t i;
822 	uint8_t* dname, *prev_dname_f = NULL, *prev_dname_l = NULL;
823 	size_t dnamelen, prev_dnamelen = 0;
824 	uint16_t type, prev_type = 0;
825 	uint16_t dclass, prev_dclass = 0;
826 	uint32_t rrset_flags = 0;
827 	hashvalue_t hash = 0;
828 	struct rrset_parse* rrset = NULL;
829 	int r;
830 
831 	if(num_rrs == 0)
832 		return 0;
833 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) <= 0)
834 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
835 	for(i=0; i<num_rrs; i++) {
836 		/* parse this RR. */
837 		dname = sldns_buffer_current(pkt);
838 		if((dnamelen = pkt_dname_len(pkt)) == 0)
839 			return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
840 		if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 10) /* type, class, ttl, len */
841 			return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
842 		type = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
843 		sldns_buffer_read(pkt, &dclass, sizeof(dclass));
844 
845 		if(0) { /* debug show what is being parsed. */
846 			if(type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_RRSIG) {
847 				uint16_t t;
848 				if(pkt_rrsig_covered(pkt,
849 					sldns_buffer_current(pkt), &t))
850 					fprintf(stderr, "parse of %s(%d) [%s(%d)]",
851 					sldns_rr_descript(type)?
852 					sldns_rr_descript(type)->_name: "??",
853 					(int)type,
854 					sldns_rr_descript(t)?
855 					sldns_rr_descript(t)->_name: "??",
856 					(int)t);
857 			} else
858 			  fprintf(stderr, "parse of %s(%d)",
859 				sldns_rr_descript(type)?
860 				sldns_rr_descript(type)->_name: "??",
861 				(int)type);
862 			fprintf(stderr, " %s(%d) ",
863 				sldns_lookup_by_id(sldns_rr_classes,
864 				(int)ntohs(dclass))?sldns_lookup_by_id(
865 				sldns_rr_classes, (int)ntohs(dclass))->name:
866 				"??", (int)ntohs(dclass));
867 			dname_print(stderr, pkt, dname);
868 			fprintf(stderr, "\n");
869 		}
870 
871 		/* see if it is part of an existing RR set */
872 		if(!find_rrset(msg, pkt, dname, dnamelen, type, dclass, &hash,
873 			&rrset_flags, &prev_dname_f, &prev_dname_l,
874 			&prev_dnamelen, &prev_type, &prev_dclass, &rrset,
875 			section, region))
876 			return LDNS_RCODE_SERVFAIL;
877 		if(!rrset) {
878 			/* it is a new RR set. hash&flags already calculated.*/
879 			(*num_rrsets)++;
880 			rrset = new_rrset(msg, dname, dnamelen, type, dclass,
881 				hash, rrset_flags, section, region);
882 			if(!rrset)
883 				return LDNS_RCODE_SERVFAIL;
884 		}
885 		else if(0)	{
886 			fprintf(stderr, "is part of existing: ");
887 			dname_print(stderr, pkt, rrset->dname);
888 			fprintf(stderr, " type %s(%d)\n",
889 				sldns_rr_descript(rrset->type)?
890 				sldns_rr_descript(rrset->type)->_name: "??",
891 				(int)rrset->type);
892 		}
893 		/* add to rrset. */
894 		if((r=add_rr_to_rrset(rrset, pkt, msg, region, section,
895 			type)) != 0)
896 			return r;
897 	}
898 	return 0;
899 }
900 
901 int
902 parse_packet(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct msg_parse* msg, struct regional* region)
903 {
904 	int ret;
905 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < LDNS_HEADER_SIZE)
906 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
907 	/* read the header */
908 	sldns_buffer_read(pkt, &msg->id, sizeof(uint16_t));
909 	msg->flags = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
910 	msg->qdcount = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
911 	msg->ancount = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
912 	msg->nscount = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
913 	msg->arcount = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
914 	if(msg->qdcount > 1)
915 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
916 	if((ret = parse_query_section(pkt, msg)) != 0)
917 		return ret;
918 	if((ret = parse_section(pkt, msg, region, LDNS_SECTION_ANSWER,
919 		msg->ancount, &msg->an_rrsets)) != 0)
920 		return ret;
921 	if((ret = parse_section(pkt, msg, region, LDNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY,
922 		msg->nscount, &msg->ns_rrsets)) != 0)
923 		return ret;
924 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) == 0 && msg->arcount == 1) {
925 		/* BIND accepts leniently that an EDNS record is missing.
926 		 * so, we do too. */
927 	} else if((ret = parse_section(pkt, msg, region,
928 		LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL, msg->arcount, &msg->ar_rrsets)) != 0)
929 		return ret;
930 	/* if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) > 0) { */
931 		/* there is spurious data at end of packet. ignore */
932 	/* } */
933 	msg->rrset_count = msg->an_rrsets + msg->ns_rrsets + msg->ar_rrsets;
934 	return 0;
935 }
936 
937 /** parse EDNS options from EDNS wireformat rdata */
938 static int
939 parse_edns_options(uint8_t* rdata_ptr, size_t rdata_len,
940 	struct edns_data* edns, struct regional* region)
941 {
942 	/* while still more options, and have code+len to read */
943 	/* ignores partial content (i.e. rdata len 3) */
944 	while(rdata_len >= 4) {
945 		uint16_t opt_code = sldns_read_uint16(rdata_ptr);
946 		uint16_t opt_len = sldns_read_uint16(rdata_ptr+2);
947 		rdata_ptr += 4;
948 		rdata_len -= 4;
949 		if(opt_len > rdata_len)
950 			break; /* option code partial */
951 		if(!edns_opt_append(edns, region, opt_code, opt_len,
952 			rdata_ptr)) {
953 			log_err("out of memory");
954 			return 0;
955 		}
956 		rdata_ptr += opt_len;
957 		rdata_len -= opt_len;
958 	}
959 	return 1;
960 }
961 
962 int
963 parse_extract_edns(struct msg_parse* msg, struct edns_data* edns,
964 	struct regional* region)
965 {
966 	struct rrset_parse* rrset = msg->rrset_first;
967 	struct rrset_parse* prev = 0;
968 	struct rrset_parse* found = 0;
969 	struct rrset_parse* found_prev = 0;
970 	size_t rdata_len;
971 	uint8_t* rdata_ptr;
972 	/* since the class encodes the UDP size, we cannot use hash table to
973 	 * find the EDNS OPT record. Scan the packet. */
974 	while(rrset) {
975 		if(rrset->type == LDNS_RR_TYPE_OPT) {
976 			/* only one OPT RR allowed. */
977 			if(found) return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
978 			/* found it! */
979 			found_prev = prev;
980 			found = rrset;
981 		}
982 		prev = rrset;
983 		rrset = rrset->rrset_all_next;
984 	}
985 	if(!found) {
986 		memset(edns, 0, sizeof(*edns));
987 		edns->udp_size = 512;
988 		return 0;
989 	}
990 	/* check the found RRset */
991 	/* most lenient check possible. ignore dname, use last opt */
992 	if(found->section != LDNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL)
993 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
994 	if(found->rr_count == 0)
995 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
996 	if(0) { /* strict checking of dname and RRcount */
997 		if(found->dname_len != 1 || !found->dname
998 			|| found->dname[0] != 0) return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
999 		if(found->rr_count != 1) return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1000 	}
1001 	log_assert(found->rr_first && found->rr_last);
1002 
1003 	/* remove from packet */
1004 	if(found_prev)	found_prev->rrset_all_next = found->rrset_all_next;
1005 	else	msg->rrset_first = found->rrset_all_next;
1006 	if(found == msg->rrset_last)
1007 		msg->rrset_last = found_prev;
1008 	msg->arcount --;
1009 	msg->ar_rrsets --;
1010 	msg->rrset_count --;
1011 
1012 	/* take the data ! */
1013 	edns->edns_present = 1;
1014 	edns->ext_rcode = found->rr_last->ttl_data[0];
1015 	edns->edns_version = found->rr_last->ttl_data[1];
1016 	edns->bits = sldns_read_uint16(&found->rr_last->ttl_data[2]);
1017 	edns->udp_size = ntohs(found->rrset_class);
1018 	edns->opt_list = NULL;
1019 
1020 	/* take the options */
1021 	rdata_len = found->rr_first->size;
1022 	rdata_ptr = found->rr_first->ttl_data+6;
1023 	if(!parse_edns_options(rdata_ptr, rdata_len, edns, region))
1024 		return 0;
1025 
1026 	/* ignore rrsigs */
1027 
1028 	return 0;
1029 }
1030 
1031 int
1032 parse_edns_from_pkt(sldns_buffer* pkt, struct edns_data* edns,
1033 	struct regional* region)
1034 {
1035 	size_t rdata_len;
1036 	uint8_t* rdata_ptr;
1037 	log_assert(LDNS_QDCOUNT(sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)) == 1);
1038 	log_assert(LDNS_ANCOUNT(sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)) == 0);
1039 	log_assert(LDNS_NSCOUNT(sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)) == 0);
1040 	/* check edns section is present */
1041 	if(LDNS_ARCOUNT(sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)) > 1) {
1042 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1043 	}
1044 	if(LDNS_ARCOUNT(sldns_buffer_begin(pkt)) == 0) {
1045 		memset(edns, 0, sizeof(*edns));
1046 		edns->udp_size = 512;
1047 		return 0;
1048 	}
1049 	/* domain name must be the root of length 1. */
1050 	if(pkt_dname_len(pkt) != 1)
1051 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1052 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < 10) /* type, class, ttl, rdatalen */
1053 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1054 	if(sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt) != LDNS_RR_TYPE_OPT)
1055 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1056 	edns->edns_present = 1;
1057 	edns->udp_size = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt); /* class is udp size */
1058 	edns->ext_rcode = sldns_buffer_read_u8(pkt); /* ttl used for bits */
1059 	edns->edns_version = sldns_buffer_read_u8(pkt);
1060 	edns->bits = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
1061 	edns->opt_list = NULL;
1062 
1063 	/* take the options */
1064 	rdata_len = sldns_buffer_read_u16(pkt);
1065 	if(sldns_buffer_remaining(pkt) < rdata_len)
1066 		return LDNS_RCODE_FORMERR;
1067 	rdata_ptr = sldns_buffer_current(pkt);
1068 	if(!parse_edns_options(rdata_ptr, rdata_len, edns, region))
1069 		return LDNS_RCODE_SERVFAIL;
1070 
1071 	/* ignore rrsigs */
1072 
1073 	return 0;
1074 }
1075