xref: /freebsd/contrib/unbound/util/data/dname.h (revision b0d29bc47dba79f6f38e67eabadfb4b32ffd9390)
1 /*
2  * util/data/dname.h - domain name routines
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /**
37  * \file
38  *
39  * This file contains functions to deal with domain names (dnames).
40  *
41  * Some of the functions deal with domain names as a wireformat buffer,
42  * with a length.
43  */
44 
45 #ifndef UTIL_DATA_DNAME_H
46 #define UTIL_DATA_DNAME_H
47 #include "util/storage/lruhash.h"
48 struct sldns_buffer;
49 
50 /** max number of compression ptrs to follow */
51 #define MAX_COMPRESS_PTRS 256
52 
53 /**
54  * Determine length of dname in buffer, no compression ptrs allowed,
55  * @param query: the ldns buffer, current position at start of dname.
56  *	at end, position is at end of the dname.
57  * @return: 0 on parse failure, or length including ending 0 of dname.
58  */
59 size_t query_dname_len(struct sldns_buffer* query);
60 
61 /**
62  * Determine if dname in memory is correct. no compression ptrs allowed.
63  * @param dname: where dname starts in memory.
64  * @param len: dname is not allowed to exceed this length (i.e. of allocation).
65  * @return length of dname if dname is ok, 0 on a parse error.
66  */
67 size_t dname_valid(uint8_t* dname, size_t len);
68 
69 /** lowercase query dname */
70 void query_dname_tolower(uint8_t* dname);
71 
72 /**
73  * lowercase pkt dname (follows compression pointers)
74  * @param pkt: the packet, used to follow compression pointers. Position
75  *	is unchanged.
76  * @param dname: start of dname in packet.
77  */
78 void pkt_dname_tolower(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname);
79 
80 /**
81  * Compare query dnames (uncompressed storage). The Dnames passed do not
82  * have to be lowercased, comparison routine does this.
83  *
84  * This routine is special, in that the comparison that it does corresponds
85  * with the canonical comparison needed when comparing dnames inside rdata
86  * for RR types that need canonicalization. That means that the first byte
87  * that is smaller (possibly after lowercasing) makes an RR smaller, or the
88  * shortest name makes an RR smaller.
89  *
90  * This routine does not compute the canonical order needed for NSEC
91  * processing.
92  *
93  * Dnames have to be valid format.
94  * @param d1: dname to compare
95  * @param d2: dname to compare
96  * @return: -1, 0, or +1 depending on comparison results.
97  * 	Sort order is first difference found. not the canonical ordering.
98  */
99 int query_dname_compare(uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
100 
101 /**
102  * Determine correct, compressed, dname present in packet.
103  * Checks for parse errors.
104  * @param pkt: packet to read from (from current start position).
105  * @return: 0 on parse error.
106  *	At exit the position is right after the (compressed) dname.
107  *	Compression pointers are followed and checked for loops.
108  *	The uncompressed wireformat length is returned.
109  */
110 size_t pkt_dname_len(struct sldns_buffer* pkt);
111 
112 /**
113  * Compare dnames in packet (compressed). Dnames must be valid.
114  * routine performs lowercasing, so the packet casing is preserved.
115  * @param pkt: packet, used to resolve compression pointers.
116  * @param d1: dname to compare
117  * @param d2: dname to compare
118  * @return: -1, 0, or +1 depending on comparison results.
119  * 	Sort order is first difference found. not the canonical ordering.
120  */
121 int dname_pkt_compare(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
122 
123 /**
124  * Hash dname, label by label, lowercasing, into hashvalue.
125  * Dname in query format (not compressed).
126  * @param dname: dname to hash.
127  * @param h: initial hash value.
128  * @return: result hash value.
129  */
130 hashvalue_type dname_query_hash(uint8_t* dname, hashvalue_type h);
131 
132 /**
133  * Hash dname, label by label, lowercasing, into hashvalue.
134  * Dname in pkt format (compressed).
135  * @param pkt: packet, for resolving compression pointers.
136  * @param dname: dname to hash, pointer to the pkt buffer.
137  * 	Must be valid format. No loops, etc.
138  * @param h: initial hash value.
139  * @return: result hash value.
140  * 	Result is the same as dname_query_hash, even if compression is used.
141  */
142 hashvalue_type dname_pkt_hash(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname,
143 	hashvalue_type h);
144 
145 /**
146  * Copy over a valid dname and decompress it.
147  * @param pkt: packet to resolve compression pointers.
148  * @param to: buffer of size from pkt_len function to hold result.
149  * @param dname: pointer into packet where dname starts.
150  */
151 void dname_pkt_copy(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* to, uint8_t* dname);
152 
153 /**
154  * Copy over a valid dname to a packet.
155  * @param pkt: packet to copy to.
156  * @param dname: dname to copy.
157  * @return: 0 if not enough space in buffer.
158  */
159 int dname_buffer_write(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname);
160 
161 /**
162  * Count the number of labels in an uncompressed dname in memory.
163  * @param dname: pointer to uncompressed dname.
164  * @return: count of labels, including root label, "com." has 2 labels.
165  */
166 int dname_count_labels(uint8_t* dname);
167 
168 /**
169  * Count labels and dname length both, for uncompressed dname in memory.
170  * @param dname: pointer to uncompressed dname.
171  * @param size: length of dname, including root label.
172  * @return: count of labels, including root label, "com." has 2 labels.
173  */
174 int dname_count_size_labels(uint8_t* dname, size_t* size);
175 
176 /**
177  * Compare dnames, sorted not canonical, but by label.
178  * Such that zone contents follows zone apex.
179  * @param d1: first dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
180  * @param labs1: number of labels in first dname.
181  * @param d2: second dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
182  * @param labs2: number of labels in second dname.
183  * @param mlabs: number of labels that matched exactly (the shared topdomain).
184  * @return: 0 for equal, -1 smaller, or +1 d1 larger than d2.
185  */
186 int dname_lab_cmp(uint8_t* d1, int labs1, uint8_t* d2, int labs2, int* mlabs);
187 
188 /**
189  * Check if labels starts with given prefix
190  * @param label: dname label
191  * @param prefix: the string to match label with, null terminated.
192  * @param endptr: pointer to location in label after prefix, only if return
193  * 	value is 1. NULL if nothing in the label after the prefix, i.e. prefix
194  * 	and label are the same.
195  * @return: 1 if label starts with prefix, else 0
196  */
197 int dname_lab_startswith(uint8_t* label, char* prefix, char** endptr);
198 
199 /**
200  * See if domain name d1 is a strict subdomain of d2.
201  * That is a subdomain, but not equal.
202  * @param d1: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
203  * @param labs1: number of labels in d1, including root label.
204  * @param d2: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
205  * @param labs2: number of labels in d2, including root label.
206  * @return true if d1 is a subdomain of d2, but not equal to d2.
207  */
208 int dname_strict_subdomain(uint8_t* d1, int labs1, uint8_t* d2, int labs2);
209 
210 /**
211  * Like dname_strict_subdomain but counts labels
212  * @param d1: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
213  * @param d2: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
214  * @return true if d1 is a subdomain of d2, but not equal to d2.
215  */
216 int dname_strict_subdomain_c(uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
217 
218 /**
219  * Counts labels. Tests is d1 is a subdomain of d2.
220  * @param d1: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
221  * @param d2: domain name, uncompressed wireformat
222  * @return true if d1 is a subdomain of d2.
223  */
224 int dname_subdomain_c(uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
225 
226 /**
227  * Debug helper. Print wireformat dname to output.
228  * @param out: like stdout or a file.
229  * @param pkt: if not NULL, the packet for resolving compression ptrs.
230  * @param dname: pointer to (start of) dname.
231  */
232 void dname_print(FILE* out, struct sldns_buffer* pkt, uint8_t* dname);
233 
234 /**
235  * Debug helper. Print dname to given string buffer (string buffer must
236  * be at least 255 chars + 1 for the 0, in printable form.
237  * This may lose information (? for nonprintable characters, or & if
238  * the name is too long, # for a bad label length).
239  * @param dname: uncompressed wireformat.
240  * @param str: buffer of 255+1 length.
241  */
242 void dname_str(uint8_t* dname, char* str);
243 
244 /**
245  * Returns true if the uncompressed wireformat dname is the root "."
246  * @param dname: the dname to check
247  * @return true if ".", false if not.
248  */
249 int dname_is_root(uint8_t* dname);
250 
251 /**
252  * Snip off first label from a dname, returning the parent zone.
253  * @param dname: from what to strip off. uncompressed wireformat.
254  * @param len: length, adjusted to become less.
255  * @return stripped off, or "." if input was ".".
256  */
257 void dname_remove_label(uint8_t** dname, size_t* len);
258 
259 /**
260  * Snip off first N labels from a dname, returning the parent zone.
261  * @param dname: from what to strip off. uncompressed wireformat.
262  * @param len: length, adjusted to become less.
263  * @param n: number of labels to strip off (from the left).
264  * 	if 0, nothing happens.
265  * @return stripped off, or "." if input was ".".
266  */
267 void dname_remove_labels(uint8_t** dname, size_t* len, int n);
268 
269 /**
270  * Count labels for the RRSIG signature label field.
271  * Like a normal labelcount, but "*" wildcard and "." root are not counted.
272  * @param dname: valid uncompressed wireformat.
273  * @return number of labels like in RRSIG; '*' and '.' are not counted.
274  */
275 int dname_signame_label_count(uint8_t* dname);
276 
277 /**
278  * Return true if the label is a wildcard, *.example.com.
279  * @param dname: valid uncompressed wireformat.
280  * @return true if wildcard, or false.
281  */
282 int dname_is_wild(uint8_t* dname);
283 
284 /**
285  * Compare dnames, Canonical in rfc4034 sense, but by label.
286  * Such that zone contents follows zone apex.
287  *
288  * @param d1: first dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
289  * @param labs1: number of labels in first dname.
290  * @param d2: second dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
291  * @param labs2: number of labels in second dname.
292  * @param mlabs: number of labels that matched exactly (the shared topdomain).
293  * @return: 0 for equal, -1 smaller, or +1 d1 larger than d2.
294  */
295 int dname_canon_lab_cmp(uint8_t* d1, int labs1, uint8_t* d2, int labs2,
296 	int* mlabs);
297 
298 /**
299  * Canonical dname compare. Takes care of counting labels.
300  * Per rfc 4034 canonical order.
301  *
302  * @param d1: first dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
303  * @param d2: second dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
304  * @return: 0 for equal, -1 smaller, or +1 d1 larger than d2.
305  */
306 int dname_canonical_compare(uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
307 
308 /**
309  * Get the shared topdomain between two names. Root "." or longer.
310  * @param d1: first dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
311  * @param d2: second dname. pointer to uncompressed wireformat.
312  * @return pointer to shared topdomain. Ptr to a part of d1.
313  */
314 uint8_t* dname_get_shared_topdomain(uint8_t* d1, uint8_t* d2);
315 
316 #endif /* UTIL_DATA_DNAME_H */
317