xref: /freebsd/contrib/unbound/iterator/iter_utils.h (revision d4eeb02986980bf33dd56c41ceb9fc5f180c0d47)
1 /*
2  * iterator/iter_utils.h - iterative resolver module utility functions.
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * This software is open source.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  *
12  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
13  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  *
15  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
16  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
17  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
20  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
21  * specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
25  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
26  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
27  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
28  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
30  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
31  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
32  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
33  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /**
37  * \file
38  *
39  * This file contains functions to assist the iterator module.
40  * Configuration options. Forward zones.
41  */
42 
43 #ifndef ITERATOR_ITER_UTILS_H
44 #define ITERATOR_ITER_UTILS_H
45 #include "iterator/iter_resptype.h"
46 struct sldns_buffer;
47 struct iter_env;
48 struct iter_hints;
49 struct iter_forwards;
50 struct config_file;
51 struct module_env;
52 struct delegpt_addr;
53 struct delegpt;
54 struct regional;
55 struct msg_parse;
56 struct ub_randstate;
57 struct query_info;
58 struct reply_info;
59 struct module_qstate;
60 struct sock_list;
61 struct ub_packed_rrset_key;
62 struct module_stack;
63 struct outside_network;
64 
65 /**
66  * Process config options and set iterator module state.
67  * Sets default values if no config is found.
68  * @param iter_env: iterator module state.
69  * @param cfg: config options.
70  * @return 0 on error.
71  */
72 int iter_apply_cfg(struct iter_env* iter_env, struct config_file* cfg);
73 
74 /**
75  * Select a valid, nice target to send query to.
76  * Sorting and removing unsuitable targets is combined.
77  *
78  * @param iter_env: iterator module global state, with ip6 enabled and
79  *	do-not-query-addresses.
80  * @param env: environment with infra cache (lameness, rtt info).
81  * @param dp: delegation point with result list.
82  * @param name: zone name (for lameness check).
83  * @param namelen: length of name.
84  * @param qtype: query type that we want to send.
85  * @param dnssec_lame: set to 1, if a known dnssec-lame server is selected
86  *	these are not preferred, but are used as a last resort.
87  * @param chase_to_rd: set to 1 if a known recursion lame server is selected
88  * 	these are not preferred, but are used as a last resort.
89  * @param open_target: number of currently outstanding target queries.
90  * 	If we wait for these, perhaps more server addresses become available.
91  * @param blacklist: the IP blacklist to use.
92  * @param prefetch: if not 0, prefetch is in use for this query.
93  * 	This means the query can have different timing, because prefetch is
94  * 	not waited upon by the downstream client, and thus a good time to
95  * 	perform exploration of other targets.
96  * @return best target or NULL if no target.
97  *	if not null, that target is removed from the result list in the dp.
98  */
99 struct delegpt_addr* iter_server_selection(struct iter_env* iter_env,
100 	struct module_env* env, struct delegpt* dp, uint8_t* name,
101 	size_t namelen, uint16_t qtype, int* dnssec_lame,
102 	int* chase_to_rd, int open_target, struct sock_list* blacklist,
103 	time_t prefetch);
104 
105 /**
106  * Allocate dns_msg from parsed msg, in regional.
107  * @param pkt: packet.
108  * @param msg: parsed message (cleaned and ready for regional allocation).
109  * @param regional: regional to use for allocation.
110  * @return newly allocated dns_msg, or NULL on memory error.
111  */
112 struct dns_msg* dns_alloc_msg(struct sldns_buffer* pkt, struct msg_parse* msg,
113 	struct regional* regional);
114 
115 /**
116  * Copy a dns_msg to this regional.
117  * @param from: dns message, also in regional.
118  * @param regional: regional to use for allocation.
119  * @return newly allocated dns_msg, or NULL on memory error.
120  */
121 struct dns_msg* dns_copy_msg(struct dns_msg* from, struct regional* regional);
122 
123 /**
124  * Allocate a dns_msg with malloc/alloc structure and store in dns cache.
125  * @param env: environment, with alloc structure and dns cache.
126  * @param qinf: query info, the query for which answer is stored.
127  * @param rep: reply in dns_msg from dns_alloc_msg for example.
128  * @param is_referral: If true, then the given message to be stored is a
129  *	referral. The cache implementation may use this as a hint.
130  * @param leeway: prefetch TTL leeway to expire old rrsets quicker.
131  * @param pside: true if dp is parentside, thus message is 'fresh' and NS
132  * 	can be prefetch-updates.
133  * @param region: to copy modified (cache is better) rrs back to.
134  * @param flags: with BIT_CD for dns64 AAAA translated queries.
135  * @param qstarttime: time of query start.
136  * return void, because we are not interested in alloc errors,
137  * 	the iterator and validator can operate on the results in their
138  * 	scratch space (the qstate.region) and are not dependent on the cache.
139  * 	It is useful to log the alloc failure (for the server operator),
140  * 	but the query resolution can continue without cache storage.
141  */
142 void iter_dns_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinf,
143 	struct reply_info* rep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
144 	struct regional* region, uint16_t flags, time_t qstarttime);
145 
146 /**
147  * Select randomly with n/m probability.
148  * For shuffle NS records for address fetching.
149  * @param rnd: random table
150  * @param n: probability.
151  * @param m: divisor for probability.
152  * @return true with n/m probability.
153  */
154 int iter_ns_probability(struct ub_randstate* rnd, int n, int m);
155 
156 /**
157  * Mark targets that result in a dependency cycle as done, so they
158  * will not get selected as targets.
159  * @param qstate: query state.
160  * @param dp: delegpt to mark ns in.
161  */
162 void iter_mark_cycle_targets(struct module_qstate* qstate, struct delegpt* dp);
163 
164 /**
165  * Mark targets that result in a dependency cycle as done, so they
166  * will not get selected as targets.  For the parent-side lookups.
167  * @param qstate: query state.
168  * @param dp: delegpt to mark ns in.
169  */
170 void iter_mark_pside_cycle_targets(struct module_qstate* qstate,
171 	struct delegpt* dp);
172 
173 /**
174  * See if delegation is useful or offers immediately no targets for
175  * further recursion.
176  * @param qinfo: query name and type
177  * @param qflags: query flags with RD flag
178  * @param dp: delegpt to check.
179  * @param supports_ipv4: if we support ipv4 for lookups to the target.
180  * 	if not, then the IPv4 addresses are useless.
181  * @param supports_ipv6: if we support ipv6 for lookups to the target.
182  * 	if not, then the IPv6 addresses are useless.
183  * @return true if dp is useless.
184  */
185 int iter_dp_is_useless(struct query_info* qinfo, uint16_t qflags,
186 	struct delegpt* dp, int supports_ipv4, int supports_ipv6);
187 
188 /**
189  * See if qname has DNSSEC needs.  This is true if there is a trust anchor above
190  * it.  Whether there is an insecure delegation to the data is unknown.
191  * @param env: environment with anchors.
192  * @param qinfo: query name and class.
193  * @return true if trust anchor above qname, false if no anchor or insecure
194  * point above qname.
195  */
196 int iter_qname_indicates_dnssec(struct module_env* env,
197 	struct query_info *qinfo);
198 
199 /**
200  * See if delegation is expected to have DNSSEC information (RRSIGs) in
201  * its answers, or not. Inspects delegation point (name), trust anchors,
202  * and delegation message (DS RRset) to determine this.
203  * @param env: module env with trust anchors.
204  * @param dp: delegation point.
205  * @param msg: delegation message, with DS if a secure referral.
206  * @param dclass: class of query.
207  * @return 1 if dnssec is expected, 0 if not or insecure point above qname.
208  */
209 int iter_indicates_dnssec(struct module_env* env, struct delegpt* dp,
210 	struct dns_msg* msg, uint16_t dclass);
211 
212 /**
213  * See if a message contains DNSSEC.
214  * This is examined by looking for RRSIGs. With DNSSEC a valid answer,
215  * nxdomain, nodata, referral or cname reply has RRSIGs in answer or auth
216  * sections, sigs on answer data, SOA, DS, or NSEC/NSEC3 records.
217  * @param msg: message to examine.
218  * @return true if DNSSEC information was found.
219  */
220 int iter_msg_has_dnssec(struct dns_msg* msg);
221 
222 /**
223  * See if a message is known to be from a certain zone.
224  * This looks for SOA or NS rrsets, for answers.
225  * For referrals, when one label is delegated, the zone is detected.
226  * Does not look at signatures.
227  * @param msg: the message to inspect.
228  * @param dp: delegation point with zone name to look for.
229  * @param type: type of message.
230  * @param dclass: class of query.
231  * @return true if message is certain to be from zone in dp->name.
232  *	false if not sure (empty msg), or not from the zone.
233  */
234 int iter_msg_from_zone(struct dns_msg* msg, struct delegpt* dp,
235 	enum response_type type, uint16_t dclass);
236 
237 /**
238  * Check if two replies are equal
239  * For fallback procedures
240  * @param p: reply one. The reply has rrset data pointers in region.
241  * 	Does not check rrset-IDs
242  * @param q: reply two
243  * @param region: scratch buffer.
244  * @return if one and two are equal.
245  */
246 int reply_equal(struct reply_info* p, struct reply_info* q, struct regional* region);
247 
248 /**
249  * Remove unused bits from the reply if possible.
250  * So that caps-for-id (0x20) fallback is more likely to be successful.
251  * This removes like, the additional section, and NS record in the authority
252  * section if those records are gratuitous (not for a referral).
253  * @param rep: the reply to strip stuff out of.
254  */
255 void caps_strip_reply(struct reply_info* rep);
256 
257 /**
258  * see if reply has a 'useful' rcode for capsforid comparison, so
259  * not SERVFAIL or REFUSED, and thus NOERROR or NXDOMAIN.
260  * @param rep: reply to check.
261  * @return true if the rcode is a bad type of message.
262  */
263 int caps_failed_rcode(struct reply_info* rep);
264 
265 /**
266  * Store parent-side rrset in separate rrset cache entries for later
267  * last-resort * lookups in case the child-side versions of this information
268  * fails.
269  * @param env: environment with cache, time, ...
270  * @param rrset: the rrset to store (copied).
271  * Failure to store is logged, but otherwise ignored.
272  */
273 void iter_store_parentside_rrset(struct module_env* env,
274 	struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset);
275 
276 /**
277  * Store parent-side NS records from a referral message
278  * @param env: environment with cache, time, ...
279  * @param rep: response with NS rrset.
280  * Failure to store is logged, but otherwise ignored.
281  */
282 void iter_store_parentside_NS(struct module_env* env, struct reply_info* rep);
283 
284 /**
285  * Store parent-side negative element, the parentside rrset does not exist,
286  * creates an rrset with empty rdata in the rrset cache with PARENTSIDE flag.
287  * @param env: environment with cache, time, ...
288  * @param qinfo: the identity of the rrset that is missing.
289  * @param rep: delegation response or answer response, to glean TTL from.
290  * (malloc) failure is logged but otherwise ignored.
291  */
292 void iter_store_parentside_neg(struct module_env* env,
293 	struct query_info* qinfo, struct reply_info* rep);
294 
295 /**
296  * Add parent NS record if that exists in the cache.  This is both new
297  * information and acts like a timeout throttle on retries.
298  * @param env: query env with rrset cache and time.
299  * @param dp: delegation point to store result in.  Also this dp is used to
300  *	see which NS name is needed.
301  * @param region: region to alloc result in.
302  * @param qinfo: pertinent information, the qclass.
303  * @return false on malloc failure.
304  *	if true, the routine worked and if such cached information
305  *	existed dp->has_parent_side_NS is set true.
306  */
307 int iter_lookup_parent_NS_from_cache(struct module_env* env,
308 	struct delegpt* dp, struct regional* region, struct query_info* qinfo);
309 
310 /**
311  * Add parent-side glue if that exists in the cache.  This is both new
312  * information and acts like a timeout throttle on retries to fetch them.
313  * @param env: query env with rrset cache and time.
314  * @param dp: delegation point to store result in.  Also this dp is used to
315  *	see which NS name is needed.
316  * @param region: region to alloc result in.
317  * @param qinfo: pertinent information, the qclass.
318  * @return: true, it worked, no malloc failures, and new addresses (lame)
319  *	have been added, giving extra options as query targets.
320  */
321 int iter_lookup_parent_glue_from_cache(struct module_env* env,
322 	struct delegpt* dp, struct regional* region, struct query_info* qinfo);
323 
324 /**
325  * Lookup next root-hint or root-forward entry.
326  * @param hints: the hints.
327  * @param fwd: the forwards.
328  * @param c: the class to start searching at. 0 means find first one.
329  * @return false if no classes found, true if found and returned in c.
330  */
331 int iter_get_next_root(struct iter_hints* hints, struct iter_forwards* fwd,
332 	uint16_t* c);
333 
334 /**
335  * Remove DS records that are inappropriate before they are cached.
336  * @param msg: the response to scrub.
337  * @param ns: RRSET that is the NS record for the referral.
338  * 	if NULL, then all DS records are removed from the authority section.
339  * @param z: zone name that the response is from.
340  */
341 void iter_scrub_ds(struct dns_msg* msg, struct ub_packed_rrset_key* ns,
342 	uint8_t* z);
343 
344 /**
345  * Prepare an NXDOMAIN message to be used for a subdomain answer by removing all
346  * RRs from the ANSWER section.
347  * @param msg: the response to scrub.
348  */
349 void iter_scrub_nxdomain(struct dns_msg* msg);
350 
351 /**
352  * Remove query attempts from all available ips. For 0x20.
353  * @param dp: delegpt.
354  * @param d: decrease.
355  * @param outbound_msg_retry: number of retries of outgoing queries
356  */
357 void iter_dec_attempts(struct delegpt* dp, int d, int outbound_msg_retry);
358 
359 /**
360  * Add retry counts from older delegpt to newer delegpt.
361  * Does not waste time on timeout'd (or other failing) addresses.
362  * @param dp: new delegationpoint.
363  * @param old: old delegationpoint.
364  * @param outbound_msg_retry: number of retries of outgoing queries
365  */
366 void iter_merge_retry_counts(struct delegpt* dp, struct delegpt* old,
367 	int outbound_msg_retry);
368 
369 /**
370  * See if a DS response (type ANSWER) is too low: a nodata answer with
371  * a SOA record in the authority section at-or-below the qchase.qname.
372  * Also returns true if we are not sure (i.e. empty message, CNAME nosig).
373  * @param msg: the response.
374  * @param dp: the dp name is used to check if the RRSIG gives a clue that
375  * 	it was originated from the correct nameserver.
376  * @return true if too low.
377  */
378 int iter_ds_toolow(struct dns_msg* msg, struct delegpt* dp);
379 
380 /**
381  * See if delegpt can go down a step to the qname or not
382  * @param qinfo: the query name looked up.
383  * @param dp: checked if the name can go lower to the qname
384  * @return true if can go down, false if that would not be possible.
385  * the current response seems to be the one and only, best possible, response.
386  */
387 int iter_dp_cangodown(struct query_info* qinfo, struct delegpt* dp);
388 
389 /**
390  * Lookup if no_cache is set in stub or fwd.
391  * @param qstate: query state with env with hints and fwds.
392  * @param qinf: query name to lookup for.
393  * @param retdpname: returns NULL or the deepest enclosing name of fwd or stub.
394  * 	This is the name under which the closest lookup is going to happen.
395  * 	Used for NXDOMAIN checks, above that it is an nxdomain from a
396  * 	different server and zone. You can pass NULL to not get it.
397  * @param retdpnamelen: returns the length of the dpname.
398  * @return true if no_cache is set in stub or fwd.
399  */
400 int iter_stub_fwd_no_cache(struct module_qstate *qstate,
401 	struct query_info *qinf, uint8_t** retdpname, size_t* retdpnamelen);
402 
403 /**
404  * Set support for IP4 and IP6 depending on outgoing interfaces
405  * in the outside network.  If none, no support, so no use to lookup
406  * the AAAA and then attempt to use it if there is no outgoing-interface
407  * for it.
408  * @param mods: modstack to find iterator module in.
409  * @param env: module env, find iterator module (if one) in there.
410  * @param outnet: outside network structure.
411  */
412 void iterator_set_ip46_support(struct module_stack* mods,
413 	struct module_env* env, struct outside_network* outnet);
414 
415 #endif /* ITERATOR_ITER_UTILS_H */
416