1# 2# Example configuration file. 3# 4# See unbound.conf(5) man page, version 1.13.0. 5# 6# this is a comment. 7 8# Use this anywhere in the file to include other text into this file. 9#include: "otherfile.conf" 10 11# Use this anywhere in the file to include other text, that explicitly starts a 12# clause, into this file. Text after this directive needs to start a clause. 13#include-toplevel: "otherfile.conf" 14 15# The server clause sets the main parameters. 16server: 17 # whitespace is not necessary, but looks cleaner. 18 19 # verbosity number, 0 is least verbose. 1 is default. 20 verbosity: 1 21 22 # print statistics to the log (for every thread) every N seconds. 23 # Set to "" or 0 to disable. Default is disabled. 24 # statistics-interval: 0 25 26 # enable shm for stats, default no. if you enable also enable 27 # statistics-interval, every time it also writes stats to the 28 # shared memory segment keyed with shm-key. 29 # shm-enable: no 30 31 # shm for stats uses this key, and key+1 for the shared mem segment. 32 # shm-key: 11777 33 34 # enable cumulative statistics, without clearing them after printing. 35 # statistics-cumulative: no 36 37 # enable extended statistics (query types, answer codes, status) 38 # printed from unbound-control. default off, because of speed. 39 # extended-statistics: no 40 41 # number of threads to create. 1 disables threading. 42 # num-threads: 1 43 44 # specify the interfaces to answer queries from by ip-address. 45 # The default is to listen to localhost (127.0.0.1 and ::1). 46 # specify 0.0.0.0 and ::0 to bind to all available interfaces. 47 # specify every interface[@port] on a new 'interface:' labelled line. 48 # The listen interfaces are not changed on reload, only on restart. 49 # interface: 192.0.2.153 50 # interface: 192.0.2.154 51 # interface: 192.0.2.154@5003 52 # interface: 2001:DB8::5 53 54 # enable this feature to copy the source address of queries to reply. 55 # Socket options are not supported on all platforms. experimental. 56 # interface-automatic: no 57 58 # port to answer queries from 59 # port: 53 60 61 # specify the interfaces to send outgoing queries to authoritative 62 # server from by ip-address. If none, the default (all) interface 63 # is used. Specify every interface on a 'outgoing-interface:' line. 64 # outgoing-interface: 192.0.2.153 65 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::5 66 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::6 67 68 # Specify a netblock to use remainder 64 bits as random bits for 69 # upstream queries. Uses freebind option (Linux). 70 # outgoing-interface: 2001:DB8::/64 71 # Also (Linux:) ip -6 addr add 2001:db8::/64 dev lo 72 # And: ip -6 route add local 2001:db8::/64 dev lo 73 # And set prefer-ip6: yes to use the ip6 randomness from a netblock. 74 # Set this to yes to prefer ipv6 upstream servers over ipv4. 75 # prefer-ip6: no 76 77 # Prefer ipv4 upstream servers, even if ipv6 is available. 78 # prefer-ip4: no 79 80 # number of ports to allocate per thread, determines the size of the 81 # port range that can be open simultaneously. About double the 82 # num-queries-per-thread, or, use as many as the OS will allow you. 83 # outgoing-range: 4096 84 85 # permit unbound to use this port number or port range for 86 # making outgoing queries, using an outgoing interface. 87 # outgoing-port-permit: 32768 88 89 # deny unbound the use this of port number or port range for 90 # making outgoing queries, using an outgoing interface. 91 # Use this to make sure unbound does not grab a UDP port that some 92 # other server on this computer needs. The default is to avoid 93 # IANA-assigned port numbers. 94 # If multiple outgoing-port-permit and outgoing-port-avoid options 95 # are present, they are processed in order. 96 # outgoing-port-avoid: "3200-3208" 97 98 # number of outgoing simultaneous tcp buffers to hold per thread. 99 # outgoing-num-tcp: 10 100 101 # number of incoming simultaneous tcp buffers to hold per thread. 102 # incoming-num-tcp: 10 103 104 # buffer size for UDP port 53 incoming (SO_RCVBUF socket option). 105 # 0 is system default. Use 4m to catch query spikes for busy servers. 106 # so-rcvbuf: 0 107 108 # buffer size for UDP port 53 outgoing (SO_SNDBUF socket option). 109 # 0 is system default. Use 4m to handle spikes on very busy servers. 110 # so-sndbuf: 0 111 112 # use SO_REUSEPORT to distribute queries over threads. 113 # at extreme load it could be better to turn it off to distribute even. 114 # so-reuseport: yes 115 116 # use IP_TRANSPARENT so the interface: addresses can be non-local 117 # and you can config non-existing IPs that are going to work later on 118 # (uses IP_BINDANY on FreeBSD). 119 # ip-transparent: no 120 121 # use IP_FREEBIND so the interface: addresses can be non-local 122 # and you can bind to nonexisting IPs and interfaces that are down. 123 # Linux only. On Linux you also have ip-transparent that is similar. 124 # ip-freebind: no 125 126 # the value of the Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) 127 # in the differentiated services field (DS) of the outgoing 128 # IP packets 129 # ip-dscp: 0 130 131 # EDNS reassembly buffer to advertise to UDP peers (the actual buffer 132 # is set with msg-buffer-size). 133 # edns-buffer-size: 1232 134 135 # Maximum UDP response size (not applied to TCP response). 136 # Suggested values are 512 to 4096. Default is 4096. 65536 disables it. 137 # max-udp-size: 4096 138 139 # max memory to use for stream(tcp and tls) waiting result buffers. 140 # stream-wait-size: 4m 141 142 # buffer size for handling DNS data. No messages larger than this 143 # size can be sent or received, by UDP or TCP. In bytes. 144 # msg-buffer-size: 65552 145 146 # the amount of memory to use for the message cache. 147 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb". 148 # msg-cache-size: 4m 149 150 # the number of slabs to use for the message cache. 151 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2. 152 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage. 153 # msg-cache-slabs: 4 154 155 # the number of queries that a thread gets to service. 156 # num-queries-per-thread: 1024 157 158 # if very busy, 50% queries run to completion, 50% get timeout in msec 159 # jostle-timeout: 200 160 161 # msec to wait before close of port on timeout UDP. 0 disables. 162 # delay-close: 0 163 164 # perform connect for UDP sockets to mitigate ICMP side channel. 165 # udp-connect: yes 166 167 # msec for waiting for an unknown server to reply. Increase if you 168 # are behind a slow satellite link, to eg. 1128. 169 # unknown-server-time-limit: 376 170 171 # the amount of memory to use for the RRset cache. 172 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb". 173 # rrset-cache-size: 4m 174 175 # the number of slabs to use for the RRset cache. 176 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2. 177 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage. 178 # rrset-cache-slabs: 4 179 180 # the time to live (TTL) value lower bound, in seconds. Default 0. 181 # If more than an hour could easily give trouble due to stale data. 182 # cache-min-ttl: 0 183 184 # the time to live (TTL) value cap for RRsets and messages in the 185 # cache. Items are not cached for longer. In seconds. 186 # cache-max-ttl: 86400 187 188 # the time to live (TTL) value cap for negative responses in the cache 189 # cache-max-negative-ttl: 3600 190 191 # the time to live (TTL) value for cached roundtrip times, lameness and 192 # EDNS version information for hosts. In seconds. 193 # infra-host-ttl: 900 194 195 # minimum wait time for responses, increase if uplink is long. In msec. 196 # infra-cache-min-rtt: 50 197 198 # enable to make server probe down hosts more frequently. 199 # infra-keep-probing: no 200 201 # the number of slabs to use for the Infrastructure cache. 202 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2. 203 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage. 204 # infra-cache-slabs: 4 205 206 # the maximum number of hosts that are cached (roundtrip, EDNS, lame). 207 # infra-cache-numhosts: 10000 208 209 # define a number of tags here, use with local-zone, access-control. 210 # repeat the define-tag statement to add additional tags. 211 # define-tag: "tag1 tag2 tag3" 212 213 # Enable IPv4, "yes" or "no". 214 # do-ip4: yes 215 216 # Enable IPv6, "yes" or "no". 217 # do-ip6: yes 218 219 # Enable UDP, "yes" or "no". 220 # do-udp: yes 221 222 # Enable TCP, "yes" or "no". 223 # do-tcp: yes 224 225 # upstream connections use TCP only (and no UDP), "yes" or "no" 226 # useful for tunneling scenarios, default no. 227 # tcp-upstream: no 228 229 # upstream connections also use UDP (even if do-udp is no). 230 # useful if if you want UDP upstream, but don't provide UDP downstream. 231 # udp-upstream-without-downstream: no 232 233 # Maximum segment size (MSS) of TCP socket on which the server 234 # responds to queries. Default is 0, system default MSS. 235 # tcp-mss: 0 236 237 # Maximum segment size (MSS) of TCP socket for outgoing queries. 238 # Default is 0, system default MSS. 239 # outgoing-tcp-mss: 0 240 241 # Idle TCP timeout, connection closed in milliseconds 242 # tcp-idle-timeout: 30000 243 244 # Enable EDNS TCP keepalive option. 245 # edns-tcp-keepalive: no 246 247 # Timeout for EDNS TCP keepalive, in msec. 248 # edns-tcp-keepalive-timeout: 120000 249 250 # Use systemd socket activation for UDP, TCP, and control sockets. 251 # use-systemd: no 252 253 # Detach from the terminal, run in background, "yes" or "no". 254 # Set the value to "no" when unbound runs as systemd service. 255 # do-daemonize: yes 256 257 # control which clients are allowed to make (recursive) queries 258 # to this server. Specify classless netblocks with /size and action. 259 # By default everything is refused, except for localhost. 260 # Choose deny (drop message), refuse (polite error reply), 261 # allow (recursive ok), allow_setrd (recursive ok, rd bit is forced on), 262 # allow_snoop (recursive and nonrecursive ok) 263 # deny_non_local (drop queries unless can be answered from local-data) 264 # refuse_non_local (like deny_non_local but polite error reply). 265 # access-control: 0.0.0.0/0 refuse 266 # access-control: 127.0.0.0/8 allow 267 # access-control: ::0/0 refuse 268 # access-control: ::1 allow 269 # access-control: ::ffff:127.0.0.1 allow 270 271 # tag access-control with list of tags (in "" with spaces between) 272 # Clients using this access control element use localzones that 273 # are tagged with one of these tags. 274 # access-control-tag: 192.0.2.0/24 "tag2 tag3" 275 276 # set action for particular tag for given access control element 277 # if you have multiple tag values, the tag used to lookup the action 278 # is the first tag match between access-control-tag and local-zone-tag 279 # where "first" comes from the order of the define-tag values. 280 # access-control-tag-action: 192.0.2.0/24 tag3 refuse 281 282 # set redirect data for particular tag for access control element 283 # access-control-tag-data: 192.0.2.0/24 tag2 "A 127.0.0.1" 284 285 # Set view for access control element 286 # access-control-view: 192.0.2.0/24 viewname 287 288 # if given, a chroot(2) is done to the given directory. 289 # i.e. you can chroot to the working directory, for example, 290 # for extra security, but make sure all files are in that directory. 291 # 292 # If chroot is enabled, you should pass the configfile (from the 293 # commandline) as a full path from the original root. After the 294 # chroot has been performed the now defunct portion of the config 295 # file path is removed to be able to reread the config after a reload. 296 # 297 # All other file paths (working dir, logfile, roothints, and 298 # key files) can be specified in several ways: 299 # o as an absolute path relative to the new root. 300 # o as a relative path to the working directory. 301 # o as an absolute path relative to the original root. 302 # In the last case the path is adjusted to remove the unused portion. 303 # 304 # The pid file can be absolute and outside of the chroot, it is 305 # written just prior to performing the chroot and dropping permissions. 306 # 307 # Additionally, unbound may need to access /dev/urandom (for entropy). 308 # How to do this is specific to your OS. 309 # 310 # If you give "" no chroot is performed. The path must not end in a /. 311 # chroot: "@UNBOUND_CHROOT_DIR@" 312 313 # if given, user privileges are dropped (after binding port), 314 # and the given username is assumed. Default is user "unbound". 315 # If you give "" no privileges are dropped. 316 # username: "@UNBOUND_USERNAME@" 317 318 # the working directory. The relative files in this config are 319 # relative to this directory. If you give "" the working directory 320 # is not changed. 321 # If you give a server: directory: dir before include: file statements 322 # then those includes can be relative to the working directory. 323 # directory: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@" 324 325 # the log file, "" means log to stderr. 326 # Use of this option sets use-syslog to "no". 327 # logfile: "" 328 329 # Log to syslog(3) if yes. The log facility LOG_DAEMON is used to 330 # log to. If yes, it overrides the logfile. 331 # use-syslog: yes 332 333 # Log identity to report. if empty, defaults to the name of argv[0] 334 # (usually "unbound"). 335 # log-identity: "" 336 337 # print UTC timestamp in ascii to logfile, default is epoch in seconds. 338 # log-time-ascii: no 339 340 # print one line with time, IP, name, type, class for every query. 341 # log-queries: no 342 343 # print one line per reply, with time, IP, name, type, class, rcode, 344 # timetoresolve, fromcache and responsesize. 345 # log-replies: no 346 347 # log with tag 'query' and 'reply' instead of 'info' for 348 # filtering log-queries and log-replies from the log. 349 # log-tag-queryreply: no 350 351 # log the local-zone actions, like local-zone type inform is enabled 352 # also for the other local zone types. 353 # log-local-actions: no 354 355 # print log lines that say why queries return SERVFAIL to clients. 356 # log-servfail: no 357 358 # the pid file. Can be an absolute path outside of chroot/work dir. 359 # pidfile: "@UNBOUND_PIDFILE@" 360 361 # file to read root hints from. 362 # get one from https://www.internic.net/domain/named.cache 363 # root-hints: "" 364 365 # enable to not answer id.server and hostname.bind queries. 366 # hide-identity: no 367 368 # enable to not answer version.server and version.bind queries. 369 # hide-version: no 370 371 # enable to not answer trustanchor.unbound queries. 372 # hide-trustanchor: no 373 374 # the identity to report. Leave "" or default to return hostname. 375 # identity: "" 376 377 # the version to report. Leave "" or default to return package version. 378 # version: "" 379 380 # the target fetch policy. 381 # series of integers describing the policy per dependency depth. 382 # The number of values in the list determines the maximum dependency 383 # depth the recursor will pursue before giving up. Each integer means: 384 # -1 : fetch all targets opportunistically, 385 # 0: fetch on demand, 386 # positive value: fetch that many targets opportunistically. 387 # Enclose the list of numbers between quotes (""). 388 # target-fetch-policy: "3 2 1 0 0" 389 390 # Harden against very small EDNS buffer sizes. 391 # harden-short-bufsize: no 392 393 # Harden against unseemly large queries. 394 # harden-large-queries: no 395 396 # Harden against out of zone rrsets, to avoid spoofing attempts. 397 # harden-glue: yes 398 399 # Harden against receiving dnssec-stripped data. If you turn it 400 # off, failing to validate dnskey data for a trustanchor will 401 # trigger insecure mode for that zone (like without a trustanchor). 402 # Default on, which insists on dnssec data for trust-anchored zones. 403 # harden-dnssec-stripped: yes 404 405 # Harden against queries that fall under dnssec-signed nxdomain names. 406 # harden-below-nxdomain: yes 407 408 # Harden the referral path by performing additional queries for 409 # infrastructure data. Validates the replies (if possible). 410 # Default off, because the lookups burden the server. Experimental 411 # implementation of draft-wijngaards-dnsext-resolver-side-mitigation. 412 # harden-referral-path: no 413 414 # Harden against algorithm downgrade when multiple algorithms are 415 # advertised in the DS record. If no, allows the weakest algorithm 416 # to validate the zone. 417 # harden-algo-downgrade: no 418 419 # Sent minimum amount of information to upstream servers to enhance 420 # privacy. Only sent minimum required labels of the QNAME and set QTYPE 421 # to A when possible. 422 # qname-minimisation: yes 423 424 # QNAME minimisation in strict mode. Do not fall-back to sending full 425 # QNAME to potentially broken nameservers. A lot of domains will not be 426 # resolvable when this option in enabled. 427 # This option only has effect when qname-minimisation is enabled. 428 # qname-minimisation-strict: no 429 430 # Aggressive NSEC uses the DNSSEC NSEC chain to synthesize NXDOMAIN 431 # and other denials, using information from previous NXDOMAINs answers. 432 # aggressive-nsec: no 433 434 # Use 0x20-encoded random bits in the query to foil spoof attempts. 435 # This feature is an experimental implementation of draft dns-0x20. 436 # use-caps-for-id: no 437 438 # Domains (and domains in them) without support for dns-0x20 and 439 # the fallback fails because they keep sending different answers. 440 # caps-exempt: "licdn.com" 441 # caps-exempt: "senderbase.org" 442 443 # Enforce privacy of these addresses. Strips them away from answers. 444 # It may cause DNSSEC validation to additionally mark it as bogus. 445 # Protects against 'DNS Rebinding' (uses browser as network proxy). 446 # Only 'private-domain' and 'local-data' names are allowed to have 447 # these private addresses. No default. 448 # private-address: 10.0.0.0/8 449 # private-address: 172.16.0.0/12 450 # private-address: 192.168.0.0/16 451 # private-address: 169.254.0.0/16 452 # private-address: fd00::/8 453 # private-address: fe80::/10 454 # private-address: ::ffff:0:0/96 455 456 # Allow the domain (and its subdomains) to contain private addresses. 457 # local-data statements are allowed to contain private addresses too. 458 # private-domain: "example.com" 459 460 # If nonzero, unwanted replies are not only reported in statistics, 461 # but also a running total is kept per thread. If it reaches the 462 # threshold, a warning is printed and a defensive action is taken, 463 # the cache is cleared to flush potential poison out of it. 464 # A suggested value is 10000000, the default is 0 (turned off). 465 # unwanted-reply-threshold: 0 466 467 # Do not query the following addresses. No DNS queries are sent there. 468 # List one address per entry. List classless netblocks with /size, 469 # do-not-query-address: 127.0.0.1/8 470 # do-not-query-address: ::1 471 472 # if yes, the above default do-not-query-address entries are present. 473 # if no, localhost can be queried (for testing and debugging). 474 # do-not-query-localhost: yes 475 476 # if yes, perform prefetching of almost expired message cache entries. 477 # prefetch: no 478 479 # if yes, perform key lookups adjacent to normal lookups. 480 # prefetch-key: no 481 482 # deny queries of type ANY with an empty response. 483 # deny-any: no 484 485 # if yes, Unbound rotates RRSet order in response. 486 # rrset-roundrobin: yes 487 488 # if yes, Unbound doesn't insert authority/additional sections 489 # into response messages when those sections are not required. 490 # minimal-responses: yes 491 492 # true to disable DNSSEC lameness check in iterator. 493 # disable-dnssec-lame-check: no 494 495 # module configuration of the server. A string with identifiers 496 # separated by spaces. Syntax: "[dns64] [validator] iterator" 497 # most modules have to be listed at the beginning of the line, 498 # except cachedb(just before iterator), and python (at the beginning, 499 # or, just before the iterator). 500 # module-config: "validator iterator" 501 502 # File with trusted keys, kept uptodate using RFC5011 probes, 503 # initial file like trust-anchor-file, then it stores metadata. 504 # Use several entries, one per domain name, to track multiple zones. 505 # 506 # If you want to perform DNSSEC validation, run unbound-anchor before 507 # you start unbound (i.e. in the system boot scripts). And enable: 508 # Please note usage of unbound-anchor root anchor is at your own risk 509 # and under the terms of our LICENSE (see that file in the source). 510 # auto-trust-anchor-file: "@UNBOUND_ROOTKEY_FILE@" 511 512 # trust anchor signaling sends a RFC8145 key tag query after priming. 513 # trust-anchor-signaling: yes 514 515 # Root key trust anchor sentinel (draft-ietf-dnsop-kskroll-sentinel) 516 # root-key-sentinel: yes 517 518 # File with trusted keys for validation. Specify more than one file 519 # with several entries, one file per entry. 520 # Zone file format, with DS and DNSKEY entries. 521 # Note this gets out of date, use auto-trust-anchor-file please. 522 # trust-anchor-file: "" 523 524 # Trusted key for validation. DS or DNSKEY. specify the RR on a 525 # single line, surrounded by "". TTL is ignored. class is IN default. 526 # Note this gets out of date, use auto-trust-anchor-file please. 527 # (These examples are from August 2007 and may not be valid anymore). 528 # trust-anchor: "nlnetlabs.nl. DNSKEY 257 3 5 AQPzzTWMz8qSWIQlfRnPckx2BiVmkVN6LPupO3mbz7FhLSnm26n6iG9N Lby97Ji453aWZY3M5/xJBSOS2vWtco2t8C0+xeO1bc/d6ZTy32DHchpW 6rDH1vp86Ll+ha0tmwyy9QP7y2bVw5zSbFCrefk8qCUBgfHm9bHzMG1U BYtEIQ==" 529 # trust-anchor: "jelte.nlnetlabs.nl. DS 42860 5 1 14D739EB566D2B1A5E216A0BA4D17FA9B038BE4A" 530 531 # File with trusted keys for validation. Specify more than one file 532 # with several entries, one file per entry. Like trust-anchor-file 533 # but has a different file format. Format is BIND-9 style format, 534 # the trusted-keys { name flag proto algo "key"; }; clauses are read. 535 # you need external update procedures to track changes in keys. 536 # trusted-keys-file: "" 537 538 # Ignore chain of trust. Domain is treated as insecure. 539 # domain-insecure: "example.com" 540 541 # Override the date for validation with a specific fixed date. 542 # Do not set this unless you are debugging signature inception 543 # and expiration. "" or "0" turns the feature off. -1 ignores date. 544 # val-override-date: "" 545 546 # The time to live for bogus data, rrsets and messages. This avoids 547 # some of the revalidation, until the time interval expires. in secs. 548 # val-bogus-ttl: 60 549 550 # The signature inception and expiration dates are allowed to be off 551 # by 10% of the signature lifetime (expir-incep) from our local clock. 552 # This leeway is capped with a minimum and a maximum. In seconds. 553 # val-sig-skew-min: 3600 554 # val-sig-skew-max: 86400 555 556 # Should additional section of secure message also be kept clean of 557 # unsecure data. Useful to shield the users of this validator from 558 # potential bogus data in the additional section. All unsigned data 559 # in the additional section is removed from secure messages. 560 # val-clean-additional: yes 561 562 # Turn permissive mode on to permit bogus messages. Thus, messages 563 # for which security checks failed will be returned to clients, 564 # instead of SERVFAIL. It still performs the security checks, which 565 # result in interesting log files and possibly the AD bit in 566 # replies if the message is found secure. The default is off. 567 # val-permissive-mode: no 568 569 # Ignore the CD flag in incoming queries and refuse them bogus data. 570 # Enable it if the only clients of unbound are legacy servers (w2008) 571 # that set CD but cannot validate themselves. 572 # ignore-cd-flag: no 573 574 # Serve expired responses from cache, with serve-expired-reply-ttl in 575 # the response, and then attempt to fetch the data afresh. 576 # serve-expired: no 577 # 578 # Limit serving of expired responses to configured seconds after 579 # expiration. 0 disables the limit. 580 # serve-expired-ttl: 0 581 # 582 # Set the TTL of expired records to the serve-expired-ttl value after a 583 # failed attempt to retrieve the record from upstream. This makes sure 584 # that the expired records will be served as long as there are queries 585 # for it. 586 # serve-expired-ttl-reset: no 587 # 588 # TTL value to use when replying with expired data. 589 # serve-expired-reply-ttl: 30 590 # 591 # Time in milliseconds before replying to the client with expired data. 592 # This essentially enables the serve-stale behavior as specified in 593 # RFC 8767 that first tries to resolve before 594 # immediately responding with expired data. 0 disables this behavior. 595 # A recommended value is 1800. 596 # serve-expired-client-timeout: 0 597 598 # Have the validator log failed validations for your diagnosis. 599 # 0: off. 1: A line per failed user query. 2: With reason and bad IP. 600 # val-log-level: 0 601 602 # It is possible to configure NSEC3 maximum iteration counts per 603 # keysize. Keep this table very short, as linear search is done. 604 # A message with an NSEC3 with larger count is marked insecure. 605 # List in ascending order the keysize and count values. 606 # val-nsec3-keysize-iterations: "1024 150 2048 500 4096 2500" 607 608 # instruct the auto-trust-anchor-file probing to add anchors after ttl. 609 # add-holddown: 2592000 # 30 days 610 611 # instruct the auto-trust-anchor-file probing to del anchors after ttl. 612 # del-holddown: 2592000 # 30 days 613 614 # auto-trust-anchor-file probing removes missing anchors after ttl. 615 # If the value 0 is given, missing anchors are not removed. 616 # keep-missing: 31622400 # 366 days 617 618 # debug option that allows very small holddown times for key rollover, 619 # otherwise the RFC mandates probe intervals must be at least 1 hour. 620 # permit-small-holddown: no 621 622 # the amount of memory to use for the key cache. 623 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "4Mb". 624 # key-cache-size: 4m 625 626 # the number of slabs to use for the key cache. 627 # the number of slabs must be a power of 2. 628 # more slabs reduce lock contention, but fragment memory usage. 629 # key-cache-slabs: 4 630 631 # the amount of memory to use for the negative cache. 632 # plain value in bytes or you can append k, m or G. default is "1Mb". 633 # neg-cache-size: 1m 634 635 # By default, for a number of zones a small default 'nothing here' 636 # reply is built-in. Query traffic is thus blocked. If you 637 # wish to serve such zone you can unblock them by uncommenting one 638 # of the nodefault statements below. 639 # You may also have to use domain-insecure: zone to make DNSSEC work, 640 # unless you have your own trust anchors for this zone. 641 # local-zone: "localhost." nodefault 642 # local-zone: "127.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 643 # local-zone: "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa." nodefault 644 # local-zone: "onion." nodefault 645 # local-zone: "test." nodefault 646 # local-zone: "invalid." nodefault 647 # local-zone: "10.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 648 # local-zone: "16.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 649 # local-zone: "17.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 650 # local-zone: "18.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 651 # local-zone: "19.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 652 # local-zone: "20.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 653 # local-zone: "21.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 654 # local-zone: "22.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 655 # local-zone: "23.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 656 # local-zone: "24.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 657 # local-zone: "25.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 658 # local-zone: "26.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 659 # local-zone: "27.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 660 # local-zone: "28.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 661 # local-zone: "29.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 662 # local-zone: "30.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 663 # local-zone: "31.172.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 664 # local-zone: "168.192.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 665 # local-zone: "0.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 666 # local-zone: "254.169.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 667 # local-zone: "2.0.192.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 668 # local-zone: "100.51.198.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 669 # local-zone: "113.0.203.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 670 # local-zone: "255.255.255.255.in-addr.arpa." nodefault 671 # local-zone: "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa." nodefault 672 # local-zone: "d.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault 673 # local-zone: "8.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault 674 # local-zone: "9.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault 675 # local-zone: "a.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault 676 # local-zone: "b.e.f.ip6.arpa." nodefault 677 # local-zone: "8.b.d.0.1.0.0.2.ip6.arpa." nodefault 678 # And for 64.100.in-addr.arpa. to 127.100.in-addr.arpa. 679 680 # Add example.com into ipset 681 # local-zone: "example.com" ipset 682 683 # If unbound is running service for the local host then it is useful 684 # to perform lan-wide lookups to the upstream, and unblock the 685 # long list of local-zones above. If this unbound is a dns server 686 # for a network of computers, disabled is better and stops information 687 # leakage of local lan information. 688 # unblock-lan-zones: no 689 690 # The insecure-lan-zones option disables validation for 691 # these zones, as if they were all listed as domain-insecure. 692 # insecure-lan-zones: no 693 694 # a number of locally served zones can be configured. 695 # local-zone: <zone> <type> 696 # local-data: "<resource record string>" 697 # o deny serves local data (if any), else, drops queries. 698 # o refuse serves local data (if any), else, replies with error. 699 # o static serves local data, else, nxdomain or nodata answer. 700 # o transparent gives local data, but resolves normally for other names 701 # o redirect serves the zone data for any subdomain in the zone. 702 # o nodefault can be used to normally resolve AS112 zones. 703 # o typetransparent resolves normally for other types and other names 704 # o inform acts like transparent, but logs client IP address 705 # o inform_deny drops queries and logs client IP address 706 # o inform_redirect redirects queries and logs client IP address 707 # o always_transparent, always_refuse, always_nxdomain, resolve in 708 # that way but ignore local data for that name 709 # o noview breaks out of that view towards global local-zones. 710 # 711 # defaults are localhost address, reverse for 127.0.0.1 and ::1 712 # and nxdomain for AS112 zones. If you configure one of these zones 713 # the default content is omitted, or you can omit it with 'nodefault'. 714 # 715 # If you configure local-data without specifying local-zone, by 716 # default a transparent local-zone is created for the data. 717 # 718 # You can add locally served data with 719 # local-zone: "local." static 720 # local-data: "mycomputer.local. IN A 192.0.2.51" 721 # local-data: 'mytext.local TXT "content of text record"' 722 # 723 # You can override certain queries with 724 # local-data: "adserver.example.com A 127.0.0.1" 725 # 726 # You can redirect a domain to a fixed address with 727 # (this makes example.com, www.example.com, etc, all go to 192.0.2.3) 728 # local-zone: "example.com" redirect 729 # local-data: "example.com A 192.0.2.3" 730 # 731 # Shorthand to make PTR records, "IPv4 name" or "IPv6 name". 732 # You can also add PTR records using local-data directly, but then 733 # you need to do the reverse notation yourself. 734 # local-data-ptr: "192.0.2.3 www.example.com" 735 736 # tag a localzone with a list of tag names (in "" with spaces between) 737 # local-zone-tag: "example.com" "tag2 tag3" 738 739 # add a netblock specific override to a localzone, with zone type 740 # local-zone-override: "example.com" 192.0.2.0/24 refuse 741 742 # service clients over TLS (on the TCP sockets) with plain DNS inside 743 # the TLS stream, and over HTTPS using HTTP/2 as specified in RFC8484. 744 # Give the certificate to use and private key. 745 # default is "" (disabled). requires restart to take effect. 746 # tls-service-key: "path/to/privatekeyfile.key" 747 # tls-service-pem: "path/to/publiccertfile.pem" 748 # tls-port: 853 749 # https-port: 443 750 751 # cipher setting for TLSv1.2 752 # tls-ciphers: "DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256" 753 # cipher setting for TLSv1.3 754 # tls-ciphersuites: "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_CCM_8_SHA256:TLS_AES_128_CCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256" 755 756 # Use the SNI extension for TLS connections. Default is yes. 757 # Changing the value requires a reload. 758 # tls-use-sni: yes 759 760 # Add the secret file for TLS Session Ticket. 761 # Secret file must be 80 bytes of random data. 762 # First key use to encrypt and decrypt TLS session tickets. 763 # Other keys use to decrypt only. 764 # requires restart to take effect. 765 # tls-session-ticket-keys: "path/to/secret_file1" 766 # tls-session-ticket-keys: "path/to/secret_file2" 767 768 # request upstream over TLS (with plain DNS inside the TLS stream). 769 # Default is no. Can be turned on and off with unbound-control. 770 # tls-upstream: no 771 772 # Certificates used to authenticate connections made upstream. 773 # tls-cert-bundle: "" 774 775 # Add system certs to the cert bundle, from the Windows Cert Store 776 # tls-win-cert: no 777 778 # Also serve tls on these port numbers (eg. 443, ...), by listing 779 # tls-additional-port: portno for each of the port numbers. 780 781 # HTTP endpoint to provide DNS-over-HTTPS service on. 782 # http-endpoint: "/dns-query" 783 784 # HTTP/2 SETTINGS_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS value to use. 785 # http-max-streams: 100 786 787 # Maximum number of bytes used for all HTTP/2 query buffers. 788 # http-query-buffer-size: 4m 789 790 # Maximum number of bytes used for all HTTP/2 response buffers. 791 # http-response-buffer-size: 4m 792 793 # Set TCP_NODELAY socket option on sockets used for DNS-over-HTTPS 794 # service. 795 # http-nodelay: yes 796 797 # Disable TLS for DNS-over-HTTP downstream service. 798 # http-notls-downstream: no 799 800 # DNS64 prefix. Must be specified when DNS64 is use. 801 # Enable dns64 in module-config. Used to synthesize IPv6 from IPv4. 802 # dns64-prefix: 64:ff9b::0/96 803 804 # DNS64 ignore AAAA records for these domains and use A instead. 805 # dns64-ignore-aaaa: "example.com" 806 807 # ratelimit for uncached, new queries, this limits recursion effort. 808 # ratelimiting is experimental, and may help against randomqueryflood. 809 # if 0(default) it is disabled, otherwise state qps allowed per zone. 810 # ratelimit: 0 811 812 # ratelimits are tracked in a cache, size in bytes of cache (or k,m). 813 # ratelimit-size: 4m 814 # ratelimit cache slabs, reduces lock contention if equal to cpucount. 815 # ratelimit-slabs: 4 816 817 # 0 blocks when ratelimited, otherwise let 1/xth traffic through 818 # ratelimit-factor: 10 819 820 # override the ratelimit for a specific domain name. 821 # give this setting multiple times to have multiple overrides. 822 # ratelimit-for-domain: example.com 1000 823 # override the ratelimits for all domains below a domain name 824 # can give this multiple times, the name closest to the zone is used. 825 # ratelimit-below-domain: com 1000 826 827 # global query ratelimit for all ip addresses. 828 # feature is experimental. 829 # if 0(default) it is disabled, otherwise states qps allowed per ip address 830 # ip-ratelimit: 0 831 832 # ip ratelimits are tracked in a cache, size in bytes of cache (or k,m). 833 # ip-ratelimit-size: 4m 834 # ip ratelimit cache slabs, reduces lock contention if equal to cpucount. 835 # ip-ratelimit-slabs: 4 836 837 # 0 blocks when ip is ratelimited, otherwise let 1/xth traffic through 838 # ip-ratelimit-factor: 10 839 840 # Limit the number of connections simultaneous from a netblock 841 # tcp-connection-limit: 192.0.2.0/24 12 842 843 # select from the fastest servers this many times out of 1000. 0 means 844 # the fast server select is disabled. prefetches are not sped up. 845 # fast-server-permil: 0 846 # the number of servers that will be used in the fast server selection. 847 # fast-server-num: 3 848 849 # Specific options for ipsecmod. unbound needs to be configured with 850 # --enable-ipsecmod for these to take effect. 851 # 852 # Enable or disable ipsecmod (it still needs to be defined in 853 # module-config above). Can be used when ipsecmod needs to be 854 # enabled/disabled via remote-control(below). 855 # ipsecmod-enabled: yes 856 # 857 # Path to executable external hook. It must be defined when ipsecmod is 858 # listed in module-config (above). 859 # ipsecmod-hook: "./my_executable" 860 # 861 # When enabled unbound will reply with SERVFAIL if the return value of 862 # the ipsecmod-hook is not 0. 863 # ipsecmod-strict: no 864 # 865 # Maximum time to live (TTL) for cached A/AAAA records with IPSECKEY. 866 # ipsecmod-max-ttl: 3600 867 # 868 # Reply with A/AAAA even if the relevant IPSECKEY is bogus. Mainly used for 869 # testing. 870 # ipsecmod-ignore-bogus: no 871 # 872 # Domains for which ipsecmod will be triggered. If not defined (default) 873 # all domains are treated as being allowed. 874 # ipsecmod-allow: "example.com" 875 # ipsecmod-allow: "nlnetlabs.nl" 876 877 878# Python config section. To enable: 879# o use --with-pythonmodule to configure before compiling. 880# o list python in the module-config string (above) to enable. 881# It can be at the start, it gets validated results, or just before 882# the iterator and process before DNSSEC validation. 883# o and give a python-script to run. 884python: 885 # Script file to load 886 # python-script: "@UNBOUND_SHARE_DIR@/ubmodule-tst.py" 887 888# Dynamic library config section. To enable: 889# o use --with-dynlibmodule to configure before compiling. 890# o list dynlib in the module-config string (above) to enable. 891# It can be placed anywhere, the dynlib module is only a very thin wrapper 892# to load modules dynamically. 893# o and give a dynlib-file to run. If more than one dynlib entry is listed in 894# the module-config then you need one dynlib-file per instance. 895dynlib: 896 # Script file to load 897 # dynlib-file: "@UNBOUND_SHARE_DIR@/dynlib.so" 898 899# Remote control config section. 900remote-control: 901 # Enable remote control with unbound-control(8) here. 902 # set up the keys and certificates with unbound-control-setup. 903 # control-enable: no 904 905 # what interfaces are listened to for remote control. 906 # give 0.0.0.0 and ::0 to listen to all interfaces. 907 # set to an absolute path to use a unix local name pipe, certificates 908 # are not used for that, so key and cert files need not be present. 909 # control-interface: 127.0.0.1 910 # control-interface: ::1 911 912 # port number for remote control operations. 913 # control-port: 8953 914 915 # for localhost, you can disable use of TLS by setting this to "no" 916 # For local sockets this option is ignored, and TLS is not used. 917 # control-use-cert: "yes" 918 919 # unbound server key file. 920 # server-key-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_server.key" 921 922 # unbound server certificate file. 923 # server-cert-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_server.pem" 924 925 # unbound-control key file. 926 # control-key-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_control.key" 927 928 # unbound-control certificate file. 929 # control-cert-file: "@UNBOUND_RUN_DIR@/unbound_control.pem" 930 931# Stub zones. 932# Create entries like below, to make all queries for 'example.com' and 933# 'example.org' go to the given list of nameservers. list zero or more 934# nameservers by hostname or by ipaddress. If you set stub-prime to yes, 935# the list is treated as priming hints (default is no). 936# With stub-first yes, it attempts without the stub if it fails. 937# Consider adding domain-insecure: name and local-zone: name nodefault 938# to the server: section if the stub is a locally served zone. 939# stub-zone: 940# name: "example.com" 941# stub-addr: 192.0.2.68 942# stub-prime: no 943# stub-first: no 944# stub-tls-upstream: no 945# stub-no-cache: no 946# stub-zone: 947# name: "example.org" 948# stub-host: ns.example.com. 949 950# Forward zones 951# Create entries like below, to make all queries for 'example.com' and 952# 'example.org' go to the given list of servers. These servers have to handle 953# recursion to other nameservers. List zero or more nameservers by hostname 954# or by ipaddress. Use an entry with name "." to forward all queries. 955# If you enable forward-first, it attempts without the forward if it fails. 956# forward-zone: 957# name: "example.com" 958# forward-addr: 192.0.2.68 959# forward-addr: 192.0.2.73@5355 # forward to port 5355. 960# forward-first: no 961# forward-tls-upstream: no 962# forward-no-cache: no 963# forward-zone: 964# name: "example.org" 965# forward-host: fwd.example.com 966 967# Authority zones 968# The data for these zones is kept locally, from a file or downloaded. 969# The data can be served to downstream clients, or used instead of the 970# upstream (which saves a lookup to the upstream). The first example 971# has a copy of the root for local usage. The second serves example.org 972# authoritatively. zonefile: reads from file (and writes to it if you also 973# download it), primary: fetches with AXFR and IXFR, or url to zonefile. 974# With allow-notify: you can give additional (apart from primaries) sources of 975# notifies. 976# auth-zone: 977# name: "." 978# primary: 199.9.14.201 # b.root-servers.net 979# primary: 192.33.4.12 # c.root-servers.net 980# primary: 199.7.91.13 # d.root-servers.net 981# primary: 192.5.5.241 # f.root-servers.net 982# primary: 192.112.36.4 # g.root-servers.net 983# primary: 193.0.14.129 # k.root-servers.net 984# primary: 192.0.47.132 # xfr.cjr.dns.icann.org 985# primary: 192.0.32.132 # xfr.lax.dns.icann.org 986# primary: 2001:500:200::b # b.root-servers.net 987# primary: 2001:500:2::c # c.root-servers.net 988# primary: 2001:500:2d::d # d.root-servers.net 989# primary: 2001:500:2f::f # f.root-servers.net 990# primary: 2001:500:12::d0d # g.root-servers.net 991# primary: 2001:7fd::1 # k.root-servers.net 992# primary: 2620:0:2830:202::132 # xfr.cjr.dns.icann.org 993# primary: 2620:0:2d0:202::132 # xfr.lax.dns.icann.org 994# fallback-enabled: yes 995# for-downstream: no 996# for-upstream: yes 997# auth-zone: 998# name: "example.org" 999# for-downstream: yes 1000# for-upstream: yes 1001# zonefile: "example.org.zone" 1002 1003# Views 1004# Create named views. Name must be unique. Map views to requests using 1005# the access-control-view option. Views can contain zero or more local-zone 1006# and local-data options. Options from matching views will override global 1007# options. Global options will be used if no matching view is found. 1008# With view-first yes, it will try to answer using the global local-zone and 1009# local-data elements if there is no view specific match. 1010# view: 1011# name: "viewname" 1012# local-zone: "example.com" redirect 1013# local-data: "example.com A 192.0.2.3" 1014# local-data-ptr: "192.0.2.3 www.example.com" 1015# view-first: no 1016# view: 1017# name: "anotherview" 1018# local-zone: "example.com" refuse 1019 1020# DNSCrypt 1021# Caveats: 1022# 1. the keys/certs cannot be produced by unbound. You can use dnscrypt-wrapper 1023# for this: https://github.com/cofyc/dnscrypt-wrapper/blob/master/README.md#usage 1024# 2. dnscrypt channel attaches to an interface. you MUST set interfaces to 1025# listen on `dnscrypt-port` with the follo0wing snippet: 1026# server: 1027# interface: 0.0.0.0@443 1028# interface: ::0@443 1029# 1030# Finally, `dnscrypt` config has its own section. 1031# dnscrypt: 1032# dnscrypt-enable: yes 1033# dnscrypt-port: 443 1034# dnscrypt-provider: 2.dnscrypt-cert.example.com. 1035# dnscrypt-secret-key: /path/unbound-conf/keys1/1.key 1036# dnscrypt-secret-key: /path/unbound-conf/keys2/1.key 1037# dnscrypt-provider-cert: /path/unbound-conf/keys1/1.cert 1038# dnscrypt-provider-cert: /path/unbound-conf/keys2/1.cert 1039 1040# CacheDB 1041# Enable external backend DB as auxiliary cache. Specify the backend name 1042# (default is "testframe", which has no use other than for debugging and 1043# testing) and backend-specific options. The 'cachedb' module must be 1044# included in module-config, just before the iterator module. 1045# cachedb: 1046# backend: "testframe" 1047# # secret seed string to calculate hashed keys 1048# secret-seed: "default" 1049# 1050# # For "redis" backend: 1051# # redis server's IP address or host name 1052# redis-server-host: 127.0.0.1 1053# # redis server's TCP port 1054# redis-server-port: 6379 1055# # timeout (in ms) for communication with the redis server 1056# redis-timeout: 100 1057# # set timeout on redis records based on DNS response TTL 1058# redis-expire-records: no 1059 1060# IPSet 1061# Add specify domain into set via ipset. 1062# Note: To enable ipset unbound needs to run as root user. 1063# ipset: 1064# # set name for ip v4 addresses 1065# name-v4: "list-v4" 1066# # set name for ip v6 addresses 1067# name-v6: "list-v6" 1068# 1069 1070# Dnstap logging support, if compiled in. To enable, set the dnstap-enable 1071# to yes and also some of dnstap-log-..-messages to yes. And select an 1072# upstream log destination, by socket path, TCP or TLS destination. 1073# dnstap: 1074# dnstap-enable: no 1075# # if set to yes frame streams will be used in bidirectional mode 1076# dnstap-bidirectional: yes 1077# dnstap-socket-path: "@DNSTAP_SOCKET_PATH@" 1078# # if "" use the unix socket in dnstap-socket-path, otherwise, 1079# # set it to "IPaddress[@port]" of the destination. 1080# dnstap-ip: "" 1081# # if set to yes if you want to use TLS to dnstap-ip, no for TCP. 1082# dnstap-tls: yes 1083# # name for authenticating the upstream server. or "" disabled. 1084# dnstap-tls-server-name: "" 1085# # if "", it uses the cert bundle from the main unbound config. 1086# dnstap-tls-cert-bundle: "" 1087# # key file for client authentication, or "" disabled. 1088# dnstap-tls-client-key-file: "" 1089# # cert file for client authentication, or "" disabled. 1090# dnstap-tls-client-cert-file: "" 1091# dnstap-send-identity: no 1092# dnstap-send-version: no 1093# # if "" it uses the hostname. 1094# dnstap-identity: "" 1095# # if "" it uses the package version. 1096# dnstap-version: "" 1097# dnstap-log-resolver-query-messages: no 1098# dnstap-log-resolver-response-messages: no 1099# dnstap-log-client-query-messages: no 1100# dnstap-log-client-response-messages: no 1101# dnstap-log-forwarder-query-messages: no 1102# dnstap-log-forwarder-response-messages: no 1103 1104# Response Policy Zones 1105# RPZ policies. Applied in order of configuration. QNAME and Response IP 1106# Address trigger are the only supported triggers. Supported actions are: 1107# NXDOMAIN, NODATA, PASSTHRU, DROP and Local Data. Policies can be loaded from 1108# file, using zone transfer, or using HTTP. The respip module needs to be added 1109# to the module-config, e.g.: module-config: "respip validator iterator". 1110# rpz: 1111# name: "rpz.example.com" 1112# zonefile: "rpz.example.com" 1113# primary: 192.0.2.0 1114# allow-notify: 192.0.2.0/32 1115# url: http://www.example.com/rpz.example.org.zone 1116# rpz-action-override: cname 1117# rpz-cname-override: www.example.org 1118# rpz-log: yes 1119# rpz-log-name: "example policy" 1120# tags: "example" 1121