xref: /freebsd/contrib/unbound/compat/snprintf.c (revision 911f0260390e18cf85f3dbf2c719b593efdc1e3c)
1 /* snprintf - compatibility implementation of snprintf, vsnprintf
2  *
3  * Copyright (c) 2013, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software is open source.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  *
11  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
12  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  *
14  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
15  * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
16  * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  *
18  * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
19  * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
20  * specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
23  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
24  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
25  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
26  * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
27  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
29  * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
30  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
31  * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
32  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 #include "config.h"
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <ctype.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <stdarg.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
43 #include <stdint.h>
44 #endif
45 #include <limits.h>
46 
47 /* for test */
48 /* #define SNPRINTF_TEST 1 */
49 #ifdef SNPRINTF_TEST
50 #define snprintf my_snprintf
51 #define vsnprintf my_vsnprintf
52 #endif /* SNPRINTF_TEST */
53 
54 int snprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, ...);
55 int vsnprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, va_list arg);
56 
57 /**
58  * Very portable snprintf implementation, limited in functionality,
59  * esp. for %[capital] %[nonportable] and so on.  Reduced float functionality,
60  * mostly in formatting and range (e+-16), for %f and %g.
61  *
62  * %s, %d, %u, %i, %x, %c, %n and %% are fully supported.
63  *   This includes width, precision, flags 0- +, and *(arg for wid,prec).
64  * %f, %g, %m, %p have reduced support, support for wid,prec,flags,*, but
65  *   less floating point range, no %e formatting for %g.
66  */
67 int snprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, ...)
68 {
69 	int r;
70 	va_list args;
71 	va_start(args, format);
72 	r = vsnprintf(str, size, format, args);
73 	va_end(args);
74 	return r;
75 }
76 
77 /** add padding to string */
78 static void
79 print_pad(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, char p, int num)
80 {
81 	while(num--) {
82 		if(*left > 1) {
83 			*(*at)++ = p;
84 			(*left)--;
85 		}
86 		(*ret)++;
87 	}
88 }
89 
90 /** get negative symbol, 0 if none */
91 static char
92 get_negsign(int negative, int plus, int space)
93 {
94 	if(negative)
95 		return '-';
96 	if(plus)
97 		return '+';
98 	if(space)
99 		return ' ';
100 	return 0;
101 }
102 
103 #define PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ 32 /* 20 is enough for 64 bit decimals */
104 /** print decimal into buffer, returns length */
105 static int
106 print_dec(char* buf, int max, unsigned int value)
107 {
108 	int i = 0;
109 	if(value == 0) {
110 		if(max > 0) {
111 			buf[0] = '0';
112 			i = 1;
113 		}
114 	} else while(value && i < max) {
115 		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
116 		value /= 10;
117 	}
118 	return i;
119 }
120 
121 /** print long decimal into buffer, returns length */
122 static int
123 print_dec_l(char* buf, int max, unsigned long value)
124 {
125 	int i = 0;
126 	if(value == 0) {
127 		if(max > 0) {
128 			buf[0] = '0';
129 			i = 1;
130 		}
131 	} else while(value && i < max) {
132 		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
133 		value /= 10;
134 	}
135 	return i;
136 }
137 
138 /** print long decimal into buffer, returns length */
139 static int
140 print_dec_ll(char* buf, int max, unsigned long long value)
141 {
142 	int i = 0;
143 	if(value == 0) {
144 		if(max > 0) {
145 			buf[0] = '0';
146 			i = 1;
147 		}
148 	} else while(value && i < max) {
149 		buf[i++] = '0' + value % 10;
150 		value /= 10;
151 	}
152 	return i;
153 }
154 
155 /** print hex into buffer, returns length */
156 static int
157 print_hex(char* buf, int max, unsigned int value)
158 {
159 	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
160 	int i = 0;
161 	if(value == 0) {
162 		if(max > 0) {
163 			buf[0] = '0';
164 			i = 1;
165 		}
166 	} else while(value && i < max) {
167 		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
168 		value >>= 4;
169 	}
170 	return i;
171 }
172 
173 /** print long hex into buffer, returns length */
174 static int
175 print_hex_l(char* buf, int max, unsigned long value)
176 {
177 	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
178 	int i = 0;
179 	if(value == 0) {
180 		if(max > 0) {
181 			buf[0] = '0';
182 			i = 1;
183 		}
184 	} else while(value && i < max) {
185 		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
186 		value >>= 4;
187 	}
188 	return i;
189 }
190 
191 /** print long long hex into buffer, returns length */
192 static int
193 print_hex_ll(char* buf, int max, unsigned long long value)
194 {
195 	const char* h = "0123456789abcdef";
196 	int i = 0;
197 	if(value == 0) {
198 		if(max > 0) {
199 			buf[0] = '0';
200 			i = 1;
201 		}
202 	} else while(value && i < max) {
203 		buf[i++] = h[value & 0x0f];
204 		value >>= 4;
205 	}
206 	return i;
207 }
208 
209 /** copy string into result, reversed */
210 static void
211 spool_str_rev(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, const char* buf, int len)
212 {
213 	int i = len;
214 	while(i) {
215 		if(*left > 1) {
216 			*(*at)++ = buf[--i];
217 			(*left)--;
218 		} else --i;
219 		(*ret)++;
220 	}
221 }
222 
223 /** copy string into result */
224 static void
225 spool_str(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, const char* buf, int len)
226 {
227 	int i;
228 	for(i=0; i<len; i++) {
229 		if(*left > 1) {
230 			*(*at)++ = buf[i];
231 			(*left)--;
232 		}
233 		(*ret)++;
234 	}
235 }
236 
237 /** print number formatted */
238 static void
239 print_num(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int minw, int precision,
240 	int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus, int plus, int space,
241 	int zero, int negative, char* buf, int len)
242 {
243 	int w = len; /* excludes minus sign */
244 	char s = get_negsign(negative, plus, space);
245 	if(minus) {
246 		/* left adjust the number into the field, space padding */
247 		/* calc numw = [sign][zeroes][number] */
248 		int numw = w;
249 		if(precision == 0 && zero) numw = 0;
250 		if(numw < precision) numw = precision;
251 		if(s) numw++;
252 
253 		/* sign */
254 		if(s) print_pad(at, left, ret, s, 1);
255 
256 		/* number */
257 		if(precision == 0 && zero) {
258 			/* "" for the number */
259 		} else {
260 			if(w < precision)
261 				print_pad(at, left, ret, '0', precision - w);
262 			spool_str_rev(at, left, ret, buf, len);
263 		}
264 		/* spaces */
265 		if(numw < minw)
266 			print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - numw);
267 	} else {
268 		/* pad on the left of the number */
269 		/* calculate numw has width of [sign][zeroes][number] */
270 		int numw = w;
271 		if(precision == 0 && zero) numw = 0;
272 		if(numw < precision) numw = precision;
273 		if(!prgiven && zeropad && numw < minw) numw = minw;
274 		else if(s) numw++;
275 
276 		/* pad with spaces */
277 		if(numw < minw)
278 			print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - numw);
279 		/* print sign (and one less zeropad if so) */
280 		if(s) {
281 			print_pad(at, left, ret, s, 1);
282 			numw--;
283 		}
284 		/* pad with zeroes */
285 		if(w < numw)
286 			print_pad(at, left, ret, '0', numw - w);
287 		if(precision == 0 && zero)
288 			return;
289 		/* print the characters for the value */
290 		spool_str_rev(at, left, ret, buf, len);
291 	}
292 }
293 
294 /** print %d and %i */
295 static void
296 print_num_d(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int value,
297 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
298 	int plus, int space)
299 {
300 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
301 	int negative = (value < 0);
302 	int zero = (value == 0);
303 	int len = print_dec(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
304 		(unsigned int)(negative?-value:value));
305 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
306 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
307 }
308 
309 /** print %ld and %li */
310 static void
311 print_num_ld(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, long value,
312 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
313 	int plus, int space)
314 {
315 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
316 	int negative = (value < 0);
317 	int zero = (value == 0);
318 	int len = print_dec_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
319 		(unsigned long)(negative?-value:value));
320 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
321 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
322 }
323 
324 /** print %lld and %lli */
325 static void
326 print_num_lld(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, long long value,
327 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
328 	int plus, int space)
329 {
330 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
331 	int negative = (value < 0);
332 	int zero = (value == 0);
333 	int len = print_dec_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf),
334 		(unsigned long long)(negative?-value:value));
335 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
336 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
337 }
338 
339 /** print %u */
340 static void
341 print_num_u(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned int value,
342 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
343 	int plus, int space)
344 {
345 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
346 	int negative = 0;
347 	int zero = (value == 0);
348 	int len = print_dec(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
349 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
350 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
351 }
352 
353 /** print %lu */
354 static void
355 print_num_lu(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long value,
356 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
357 	int plus, int space)
358 {
359 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
360 	int negative = 0;
361 	int zero = (value == 0);
362 	int len = print_dec_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
363 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
364 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
365 }
366 
367 /** print %llu */
368 static void
369 print_num_llu(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long long value,
370 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
371 	int plus, int space)
372 {
373 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
374 	int negative = 0;
375 	int zero = (value == 0);
376 	int len = print_dec_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
377 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
378 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
379 }
380 
381 /** print %x */
382 static void
383 print_num_x(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned int value,
384 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
385 	int plus, int space)
386 {
387 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
388 	int negative = 0;
389 	int zero = (value == 0);
390 	int len = print_hex(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
391 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
392 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
393 }
394 
395 /** print %lx */
396 static void
397 print_num_lx(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long value,
398 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
399 	int plus, int space)
400 {
401 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
402 	int negative = 0;
403 	int zero = (value == 0);
404 	int len = print_hex_l(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
405 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
406 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
407 }
408 
409 /** print %llx */
410 static void
411 print_num_llx(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, unsigned long long value,
412 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
413 	int plus, int space)
414 {
415 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
416 	int negative = 0;
417 	int zero = (value == 0);
418 	int len = print_hex_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), value);
419 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
420 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
421 }
422 
423 /** print %llp */
424 static void
425 print_num_llp(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, void* value,
426 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
427 	int plus, int space)
428 {
429 	char buf[PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ];
430 	int negative = 0;
431 	int zero = (value == 0);
432 #if defined(SIZE_MAX) && defined(UINT32_MAX) && (UINT32_MAX == SIZE_MAX || INT32_MAX == SIZE_MAX)
433 	/* avoid warning about upcast on 32bit systems */
434 	unsigned long long llvalue = (unsigned long)value;
435 #else
436 	unsigned long long llvalue = (unsigned long long)value;
437 #endif
438 	int len = print_hex_ll(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), llvalue);
439 	if(zero) {
440 		buf[0]=')';
441 		buf[1]='l';
442 		buf[2]='i';
443 		buf[3]='n';
444 		buf[4]='(';
445 		len = 5;
446 	} else {
447 		/* put '0x' in front of the (reversed) buffer result */
448 		if(len < PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ)
449 			buf[len++] = 'x';
450 		if(len < PRINT_DEC_BUFSZ)
451 			buf[len++] = '0';
452 	}
453 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus,
454 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
455 }
456 
457 #define PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ 64 /* xx.yy with 20.20 about the max */
458 /** spool remainder after the decimal point to buffer, in reverse */
459 static int
460 print_remainder(char* buf, int max, double r, int prec)
461 {
462 	unsigned long long cap = 1;
463 	unsigned long long value;
464 	int len, i;
465 	if(prec > 19) prec = 19; /* max we can do */
466 	if(max < prec) return 0;
467 	for(i=0; i<prec; i++) {
468 		cap *= 10;
469 	}
470 	r *= (double)cap;
471 	value = (unsigned long long)r;
472 	/* see if we need to round up */
473 	if(((unsigned long long)((r - (double)value)*10.0)) >= 5) {
474 		value++;
475 		/* that might carry to numbers before the comma, if so,
476 		 * just ignore that rounding. failure because 64bitprintout */
477 		if(value >= cap)
478 			value = cap-1;
479 	}
480 	len = print_dec_ll(buf, max, value);
481 	while(len < prec) { /* pad with zeroes, e.g. if 0.0012 */
482 		buf[len++] = '0';
483 	}
484 	if(len < max)
485 		buf[len++] = '.';
486 	return len;
487 }
488 
489 /** spool floating point to buffer */
490 static int
491 print_float(char* buf, int max, double value, int prec)
492 {
493 	/* as xxx.xxx  if prec==0, no '.', with prec decimals after . */
494 	/* no conversion for NAN and INF, because we do not want to require
495 	   linking with -lm. */
496 	/* Thus, the conversions use 64bit integers to convert the numbers,
497 	 * which makes 19 digits before and after the decimal point the max */
498 	unsigned long long whole = (unsigned long long)value;
499 	double remain = value - (double)whole;
500 	int len = 0;
501 	if(prec != 0)
502 		len = print_remainder(buf, max, remain, prec);
503 	len += print_dec_ll(buf+len, max-len, whole);
504 	return len;
505 }
506 
507 /** print %f */
508 static void
509 print_num_f(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, double value,
510 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
511 	int plus, int space)
512 {
513 	char buf[PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ];
514 	int negative = (value < 0);
515 	int zero = 0;
516 	int len;
517 	if(!prgiven) precision = 6;
518 	len = print_float(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), negative?-value:value,
519 		precision);
520 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, 1, 0, zeropad, minus,
521 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
522 }
523 
524 /* rudimentary %g support */
525 static int
526 print_float_g(char* buf, int max, double value, int prec)
527 {
528 	unsigned long long whole = (unsigned long long)value;
529 	double remain = value - (double)whole;
530 	int before = 0;
531 	int len = 0;
532 
533 	/* number of digits before the decimal point */
534 	while(whole > 0) {
535 		before++;
536 		whole /= 10;
537 	}
538 	whole = (unsigned long long)value;
539 
540 	if(prec > before && remain != 0.0) {
541 		/* see if the last decimals are zero, if so, skip them */
542 		len = print_remainder(buf, max, remain, prec-before);
543 		while(len > 0 && buf[0]=='0') {
544 			memmove(buf, buf+1, --len);
545 		}
546 	}
547 	len += print_dec_ll(buf+len, max-len, whole);
548 	return len;
549 }
550 
551 
552 /** print %g */
553 static void
554 print_num_g(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, double value,
555 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int zeropad, int minus,
556 	int plus, int space)
557 {
558 	char buf[PRINT_FLOAT_BUFSZ];
559 	int negative = (value < 0);
560 	int zero = 0;
561 	int len;
562 	if(!prgiven) precision = 6;
563 	if(precision == 0) precision = 1;
564 	len = print_float_g(buf, (int)sizeof(buf), negative?-value:value,
565 		precision);
566 	print_num(at, left, ret, minw, 1, 0, zeropad, minus,
567 		plus, space, zero, negative, buf, len);
568 }
569 
570 
571 /** strnlen (compat implementation) */
572 static int
573 my_strnlen(const char* s, int max)
574 {
575 	int i;
576 	for(i=0; i<max; i++)
577 		if(s[i]==0)
578 			return i;
579 	return max;
580 }
581 
582 /** print %s */
583 static void
584 print_str(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, char* s,
585 	int minw, int precision, int prgiven, int minus)
586 {
587 	int w;
588 	/* with prec: no more than x characters from this string, stop at 0 */
589 	if(prgiven)
590 		w = my_strnlen(s, precision);
591 	else	w = (int)strlen(s); /* up to the nul */
592 	if(w < minw && !minus)
593 		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - w);
594 	spool_str(at, left, ret, s, w);
595 	if(w < minw && minus)
596 		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - w);
597 }
598 
599 /** print %c */
600 static void
601 print_char(char** at, size_t* left, int* ret, int c,
602 	int minw, int minus)
603 {
604 	if(1 < minw && !minus)
605 		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - 1);
606 	print_pad(at, left, ret, c, 1);
607 	if(1 < minw && minus)
608 		print_pad(at, left, ret, ' ', minw - 1);
609 }
610 
611 
612 /**
613  * Print to string.
614  * str: string buffer for result. result will be null terminated.
615  * size: size of the buffer. null is put inside buffer.
616  * format: printf format string.
617  * arg: '...' arguments to print.
618  * returns number of characters. a null is printed after this.
619  * return number of bytes that would have been written
620  *	   if the buffer had been large enough.
621  *
622  * supported format specifiers:
623  * 	%s, %u, %d, %x, %i, %f, %g, %c, %p, %n.
624  * 	length: l, ll (for d, u, x).
625  * 	precision: 6.6d (for d, u, x)
626  * 		%f, %g precisions, 0.3f
627  * 		%20s, '.*s'
628  * 	and %%.
629  */
630 int vsnprintf(char* str, size_t size, const char* format, va_list arg)
631 {
632 	char* at = str;
633 	size_t left = size;
634 	int ret = 0;
635 	const char* fmt = format;
636 	int conv, minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space, length;
637 	while(*fmt) {
638 		/* copy string before % */
639 		while(*fmt && *fmt!='%') {
640 			if(left > 1) {
641 				*at++ = *fmt++;
642 				left--;
643 			} else fmt++;
644 			ret++;
645 		}
646 
647 		/* see if we are at end */
648 		if(!*fmt) break;
649 
650 		/* fetch next argument % designation from format string */
651 		fmt++; /* skip the '%' */
652 
653 		/********************************/
654 		/* get the argument designation */
655 		/********************************/
656 		/* we must do this vararg stuff inside this function for
657 		 * portability.  Hence, get_designation, and print_designation
658 		 * are not their own functions. */
659 
660 		/* printout designation:
661 		 * conversion specifier: x, d, u, s, c, m, p
662 		 * flags: # not supported
663 		 *        0 zeropad (on the left)
664 		 *	  - left adjust (right by default)
665 		 *	  ' ' printspace for positive number (in - position).
666 		 *	  + alwayssign
667 		 * fieldwidth: [1-9][0-9]* minimum field width.
668 		 * 	if this is * then type int next argument specifies the minwidth.
669 		 * 	if this is negative, the - flag is set (with positive width).
670 		 * precision: period[digits]*, %.2x.
671 		 * 	if this is * then type int next argument specifies the precision.
672 		 *	just '.' or negative value means precision=0.
673 		 *		this is mindigits to print for d, i, u, x
674 		 *		this is aftercomma digits for f
675 		 *		this is max number significant digits for g
676 		 *		maxnumber characters to be printed for s
677 		 * length: 0-none (int), 1-l (long), 2-ll (long long)
678 		 * 	notsupported: hh (char), h (short), L (long double), q, j, z, t
679 		 * Does not support %m$ and *m$ argument designation as array indices.
680 		 * Does not support %#x
681 		 *
682 		 */
683 		minw = 0;
684 		precision = 1;
685 		prgiven = 0;
686 		zeropad = 0;
687 		minus = 0;
688 		plus = 0;
689 		space = 0;
690 		length = 0;
691 
692 		/* get flags in any order */
693 		for(;;) {
694 			if(*fmt == '0')
695 				zeropad = 1;
696 			else if(*fmt == '-')
697 				minus = 1;
698 			else if(*fmt == '+')
699 				plus = 1;
700 			else if(*fmt == ' ')
701 				space = 1;
702 			else break;
703 			fmt++;
704 		}
705 
706 		/* field width */
707 		if(*fmt == '*') {
708 			fmt++; /* skip char */
709 			minw = va_arg(arg, int);
710 			if(minw < 0) {
711 				minus = 1;
712 				minw = -minw;
713 			}
714 		} else while(*fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '9') {
715 			minw = minw*10 + (*fmt++)-'0';
716 		}
717 
718 		/* precision */
719 		if(*fmt == '.') {
720 			fmt++; /* skip period */
721 			prgiven = 1;
722 			precision = 0;
723 			if(*fmt == '*') {
724 				fmt++; /* skip char */
725 				precision = va_arg(arg, int);
726 				if(precision < 0)
727 					precision = 0;
728 			} else while(*fmt >= '0' && *fmt <= '9') {
729 				precision = precision*10 + (*fmt++)-'0';
730 			}
731 		}
732 
733 		/* length */
734 		if(*fmt == 'l') {
735 			fmt++; /* skip char */
736 			length = 1;
737 			if(*fmt == 'l') {
738 				fmt++; /* skip char */
739 				length = 2;
740 			}
741 		}
742 
743 		/* get the conversion */
744 		if(!*fmt) conv = 0;
745 		else	conv = *fmt++;
746 
747 		/***********************************/
748 		/* print that argument designation */
749 		/***********************************/
750 		switch(conv) {
751 		case 'i':
752 		case 'd':
753 			if(length == 0)
754 			    print_num_d(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, int),
755 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
756 			else if(length == 1)
757 			    print_num_ld(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, long),
758 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
759 			else if(length == 2)
760 			    print_num_lld(&at, &left, &ret,
761 				va_arg(arg, long long),
762 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
763 			break;
764 		case 'u':
765 			if(length == 0)
766 			    print_num_u(&at, &left, &ret,
767 				va_arg(arg, unsigned int),
768 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
769 			else if(length == 1)
770 			    print_num_lu(&at, &left, &ret,
771 				va_arg(arg, unsigned long),
772 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
773 			else if(length == 2)
774 			    print_num_llu(&at, &left, &ret,
775 				va_arg(arg, unsigned long long),
776 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
777 			break;
778 		case 'x':
779 			if(length == 0)
780 			    print_num_x(&at, &left, &ret,
781 				va_arg(arg, unsigned int),
782 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
783 			else if(length == 1)
784 			    print_num_lx(&at, &left, &ret,
785 				va_arg(arg, unsigned long),
786 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
787 			else if(length == 2)
788 			    print_num_llx(&at, &left, &ret,
789 				va_arg(arg, unsigned long long),
790 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
791 			break;
792 		case 's':
793 			print_str(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, char*),
794 				minw, precision, prgiven, minus);
795 			break;
796 		case 'c':
797 			print_char(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, int),
798 				minw, minus);
799 			break;
800 		case 'n':
801 			/* unsupported to harden against format string
802 			 * exploitation,
803 			 * handled like an unknown format specifier. */
804 			/* *va_arg(arg, int*) = ret; */
805 			break;
806 		case 'm':
807 			print_str(&at, &left, &ret, strerror(errno),
808 				minw, precision, prgiven, minus);
809 			break;
810 		case 'p':
811 			print_num_llp(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, void*),
812 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
813 			break;
814 		case '%':
815 			print_pad(&at, &left, &ret, '%', 1);
816 			break;
817 		case 'f':
818 			print_num_f(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, double),
819 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
820 			break;
821 		case 'g':
822 			print_num_g(&at, &left, &ret, va_arg(arg, double),
823 				minw, precision, prgiven, zeropad, minus, plus, space);
824 			break;
825 		/* unknown */
826 		default:
827 		case 0: break;
828 		}
829 	}
830 
831 	/* zero terminate */
832 	if(left > 0)
833 		*at = 0;
834 	return ret;
835 }
836 
837 #ifdef SNPRINTF_TEST
838 
839 /** do tests */
840 #undef snprintf
841 #define DOTEST(bufsz, result, retval, ...) do { \
842 	char buf[bufsz]; \
843 	printf("now test %s\n", #__VA_ARGS__); \
844 	int r=my_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), __VA_ARGS__); \
845 	if(r != retval || strcmp(buf, result) != 0) { \
846 		printf("error test(%s) was \"%s\":%d\n", \
847 			""#bufsz", "#result", "#retval", "#__VA_ARGS__, \
848 			buf, r); \
849 		exit(1); \
850 		} \
851 	r=snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), __VA_ARGS__); \
852 	if(r != retval || strcmp(buf, result) != 0) { \
853 		printf("error test(%s) differs with system, \"%s\":%d\n", \
854 			""#bufsz", "#result", "#retval", "#__VA_ARGS__, \
855 			buf, r); \
856 		exit(1); \
857 		} \
858 	printf("test(\"%s\":%d) passed\n", buf, r); \
859 	} while(0);
860 
861 /** test program */
862 int main(void)
863 {
864 	int x = 0;
865 
866 	/* bufsize, expectedstring, expectedretval, snprintf arguments */
867 	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "hello");
868 	DOTEST(1024, "h", 1, "h");
869 	/* warning from gcc for format string, but it does work
870 	 * DOTEST(1024, "", 0, ""); */
871 
872 	DOTEST(3, "he", 5, "hello");
873 	DOTEST(1, "", 7, "%d", 7823089);
874 
875 	/* test positive numbers */
876 	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%d", 0);
877 	DOTEST(1024, "1", 1, "%d", 1);
878 	DOTEST(1024, "9", 1, "%d", 9);
879 	DOTEST(1024, "15", 2, "%d", 15);
880 	DOTEST(1024, "ab15cd", 6, "ab%dcd", 15);
881 	DOTEST(1024, "167", 3, "%d", 167);
882 	DOTEST(1024, "7823089", 7, "%d", 7823089);
883 	DOTEST(1024, " 12", 3, "%3d", 12);
884 	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%.3d", 12);
885 	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%3.3d", 12);
886 	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%03d", 12);
887 	DOTEST(1024, " 012", 4, "%4.3d", 12);
888 	DOTEST(1024, "", 0, "%.0d", 0);
889 
890 	/* test negative numbers */
891 	DOTEST(1024, "-1", 2, "%d", -1);
892 	DOTEST(1024, "-12", 3, "%3d", -12);
893 	DOTEST(1024, " -2", 3, "%3d", -2);
894 	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%.3d", -12);
895 	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%3.3d", -12);
896 	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%4.3d", -12);
897 	DOTEST(1024, " -012", 5, "%5.3d", -12);
898 	DOTEST(1024, "-12", 3, "%03d", -12);
899 	DOTEST(1024, "-02", 3, "%03d", -2);
900 	DOTEST(1024, "-15", 3, "%d", -15);
901 	DOTEST(1024, "-7307", 5, "%d", -7307);
902 	DOTEST(1024, "-12  ", 5, "%-5d", -12);
903 	DOTEST(1024, "-00012", 6, "%-.5d", -12);
904 
905 	/* test + and space flags */
906 	DOTEST(1024, "+12", 3, "%+d", 12);
907 	DOTEST(1024, " 12", 3, "% d", 12);
908 
909 	/* test %u */
910 	DOTEST(1024, "12", 2, "%u", 12);
911 	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%u", 0);
912 	DOTEST(1024, "4294967295", 10, "%u", 0xffffffff);
913 
914 	/* test %x */
915 	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%x", 0);
916 	DOTEST(1024, "c", 1, "%x", 12);
917 	DOTEST(1024, "12ab34cd", 8, "%x", 0x12ab34cd);
918 
919 	/* test %llu, %lld */
920 	DOTEST(1024, "18446744073709551615", 20, "%llu",
921 		(long long)0xffffffffffffffff);
922 	DOTEST(1024, "-9223372036854775808", 20, "%lld",
923 		(long long)0x8000000000000000);
924 	DOTEST(1024, "9223372036854775808", 19, "%llu",
925 		(long long)0x8000000000000000);
926 
927 	/* test %s */
928 	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "%s", "hello");
929 	DOTEST(1024, "     hello", 10, "%10s", "hello");
930 	DOTEST(1024, "hello     ", 10, "%-10s", "hello");
931 	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.2s", "hello");
932 	DOTEST(1024, "  he", 4, "%4.2s", "hello");
933 	DOTEST(1024, "   h", 4, "%4.2s", "h");
934 
935 	/* test %c */
936 	DOTEST(1024, "a", 1, "%c", 'a');
937 	/* warning from gcc for format string, but it does work
938 	   DOTEST(1024, "    a", 5, "%5c", 'a');
939 	   DOTEST(1024, "a", 1, "%.0c", 'a'); */
940 
941 	/* test %n */
942 	DOTEST(1024, "hello", 5, "hello%n", &x);
943 	if(x != 5) { printf("the %%n failed\n"); exit(1); }
944 
945 	/* test %m */
946 	errno = 0;
947 	DOTEST(1024, "Success", 7, "%m");
948 
949 	/* test %p */
950 	DOTEST(1024, "0x10", 4, "%p", (void*)0x10);
951 	DOTEST(1024, "(nil)", 5, "%p", (void*)0x0);
952 
953 	/* test %% */
954 	DOTEST(1024, "%", 1, "%%");
955 
956 	/* test %f */
957 	DOTEST(1024, "0.000000", 8, "%f", 0.0);
958 	DOTEST(1024, "0.00", 4, "%.2f", 0.0);
959 	/* differs, "-0.00" DOTEST(1024, "0.00", 4, "%.2f", -0.0); */
960 	DOTEST(1024, "234.00", 6, "%.2f", 234.005);
961 	DOTEST(1024, "8973497.1246", 12, "%.4f", 8973497.12456);
962 	DOTEST(1024, "-12.000000", 10, "%f", -12.0);
963 	DOTEST(1024, "6", 1, "%.0f", 6.0);
964 
965 	DOTEST(1024, "6", 1, "%g", 6.0);
966 	DOTEST(1024, "6.1", 3, "%g", 6.1);
967 	DOTEST(1024, "6.15", 4, "%g", 6.15);
968 
969 	/* These format strings are from the code of NSD, Unbound, ldns */
970 
971 	DOTEST(1024, "abcdef", 6, "%s", "abcdef");
972 	DOTEST(1024, "005", 3, "%03u", 5);
973 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%03u", 12345);
974 	DOTEST(1024, "5", 1, "%d", 5);
975 	DOTEST(1024, "(nil)", 5, "%p", NULL);
976 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%ld", (long)12345);
977 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%lu", (long)12345);
978 	DOTEST(1024, "       12345", 12, "%12u", (unsigned)12345);
979 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%u", (unsigned)12345);
980 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%llu", (unsigned long long)12345);
981 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%x", 0x12345);
982 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%llx", (long long)0x12345);
983 	DOTEST(1024, "012345", 6, "%6.6d", 12345);
984 	DOTEST(1024, "012345", 6, "%6.6u", 12345);
985 	DOTEST(1024, "1234.54", 7, "%g", 1234.54);
986 	DOTEST(1024, "123456789.54", 12, "%.12g", 123456789.54);
987 	DOTEST(1024, "3456789123456.54", 16, "%.16g", 3456789123456.54);
988 	/* %24g does not work with 24 digits, not enough accuracy,
989 	 * the first 16 digits are correct */
990 	DOTEST(1024, "12345", 5, "%3.3d", 12345);
991 	DOTEST(1024, "000", 3, "%3.3d", 0);
992 	DOTEST(1024, "001", 3, "%3.3d", 1);
993 	DOTEST(1024, "012", 3, "%3.3d", 12);
994 	DOTEST(1024, "-012", 4, "%3.3d", -12);
995 	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.2s", "hello");
996 	DOTEST(1024, "helloworld", 10, "%s%s", "hello", "world");
997 	DOTEST(1024, "he", 2, "%.*s", 2, "hello");
998 	DOTEST(1024, "  hello", 7, "%*s", 7, "hello");
999 	DOTEST(1024, "hello  ", 7, "%*s", -7, "hello");
1000 	DOTEST(1024, "0", 1, "%c", '0');
1001 	DOTEST(1024, "A", 1, "%c", 'A');
1002 	DOTEST(1024, "", 1, "%c", 0);
1003 	DOTEST(1024, "\010", 1, "%c", 8);
1004 	DOTEST(1024, "%", 1, "%%");
1005 	DOTEST(1024, "0a", 2, "%02x", 0x0a);
1006 	DOTEST(1024, "bd", 2, "%02x", 0xbd);
1007 	DOTEST(1024, "12", 2, "%02ld", (long)12);
1008 	DOTEST(1024, "02", 2, "%02ld", (long)2);
1009 	DOTEST(1024, "02", 2, "%02u", (unsigned)2);
1010 	DOTEST(1024, "765432", 6, "%05u", (unsigned)765432);
1011 	DOTEST(1024, "10.234", 6, "%0.3f", 10.23421);
1012 	DOTEST(1024, "123456.234", 10, "%0.3f", 123456.23421);
1013 	DOTEST(1024, "123456789.234", 13, "%0.3f", 123456789.23421);
1014 	DOTEST(1024, "123456.23", 9, "%.2f", 123456.23421);
1015 	DOTEST(1024, "123456", 6, "%.0f", 123456.23421);
1016 	DOTEST(1024, "0123", 4, "%.4x", 0x0123);
1017 	DOTEST(1024, "00000123", 8, "%.8x", 0x0123);
1018 	DOTEST(1024, "ffeb0cde", 8, "%.8x", 0xffeb0cde);
1019 	DOTEST(1024, " 987654321", 10, "%10lu", (unsigned long)987654321);
1020 	DOTEST(1024, "   987654321", 12, "%12lu", (unsigned long)987654321);
1021 	DOTEST(1024, "987654321", 9, "%i", 987654321);
1022 	DOTEST(1024, "-87654321", 9, "%i", -87654321);
1023 	DOTEST(1024, "hello           ", 16, "%-16s", "hello");
1024 	DOTEST(1024, "                ", 16, "%-16s", "");
1025 	DOTEST(1024, "a               ", 16, "%-16s", "a");
1026 	DOTEST(1024, "foobarfoobar    ", 16, "%-16s", "foobarfoobar");
1027 	DOTEST(1024, "foobarfoobarfoobar", 18, "%-16s", "foobarfoobarfoobar");
1028 
1029 	/* combined expressions */
1030 	DOTEST(1024, "foo 1.0 size 512 edns", 21,
1031 		"foo %s size %d %s%s", "1.0", 512, "", "edns");
1032 	DOTEST(15, "foo 1.0 size 5", 21,
1033 		"foo %s size %d %s%s", "1.0", 512, "", "edns");
1034 	DOTEST(1024, "packet 1203ceff id", 18,
1035 		"packet %2.2x%2.2x%2.2x%2.2x id", 0x12, 0x03, 0xce, 0xff);
1036 	DOTEST(1024, "/tmp/testbound_123abcd.tmp", 26, "/tmp/testbound_%u%s%s.tmp", 123, "ab", "cd");
1037 
1038 	return 0;
1039 }
1040 #endif /* SNPRINTF_TEST */
1041