1# Zones that go back beyond the scope of the tz database 2 3# This file is in the public domain. 4 5# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know 6# better, go ahead and edit it (and please send any changes to 7# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 8# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 9 10 11# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): 12 13# This file contains data outside the normal scope of the tz database, 14# in that its zones do not differ from normal tz zones after 1970. 15# Links in this file point to zones in this file, superseding links in 16# the file 'backward'. 17 18# Although zones in this file may be of some use for analyzing 19# pre-1970 timestamps, they are less reliable, cover only a tiny 20# sliver of the pre-1970 era, and cannot feasibly be improved to cover 21# most of the era. Because the zones are out of normal scope for the 22# database, less effort is put into maintaining this file. Many of 23# the zones were formerly in other source files, but were removed or 24# replaced by links as their data entries were questionable and/or they 25# differed from other zones only in pre-1970 timestamps. 26 27# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 28# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 29# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 30# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 31 32# This file is not intended to be compiled standalone, as it 33# assumes rules from other files. In the tz distribution, use 34# 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone zones' to compile and install this file. 35 36 37# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15): 38# The following remarks should be incorporated into this table sometime. 39# Patches in 'git format-patch' format would be welcome. 40# 41# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 42# ... the historical timezone data for those China zones seems to be 43# incorrect. The transition to GMT+8 date given there for these zones 44# were 1980 which also contradict the file description that they do 45# not disagree with normal zone after 1970. According to sources that 46# have also been cited in the asia file, except Xinjiang and Tibet, 47# they should have adopted the Beijing Time from around 1949/1950 48# depends on exactly when each of those cities were taken over by the 49# communist army. And they should also follow the DST setting of 50# Asia/Shanghai after that point of time. In addition, 51# http://gaz.ncl.edu.tw/detail.jsp?sysid=E1091792 the document from 52# Chongqing Nationalist government say in year 1945 all of China 53# should adopt summer time due to the war (not sure whether it 54# continued after WWII ends)(Probably only enforced in area under 55# their rule at the time?) The Asia/Harbin's 1932 and 1940 entry 56# should also be incorrect. As per sources recorded at 57# https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/%E6%BA%80%E5%B7%9E%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E6%99%82 58# , in 1932 Harbin should have adopted UTC+8:00 instead of data 59# currently listed in the tz database according to official 60# announcement from Manchuko. And they should have adopted GMT+9 in 61# 1937 January 1st according to official announcement at the time 62# being cited on the webpage. 63 64 65# Zones are sorted by zone name. Each zone is preceded by the 66# name of the country that the zone is in, along with any other 67# commentary and rules associated with the entry. 68# 69# As explained in the zic man page, the zone columns are: 70# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 71 72# Ethiopia 73# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31): 74# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a 75# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our 76# 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic. 77# 78# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time 79# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 80# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50 81# was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data entries are wrong 82# anyway. 83Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 84 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 85 3:00 - EAT 86 87# Eritrea 88Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 89 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 90 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 91 3:00 - EAT 92Link Africa/Asmara Africa/Asmera 93 94# Mali (southern) 95Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 96 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 97 -1:00 - -01 1960 Jun 20 98 0:00 - GMT 99 100# Central African Republic 101Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 102 1:00 - WAT 103 104# Gambia 105Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 106 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 107 -1:00 - -01 1964 108 0:00 - GMT 109 110# Malawi 111Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 112 2:00 - CAT 113 114# Republic of the Congo 115Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 116 1:00 - WAT 117 118# Burundi 119Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 120 2:00 - CAT 121 122# Guinea 123Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 124 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 125 -1:00 - -01 1960 126 0:00 - GMT 127 128# Senegal 129Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 130 -1:00 - -01 1941 Jun 131 0:00 - GMT 132 133# Tanzania 134Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 135 3:00 - EAT 1948 136 2:45 - +0245 1961 137 3:00 - EAT 138 139# Djibouti 140Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 141 3:00 - EAT 142 143# Cameroon 144# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 145Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 146 1:00 - WAT 147# Sierra Leone 148# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 149# The following table is from Shanks & Pottenger, but it can't be right. 150# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on. 151# The International Hydrographic Bulletin, 1932-33, p 63 says that 152# Sierra Leone would advance its clocks by 20 minutes on 1933-10-01. 153# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 154Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 -0020 155Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 -01 156Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 +01 157Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 158Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 159 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 160 -1:00 SL %s 1957 161 0:00 SL GMT/+01 162 163# Botswana 164# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 165# Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; 166# assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. 167Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 168 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 169 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 170 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 171 2:00 - CAT 172 173# Zimbabwe 174Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 175 2:00 - CAT 176 177# Uganda 178Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 179 3:00 - EAT 1930 180 2:30 - +0230 1948 181 2:45 - +0245 1957 182 3:00 - EAT 183 184# Rwanda 185Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 186 2:00 - CAT 187 188# Democratic Republic of the Congo (west) 189Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 190 1:00 - WAT 191 192# Gabon 193Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 194 1:00 - WAT 195 196# Togo 197Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 198 0:00 - GMT 199 200# Angola 201# 202# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 203# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 204# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 205# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 206# 207Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 208 0:52:04 - LMT 1911 Dec 31 23:00u # Luanda MT? 209 1:00 - WAT 210 211# Democratic Republic of the Congo (east) 212Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 213 2:00 - CAT 214 215# Zambia 216Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 217 2:00 - CAT 218 219# Equatorial Guinea 220# 221# Although Shanks says that Malabo switched from UT +00 to +01 on 1963-12-15, 222# a Google Books search says that London Calling, Issues 432-465 (1948), p 19, 223# says that Spanish Guinea was at +01 back then. The Shanks data entries 224# are most likely wrong, but we have nothing better; use them here for now. 225# 226Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 227 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 228 1:00 - WAT 229 230# Lesotho 231Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 232 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 233 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 234 2:00 - SAST 235 236# Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 237Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 238 2:00 - SAST 239 240# Somalia 241Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 242 3:00 - EAT 1931 243 2:30 - +0230 1957 244 3:00 - EAT 245 246# Niger 247Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 248 -1:00 - -01 1934 Feb 26 249 0:00 - GMT 1960 250 1:00 - WAT 251 252# Mauritania 253Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 254 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 255 -1:00 - -01 1960 Nov 28 256 0:00 - GMT 257 258# Burkina Faso 259Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 260 0:00 - GMT 261 262# Benin 263# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 264# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 265Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 266 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 267 1:00 - WAT 268 269# Mali (northern) 270Zone Africa/Timbuktu -0:12:04 - LMT 1912 271 0:00 - GMT 272 273# Anguilla 274Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 275 -4:00 - AST 276 277# Antigua and Barbuda 278Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 279 -5:00 - EST 1951 280 -4:00 - AST 281 282# Chubut, Argentina 283# The name "Comodoro Rivadavia" exceeds the 14-byte POSIX limit. 284Zone America/Argentina/ComodRivadavia -4:30:00 - LMT 1894 Oct 31 285 -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May 286 -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec 287 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5 288 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Mar 3 289 -4:00 - -04 1991 Oct 20 290 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1999 Oct 3 291 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3 292 -3:00 - -03 2004 Jun 1 293 -4:00 - -04 2004 Jun 20 294 -3:00 - -03 295 296# Aruba 297Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad 298 -4:30 - -0430 1965 299 -4:00 - AST 300 301# Cayman Is 302Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown 303 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time 304 -5:00 - EST 305 306# United States 307# 308# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18): 309# America/Chillicothe would be tricky, as it was a city of two-timers: 310# "To prevent a constant mixup at Chillicothe, caused by the courthouse 311# clock running on central time and the city running on 'daylight saving' 312# time, a third hand was added to the dial of the courthouse clock." 313# -- Ohio news in brief. The Cedarville Herald. 1920-05-21;43(21):1 (col. 5) 314# https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cedarville_herald/794 315 316# Canada 317Zone America/Coral_Harbour -5:32:40 - LMT 1884 318 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1946 319 -5:00 - EST 320 321# Dominica 322Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau 323 -4:00 - AST 324 325# Baja California 326# See 'northamerica' for why this entry is here rather than there. 327Zone America/Ensenada -7:46:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:13:32 328 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00 329 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 16 330 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 331 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14 332 -8:00 - PST 1996 333 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 334 335# Grenada 336Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's 337 -4:00 - AST 338 339# Guadeloupe 340Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe-à-Pitre 341 -4:00 - AST 342 343# Canada 344# 345# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24): 346# Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto; see 347# America/Toronto. However, earlier versions of the tz database 348# mistakenly relied on data from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec 349# differed from Ontario after 1970, and the following rules and zone 350# were created for most of Quebec from the incorrect Shanks & 351# Pottenger data. The post-1970 entries have been corrected, but the 352# pre-1970 entries are unchecked and probably have errors. 353# 354# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 355Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D 356Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S 357Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D 358Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S 359Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D 360Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S 361Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D 362Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D 363Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D 364Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S 365Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D 366Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D 367Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S 368Rule Mont 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D 369Rule Mont 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S 370Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D 371Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 372Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 373Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S 374Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 375Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884 376 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918 377 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919 378 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s 379 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946 380 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974 381 -5:00 Canada E%sT 382 383# Montserrat 384# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 385# In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital. 386# world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now. 387Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill 388 -4:00 - AST 389 390# United States 391# 392# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-18): 393# America/Palm_Springs would be tricky, as it kept two sets of clocks 394# in 1946/7. See the following notes. 395# 396# From Steve Allen (2018-01-19): 397# The shadow of Mt. San Jacinto brings darkness very early in the winter 398# months. In 1946 the chamber of commerce decided to put the clocks of Palm 399# Springs forward by an hour in the winter. 400# https://www.desertsun.com/story/life/2017/12/27/palm-springs-struggle-daylight-savings-time-and-idea-sun-time/984416001/ 401# Desert Sun, Number 18, 1 November 1946 402# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461101 403# has proposal for meeting on front page and page 21. 404# Desert Sun, Number 19, 5 November 1946 405# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19461105 406# reports that Sun Time won at the meeting on front page and page 5. 407# Desert Sun, Number 37, 7 January 1947 408# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470107.2.12 409# front page reports request to abandon Sun Time and page 7 notes a "class war". 410# Desert Sun, Number 38, 10 January 1947 411# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=DS19470110 412# front page reports on end. 413 414# Argentina 415# This entry was intended for the following areas, but has been superseded by 416# more detailed zones. 417# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Ríos (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC), 418# Formosa (FM), La Pampa (LP), Chubut (CH) 419Zone America/Rosario -4:02:40 - LMT 1894 Nov 420 -4:16:44 - CMT 1920 May 421 -4:00 - -04 1930 Dec 422 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 1969 Oct 5 423 -3:00 Arg -03/-02 1991 Jul 424 -3:00 - -03 1999 Oct 3 0:00 425 -4:00 Arg -04/-03 2000 Mar 3 0:00 426 -3:00 - -03 427 428# St Kitts-Nevis 429Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre 430 -4:00 - AST 431 432# St Lucia 433Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries 434 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time 435 -4:00 - AST 436 437# Virgin Is 438Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie 439 -4:00 - AST 440 441# St Vincent and the Grenadines 442Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown 443 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time 444 -4:00 - AST 445 446# British Virgin Is 447Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town 448 -4:00 - AST 449 450# McMurdo, Ross Island, since 1955-12 451Zone Antarctica/McMurdo 0 - -00 1956 452 12:00 NZ NZ%sT 453Link Antarctica/McMurdo Antarctica/South_Pole 454 455# Yemen 456# Milne says 2:59:54 was the meridian of the saluting battery at Aden, 457# and that Yemen was at 1:55:56, the meridian of the Hagia Sophia. 458Zone Asia/Aden 2:59:54 - LMT 1950 459 3:00 - +03 460 461# Bahrain 462# 463# From Paul Eggert (2020-07-23): 464# Most of this data comes from: 465# Stewart A. Why Gulf Standard Time is far from standard: the fascinating story 466# behind the time zone's invention. The National (Abu Dhabi). 2020-07-22. 467# https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/why-gulf-standard-time-is-far-from-standard-the-fascinating-story-behind-the-time-zone-s-invention-1.1052589 468# Stewart writes that before 1941 some companies in Bahrain were at +0330 and 469# others at +0323. Reginald George Alban, a British political agent based in 470# Manama, worked to standardize this, and from 1941-07-20 Bahrain was at 471# +0330. However, BOAC asked that clocks be moved to gain more light at day's 472# end, so Bahrain switched to +04 on 1944-01-01. 473# 474# Re the 1941 transition, Stewart privately sent me this citation: 475# "File 16/53 Enquiries Re: Calculation of Local Time", British Library: India 476# Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/1564, in Qatar Digital Library 477# https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100000000282.0x00012b 478# It says there was no real standard in Bahrain before 1941-07-20. 479# +0330 was used by steamers of the British India Co, by Petroleum Concessions 480# and by Cable & Wireless; +0323 was used by the Eastern Bank Ltd, BOAC, and 481# Bahrein Petroleum (Bapco), and California Arabian Standard Oil Co (Casoc) 482# adopted DST effective 1941-05-24. Alban suggested adopting DST, R.B. Coomb 483# of C&W countersuggested +0330, and although C.A. Rodstrom of Casoc (formerly 484# of Bapco) stated that Bahrain had formerly used +0330 before Bapco arrived 485# but Bapco switched to +0323 because of "constant confusion", the consensus 486# was +0330. The government adopted +0330 in 1941-07-20 and companies seem to 487# have switched by 08-01. No time of day was given for the 1940s transitions. 488Zone Asia/Bahrain 3:22:20 - LMT 1941 Jul 20 # Manamah 489 3:30 - +0330 1944 Jan 1 490 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 491 3:00 - +03 492 493# India 494# 495# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 496# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 305 says that Madras 497# civil time was 5:20:57.3. 498# 499# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-21): 500# In tomorrow's The Hindu, Nitya Menon reports that India had two civil time 501# zones starting in 1884, one in Bombay and one in Calcutta, and that railways 502# used a third time zone based on Madras time (80° 18' 30" E). Also, 503# in 1881 Bombay briefly switched to Madras time, but switched back. See: 504# http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/madras-375-when-madras-clocked-the-time/article6339393.ece 505#Zone Asia/Chennai [not enough info to complete] 506 507# China 508# Long-shu Time (probably due to Long and Shu being two names of that area) 509# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 510# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; west Qinghai; and the Guangdong 511# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 512# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 513Zone Asia/Chongqing 7:06:20 - LMT 1928 # or Chungking 514 7:00 - +07 1980 May 515 8:00 PRC C%sT 516Link Asia/Chongqing Asia/Chungking 517 518# Vietnam 519# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13): 520# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for this data. 521# Trần's book says the 1954-55 transition to 07:00 in Hanoi was in 522# October 1954, with exact date and time unspecified. 523Zone Asia/Hanoi 7:03:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 524 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 525 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 526 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 527 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 528 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 529 8:00 - +08 1954 Oct 530 7:00 - +07 531 532# China 533# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) 534# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 535Zone Asia/Harbin 8:26:44 - LMT 1928 # or Haerbin 536 8:30 - +0830 1932 Mar 537 8:00 - CST 1940 538 9:00 - +09 1966 May 539 8:30 - +0830 1980 May 540 8:00 PRC C%sT 541 542# far west China 543Zone Asia/Kashgar 5:03:56 - LMT 1928 # or Kashi or Kaxgar 544 5:30 - +0530 1940 545 5:00 - +05 1980 May 546 8:00 PRC C%sT 547 548# Kuwait 549Zone Asia/Kuwait 3:11:56 - LMT 1950 550 3:00 - +03 551 552 553# Oman 554# Milne says 3:54:24 was the meridian of the Muscat Tidal Observatory. 555Zone Asia/Muscat 3:54:24 - LMT 1920 556 4:00 - +04 557 558# India 559# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: 560# According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) 561# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 562# Portuguese India switched to UT +05 on 1912-01-01. 563#Zone Asia/Panaji [not enough info to complete] 564 565# Cambodia 566 567# From an adoptive daughter of the late Cambodian ruler Prince Sihanouk, 568# via Alois Treindl (2019-08-08): 569# 570# King Sihanouk said that, during the Japanese occupation, starting with 571# what historians refer to as "le coup de force du 9 mars 1945", Cambodia, 572# like the entire French Indochina, used Tokyo time zone. After Japan 573# surrendered, 2 September 1945, Cambodia fell under French rule again and 574# adopted Hanoi time zone again. 575# 576# However, on 7 January 1946, Sihanouk and Tioulong managed to obtain a 577# status of "internal autonomy" from the government of Charles de Gaulle. 578# Although many fields remained under the administration of the French 579# (customs, taxes, justice, defence, foreign affairs, etc.), the Cambodian 580# administration was responsible for religious matters and traditional 581# celebrations, which included our calendar and time. The time zone was GMT 582# + 7 and _no_ DST was applied. 583# 584# After Sihanouk and Tioulong achieved full independence, on 9 November 1953, 585# GMT + 7 was maintained. 586 587# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26): 588# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of rest of this data. 589 590Zone Asia/Phnom_Penh 6:59:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 591 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 592 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 593 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 594 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 595 7:00 - +07 596 597# Israel 598Zone Asia/Tel_Aviv 2:19:04 - LMT 1880 599 2:21 - JMT 1918 600 2:00 Zion I%sT 601 602# Laos 603# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-11): 604# See Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh for the source for most of this data. 605# Trần's book says that Laos reverted to UT +07 on 1955-04-15. 606# Also, guess that Laos reverted to +07 on 1945-09-02, when Vietnam did; 607# this is probably wrong but it's better than guessing no transition. 608Zone Asia/Vientiane 6:50:24 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 609 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 610 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 611 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 612 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 613 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 614 8:00 - +08 1955 Apr 15 615 7:00 - +07 616 617# Jan Mayen 618# From Whitman: 619Zone Atlantic/Jan_Mayen -1:00 - -01 620 621# St Helena 622Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 623 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 624 0:00 - GMT 625 626# King Island 627Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep 628 10:00 AT AE%sT 1919 Oct 24 629 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1968 Oct 15 630 10:00 AT AE%sT 631 632# Northern Ireland 633Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 634 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 635 # DMT = Dublin/Dunsink MT 636 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s 637 # IST = Irish Summer Time 638 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 639 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 640 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 641 0:00 EU GMT/BST 642 643# Guernsey 644# Data from Joseph S. Myers 645# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html 646# References to be added 647# LMT is for Town Church, St. Peter Port, 49° 27' 17" N, 2° 32' 10" W. 648Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 649 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 650 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 651 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 652 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 653 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 654 0:00 EU GMT/BST 655 656# Isle of Man 657# 658# From Lester Caine (2013-09-04): 659# The Isle of Man legislation is now on-line at 660# <https://www.legislation.gov.im>, starting with the original Statutory 661# Time Act in 1883 and including additional confirmation of some of 662# the dates of the 'Summer Time' orders originating at 663# Westminster. There is a little uncertainty as to the starting date 664# of the first summer time in 1916 which may have been announced a 665# couple of days late. There is still a substantial number of 666# documents to work through, but it is thought that every GB change 667# was also implemented on the island. 668# 669# AT4 of 1883 - The Statutory Time et cetera Act 1883 - 670# LMT Location - 54.1508N -4.4814E - Tynwald Hill ( Manx parliament ) 671Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s 672 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 673 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 674 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 675 0:00 EU GMT/BST 676 677# Jersey 678# Data from Joseph S. Myers 679# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2013-September/019883.html 680# References to be added 681# LMT is for Parish Church, St. Helier, 49° 11' 0.57" N, 2° 6' 24.33" W. 682Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 683 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 684 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 685 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 686 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 687 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 688 0:00 EU GMT/BST 689 690# Slovenia 691Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 692 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 693 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 694 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 695 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 696 1:00 EU CE%sT 697 698# Bosnia and Herzegovina 699Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 700 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 701 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 702 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 703 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 704 1:00 EU CE%sT 705 706# North Macedonia 707Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 708 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 709 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 710 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 711 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 712 1:00 EU CE%sT 713 714# Moldova / Transnistria 715Zone Europe/Tiraspol 1:58:32 - LMT 1880 716 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 717 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 718 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 719 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 720 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 721 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 722 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00 723 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 724 725# Liechtenstein 726Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 727 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 728 1:00 EU CE%sT 729 730# Croatia 731Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 732 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 733 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 734 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 735 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 736 1:00 EU CE%sT 737 738# Madagascar 739Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 740 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 741 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 742 3:00 - EAT 743 744# Comoros 745Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 746 3:00 - EAT 747 748# Mayotte 749Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 750 3:00 - EAT 751 752# US minor outlying islands 753Zone Pacific/Johnston -10:00 - HST 754 755# US minor outlying islands 756# 757# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23): 758# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies, 759# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3] 760# reproduced a Pan American Airways timetable from 1936, for their weekly 761# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting 762# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone 763# designations that I've never seen before:.... 764# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun. 765# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A " 766# 767Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901 768 -11:00 - -11 1956 Jun 3 769 -11:00 1:00 -10 1956 Sep 2 770 -11:00 - -11 771 772# N Mariana Is 773Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 774 9:43:00 - LMT 1901 775 9:00 - +09 1969 Oct 776 10:00 - +10 2000 Dec 23 777 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time 778