xref: /freebsd/contrib/tzcode/NEWS (revision 55141f2c8991b2a6adbf30bb0fe3e6cbc303f06d)
1News for the tz database
2
3Release 2023c - 2023-03-28 12:42:14 -0700
4
5  Changes to past and future timestamps
6
7    Model Lebanon's DST chaos by reverting data to tzdb 2023a.
8    (Thanks to Rany Hany for the heads-up.)
9
10
11Release 2023b - 2023-03-23 19:50:38 -0700
12
13  Changes to future timestamps
14
15    This year Lebanon springs forward April 20/21 not March 25/26.
16    (Thanks to Saadallah Itani.)  [This was reverted in 2023c.]
17
18
19Release 2023a - 2023-03-22 12:39:33 -0700
20
21  Briefly:
22    Egypt now uses DST again, from April through October.
23    This year Morocco springs forward April 23, not April 30.
24    Palestine delays the start of DST this year.
25    Much of Greenland still uses DST from 2024 on.
26    America/Yellowknife now links to America/Edmonton.
27    tzselect can now use current time to help infer timezone.
28    The code now defaults to C99 or later.
29    Fix use of C23 attributes.
30
31  Changes to future timestamps
32
33    Starting in 2023, Egypt will observe DST from April's last Friday
34    through October's last Thursday.  (Thanks to Ahmad ElDardiry.)
35    Assume the transition times are 00:00 and 24:00, respectively.
36
37    In 2023 Morocco's spring-forward transition after Ramadan
38    will occur April 23, not April 30.  (Thanks to Milamber.)
39    Adjust predictions for future years accordingly.  This affects
40    predictions for 2023, 2031, 2038, and later years.
41
42    This year Palestine will delay its spring forward from
43    March 25 to April 29 due to Ramadan.  (Thanks to Heba Hamad.)
44    Make guesses for future Ramadans too.
45
46    Much of Greenland, represented by America/Nuuk, will continue to
47    observe DST using European Union rules.  When combined with
48    Greenland's decision not to change the clocks in fall 2023,
49    America/Nuuk therefore changes from -03/-02 to -02/-01 effective
50    2023-10-29 at 01:00 UTC.  (Thanks to Thomas M. Steenholdt.)
51    This change from 2022g doesn't affect timestamps until 2024-03-30,
52    and doesn't affect tm_isdst until 2023-03-25.
53
54  Changes to past timestamps
55
56    America/Yellowknife has changed from a Zone to a backward
57    compatibility Link, as it no longer differs from America/Edmonton
58    since 1970.  (Thanks to Almaz Mingaleev.)  This affects some
59    pre-1948 timestamps.  The old data are now in 'backzone'.
60
61  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
62
63    When observing Moscow time, Europe/Kirov and Europe/Volgograd now
64    use the abbreviations MSK/MSD instead of numeric abbreviations,
65    for consistency with other timezones observing Moscow time.
66
67  Changes to code
68
69    You can now tell tzselect local time, to simplify later choices.
70    Select the 'time' option in its first prompt.
71
72    You can now compile with -DTZNAME_MAXIMUM=N to limit time zone
73    abbreviations to N bytes (default 255).  The reference runtime
74    library now rejects POSIX-style TZ strings that contain longer
75    abbreviations, treating them as UTC.  Previously the limit was
76    platform dependent and abbreviations were silently truncated to
77    16 bytes even when the limit was greater than 16.
78
79    The code by default is now designed for C99 or later.  To build in
80    a C89 environment, compile with -DPORT_TO_C89.  To support C89
81    callers of the tzcode library, compile with -DSUPPORT_C89.  The
82    two new macros are transitional aids planned to be removed in a
83    future version, when C99 or later will be required.
84
85    The code now builds again on pre-C99 platforms, if you compile
86    with -DPORT_TO_C89.  This fixes a bug introduced in 2022f.
87
88    On C23-compatible platforms tzcode no longer uses syntax like
89    'static [[noreturn]] void usage(void);'.  Instead, it uses
90    '[[noreturn]] static void usage(void);' as strict C23 requires.
91    (Problem reported by Houge Langley.)
92
93    The code's functions now constrain their arguments with the C
94    'restrict' keyword consistently with their documentation.
95    This may allow future optimizations.
96
97    zdump again builds standalone with ckdadd and without setenv,
98    fixing a bug introduced in 2022g.  (Problem reported by panic.)
99
100    leapseconds.awk can now process a leap seconds file that never
101    expires; this might be useful if leap seconds are discontinued.
102
103  Changes to commentary
104
105    tz-link.html has a new section "Coordinating with governments and
106    distributors".  (Thanks to Neil Fuller for some of the text.)
107
108    To improve tzselect diagnostics, zone1970.tab's comments column is
109    now limited to countries that have multiple timezones.
110
111    Note that leap seconds are planned to be discontinued by 2035.
112
113
114Release 2022g - 2022-11-29 08:58:31 -0800
115
116  Briefly:
117    The northern edge of Chihuahua changes to US timekeeping.
118    Much of Greenland stops changing clocks after March 2023.
119    Fix some pre-1996 timestamps in northern Canada.
120    C89 is now deprecated; please use C99 or later.
121    Portability fixes for AIX, libintl, MS-Windows, musl, z/OS
122    In C code, use more C23 features if available.
123    C23 timegm now supported by default
124    Fixes for unlikely integer overflows
125
126  Changes to future timestamps
127
128    In the Mexican state of Chihuahua, the border strip near the US
129    will change to agree with nearby US locations on 2022-11-30.
130    The strip's western part, represented by Ciudad Juárez, switches
131    from -06 all year to -07/-06 with US DST rules, like El Paso, TX.
132    The eastern part, represented by Ojinaga, will observe US DST next
133    year, like Presidio, TX.  (Thanks to Heitor David Pinto.)
134    A new Zone America/Ciudad_Juarez splits from America/Ojinaga.
135
136    Much of Greenland, represented by America/Nuuk, stops observing
137    winter time after March 2023, so its daylight saving time becomes
138    standard time.  (Thanks to Jonas Nyrup and Jürgen Appel.)
139
140  Changes to past timestamps
141
142    Changes for pre-1996 northern Canada (thanks to Chris Walton):
143
144      Merge America/Iqaluit and America/Pangnirtung into the former,
145      with a backward compatibility link for the latter name.
146      There is no good evidence the two locations differ since 1970.
147      This change affects pre-1996 America/Pangnirtung timestamps.
148
149      Cambridge Bay, Inuvik, Iqaluit, Rankin Inlet, Resolute and
150      Yellowknife did not observe DST in 1965, and did observe DST
151      from 1972 through 1979.
152
153      Whitehorse moved from -09 to -08 on 1966-02-27, not 1967-05-28.
154
155    Colombia's 1993 fallback was 02-06 24:00, not 04-04 00:00.
156    (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
157
158    Singapore's 1981-12-31 change was at 16:00 UTC (23:30 local time),
159    not 24:00 local time.  (Thanks to Geoff Clare via Robert Elz.)
160
161  Changes to code
162
163    Although tzcode still works with C89, bugs found in recent routine
164    maintenance indicate that bitrot has set in and that in practice
165    C89 is no longer used to build tzcode.  As it is a maintenance
166    burden, support for C89 is planned to be removed soon.  Instead,
167    please use compilers compatible with C99, C11, C17, or C23.
168
169    timegm, which tzcode implemented in 1989, will finally be
170    standardized 34 years later as part of C23, so timegm is now
171    supported even if STD_INSPIRED is not defined.
172
173    Fix bug in zdump's tzalloc emulation on hosts that lack tm_zone.
174    (Problem reported by Đoàn Trần Công Danh.)
175
176    Fix bug in zic on hosts where malloc(0) yields NULL on success.
177    (Problem reported by Tim McBrayer for AIX 6.1.)
178
179    Fix zic configuration to avoid linkage failures on some platforms.
180    (Problems reported by Gilmore Davidson and Igor Ivanov.)
181
182    Work around MS-Windows nmake incompatibility with POSIX.
183    (Problem reported by Manuela Friedrich.)
184
185    Port mktime and strftime to debugging platforms where accessing
186    uninitialized data has undefined behavior (strftime problem
187    reported by Robert Elz).
188
189    Check more carefully for unlikely integer overflows, preferring
190    C23 <stdckdint.h> to overflow checking by hand, as the latter has
191    had obscure bugs.
192
193  Changes to build procedure
194
195    New Makefile rule check_mild that skips checking whether Link
196    lines are in the file 'backward'.  (Inspired by a suggestion from
197    Stephen Colebourne.)
198
199
200Release 2022f - 2022-10-28 18:04:57 -0700
201
202  Briefly:
203    Mexico will no longer observe DST except near the US border.
204    Chihuahua moves to year-round -06 on 2022-10-30.
205    Fiji no longer observes DST.
206    Move links to 'backward'.
207    In vanguard form, GMT is now a Zone and Etc/GMT a link.
208    zic now supports links to links, and vanguard form uses this.
209    Simplify four Ontario zones.
210    Fix a Y2438 bug when reading TZif data.
211    Enable 64-bit time_t on 32-bit glibc platforms.
212    Omit large-file support when no longer needed.
213    In C code, use some C23 features if available.
214    Remove no-longer-needed workaround for Qt bug 53071.
215
216  Changes to future timestamps
217
218    Mexico will no longer observe DST after 2022, except for areas
219    near the US border that continue to observe US DST rules.
220    On 2022-10-30 at 02:00 the Mexican state of Chihuahua moves
221    from -07 (-06 with DST) to year-round -06, thus not changing
222    its clocks that day.  The new law states that Chihuahua
223    near the US border no longer observes US DST.
224    (Thanks to gera for the heads-up about Chihuahua.)
225
226    Fiji will not observe DST in 2022/3.  (Thanks to Shalvin Narayan.)
227    For now, assume DST is suspended indefinitely.
228
229  Changes to data
230
231    Move links to 'backward' to ease and simplify link maintenance.
232    This affects generated data only if you use 'make BACKWARD='.
233
234    GMT is now a Zone and Etc/GMT a link instead of vice versa,
235    as GMT is needed for leap second support whereas Etc/GMT is not.
236    However, this change exposes a bug in TZUpdater 2.3.2 so it is
237    present only in vanguard form for now.
238
239    Vanguard form now uses links to links, as zic now supports this.
240
241  Changes to past timestamps
242
243    Simplify four Ontario zones, as most of the post-1970 differences
244    seem to have been imaginary.  (Problem reported by Chris Walton.)
245    Move America/Nipigon, America/Rainy_River, and America/Thunder_Bay
246    to 'backzone'; backward-compatibility links still work, albeit
247    with some different timestamps before November 2005.
248
249  Changes to code
250
251    zic now supports links to links regardless of input line order.
252    For example, if Australia/Sydney is a Zone, the lines
253      Link Australia/Canberra Australia/ACT
254      Link Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra
255    now work correctly, even though the shell commands
256      ln Australia/Canberra Australia/ACT
257      ln Australia/Sydney Australia/Canberra
258    would fail because the first command attempts to use a link
259    Australia/Canberra that does not exist until after the second
260    command is executed.  Previously, zic had unspecified behavior if
261    a Link line's target was another link, and zic often misbehaved if
262    a Link line's target was a later Link line.
263
264    Fix line number in zic's diagnostic for a link to a link.
265
266    Fix a bug that caused localtime to mishandle timestamps starting
267    in the year 2438 when reading data generated by 'zic -b fat' when
268    distant-future DST transitions occur at times given in standard
269    time or in UT, not the usual case of local time.  This occurs when
270    the corresponding .zi Rule lines specify DST transitions with TO
271    columns of 'max' and AT columns that end in 's' or 'u'.  The
272    number 2438 comes from the 32-bit limit in the year 2038, plus the
273    400-year Gregorian cycle.  (Problem reported by Bradley White.)
274
275    On glibc 2.34 and later, which optionally supports 64-bit time_t
276    on platforms like x86 where time_t was traditionally 32 bits,
277    default time_t to 64 instead of 32 bits.  This lets functions like
278    localtime support timestamps after the year 2038, and fixes
279    year-2038 problems in zic when accessing files dated after 2038.
280    To continue to limit time_t to 32 bits on these platforms, use
281    "make CFLAGS='-D_TIME_BITS=32'".
282
283    In C code, do not enable large-file support on platforms like AIX
284    and macOS that no longer need it now that tzcode does not use
285    off_t or related functions like 'stat'.  Large-file support is
286    still enabled by default on GNU/Linux, as it is needed for 64-bit
287    time_t support.
288
289    In C code, prefer C23 keywords to pre-C23 macros for alignof,
290    bool, false, and true.  Also, use the following C23 features if
291    available: __has_include, unreachable.
292
293    zic no longer works around Qt bug 53071, as the relevant Qt
294    releases have been out of support since 2019.  This change affects
295    only fat TZif files, as thin files never had the workaround.
296
297    zdump no longer modifies the environ vector when compiled on
298    platforms lacking tm_zone or when compiled with -DUSE_LTZ=0.
299    This avoid undefined behavior on POSIX platforms.
300
301
302Release 2022e - 2022-10-11 11:13:02 -0700
303
304  Briefly:
305    Jordan and Syria switch from +02/+03 with DST to year-round +03.
306
307  Changes to future timestamps
308
309    Jordan and Syria are abandoning the DST regime and are changing to
310    permanent +03, so they will not fall back from +03 to +02 on
311    2022-10-28.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Issam Al-Zuwairi.)
312
313  Changes to past timestamps
314
315    On 1922-01-01 Tijuana adopted standard time at 00:00, not 01:00.
316
317  Changes to past time zone abbreviations and DST flags
318
319    The temporary advancement of clocks in central Mexico in summer
320    1931 is now treated as daylight saving time, instead of as two
321    changes to standard time.
322
323
324Release 2022d - 2022-09-23 12:02:57 -0700
325
326  Briefly:
327    Palestine transitions are now Saturdays at 02:00.
328    Simplify three Ukraine zones into one.
329
330  Changes to future timestamps
331
332    Palestine now springs forward and falls back at 02:00 on the
333    first Saturday on or after March 24 and October 24, respectively.
334    This means 2022 falls back 10-29 at 02:00, not 10-28 at 01:00.
335    (Thanks to Heba Hamad.)
336
337  Changes to past timestamps
338
339    Simplify three Ukraine zones to one, since the post-1970
340    differences seem to have been imaginary.  Move Europe/Uzhgorod and
341    Europe/Zaporozhye to 'backzone'; backward-compatibility links
342    still work, albeit with different timestamps before October 1991.
343
344
345Release 2022c - 2022-08-15 17:47:18 -0700
346
347  Briefly:
348    Work around awk bug in FreeBSD, macOS, etc.
349    Improve tzselect on intercontinental Zones.
350
351  Changes to code
352
353    Work around a bug in onetrueawk that broke commands like
354    'make traditional_tarballs' on FreeBSD, macOS, etc.
355    (Problem reported by Deborah Goldsmith.)
356
357    Add code to tzselect that uses experimental structured comments in
358    zone1970.tab to clarify whether Zones like Africa/Abidjan and
359    Europe/Istanbul cross continent or ocean boundaries.
360    (Inspired by a problem reported by Peter Krefting.)
361
362    Fix bug with 'zic -d /a/b/c' when /a is unwritable but the
363    directory /a/b already exists.
364
365    Remove zoneinfo2tdf.pl, as it was unused and triggered false
366    malware alarms on some email servers.
367
368
369Release 2022b - 2022-08-10 15:38:32 -0700
370
371  Briefly:
372    Chile's DST is delayed by a week in September 2022.
373    Iran no longer observes DST after 2022.
374    Rename Europe/Kiev to Europe/Kyiv.
375    New zic -R option
376    Vanguard form now uses %z.
377    Finish moving duplicate-since-1970 zones to 'backzone'.
378    New build option PACKRATLIST
379    New tailored_tarballs target, replacing rearguard_tarballs
380
381  Changes to future timestamps
382
383    Chile's 2022 DST start is delayed from September 4 to September 11.
384    (Thanks to Juan Correa.)
385
386    Iran plans to stop observing DST permanently, after it falls back
387    on 2022-09-21.  (Thanks to Ali Mirjamali.)
388
389  Changes to past timestamps
390
391    Finish moving to 'backzone' the location-based zones whose
392    timestamps since 1970 are duplicates; adjust links accordingly.
393    This change ordinarily affects only pre-1970 timestamps, and with
394    the new PACKRATLIST option it does not affect any timestamps.
395    In this round the affected zones are Antarctica/Vostok,
396    Asia/Brunei, Asia/Kuala_Lumpur, Atlantic/Reykjavik,
397    Europe/Amsterdam, Europe/Copenhagen, Europe/Luxembourg,
398    Europe/Monaco, Europe/Oslo, Europe/Stockholm, Indian/Christmas,
399    Indian/Cocos, Indian/Kerguelen, Indian/Mahe, Indian/Reunion,
400    Pacific/Chuuk, Pacific/Funafuti, Pacific/Majuro, Pacific/Pohnpei,
401    Pacific/Wake and Pacific/Wallis, and the affected links are
402    Arctic/Longyearbyen, Atlantic/Jan_Mayen, Iceland, Pacific/Ponape,
403    Pacific/Truk, and Pacific/Yap.
404
405    From fall 1994 through fall 1995, Shanks wrote that Crimea's
406    DST transitions were at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00.
407    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
408
409    Iran adopted standard time in 1935, not 1946.  In 1977 it observed
410    DST from 03-21 23:00 to 10-20 24:00; its 1978 transitions were on
411    03-24 and 08-05, not 03-20 and 10-20; and its spring 1979
412    transition was on 05-27, not 03-21.
413    (Thanks to Roozbeh Pournader and Francis Santoni.)
414
415    Chile's observance of -04 from 1946-08-29 through 1947-03-31 was
416    considered DST, not standard time.  Santiago and environs had moved
417    their clocks back to rejoin the rest of mainland Chile; put this
418    change at the end of 1946-08-28.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
419
420    Some old, small clock transitions have been removed, as people at
421    the time did not change their clocks.  This affects Asia/Hong_Kong
422    in 1904, Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh in 1906, and Europe/Dublin in 1880.
423
424  Changes to zone name
425
426    Rename Europe/Kiev to Europe/Kyiv, as "Kyiv" is more common in
427    English now.  Spelling of other names in Ukraine has not yet
428    demonstrably changed in common English practice so for now these
429    names retain old spellings, as in other countries (e.g.,
430    Europe/Prague not "Praha", and Europe/Sofia not "Sofiya").
431
432  Changes to code
433
434    zic has a new option '-R @N' to output explicit transitions < N.
435    (Need suggested by Almaz Mingaleev.)
436
437    'zic -r @N' no longer outputs bad data when N < first transition.
438    (Problem introduced in 2021d and reported by Peter Krefting.)
439
440    zic now checks its input for NUL bytes and unterminated lines, and
441    now supports input line lengths up to 2048 (not 512) bytes.
442
443    gmtime and related code now use the abbreviation "UTC" not "GMT".
444    POSIX is being revised to require this.
445
446    When tzset and related functions set vestigial static variables
447    like tzname, they now prefer specified timestamps to unspecified ones.
448    (Problem reported by Almaz Mingaleev.)
449
450    zic no longer complains "can't determine time zone abbreviation to
451    use just after until time" when a transition to a new standard
452    time occurs simultaneously with the first DST fallback transition.
453
454  Changes to build procedure
455
456    Source data in vanguard form now uses the %z notation, introduced
457    in release 2015f.  For example, for America/Sao_Paulo vanguard
458    form contains the zone continuation line "-3:00 Brazil %z", which
459    is simpler and more reliable than the line "-3:00 Brazil -03/-02"
460    used in main and rearguard forms.  The plan is for the main form
461    to use %z eventually; in the meantime maintainers of zi parsers
462    are encouraged to test the parsers on vanguard.zi.
463
464    The Makefile has a new PACKRATLIST option to select a subset of
465    'backzone'.  For example, 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone
466    PACKRATLIST=zone.tab' now generates TZif files identical to those
467    of the global-tz project.
468
469    The Makefile has a new tailored_tarballs target for generating
470    special-purpose tarballs.  It generalizes and replaces the
471    rearguard_tarballs target and related targets and macros, which
472    are now obsolescent.
473
474    'make install' now defaults LOCALTIME to Factory not GMT,
475    which means the default abbreviation is now "-00" not "GMT".
476
477    Remove the posix_packrat target, marked obsolescent in 2016a.
478
479
480Release 2022a - 2022-03-15 23:02:01 -0700
481
482  Briefly:
483    Palestine will spring forward on 2022-03-27, not -03-26.
484    zdump -v now outputs better failure indications.
485    Bug fixes for code that reads corrupted TZif data.
486
487  Changes to future timestamps
488
489    Palestine will spring forward on 2022-03-27, not 2022-03-26.
490    (Thanks to Heba Hamad.)  Predict future transitions for first
491    Sunday >= March 25.  Additionally, predict fallbacks to be the first
492    Friday on or after October 23, not October's last Friday, to be more
493    consistent with recent practice.  The first differing fallback
494    prediction is on 2025-10-24, not 2025-10-31.
495
496  Changes to past timestamps
497
498    From 1992 through spring 1996, Ukraine's DST transitions were at
499    02:00 standard time, not at 01:00 UTC.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
500
501    Chile's Santiago Mean Time and its LMT precursor have been adjusted
502    eastward by 1 second to align with past and present law.
503
504  Changes to commentary
505
506    Add several references for Chile's 1946/1947 transitions, some of
507    which only affected portions of the country.
508
509  Changes to code
510
511    Fix bug when mktime gets confused by truncated TZif files with
512    unspecified local time.  (Problem reported by Almaz Mingaleev.)
513
514    Fix bug when 32-bit time_t code reads malformed 64-bit TZif data.
515    (Problem reported by Christos Zoulas.)
516
517    When reading a version 2 or later TZif file, the TZif reader now
518    validates the version 1 header and data block only enough to skip
519    over them, as recommended by RFC 8536 section 4.  Also, the TZif
520    reader no longer mistakenly attempts to parse a version 1 TZIf
521    file header as a TZ string.
522
523    zdump -v now outputs "(localtime failed)" and "(gmtime failed)"
524    when local time and UT cannot be determined for a timestamp.
525
526  Changes to build procedure
527
528    Distribution tarballs now use standard POSIX.1-1988 ustar format
529    instead of GNU format.  Although the formats are almost identical
530    for these tarballs, ustar headers' magic fields contain "ustar"
531    instead of "ustar ", and their version fields contain "00" instead
532    of " ".  The two formats are planned to diverge more significantly
533    for tzdb releases after 2242-03-16 12:56:31 UTC, when the ustar
534    format becomes obsolete and the tarballs switch to pax format, an
535    extension of ustar.  For details about these formats, please see
536    "pax - portable archive interchange", IEEE Std 1003.1-2017,
537    <https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/pax.html#tag_20_92_13>.
538
539
540Release 2021e - 2021-10-21 18:41:00 -0700
541
542  Changes to future timestamps
543
544    Palestine will fall back 10-29 (not 10-30) at 01:00.
545    (Thanks to P Chan and Heba Hemad.)
546
547
548Release 2021d - 2021-10-15 13:48:18 -0700
549
550  Briefly:
551    Fiji suspends DST for the 2021/2022 season.
552    'zic -r' marks unspecified timestamps with "-00".
553
554  Changes to future timestamps
555
556    Fiji will suspend observance of DST for the 2021/2022 season.
557    Assume for now that it will return next year.  (Thanks to Jashneel
558    Kumar and P Chan.)
559
560  Changes to code
561
562    'zic -r' now uses "-00" time zone abbreviations for intervals
563    with UT offsets that are unspecified due to -r truncation.
564    This implements a change in draft Internet RFC 8536bis.
565
566
567Release 2021c - 2021-10-01 14:21:49 -0700
568
569  Briefly:
570    Revert most 2021b changes to 'backward'.
571    Fix 'zic -b fat' bug in pre-1970 32-bit data.
572    Fix two Link line typos.
573    Distribute SECURITY file.
574
575    This release is intended as a bugfix release, to fix compatibility
576    problems and typos reported since 2021b was released.
577
578  Changes to Link directives
579
580    Revert almost all of 2021b's changes to the 'backward' file,
581    by moving Link directives back to where they were in 2021a.
582    Although 'zic' doesn't care which source file contains a Link
583    directive, some downstream uses ran into trouble with the move.
584    (Problem reported by Stephen Colebourne for Joda-Time.)
585
586    Fix typo that linked Atlantic/Jan_Mayen to the wrong location
587    (problem reported by Chris Walton).
588
589    Fix 'backzone' typo that linked America/Virgin to the wrong
590    location (problem reported by Michael Deckers).
591
592  Changes to code
593
594    Fix a bug in 'zic -b fat' that caused old timestamps to be
595    mishandled in 32-bit-only readers (problem reported by Daniel
596    Fischer).
597
598  Changes to documentation
599
600    Distribute the SECURITY file (problem reported by Andreas Radke).
601
602
603Release 2021b - 2021-09-24 16:23:00 -0700
604
605  Briefly:
606    Jordan now starts DST on February's last Thursday.
607    Samoa no longer observes DST.
608    Merge more location-based Zones whose timestamps agree since 1970.
609    Move some backward-compatibility links to 'backward'.
610    Rename Pacific/Enderbury to Pacific/Kanton.
611    Correct many pre-1993 transitions in Malawi, Portugal, etc.
612    zic now creates each output file or link atomically.
613    zic -L no longer omits the POSIX TZ string in its output.
614    zic fixes for truncation and leap second table expiration.
615    zic now follows POSIX for TZ strings using all-year DST.
616    Fix some localtime crashes and bugs in obscure cases.
617    zdump -v now outputs more-useful boundary cases.
618    tzfile.5 better matches a draft successor to RFC 8536.
619    A new file SECURITY.
620
621    This release is prompted by recent announcements by Jordan and Samoa.
622    It incorporates many other changes that had accumulated since 2021a.
623    However, it omits most proposed changes that merged all Zones
624    agreeing since 1970, as concerns were raised about doing too many of
625    these changes at once.  It does keeps some of these changes in the
626    interest of making tzdb more equitable one step at a time; see
627    "Merge more location-based Zones" below.
628
629  Changes to future timestamps
630
631    Jordan now starts DST on February's last Thursday.
632    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
633
634    Samoa no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Geoffrey D. Bennett.)
635
636  Changes to zone name
637
638    Rename Pacific/Enderbury to Pacific/Kanton.  When we added
639    Enderbury in 1993, we did not know that it is uninhabited and that
640    Kanton (population two dozen) is the only inhabited location in
641    that timezone.  The old name is now a backward-compatibility link.
642
643  Changes to past timestamps
644
645    Correct many pre-1993 transitions, fixing entries originally
646    derived from Shanks, Whitman, and Mundell.  The fixes include:
647      - Barbados: standard time was introduced in 1911, not 1932; and
648	DST was observed in 1942-1944
649      - Cook Islands: In 1899 they switched from east to west of GMT,
650	celebrating Christmas for two days.  They (and Niue) switched
651	to standard time in 1952, not 1901.
652      - Guyana: corrected LMT for Georgetown; the introduction of
653	standard time in 1911, not 1915; and corrections to 1975 and
654	1992 transitions
655      - Kanton: uninhabited before 1937-08-31
656      - Niue: only observed -11:20 from 1952 through 1964, then went to
657        -11 instead of -11:30
658      - Portugal: DST was observed in 1950
659      - Tonga: corrected LMT; the introduction of standard time in 1945,
660        not 1901; and corrections to the transition from +12:20 to +13
661        in 1961, not 1941
662    Additional fixes to entries in the 'backzone' file include:
663      - Enderbury: inhabited only 1860/1885 and 1938-03-06/1942-02-09
664      - The Gambia: 1933 and 1942 transitions
665      - Malawi: several 1911 through 1925 transitions
666      - Sierra Leone: several 1913 through 1941 transitions, and DST
667	was NOT observed in 1957 through 1962
668    (Thanks to P Chan, Michael Deckers, Alexander Krivenyshev and
669    Alois Treindl.)
670
671    Merge more location-based Zones whose timestamps agree since 1970,
672    as pre-1970 timestamps are out of scope.  This is part of a
673    process that has been ongoing since 2013.  This does not affect
674    post-1970 timestamps, and timezone historians who build with 'make
675    PACKRATDATA=backzone' should see no changes to pre-1970 timestamps.
676    When merging, keep the most-populous location's data, and move
677    data for other locations to 'backzone' with a backward
678    link in 'backward'.  For example, move America/Creston data to
679    'backzone' with a link in 'backward' from America/Phoenix because
680    the two timezones' timestamps agree since 1970; this change
681    affects some pre-1968 timestamps in America/Creston because
682    Creston and Phoenix disagreed before 1968.  The affected Zones
683    are Africa/Accra, America/Atikokan, America/Blanc-Sablon,
684    America/Creston, America/Curacao, America/Nassau,
685    America/Port_of_Spain, Antarctica/DumontDUrville, and
686    Antarctica/Syowa.
687
688  Changes to maintenance procedure
689
690    The new file SECURITY covers how to report security-related bugs.
691
692    Several backward-compatibility links have been moved to the
693    'backward' file.  These links, which range from Africa/Addis_Ababa
694    to Pacific/Saipan, are only for compatibility with now-obsolete
695    guidelines suggesting an entry for every ISO 3166 code.
696    The intercontinental convenience links Asia/Istanbul and
697    Europe/Nicosia have also been moved to 'backward'.
698
699  Changes to code
700
701    zic now creates each output file or link atomically,
702    possibly by creating a temporary file and then renaming it.
703    This avoids races where a TZ setting would temporarily stop
704    working while zic was installing a replacement file or link.
705
706    zic -L no longer omits the POSIX TZ string in its output.
707    Starting with 2020a, zic -L truncated its output according to the
708    "Expires" directive or "#expires" comment in the leapseconds file.
709    The resulting TZif files omitted daylight saving transitions after
710    the leap second table expired, which led to far less accurate
711    predictions of times after the expiry.  Although future timestamps
712    cannot be converted accurately in the presence of leap seconds, it
713    is more accurate to convert near-future timestamps with a few
714    seconds error than with an hour error, so zic -L no longer
715    truncates output in this way.
716
717    Instead, when zic -L is given the "Expires" directive, it now
718    outputs the expiration by appending a no-change entry to the leap
719    second table.  Although this should work well with most TZif
720    readers, it does not conform to Internet RFC 8536 and some pickier
721    clients (including tzdb 2017c through 2021a) reject it, so
722    "Expires" directives are currently disabled by default.  To enable
723    them, set the EXPIRES_LINE Makefile variable.  If a TZif file uses
724    this new feature it is marked with a new TZif version number 4,
725    a format intended to be documented in a successor to RFC 8536.
726
727    zic -L LEAPFILE -r @LO no longer generates an invalid TZif file
728    that omits leap second information for the range LO..B when LO
729    falls between two leap seconds A and B.  Instead, it generates a
730    TZif version 4 file that represents the previously missing
731    information.
732
733    The TZif reader now allows the leap second table to begin with a
734    correction other than -1 or +1, and to contain adjacent
735    transitions with equal corrections.  This supports TZif version 4.
736
737    The TZif reader now lets leap seconds occur less than 28 days
738    apart.  This supports possible future TZif extensions.
739
740    Fix bug that caused 'localtime' etc. to crash when TZ was
741    set to a all-year DST string like "EST5EDT4,0/0,J365/25" that does
742    not conform to POSIX but does conform to Internet RFC 8536.
743
744    Fix another bug that caused 'localtime' etc. to crash when TZ was
745    set to a POSIX-conforming but unusual TZ string like
746    "EST5EDT4,0/0,J365/0", where almost all the year is DST.
747
748    Fix yet another bug that caused 'localtime' etc. to mishandle slim
749    TZif files containing leap seconds after the last explicit
750    transition in the table, or when handling far-future timestamps
751    in slim TZif files lacking leap seconds.
752
753    Fix localtime misbehavior involving positive leap seconds.
754    This change affects only behavior for "right" system time,
755    which contains leap seconds, and only if the UT offset is
756    not a multiple of 60 seconds when a positive leap second occurs.
757    (No such timezone exists in tzdb, luckily.)  Without the fix,
758    the timestamp was ambiguous during a positive leap second.
759    With the fix, any seconds occurring after a positive leap second
760    and within the same localtime minute are counted through 60, not
761    through 59; their UT offset (tm_gmtoff) is the same as before.
762    Here is how the fix affects timestamps in a timezone with UT
763    offset +01:23:45 (5025 seconds) and with a positive leap second at
764    1972-06-30 23:59:60 UTC (78796800):
765
766	time_t    without the fix      with the fix
767	78796800  1972-07-01 01:23:45  1972-07-01 01:23:45 (leap second)
768	78796801  1972-07-01 01:23:45  1972-07-01 01:23:46
769	...
770	78796815  1972-07-01 01:23:59  1972-07-01 01:23:60
771	78796816  1972-07-01 01:24:00  1972-07-01 01:24:00
772
773    Fix an unlikely bug that caused 'localtime' etc. to misbehave if
774    civil time changes a few seconds before time_t wraps around, when
775    leap seconds are enabled.
776
777    Fix bug in zic -r; in some cases, the dummy time type after the
778    last time transition disagreed with the TZ string, contrary to
779    Internet RFC 8563 section 3.3.
780
781    Fix a bug with 'zic -r @X' when X is a negative leap second that
782    has a nonnegative correction.  Without the fix, the output file
783    was truncated so that X appeared to be a positive leap second.
784    Fix a similar, even less likely bug when truncating at a positive
785    leap second that has a nonpositive correction.
786
787    zic -r now reports an error if given rolling leap seconds, as this
788    usage has never generally worked and is evidently unused.
789
790    zic now generates a POSIX-conforming TZ string for TZif files
791    where all-year DST is predicted for the indefinite future.
792    For example, for all-year Eastern Daylight Time, zic now generates
793    "XXX3EDT4,0/0,J365/23" where it previously generated
794    "EST5EDT,0/0,J365/25" or "".  (Thanks to Michael Deckers for
795    noting the possibility of POSIX conformance.)
796
797    zic.c no longer requires sys/wait.h (thanks to spazmodius for
798    noting it wasn't needed).
799
800    When reading slim TZif files, zdump no longer mishandles leap
801    seconds on the rare platforms where time_t counts leap seconds,
802    fixing a bug introduced in 2014g.
803
804    zdump -v now outputs timestamps at boundaries of what localtime
805    and gmtime can represent, instead of the less useful timestamps
806    one day after the minimum and one day before the maximum.
807    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson for prototype code, and to Manuela
808    Friedrich for debugging help.)
809
810    zdump's -c and -t options are now consistently inclusive for the
811    lower time bound and exclusive for the upper.  Formerly they were
812    inconsistent.  (Confusion noted by Martin Burnicki.)
813
814  Changes to build procedure
815
816    You can now compile with -DHAVE_MALLOC_ERRNO=0 to port to
817    non-POSIX hosts where malloc doesn't set errno.
818    (Problem reported by Jan Engelhardt.)
819
820  Changes to documentation
821
822    tzfile.5 better matches a draft successor to RFC 8536
823    <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-murchison-rfc8536bis/01/>.
824
825
826Release 2021a - 2021-01-24 10:54:57 -0800
827
828  Changes to future timestamps
829
830    South Sudan changes from +03 to +02 on 2021-02-01 at 00:00.
831    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
832
833
834Release 2020f - 2020-12-29 00:17:46 -0800
835
836  Change to build procedure
837
838    'make rearguard_tarballs' no longer generates a bad rearguard.zi,
839    fixing a 2020e bug.  (Problem reported by Deborah Goldsmith.)
840
841
842Release 2020e - 2020-12-22 15:14:34 -0800
843
844  Briefly:
845    Volgograd switches to Moscow time on 2020-12-27 at 02:00.
846
847  Changes to future timestamps
848
849    Volgograd changes time zone from +04 to +03 on 2020-12-27 at 02:00.
850    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev and Stepan Golosunov.)
851
852  Changes to past timestamps
853
854    Correct many pre-1986 transitions, fixing entries originally
855    derived from Shanks.  The fixes include:
856      - Australia: several 1917 through 1971 transitions
857      - The Bahamas: several 1941 through 1945 transitions
858      - Bermuda: several 1917 through 1956 transitions
859      - Belize: several 1942 through 1968 transitions
860      - Ghana: several 1915 through 1956 transitions
861      - Israel and Palestine: several 1940 through 1985 transitions
862      - Kenya and adjacent: several 1908 through 1960 transitions
863      - Nigeria and adjacent: correcting LMT in Lagos, and several 1905
864        through 1919 transitions
865      - Seychelles: the introduction of standard time in 1907, not 1906
866      - Vanuatu: DST in 1973-1974, and a corrected 1984 transition
867    (Thanks to P Chan.)
868
869    Because of the Australia change, Australia/Currie (King Island) is
870    no longer needed, as it is identical to Australia/Hobart for all
871    timestamps since 1970 and was therefore created by mistake.
872    Australia/Currie has been moved to the 'backward' file and its
873    corrected data moved to the 'backzone' file.
874
875  Changes to past time zone abbreviations and DST flags
876
877    To better match legislation in Turks and Caicos, the 2015 shift to
878    year-round observance of -04 is now modeled as AST throughout before
879    returning to Eastern Time with US DST in 2018, rather than as
880    maintaining EDT until 2015-11-01.  (Thanks to P Chan.)
881
882  Changes to documentation
883
884    The zic man page now documents zic's coalescing of transitions
885    when a zone falls back just before DST springs forward.
886
887
888Release 2020d - 2020-10-21 11:24:13 -0700
889
890  Briefly:
891    Palestine ends DST earlier than predicted, on 2020-10-24.
892
893  Changes to past and future timestamps
894
895    Palestine ends DST on 2020-10-24 at 01:00, instead of 2020-10-31
896    as previously predicted (thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)  Its
897    2019-10-26 fall-back was at 00:00, not 01:00 (thanks to Steffen
898    Thorsen.)  Its 2015-10-23 transition was at 01:00 not 00:00, and
899    its spring 2020 transition was on March 28 at 00:00, not March 27
900    (thanks to Pierre Cashon.)  This affects Asia/Gaza and
901    Asia/Hebron.  Assume future spring and fall transitions will be on
902    the Saturday preceding the last Sunday of March and October,
903    respectively.
904
905
906Release 2020c - 2020-10-16 11:15:53 -0700
907
908  Briefly:
909    Fiji starts DST later than usual, on 2020-12-20.
910
911  Changes to future timestamps
912
913    Fiji will start DST on 2020-12-20, instead of 2020-11-08 as
914    previously predicted.  DST will still end on 2021-01-17.
915    (Thanks to Raymond Kumar and Alan Mintz.)  Assume for now that
916    the later-than-usual start date is a one-time departure from the
917    recent pattern.
918
919  Changes to build procedure
920
921    Rearguard tarballs now contain an empty file pacificnew.
922    Some older downstream software expects this file to exist.
923    (Problem reported by Mike Cullinan.)
924
925
926Release 2020b - 2020-10-06 18:35:04 -0700
927
928  Briefly:
929    Revised predictions for Morocco's changes starting in 2023.
930    Canada's Yukon changes to -07 on 2020-11-01, not 2020-03-08.
931    Macquarie Island has stayed in sync with Tasmania since 2011.
932    Casey, Antarctica is at +08 in winter and +11 in summer.
933    zic no longer supports -y, nor the TYPE field of Rules.
934
935  Changes to future timestamps
936
937    Morocco's spring-forward after Ramadan is now predicted to occur
938    no sooner than two days after Ramadan, instead of one day.
939    (Thanks to Milamber.)  The first altered prediction is for 2023,
940    now predicted to spring-forward on April 30 instead of April 23.
941
942  Changes to past and future timestamps
943
944   Casey Station, Antarctica has been using +08 in winter and +11 in
945   summer since 2018.  The most recent transition from +08 to +11 was
946   2020-10-04 00:01.  Also, Macquarie Island has been staying in
947   sync with Tasmania since 2011.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
948
949  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations and DST flags
950
951    Canada's Yukon, represented by America/Whitehorse and
952    America/Dawson, changes its time zone rules from -08/-07 to
953    permanent -07 on 2020-11-01, not on 2020-03-08 as 2020a had it.
954    This change affects only the time zone abbreviation (MST vs PDT)
955    and daylight saving flag for the period between the two dates.
956    (Thanks to Andrew G. Smith.)
957
958  Changes to past timestamps
959
960    Correct several transitions for Hungary for 1918/1983.
961    For example, the 1983-09-25 fall-back was at 01:00, not 03:00.
962    (Thanks to Géza Nyáry.)  Also, the 1890 transition to standard
963    time was on 11-01, not 10-01 (thanks to Michael Deckers).
964
965    The 1891 French transition was on March 16, not March 15.  The
966    1911-03-11 French transition was at midnight, not a minute later.
967    Monaco's transitions were on 1892-06-01 and 1911-03-29, not
968    1891-03-15 and 1911-03-11.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
969
970  Changes to code
971
972    Support for zic's long-obsolete '-y YEARISTYPE' option has been
973    removed and, with it, so has support for the TYPE field in Rule
974    lines, which is now reserved for compatibility with earlier zic.
975    These features were previously deprecated in release 2015f.
976    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
977
978    zic now defaults to '-b slim' instead of to '-b fat'.
979
980    zic's new '-l -' and '-p -' options uninstall any existing
981    localtime and posixrules files, respectively.
982
983    The undocumented and ineffective tzsetwall function has been
984    removed.
985
986  Changes to build procedure
987
988    The Makefile now defaults POSIXRULES to '-', so the posixrules
989    feature (obsolete as of 2019b) is no longer installed by default.
990
991  Changes to documentation and commentary
992
993    The long-obsolete files pacificnew, systemv, and yearistype.sh have
994    been removed from the distribution.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
995
996
997Release 2020a - 2020-04-23 16:03:47 -0700
998
999  Briefly:
1000    Morocco springs forward on 2020-05-31, not 2020-05-24.
1001    Canada's Yukon advanced to -07 year-round on 2020-03-08.
1002    America/Nuuk renamed from America/Godthab.
1003    zic now supports expiration dates for leap second lists.
1004
1005  Changes to future timestamps
1006
1007    Morocco's second spring-forward transition in 2020 will be May 31,
1008    not May 24 as predicted earlier.  (Thanks to Semlali Naoufal.)
1009    Adjust future-year predictions to use the first Sunday after the
1010    day after Ramadan, not the first Sunday after Ramadan.
1011
1012    Canada's Yukon, represented by America/Whitehorse and
1013    America/Dawson, advanced to -07 year-round, beginning with its
1014    spring-forward transition on 2020-03-08, and will not fall back on
1015    2020-11-01.  Although a government press release calls this
1016    "permanent Pacific Daylight Saving Time", we prefer MST for
1017    consistency with nearby Dawson Creek, Creston, and Fort Nelson.
1018    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
1019
1020  Changes to past timestamps
1021
1022    Shanghai observed DST in 1919.  (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1023
1024  Changes to timezone identifiers
1025
1026    To reflect current usage in English better, America/Godthab has
1027    been renamed to America/Nuuk.  A backwards-compatibility link
1028    remains for the old name.
1029
1030  Changes to code
1031
1032    localtime.c no longer mishandles timestamps after the last
1033    transition in a TZif file with leap seconds and with daylight
1034    saving time transitions projected into the indefinite future.
1035    For example, with TZ='America/Los_Angeles' with leap seconds,
1036    zdump formerly reported a DST transition on 2038-03-14
1037    from 01:59:32.999... to 02:59:33 instead of the correct transition
1038    from 01:59:59.999... to 03:00:00.
1039
1040    zic -L now supports an Expires line in the leapseconds file, and
1041    truncates the TZif output accordingly.  This propagates leap
1042    second expiration information into the TZif file, and avoids the
1043    abovementioned localtime.c bug as well as similar bugs present in
1044    many client implementations.  If no Expires line is present, zic
1045    -L instead truncates the TZif output based on the #expires comment
1046    present in leapseconds files distributed by tzdb 2018f and later;
1047    however, this usage is obsolescent.  For now, the distributed
1048    leapseconds file has an Expires line that is commented out, so
1049    that the file can be fed to older versions of zic which ignore the
1050    commented-out line.  Future tzdb distributions are planned to
1051    contain a leapseconds file with an Expires line.
1052
1053    The configuration macros HAVE_TZNAME and USG_COMPAT should now be
1054    set to 1 if the system library supports the feature, and 2 if not.
1055    As before, these macros are nonzero if tzcode should support the
1056    feature, zero otherwise.
1057
1058    The configuration macro ALTZONE now has the same values with the
1059    same meaning as HAVE_TZNAME and USG_COMPAT.
1060
1061    The code's defense against CRLF in leap-seconds.list is now
1062    portable to POSIX awk.  (Problem reported by Deborah Goldsmith.)
1063
1064    Although the undocumented tzsetwall function is not changed in
1065    this release, it is now deprecated in preparation for removal in
1066    future releases.  Due to POSIX requirements, tzsetwall has not
1067    worked for some time.  Any code that uses it should instead use
1068    tzalloc(NULL) or, if portability trumps thread-safety, should
1069    unset the TZ environment variable.
1070
1071  Changes to commentary
1072
1073    The Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the Listuguj reserve are noted as
1074    following America/Halifax, and comments about Yukon's "south" and
1075    "north" have been corrected to say "east" and "west".  (Thanks to
1076    Jeffery Nichols.)
1077
1078
1079Release 2019c - 2019-09-11 08:59:48 -0700
1080
1081  Briefly:
1082    Fiji observes DST from 2019-11-10 to 2020-01-12.
1083    Norfolk Island starts observing Australian-style DST.
1084
1085  Changes to future timestamps
1086
1087    Fiji's next DST transitions will be 2019-11-10 and 2020-01-12
1088    instead of 2019-11-03 and 2020-01-19.  (Thanks to Raymond Kumar.)
1089    Adjust future guesses accordingly.
1090
1091    Norfolk Island will observe Australian-style DST starting in
1092    spring 2019.  The first transition is on 2019-10-06.  (Thanks to
1093    Kyle Czech and Michael Deckers.)
1094
1095  Changes to past timestamps
1096
1097    Many corrections to time in Turkey from 1940 through 1985.
1098    (Thanks to Oya Vulaş via Alois Treindl, and to Kıvanç Yazan.)
1099
1100    The Norfolk Island 1975-03-02 transition was at 02:00 standard
1101    time, not 02:00 DST.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1102
1103    South Korea observed DST from 1948 through 1951.  Although this
1104    info was supposed to appear in release 2014j, a typo inadvertently
1105    suppressed the change.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
1106
1107    Detroit observed DST in 1967 and 1968 following the US DST rules,
1108    except that its 1967 DST began on June 14 at 00:01.  (Thanks to
1109    Alois Treindl for pointing out that the old data entries were
1110    probably wrong.)
1111
1112    Fix several errors in pre-1970 transitions in Perry County, IN.
1113    (Thanks to Alois Treindl for pointing out the 1967/9 errors.)
1114
1115    Edmonton did not observe DST in 1967 or 1969.  In 1946 Vancouver
1116    ended DST on 09-29 not 10-13, and Vienna ended DST on 10-07 not
1117    10-06.  In 1945 Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) switched from +01/+02
1118    to +02/+03 on 04-10 not 01-01, and its +02/+03 is abbreviated
1119    EET/EEST, not CET/CEST.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)  In 1946
1120    Königsberg switched to +03 on 04-07 not 01-01.
1121
1122    In 1946 Louisville switched from CST to CDT on 04-28 at 00:01, not
1123    01-01 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl and Michael Deckers.)
1124    Also, it switched from CST to CDT on 1950-04-30, not 1947-04-27.
1125
1126    The 1892-05-01 transition in Brussels was at 00:17:30, not at noon.
1127    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1128
1129  Changes to past time zone abbreviations and DST flags
1130
1131    Hong Kong Winter Time, observed from 1941-10-01 to 1941-12-25,
1132    is now flagged as DST and is abbreviated HKWT not HKT.
1133
1134  Changes to code
1135
1136    leapseconds.awk now relies only on its input data, rather than
1137    also relying on its comments.  (Inspired by code from Dennis
1138    Ferguson and Chris Woodbury.)
1139
1140    The code now defends against CRLFs in leap-seconds.list.
1141    (Thanks to Brian Inglis and Chris Woodbury.)
1142
1143  Changes to documentation and commentary
1144
1145    theory.html discusses leap seconds.  (Thanks to Steve Summit.)
1146
1147    Nashville's newspapers dueled about the time of day in the 1950s.
1148    (Thanks to John Seigenthaler.)
1149
1150    Liechtenstein observed Swiss DST in 1941/2.
1151    (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
1152
1153
1154Release 2019b - 2019-07-01 00:09:53 -0700
1155
1156  Briefly:
1157    Brazil no longer observes DST.
1158    'zic -b slim' outputs smaller TZif files; please try it out.
1159    Palestine's 2019 spring-forward transition was on 03-29, not 03-30.
1160
1161  Changes to future timestamps
1162
1163    Brazil has canceled DST and will stay on standard time indefinitely.
1164    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen, Marcus Diniz, and Daniel Soares de
1165    Oliveira.)
1166
1167    Predictions for Morocco now go through 2087 instead of 2037, to
1168    work around a problem on newlib when using TZif files output by
1169    zic 2019a or earlier.  (Problem reported by David Gauchard.)
1170
1171  Changes to past and future timestamps
1172
1173    Palestine's 2019 spring transition was 03-29 at 00:00, not 03-30
1174    at 01:00.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa and Even Scharning.)  Guess
1175    future transitions to be March's last Friday at 00:00.
1176
1177  Changes to past timestamps
1178
1179    Hong Kong's 1941-06-15 spring-forward transition was at 03:00, not
1180    03:30.  Its 1945 transition from JST to HKT was on 11-18 at 02:00,
1181    not 09-15 at 00:00.  In 1946 its spring-forward transition was on
1182    04-21 at 00:00, not the previous day at 03:30.  From 1946 through
1183    1952 its fall-back transitions occurred at 04:30, not at 03:30.
1184    In 1947 its fall-back transition was on 11-30, not 12-30.
1185    (Thanks to P Chan.)
1186
1187  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
1188
1189    Italy's 1866 transition to Rome Mean Time was on December 12, not
1190    September 22.  This affects only the time zone abbreviation for
1191    Europe/Rome between those dates.  (Thanks to Stephen Trainor and
1192    Luigi Rosa.)
1193
1194  Changes affecting metadata only
1195
1196    Add info about the Crimea situation in zone1970.tab and zone.tab.
1197    (Problem reported by Serhii Demediuk.)
1198
1199  Changes to code
1200
1201    zic's new -b option supports a way to control data bloat and to
1202    test for year-2038 bugs in software that reads TZif files.
1203    'zic -b fat' and 'zic -b slim' generate larger and smaller output;
1204    for example, changing from fat to slim shrinks the Europe/London
1205    file from 3648 to 1599 bytes, saving about 56%.  Fat and slim
1206    files represent the same set of timestamps and use the same TZif
1207    format as documented in tzfile(5) and in Internet RFC 8536.
1208    Fat format attempts to work around bugs or incompatibilities in
1209    older software, notably software that mishandles 64-bit TZif data
1210    or uses obsolete TZ strings like "EET-2EEST" that lack DST rules.
1211    Slim format is more efficient and does not work around 64-bit bugs
1212    or obsolete TZ strings.  Currently zic defaults to fat format
1213    unless you compile with -DZIC_BLOAT_DEFAULT=\"slim\"; this
1214    out-of-the-box default is intended to change in future releases
1215    as the buggy software often mishandles timestamps anyway.
1216
1217    zic no longer treats a set of rules ending in 2037 specially.
1218    Previously, zic assumed that such a ruleset meant that future
1219    timestamps could not be predicted, and therefore omitted a
1220    POSIX-like TZ string in the TZif output.  The old behavior is no
1221    longer needed for current tzdata, and caused problems with newlib
1222    when used with older tzdata (reported by David Gauchard).
1223
1224    zic no longer generates some artifact transitions.  For example,
1225    Europe/London no longer has a no-op transition in January 1996.
1226
1227  Changes to build procedure
1228
1229    tzdata.zi now assumes zic 2017c or later.  This shrinks tzdata.zi
1230    by a percent or so.
1231
1232  Changes to documentation and commentary
1233
1234    The Makefile now documents the POSIXRULES macro as being obsolete,
1235    and similarly, zic's -p POSIXRULES option is now documented as
1236    being obsolete.  Although the POSIXRULES feature still exists and
1237    works as before, in practice it is rarely used for its intended
1238    purpose, and it does not work either in the default reference
1239    implementation (for timestamps after 2037) or in common
1240    implementations such as GNU/Linux (for contemporary timestamps).
1241    Since POSIXRULES was designed primarily as a temporary transition
1242    facility for System V platforms that died off decades ago, it is
1243    being decommissioned rather than institutionalized.
1244
1245    New info on Bonin Islands and Marcus (thanks to Wakaba and Phake Nick).
1246
1247
1248Release 2019a - 2019-03-25 22:01:33 -0700
1249
1250  Briefly:
1251    Palestine "springs forward" on 2019-03-30 instead of 2019-03-23.
1252    Metlakatla "fell back" to rejoin Alaska Time on 2019-01-20 at 02:00.
1253
1254  Changes to past and future timestamps
1255
1256    Palestine will not start DST until 2019-03-30, instead of 2019-03-23 as
1257    previously predicted.  Adjust our prediction by guessing that spring
1258    transitions will be between 24 and 30 March, which matches recent practice
1259    since 2016.  (Thanks to Even Scharning and Tim Parenti.)
1260
1261    Metlakatla ended its observance of Pacific standard time,
1262    rejoining Alaska Time, on 2019-01-20 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Ryan
1263    Stanley and Tim Parenti.)
1264
1265  Changes to past timestamps
1266
1267    Israel observed DST in 1980 (08-02/09-13) and 1984 (05-05/08-25).
1268    (Thanks to Alois Treindl and Isaac Starkman.)
1269
1270  Changes to time zone abbreviations
1271
1272    Etc/UCT is now a backward-compatibility link to Etc/UTC, instead
1273    of being a separate zone that generates the abbreviation "UCT",
1274    which nowadays is typically a typo.  (Problem reported by Isiah
1275    Meadows.)
1276
1277  Changes to code
1278
1279    zic now has an -r option to limit the time range of output data.
1280    For example, 'zic -r @1000000000' limits the output data to
1281    timestamps starting 1000000000 seconds after the Epoch.
1282    This helps shrink output size and can be useful for applications
1283    not needing the full timestamp history, such as TZDIST truncation;
1284    see Internet RFC 8536 section 5.1.  (Inspired by a feature request
1285    from Christopher Wong, helped along by bug reports from Wong and
1286    from Tim Parenti.)
1287
1288  Changes to documentation
1289
1290    Mention Internet RFC 8536 (February 2019), which documents TZif.
1291
1292    tz-link.html now cites tzdata-meta
1293    <https://tzdata-meta.timtimeonline.com/>.
1294
1295
1296Release 2018i - 2018-12-30 11:05:43 -0800
1297
1298  Briefly:
1299    São Tomé and Príncipe switches from +01 to +00 on 2019-01-01.
1300
1301  Changes to future timestamps
1302
1303    Due to a change in government, São Tomé and Príncipe switches back
1304    from +01 to +00 on 2019-01-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Vadim
1305    Nasardinov and Michael Deckers.)
1306
1307
1308Release 2018h - 2018-12-23 17:59:32 -0800
1309
1310  Briefly:
1311    Qyzylorda, Kazakhstan moved from +06 to +05 on 2018-12-21.
1312    New zone Asia/Qostanay because Qostanay, Kazakhstan didn't move.
1313    Metlakatla, Alaska observes PST this winter only.
1314    Guess Morocco will continue to adjust clocks around Ramadan.
1315    Add predictions for Iran from 2038 through 2090.
1316
1317  Changes to future timestamps
1318
1319    Guess that Morocco will continue to fall back just before and
1320    spring forward just after Ramadan, the practice since 2012.
1321    (Thanks to Maamar Abdelkader.)  This means Morocco will observe
1322    negative DST during Ramadan in main and vanguard formats, and in
1323    rearguard format it stays in the +00 timezone and observes
1324    ordinary DST in all months other than Ramadan.  As before, extend
1325    this guesswork to the year 2037.  As a consequence, Morocco is
1326    scheduled to observe three DST transitions in some Gregorian years
1327    (e.g., 2033) due to the mismatch between the Gregorian and Islamic
1328    calendars.
1329
1330    The table of exact transitions for Iranian DST has been extended.
1331    It formerly cut off before the year 2038 in a nod to 32-bit time_t.
1332    It now cuts off before 2091 as there is doubt about how the Persian
1333    calendar will treat 2091.  This change predicts DST transitions in
1334    2038-9, 2042-3, and 2046-7 to occur one day later than previously
1335    predicted.  As before, post-cutoff transitions are approximated.
1336
1337  Changes to past and future timestamps
1338
1339    Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda) oblast in Kazakhstan moved from +06 to
1340    +05 on 2018-12-21.  This is a zone split as Qostanay (aka
1341    Kostanay) did not switch, so create a zone Asia/Qostanay.
1342
1343    Metlakatla moved from Alaska to Pacific standard time on 2018-11-04.
1344    It did not change clocks that day and remains on -08 this winter.
1345    (Thanks to Ryan Stanley.)  It will revert to the usual Alaska
1346    rules next spring, so this change affects only timestamps
1347    from 2018-11-04 through 2019-03-10.
1348
1349  Change to past timestamps
1350
1351    Kwajalein's 1993-08-20 transition from -12 to +12 was at 24:00,
1352    not 00:00.  I transcribed the time incorrectly from Shanks.
1353    (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1354
1355    Nauru's 1979 transition was on 02-10 at 02:00, not 05-01 at 00:00.
1356    (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1357
1358    Guam observed DST irregularly from 1959 through 1977.
1359    (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1360
1361    Hong Kong observed DST in 1941 starting 06-15 (not 04-01), then on
1362    10-01 changed standard time to +08:30 (not +08).  Its transition
1363    back to +08 after WWII was on 1945-09-15, not the previous day.
1364    Its 1904-10-30 change took effect at 01:00 +08 (not 00:00 LMT).
1365    (Thanks to Phake Nick, Steve Allen, and Joseph Myers.)  Also,
1366    its 1952 fallback was on 11-02 (not 10-25).
1367
1368    This release contains many changes to timestamps before 1946 due
1369    to Japanese possession or occupation of Pacific/Chuuk,
1370    Pacific/Guam, Pacific/Kosrae, Pacific/Kwajalein, Pacific/Majuro,
1371    Pacific/Nauru, Pacific/Palau, and Pacific/Pohnpei.
1372    (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1373
1374    Assume that the Spanish East Indies was like the Philippines and
1375    observed American time until the end of 1844.  This affects
1376    Pacific/Chuuk, Pacific/Kosrae, Pacific/Palau, and Pacific/Pohnpei.
1377
1378  Changes to past tm_isdst flags
1379
1380    For the recent Morocco change, the tm_isdst flag should be 1 from
1381    2018-10-27 00:00 to 2018-10-28 03:00.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1382    Give a URL to the official decree.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
1383
1384
1385Release 2018g - 2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700
1386
1387  Briefly:
1388    Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-28.
1389
1390  Changes to future timestamps
1391
1392    Morocco switches from +00/+01 to permanent +01 effective 2018-10-28,
1393    so its clocks will not fall back as previously scheduled.
1394    (Thanks to Mohamed Essedik Najd and Brian Inglis.)
1395
1396  Changes to code
1397
1398    When generating TZif files with leap seconds, zic no longer uses a
1399    format that trips up older 32-bit clients, fixing a bug introduced
1400    in 2018f.  (Reported by Daniel Fischer.)  Also, the zic workaround
1401    for QTBUG-53071 now also works for TZif files with leap seconds.
1402
1403    The translator to rearguard format now rewrites the line
1404    "Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S" to
1405    "Rule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sun>=9  1:00 0 S".
1406    This caters to zic before 2007 and to Oracle TZUpdater 2.2.0
1407    and earlier.  (Reported by Christos Zoulas.)
1408
1409  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
1410
1411    Change HDT to HWT/HPT for WWII-era abbreviations in Hawaii.
1412    This reverts to 2011h, as the abbreviation change in 2011i was
1413    likely inadvertent.
1414
1415  Changes to documentation
1416
1417    tzfile.5 has new sections on interoperability issues.
1418
1419
1420Release 2018f - 2018-10-18 00:14:18 -0700
1421
1422  Briefly:
1423  Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28.
1424  Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20.
1425  Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06.
1426
1427  Changes to future timestamps
1428
1429    Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28 at 02:00.
1430    (Thanks to Alexander Fetisov and Stepan Golosunov.)
1431
1432    Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13 instead of the 2019-01-20 previously
1433    predicted.  (Thanks to Raymond Kumar.)  Adjust future predictions
1434    accordingly.
1435
1436    Most of Chile will end DST on the first Saturday in April at 24:00 mainland
1437    time, and resume DST on the first Saturday in September at 24:00 mainland
1438    time.  The changes are effective from 2019-04-06, and do not affect the
1439    Magallanes region modeled by America/Punta_Arenas.  (Thanks to Juan Correa
1440    and Tim Parenti.)  Adjust future predictions accordingly.
1441
1442  Changes to past timestamps
1443
1444    The 2018-05-05 North Korea 30-minute time zone change took place
1445    at 23:30 the previous day, not at 00:00 that day.
1446
1447    China's 1988 spring-forward transition was on April 17, not
1448    April 10.  Its DST transitions in 1986/91 were at 02:00, not 00:00.
1449    (Thanks to P Chan.)
1450
1451    Fix several issues for Macau before 1992.  Macau's pre-1904 LMT
1452    was off by 10 s.  Macau switched to +08 in 1904 not 1912, and
1453    temporarily switched to +09/+10 during World War II.  Macau
1454    observed DST in 1942/79, not 1961/80, and there were several
1455    errors for transition times and dates.  (Thanks to P Chan.)
1456
1457    The 1948-1951 fallback transitions in Japan were at 25:00 on
1458    September's second Saturday, not at 24:00.  (Thanks to Phake Nick.)
1459    zic turns this into 01:00 on the day after September's second
1460    Saturday, which is the best that POSIX or C platforms can do.
1461
1462    Incorporate 1940-1949 Asia/Shanghai DST transitions from a 2014
1463    paper by Li Yu, replacing more-questionable data from Shanks.
1464
1465  Changes to time zone abbreviations
1466
1467    Use "PST" and "PDT" for Philippine time.  (Thanks to Paul Goyette.)
1468
1469  Changes to code
1470
1471    zic now always generates TZif files where time type 0 is used for
1472    timestamps before the first transition.  This simplifies the
1473    reading of TZif files and should not affect behavior of existing
1474    TZif readers because the same set of time types is used; only
1475    their internal indexes may have changed.  This affects only the
1476    legacy zones EST5EDT, CST6CDT, MST7MDT, PST8PDT, CET, MET, and
1477    EET, which previously used nonzero types for these timestamps.
1478
1479    Because of the type 0 change, zic no longer outputs a dummy
1480    transition at time -2**59 (before the Big Bang), as clients should
1481    no longer need this to handle historical timestamps correctly.
1482    This reverts a change introduced in 2013d and shrinks most TZif
1483    files by a few bytes.
1484
1485    zic now supports negative time-of-day in Rule and Leap lines, e.g.,
1486    "Rule X min max - Apr lastSun -6:00 1:00 -" means the transition
1487    occurs at 18:00 on the Saturday before the last Sunday in April.
1488    This behavior was documented in 2018a but the code did not
1489    entirely match the documentation.
1490
1491    localtime.c no longer requires at least one time type in TZif
1492    files that lack transitions or have a POSIX-style TZ string.  This
1493    future-proofs the code against possible future extensions to the
1494    format that would allow TZif files with POSIX-style TZ strings and
1495    without transitions or time types.
1496
1497    A read-access subscript error in localtime.c has been fixed.
1498    It could occur only in TZif files with timecnt == 0, something that
1499    does not happen in practice now but could happen in future versions.
1500
1501    localtime.c no longer ignores TZif POSIX-style TZ strings that
1502    specify only standard time.  Instead, these TZ strings now
1503    override the default time type for timestamps after the last
1504    transition (or for all timestamps if there are no transitions),
1505    just as DST strings specifying DST have always done.
1506
1507    leapseconds.awk now outputs "#updated" and "#expires" comments,
1508    and supports leap seconds at the ends of months other than June
1509    and December.  (Inspired by suggestions from Chris Woodbury.)
1510
1511  Changes to documentation
1512
1513    New restrictions: A Rule name must start with a character that
1514    is neither an ASCII digit nor "-" nor "+", and an unquoted name
1515    should not use characters in the set "!$%&'()*,/:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~".
1516    The latter restriction makes room for future extensions (a
1517    possibility noted by Tom Lane).
1518
1519    tzfile.5 now documents what time types apply before the first and
1520    after the last transition, if any.
1521
1522    Documentation now uses the spelling "timezone" for a TZ setting
1523    that determines timestamp history, and "time zone" for a
1524    geographic region currently sharing the same standard time.
1525
1526    The name "TZif" is now used for the tz binary data format.
1527
1528    tz-link.htm now mentions the A0 TimeZone Migration utilities.
1529    (Thanks to Aldrin Martoq for the link.)
1530
1531  Changes to build procedure
1532
1533    New 'make' target 'rearguard_tarballs' to build the rearguard
1534    tarball only.  This is a convenience on platforms that lack lzip
1535    if you want to build the rearguard tarball.  (Problem reported by
1536    Deborah Goldsmith.)
1537
1538    tzdata.zi is now more stable from release to release.  (Problem
1539    noted by Tom Lane.)  It is also a bit shorter.
1540
1541    tzdata.zi now can contain comment lines documenting configuration
1542    information, such as which data format was selected, which input
1543    files were used, and how leap seconds are treated.  (Problems
1544    noted by Lester Caine and Brian Inglis.)  If the Makefile defaults
1545    are used these comment lines are absent, for backward
1546    compatibility.  A redistributor intending to alter its copy of the
1547    files should also append "-LABEL" to the 'version' file's first
1548    line, where "LABEL" identifies the redistributor's change.
1549
1550
1551Release 2018e - 2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700
1552
1553  Briefly:
1554
1555    North Korea switches back to +09 on 2018-05-05.
1556    The main format uses negative DST again, for Ireland etc.
1557    'make tarballs' now also builds a rearguard tarball.
1558    New 's' and 'd' suffixes in SAVE columns of Rule and Zone lines.
1559
1560  Changes to past and future timestamps
1561
1562    North Korea switches back from +0830 to +09 on 2018-05-05.
1563    (Thanks to Kang Seonghoon, Arthur David Olson, Seo Sanghyeon,
1564    and Tim Parenti.)
1565
1566    Bring back the negative-DST changes of 2018a, except be more
1567    compatible with data parsers that do not support negative DST.
1568    Also, this now affects historical timestamps in Namibia and the
1569    former Czechoslovakia, not just Ireland.  The main format now uses
1570    negative DST to model timestamps in Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on),
1571    Europe/Prague (1946/7), and Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This
1572    does not affect UT offsets, only time zone abbreviations and the
1573    tm_isdst flag.  Also, this does not affect rearguard or vanguard
1574    formats; effectively the main format now uses vanguard instead of
1575    rearguard format.  Data parsers that do not support negative DST
1576    can still use data from the rearguard tarball described below.
1577
1578  Changes to build procedure
1579
1580    The command 'make tarballs' now also builds the tarball
1581    tzdataVERSION-rearguard.tar.gz, which is like tzdataVERSION.tar.gz
1582    except that it uses rearguard format intended for trailing-edge
1583    data parsers.
1584
1585  Changes to data format and to code
1586
1587    The SAVE column of Rule and Zone lines can now have an 's' or 'd'
1588    suffix, which specifies whether the adjusted time is standard time
1589    or daylight saving time.  If no suffix is given, daylight saving
1590    time is used if and only if the SAVE column is nonzero; this is
1591    the longstanding behavior.  Although this new feature is not used
1592    in tzdata, it could be used to specify the legal time in Namibia
1593    1994-2017, as opposed to the popular time (see below).
1594
1595  Changes to past timestamps
1596
1597    From 1994 through 2017 Namibia observed DST in winter, not summer.
1598    That is, it used negative DST, as Ireland still does.  This change
1599    does not affect UTC offsets; it affects only the tm_isdst flag and
1600    the abbreviation used during summer, which is now CAT, not WAST.
1601    Although (as noted by Michael Deckers) summer and winter time were
1602    both simply called "standard time" in Namibian law, in common
1603    practice winter time was considered to be DST (as noted by Stephen
1604    Colebourne).  The full effect of this change is only in vanguard
1605    and main format; in rearguard format, the tm_isdst flag is still
1606    zero in winter and nonzero in summer.
1607
1608    In 1946/7 Czechoslovakia also observed negative DST in winter.
1609    The full effect of this change is only in vanguard and main
1610    formats; in rearguard format, it is modeled as plain GMT without
1611    daylight saving.  Also, the dates of some 1944/5 DST transitions
1612    in Czechoslovakia have been changed.
1613
1614
1615Release 2018d - 2018-03-22 07:05:46 -0700
1616
1617  Briefly:
1618
1619  Palestine starts DST a week earlier in 2018.
1620  Add support for vanguard and rearguard data consumers.
1621  Add subsecond precision to source data format, though not to data.
1622
1623  Changes to future timestamps
1624
1625    In 2018, Palestine starts DST on March 24, not March 31.
1626    Adjust future predictions accordingly.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)
1627
1628  Changes to past and future timestamps
1629
1630    Casey Station in Antarctica changed from +11 to +08 on 2018-03-11
1631    at 04:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
1632
1633  Changes to past timestamps
1634
1635    Historical transitions for Uruguay, represented by
1636    America/Montevideo, have been updated per official legal documents,
1637    replacing previous data mainly originating from the inventions of
1638    Shanks & Pottenger.  This has resulted in adjustments ranging from
1639    30 to 90 minutes in either direction over at least two dozen
1640    distinct periods ranging from one day to several years in length.
1641    A mere handful of pre-1991 transitions are unaffected; data since
1642    then has come from more reliable contemporaneous reporting.  These
1643    changes affect various timestamps in 1920-1923, 1936, 1939,
1644    1942-1943, 1959, 1966-1970, 1972, 1974-1980, and 1988-1990.
1645    Additionally, Uruguay's pre-standard-time UT offset has been
1646    adjusted westward by 7 seconds, from UT-03:44:44 to UT-03:44:51, to
1647    match the location of the Observatory of the National Meteorological
1648    Institute in Montevideo.
1649    (Thanks to Jeremie Bonjour, Tim Parenti, and Michael Deckers.)
1650
1651    East Kiribati skipped New Year's Eve 1994, not New Year's Day 1995.
1652    (Thanks to Kerry Shetline.)
1653
1654    Fix the 1912-01-01 transition for Portugal and its colonies.
1655    This transition was at 00:00 according to the new UT offset, not
1656    according to the old one.  Also assume that Cape Verde switched on
1657    the same date as the rest, not in 1907.  This affects
1658    Africa/Bissau, Africa/Sao_Tome, Asia/Macau, Atlantic/Azores,
1659    Atlantic/Cape_Verde, Atlantic/Madeira, and Europe/Lisbon.
1660    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1661
1662    Fix an off-by-1 error for pre-1913 timestamps in Jamaica and in
1663    Turks & Caicos.
1664
1665  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
1666
1667    MMT took effect in Uruguay from 1908-06-10, not 1898-06-28.  There
1668    is no clock change associated with the transition.
1669
1670  Changes to build procedure
1671
1672    The new DATAFORM macro in the Makefile lets the installer choose
1673    among three source data formats.  The idea is to lessen downstream
1674    disruption when data formats are improved.
1675
1676    * DATAFORM=vanguard installs from the latest, bleeding-edge
1677      format.  DATAFORM=main (the default) installs from the format
1678      used in the 'africa' etc. files.  DATAFORM=rearguard installs
1679      from a trailing-edge format.  Eventually, elements of today's
1680      vanguard format should move to the main format, and similarly
1681      the main format's features should eventually move to the
1682      rearguard format.
1683
1684    * In the current version, the main and rearguard formats are
1685      identical and match that of 2018c, so this change does not
1686      affect default behavior.  The vanguard format currently contains
1687      one feature not in the main format: negative SAVE values.  This
1688      improves support for Ireland, which uses Irish Standard Time
1689      (IST, UTC+01) in summer and GMT (UTC) in winter.  tzcode has
1690      supported negative SAVE values for decades, and this feature
1691      should move to the main format soon.  However, it will not move
1692      to the rearguard format for quite some time because some
1693      downstream parsers do not support it.
1694
1695    * The build procedure constructs three files vanguard.zi, main.zi,
1696      and rearguard.zi, one for each format.  Although the files
1697      represent essentially the same data, they may have minor
1698      discrepancies that users are not likely to notice.  The files
1699      are intended for downstream data consumers and are not
1700      installed.  Zoneinfo parsers that do not support negative SAVE values
1701      should start using rearguard.zi, so that they will be unaffected
1702      when the negative-DST feature moves from vanguard to main.
1703      Bleeding-edge Zoneinfo parsers that support the new features
1704      already can use vanguard.zi; in this respect, current tzcode is
1705      bleeding-edge.
1706
1707    The Makefile should now be safe for parallelized builds, and 'make
1708    -j to2050new.tzs' is now much faster on a multiprocessor host
1709    with GNU Make.
1710
1711    When built with -DSUPPRESS_TZDIR, the tzcode library no longer
1712    prepends TZDIR/ to file names that do not begin with '/'.  This is
1713    not recommended for general use, due to its security implications.
1714    (From a suggestion by Manuela Friedrich.)
1715
1716  Changes to code
1717
1718    zic now accepts subsecond precision in expressions like
1719    00:19:32.13, which is approximately the legal time of the
1720    Netherlands from 1835 to 1937.  However, because it is
1721    questionable whether the few recorded uses of non-integer offsets
1722    had subsecond precision in practice, there are no plans for tzdata
1723    to use this feature.  (Thanks to Steve Allen for pointing out
1724    the limitations of historical data in this area.)
1725
1726    The code is a bit more portable to MS-Windows.  Installers can
1727    compile with -DRESERVE_STD_EXT_IDS on MS-Windows platforms that
1728    reserve identifiers like 'localtime'.  (Thanks to Manuela
1729    Friedrich.)
1730
1731  Changes to documentation and commentary
1732
1733    theory.html now outlines tzdb's extensions to POSIX's model for
1734    civil time, and has a section "POSIX features no longer needed"
1735    that lists POSIX API components that are now vestigial.
1736    (From suggestions by Steve Summit.)  It also better distinguishes
1737    time zones from tz regions.  (From a suggestion by Guy Harris.)
1738
1739    Commentary is now more consistent about using the phrase "daylight
1740    saving time", to match the C name tm_isdst.  Daylight saving time
1741    need not occur in summer, and need not have a positive offset from
1742    standard time.
1743
1744    Commentary about historical transitions in Uruguay has been expanded
1745    with links to many relevant legal documents.
1746    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
1747
1748    Commentary now uses some non-ASCII characters with Unicode value
1749    less than U+0100, as they can be useful and should work even with
1750    older editors such as XEmacs.
1751
1752
1753Release 2018c - 2018-01-22 23:00:44 -0800
1754
1755  Briefly:
1756  Revert Irish changes that relied on negative SAVE values.
1757
1758  Changes to tm_isdst
1759
1760    Revert the 2018a change to Europe/Dublin.  As before, this change
1761    does not affect UT offsets or abbreviations; it affects only
1762    whether timestamps are considered to be standard time or
1763    daylight-saving time, as expressed in the tm_isdst flag of C's
1764    struct tm type.  This reversion is intended to be a temporary
1765    workaround for problems discovered with downstream uses of
1766    releases 2018a and 2018b, which implemented Irish time by using
1767    negative SAVE values in the Eire rules of the 'europe' file.
1768    Although negative SAVE values have been part of tzcode for many
1769    years and are supported by many platforms, they were not
1770    documented before 2018a and ICU and OpenJDK do not currently
1771    support them.  A mechanism to export data to platforms lacking
1772    support for negative DST is planned to be developed before the
1773    change is reapplied.  (Problems reported by Deborah Goldsmith and
1774    Stephen Colebourne.)
1775
1776  Changes to past timestamps
1777
1778    Japanese DST transitions (1948-1951) were Sundays at 00:00, not
1779    Saturdays or Sundays at 02:00.  (Thanks to Takayuki Nikai.)
1780
1781  Changes to build procedure
1782
1783    The build procedure now works around mawk 1.3.3's lack of support
1784    for character class expressions.  (Problem reported by Ohyama.)
1785
1786
1787Release 2018b - 2018-01-17 23:24:48 -0800
1788
1789  Briefly:
1790  Fix a packaging problem in tz2018a, which was missing 'pacificnew'.
1791
1792  Changes to build procedure
1793
1794    The distribution now contains the file 'pacificnew' again.
1795    This file was inadvertently omitted in the 2018a distribution.
1796    (Problem reported by Matias Fonzo.)
1797
1798
1799Release 2018a - 2018-01-12 22:29:21 -0800
1800
1801  Briefly:
1802  São Tomé and Príncipe switched from +00 to +01.
1803  Brazil's DST will now start on November's first Sunday.
1804  Ireland's standard time is now in the summer, not the winter.
1805  Use Debian-style installation locations, instead of 4.3BSD-style.
1806  New zic option -t.
1807
1808  Changes to past and future timestamps
1809
1810    São Tomé and Príncipe switched from +00 to +01 on 2018-01-01 at
1811    01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Michael Deckers.)
1812
1813  Changes to future timestamps
1814
1815    Starting in 2018 southern Brazil will begin DST on November's
1816    first Sunday instead of October's third Sunday.  (Thanks to
1817    Steffen Thorsen.)
1818
1819  Changes to past timestamps
1820
1821    A discrepancy of 4 s in timestamps before 1931 in South Sudan has
1822    been corrected.  The 'backzone' and 'zone.tab' files did not agree
1823    with the 'africa' and 'zone1970.tab' files.  (Problem reported by
1824    Michael Deckers.)
1825
1826    The abbreviation invented for Bolivia Summer Time (1931-2) is now
1827    BST instead of BOST, to be more consistent with the convention
1828    used for Latvian Summer Time (1918-9) and for British Summer Time.
1829
1830  Changes to tm_isdst
1831
1832    Change Europe/Dublin so that it observes Irish Standard Time (UT
1833    +01) in summer and GMT (as negative daylight-saving) in winter,
1834    instead of observing standard time (GMT) in winter and Irish
1835    Summer Time (UT +01) in summer.  This change does not affect UT
1836    offsets or abbreviations; it affects only whether timestamps are
1837    considered to be standard time or daylight-saving time, as
1838    expressed in the tm_isdst flag of C's struct tm type.
1839    (Discrepancy noted by Derick Rethans.)
1840
1841  Changes to build procedure
1842
1843    The default installation locations have been changed to mostly
1844    match Debian circa 2017, instead of being designed as an add-on to
1845    4.3BSD circa 1986.  This affects the Makefile macros TOPDIR,
1846    TZDIR, MANDIR, and LIBDIR.  New Makefile macros TZDEFAULT, USRDIR,
1847    USRSHAREDIR, BINDIR, ZDUMPDIR, and ZICDIR let installers tailor
1848    locations more precisely.  (This responds to suggestions from
1849    Brian Inglis and from Steve Summit.)
1850
1851    The default installation procedure no longer creates the
1852    backward-compatibility link US/Pacific-New, which causes
1853    confusion during user setup (e.g., see Debian bug 815200).
1854    Use 'make BACKWARD="backward pacificnew"' to create the link
1855    anyway, for now.  Eventually we plan to remove the link entirely.
1856
1857    tzdata.zi now contains a version-number comment.
1858    (Suggested by Tom Lane.)
1859
1860    The Makefile now quotes values like BACKWARD more carefully when
1861    passing them to the shell.  (Problem reported by Zefram.)
1862
1863    Builders no longer need to specify -DHAVE_SNPRINTF on platforms
1864    that have snprintf and use pre-C99 compilers.  (Problem reported
1865    by Jon Skeet.)
1866
1867  Changes to code
1868
1869    zic has a new option -t FILE that specifies the location of the
1870    file that determines local time when TZ is unset.  The default for
1871    this location can be configured via the new TZDEFAULT makefile
1872    macro, which defaults to /etc/localtime.
1873
1874    Diagnostics and commentary now distinguish UT from UTC more
1875    carefully; see theory.html for more information about UT vs UTC.
1876
1877    zic has been ported to GCC 8's -Wstringop-truncation option.
1878    (Problem reported by Martin Sebor.)
1879
1880  Changes to documentation and commentary
1881
1882    The zic man page now documents the longstanding behavior that
1883    times and years can be out of the usual range, with negative times
1884    counting backwards from midnight and with year 0 preceding year 1.
1885    (Problem reported by Michael Deckers.)
1886
1887    The theory.html file now mentions the POSIX limit of six chars
1888    per abbreviation, and lists alphabetic abbreviations used.
1889
1890    The files tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm have been renamed to
1891    tz-art.html and tz-link.html, respectively, for consistency with
1892    other file names and to simplify web server configuration.
1893
1894
1895Release 2017c - 2017-10-20 14:49:34 -0700
1896
1897  Briefly:
1898  Northern Cyprus switches from +03 to +02/+03 on 2017-10-29.
1899  Fiji ends DST 2018-01-14, not 2018-01-21.
1900  Namibia switches from +01/+02 to +02 on 2018-04-01.
1901  Sudan switches from +03 to +02 on 2017-11-01.
1902  Tonga likely switches from +13/+14 to +13 on 2017-11-05.
1903  Turks & Caicos switches from -04 to -05/-04 on 2018-11-04.
1904  A new file tzdata.zi now holds a small text copy of all data.
1905  The zic input format has been regularized slightly.
1906
1907  Changes to future timestamps
1908
1909    Northern Cyprus has decided to resume EU rules starting
1910    2017-10-29, thus reinstituting winter time.
1911
1912    Fiji ends DST 2018-01-14 instead of the 2018-01-21 previously
1913    predicted.  (Thanks to Dominic Fok.)  Adjust future predictions
1914    accordingly.
1915
1916    Namibia will switch from +01 with DST to +02 all year on
1917    2017-09-03 at 02:00.  This affects UT offsets starting 2018-04-01
1918    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
1919
1920    Sudan will switch from +03 to +02 on 2017-11-01.  (Thanks to Ahmed
1921    Atyya and Yahia Abdalla.)  South Sudan is not switching, so
1922    Africa/Juba is no longer a link to Africa/Khartoum.
1923
1924    Tonga has likely ended its experiment with DST, and will not
1925    adjust its clocks on 2017-11-05.  Although Tonga has not announced
1926    whether it will continue to observe DST, the IATA is assuming that
1927    it will not.  (Thanks to David Wade.)
1928
1929    Turks & Caicos will switch from -04 all year to -05 with US DST on
1930    2018-03-11 at 03:00.  This affects UT offsets starting 2018-11-04
1931    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
1932
1933  Changes to past timestamps
1934
1935    Namibia switched from +02 to +01 on 1994-03-21, not 1994-04-03.
1936    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
1937
1938    Detroit did not observe DST in 1967.
1939
1940    Use railway time for Asia/Kolkata before 1941, by switching to
1941    Madras local time (UT +052110) in 1870, then to IST (UT +0530) in
1942    1906.  Also, treat 1941-2's +0630 as DST, like 1942-5.
1943
1944    Europe/Dublin's 1946 and 1947 fallback transitions occurred at
1945    02:00 standard time, not 02:00 DST.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1946
1947    Pacific/Apia and Pacific/Pago_Pago switched from Antipodean to
1948    American time in 1892, not 1879.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1949
1950    Adjust the 1867 transition in Alaska to better reflect the
1951    historical record, by changing it to occur on 1867-10-18 at 15:30
1952    Sitka time rather than at the start of 1867-10-17 local time.
1953    Although strictly speaking this is accurate only for Sitka,
1954    the rest of Alaska's blanks need to be filled in somehow.
1955
1956    Fix off-by-one errors in UT offsets for Adak and Nome before 1867.
1957    (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
1958
1959    Add 7 s to the UT offset in Asia/Yangon before 1920.
1960
1961  Changes to zone names
1962
1963    Remove Canada/East-Saskatchewan from the 'backward' file, as it
1964    exceeded the 14-character limit and was an unused misnomer anyway.
1965
1966  Changes to build procedure
1967
1968    To support applications that prefer to read time zone data in text
1969    form, two zic input files tzdata.zi and leapseconds are now
1970    installed by default.  The commands 'zic tzdata.zi' and 'zic -L
1971    leapseconds tzdata.zi' can reproduce the tzdata binary files
1972    without and with leap seconds, respectively.  To prevent these two
1973    new files from being installed, use 'make TZDATA_TEXT=', and to
1974    suppress leap seconds from the tzdata text installation, use 'make
1975    TZDATA_TEXT=tzdata.zi'.
1976
1977    'make BACKWARD=' now suppresses backward-compatibility names
1978    like 'US/Pacific' that are defined in the 'backward' and
1979    'pacificnew' files.
1980
1981    'make check' now works on systems that lack a UTF-8 locale,
1982    or that lack the nsgmls program.  Set UTF8_LOCALE to configure
1983    the name of a UTF-8 locale, if you have one.
1984
1985    Y2K runtime checks are no longer enabled by default.  Add
1986    -DDEPRECATE_TWO_DIGIT_YEARS to CFLAGS to enable them, instead of
1987    adding -DNO_RUN_TIME_WARNINGS_ABOUT_YEAR_2000_PROBLEMS_THANK_YOU
1988    to disable them.  (New name suggested by Brian Inglis.)
1989
1990    The build procedure for zdump now works on AIX 7.1.
1991    (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
1992
1993  Changes to code
1994
1995    zic and the reference runtime now reject multiple leap seconds
1996    within 28 days of each other, or leap seconds before the Epoch.
1997    As a result, support for double leap seconds, which was
1998    obsolescent and undocumented, has been removed.  Double leap
1999    seconds were an error in the C89 standard; they have never existed
2000    in civil timekeeping.  (Thanks to Robert Elz and Bradley White for
2001    noticing glitches in the code that uncovered this problem.)
2002
2003    zic now warns about use of the obsolescent and undocumented -y
2004    option, and about use of the obsolescent TYPE field of Rule lines.
2005
2006    zic now allows unambiguous abbreviations like "Sa" and "Su" for
2007    weekdays; formerly it rejected them due to a bug.  Conversely, zic
2008    no longer considers non-prefixes to be abbreviations; for example,
2009    it no longer accepts "lF" as an abbreviation for "lastFriday".
2010    Also, zic warns about the undocumented usage with a "last-"
2011    prefix, e.g., "last-Fri".
2012
2013    Similarly, zic now accepts the unambiguous abbreviation "L" for
2014    "Link" in ordinary context and for "Leap" in leap-second context.
2015    Conversely, zic no longer accepts non-prefixes such as "La" as
2016    abbreviations for words like "Leap".
2017
2018    zic no longer accepts leap second lines in ordinary input, or
2019    ordinary lines in leap second input.  Formerly, zic sometimes
2020    warned about this undocumented usage and handled it incorrectly.
2021
2022    The new macro HAVE_TZNAME governs whether the tzname external
2023    variable is exported, instead of USG_COMPAT.  USG_COMPAT now
2024    governs only the external variables "timezone" and "daylight".
2025    This change is needed because the three variables are not in the
2026    same category: although POSIX requires tzname, it specifies the
2027    other two variables as optional.  Also, USG_COMPAT is now 1 or 0:
2028    if not defined, the code attempts to guess it from other macros.
2029
2030    localtime.c and difftime.c no longer require stdio.h, and .c files
2031    other than zic.c no longer require sys/wait.h.
2032
2033    zdump.c no longer assumes snprintf.  (Reported by Jonathan Leffler.)
2034
2035    Calculation of time_t extrema works around a bug in GCC 4.8.4
2036    (Reported by Stan Shebs and Joseph Myers.)
2037
2038    zic.c no longer mistranslates formats of line numbers in non-English
2039    locales.  (Problem reported by Benno Schulenberg.)
2040
2041    Several minor changes have been made to the code to make it a
2042    bit easier to port to MS-Windows and Solaris.  (Thanks to Kees
2043    Dekker for reporting the problems.)
2044
2045  Changes to documentation and commentary
2046
2047    The two new files 'theory.html' and 'calendars' contain the
2048    contents of the removed file 'Theory'.  The goal is to document
2049    tzdb theory more accessibly.
2050
2051    The zic man page now documents abbreviation rules.
2052
2053    tz-link.htm now covers how to apply tzdata changes to clients.
2054    (Thanks to Jorge Fábregas for the AIX link.)  It also mentions MySQL.
2055
2056    The leap-seconds.list URL has been updated to something that is
2057    more reliable for tzdb.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti and Brian Inglis.)
2058
2059Release 2017b - 2017-03-17 07:30:38 -0700
2060
2061  Briefly: Haiti has resumed DST.
2062
2063  Changes to past and future timestamps
2064
2065    Haiti resumed observance of DST in 2017.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2066
2067  Changes to past timestamps
2068
2069    Liberia changed from -004430 to +00 on 1972-01-07, not 1972-05-01.
2070
2071    Use "MMT" to abbreviate Liberia's time zone before 1972, as "-004430"
2072    is one byte over the POSIX limit.  (Problem reported by Derick Rethans.)
2073
2074  Changes to code
2075
2076    The reference localtime implementation now falls back on the
2077    current US daylight-saving transition rules rather than the
2078    1987-2006 rules.  This fallback occurs only when (1) the TZ
2079    environment variable has a value like "AST4ADT" that asks
2080    for daylight saving time but does not specify the rules, (2) there
2081    is no file by that name, and (3) the TZDEFRULES file cannot be
2082    loaded.  (Thanks to Tom Lane.)
2083
2084
2085Release 2017a - 2017-02-28 00:05:36 -0800
2086
2087  Briefly: Southern Chile moves from -04/-03 to -03, and Mongolia
2088  discontinues DST.
2089
2090  Changes to future timestamps
2091
2092    Mongolia no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Ganbold Tsagaankhuu.)
2093
2094    Chile's Region of Magallanes moves from -04/-03 to -03 year-round.
2095    Its clocks diverge from America/Santiago starting 2017-05-13 at
2096    23:00, hiving off a new zone America/Punta_Arenas.  Although the
2097    Chilean government says this change expires in May 2019, for now
2098    assume it's permanent.  (Thanks to Juan Correa and Deborah
2099    Goldsmith.)  This also affects Antarctica/Palmer.
2100
2101  Changes to past timestamps
2102
2103    Fix many entries for historical timestamps for Europe/Madrid
2104    before 1979, to agree with tables compiled by Pere Planesas of the
2105    National Astronomical Observatory of Spain.  As a side effect,
2106    this changes some timestamps for Africa/Ceuta before 1929, which
2107    are probably guesswork anyway.  (Thanks to Steve Allen and
2108    Pierpaolo Bernardi for the heads-ups, and to Michael Deckers for
2109    correcting the 1901 transition.)
2110
2111    Ecuador observed DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05.
2112    (Thanks to Alois Treindl.)
2113
2114    Asia/Atyrau and Asia/Oral were at +03 (not +04) before 1930-06-21.
2115    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2116
2117  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
2118
2119    Switch to numeric time zone abbreviations for South America, as
2120    part of the ongoing project of removing invented abbreviations.
2121    This avoids the need to invent an abbreviation for the new Chilean
2122    new zone.  Similarly, switch from invented to numeric time zone
2123    abbreviations for Afghanistan, American Samoa, the Azores,
2124    Bangladesh, Bhutan, the British Indian Ocean Territory, Brunei,
2125    Cape Verde, Chatham Is, Christmas I, Cocos (Keeling) Is, Cook Is,
2126    Dubai, East Timor, Eucla, Fiji, French Polynesia, Greenland,
2127    Indochina, Iran, Iraq, Kiribati, Lord Howe, Macquarie, Malaysia,
2128    the Maldives, Marshall Is, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongolia,
2129    Myanmar, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk I, Palau,
2130    Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Pitcairn, Qatar, Réunion, St
2131    Pierre & Miquelon, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore,
2132    Solomon Is, Tokelau, Tuvalu, Wake, Vanuatu, Wallis & Futuna, and
2133    Xinjiang; for 20-minute daylight saving time in Ghana before 1943;
2134    for half-hour daylight saving time in Belize before 1944 and in
2135    the Dominican Republic before 1975; and for Canary Islands before
2136    1946, for Guinea-Bissau before 1975, for Iceland before 1969, for
2137    Indian Summer Time before 1942, for Indonesia before around 1964,
2138    for Kenya before 1960, for Liberia before 1973, for Madeira before
2139    1967, for Namibia before 1943, for the Netherlands in 1937-9, for
2140    Pakistan before 1971, for Western Sahara before 1977, and for
2141    Zaporozhye in 1880-1924.
2142
2143    For Alaska time from 1900 through 1967, instead of "CAT" use the
2144    abbreviation "AST", the abbreviation commonly used at the time
2145    (Atlantic Standard Time had not been standardized yet).  Use "AWT"
2146    and "APT" instead of the invented abbreviations "CAWT" and "CAPT".
2147
2148    Use "CST" and "CDT" instead of invented abbreviations for Macau
2149    before 1999 and Taiwan before 1938, and use "JST" instead of the
2150    invented abbreviation "JCST" for Japan and Korea before 1938.
2151
2152  Change to database entry category
2153
2154    Move the Pacific/Johnston link from 'australasia' to 'backward',
2155    since Johnston is now uninhabited.
2156
2157  Changes to code
2158
2159    zic no longer mishandles some transitions in January 2038 when it
2160    attempts to work around Qt bug 53071.  This fixes a bug affecting
2161    Pacific/Tongatapu that was introduced in zic 2016e.  localtime.c
2162    now contains a workaround, useful when loading a file generated by
2163    a buggy zic.  (Problem and localtime.c fix reported by Bradley
2164    White.)
2165
2166    zdump -i now outputs non-hour numeric time zone abbreviations
2167    without a colon, e.g., "+0530" rather than "+05:30".  This agrees
2168    with zic %z and with common practice, and simplifies auditing of
2169    zdump output.
2170
2171    zdump is now buildable again with -DUSE_LTZ=0.
2172    (Problem reported by Joseph Myers.)
2173
2174    zdump.c now always includes private.h, to avoid code duplication
2175    with private.h.  (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
2176
2177    localtime.c no longer mishandles early or late timestamps
2178    when TZ is set to a POSIX-style string that specifies DST.
2179    (Problem reported by Kees Dekker.)
2180
2181    date and strftime now cause %z to generate "-0000" instead of
2182    "+0000" when the UT offset is zero and the time zone abbreviation
2183    begins with "-".
2184
2185  Changes to documentation and commentary
2186
2187    The 'Theory' file now better documents choice of historical time
2188    zone abbreviations.  (Problems reported by Michael Deckers.)
2189
2190    tz-link.htm now covers leap smearing, which is popular in clouds.
2191
2192
2193Release 2016j - 2016-11-22 23:17:13 -0800
2194
2195  Briefly: Saratov, Russia moves from +03 to +04 on 2016-12-04.
2196
2197  Changes to future timestamps
2198
2199    Saratov, Russia switches from +03 to +04 on 2016-12-04 at 02:00.
2200    This hives off a new zone Europe/Saratov from Europe/Volgograd.
2201    (Thanks to Yuri Konotopov and Stepan Golosunov.)
2202
2203  Changes to past timestamps
2204
2205    The new zone Asia/Atyrau for Atyraū Region, Kazakhstan, is like
2206    Asia/Aqtau except it switched from +05/+06 to +04/+05 in spring
2207    1999, not fall 1994.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2208
2209  Changes to past time zone abbreviations
2210
2211    Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron now use "EEST", not "EET", to denote
2212    summer time before 1948.  The old use of "EET" was a typo.
2213
2214  Changes to code
2215
2216    zic no longer mishandles file systems that lack hard links, fixing
2217    bugs introduced in 2016g.  (Problems reported by Tom Lane.)
2218    Also, when the destination already contains symbolic links, zic
2219    should now work better on systems where the 'link' system call
2220    does not follow symbolic links.
2221
2222  Changes to documentation and commentary
2223
2224    tz-link.htm now documents the relationship between release version
2225    numbers and development-repository commit tags.  (Suggested by
2226    Paul Koning.)
2227
2228    The 'Theory' file now documents UT.
2229
2230    iso3166.tab now accents "Curaçao", and commentary now mentions
2231    the names "Cabo Verde" and "Czechia".  (Thanks to Jiří Boháč.)
2232
2233
2234Release 2016i - 2016-11-01 23:19:52 -0700
2235
2236  Briefly: Cyprus split into two time zones on 2016-10-30, and Tonga
2237  reintroduces DST on 2016-11-06.
2238
2239  Changes to future timestamps
2240
2241    Pacific/Tongatapu begins DST on 2016-11-06 at 02:00, ending on
2242    2017-01-15 at 03:00.  Assume future observances in Tonga will be
2243    from the first Sunday in November through the third Sunday in
2244    January, like Fiji.  (Thanks to Pulu ʻAnau.)  Switch to numeric
2245    time zone abbreviations for this zone.
2246
2247  Changes to past and future timestamps
2248
2249    Northern Cyprus is now +03 year round, causing a split in Cyprus
2250    time zones starting 2016-10-30 at 04:00.  This creates a zone
2251    Asia/Famagusta.  (Thanks to Even Scharning and Matt Johnson.)
2252
2253    Antarctica/Casey switched from +08 to +11 on 2016-10-22.
2254    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2255
2256  Changes to past timestamps
2257
2258    Several corrections were made for pre-1975 timestamps in Italy.
2259    These affect Europe/Malta, Europe/Rome, Europe/San_Marino, and
2260    Europe/Vatican.
2261
2262    First, the 1893-11-01 00:00 transition in Italy used the new UT
2263    offset (+01), not the old (+00:49:56).  (Thanks to Michael
2264    Deckers.)
2265
2266    Second, rules for daylight saving in Italy were changed to agree
2267    with Italy's National Institute of Metrological Research (INRiM)
2268    except for 1944, as follows (thanks to Pierpaolo Bernardi, Brian
2269    Inglis, and Michael Deckers):
2270
2271      The 1916-06-03 transition was at 24:00, not 00:00.
2272
2273      The 1916-10-01, 1919-10-05, and 1920-09-19 transitions were at
2274      00:00, not 01:00.
2275
2276      The 1917-09-30 and 1918-10-06 transitions were at 24:00, not
2277      01:00.
2278
2279      The 1944-09-17 transition was at 03:00, not 01:00.  This
2280      particular change is taken from Italian law as INRiM's table,
2281      (which says 02:00) appears to have a typo here.  Also, keep the
2282      1944-04-03 transition for Europe/Rome, as Rome was controlled by
2283      Germany then.
2284
2285      The 1967-1970 and 1972-1974 fallback transitions were at 01:00,
2286      not 00:00.
2287
2288  Changes to code
2289
2290    The code should now be buildable on AmigaOS merely by setting the
2291    appropriate Makefile variables.  (From a patch by Carsten Larsen.)
2292
2293
2294Release 2016h - 2016-10-19 23:17:57 -0700
2295
2296  Changes to future timestamps
2297
2298    Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron end DST on 2016-10-29 at 01:00, not
2299    2016-10-21 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Sharef Mustafa.)  Predict that
2300    future fall transitions will be on the last Saturday of October
2301    at 01:00, which is consistent with predicted spring transitions
2302    on the last Saturday of March.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
2303
2304  Changes to past timestamps
2305
2306    In Turkey, transitions in 1986-1990 were at 01:00 standard time
2307    not at 02:00, and the spring 1994 transition was on March 20, not
2308    March 27.  (Thanks to Kıvanç Yazan.)
2309
2310  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
2311
2312    Asia/Colombo now uses numeric time zone abbreviations like "+0530"
2313    instead of alphabetic ones like "IST" and "LKT".  Various
2314    English-language sources use "IST", "LKT" and "SLST", with no
2315    working consensus.  (Usage of "SLST" mentioned by Sadika
2316    Sumanapala.)
2317
2318  Changes to code
2319
2320    zic no longer mishandles relativizing file names when creating
2321    symbolic links like /etc/localtime, when these symbolic links
2322    are outside the usual directory hierarchy.  This fixes a bug
2323    introduced in 2016g.  (Problem reported by Andreas Stieger.)
2324
2325  Changes to build procedure
2326
2327    New rules 'traditional_tarballs' and 'traditional_signatures' for
2328    building just the traditional-format distribution.  (Requested by
2329    Deborah Goldsmith.)
2330
2331    The file 'version' is now put into the tzdata tarball too.
2332    (Requested by Howard Hinnant.)
2333
2334  Changes to documentation and commentary
2335
2336    The 'Theory' file now has a section on interface stability.
2337    (Requested by Paul Koning.)  It also mentions features like
2338    tm_zone and localtime_rz that have long been supported by the
2339    reference code.
2340
2341    tz-link.htm has improved coverage of time zone boundaries suitable
2342    for geolocation.  (Thanks to heads-ups from Evan Siroky and Matt
2343    Johnson.)
2344
2345    The US commentary now mentions Allen and the "day of two noons".
2346
2347    The Fiji commentary mentions the government's 2016-10-03 press
2348    release.  (Thanks to Raymond Kumar.)
2349
2350
2351Release 2016g - 2016-09-13 08:56:38 -0700
2352
2353  Changes to future timestamps
2354
2355    Turkey switched from EET/EEST (+02/+03) to permanent +03,
2356    effective 2016-09-07.  (Thanks to Burak AYDIN.)  Use "+03" rather
2357    than an invented abbreviation for the new time.
2358
2359    New leap second 2016-12-31 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 52.
2360    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
2361
2362  Changes to past timestamps
2363
2364    For America/Los_Angeles, spring-forward transition times have been
2365    corrected from 02:00 to 02:01 in 1948, and from 02:00 to 01:00 in
2366    1950-1966.
2367
2368    For zones using Soviet time on 1919-07-01, transitions to UT-based
2369    time were at 00:00 UT, not at 02:00 local time.  The affected
2370    zones are Europe/Kirov, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Samara, and
2371    Europe/Ulyanovsk.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
2372
2373  Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations
2374
2375    The Factory zone now uses the time zone abbreviation -00 instead
2376    of a long English-language string, as -00 is now the normal way to
2377    represent an undefined time zone.
2378
2379    Several zones in Antarctica and the former Soviet Union, along
2380    with zones intended for ships at sea that cannot use POSIX TZ
2381    strings, now use numeric time zone abbreviations instead of
2382    invented or obsolete alphanumeric abbreviations.  The affected
2383    zones are Antarctica/Casey, Antarctica/Davis,
2384    Antarctica/DumontDUrville, Antarctica/Mawson, Antarctica/Rothera,
2385    Antarctica/Syowa, Antarctica/Troll, Antarctica/Vostok,
2386    Asia/Anadyr, Asia/Ashgabat, Asia/Baku, Asia/Bishkek, Asia/Chita,
2387    Asia/Dushanbe, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Kamchatka, Asia/Khandyga,
2388    Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Magadan, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Sakhalin,
2389    Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Srednekolymsk, Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Tbilisi,
2390    Asia/Ust-Nera, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Asia/Yekaterinburg,
2391    Asia/Yerevan, Etc/GMT-14, Etc/GMT-13, Etc/GMT-12, Etc/GMT-11,
2392    Etc/GMT-10, Etc/GMT-9, Etc/GMT-8, Etc/GMT-7, Etc/GMT-6, Etc/GMT-5,
2393    Etc/GMT-4, Etc/GMT-3, Etc/GMT-2, Etc/GMT-1, Etc/GMT+1, Etc/GMT+2,
2394    Etc/GMT+3, Etc/GMT+4, Etc/GMT+5, Etc/GMT+6, Etc/GMT+7, Etc/GMT+8,
2395    Etc/GMT+9, Etc/GMT+10, Etc/GMT+11, Etc/GMT+12, Europe/Kaliningrad,
2396    Europe/Minsk, Europe/Samara, Europe/Volgograd, and
2397    Indian/Kerguelen.  For Europe/Moscow the invented abbreviation MSM
2398    was replaced by +05, whereas MSK and MSD were kept as they are not
2399    our invention and are widely used.
2400
2401  Changes to zone names
2402
2403    Rename Asia/Rangoon to Asia/Yangon, with a backward compatibility link.
2404    (Thanks to David Massoud.)
2405
2406  Changes to code
2407
2408    zic no longer generates binary files containing POSIX TZ-like
2409    strings that disagree with the local time type after the last
2410    explicit transition in the data.  This fixes a bug with
2411    Africa/Casablanca and Africa/El_Aaiun in some year-2037 timestamps
2412    on the reference platform.  (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for
2413    reporting the bug and suggesting a way forward.)
2414
2415    If the installed localtime and/or posixrules files are symbolic
2416    links, zic now keeps them symbolic links when updating them, for
2417    compatibility with platforms like OpenSUSE where other programs
2418    configure these files as symlinks.
2419
2420    zic now avoids hard linking to symbolic links, avoids some
2421    unnecessary mkdir and stat system calls, and uses shorter file
2422    names internally.
2423
2424    zdump has a new -i option to generate transitions in a
2425    smaller but still human-readable format.  This option is
2426    experimental, and the output format may change in future versions.
2427    (Thanks to Jon Skeet for suggesting that an option was needed,
2428    and thanks to Tim Parenti and Chris Rovick for further comments.)
2429
2430  Changes to build procedure
2431
2432    An experimental distribution format is available, in addition
2433    to the traditional format which will continue to be distributed.
2434    The new format is a tarball tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz with signature
2435    file tzdb-VERSION.tar.lz.asc.  It unpacks to a top-level directory
2436    tzdb-VERSION containing the code and data of the traditional
2437    two-tarball format, along with extra data that may be useful.
2438    (Thanks to Antonio Diaz Diaz, Oscar van Vlijmen, and many others
2439    for comments about the experimental format.)
2440
2441    The release version number is now more accurate in the usual case
2442    where releases are built from a Git repository.  For example, if
2443    23 commits and some working-file changes have been made since
2444    release 2016g, the version number is now something like
2445    '2016g-23-g50556e3-dirty' instead of the misleading '2016g'.
2446    Tagged releases use the same version number format as before,
2447    e.g., '2016g'.  To support the more accurate version number, its
2448    specification has moved from a line in the Makefile to a new
2449    source file 'version'.
2450
2451    The experimental distribution contains a file to2050.tzs that
2452    contains what should be the output of 'zdump -i -c 2050' on
2453    primary zones.  If this file is available, 'make check' now checks
2454    that zdump generates this output.
2455
2456    'make check_web' now works on Fedora-like distributions.
2457
2458  Changes to documentation and commentary
2459
2460    tzfile.5 now documents the new restriction on POSIX TZ-like
2461    strings that is now implemented by zic.
2462
2463    Comments now cite URLs for some 1917-1921 Russian DST decrees.
2464    (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky.)
2465
2466    tz-link.htm mentions JuliaTime (thanks to Curtis Vogt) and Time4J
2467    (thanks to Meno Hochschild) and ThreeTen-Extra, and its
2468    description of Java 8 has been brought up to date (thanks to
2469    Stephen Colebourne).  Its description of local time on Mars has
2470    been updated to match current practice, and URLs have been updated
2471    and some obsolete ones removed.
2472
2473
2474Release 2016f - 2016-07-05 16:26:51 +0200
2475
2476  Changes affecting future timestamps
2477
2478    The Egyptian government changed its mind on short notice, and
2479    Africa/Cairo will not introduce DST starting 2016-07-07 after all.
2480    (Thanks to Mina Samuel.)
2481
2482    Asia/Novosibirsk switches from +06 to +07 on 2016-07-24 at 02:00.
2483    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2484
2485  Changes to past and future timestamps
2486
2487    Asia/Novokuznetsk and Asia/Novosibirsk now use numeric time zone
2488    abbreviations instead of invented ones.
2489
2490  Changes affecting past timestamps
2491
2492    Europe/Minsk's 1992-03-29 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 not 00:00.
2493    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2494
2495
2496Release 2016e - 2016-06-14 08:46:16 -0700
2497
2498  Changes affecting future timestamps
2499
2500    Africa/Cairo observes DST in 2016 from July 7 to the end of October.
2501    Guess October 27 and 24:00 transitions.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2502    For future years, guess April's last Thursday to October's last
2503    Thursday except for Ramadan.
2504
2505  Changes affecting past timestamps
2506
2507    Locations while uninhabited now use '-00', not 'zzz', as a
2508    placeholder time zone abbreviation.  This is inspired by Internet
2509    RFC 3339 and is more consistent with numeric time zone
2510    abbreviations already used elsewhere.  The change affects several
2511    arctic and antarctic locations, e.g., America/Cambridge_Bay before
2512    1920 and Antarctica/Troll before 2005.
2513
2514    Asia/Baku's 1992-09-27 transition from +04 (DST) to +04 (non-DST) was
2515    at 03:00, not 23:00 the previous day.  (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
2516
2517  Changes to code
2518
2519    zic now outputs a dummy transition at time 2**31 - 1 in zones
2520    whose POSIX-style TZ strings contain a '<'.  This mostly works
2521    around Qt bug 53071 <https://bugreports.qt.io/browse/QTBUG-53071>.
2522    (Thanks to Zhanibek Adilbekov for reporting the Qt bug.)
2523
2524  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
2525
2526    tz-link.htm says why governments should give plenty of notice for
2527    time zone or DST changes, and refers to Matt Johnson's blog post.
2528
2529    tz-link.htm mentions Tzdata for Elixir.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
2530
2531
2532Release 2016d - 2016-04-17 22:50:29 -0700
2533
2534  Changes affecting future timestamps
2535
2536    America/Caracas switches from -0430 to -04 on 2016-05-01 at 02:30.
2537    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev for the heads-up.)
2538
2539    Asia/Magadan switches from +10 to +11 on 2016-04-24 at 02:00.
2540    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev and Matt Johnson.)
2541
2542    New zone Asia/Tomsk, split off from Asia/Novosibirsk.  It covers
2543    Tomsk Oblast, Russia, which switches from +06 to +07 on 2016-05-29
2544    at 02:00.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2545
2546  Changes affecting past timestamps
2547
2548    New zone Europe/Kirov, split off from Europe/Volgograd.  It covers
2549    Kirov Oblast, Russia, which switched from +04/+05 to +03/+04 on
2550    1989-03-26 at 02:00, roughly a year after Europe/Volgograd made
2551    the same change.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2552
2553    Russia and nearby locations had daylight-saving transitions on
2554    1992-03-29 at 02:00 and 1992-09-27 at 03:00, instead of on
2555    1992-03-28 at 23:00 and 1992-09-26 at 23:00.  (Thanks to Stepan
2556    Golosunov.)
2557
2558    Many corrections to historical time in Kazakhstan from 1991
2559    through 2005.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)  Replace Kazakhstan's
2560    invented time zone abbreviations with numeric abbreviations.
2561
2562  Changes to commentary
2563
2564    Mention Internet RFCs 7808 (TZDIST) and 7809 (CalDAV time zone references).
2565
2566
2567Release 2016c - 2016-03-23 00:51:27 -0700
2568
2569  Changes affecting future timestamps
2570
2571    Azerbaijan no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2572
2573    Chile reverts from permanent to seasonal DST.  (Thanks to Juan
2574    Correa for the heads-up, and to Tim Parenti for corrections.)
2575    Guess that future transitions are August's and May's second
2576    Saturdays at 24:00 mainland time.  Also, call the period from
2577    2014-09-07 through 2016-05-14 daylight saving time instead of
2578    standard time, as that seems more appropriate now.
2579
2580  Changes affecting past timestamps
2581
2582    Europe/Kaliningrad and Europe/Vilnius changed from +03/+04 to
2583    +02/+03 on 1989-03-26, not 1991-03-31.  Europe/Volgograd changed
2584    from +04/+05 to +03/+04 on 1988-03-27, not 1989-03-26.
2585    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2586
2587  Changes to commentary
2588
2589    Several updates and URLs for historical and proposed Russian changes.
2590    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov, Matt Johnson, and Alexander Krivenyshev.)
2591
2592
2593Release 2016b - 2016-03-12 17:30:14 -0800
2594
2595  Compatibility note
2596
2597    Starting with release 2016b, some data entries cause zic implementations
2598    derived from tz releases 2005j through 2015e to issue warnings like
2599    "time zone abbreviation differs from POSIX standard (+03)".
2600    These warnings should not otherwise affect zic's output and can safely be
2601    ignored on today's platforms, as the warnings refer to a restriction in
2602    POSIX.1-1988 that was removed in POSIX.1-2001.  One way to suppress the
2603    warnings is to upgrade to zic derived from tz releases 2015f and later.
2604
2605  Changes affecting future timestamps
2606
2607    New zones Europe/Astrakhan and Europe/Ulyanovsk for Astrakhan and
2608    Ulyanovsk Oblasts, Russia, both of which will switch from +03 to +04 on
2609    2016-03-27 at 02:00 local time.  They need distinct zones since their
2610    post-1970 histories disagree.  New zone Asia/Barnaul for Altai Krai and
2611    Altai Republic, Russia, which will switch from +06 to +07 on the same date
2612    and local time.  The Astrakhan change is already official; the others have
2613    passed the first reading in the State Duma and are extremely likely.
2614    Also, Asia/Sakhalin moves from +10 to +11 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00.
2615    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev for the heads-up, and to Matt Johnson
2616    and Stepan Golosunov for followup.)
2617
2618    As a trial of a new system that needs less information to be made up,
2619    the new zones use numeric time zone abbreviations like "+04"
2620    instead of invented abbreviations like "ASTT".
2621
2622    Haiti will not observe DST in 2016.  (Thanks to Jean Antoine via
2623    Steffen Thorsen.)
2624
2625    Palestine's spring-forward transition on 2016-03-26 is at 01:00, not 00:00.
2626    (Thanks to Hannah Kreitem.) Guess future transitions will be March's last
2627    Saturday at 01:00, not March's last Friday at 24:00.
2628
2629  Changes affecting past timestamps
2630
2631    Europe/Chisinau observed DST during 1990, and switched from +04 to
2632    +03 at 1990-05-06 02:00, instead of switching from +03 to +02.
2633    (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2634
2635    1991 abbreviations in Europe/Samara should be SAMT/SAMST, not
2636    KUYT/KUYST.  (Thanks to Stepan Golosunov.)
2637
2638  Changes to code
2639
2640    tzselect's diagnostics and checking, and checktab.awk's checking,
2641    have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
2642
2643    tzcode now builds under MinGW.  (Thanks to Ian Abbott and Esben Haabendal.)
2644
2645    tzselect now tests Julian-date TZ settings more accurately.
2646    (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
2647
2648  Changes to commentary
2649
2650    Comments in zone tables have been improved.  (Thanks to J William Piggott.)
2651
2652    tzselect again limits its menu comments so that menus fit on a
2653    24×80 alphanumeric display.
2654
2655    A new web page tz-how-to.html.  (Thanks to Bill Seymour.)
2656
2657    In the Theory file, the description of possible time zone abbreviations in
2658    tzdata has been cleaned up, as the old description was unclear and
2659    inconsistent.  (Thanks to Alain Mouette for reporting the problem.)
2660
2661
2662Release 2016a - 2016-01-26 23:28:02 -0800
2663
2664  Changes affecting future timestamps
2665
2666    America/Cayman will not observe daylight saving this year after all.
2667    Revert our guess that it would.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
2668
2669    Asia/Chita switches from +0800 to +0900 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00.
2670    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
2671
2672    Asia/Tehran now has DST predictions for the year 2038 and later,
2673    to be March 21 00:00 to September 21 00:00.  This is likely better
2674    than predicting no DST, albeit off by a day every now and then.
2675
2676  Changes affecting past and future timestamps
2677
2678    America/Metlakatla switched from PST all year to AKST/AKDT on
2679    2015-11-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2680
2681    America/Santa_Isabel has been removed, and replaced with a
2682    backward compatibility link to America/Tijuana.  Its contents were
2683    apparently based on a misreading of Mexican legislation.
2684
2685  Changes affecting past timestamps
2686
2687    Asia/Karachi's two transition times in 2002 were off by a minute.
2688    (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
2689
2690  Changes affecting build procedure
2691
2692    An installer can now combine leap seconds with use of the backzone file,
2693    e.g., with 'make PACKRATDATA=backzone REDO=posix_right zones'.
2694    The old 'make posix_packrat' rule is now marked as obsolescent.
2695    (Thanks to Ian Abbott for an initial implementation.)
2696
2697  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
2698
2699    A new file LICENSE makes it easier to see that the code and data
2700    are mostly public-domain.  (Thanks to James Knight.)  The three
2701    non-public-domain files now use the current (3-clause) BSD license
2702    instead of older versions of that license.
2703
2704    tz-link.htm mentions the BDE library (thanks to Andrew Paprocki),
2705    CCTZ (thanks to Tim Parenti), TimeJones.com, and has a new section
2706    on editing tz source files (with a mention of Sublime zoneinfo,
2707    thanks to Gilmore Davidson).
2708
2709    The Theory and asia files now mention the 2015 book "The Global
2710    Transformation of Time, 1870-1950", and cite a couple of reviews.
2711
2712    The America/Chicago entry now documents the informal use of US
2713    central time in Fort Pierre, South Dakota.  (Thanks to Rick
2714    McDermid, Matt Johnson, and Steve Jones.)
2715
2716
2717Release 2015g - 2015-10-01 00:39:51 -0700
2718
2719  Changes affecting future timestamps
2720
2721    Turkey's 2015 fall-back transition is scheduled for Nov. 8, not Oct. 25.
2722    (Thanks to Fatih.)
2723
2724    Norfolk moves from +1130 to +1100 on 2015-10-04 at 02:00 local time.
2725    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
2726
2727    Fiji's 2016 fall-back transition is scheduled for January 17, not 24.
2728    (Thanks to Ken Rylander.)
2729
2730    Fort Nelson, British Columbia will not fall back on 2015-11-01.  It has
2731    effectively been on MST (-0700) since it advanced its clocks on 2015-03-08.
2732    New zone America/Fort_Nelson.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
2733
2734  Changes affecting past timestamps
2735
2736    Norfolk observed DST from 1974-10-27 02:00 to 1975-03-02 02:00.
2737
2738  Changes affecting code
2739
2740    localtime no longer mishandles America/Anchorage after 2037.
2741    (Thanks to Bradley White for reporting the bug.)
2742
2743    On hosts with signed 32-bit time_t, localtime no longer mishandles
2744    Pacific/Fiji after 2038-01-16 14:00 UTC.
2745
2746    The localtime module allows the variables 'timezone', 'daylight',
2747    and 'altzone' to be in common storage shared with other modules,
2748    and declares them in case the system <time.h> does not.
2749    (Problems reported by Kees Dekker.)
2750
2751    On platforms with tm_zone, strftime.c now assumes it is not NULL.
2752    This simplifies the code and is consistent with zdump.c.
2753    (Problem reported by Christos Zoulas.)
2754
2755  Changes affecting documentation
2756
2757   The tzfile man page now documents that transition times denote the
2758   starts (not the ends) of the corresponding time periods.
2759   (Ambiguity reported by Bill Seymour.)
2760
2761
2762Release 2015f - 2015-08-10 18:06:56 -0700
2763
2764  Changes affecting future timestamps
2765
2766    North Korea switches to +0830 on 2015-08-15.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2767    The abbreviation remains "KST".  (Thanks to Robert Elz.)
2768
2769    Uruguay no longer observes DST.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen
2770    and Pablo Camargo.)
2771
2772  Changes affecting past and future timestamps
2773
2774    Moldova starts and ends DST at 00:00 UTC, not at 01:00 UTC.
2775    (Thanks to Roman Tudos.)
2776
2777  Changes affecting data format and code
2778
2779    zic's '-y YEARISTYPE' option is no longer documented.  The TYPE
2780    field of a Rule line should now be '-'; the old values 'even',
2781    'odd', 'uspres', 'nonpres', 'nonuspres' were already undocumented.
2782    Although the implementation has not changed, these features do not
2783    work in the default installation, they are not used in the data,
2784    and they are now considered obsolescent.
2785
2786    zic now checks that two rules don't take effect at the same time.
2787    (Thanks to Jon Skeet and Arthur David Olson.)  Constraints on
2788    simultaneity are now documented.
2789
2790    The two characters '%z' in a zone format now stand for the UT
2791    offset, e.g., '-07' for seven hours behind UT and '+0530' for
2792    five hours and thirty minutes ahead.  This better supports time
2793    zone abbreviations conforming to POSIX.1-2001 and later.
2794
2795  Changes affecting installed data files
2796
2797    Comments for America/Halifax and America/Glace_Bay have been improved.
2798    (Thanks to Brian Inglis.)
2799
2800    Data entries have been simplified for Atlantic/Canary, Europe/Simferopol,
2801    Europe/Sofia, and Europe/Tallinn.  This yields slightly smaller
2802    installed data files for Europe/Simferopol and Europe/Tallinn.
2803    It does not affect timestamps.  (Thanks to Howard Hinnant.)
2804
2805  Changes affecting code
2806
2807    zdump and zic no longer warn about valid time zone abbreviations
2808    like '-05'.
2809
2810    Some Visual Studio 2013 warnings have been suppressed.
2811    (Thanks to Kees Dekker.)
2812
2813    'date' no longer sets the time of day and its -a, -d, -n and -t
2814    options have been removed.  Long obsolescent, the implementation
2815    of these features had porting problems.  Builders no longer need
2816    to configure HAVE_ADJTIME, HAVE_SETTIMEOFDAY, or HAVE_UTMPX_H.
2817    (Thanks to Kees Dekker for pointing out the problem.)
2818
2819  Changes affecting documentation
2820
2821    The Theory file mentions naming issues earlier, as these seem to be
2822    poorly publicized (thanks to Gilmore Davidson for reporting the problem).
2823
2824    tz-link.htm mentions Time Zone Database Parser (thanks to Howard Hinnant).
2825
2826    Mention that Herbert Samuel introduced the term "Summer Time".
2827
2828
2829Release 2015e - 2015-06-13 10:56:02 -0700
2830
2831  Changes affecting future timestamps
2832
2833    Morocco will suspend DST from 2015-06-14 03:00 through 2015-07-19 02:00,
2834    not 06-13 and 07-18 as we had guessed.  (Thanks to Milamber.)
2835
2836    Assume Cayman Islands will observe DST starting next year, using US rules.
2837    Although it isn't guaranteed, it is the most likely.
2838
2839  Changes affecting data format
2840
2841    The file 'iso3166.tab' now uses UTF-8, so that its entries can better
2842    spell the names of Åland Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, and Réunion.
2843
2844  Changes affecting code
2845
2846    When displaying data, tzselect converts it to the current locale's
2847    encoding if the iconv command works.  (Problem reported by random832.)
2848
2849    tzselect no longer mishandles Dominica, fixing a bug introduced
2850    in Release 2014f.  (Problem reported by Owen Leibman.)
2851
2852    zic -l no longer fails when compiled with -DTZDEFAULT=\"/etc/localtime\".
2853    This fixes a bug introduced in Release 2014f.
2854    (Problem reported by Leonardo Chiquitto.)
2855
2856
2857Release 2015d - 2015-04-24 08:09:46 -0700
2858
2859  Changes affecting future timestamps
2860
2861    Egypt will not observe DST in 2015 and will consider canceling it
2862    permanently.  For now, assume no DST indefinitely.
2863    (Thanks to Ahmed Nazmy and Tim Parenti.)
2864
2865  Changes affecting past timestamps
2866
2867    America/Whitehorse switched from UT -09 to -08 on 1967-05-28, not
2868    1966-07-01.  Also, Yukon's time zone history is documented better.
2869    (Thanks to Brian Inglis and Dennis Ferguson.)
2870
2871  Change affecting past and future time zone abbreviations
2872
2873    The abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian standard and daylight times
2874    have been changed from HAST/HADT to HST/HDT, as per US Government
2875    Printing Office style.  This affects only America/Adak since 1983,
2876    as America/Honolulu was already using the new style.
2877
2878  Changes affecting code
2879
2880   zic has some minor performance improvements.
2881
2882
2883Release 2015c - 2015-04-11 08:55:55 -0700
2884
2885  Changes affecting future timestamps
2886
2887    Egypt's spring-forward transition is at 24:00 on April's last Thursday,
2888    not 00:00 on April's last Friday.  2015's transition will therefore be on
2889    Thursday, April 30 at 24:00, not Friday, April 24 at 00:00.  Similar fixes
2890    apply to 2026, 2037, 2043, etc.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2891
2892  Changes affecting past timestamps
2893
2894    The following changes affect some pre-1991 Chile-related timestamps
2895    in America/Santiago, Antarctica/Palmer, and Pacific/Easter.
2896
2897      The 1910 transition was January 10, not January 1.
2898
2899      The 1918 transition was September 10, not September 1.
2900
2901      The UT -04 time observed from 1932 to 1942 is now considered to
2902      be standard time, not year-round DST.
2903
2904      Santiago observed DST (UT -03) from 1946-07-15 through
2905      1946-08-31, then reverted to standard time, then switched to -05
2906      on 1947-04-01.
2907
2908      Assume transitions before 1968 were at 00:00, since we have no data
2909      saying otherwise.
2910
2911      The spring 1988 transition was 1988-10-09, not 1988-10-02.
2912      The fall 1990 transition was 1990-03-11, not 1990-03-18.
2913
2914      Assume no UT offset change for Pacific/Easter on 1890-01-01,
2915      and omit all transitions on Pacific/Easter from 1942 through 1946
2916      since we have no data suggesting that they existed.
2917
2918    One more zone has been turned into a link, as it differed
2919    from an existing zone only for older timestamps.  As usual,
2920    this change affects UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
2921    The zone's old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
2922    The affected zone is America/Montreal.
2923
2924  Changes affecting commentary
2925
2926    Mention the TZUpdater tool.
2927
2928    Mention "The Time Now".  (Thanks to Brandon Ramsey.)
2929
2930
2931Release 2015b - 2015-03-19 23:28:11 -0700
2932
2933  Changes affecting future timestamps
2934
2935    Mongolia will start observing DST again this year, from the last
2936    Saturday in March at 02:00 to the last Saturday in September at 00:00.
2937    (Thanks to Ganbold Tsagaankhuu.)
2938
2939    Palestine will start DST on March 28, not March 27.  Also,
2940    correct the fall 2014 transition from September 26 to October 24.
2941    Adjust future predictions accordingly.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
2942
2943  Changes affecting past timestamps
2944
2945    The 1982 zone shift in Pacific/Easter has been corrected, fixing a 2015a
2946    regression.  (Thanks to Stuart Bishop for reporting the problem.)
2947
2948    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
2949    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
2950    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
2951    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
2952    The affected zones are: America/Antigua, America/Cayman,
2953    Pacific/Midway, and Pacific/Saipan.
2954
2955  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
2956
2957    Correct the 1992-2010 DST abbreviation in Volgograd from "MSK" to "MSD".
2958    (Thanks to Hank W.)
2959
2960  Changes affecting code
2961
2962    Fix integer overflow bug in reference 'mktime' implementation.
2963    (Problem reported by Jörg Richter.)
2964
2965    Allow -Dtime_tz=time_t compilations, and allow -Dtime_tz=... libraries
2966    to be used in the same executable as standard-library time_t functions.
2967    (Problems reported by Bradley White.)
2968
2969  Changes affecting commentary
2970
2971    Cite the recent Mexican decree changing Quintana Roo's time zone.
2972    (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
2973
2974    Likewise for the recent Chilean decree.  (Thanks to Eduardo Romero Urra.)
2975
2976    Update info about Mars time.
2977
2978
2979Release 2015a - 2015-01-29 22:35:20 -0800
2980
2981  Changes affecting future timestamps
2982
2983    The Mexican state of Quintana Roo, represented by America/Cancun,
2984    will shift from Central Time with DST to Eastern Time without DST
2985    on 2015-02-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Gwillim Law.)
2986
2987    Chile will not change clocks in April or thereafter; its new standard time
2988    will be its old daylight saving time.  This affects America/Santiago,
2989    Pacific/Easter, and Antarctica/Palmer.  (Thanks to Juan Correa.)
2990
2991    New leap second 2015-06-30 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 49.
2992    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
2993
2994  Changes affecting past timestamps
2995
2996    Iceland observed DST in 1919 and 1921, and its 1939 fallback
2997    transition was Oct. 29, not Nov. 29.  Remove incorrect data from
2998    Shanks about time in Iceland between 1837 and 1908.
2999
3000    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
3001    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
3002    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
3003    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
3004    The affected zones are: Asia/Aden, Asia/Bahrain, Asia/Kuwait,
3005    and Asia/Muscat.
3006
3007  Changes affecting code
3008
3009    tzalloc now scrubs time zone abbreviations compatibly with the way
3010    that tzset always has, by replacing invalid bytes with '_' and by
3011    shortening too-long abbreviations.
3012
3013    tzselect ports to POSIX awk implementations, no longer mishandles
3014    POSIX TZ settings when GNU awk is used, and reports POSIX TZ
3015    settings to the user.  (Thanks to Stefan Kuhn.)
3016
3017  Changes affecting build procedure
3018
3019    'make check' now checks for links to links in the data.
3020    One such link (for Africa/Asmera) has been fixed.
3021    (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing out the problem.)
3022
3023  Changes affecting commentary
3024
3025    The leapseconds file commentary now mentions the expiration date.
3026    (Problem reported by Martin Burnicki.)
3027
3028    Update Mexican Library of Congress URL.
3029
3030
3031Release 2014j - 2014-11-10 17:37:11 -0800
3032
3033  Changes affecting current and future timestamps
3034
3035    Turks & Caicos' switch from US eastern time to UT -04 year-round
3036    did not occur on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.  It's currently scheduled
3037    for 2015-11-01 at 02:00.  (Thanks to Chris Walton.)
3038
3039  Changes affecting past timestamps
3040
3041    Many pre-1989 timestamps have been corrected for Asia/Seoul and
3042    Asia/Pyongyang, based on sources for the Korean-language Wikipedia
3043    entry for time in Korea.  (Thanks to Sanghyuk Jung.)  Also, no
3044    longer guess that Pyongyang mimicked Seoul time after World War II,
3045    as this is politically implausible.
3046
3047    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
3048    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
3049    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
3050    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
3051    The affected zones are: Africa/Addis_Ababa, Africa/Asmara,
3052    Africa/Dar_es_Salaam, Africa/Djibouti, Africa/Kampala,
3053    Africa/Mogadishu, Indian/Antananarivo, Indian/Comoro, and
3054    Indian/Mayotte.
3055
3056  Changes affecting commentary
3057
3058    The commentary is less enthusiastic about Shanks as a source,
3059    and is more careful to distinguish UT from UTC.
3060
3061
3062Release 2014i - 2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700
3063
3064  Changes affecting future timestamps
3065
3066    Pacific/Fiji will observe DST from 2014-11-02 02:00 to 2015-01-18 03:00.
3067    (Thanks to Ken Rylander for the heads-up.)  Guess that future
3068    years will use a similar pattern.
3069
3070    A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea
3071    that plans to switch from UT +10 to +11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00.
3072    (Thanks to Kiley Walbom for the heads-up.)
3073
3074  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
3075
3076    Since Belarus is not changing its clocks even though Moscow is,
3077    the time zone abbreviation in Europe/Minsk is changing from FET
3078    to its more traditional value MSK on 2014-10-26 at 01:00.
3079    (Thanks to Alexander Bokovoy for the heads-up about Belarus.)
3080
3081    The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT +08 in
3082    Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (+07).
3083
3084  Changes affecting past timestamps
3085
3086    Many timestamps have been corrected for Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh before 1976
3087    (thanks to Trần Ngọc Quân for an indirect pointer to Trần Tiến Bình's
3088    authoritative book).  Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh has been added to
3089    zone1970.tab, to give tzselect users in Vietnam two choices,
3090    since north and south Vietnam disagreed after our 1970 cutoff.
3091
3092    Asia/Phnom_Penh and Asia/Vientiane have been turned into links, as
3093    they differed from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As
3094    usual, these changes affect pre-1970 timestamps only.  Their old
3095    contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
3096
3097  Changes affecting code
3098
3099    The time-related library functions now set errno on failure, and
3100    some crashes in the new tzalloc-related library functions have
3101    been fixed.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for reporting most of
3102    these problems and for suggesting fixes.)
3103
3104    If USG_COMPAT is defined and the requested timestamp is standard time,
3105    the tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set the extern
3106    variable timezone to a value appropriate for that timestamp; and
3107    similarly for ALTZONE, daylight saving time, and the altzone variable.
3108    This change is a companion to the tzname change in 2014h, and is
3109    designed to make timezone and altzone more compatible with tzname.
3110
3111    The tz library's functions now set errno to EOVERFLOW if they fail
3112    because the result cannot be represented.  ctime and ctime_r now
3113    return NULL and set errno when a timestamp is out of range, rather
3114    than having undefined behavior.
3115
3116    Some bugs associated with the new 2014g functions have been fixed.
3117    This includes a bug that largely incapacitated the new functions
3118    time2posix_z and posix2time_z.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas.)
3119    It also includes some uses of uninitialized variables after tzalloc.
3120    The new code uses the standard type 'ssize_t', which the Makefile
3121    now gives porting advice about.
3122
3123  Changes affecting commentary
3124
3125    Updated URLs for NRC Canada (thanks to Matt Johnson and Brian Inglis).
3126
3127
3128Release 2014h - 2014-09-25 18:59:03 -0700
3129
3130  Changes affecting past timestamps
3131
3132    America/Jamaica's 1974 spring-forward transition was Jan. 6, not Apr. 28.
3133
3134    Shanks says Asia/Novokuznetsk switched from LMT (not "NMT") on 1924-05-01,
3135    not 1920-01-06.  The old entry was based on a misinterpretation of Shanks.
3136
3137    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
3138    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
3139    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
3140    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
3141    The affected zones are: Africa/Blantyre, Africa/Bujumbura,
3142    Africa/Gaborone, Africa/Harare, Africa/Kigali, Africa/Lubumbashi,
3143    Africa/Lusaka, Africa/Maseru, and Africa/Mbabane.
3144
3145  Changes affecting code
3146
3147    zdump -V and -v now output gmtoff= values on all platforms,
3148    not merely on platforms defining TM_GMTOFF.
3149
3150    The tz library's localtime and mktime functions now set tzname to a value
3151    appropriate for the requested timestamp, and zdump now uses this
3152    on platforms not defining TM_ZONE, fixing a 2014g regression.
3153    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
3154
3155    The tz library no longer sets tzname if localtime or mktime fails.
3156
3157    zdump -c no longer mishandles transitions near year boundaries.
3158    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
3159
3160    An access to uninitialized data has been fixed.
3161    (Thanks to Jörg Richter for reporting the problem.)
3162
3163    When THREAD_SAFE is defined, the code ports to the C11 memory model.
3164    A memory leak has been fixed if ALL_STATE and THREAD_SAFE are defined
3165    and two threads race to initialize data used by gmtime-like functions.
3166    (Thanks to Andy Heninger for reporting the problems.)
3167
3168  Changes affecting build procedure
3169
3170    'make check' now checks better for properly sorted data.
3171
3172  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3173
3174    zdump's gmtoff=N output is now documented, and its isdst=D output
3175    is now documented to possibly output D values other than 0 or 1.
3176
3177    zdump -c's treatment of years is now documented to use the
3178    Gregorian calendar and Universal Time without leap seconds,
3179    and its behavior at cutoff boundaries is now documented better.
3180    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson and Tim Parenti for reporting the problems.)
3181
3182    Programs are now documented to use the proleptic Gregorian calendar.
3183    (Thanks to Alan Barrett for the suggestion.)
3184
3185    Fractional-second GMT offsets have been documented for civil time
3186    in 19th-century Chennai, Jakarta, and New York.
3187
3188
3189Release 2014g - 2014-08-28 12:31:23 -0700
3190
3191  Changes affecting future timestamps
3192
3193    Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UT -04
3194    year-round, modeled as a switch on 2014-11-02 at 02:00.
3195    [As noted in 2014j, this switch was later delayed.]
3196
3197  Changes affecting past timestamps
3198
3199    Time in Russia or the USSR before 1926 or so has been corrected by
3200    a few seconds in the following zones: Asia/Irkutsk,
3201    Asia/Krasnoyarsk, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Samarkand, Asia/Tbilisi,
3202    Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yakutsk, Europe/Riga, Europe/Samara.  For
3203    Asia/Yekaterinburg the correction is a few minutes.  (Thanks to
3204    Vladimir Karpinsky.)
3205
3206    The Portuguese decree of 1911-05-26 took effect on 1912-01-01.
3207    This affects 1911 timestamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda,
3208    Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira.  Also, Lisbon's pre-1912
3209    GMT offset was -0:36:45 (rounded from -0:36:44.68), not -0:36:32.
3210    (Thanks to Stephen Colebourne for pointing to the decree.)
3211
3212    Asia/Dhaka ended DST on 2009-12-31 at 24:00, not 23:59.
3213
3214    A new file 'backzone' contains data which may appeal to
3215    connoisseurs of old timestamps, although it is out of scope for
3216    the tz database, is often poorly sourced, and contains some data
3217    that is known to be incorrect.  The new file is not recommended
3218    for ordinary use and its entries are not installed by default.
3219    (Thanks to Lester Caine for the high-quality Jersey, Guernsey, and
3220    Isle of Man entries.)
3221
3222    Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed
3223    from existing zones only for older timestamps.  As usual,
3224    these changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.
3225    Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file.
3226    The affected zones are: Africa/Bangui, Africa/Brazzaville,
3227    Africa/Douala, Africa/Kinshasa, Africa/Libreville, Africa/Luanda,
3228    Africa/Malabo, Africa/Niamey, and Africa/Porto-Novo.
3229
3230  Changes affecting code
3231
3232    Unless NETBSD_INSPIRED is defined to 0, the tz library now
3233    supplies functions for creating and using objects that represent
3234    timezones. The new functions are tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz,
3235    mktime_z, and (if STD_INSPIRED is also defined) posix2time_z and
3236    time2posix_z.  They are intended for performance: for example,
3237    localtime_rz (unlike localtime_r) is trivially thread-safe without
3238    locking.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas for proposing NetBSD-inspired
3239    functions, and to Alan Barrett and Jonathan Lennox for helping to
3240    debug the change.)
3241
3242    zdump now builds with the tz library unless USE_LTZ is defined to 0,
3243    This lets zdump use tz features even if the system library lacks them.
3244    To build zdump with the system library, use 'make CFLAGS=-DUSE_LTZ=0
3245    TZDOBJS=zdump.o CHECK_TIME_T_ALTERNATIVES='.
3246
3247    zdump now uses localtime_rz if available, as it's significantly faster,
3248    and it can help zdump better diagnose invalid timezone names.
3249    Define HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ to 0 to suppress this.  HAVE_LOCALTIME_RZ
3250    defaults to 1 if NETBSD_INSPIRED && USE_LTZ.  When localtime_rz is
3251    not available, zdump now uses localtime_r and tzset if available,
3252    as this is a bit cleaner and faster than plain localtime.  Compile
3253    with -DHAVE_LOCALTIME_R=0 and/or -DHAVE_TZSET=0 if your system
3254    lacks these two functions.
3255
3256    If THREAD_SAFE is defined to 1, the tz library is now thread-safe.
3257    Although not needed for tz's own applications, which are single-threaded,
3258    this supports POSIX better if the tz library is used in multithreaded apps.
3259
3260    Some crashes have been fixed when zdump or the tz library is given
3261    invalid or outlandish input.
3262
3263    The tz library no longer mishandles leap seconds on platforms with
3264    unsigned time_t in timezones that lack ordinary transitions after 1970.
3265
3266    The tz code now attempts to infer TM_GMTOFF and TM_ZONE if not
3267    already defined, to make it easier to configure on common platforms.
3268    Define NO_TM_GMTOFF and NO_TM_ZONE to suppress this.
3269
3270    Unless the new macro UNINIT_TRAP is defined to 1, the tz code now
3271    assumes that reading uninitialized memory yields garbage values
3272    but does not cause other problems such as traps.
3273
3274    If TM_GMTOFF is defined and UNINIT_TRAP is 0, mktime is now
3275    more likely to guess right for ambiguous timestamps near
3276    transitions where tm_isdst does not change.
3277
3278    If HAVE_STRFTIME_L is defined to 1, the tz library now defines
3279    strftime_l for compatibility with recent versions of POSIX.
3280    Only the C locale is supported, though.  HAVE_STRFTIME_L defaults
3281    to 1 on recent POSIX versions, and to 0 otherwise.
3282
3283    tzselect -c now uses a hybrid distance measure that works better
3284    in Africa.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett for noting the problem.)
3285
3286    The C source code now ports to NetBSD when GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS is used,
3287    or when time_tz is defined.
3288
3289    When HAVE_UTMPX_H is set the 'date' command now builds on systems
3290    whose <utmpx.h> file does not define WTMPX_FILE, and when setting
3291    the date it updates the wtmpx file if _PATH_WTMPX is defined.
3292    This affects GNU/Linux and similar systems.
3293
3294    For easier maintenance later, some C code has been simplified,
3295    some lint has been removed, and the code has been tweaked so that
3296    plain 'make' is more likely to work.
3297
3298    The C type 'bool' is now used for boolean values, instead of 'int'.
3299
3300    The long-obsolete LOCALE_HOME code has been removed.
3301
3302    The long-obsolete 'gtime' function has been removed.
3303
3304  Changes affecting build procedure
3305
3306    'zdump' no longer links in ialloc.o, as it's not needed.
3307
3308    'make check_time_t_alternatives' no longer assumes GNU diff.
3309
3310  Changes affecting distribution tarballs
3311
3312    The files checktab.awk and zoneinfo2tdf.pl are now distributed in
3313    the tzdata tarball instead of the tzcode tarball, since they help
3314    maintain the data.  The NEWS and Theory files are now also
3315    distributed in the tzdata tarball, as they're relevant for data.
3316    (Thanks to Alan Barrett for pointing this out.)  Also, the
3317    leapseconds.awk file is no longer distributed in the tzcode
3318    tarball, since it belongs in the tzdata tarball (where 2014f
3319    inadvertently also distributed it).
3320
3321  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3322
3323    A new file CONTRIBUTING is distributed.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for
3324    suggesting a CONTRIBUTING file, and to Tony Finch and Walter Harms
3325    for debugging it.)
3326
3327    The man pages have been updated to use function prototypes,
3328    to document thread-safe variants like localtime_r, and to document
3329    the NetBSD-inspired functions tzalloc, tzfree, localtime_rz, and
3330    mktime_z.
3331
3332    The fields in Link lines have been renamed to be more descriptive
3333    and more like the parameters of 'ln'.  LINK-FROM has become TARGET,
3334    and LINK-TO has become LINK-NAME.
3335
3336    tz-link.htm mentions the IETF's tzdist working group; Windows
3337    Runtime etc. (thanks to Matt Johnson); and HP-UX's tztab.
3338
3339    Some broken URLs have been fixed in the commentary.  (Thanks to
3340    Lester Caine.)
3341
3342    Commentary about Philippines DST has been updated, and commentary
3343    on pre-1970 time in India has been added.
3344
3345
3346Release 2014f - 2014-08-05 17:42:36 -0700
3347
3348  Changes affecting future timestamps
3349
3350    Russia will subtract an hour from most of its time zones on 2014-10-26
3351    at 02:00 local time.  (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)
3352    There are a few exceptions: Magadan Oblast (Asia/Magadan) and Zabaykalsky
3353    Krai are subtracting two hours; conversely, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug
3354    (Asia/Anadyr), Kamchatka Krai (Asia/Kamchatka), Kemerovo Oblast
3355    (Asia/Novokuznetsk), and the Samara Oblast and the Udmurt Republic
3356    (Europe/Samara) are not changing their clocks.  The changed zones are
3357    Europe/Kaliningrad, Europe/Moscow, Europe/Simferopol, Europe/Volgograd,
3358    Asia/Yekaterinburg, Asia/Omsk, Asia/Novosibirsk, Asia/Krasnoyarsk,
3359    Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Yakutsk, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Khandyga,
3360    Asia/Sakhalin, and Asia/Ust-Nera; Asia/Magadan will have two hours
3361    subtracted; and Asia/Novokuznetsk's time zone abbreviation is affected,
3362    but not its UTC offset.  Two zones are added: Asia/Chita (split
3363    from Asia/Yakutsk, and also with two hours subtracted) and
3364    Asia/Srednekolymsk (split from Asia/Magadan, but with only one hour
3365    subtracted).  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for much of the above.)
3366
3367  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations
3368
3369    Australian eastern time zone abbreviations are now AEST/AEDT not EST,
3370    and similarly for the other Australian zones.  That is, for eastern
3371    standard and daylight saving time the abbreviations are AEST and AEDT
3372    instead of the former EST for both; similarly, ACST/ACDT, ACWST/ACWDT,
3373    and AWST/AWDT are now used instead of the former CST, CWST, and WST.
3374    This change does not affect UT offsets, only time zone abbreviations.
3375    (Thanks to Rich Tibbett and many others.)
3376
3377    Asia/Novokuznetsk shifts from NOVT to KRAT (remaining on UT +07)
3378    effective 2014-10-26 at 02:00 local time.
3379
3380    The time zone abbreviation for Xinjiang Time (observed in Ürümqi)
3381    has been changed from URUT to XJT.  (Thanks to Luther Ma.)
3382
3383    Prefer MSK/MSD for Moscow time in Russia, even in other cities.
3384    Similarly, prefer EET/EEST for eastern European time in Russia.
3385
3386    Change time zone abbreviations in (western) Samoa to use "ST" and
3387    "DT" suffixes, as this is more likely to match common practice.
3388    Prefix "W" to (western) Samoa time when its standard-time offset
3389    disagrees with that of American Samoa.
3390
3391    America/Metlakatla now uses PST, not MeST, to abbreviate its time zone.
3392
3393    Time zone abbreviations have been updated for Japan's two time
3394    zones used 1896-1937.  JWST now stands for Western Standard
3395    Time, and JCST for Central Standard Time (formerly this was CJT).
3396    These abbreviations are now used for time in Korea, Taiwan,
3397    and Sakhalin while controlled by Japan.
3398
3399  Changes affecting past timestamps
3400
3401    China's five zones have been simplified to two, since the post-1970
3402    differences in the other three seem to have been imaginary.  The
3403    zones Asia/Harbin, Asia/Chongqing, and Asia/Kashgar have been
3404    removed; backwards-compatibility links still work, albeit with
3405    different behaviors for timestamps before May 1980.  Asia/Urumqi's
3406    1980 transition to UT +08 has been removed, so that it is now at
3407    +06 and not +08.  (Thanks to Luther Ma and to Alois Treindl;
3408    Treindl sent helpful translations of two papers by Guo Qingsheng.)
3409
3410    Some zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing
3411    zones only for older UT offsets where data entries were likely invented.
3412    These changes affect UT offsets in pre-1970 timestamps only.  This is
3413    similar to the change in release 2013e, except this time for western
3414    Africa.  The affected zones are: Africa/Bamako, Africa/Banjul,
3415    Africa/Conakry, Africa/Dakar, Africa/Freetown, Africa/Lome,
3416    Africa/Nouakchott, Africa/Ouagadougou, Africa/Sao_Tome, and
3417    Atlantic/St_Helena.  This also affects the backwards-compatibility
3418    link Africa/Timbuktu.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett, Stephen Colebourne,
3419    Tim Parenti, and David Patte for reporting problems in earlier
3420    versions of this change.)
3421
3422    Asia/Shanghai's pre-standard-time UT offset has been changed from
3423    8:05:57 to 8:05:43, the location of Xujiahui Observatory.  Its
3424    transition to standard time has been changed from 1928 to 1901.
3425
3426    Asia/Taipei switched to JWST on 1896-01-01, then to JST on 1937-10-01,
3427    then to CST on 1945-09-21 at 01:00, and did not observe DST in 1945.
3428    In 1946 it observed DST from 05-15 through 09-30; in 1947
3429    from 04-15 through 10-31; and in 1979 from 07-01 through 09-30.
3430    (Thanks to Yu-Cheng Chuang.)
3431
3432    Asia/Riyadh's transition to standard time is now 1947-03-14, not 1950.
3433
3434    Europe/Helsinki's 1942 fall-back transition was 10-04 at 01:00, not
3435    10-03 at 00:00.  (Thanks to Konstantin Hyppönen.)
3436
3437    Pacific/Pago_Pago has been changed from UT -11:30 to -11 for the
3438    period from 1911 to 1950.
3439
3440    Pacific/Chatham has been changed to New Zealand standard time plus
3441    45 minutes for the period before 1957, reflecting a 1956 remark in
3442    the New Zealand parliament.
3443
3444    Europe/Budapest has several pre-1946 corrections: in 1918 the transition
3445    out of DST was on 09-16, not 09-29; in 1919 it was on 11-24, not 09-15; in
3446    1945 it was on 11-01, not 11-03; in 1941 the transition to DST was 04-08
3447    not 04-06 at 02:00; and there was no DST in 1920.
3448
3449    Africa/Accra is now assumed to have observed DST from 1920 through 1935.
3450
3451    Time in Russia before 1927 or so has been corrected by a few seconds in
3452    the following zones: Europe/Moscow, Asia/Irkutsk, Asia/Tbilisi,
3453    Asia/Tashkent, Asia/Vladivostok, Asia/Yekaterinburg, Europe/Helsinki, and
3454    Europe/Riga.  Also, Moscow's location has been changed to its Kilometer 0
3455    point.  (Thanks to Vladimir Karpinsky for the Moscow changes.)
3456
3457  Changes affecting data format
3458
3459    A new file 'zone1970.tab' supersedes 'zone.tab' in the installed data.
3460    The new file's extended format allows multiple country codes per zone.
3461    The older file is still installed but is deprecated; its format is
3462    not changing and it will still be distributed for a while, but new
3463    applications should use the new file.
3464
3465    The new file format simplifies maintenance of obscure locations.
3466    To test this, it adds coverage for the Crozet Islands and the
3467    Scattered Islands.  (Thanks to Tobias Conradi and Antoine Leca.)
3468
3469    The file 'iso3166.tab' is planned to switch from ASCII to UTF-8.
3470    It is still ASCII now, but commentary about the switch has been added.
3471    The new file 'zone1970.tab' already uses UTF-8.
3472
3473  Changes affecting code
3474
3475    'localtime', 'mktime', etc. now use much less stack space if ALL_STATE
3476    is defined.  (Thanks to Elliott Hughes for reporting the problem.)
3477
3478    'zic' no longer mishandles input when ignoring case in locales that
3479    are not compatible with English, e.g., unibyte Turkish locales when
3480    compiled with HAVE_GETTEXT.
3481
3482    Error diagnostics of 'zic' and 'yearistype' have been reworded so that
3483    they no longer use ASCII '-' as if it were a dash.
3484
3485    'zic' now rejects output file names that contain '.' or '..' components.
3486    (Thanks to Tim Parenti for reporting the problem.)
3487
3488    'zic -v' now warns about output file names that do not follow
3489    POSIX rules, or that contain a digit or '.'.  (Thanks to Arthur
3490    David Olson for starting the ball rolling on this.)
3491
3492    Some lint has been removed when using GCC_DEBUG_FLAGS with GCC 4.9.0.
3493
3494  Changes affecting build procedure
3495
3496    'zic' no longer links in localtime.o and asctime.o, as they're not needed.
3497    (Thanks to John Cochran.)
3498
3499  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3500
3501    The 'Theory' file documents legacy names, the longstanding
3502    exceptions to the POSIX-inspired file name rules.
3503
3504    The 'zic' documentation clarifies the role of time types when
3505    interpreting dates.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
3506
3507    Documentation and commentary now prefer UTF-8 to US-ASCII,
3508    allowing the use of proper accents in foreign words and names.
3509    Code and data have not changed because of this.  (Thanks to
3510    Garrett Wollman, Ian Abbott, and Guy Harris for helping to debug
3511    this.)
3512
3513    Non-HTML documentation and commentary now use plain-text URLs instead of
3514    HTML insertions, and are more consistent about bracketing URLs when they
3515    are not already surrounded by white space.  (Thanks to suggestions by
3516    Steffen Nurpmeso.)
3517
3518    There is new commentary about Xujiahui Observatory, the five time-zone
3519    project in China from 1918 to 1949, timekeeping in Japanese-occupied
3520    Shanghai, and Tibet Time in the 1950s.  The sharp-eyed can spot the
3521    warlord Jin Shuren in the data.
3522
3523    Commentary about the coverage of each Russian zone has been standardized.
3524    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
3525
3526    There is new commentary about contemporary timekeeping in Ethiopia.
3527
3528    Obsolete comments about a 2007 proposal for DST in Kuwait has been removed.
3529
3530    There is new commentary about time in Poland in 1919.
3531
3532    Proper credit has been given to DST inventor George Vernon Hudson.
3533
3534    Commentary about time in Metlakatla, AK and Resolute, NU has been
3535    improved, with a new source for the former.
3536
3537    In zone.tab, Pacific/Easter no longer mentions Salas y Gómez, as it
3538    is uninhabited.
3539
3540    Commentary about permanent Antarctic bases has been updated.
3541
3542    Several typos have been corrected.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for
3543    contributing some of these fixes.)
3544
3545    tz-link.htm now mentions the JavaScript libraries Moment Timezone,
3546    TimezoneJS.Date, Walltime-js, and Timezone.  (Thanks to a heads-up
3547    from Matt Johnson.)  Also, it mentions the Go 'latlong' package.
3548    (Thanks to a heads-up from Dirkjan Ochtman.)
3549
3550    The files usno1988, usno1989, usno1989a, usno1995, usno1997, and usno1998
3551    have been removed.  These obsolescent US Naval Observatory entries were no
3552    longer helpful for maintenance.  (Thanks to Tim Parenti for the suggestion.)
3553
3554
3555Release 2014e - 2014-06-12 21:53:52 -0700
3556
3557  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3558
3559    Egypt's 2014 Ramadan-based transitions are June 26 and July 31 at 24:00.
3560    (Thanks to Imed Chihi.)  Guess that from 2015 on Egypt will temporarily
3561    switch to standard time at 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and
3562    back to DST at 00:00 the first Friday after Ramadan.
3563
3564    Similarly, Morocco's are June 28 at 03:00 and August 2 at 02:00.  (Thanks
3565    to Milamber Space Network.)  Guess that from 2015 on Morocco will
3566    temporarily switch to standard time at 03:00 the last Saturday before
3567    Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after Ramadan.
3568
3569  Changes affecting past timestamps
3570
3571    The abbreviation "MSM" (Moscow Midsummer Time) is now used instead of
3572    "MSD" for Moscow's double daylight time in summer 1921.  Also, a typo
3573    "VLASST" has been repaired to be "VLAST" for Vladivostok summer time
3574    in 1991.  (Thanks to Hank W. for reporting the problems.)
3575
3576  Changes affecting commentary
3577
3578    tz-link.htm now cites RFC 7265 for jCal, mentions PTP and the
3579    draft CalDAV extension, updates URLs for TSP, TZInfo, IATA, and
3580    removes stale pointers to World Time Explorer and WORLDTIME.
3581
3582
3583Release 2014d - 2014-05-27 21:34:40 -0700
3584
3585  Changes affecting code
3586
3587    zic no longer generates files containing timestamps before the Big Bang.
3588    This works around GNOME glib bug 878
3589    <https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glib/issues/878>
3590    (Thanks to Leonardo Chiquitto for reporting the bug, and to
3591    Arthur David Olson and James Cloos for suggesting improvements to the fix.)
3592
3593  Changes affecting documentation
3594
3595    tz-link.htm now mentions GNOME.
3596
3597
3598Release 2014c - 2014-05-13 07:44:13 -0700
3599
3600  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3601
3602    Egypt observes DST starting 2014-05-15 at 24:00.
3603    (Thanks to Ahmad El-Dardiry and Gunther Vermier.)
3604    Details have not been announced, except that DST will not be observed
3605    during Ramadan.  Guess that DST will stop during the same Ramadan dates as
3606    Morocco, and that Egypt's future spring and fall transitions will be the
3607    same as 2010 when it last observed DST, namely April's last Friday at
3608    00:00 to September's last Thursday at 23:00 standard time.  Also, guess
3609    that Ramadan transitions will be at 00:00 standard time.
3610
3611  Changes affecting code
3612
3613    zic now generates transitions for minimum time values, eliminating guesswork
3614    when handling low-valued timestamps.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
3615
3616    Port to Cygwin sans glibc.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
3617
3618  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
3619
3620    Remove now-confusing comment about Jordan.  (Thanks to Oleksii Nochovnyi.)
3621
3622
3623Release 2014b - 2014-03-24 21:28:50 -0700
3624
3625  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3626
3627    Crimea switches to Moscow time on 2014-03-30 at 02:00 local time.
3628    (Thanks to Alexander Krivenyshev.)  Move its zone.tab entry from UA to RU.
3629
3630    New entry for Troll station, Antarctica.  (Thanks to Paul-Inge Flakstad and
3631    Bengt-Inge Larsson.)  This is currently an approximation; a better version
3632    will require the zic and localtime fixes mentioned below, and the plan is
3633    to wait for a while until at least the zic fixes propagate.
3634
3635  Changes affecting code
3636
3637    'zic' and 'localtime' no longer reject locations needing four transitions
3638    per year for the foreseeable future.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram).)
3639    Also, 'zic' avoids some unlikely failures due to integer overflow.
3640
3641  Changes affecting build procedure
3642
3643    'make check' now detects Rule lines defined but never used.
3644    The NZAQ rules, an instance of this problem, have been removed.
3645
3646  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
3647
3648    Fix Tuesday/Thursday typo in description of time in Israel.
3649    (Thanks to Bert Katz via Pavel Kharitonov and Mike Frysinger.)
3650
3651    Microsoft Windows 8.1 doesn't support tz database names.  (Thanks
3652    to Donald MacQueen.)  Instead, the Microsoft Windows Store app
3653    library supports them.
3654
3655    Add comments about Johnston Island time in the 1960s.
3656    (Thanks to Lyle McElhaney.)
3657
3658    Morocco's 2014 DST start will be as predicted.
3659    (Thanks to Sebastien Willemijns.)
3660
3661
3662Release 2014a - 2014-03-07 23:30:29 -0800
3663
3664  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3665
3666    Turkey begins DST on 2014-03-31, not 03-30.  (Thanks to Faruk Pasin for
3667    the heads-up, and to Tim Parenti for simplifying the update.)
3668
3669  Changes affecting past timestamps
3670
3671    Fiji ended DST on 2014-01-19 at 02:00, not the previously scheduled 03:00.
3672    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3673
3674    Ukraine switched from Moscow to Eastern European time on 1990-07-01
3675    (not 1992-01-01), and observed DST during the entire next winter.
3676    (Thanks to Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl.)
3677
3678    In 1988 Israel observed DST from 04-10 to 09-04, not 04-09 to 09-03.
3679    (Thanks to Avigdor Finkelstein.)
3680
3681  Changes affecting code
3682
3683    A uninitialized-storage bug in 'localtime' has been fixed.
3684    (Thanks to Logan Chien.)
3685
3686  Changes affecting the build procedure
3687
3688    The settings for 'make check_web' now default to Ubuntu 13.10.
3689
3690  Changes affecting commentary and documentation
3691
3692    The boundary of the US Pacific time zone is given more accurately.
3693    (Thanks to Alan Mintz.)
3694
3695    Chile's 2014 DST will be as predicted.  (Thanks to José Miguel Garrido.)
3696
3697    Paraguay's 2014 DST will be as predicted.  (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
3698
3699    Better descriptions of countries with same time zone history as
3700    Trinidad and Tobago since 1970.  (Thanks to Alan Barrett for suggestion.)
3701
3702    Several changes affect tz-link.htm, the main web page.
3703
3704      Mention Time.is (thanks to Even Scharning) and WX-now (thanks to
3705      David Braverman).
3706
3707      Mention xCal (Internet RFC 6321) and jCal.
3708
3709      Microsoft has some support for tz database names.
3710
3711      CLDR data formats include both XML and JSON.
3712
3713      Mention Maggiolo's map of solar vs standard time.
3714      (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
3715
3716      Mention TZ4Net.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
3717
3718      Mention the timezone-olson Haskell package.
3719
3720      Mention zeitverschiebung.net.  (Thanks to Martin Jäger.)
3721
3722      Remove moribund links to daylight-savings-time.info and to
3723      Simple Timer + Clocks.
3724
3725      Update two links.  (Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen.)
3726
3727      Fix some formatting glitches, e.g., remove random newlines from
3728      abbr elements' title attributes.
3729
3730
3731Release 2013i - 2013-12-17 07:25:23 -0800
3732
3733  Changes affecting near-future timestamps:
3734
3735    Jordan switches back to standard time at 00:00 on December 20, 2013.
3736    The 2006-2011 transition schedule is planned to resume in 2014.
3737    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3738
3739  Changes affecting past timestamps:
3740
3741    In 2004, Cuba began DST on March 28, not April 4.
3742    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3743
3744  Changes affecting code
3745
3746    The compile-time flag NOSOLAR has been removed, as nowadays the
3747    benefit of slightly shrinking runtime table size is outweighed by the
3748    cost of disallowing potential future updates that exceed old limits.
3749
3750  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3751
3752    The files solar87, solar88, and solar89 are no longer distributed.
3753    They were a negative experiment - that is, a demonstration that
3754    tz data can represent solar time only with some difficulty and error.
3755    Their presence in the distribution caused confusion, as Riyadh
3756    civil time was generally not solar time in those years.
3757
3758    tz-link.htm now mentions Noda Time.  (Thanks to Matt Johnson.)
3759
3760
3761Release 2013h - 2013-10-25 15:32:32 -0700
3762
3763  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
3764
3765    Libya has switched its UT offset back to +02 without DST, instead
3766    of +01 with DST.  (Thanks to Even Scharning.)
3767
3768    Western Sahara (Africa/El_Aaiun) uses Morocco's DST rules.
3769    (Thanks to Gwillim Law.)
3770
3771  Changes affecting future timestamps:
3772
3773    Acre and (we guess) western Amazonas will switch from UT -04 to -05
3774    on 2013-11-10.  This affects America/Rio_Branco and America/Eirunepe.
3775    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3776
3777    Add entries for DST transitions in Morocco in the year 2038.
3778    This avoids some year-2038 glitches introduced in 2013g.
3779    (Thanks to Yoshito Umaoka for reporting the problem.)
3780
3781  Changes affecting API
3782
3783    The 'tzselect' command no longer requires the 'select' command,
3784    and should now work with /bin/sh on more platforms.  It also works
3785    around a bug in BusyBox awk before version 1.21.0.  (Thanks to
3786    Patrick 'P. J.' McDermott and Alan Barrett.)
3787
3788  Changes affecting code
3789
3790    Fix localtime overflow bugs with 32-bit unsigned time_t.
3791
3792    zdump no longer assumes sscanf returns maximal values on overflow.
3793
3794  Changes affecting the build procedure
3795
3796    The builder can specify which programs to use, if any, instead of
3797    'ar' and 'ranlib', and libtz.a is now built locally before being
3798    installed.  (Thanks to Michael Forney.)
3799
3800    A dependency typo in the 'zdump' rule has been fixed.
3801    (Thanks to Andrew Paprocki.)
3802
3803    The Makefile has been simplified by assuming that 'mkdir -p' and 'cp -f'
3804    work as specified by POSIX.2-1992 or later; this is portable nowadays.
3805
3806    'make clean' no longer removes 'leapseconds', since it's
3807    host-independent and is part of the distribution.
3808
3809    The unused makefile macros TZCSRCS, TZDSRCS, DATESRCS have been removed.
3810
3811  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3812
3813    tz-link.htm now mentions TC TIMEZONE's draft time zone service protocol
3814    (thanks to Mike Douglass) and TimezoneJS.Date (thanks to Jim Fehrle).
3815
3816    Update URLs in tz-link page.  Add URLs for Microsoft Windows, since
3817    8.1 introduces tz support.  Remove URLs for Tru64 and UnixWare (no
3818    longer maintained) and for old advisories.  SOFA now does C.
3819
3820Release 2013g - 2013-09-30 21:08:26 -0700
3821
3822  Changes affecting current and near-future timestamps
3823
3824    Morocco now observes DST from the last Sunday in March to the last
3825    Sunday in October, not April to September respectively.  (Thanks
3826    to Steffen Thorsen.)
3827
3828  Changes affecting 'zic'
3829
3830    'zic' now runs on platforms that lack both hard links and symlinks.
3831    (Thanks to Theo Veenker for reporting the problem, for MinGW.)
3832    Also, fix some bugs on platforms that lack hard links but have symlinks.
3833
3834    'zic -v' again warns that Asia/Tehran has no POSIX environment variable
3835    to predict the far future, fixing a bug introduced in 2013e.
3836
3837  Changes affecting the build procedure
3838
3839    The 'leapseconds' file is again put into the tzdata tarball.
3840    Also, 'leapseconds.awk', so tzdata is self-contained.  (Thanks to
3841    Matt Burgess and Ian Abbott.)  The timestamps of these and other
3842    dependent files in tarballs are adjusted more consistently.
3843
3844  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3845
3846    The README file is now part of the data tarball as well as the code.
3847    It now states that files are public domain unless otherwise specified.
3848    (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram) for asking for clarifications.)
3849    Its details about the 1989 release moved to a place of honor near
3850    the end of NEWS.
3851
3852
3853Release 2013f - 2013-09-24 23:37:36 -0700
3854
3855  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3856
3857    Tocantins will very likely not observe DST starting this spring.
3858    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3859
3860    Jordan will likely stay at UT +03 indefinitely, and will not fall
3861    back this fall.
3862
3863    Palestine will fall back at 00:00, not 01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
3864
3865  Changes affecting API
3866
3867    The types of the global variables 'timezone' and 'altzone' (if present)
3868    have been changed back to 'long'.  This is required for 'timezone'
3869    by POSIX, and for 'altzone' by common practice, e.g., Solaris 11.
3870    These variables were originally 'long' in the tz code, but were
3871    mistakenly changed to 'time_t' in 1987; nobody reported the
3872    incompatibility until now.  The difference matters on x32, where
3873    'long' is 32 bits and 'time_t' is 64.  (Thanks to Elliott Hughes.)
3874
3875  Changes affecting the build procedure
3876
3877    Avoid long strings in leapseconds.awk to work around a mawk bug.
3878    (Thanks to Cyril Baurand.)
3879
3880  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
3881
3882    New file 'NEWS' that contains release notes like this one.
3883
3884    Paraguay's law does not specify DST transition time; 00:00 is customary.
3885    (Thanks to Waldemar Villamayor-Venialbo.)
3886
3887    Minor capitalization fixes.
3888
3889  Changes affecting version-control only
3890
3891    The experimental GitHub repository now contains annotated and
3892    signed tags for recent releases, e.g., '2013e' for Release 2013e.
3893    Releases are tagged starting with 2012e; earlier releases were
3894    done differently, and tags would either not have a simple name or
3895    not exactly match what was released.
3896
3897    'make set-timestamps' is now simpler and a bit more portable.
3898
3899
3900Release 2013e - 2013-09-19 23:50:04 -0700
3901
3902  Changes affecting near-future timestamps
3903
3904    This year Fiji will start DST on October 27, not October 20.
3905    (Thanks to David Wheeler for the heads-up.)  For now, guess that
3906    Fiji will continue to spring forward the Sunday before the fourth
3907    Monday in October.
3908
3909  Changes affecting current and future time zone abbreviations
3910
3911    Use WIB/WITA/WIT rather than WIT/CIT/EIT for alphabetic Indonesian
3912    time zone abbreviations since 1932.  (Thanks to George Ziegler,
3913    Priyadi Iman Nurcahyo, Zakaria, Jason Grimes, Martin Pitt, and
3914    Benny Lin.)  This affects Asia/Dili, Asia/Jakarta, Asia/Jayapura,
3915    Asia/Makassar, and Asia/Pontianak.
3916
3917    Use ART (UT -03, standard time), rather than WARST (also -03, but
3918    daylight saving time) for San Luis, Argentina since 2009.
3919
3920  Changes affecting Godthåb timestamps after 2037 if version mismatch
3921
3922    Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where the transition time's hour can
3923    range from -167 through 167, instead of the POSIX-required 0
3924    through 24.  E.g., TZ='FJT-12FJST,M10.3.1/146,M1.3.4/75' for the
3925    new Fiji rules.  This is a more compact way to represent
3926    far-future timestamps for America/Godthab, America/Santiago,
3927    Antarctica/Palmer, Asia/Gaza, Asia/Hebron, Asia/Jerusalem,
3928    Pacific/Easter, and Pacific/Fiji.  Other zones are unaffected by
3929    this change.  (Derived from a suggestion by Arthur David Olson.)
3930
3931    Allow POSIX-like TZ strings where daylight saving time is in
3932    effect all year.  E.g., TZ='WART4WARST,J1/0,J365/25' for Western
3933    Argentina Summer Time all year.  This supports a more compact way
3934    to represent the 2013d data for America/Argentina/San_Luis.
3935    Because of the change for San Luis noted above this change does not
3936    affect the current data.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram) for
3937    suggestions that improved this change.)
3938
3939    Where these two TZ changes take effect, there is a minor extension
3940    to the tz file format in that it allows new values for the
3941    embedded TZ-format string, and the tz file format version number
3942    has therefore been increased from 2 to 3 as a precaution.
3943    Version-2-based client code should continue to work as before for
3944    all timestamps before 2038.  Existing version-2-based client code
3945    (tzcode, GNU/Linux, Solaris) has been tested on version-3-format
3946    files, and typically works in practice even for timestamps after
3947    2037; the only known exception is America/Godthab.
3948
3949  Changes affecting timestamps before 1970
3950
3951    Pacific/Johnston is now a link to Pacific/Honolulu.  This corrects
3952    some errors before 1947.
3953
3954    Some zones have been turned into links, when they differ from existing
3955    zones only in older data entries that were likely invented or that
3956    differ only in LMT or transitions from LMT.  These changes affect
3957    only timestamps before 1943.  The affected zones are:
3958    Africa/Juba, America/Anguilla, America/Aruba, America/Dominica,
3959    America/Grenada, America/Guadeloupe, America/Marigot,
3960    America/Montserrat, America/St_Barthelemy, America/St_Kitts,
3961    America/St_Lucia, America/St_Thomas, America/St_Vincent,
3962    America/Tortola, and Europe/Vaduz.  (Thanks to Alois Treindl for
3963    confirming that the old Europe/Vaduz zone was wrong and the new
3964    link is better for WWII-era times.)
3965
3966    Change Kingston Mean Time from -5:07:12 to -5:07:11.  This affects
3967    America/Cayman, America/Jamaica and America/Grand_Turk timestamps
3968    from 1890 to 1912.
3969
3970    Change the UT offset of Bern Mean Time from 0:29:44 to 0:29:46.
3971    This affects Europe/Zurich timestamps from 1853 to 1894.  (Thanks
3972    to Alois Treindl.)
3973
3974    Change the date of the circa-1850 Zurich transition from 1849-09-12
3975    to 1853-07-16, overriding Shanks with data from Messerli about
3976    postal and telegraph time in Switzerland.
3977
3978  Changes affecting time zone abbreviations before 1970
3979
3980    For Asia/Jakarta, use BMT (not JMT) for mean time from 1923 to 1932,
3981    as Jakarta was called Batavia back then.
3982
3983  Changes affecting API
3984
3985    The 'zic' command now outputs a dummy transition when far-future
3986    data can't be summarized using a TZ string, and uses a 402-year
3987    window rather than a 400-year window.  For the current data, this
3988    affects only the Asia/Tehran file.  It does not affect any of the
3989    timestamps that this file represents, so zdump outputs the same
3990    information as before.  (Thanks to Andrew Main (Zefram).)
3991
3992    The 'date' command has a new '-r' option, which lets you specify
3993    the integer time to display, a la FreeBSD.
3994
3995    The 'tzselect' command has two new options '-c' and '-n', which lets you
3996    select a zone based on latitude and longitude.
3997
3998    The 'zic' command's '-v' option now warns about constructs that
3999    require the new version-3 binary file format.  (Thanks to Arthur
4000    David Olson for the suggestion.)
4001
4002    Support for floating-point time_t has been removed.
4003    It was always dicey, and POSIX no longer requires it.
4004    (Thanks to Eric Blake for suggesting to the POSIX committee to
4005    remove it, and thanks to Alan Barrett, Clive D.W. Feather, Andy
4006    Heninger, Arthur David Olson, and Alois Treindl, for reporting
4007    bugs and elucidating some of the corners of the old floating-point
4008    implementation.)
4009
4010    The signatures of 'offtime', 'timeoff', and 'gtime' have been
4011    changed back to the old practice of using 'long' to represent UT
4012    offsets.  This had been inadvertently and mistakenly changed to
4013    'int_fast32_t'.  (Thanks to Christos Zoulas.)
4014
4015    The code avoids undefined behavior on integer overflow in some
4016    more places, including gmtime, localtime, mktime and zdump.
4017
4018  Changes affecting the zdump utility
4019
4020    zdump now outputs "UT" when referring to Universal Time, not "UTC".
4021    "UTC" does not make sense for timestamps that predate the introduction
4022    of UTC, whereas "UT", a more generic term, does.  (Thanks to Steve Allen
4023    for clarifying UT vs UTC.)
4024
4025  Data changes affecting behavior of tzselect and similar programs
4026
4027    Country code BQ is now called the more common name "Caribbean Netherlands"
4028    rather than the more official "Bonaire, St Eustatius & Saba".
4029
4030    Remove from zone.tab the names America/Montreal, America/Shiprock,
4031    and Antarctica/South_Pole, as they are equivalent to existing
4032    same-country-code zones for post-1970 timestamps.  The data entries for
4033    these names are unchanged, so the names continue to work as before.
4034
4035  Changes affecting code internals
4036
4037    zic -c now runs way faster on 64-bit hosts when given large numbers.
4038
4039    zic now uses vfprintf to avoid allocating and freeing some memory.
4040
4041    tzselect now computes the list of continents from the data,
4042    rather than have it hard-coded.
4043
4044    Minor changes pacify GCC 4.7.3 and GCC 4.8.1.
4045
4046  Changes affecting the build procedure
4047
4048    The 'leapseconds' file is now generated automatically from a
4049    new file 'leap-seconds.list', which is a copy of
4050    <ftp://ftp.nist.gov/pub/time/leap-seconds.list>
4051    A new source file 'leapseconds.awk' implements this.
4052    The goal is simplification of the future maintenance of 'leapseconds'.
4053
4054    When building the 'posix' or 'right' subdirectories, if the
4055    subdirectory would be a copy of the default subdirectory, it is
4056    now made a symbolic link if that is supported.  This saves about
4057    2 MB of file system space.
4058
4059    The links America/Shiprock and Antarctica/South_Pole have been
4060    moved to the 'backward' file.  This affects only nondefault builds
4061    that omit 'backward'.
4062
4063  Changes affecting version-control only
4064
4065    .gitignore now ignores 'date'.
4066
4067  Changes affecting documentation and commentary
4068
4069    Changes to the 'tzfile' man page
4070
4071      It now mentions that the binary file format may be extended in
4072      future versions by appending data.
4073
4074      It now refers to the 'zdump' and 'zic' man pages.
4075
4076    Changes to the 'zic' man page
4077
4078      It lists conditions that elicit a warning with '-v'.
4079
4080      It says that the behavior is unspecified when duplicate names
4081      are given, or if the source of one link is the target of another.
4082
4083      Its examples are updated to match the latest data.
4084
4085      The definition of white space has been clarified slightly.
4086      (Thanks to Michael Deckers.)
4087
4088    Changes to the 'Theory' file
4089
4090      There is a new section about the accuracy of the tz database,
4091      describing the many ways that errors can creep in, and
4092      explaining why so many of the pre-1970 timestamps are wrong or
4093      misleading (thanks to Steve Allen, Lester Caine, and Garrett
4094      Wollman for discussions that contributed to this).
4095
4096      The 'Theory' file describes LMT better (this follows a
4097      suggestion by Guy Harris).
4098
4099      It refers to the 2013 edition of POSIX rather than the 2004 edition.
4100
4101      It's mentioned that excluding 'backward' should not affect the
4102      other data, and it suggests at least one zone.tab name per
4103      inhabited country (thanks to Stephen Colebourne).
4104
4105      Some longstanding restrictions on names are documented, e.g.,
4106      'America/New_York' precludes 'America/New_York/Bronx'.
4107
4108      It gives more reasons for the 1970 cutoff.
4109
4110      It now mentions which time_t variants are supported, such as
4111      signed integer time_t.  (Thanks to Paul Goyette for reporting
4112      typos in an experimental version of this change.)
4113
4114      (Thanks to Philip Newton for correcting typos in these changes.)
4115
4116    Documentation and commentary is more careful to distinguish UT in
4117    general from UTC in particular.  (Thanks to Steve Allen.)
4118
4119    Add a better source for the Zurich 1894 transition.
4120    (Thanks to Pierre-Yves Berger.)
4121
4122    Update shapefile citations in tz-link.htm.  (Thanks to Guy Harris.)
4123
4124
4125Release 2013d - 2013-07-05 07:38:01 -0700
4126
4127  Changes affecting future timestamps:
4128
4129    Morocco's midsummer transitions this year are July 7 and August 10,
4130    not July 9 and August 8.  (Thanks to Andrew Paprocki.)
4131
4132    Israel now falls back on the last Sunday of October.
4133    (Thanks to Ephraim Silverberg.)
4134
4135  Changes affecting past timestamps:
4136
4137    Specify Jerusalem's location more precisely; this changes the pre-1880
4138    times by 2 s.
4139
4140  Changing affecting metadata only:
4141
4142    Fix typos in the entries for country codes BQ and SX.
4143
4144  Changes affecting code:
4145
4146    Rework the code to fix a bug with handling Australia/Macquarie on
4147    32-bit hosts (thanks to Arthur David Olson).
4148
4149    Port to platforms like NetBSD, where time_t can be wider than long.
4150
4151    Add support for testing time_t types other than the system's.
4152    Run 'make check_time_t_alternatives' to try this out.
4153    Currently, the tests fail for unsigned time_t;
4154    this should get fixed at some point.
4155
4156  Changes affecting documentation and commentary:
4157
4158    Deemphasize the significance of national borders.
4159
4160    Update the zdump man page.
4161
4162    Remove obsolete NOID comment (thanks to Denis Excoffier).
4163
4164    Update several URLs and comments in the web pages.
4165
4166    Spelling fixes (thanks to Kevin Lyda and Jonathan Leffler).
4167
4168    Update URL for CLDR Zone->Tzid table (thanks to Yoshito Umaoka).
4169
4170
4171Release 2013c - 2013-04-19 16:17:40 -0700
4172
4173  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
4174
4175    Palestine observed DST starting March 29, 2013.  (Thanks to
4176    Steffen Thorsen.)  From 2013 on, Gaza and Hebron both observe DST,
4177    with the predicted rules being the last Thursday in March at 24:00
4178    to the first Friday on or after September 21 at 01:00.
4179
4180    Assume that the recent change to Paraguay's DST rules is permanent,
4181    by moving the end of DST to the 4th Sunday in March every year.
4182    (Thanks to Carlos Raúl Perasso.)
4183
4184  Changes affecting past timestamps:
4185
4186    Fix some historical data for Palestine to agree with that of
4187    timeanddate.com, as follows:
4188
4189	  The spring 2008 change in Gaza and Hebron was on 00:00 Mar 28, not
4190	  00:00 Apr 1.
4191
4192	  The fall 2009 change in Gaza and Hebron on Sep 4 was at 01:00, not
4193	  02:00.
4194
4195	  The spring 2010 change in Hebron was 00:00 Mar 26, not 00:01 Mar 27.
4196
4197	  The spring 2011 change in Gaza was 00:01 Apr 1, not 12:01 Apr 2.
4198
4199	  The spring 2011 change in Hebron on Apr 1 was at 00:01, not 12:01.
4200
4201	  The fall 2011 change in Hebron on Sep 30 was at 00:00, not 03:00.
4202
4203    Fix times of habitation for Macquarie to agree with the Tasmania
4204    Parks & Wildlife Service history, which indicates that permanent
4205    habitation was 1899-1919 and 1948 on.
4206
4207  Changing affecting metadata only:
4208
4209    Macquarie Island is politically part of Australia, not Antarctica.
4210    (Thanks to Tobias Conradi.)
4211
4212    Sort Macquarie more consistently with other parts of Australia.
4213    (Thanks to Tim Parenti.)
4214
4215
4216Release 2013b - 2013-03-10 22:33:40 -0700
4217
4218  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
4219
4220    Haiti uses US daylight-saving rules this year, and presumably future years.
4221    This changes timestamps starting today.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4222
4223    Paraguay will end DST on March 24 this year.
4224    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)  For now, assume it's just this year.
4225
4226    Morocco does not observe DST during Ramadan;
4227    try to predict Ramadan in Morocco as best we can.
4228    (Thanks to Erik Homoet for the heads-up.)
4229
4230  Changes affecting commentary:
4231
4232    Update URLs in tz-link page.  Add URLs for webOS, BB10, iOS.
4233    Update URL for Solaris.  Mention Internet RFC 6557.
4234    Update Internet RFCs 2445->5545, 2822->5322.
4235    Switch from FTP to HTTP for Internet RFCs.
4236
4237
4238Release 2013a - 2013-02-27 09:20:35 -0800
4239
4240  Change affecting binary data format:
4241
4242    The zone offset at the end of version-2-format zone files is now
4243    allowed to be 24:00, as per POSIX.1-2008.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
4244
4245  Changes affecting current and future timestamps:
4246
4247    Chile's 2013 rules, and we guess rules for 2014 and later, will be
4248    the same as 2012, namely Apr Sun>=23 03:00 UTC to Sep Sun>=2 04:00 UTC.
4249    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Robert Elz.)
4250
4251    New Zones Asia/Khandyga, Asia/Ust-Nera, Europe/Busingen.
4252    (Thanks to Tobias Conradi and Arthur David Olson.)
4253
4254  Many changes affect historical timestamps before 1940.
4255  These were deduced from: Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899
4256  Feb;13(2):173-94 <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
4257
4258  Changes affecting the code:
4259
4260    Fix zic bug that mishandled Egypt's 2010 changes (this also affected
4261    the data).  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
4262
4263    Fix localtime bug when time_t is unsigned and data files were generated
4264    by a signed time_t system.  (Thanks to Doug Bailey for reporting and
4265    to Arthur David Olson for fixing.)
4266
4267    Allow the email address for bug reports to be set by the packager.
4268    The default is tz@iana.org, as before.  (Thanks to Joseph S. Myers.)
4269
4270    Update HTML checking to be compatible with Ubuntu 12.10.
4271
4272    Check that files are a safe subset of ASCII.  At some point we may
4273    relax this requirement to a safe subset of UTF-8.  Without the
4274    check, some non-UTF-8 encodings were leaking into the distribution.
4275
4276  Commentary changes:
4277
4278    Restore a comment about copyright notices that was inadvertently deleted.
4279    (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
4280
4281    Improve the commentary about which districts observe what times
4282    in Russia.  (Thanks to Oscar van Vlijmen and Arthur David Olson.)
4283
4284    Add web page links to tz.js.
4285
4286    Add "Run by the Monkeys" to tz-art.  (Thanks to Arthur David Olson.)
4287
4288
4289Release 2012j - 2012-11-12 18:34:49 -0800
4290
4291  Libya moved to CET this weekend, but with DST planned next year.
4292  (Thanks to Even Scharning, Steffen Thorsen, and Tim Parenti.)
4293
4294  Signatures now have the extension .asc, not .sign, as that's more
4295  standard.  (Thanks to Phil Pennock.)
4296
4297  The output of 'zdump --version', and of 'zic --version', now
4298  uses a format that is more typical for --version.
4299  (Thanks to Joseph S. Myers.)
4300
4301  The output of 'tzselect --help', 'zdump --help', and 'zic --help'
4302  now uses tz@iana.org rather than the old elsie address.
4303
4304  zic -v now complains about abbreviations that are less than 3
4305  or more than 6 characters, as per Posix.  Formerly, it checked
4306  for abbreviations that were more than 3.
4307
4308  'make public' no longer puts its temporary directory under /tmp,
4309  and uses the just-built zic rather than the system zic.
4310
4311  Various fixes to documentation and commentary.
4312
4313
4314Release 2012i - 2012-11-03 12:57:09 -0700
4315
4316  Cuba switches from DST tomorrow at 01:00.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4317
4318  Linker flags can now be specified via LDFLAGS.
4319  AWK now defaults to 'awk', not 'nawk'.
4320  The shell in tzselect now defaults to /bin/bash, but this can
4321  be overridden by specifying KSHELL.
4322  The main web page now mentions the unofficial GitHub repository.
4323  (Thanks to Mike Frysinger.)
4324
4325  Tarball signatures can now be built by running 'make signatures'.
4326  There are also new makefile rules 'tarballs', 'check_public', and
4327  separate makefile rules for each tarball and signature file.
4328  A few makefile rules are now more portable to strict POSIX.
4329
4330  The main web page now lists the canonical IANA URL.
4331
4332
4333Release 2012h - 2012-10-26 22:49:10 -0700
4334
4335  Bahia no longer has DST.  (Thanks to Kelley Cook.)
4336
4337  Tocantins has DST.  (Thanks to Rodrigo Severo.)
4338
4339  Israel has new DST rules next year.  (Thanks to Ephraim Silverberg.)
4340
4341  Jordan stays on DST this winter.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4342
4343  Web page updates.
4344
4345  More C modernization, except that at Arthur David Olson's suggestion
4346  the instances of 'register' were kept.
4347
4348
4349Release 2012g - 2012-10-17 20:59:45 -0700
4350
4351  Samoa fall 2012 and later.  (Thanks to Nicholas Pereira and Robert Elz.)
4352
4353  Palestine fall 2012.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4354
4355  Assume C89.
4356
4357  To attack the version-number problem, this release ships the file
4358  'Makefile' (which contains the release number) in both the tzcode and
4359  the tzdata tarballs.  The two Makefiles are identical, and should be
4360  identical in any matching pair of tarballs, so it shouldn't matter
4361  which order you extract the tarballs.  Perhaps we can come up with a
4362  better version-number scheme at some point; this scheme does have the
4363  virtue of not adding more files.
4364
4365
4366Release 2012f - 2012-09-12 23:17:03 -0700
4367
4368  * australasia (Pacific/Fiji): Fiji DST is October 21 through January
4369    20 this year.  (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4370
4371
4372Release 2012e - 2012-08-02 20:44:55 -0700
4373
4374  * australasia (Pacific/Fakaofo): Tokelau is UT +13, not +14.
4375    (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.)
4376
4377  * Use a single version number for both code and data.
4378
4379  * .gitignore: New file.
4380
4381  * Remove trailing white space.
4382
4383
4384Release code2012c-data2012d - 2012-07-19 16:35:33 -0700
4385
4386  Changes for Morocco's timestamps, which take effect in a couple of
4387  hours, along with infrastructure changes to accommodate how the tz
4388  code and data are released on IANA.
4389
4390
4391Release data2012c - 2012-03-27 12:17:25 -0400
4392
4393  africa
4394	Summer time changes for Morocco (to start late April 2012)
4395
4396  asia
4397	Changes for 2012 for Gaza & the West Bank (Hebron) and Syria
4398
4399  northamerica
4400	Haiti following US/Canada rules for 2012 (and we're assuming,
4401	for now anyway, for the future).
4402
4403
4404Release 2012b - 2012-03-02 12:29:15 +0700
4405
4406  There is just one change to tzcode2012b (compared with 2012a):
4407  the Makefile that was accidentally included with 2012a has been
4408  replaced with the version that should have been there, which is
4409  identical with the previous version (from tzcode2011i).
4410
4411  There are just two changes in tzdata2012b compared with 2012a.
4412
4413  Most significantly, summer time in Cuba has been delayed 3 weeks
4414  (now starts April 1 rather than March 11).   Since Mar 11 (the old start
4415  date, as listed in 2012a) is just a little over a week away, this
4416  change is urgent.
4417
4418  Less importantly, an excess tab in one of the changes in zone.tab
4419  in 2012a has been removed.
4420
4421
4422Release 2012a - 2012-03-01 18:28:10 +0700
4423
4424  The changes in tzcode2012a (compared to the previous version, 2011i)
4425  are entirely to the README and tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files, if
4426  none of those concern you, you can ignore the code update.  The changes
4427  reflect the changed addresses for the mailing list and the code and
4428  data distribution points & methods (and a link to DateTime::TimeZone::Tzfile
4429  has been added to tz-link.htm).
4430
4431  In tzdata2012a (compared to the previous release, which was 2011n)
4432  the major changes are:
4433	Chile 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 summer time date adjustments.
4434	Falkland Islands onto permanent summer time (we're assuming for the
4435		foreseeable future, though 2012 is all we're fairly certain of.)
4436	Armenia has abolished Summer Time.
4437	Tokelau jumped the International Date Line back last December
4438		(just the same as their near neighbour, Samoa).
4439	America/Creston is a new zone for a small area of British Columbia
4440	There will be a leapsecond 2012-06-30 23:59:60 UTC.
4441
4442  Other minor changes are:
4443	Corrections to 1918 Canadian summer time end dates.
4444	Updated URL for UK time zone history (in comments)
4445	A few typos in Le Corre's list of free French place names (comments)
4446
4447
4448Release data2011n - 2011-10-30 14:57:54 +0700
4449
4450  There are three changes of note - most urgently, Cuba (America/Havana)
4451  has extended summer time by two weeks, now to end on Nov 13, rather than
4452  the (already past) Oct 30.   Second, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic
4453  (Europe/Tiraspol) decided not to split from the rest of Moldova after
4454  all, and consequently that zone has been removed (again) and reinstated
4455  in the "backward" file as a link to Europe/Chisinau.   And third, the
4456  end date for Fiji's summer time this summer was moved forward from the
4457  earlier planned Feb 26, to Jan 22.
4458
4459  Apart from that, Moldova (MD) returns to a single entry in zone.tab
4460  (and the incorrect syntax that was in the 2011m version of that file
4461  is so fixed - it would have been fixed in a different way had this
4462  change not happened - that's the "missing" sccs version id).
4463
4464
4465Release data2011m - 2011-10-24 21:42:16 +0700
4466
4467  In particular, the typos in comments in the data (2011-11-17 should have
4468  been 2011-10-17 as Alan Barrett noted, and spelling of Tiraspol that
4469  Tim Parenti noted) have been fixed, and the change for Ukraine has been
4470  made in all 4 Ukrainian zones, rather than just Kiev (again, thanks to
4471  Tim Parenti, and also Denys Gavrysh)
4472
4473  In addition, I added Europe/Tiraspol to zone.tab.
4474
4475  This time, all the files have new version numbers...  (including the files
4476  otherwise unchanged in 2011m that were changed in 2011l but didn't get new
4477  version numbers there...)
4478
4479
4480Release data2011l - 2011-10-10 11:15:43 +0700
4481
4482  There are just 2 changes that cause different generated tzdata files from
4483  zic, to Asia/Hebron and Pacific/Fiji - the possible change for Bahia, Brazil
4484  is included, but commented out.  Compared with the diff I sent out last week,
4485  this version also includes attributions for the sources for the changes
4486  (in much the same format as ado used, but the html tags have not been
4487  checked, verified, or used in any way at all, so if there are errors there,
4488  please let me know.)
4489
4490
4491Release data2011k - 2011-09-20 17:54:03 -0400
4492
4493  [not summarized]
4494
4495
4496Release data2011j - 2011-09-12 09:22:49 -0400
4497
4498  (contemporary changes for Samoa; past changes for Kenya, Uganda, and
4499  Tanzania); there are also two spelling corrections to comments in
4500  the australasia file (with thanks to Christos Zoulas).
4501
4502
4503Release 2011i - 2011-08-29 05:56:32 -0400
4504
4505  [not summarized]
4506
4507
4508Release data2011h - 2011-06-15 18:41:48 -0400
4509
4510  Russia and Curaçao changes
4511
4512
4513Release 2011g - 2011-04-25 09:07:22 -0400
4514
4515  update the rules for Egypt to reflect its abandonment of DST this year
4516
4517
4518Release 2011f - 2011-04-06 17:14:53 -0400
4519
4520  [not summarized]
4521
4522
4523Release 2011e - 2011-03-31 16:04:38 -0400
4524
4525  Morocco, Chile, and tz-link changes
4526
4527
4528Release 2011d - 2011-03-14 09:18:01 -0400
4529
4530  changes that impact present-day timestamps in Cuba, Samoa, and Turkey
4531
4532
4533Release 2011c - 2011-03-07 09:30:09 -0500
4534
4535  These do affect current timestamps in Chile and Annette Island, Canada.
4536
4537
4538Release 2011b - 2011-02-07 08:44:50 -0500
4539
4540  [not summarized]
4541
4542
4543Release 2011a - 2011-01-24 10:30:16 -0500
4544
4545  [not summarized]
4546
4547
4548Release data2010o - 2010-11-01 09:18:23 -0400
4549
4550  change to the end of DST in Fiji in 2011
4551
4552
4553Release 2010n - 2010-10-25 08:19:17 -0400
4554
4555  [not summarized]
4556
4557
4558Release 2010m - 2010-09-27 09:24:48 -0400
4559
4560  Hong Kong, Vostok, and zic.c changes
4561
4562
4563Release 2010l - 2010-08-16 06:57:25 -0400
4564
4565  [not summarized]
4566
4567
4568Release 2010k - 2010-07-26 10:42:27 -0400
4569
4570  [not summarized]
4571
4572
4573Release 2010j - 2010-05-10 09:07:48 -0400
4574
4575  changes for Bahía de Banderas and for version naming
4576
4577
4578Release data2010i - 2010-04-16 18:50:45 -0400
4579
4580  the end of DST in Morocco on 2010-08-08
4581
4582
4583Release data2010h - 2010-04-05 09:58:56 -0400
4584
4585  [not summarized]
4586
4587
4588Release data2010g - 2010-03-24 11:14:53 -0400
4589
4590  [not summarized]
4591
4592
4593Release 2010f - 2010-03-22 09:45:46 -0400
4594
4595  [not summarized]
4596
4597
4598Release data2010e - 2010-03-08 14:24:27 -0500
4599
4600  corrects the Dhaka bug found by Danvin Ruangchan
4601
4602
4603Release data2010d - 2010-03-06 07:26:01 -0500
4604
4605  [not summarized]
4606
4607
4608Release 2010c - 2010-03-01 09:20:58 -0500
4609
4610  changes including KRE's suggestion for earlier initialization of
4611  "goahead" and "goback" structure elements
4612
4613
4614Release code2010a - 2010-02-16 10:40:04 -0500
4615
4616  [not summarized]
4617
4618
4619Release data2010b - 2010-01-20 12:37:01 -0500
4620
4621  Mexico changes
4622
4623
4624Release data2010a - 2010-01-18 08:30:04 -0500
4625
4626  changes to Dhaka
4627
4628
4629Release data2009u - 2009-12-26 08:32:28 -0500
4630
4631  changes to DST in Bangladesh
4632
4633
4634Release 2009t - 2009-12-21 13:24:27 -0500
4635
4636  [not summarized]
4637
4638
4639Release data2009s - 2009-11-14 10:26:32 -0500
4640
4641  (cosmetic) Antarctica change and the DST-in-Fiji-in-2009-and-2010 change
4642
4643
4644Release 2009r - 2009-11-09 10:10:31 -0500
4645
4646  "antarctica" and "tz-link.htm" changes
4647
4648
4649Release 2009q - 2009-11-02 09:12:40 -0500
4650
4651  with two corrections as reported by Eric Muller and Philip Newton
4652
4653
4654Release data2009p - 2009-10-23 15:05:27 -0400
4655
4656  Argentina (including San Luis) changes (with the correction from
4657  Mariano Absatz)
4658
4659
4660Release data2009o - 2009-10-14 16:49:38 -0400
4661
4662  Samoa (commentary only), Pakistan, and Bangladesh changes
4663
4664
4665Release data2009n - 2009-09-22 15:13:38 -0400
4666
4667  added commentary for Argentina and a change to the end of DST in
4668  2009 in Pakistan
4669
4670
4671Release data2009m - 2009-09-03 10:23:43 -0400
4672
4673  Samoa and Palestine changes
4674
4675
4676Release data2009l - 2009-08-14 09:13:07 -0400
4677
4678  Samoa (comments only) and Egypt
4679
4680
4681Release 2009k - 2009-07-20 09:46:08 -0400
4682
4683  [not summarized]
4684
4685
4686Release data2009j - 2009-06-15 06:43:59 -0400
4687
4688  Bangladesh change (with a short turnaround since the DST change is
4689  impending)
4690
4691
4692Release 2009i - 2009-06-08 09:21:22 -0400
4693
4694  updating for DST in Bangladesh this year
4695
4696
4697Release 2009h - 2009-05-26 09:19:14 -0400
4698
4699  [not summarized]
4700
4701
4702Release data2009g - 2009-04-20 16:34:07 -0400
4703
4704  Cairo
4705
4706
4707Release data2009f - 2009-04-10 11:00:52 -0400
4708
4709  correct DST in Pakistan
4710
4711
4712Release 2009e - 2009-04-06 09:08:11 -0400
4713
4714  [not summarized]
4715
4716
4717Release 2009d - 2009-03-23 09:38:12 -0400
4718
4719  Morocco, Tunisia, Argentina, and American Astronomical Society changes
4720
4721
4722Release data2009c - 2009-03-16 09:47:51 -0400
4723
4724  change to the start of Cuban DST
4725
4726
4727Release 2009b - 2009-02-09 11:15:22 -0500
4728
4729  [not summarized]
4730
4731
4732Release 2009a - 2009-01-21 10:09:39 -0500
4733
4734  [not summarized]
4735
4736
4737Release data2008i - 2008-10-21 12:10:25 -0400
4738
4739  southamerica and zone.tab files, with Argentina DST rule changes and
4740  United States zone reordering and recommenting
4741
4742
4743Release 2008h - 2008-10-13 07:33:56 -0400
4744
4745  [not summarized]
4746
4747
4748Release 2008g - 2008-10-06 09:03:18 -0400
4749
4750  Fix a broken HTML anchor and update Brazil's DST transitions;
4751  there's also a slight reordering of information in tz-art.htm.
4752
4753
4754Release data2008f - 2008-09-09 22:33:26 -0400
4755
4756  [not summarized]
4757
4758
4759Release 2008e - 2008-07-28 14:11:17 -0400
4760
4761  changes by Arthur David Olson and Jesper Nørgaard Welen
4762
4763
4764Release data2008d - 2008-07-07 09:51:38 -0400
4765
4766  changes by Arthur David Olson, Paul Eggert, and Rodrigo Severo
4767
4768
4769Release data2008c - 2008-05-19 17:48:03 -0400
4770
4771  Pakistan, Morocco, and Mongolia
4772
4773
4774Release data2008b - 2008-03-24 08:30:59 -0400
4775
4776  including renaming Asia/Calcutta to Asia/Kolkata, with a backward
4777  link provided
4778
4779
4780Release 2008a - 2008-03-08 05:42:16 -0500
4781
4782  [not summarized]
4783
4784
4785Release 2007k - 2007-12-31 10:25:22 -0500
4786
4787  most importantly, changes to the "southamerica" file based on
4788  Argentina's readoption of daylight saving time
4789
4790
4791Release 2007j - 2007-12-03 09:51:01 -0500
4792
4793  1. eliminate the "P" (parameter) macro;
4794
4795  2. the "noncontroversial" changes circulated on the time zone
4796  mailing list (less the changes to "logwtmp.c");
4797
4798  3. eliminate "too many transition" errors when "min" is used in time
4799  zone rules;
4800
4801  4. changes by Paul Eggert (including updated information for Venezuela).
4802
4803
4804Release data2007i - 2007-10-30 10:28:11 -0400
4805
4806  changes for Cuba and Syria
4807
4808
4809Release 2007h - 2007-10-01 10:05:51 -0400
4810
4811  changes by Paul Eggert, as well as an updated link to the ICU
4812  project in tz-link.htm
4813
4814
4815Release 2007g - 2007-08-20 10:47:59 -0400
4816
4817  changes by Paul Eggert
4818
4819  The "leapseconds" file has been updated to incorporate the most
4820  recent International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
4821  (IERS) bulletin.
4822
4823  There's an addition to tz-art.htm regarding the television show "Medium".
4824
4825
4826Release 2007f - 2007-05-07 10:46:46 -0400
4827
4828  changes by Paul Eggert (including Haiti, Turks and Caicos, and New
4829  Zealand)
4830
4831  changes to zic.c to allow hour values greater than 24 (along with
4832  Paul's improved time value overflow checking)
4833
4834
4835Release 2007e - 2007-04-02 10:11:52 -0400
4836
4837  Syria and Honduras changes by Paul Eggert
4838
4839  zic.c variable renaming changes by Arthur David Olson
4840
4841
4842Release 2007d - 2007-03-20 08:48:30 -0400
4843
4844  changes by Paul Eggert
4845
4846  the elimination of white space at the ends of lines
4847
4848
4849Release 2007c - 2007-02-26 09:09:37 -0500
4850
4851  changes by Paul Eggert
4852
4853
4854Release 2007b - 2007-02-12 09:34:20 -0500
4855
4856  Paul Eggert's proposed change to the quotation handling logic in zic.c.
4857
4858  changes to the commentary in "leapseconds" reflecting the IERS
4859  announcement that there is to be no positive leap second at the end
4860  of June 2007.
4861
4862
4863Release 2007a - 2007-01-08 12:28:29 -0500
4864
4865  changes by Paul Eggert
4866
4867  Derick Rethans's Asmara change
4868
4869  Oscar van Vlijmen's Easter Island local mean time change
4870
4871  symbolic link changes
4872
4873
4874Release 2006p - 2006-11-27 08:54:27 -0500
4875
4876  changes by Paul Eggert
4877
4878
4879Release 2006o - 2006-11-06 09:18:07 -0500
4880
4881  changes by Paul Eggert
4882
4883
4884Release 2006n - 2006-10-10 11:32:06 -0400
4885
4886  changes by Paul Eggert
4887
4888
4889Release 2006m - 2006-10-02 15:32:35 -0400
4890
4891  changes for Uruguay, Palestine, and Egypt by Paul Eggert
4892
4893  (minimalist) changes to zic.8 to clarify "until" information
4894
4895
4896Release data2006l - 2006-09-18 12:58:11 -0400
4897
4898  Paul's best-effort work on this coming weekend's Egypt time change
4899
4900
4901Release 2006k - 2006-08-28 12:19:09 -0400
4902
4903  changes by Paul Eggert
4904
4905
4906Release 2006j - 2006-08-21 09:56:32 -0400
4907
4908  changes by Paul Eggert
4909
4910
4911Release code2006i - 2006-08-07 12:30:55 -0400
4912
4913  localtime.c fixes
4914
4915  Ken Pizzini's conversion script
4916
4917
4918Release code2006h - 2006-07-24 09:19:37 -0400
4919
4920  adds public domain notices to four files
4921
4922  includes a fix for transition times being off by a second
4923
4924  adds a new recording to the "arts" file (information courtesy Colin Bowern)
4925
4926
4927Release 2006g - 2006-05-08 17:18:09 -0400
4928
4929  northamerica changes by Paul Eggert
4930
4931
4932Release 2006f - 2006-05-01 11:46:00 -0400
4933
4934  a missing version number problem is fixed (with thanks to Bradley
4935  White for catching the problem)
4936
4937
4938Release 2006d - 2006-04-17 14:33:43 -0400
4939
4940  changes by Paul Eggert
4941
4942  added new items to tz-arts.htm that were found by Paul
4943
4944
4945Release 2006c - 2006-04-03 10:09:32 -0400
4946
4947  two sets of data changes by Paul Eggert
4948
4949  a fencepost error fix in zic.c
4950
4951  changes to zic.c and the "europe" file to minimize differences
4952  between output produced by the old 32-bit zic and the new 64-bit
4953  version
4954
4955
4956Release 2006b - 2006-02-20 10:08:18 -0500
4957  [tz32code2006b + tz64code2006b + tzdata2006b]
4958
4959  64-bit code
4960
4961  All SCCS IDs were bumped to "8.1" for this release.
4962
4963
4964Release 2006a - 2006-01-30 08:59:31 -0500
4965
4966  changes by Paul Eggert (in particular, Indiana time zone moves)
4967
4968  an addition to the zic manual page to describe how special-case
4969  transitions are handled
4970
4971
4972Release 2005r - 2005-12-27 09:27:13 -0500
4973
4974  Canadian changes by Paul Eggert
4975
4976  They also add "<pre>" directives to time zone data files and reflect
4977  changes to warning message logic in "zdump.c" (but with calls to
4978  "gettext" kept unbundled at the suggestion of Ken Pizzini).
4979
4980
4981Release 2005q - 2005-12-13 09:17:09 -0500
4982
4983  Nothing earth-shaking here:
4984	1.  Electronic mail addresses have been removed.
4985	2.  Casts of the return value of exit have been removed.
4986	3.  Casts of the argument of is.* macros have been added.
4987	4.  Indentation in one section of zic.c has been fixed.
4988	5.  References to dead URLs in the data files have been dealt with.
4989
4990
4991Release 2005p - 2005-12-05 10:30:53 -0500
4992
4993  "systemv", "tz-link.htm", and "zdump.c" changes
4994  (less the casts of arguments to the is* macros)
4995
4996
4997Release 2005o - 2005-11-28 10:55:26 -0500
4998
4999  Georgia, Cuba, Nicaragua, and Jordan changes by Paul Eggert
5000
5001  zdump.c lint fixes by Arthur David Olson
5002
5003
5004Release 2005n - 2005-10-03 09:44:09 -0400
5005
5006  changes by Paul Eggert (both the Uruguay changes and the Kyrgyzstan
5007  et al. changes)
5008
5009
5010Release 2005m - 2005-08-29 12:15:40 -0400
5011
5012  changes by Paul Eggert (with a small tweak to the tz-art change)
5013
5014  a declaration of an unused variable has been removed from zdump.c
5015
5016
5017Release 2005l - 2005-08-22 12:06:39 -0400
5018
5019  changes by Paul Eggert
5020
5021  overflow/underflow checks by Arthur David Olson, minus changes to
5022  the "Theory" file about the pending addition of 64-bit data (I grow
5023  less confident of the changes being accepted with each passing day,
5024  and the changes no longer increase the data files nine-fold--there's
5025  less than a doubling in size by my local Sun's reckoning)
5026
5027
5028Release 2005k - 2005-07-14 14:14:24 -0400
5029
5030  The "leapseconds" file has been edited to reflect the recently
5031  announced leap second at the end of 2005.
5032
5033  I've also deleted electronic mail addresses from the files as an
5034  anti-spam measure.
5035
5036
5037Release 2005j - 2005-06-13 14:34:13 -0400
5038
5039  These reflect changes to limit the length of time zone abbreviations
5040  and the characters used in those abbreviations.
5041
5042  There are also changes to handle POSIX-style "quoted" timezone
5043  environment variables.
5044
5045  The changes were circulated on the time zone mailing list; the only
5046  change since then was the removal of a couple of minimum-length of
5047  abbreviation checks.
5048
5049
5050Release data2005i - 2005-04-21 15:04:16 -0400
5051
5052  changes (most importantly to Nicaragua and Haiti) by Paul Eggert
5053
5054
5055Release 2005h - 2005-04-04 11:24:47 -0400
5056
5057  changes by Paul Eggert
5058
5059  minor changes to Makefile and zdump.c to produce more useful output
5060  when doing a "make typecheck"
5061
5062
5063Release 2005g - 2005-03-14 10:11:21 -0500
5064
5065  changes by Paul Eggert (a change to current DST rules in Uruguay and
5066  an update to a link to time zone software)
5067
5068
5069Release 2005f - 2005-03-01 08:45:32 -0500
5070
5071  data and documentation changes by Paul Eggert
5072
5073
5074Release 2005e - 2005-02-10 15:59:44 -0500
5075
5076  [not summarized]
5077
5078
5079Release code2005d - 2005-01-31 09:21:47 -0500
5080
5081  make zic complain about links to links if the -v flag is used
5082
5083  have "make public" do more code checking
5084
5085  add an include to "localtime.c" for the benefit of gcc systems
5086
5087
5088Release 2005c - 2005-01-17 18:36:29 -0500
5089
5090  get better results when mktime runs on a system where time_t is double
5091
5092  changes to the data files (most importantly to Paraguay)
5093
5094
5095Release 2005b - 2005-01-10 09:19:54 -0500
5096
5097  Get localtime and gmtime working on systems with exotic time_t types.
5098
5099  Update the leap second commentary in the "leapseconds" file.
5100
5101
5102Release 2005a - 2005-01-01 13:13:44 -0500
5103
5104  [not summarized]
5105
5106
5107Release code2004i - 2004-12-14 13:42:58 -0500
5108
5109  Deal with systems where time_t is unsigned.
5110
5111
5112Release code2004h - 2004-12-07 11:40:18 -0500
5113
5114  64-bit-time_t changes
5115
5116
5117Release 2004g - 2004-11-02 09:06:01 -0500
5118
5119  update to Cuba (taking effect this weekend)
5120
5121  other changes by Paul Eggert
5122
5123  correction of the spelling of Oslo
5124
5125  changed versions of difftime.c and private.h
5126
5127
5128Release code2004f - 2004-10-21 10:25:22 -0400
5129
5130  Cope with wide-ranging tm_year values.
5131
5132
5133Release 2004e - 2004-10-11 14:47:21 -0400
5134
5135  Brazil/Argentina/Israel changes by Paul Eggert
5136
5137  changes to tz-link.htm by Paul
5138
5139  one small fix to Makefile
5140
5141
5142Release 2004d - 2004-09-22 08:27:29 -0400
5143
5144  Avoid overflow problems when TM_YEAR_BASE is added to an integer.
5145
5146
5147Release 2004c - 2004-08-11 12:06:26 -0400
5148
5149  asctime-related changes
5150
5151  (variants of) some of the documentation changes suggested by Paul Eggert
5152
5153
5154Release 2004b - 2004-07-19 14:33:35 -0400
5155
5156  data changes by Paul Eggert - most importantly, updates for Argentina
5157
5158
5159Release 2004a - 2004-05-27 12:00:47 -0400
5160
5161  changes by Paul Eggert
5162
5163  Handle DST transitions that occur at the end of a month in some
5164  years but at the start of the following month in other years.
5165
5166  Add a copy of the correspondence that's the basis for claims about
5167  DST in the Navajo Nation.
5168
5169
5170Release 2003e - 2003-12-15 09:36:47 -0500
5171
5172  changes by Arthur David Olson (primarily code changes)
5173
5174  changes by Paul Eggert (primarily data changes)
5175
5176  minor changes to "Makefile" and "northamerica" (in the latter case,
5177  optimization of the "Toronto" rules)
5178
5179
5180Release 2003d - 2003-10-06 09:34:44 -0400
5181
5182  changes by Paul Eggert
5183
5184
5185Release 2003c - 2003-09-16 10:47:05 -0400
5186
5187  Fix bad returns in zic.c's inleap function.
5188  Thanks to Bradley White for catching the problem!
5189
5190
5191Release 2003b - 2003-09-16 07:13:44 -0400
5192
5193  Add a "--version" option (and documentation) to the zic and zdump commands.
5194
5195  changes to overflow/underflow checking in zic
5196
5197  a localtime typo fix.
5198
5199  Update the leapseconds and tz-art.htm files.
5200
5201
5202Release 2003a - 2003-03-24 09:30:54 -0500
5203
5204  changes by Paul Eggert
5205
5206  a few additions and modifications to the tz-art.htm file
5207
5208
5209Release 2002d - 2002-10-15 13:12:42 -0400
5210
5211  changes by Paul Eggert, less the "Britain (UK)" change in iso3166.tab
5212
5213  There's also a new time zone quote in "tz-art.htm".
5214
5215
5216Release 2002c - 2002-04-04 11:55:20 -0500
5217
5218  changes by Paul Eggert
5219
5220  Change zic.c to avoid creating symlinks to files that don't exist.
5221
5222
5223Release 2002b - 2002-01-28 12:56:03 -0500
5224
5225  [These change notes are for Release 2002a, which was corrupted.
5226  2002b was a corrected version of 2002a.]
5227
5228  changes by Paul Eggert
5229
5230  Update the "leapseconds" file to note that there'll be no leap
5231  second at the end of June, 2002.
5232
5233  Change "zic.c" to deal with a problem in handling the "Asia/Bishkek" zone.
5234
5235  Change to "difftime.c" to avoid sizeof problems.
5236
5237
5238Release 2001d - 2001-10-09 13:31:32 -0400
5239
5240  changes by Paul Eggert
5241
5242
5243Release 2001c - 2001-06-05 13:59:55 -0400
5244
5245  changes by Paul Eggert and Andrew Brown
5246
5247
5248Release 2001b - 2001-04-05 16:44:38 -0400
5249
5250  changes by Paul Eggert (modulo jnorgard's typo fix)
5251
5252  tz-art.htm has been HTMLified.
5253
5254
5255Release 2001a - 2001-03-13 12:57:44 -0500
5256
5257  changes by Paul Eggert
5258
5259  An addition to the "leapseconds" file: comments with the text of the
5260  latest IERS leap second notice.
5261
5262  Trailing white space has been removed from data file lines, and
5263  repeated spaces in "Rule Jordan" lines in the "asia" file have been
5264  converted to tabs.
5265
5266
5267Release 2000h - 2000-12-14 15:33:38 -0500
5268
5269  changes by Paul Eggert
5270
5271  one typo fix in the "art" file
5272
5273  With providence, this is the last update of the millennium.
5274
5275
5276Release 2000g - 2000-10-10 11:35:22 -0400
5277
5278  changes by Paul Eggert
5279
5280  correction of John Mackin's name submitted by Robert Elz
5281
5282  Garry Shandling's Daylight Saving Time joke (!?!) from the recent
5283  Emmy Awards broadcast.
5284
5285
5286Release 2000f - 2000-08-10 09:31:58 -0400
5287
5288  changes by Paul Eggert
5289
5290  Added information in "tz-art.htm" on a Seinfeld reference to DST.
5291
5292  Error checking and messages in the "yearistype" script have been
5293  improved.
5294
5295
5296Release 2000e - 2000-07-31 09:27:54 -0400
5297
5298  data changes by Paul Eggert
5299
5300  a change to the default value of the defined constant HAVE_STRERROR
5301
5302  the addition of a Dave Barry quote on DST to the tz-arts file
5303
5304
5305Release 2000d - 2000-04-20 15:43:04 -0400
5306
5307  changes to the documentation and code of strftime for C99 conformance
5308
5309  a bug fix for date.c
5310
5311  These are based on (though modified from) changes by Paul Eggert.
5312
5313
5314Release 2000c - 2000-03-04 10:31:43 -0500
5315
5316  changes by Paul Eggert
5317
5318
5319Release 2000b - 2000-02-21 12:16:29 -0500
5320
5321  changes by Paul Eggert and Joseph Myers
5322
5323  modest tweaks to the tz-art.htm and tz-link.htm files
5324
5325
5326Release 2000a - 2000-01-18 09:21:26 -0500
5327
5328  changes by Paul Eggert
5329
5330  The two hypertext documents have also been renamed.
5331
5332
5333Release code1999i-data1999j - 1999-11-15 18:43:22 -0500
5334
5335  Paul Eggert's changes
5336
5337  additions to the "zic" manual page and the "Arts.htm" file
5338
5339
5340Release code1999h-data1999i - 1999-11-08 14:55:21 -0500
5341
5342  [not summarized]
5343
5344
5345Release data1999h - 1999-10-07 03:50:29 -0400
5346
5347  changes by Paul Eggert to "europe" (most importantly, fixing
5348  Lithuania and Estonia)
5349
5350
5351Release 1999g - 1999-09-28 11:06:18 -0400
5352
5353  data changes by Paul Eggert (most importantly, the change for
5354  Lebanon that buys correctness for this coming Sunday)
5355
5356  The "code" file contains changes to "Makefile" and "checktab.awk" to
5357  allow better checking of time zone files before they are published.
5358
5359
5360Release 1999f - 1999-09-23 09:48:14 -0400
5361
5362  changes by Arthur David Olson and Paul Eggert
5363
5364
5365Release 1999e - 1999-08-17 15:20:54 -0400
5366
5367  changes circulated by Paul Eggert, although the change to handling
5368  of DST-specifying timezone names has been commented out for now
5369  (search for "XXX" in "localtime.c" for details).  These files also
5370  do not make any changes to the start of DST in Brazil.
5371
5372  In addition to Paul's changes, there are updates to "Arts.htm" and
5373  cleanups of URLs.
5374
5375
5376Release 1999d - 1999-03-30 11:31:07 -0500
5377
5378  changes by Paul Eggert
5379
5380  The Makefile's "make public" rule has also been changed to do a test
5381  compile of each individual time zone data file (which should help
5382  avoid problems such as the one we had with Nicosia).
5383
5384
5385Release 1999c - 1999-03-25 09:47:47 -0500
5386
5387  changes by Paul Eggert, most importantly the change for Chile.
5388
5389
5390Release 1999b - 1999-02-01 17:51:44 -0500
5391
5392  changes by Paul Eggert
5393
5394  code changes (suggested by Mani Varadarajan, mani at be.com) for
5395  correct handling of symbolic links when building using a relative directory
5396
5397  code changes to generate correct messages for failed links
5398
5399  updates to the URLs in Arts.htm
5400
5401
5402Release 1999a - 1999-01-19 16:20:29 -0500
5403
5404  error message internationalizations and corrections in zic.c and
5405  zdump.c (as suggested by Vladimir Michl, vladimir.michl at upol.cz,
5406  to whom thanks!)
5407
5408
5409Release code1998h-data1998i - 1998-10-01 09:56:10 -0400
5410
5411  changes for Brazil, Chile, and Germany
5412
5413  support for use of "24:00" in the input files for the time zone compiler
5414
5415
5416Release code1998g-data1998h - 1998-09-24 10:50:28 -0400
5417
5418  changes by Paul Eggert
5419
5420  correction to a define in the "private.h" file
5421
5422
5423Release data1998g - 1998-08-11 03:28:35 -0000
5424  [tzdata1998g.tar.gz is missing!]
5425
5426  Lithuanian change provided by mgedmin at pub.osf.it
5427
5428  Move creation of the GMT link with Etc/GMT to "etcetera" (from
5429  "backward") to ensure that the GMT file is created even where folks
5430  don't want the "backward" links (as suggested by Paul Eggert).
5431
5432
5433Release data1998f - 1998-07-20 13:50:00 -0000
5434  [tzdata1998f.tar.gz is missing!]
5435
5436  Update the "leapseconds" file to include the newly announced
5437  insertion at the end of 1998.
5438
5439
5440Release code1998f - 1998-06-01 10:18:31 -0400
5441
5442  addition to localtime.c by Guy Harris
5443
5444
5445Release 1998e - 1998-05-28 09:56:26 -0400
5446
5447  The Makefile is changed to produce zoneinfo-posix rather than
5448  zoneinfo/posix, and to produce zoneinfo-leaps rather than
5449  zoneinfo/right.
5450
5451  data changes by Paul Eggert
5452
5453  changes from Guy Harris to provide asctime_r and ctime_r
5454
5455  A usno1998 file (substantially identical to usno1997) has been added.
5456
5457
5458Release 1998d - 1998-05-14 11:58:34 -0400
5459
5460  changes to comments (in particular, elimination of references to CIA maps).
5461  "Arts.htm", "WWW.htm", "asia", and "australasia" are the only places
5462  where changes occur.
5463
5464
5465Release 1998c - 1998-02-28 12:32:26 -0500
5466
5467  changes by Paul Eggert (save the "French correction," on which I'll
5468  wait for the dust to settle)
5469
5470  symlink changes
5471
5472  changes and additions to Arts.htm
5473
5474
5475Release 1998b - 1998-01-17 14:31:51 -0500
5476
5477  URL cleanups and additions
5478
5479
5480Release 1998a - 1998-01-13 12:37:35 -0500
5481
5482  changes by Paul Eggert
5483
5484
5485Release code1997i-data1997k - 1997-12-29 09:53:41 -0500
5486
5487  changes by Paul Eggert, with minor modifications from Arthur David
5488  Olson to make the files more browser friendly
5489
5490
5491Release code1997h-data1997j - 1997-12-18 17:47:35 -0500
5492
5493  minor changes to put "TZif" at the start of each timezone information file
5494
5495  a rule has also been added to the Makefile so you can
5496	make zones
5497  to just recompile the zone information files (rather than doing a
5498  full "make install" with its other effects).
5499
5500
5501Release data1997i - 1997-10-07 08:45:38 -0400
5502
5503  changes to Africa by Paul Eggert
5504
5505
5506Release code1997g-data1997h - 1997-09-04 16:56:54 -0400
5507
5508  corrections for Uruguay (and other locations)
5509
5510  Arthur David Olson's simple-minded fix allowing mktime to both
5511  correctly handle leap seconds and correctly handle tm_sec values
5512  upon which arithmetic has been performed.
5513
5514
5515Release code1997f-data1997g - 1997-07-19 13:15:02 -0400
5516
5517  Paul Eggert's updates
5518
5519  a small change to a function prototype;
5520
5521  "Music" has been renamed "Arts.htm", HTMLified, and augmented to
5522  include information on Around the World in Eighty Days.
5523
5524
5525Release code1997e-data1997f - 1997-05-03 18:52:34 -0400
5526
5527  fixes to zic's error handling
5528
5529  changes inspired by the item circulated on Slovenia
5530
5531  The description of Web resources has been HTMLified for browsing
5532  convenience.
5533
5534  A new piece of tz-related music has been added to the "Music" file.
5535
5536
5537Release code1997d-data1997e - 1997-03-29 12:48:52 -0500
5538
5539  Paul Eggert's latest suggestions
5540
5541
5542Release code1997c-data1997d - 1997-03-07 20:37:54 -0500
5543
5544  changes to "zic.c" to correct performance of the "-s" option
5545
5546  a new file "usno1997"
5547
5548
5549Release data1997c - 1997-03-04 09:58:18 -0500
5550
5551  changes in Israel
5552
5553
5554Release 1997b - 1997-02-27 18:34:19 -0500
5555
5556  The data file incorporates the 1997 leap second.
5557
5558  The code file incorporates Arthur David Olson's take on the
5559  zic/multiprocessor/directory-creation situation.
5560
5561
5562Release 1997a - 1997-01-21 09:11:10 -0500
5563
5564  Paul Eggert's Antarctica (and other changes)
5565
5566  Arthur David Olson finessed the "getopt" issue by checking against
5567  both -1 and EOF (regardless of POSIX, SunOS 4.1.1's manual says -1
5568  is returned while SunOS 5.5's manual says EOF is returned).
5569
5570
5571Release code1996o-data1996n - 1996-12-27 21:42:05 -0500
5572
5573  Paul Eggert's latest changes
5574
5575
5576Release code1996n - 1996-12-16 09:42:02 -0500
5577
5578  link snapping fix from Bruce Evans (via Garrett Wollman)
5579
5580
5581Release data1996m - 1996-11-24 02:37:34 -0000
5582  [tzdata1996m.tar.gz is missing!]
5583
5584  Paul Eggert's batch of changes
5585
5586
5587Release code1996m-data1996l - 1996-11-05 14:00:12 -0500
5588
5589  No functional changes here; the files have simply been changed to
5590  make more use of ISO style dates in comments. The names of the above
5591  files now include the year in full.
5592
5593
5594Release code96l - 1996-09-08 17:12:20 -0400
5595
5596  tzcode96k was missing a couple of pieces.
5597
5598
5599Release 96k - 1996-09-08 16:06:22 -0400
5600
5601  the latest round of changes from Paul Eggert
5602
5603  the recent Year 2000 material
5604
5605
5606Release code96j - 1996-07-30 13:18:53 -0400
5607
5608  Set sp->typecnt as suggested by Timothy Patrick Murphy.
5609
5610
5611Release code96i - 1996-07-27 20:11:35 -0400
5612
5613  Paul's suggested patch for strftime %V week numbers
5614
5615
5616Release data96i - 1996-07-01 18:13:04 -0400
5617
5618  "northamerica" and "europe" changes by Paul Eggert
5619
5620
5621Release code96h - 1996-06-05 08:02:21 -0400
5622
5623  fix for handling transitions specified in Universal Time
5624
5625  Some "public domain" notices have also been added.
5626
5627
5628Release code96g - 1996-05-16 14:00:26 -0400
5629
5630  fix for the simultaneous-DST-and-zone-change challenge
5631
5632
5633Release data96h - 1996-05-09 17:40:51 -0400
5634
5635  changes by Paul Eggert
5636
5637
5638Release code96f-data96g - 1996-05-03 03:09:59 -0000
5639  [tzcode96f.tar.gz + tzdata96g.tar.gz are both missing!]
5640
5641  The changes get us some of the way to fixing the problems noted in Paul
5642  Eggert's letter yesterday (in addition to a few others).  The approach
5643  has been to make zic a bit smarter about figuring out what time zone
5644  abbreviations apply just after the time specified in the "UNTIL" part
5645  of a zone line.  Putting the smarts in zic means avoiding having
5646  transition times show up in both "Zone" lines and "Rule" lines, which
5647  in turn avoids multiple transition time entries in time zone files.
5648  (This also makes the zic input files such as "europe" a bit shorter and
5649  should ease maintenance.)
5650
5651
5652Release data96f - 1996-04-19 19:20:03 -0000
5653  [tzdata96f.tar.gz is missing!]
5654
5655  The only changes are to the "northamerica" file; the time zone
5656  abbreviation for Denver is corrected to MST (and MDT), and the
5657  comments for Mexico have been updated.
5658
5659
5660Release data96e - 1996-03-19 17:37:26 -0500
5661
5662  Proposals by Paul Eggert, in particular the Portugal change that
5663  comes into play at the end of this month.
5664
5665
5666Release data96d - 1996-03-18 20:49:39 -0500
5667
5668  [not summarized]
5669
5670
5671Release code96e - 1996-02-29 15:43:27 -0000
5672  [tzcode96e.tar.gz is missing!]
5673
5674  internationalization changes and the fix to the documentation for strftime
5675
5676
5677Release code96d-data96c - 1996-02-12 11:05:27 -0500
5678
5679  The "code" file simply updates Bob Kridle's electronic address.
5680
5681  The "data" file updates rules for Mexico.
5682
5683
5684Release data96b - 1996-01-27 15:44:42 -0500
5685
5686  Kiribati change
5687
5688
5689Release code96c - 1996-01-16 16:58:15 -0500
5690
5691  leap-year streamlining and binary-search changes
5692
5693  fix to newctime.3
5694
5695
5696Release code96b - 1996-01-10 20:42:39 -0500
5697
5698  fixes and enhancements from Paul Eggert, including code that
5699  emulates the behavior of recent versions of the SunOS "date"
5700  command.
5701
5702
5703Release 96a - 1996-01-06 09:08:24 -0500
5704
5705  Israel updates
5706
5707  fixes to strftime.c for correct ISO 8601 week number generation,
5708  plus support for two new formats ('G' and 'g') to give ISO 8601 year
5709  numbers (which are not necessarily the same as calendar year numbers)
5710
5711
5712Release code95i-data95m - 1995-12-21 12:46:47 -0500
5713
5714  The latest revisions from Paul Eggert are included, the usno1995
5715  file has been updated, and a new file ("WWW") covering useful URLs
5716  has been added.
5717
5718
5719Release code95h-data95l - 1995-12-19 18:10:12 -0500
5720
5721  A simplification of a macro definition, a change to data for Sudan,
5722  and (for last minute shoppers) notes in the "Music" file on the CD
5723  "Old Man Time".
5724
5725
5726Release code95g-data95k - 1995-10-30 10:32:47 -0500
5727
5728  (slightly reformatted) 8-bit-clean proposed patch
5729
5730  minor patch: US/Eastern -> America/New_York
5731
5732  snapshot of the USNO's latest data ("usno1995")
5733
5734  some other minor cleanups
5735
5736
5737Release code95f-data95j - 1995-10-28 21:01:34 -0000
5738  [tzcode95f.tar.gz + tzdata95j.tar.gz are both missing!]
5739
5740  European cleanups
5741
5742  support for 64-bit time_t's
5743
5744  optimization in localtime.c
5745
5746
5747Release code95e - 1995-10-13 13:23:57 -0400
5748
5749  the mktime change to scan from future to past when trying to find time zone
5750  offsets
5751
5752
5753Release data95i - 1995-09-26 10:43:26 -0400
5754
5755  For Canada/Central, guess that the Sun customer's "one week too
5756  early" was just a approximation, and the true error is one month
5757  too early.  This is consistent with the rest of Canada.
5758
5759
5760Release data95h - 1995-09-21 11:26:48 -0400
5761
5762  latest changes from Paul Eggert
5763
5764
5765Release code95d - 1995-09-14 11:14:45 -0400
5766
5767  the addition of a "Music" file, which documents four recorded
5768  versions of the tune "Save That Time".
5769
5770
5771Release data95g - 1995-09-01 17:21:36 -0400
5772
5773  "yearistype" correction
5774
5775
5776Release data95f - 1995-08-28 20:46:56 -0400
5777
5778  Paul Eggert's change to the australasia file
5779
5780
5781Release data95e - 1995-07-08 18:02:34 -0400
5782
5783  The only change is a leap second at the end of this year.
5784  Thanks to Bradley White for forwarding news on the leap second.
5785
5786
5787Release data95d - 1995-07-03 13:26:22 -0400
5788
5789  Paul Eggert's changes
5790
5791
5792Release data95c - 1995-07-02 19:19:28 -0400
5793
5794  changes to "asia", "backward", "europe", and "southamerica"
5795  (read: northamericacentrics need not apply)
5796
5797
5798Release code95c - 1995-03-13 14:00:46 -0500
5799
5800  one-line fix for sign extension problems in detzcode
5801
5802
5803Release 95b - 1995-03-04 11:22:38 -0500
5804
5805  Minor changes in both:
5806
5807  The "code" file contains a workaround for the lack of "unistd.h" in
5808  Microsoft C++ version 7.
5809
5810  The "data" file contains a fixed "Link" for America/Shiprock.
5811
5812
5813Release 94h - 1994-12-10 12:51:14 -0500
5814
5815  The files:
5816
5817  *	incorporate the changes to "zdump" and "date" to make changes to
5818	the "TZ" environment variable permanent;
5819
5820  *	incorporate the table changes by Paul Eggert;
5821
5822  *	include (and document) support for universal time specifications in
5823	data files - but do not (yet) include use of this feature in the
5824	data files.
5825
5826  Think of this as "TZ Classic" - the software has been set up not to break if
5827  universal time shows up in its input, and data entries have been
5828  left as is so as not to break existing implementations.
5829
5830
5831Release data94f - 1994-08-20 12:56:09 -0400
5832
5833  (with thanks!) the latest data updates from Paul Eggert
5834
5835
5836Release data94e - 1994-06-04 13:13:53 -0400
5837
5838  [not summarized]
5839
5840
5841Release code94g - 1994-05-05 12:14:07 -0400
5842
5843  fix missing "optind.c" and a reference to it in the Makefile
5844
5845
5846Release code94f - 1994-05-05 13:00:33 -0000
5847  [tzcode94f.tar.gz is missing!]
5848
5849  changes to avoid overflow in difftime, as well as changes to cope
5850  with the 52/53 challenge in strftime
5851
5852
5853Release code94e - 1994-03-30 23:32:59 -0500
5854
5855  change for the benefit of PCTS
5856
5857
5858Release 94d - 1994-02-24 15:42:25 -0500
5859
5860  Avoid clashes with POSIX semantics for zones such as GMT+4.
5861
5862  Some other very minor housekeeping is also present.
5863
5864
5865Release code94c - 1994-02-10 08:52:40 -0500
5866
5867  Fix bug where mkdirs was broken unless you compile with
5868  -fwritable-strings (which is generally losing to do).
5869
5870
5871Release 94b - 1994-02-07 10:04:33 -0500
5872
5873  work by Paul Eggert who notes:
5874
5875  I found another book of time zone histories by E W Whitman; it's not
5876  as extensive as Shanks but has a few goodies of its own.  I used it
5877  to update the tables.  I also fixed some more as a result of
5878  correspondence with Adam David and Peter Ilieve, and move some stray
5879  links from 'europe' to 'backward'.  I corrected some scanning errors
5880  in usno1989.
5881
5882  As far as the code goes, I fixed zic to allow years in the range
5883  INT_MIN to INT_MAX; this fixed a few boundary conditions around 1900.
5884  And I cleaned up the zic documentation a little bit.
5885
5886
5887Release data94a - 1994-02-03 08:58:54 -0500
5888
5889  It simply incorporates the recently announced leap second into the
5890  "leapseconds" file.
5891
5892
5893Release 93g - 1993-11-22 17:28:27 -0500
5894
5895  Paul Eggert has provided a good deal of historic information (based
5896  on Shanks), and there are some code changes to deal with the buglets
5897  that crawled out in dealing with the new information.
5898
5899
5900Release 93f - 1993-10-15 12:27:46 -0400
5901
5902  Paul Eggert's changes
5903
5904
5905Release 93e - 1993-09-05 21:21:44 -0400
5906
5907  This has updated data for Israel, England, and Kwajalein.  There's
5908  also an update to "zdump" to cope with Kwajalein's 24-hour jump.
5909  Thanks to Paul Eggert and Peter Ilieve for the changes.
5910
5911
5912Release 93d - 1993-06-17 23:34:17 -0400
5913
5914  new fix and new data on Israel
5915
5916
5917Release 93c - 1993-06-06 19:31:55 -0400
5918
5919  [not summarized]
5920
5921
5922Release 93b - 1993-02-02 14:53:58 -0500
5923
5924  updated "leapseconds" file
5925
5926
5927Release 93 - 1993-01-08 07:01:06 -0500
5928
5929  At kre's suggestion, the package has been split in two - a code piece
5930  (which also includes documentation) that's only of use to folks who
5931  want to recompile things and a data piece useful to anyone who can
5932  run "zic".
5933
5934  The new version has a few changes to the data files, a few
5935  portability changes, and an off-by-one fix (with thanks to
5936  Tom Karzes at deshaw.com for providing a description and a
5937  solution).
5938
5939
5940Release 92c - 1992-11-21 17:35:36 -0000
5941  [tz92c.tar.Z is missing!]
5942
5943  The fallout from the latest round of DST transitions.
5944
5945  There are changes for Portugal, Saskatchewan, and "Pacific-New";
5946  there's also a change to "zic.c" that makes it portable to more systems.
5947
5948
5949Release 92 - 1992-04-25 18:17:03 -0000
5950  [tz92.tar.Z is missing!]
5951
5952  By popular demand (well, at any rate, following a request by kre at munnari)
5953
5954
5955The 1989 update of the time zone package featured:
5956
5957  *	POSIXization (including interpretation of POSIX-style TZ environment
5958	variables, provided by Guy Harris),
5959  *	ANSIfication (including versions of "mktime" and "difftime"),
5960  *	SVIDulation (an "altzone" variable)
5961  *	MACHination (the "gtime" function)
5962  *	corrections to some time zone data (including corrections to the rules
5963	for Great Britain and New Zealand)
5964  *	reference data from the United States Naval Observatory for folks who
5965	want to do additional time zones
5966  *	and the 1989 data for Saudi Arabia.
5967
5968  (Since this code will be treated as "part of the implementation" in some
5969  places and as "part of the application" in others, there's no good way to
5970  name functions, such as timegm, that are not part of the proposed ANSI C
5971  standard; such functions have kept their old, underscore-free names in this
5972  update.)
5973
5974  And the "dysize" function has disappeared; it was present to allow
5975  compilation of the "date" command on old BSD systems, and a version of "date"
5976  is now provided in the package.  The "date" command is not created when you
5977  "make all" since it may lack options provided by the version distributed with
5978  your operating system, or may not interact with the system in the same way
5979  the native version does.
5980
5981  Since POSIX frowns on correct leap second handling, the default behavior of
5982  the "zic" command (in the absence of a "-L" option) has been changed to omit
5983  leap second information from its output files.
5984
5985
5986-----
5987Notes
5988
5989This file contains copies of the part of each release announcement
5990that talks about the changes in that release.  The text has been
5991adapted and reformatted for the purposes of this file.
5992
5993Traditionally a release R consists of a pair of tarball files,
5994tzcodeR.tar.gz and tzdataR.tar.gz.  However, some releases (e.g.,
5995code2010a, data2012c) consist of just one or the other tarball, and a
5996few (e.g., code2012c-data2012d) have tarballs with mixed version
5997numbers.  Recent releases also come in an experimental format
5998consisting of a single tarball tzdb-R.tar.lz with extra data.
5999
6000Release timestamps are taken from the release's commit (for newer,
6001Git-based releases), from the newest file in the tarball (for older
6002releases, where this info is available) or from the email announcing
6003the release (if all else fails; these are marked with a time zone
6004abbreviation of -0000 and an "is missing!" comment).
6005
6006Earlier versions of the code and data were not announced on the tz
6007list and are not summarized here.
6008
6009This file is in the public domain.
6010
6011Local Variables:
6012coding: utf-8
6013End:
6014