xref: /freebsd/contrib/tcpdump/print-resp.c (revision 4543ef516683042d46f3bd3bb8a4f3f746e00499)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2015 The TCPDUMP project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
15  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
16  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
17  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
18  * COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
20  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
21  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
22  * CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
24  * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
25  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * Initial contribution by Andrew Darqui (andrew.darqui@gmail.com).
28  */
29 
30 /* \summary: REdis Serialization Protocol (RESP) printer */
31 
32 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
33 #include <config.h>
34 #endif
35 
36 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
37 #include "netdissect.h"
38 #include <limits.h>
39 
40 #include "extract.h"
41 
42 
43 /*
44  * For information regarding RESP, see: https://redis.io/topics/protocol
45  */
46 
47 #define RESP_SIMPLE_STRING    '+'
48 #define RESP_ERROR            '-'
49 #define RESP_INTEGER          ':'
50 #define RESP_BULK_STRING      '$'
51 #define RESP_ARRAY            '*'
52 
53 #define resp_print_empty(ndo)            ND_PRINT(" empty")
54 #define resp_print_null(ndo)             ND_PRINT(" null")
55 #define resp_print_length_too_large(ndo) ND_PRINT(" length too large")
56 #define resp_print_length_negative(ndo)  ND_PRINT(" length negative and not -1")
57 #define resp_print_invalid(ndo)          ND_PRINT(" invalid")
58 
59 static int resp_parse(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
60 static int resp_print_string_error_integer(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
61 static int resp_print_simple_string(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
62 static int resp_print_integer(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
63 static int resp_print_error(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
64 static int resp_print_bulk_string(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
65 static int resp_print_bulk_array(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
66 static int resp_print_inline(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int);
67 static int resp_get_length(netdissect_options *, const u_char *, int, const u_char **);
68 
69 #define LCHECK2(_tot_len, _len) \
70     {                           \
71         if (_tot_len < _len)    \
72             goto trunc;         \
73     }
74 
75 #define LCHECK(_tot_len) LCHECK2(_tot_len, 1)
76 
77 /*
78  * FIND_CRLF:
79  * Attempts to move our 'ptr' forward until a \r\n is found,
80  * while also making sure we don't exceed the buffer '_len'
81  * or go past the end of the captured data.
82  * If we exceed or go past the end of the captured data,
83  * jump to trunc.
84  */
85 #define FIND_CRLF(_ptr, _len)                   \
86     for (;;) {                                  \
87         LCHECK2(_len, 2);                       \
88         ND_TCHECK_2(_ptr);                      \
89         if (GET_U_1(_ptr) == '\r' &&            \
90             GET_U_1(_ptr+1) == '\n')            \
91             break;                              \
92         _ptr++;                                 \
93         _len--;                                 \
94     }
95 
96 /*
97  * CONSUME_CRLF
98  * Consume a CRLF that we've just found.
99  */
100 #define CONSUME_CRLF(_ptr, _len) \
101     _ptr += 2;                   \
102     _len -= 2;
103 
104 /*
105  * FIND_CR_OR_LF
106  * Attempts to move our '_ptr' forward until a \r or \n is found,
107  * while also making sure we don't exceed the buffer '_len'
108  * or go past the end of the captured data.
109  * If we exceed or go past the end of the captured data,
110  * jump to trunc.
111  */
112 #define FIND_CR_OR_LF(_ptr, _len)           \
113     for (;;) {                              \
114         LCHECK(_len);                       \
115         if (GET_U_1(_ptr) == '\r' ||        \
116             GET_U_1(_ptr) == '\n')          \
117             break;                          \
118         _ptr++;                             \
119         _len--;                             \
120     }
121 
122 /*
123  * CONSUME_CR_OR_LF
124  * Consume all consecutive \r and \n bytes.
125  * If we exceed '_len' or go past the end of the captured data,
126  * jump to trunc.
127  */
128 #define CONSUME_CR_OR_LF(_ptr, _len)             \
129     {                                            \
130         int _found_cr_or_lf = 0;                 \
131         for (;;) {                               \
132             /*                                   \
133              * Have we hit the end of data?      \
134              */                                  \
135             if (_len == 0 || !ND_TTEST_1(_ptr)) {\
136                 /*                               \
137                  * Yes.  Have we seen a \r       \
138                  * or \n?                        \
139                  */                              \
140                 if (_found_cr_or_lf) {           \
141                     /*                           \
142                      * Yes.  Just stop.          \
143                      */                          \
144                     break;                       \
145                 }                                \
146                 /*                               \
147                  * No.  We ran out of packet.    \
148                  */                              \
149                 goto trunc;                      \
150             }                                    \
151             if (GET_U_1(_ptr) != '\r' &&         \
152                 GET_U_1(_ptr) != '\n')           \
153                 break;                           \
154             _found_cr_or_lf = 1;                 \
155             _ptr++;                              \
156             _len--;                              \
157         }                                        \
158     }
159 
160 /*
161  * SKIP_OPCODE
162  * Skip over the opcode character.
163  * The opcode has already been fetched, so we know it's there, and don't
164  * need to do any checks.
165  */
166 #define SKIP_OPCODE(_ptr, _tot_len) \
167     _ptr++;                         \
168     _tot_len--;
169 
170 /*
171  * GET_LENGTH
172  * Get a bulk string or array length.
173  */
174 #define GET_LENGTH(_ndo, _tot_len, _ptr, _len)                \
175     {                                                         \
176         const u_char *_endp;                                  \
177         _len = resp_get_length(_ndo, _ptr, _tot_len, &_endp); \
178         _tot_len -= (_endp - _ptr);                           \
179         _ptr = _endp;                                         \
180     }
181 
182 /*
183  * TEST_RET_LEN
184  * If ret_len is < 0, jump to the trunc tag which returns (-1)
185  * and 'bubbles up' to printing tstr. Otherwise, return ret_len.
186  */
187 #define TEST_RET_LEN(rl) \
188     if (rl < 0) { goto trunc; } else { return rl; }
189 
190 /*
191  * TEST_RET_LEN_NORETURN
192  * If ret_len is < 0, jump to the trunc tag which returns (-1)
193  * and 'bubbles up' to printing tstr. Otherwise, continue onward.
194  */
195 #define TEST_RET_LEN_NORETURN(rl) \
196     if (rl < 0) { goto trunc; }
197 
198 /*
199  * RESP_PRINT_SEGMENT
200  * Prints a segment in the form of: ' "<stuff>"\n"
201  * Assumes the data has already been verified as present.
202  */
203 #define RESP_PRINT_SEGMENT(_ndo, _bp, _len)            \
204     ND_PRINT(" \"");                                   \
205     if (nd_printn(_ndo, _bp, _len, _ndo->ndo_snapend)) \
206         goto trunc;                                    \
207     fn_print_char(_ndo, '"');
208 
209 void
210 resp_print(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, u_int length)
211 {
212     int ret_len = 0;
213 
214     ndo->ndo_protocol = "resp";
215 
216     ND_PRINT(": RESP");
217     while (length > 0) {
218         /*
219          * This block supports redis pipelining.
220          * For example, multiple operations can be pipelined within the same string:
221          * "*2\r\n\$4\r\nINCR\r\n\$1\r\nz\r\n*2\r\n\$4\r\nINCR\r\n\$1\r\nz\r\n*2\r\n\$4\r\nINCR\r\n\$1\r\nz\r\n"
222          * or
223          * "PING\r\nPING\r\nPING\r\n"
224          * In order to handle this case, we must try and parse 'bp' until
225          * 'length' bytes have been processed or we reach a trunc condition.
226          */
227         ret_len = resp_parse(ndo, bp, length);
228         TEST_RET_LEN_NORETURN(ret_len);
229         bp += ret_len;
230         length -= ret_len;
231     }
232 
233     return;
234 
235 trunc:
236     nd_print_trunc(ndo);
237 }
238 
239 static int
240 resp_parse(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length)
241 {
242     u_char op;
243     int ret_len;
244 
245     LCHECK2(length, 1);
246     op = GET_U_1(bp);
247 
248     /* bp now points to the op, so these routines must skip it */
249     switch(op) {
250         case RESP_SIMPLE_STRING:  ret_len = resp_print_simple_string(ndo, bp, length);   break;
251         case RESP_INTEGER:        ret_len = resp_print_integer(ndo, bp, length);         break;
252         case RESP_ERROR:          ret_len = resp_print_error(ndo, bp, length);           break;
253         case RESP_BULK_STRING:    ret_len = resp_print_bulk_string(ndo, bp, length);     break;
254         case RESP_ARRAY:          ret_len = resp_print_bulk_array(ndo, bp, length);      break;
255         default:                  ret_len = resp_print_inline(ndo, bp, length);          break;
256     }
257 
258     /*
259      * This gives up with a "truncated" indicator for all errors,
260      * including invalid packet errors; that's what we want, as
261      * we have to give up on further parsing in that case.
262      */
263     TEST_RET_LEN(ret_len);
264 
265 trunc:
266     return (-1);
267 }
268 
269 static int
270 resp_print_simple_string(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
271     return resp_print_string_error_integer(ndo, bp, length);
272 }
273 
274 static int
275 resp_print_integer(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
276     return resp_print_string_error_integer(ndo, bp, length);
277 }
278 
279 static int
280 resp_print_error(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
281     return resp_print_string_error_integer(ndo, bp, length);
282 }
283 
284 static int
285 resp_print_string_error_integer(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
286     int length_cur = length, len, ret_len;
287     const u_char *bp_ptr;
288 
289     /* bp points to the op; skip it */
290     SKIP_OPCODE(bp, length_cur);
291     bp_ptr = bp;
292 
293     /*
294      * bp now prints past the (+-;) opcode, so it's pointing to the first
295      * character of the string (which could be numeric).
296      * +OK\r\n
297      * -ERR ...\r\n
298      * :02912309\r\n
299      *
300      * Find the \r\n with FIND_CRLF().
301      */
302     FIND_CRLF(bp_ptr, length_cur);
303 
304     /*
305      * bp_ptr points to the \r\n, so bp_ptr - bp is the length of text
306      * preceding the \r\n.  That includes the opcode, so don't print
307      * that.
308      */
309     len = ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(bp_ptr, bp);
310     RESP_PRINT_SEGMENT(ndo, bp, len);
311     ret_len = 1 /*<opcode>*/ + len /*<string>*/ + 2 /*<CRLF>*/;
312 
313     TEST_RET_LEN(ret_len);
314 
315 trunc:
316     return (-1);
317 }
318 
319 static int
320 resp_print_bulk_string(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
321     int length_cur = length, string_len;
322 
323     /* bp points to the op; skip it */
324     SKIP_OPCODE(bp, length_cur);
325 
326     /* <length>\r\n */
327     GET_LENGTH(ndo, length_cur, bp, string_len);
328 
329     if (string_len >= 0) {
330         /* Byte string of length string_len, starting at bp */
331         if (string_len == 0)
332             resp_print_empty(ndo);
333         else {
334             LCHECK2(length_cur, string_len);
335             ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp, string_len);
336             RESP_PRINT_SEGMENT(ndo, bp, string_len);
337             bp += string_len;
338             length_cur -= string_len;
339         }
340 
341         /*
342          * Find the \r\n at the end of the string and skip past it.
343          * XXX - report an error if the \r\n isn't immediately after
344          * the item?
345          */
346         FIND_CRLF(bp, length_cur);
347         CONSUME_CRLF(bp, length_cur);
348     } else {
349         /* null, truncated, or invalid for some reason */
350         switch(string_len) {
351             case (-1):  resp_print_null(ndo);             break;
352             case (-2):  goto trunc;
353             case (-3):  resp_print_length_too_large(ndo); break;
354             case (-4):  resp_print_length_negative(ndo);  break;
355             default:    resp_print_invalid(ndo);          break;
356         }
357     }
358 
359     return (length - length_cur);
360 
361 trunc:
362     return (-1);
363 }
364 
365 static int
366 resp_print_bulk_array(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
367     u_int length_cur = length;
368     int array_len, i, ret_len;
369 
370     /* bp points to the op; skip it */
371     SKIP_OPCODE(bp, length_cur);
372 
373     /* <array_length>\r\n */
374     GET_LENGTH(ndo, length_cur, bp, array_len);
375 
376     if (array_len > 0) {
377         /* non empty array */
378         for (i = 0; i < array_len; i++) {
379             ret_len = resp_parse(ndo, bp, length_cur);
380 
381             TEST_RET_LEN_NORETURN(ret_len);
382 
383             bp += ret_len;
384             length_cur -= ret_len;
385         }
386     } else {
387         /* empty, null, truncated, or invalid */
388         switch(array_len) {
389             case 0:     resp_print_empty(ndo);            break;
390             case (-1):  resp_print_null(ndo);             break;
391             case (-2):  goto trunc;
392             case (-3):  resp_print_length_too_large(ndo); break;
393             case (-4):  resp_print_length_negative(ndo);  break;
394             default:    resp_print_invalid(ndo);          break;
395         }
396     }
397 
398     return (length - length_cur);
399 
400 trunc:
401     return (-1);
402 }
403 
404 static int
405 resp_print_inline(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int length) {
406     int length_cur = length;
407     int len;
408     const u_char *bp_ptr;
409 
410     /*
411      * Inline commands are simply 'strings' followed by \r or \n or both.
412      * Redis will do its best to split/parse these strings.
413      * This feature of redis is implemented to support the ability of
414      * command parsing from telnet/nc sessions etc.
415      *
416      * <string><\r||\n||\r\n...>
417      */
418 
419     /*
420      * Skip forward past any leading \r, \n, or \r\n.
421      */
422     CONSUME_CR_OR_LF(bp, length_cur);
423     bp_ptr = bp;
424 
425     /*
426      * Scan forward looking for \r or \n.
427      */
428     FIND_CR_OR_LF(bp_ptr, length_cur);
429 
430     /*
431      * Found it; bp_ptr points to the \r or \n, so bp_ptr - bp is the
432      * Length of the line text that precedes it.  Print it.
433      */
434     len = ND_BYTES_BETWEEN(bp_ptr, bp);
435     RESP_PRINT_SEGMENT(ndo, bp, len);
436 
437     /*
438      * Skip forward past the \r, \n, or \r\n.
439      */
440     CONSUME_CR_OR_LF(bp_ptr, length_cur);
441 
442     /*
443      * Return the number of bytes we processed.
444      */
445     return (length - length_cur);
446 
447 trunc:
448     return (-1);
449 }
450 
451 static int
452 resp_get_length(netdissect_options *ndo, const u_char *bp, int len, const u_char **endp)
453 {
454     int result;
455     u_char c;
456     int saw_digit;
457     int neg;
458     int too_large;
459 
460     if (len == 0)
461         goto trunc;
462     too_large = 0;
463     neg = 0;
464     if (GET_U_1(bp) == '-') {
465         neg = 1;
466         bp++;
467         len--;
468     }
469     result = 0;
470     saw_digit = 0;
471 
472     for (;;) {
473         if (len == 0)
474             goto trunc;
475         c = GET_U_1(bp);
476         if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9')) {
477             if (!saw_digit) {
478                 bp++;
479                 goto invalid;
480             }
481             break;
482         }
483         c -= '0';
484         if (result > (INT_MAX / 10)) {
485             /* This will overflow an int when we multiply it by 10. */
486             too_large = 1;
487         } else {
488             result *= 10;
489             if (result == ((INT_MAX / 10) * 10) && c > (INT_MAX % 10)) {
490                 /* This will overflow an int when we add c */
491                 too_large = 1;
492             } else
493                 result += c;
494         }
495         bp++;
496         len--;
497         saw_digit = 1;
498     }
499 
500     /*
501      * OK, we found a non-digit character.  It should be a \r, followed
502      * by a \n.
503      */
504     if (GET_U_1(bp) != '\r') {
505         bp++;
506         goto invalid;
507     }
508     bp++;
509     len--;
510     if (len == 0)
511         goto trunc;
512     if (GET_U_1(bp) != '\n') {
513         bp++;
514         goto invalid;
515     }
516     bp++;
517     len--;
518     *endp = bp;
519     if (neg) {
520         /* -1 means "null", anything else is invalid */
521         if (too_large || result != 1)
522             return (-4);
523         result = -1;
524     }
525     return (too_large ? -3 : result);
526 
527 trunc:
528     *endp = bp;
529     return (-2);
530 
531 invalid:
532     *endp = bp;
533     return (-5);
534 }
535