xref: /freebsd/contrib/tcpdump/print-ntp.c (revision 2008043f386721d58158e37e0d7e50df8095942d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  *
21  *	By Jeffrey Mogul/DECWRL
22  *	loosely based on print-bootp.c
23  */
24 
25 /* \summary: Network Time Protocol (NTP) printer */
26 
27 /*
28  * specification:
29  *
30  * RFC 1119 - NTPv2
31  * RFC 1305 - NTPv3
32  * RFC 5905 - NTPv4
33  */
34 
35 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
36 #include <config.h>
37 #endif
38 
39 #include "netdissect-stdinc.h"
40 
41 #include <time.h>
42 
43 #include "netdissect.h"
44 #include "addrtoname.h"
45 #include "extract.h"
46 
47 #include "ntp.h"
48 
49 /*
50  * Based on ntp.h from the U of MD implementation
51  *	This file is based on Version 2 of the NTP spec (RFC1119).
52  */
53 
54 /* rfc2030
55  *                      1                   2                   3
56  *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
57  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
58  * |LI | VN  |Mode |    Stratum    |     Poll      |   Precision   |
59  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
60  * |                          Root Delay                           |
61  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
62  * |                       Root Dispersion                         |
63  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
64  * |                     Reference Identifier                      |
65  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
66  * |                                                               |
67  * |                   Reference Timestamp (64)                    |
68  * |                                                               |
69  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
70  * |                                                               |
71  * |                   Originate Timestamp (64)                    |
72  * |                                                               |
73  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
74  * |                                                               |
75  * |                    Receive Timestamp (64)                     |
76  * |                                                               |
77  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
78  * |                                                               |
79  * |                    Transmit Timestamp (64)                    |
80  * |                                                               |
81  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
82  * |                 Key Identifier (optional) (32)                |
83  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
84  * |                                                               |
85  * |                                                               |
86  * |                 Message Digest (optional) (128)               |
87  * |                                                               |
88  * |                                                               |
89  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
90  */
91 
92 /* Length of the NTP data message with the mandatory fields ("the header")
93  * and without any optional fields (extension, Key Identifier,
94  * Message Digest).
95  */
96 #define NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN 48U
97 
98 struct ntp_time_data {
99 	nd_uint8_t status;		/* status of local clock and leap info */
100 	nd_uint8_t stratum;		/* Stratum level */
101 	nd_int8_t ppoll;		/* poll value */
102 	nd_int8_t precision;
103 	struct s_fixedpt root_delay;
104 	struct s_fixedpt root_dispersion;
105 	nd_uint32_t refid;
106 	struct l_fixedpt ref_timestamp;
107 	struct l_fixedpt org_timestamp;
108 	struct l_fixedpt rec_timestamp;
109 	struct l_fixedpt xmt_timestamp;
110 	nd_uint32_t key_id;
111 	nd_uint8_t  message_digest[20];
112 };
113 /*
114  *	Leap Second Codes (high order two bits)
115  */
116 #define	NO_WARNING	0x00	/* no warning */
117 #define	PLUS_SEC	0x40	/* add a second (61 seconds) */
118 #define	MINUS_SEC	0x80	/* minus a second (59 seconds) */
119 #define	ALARM		0xc0	/* alarm condition (clock unsynchronized) */
120 
121 /*
122  *	Clock Status Bits that Encode Version
123  */
124 #define	NTPVERSION_1	0x08
125 #define	VERSIONMASK	0x38
126 #define	VERSIONSHIFT	3
127 #define LEAPMASK	0xc0
128 #define LEAPSHIFT	6
129 #ifdef MODEMASK
130 #undef MODEMASK					/* Solaris sucks */
131 #endif
132 #define	MODEMASK	0x07
133 #define	MODESHIFT	0
134 
135 /*
136  *	Code values
137  */
138 #define	MODE_UNSPEC	0	/* unspecified */
139 #define	MODE_SYM_ACT	1	/* symmetric active */
140 #define	MODE_SYM_PAS	2	/* symmetric passive */
141 #define	MODE_CLIENT	3	/* client */
142 #define	MODE_SERVER	4	/* server */
143 #define	MODE_BROADCAST	5	/* broadcast */
144 #define	MODE_CONTROL	6	/* control message */
145 #define	MODE_RES2	7	/* reserved */
146 
147 /*
148  *	Stratum Definitions
149  */
150 #define	UNSPECIFIED	0
151 #define	PRIM_REF	1	/* radio clock */
152 #define	INFO_QUERY	62	/* **** THIS implementation dependent **** */
153 #define	INFO_REPLY	63	/* **** THIS implementation dependent **** */
154 
155 static void p_sfix(netdissect_options *ndo, const struct s_fixedpt *);
156 static void p_ntp_delta(netdissect_options *, const struct l_fixedpt *, const struct l_fixedpt *);
157 static void p_poll(netdissect_options *, const int);
158 
159 static const struct tok ntp_mode_values[] = {
160     { MODE_UNSPEC,    "unspecified" },
161     { MODE_SYM_ACT,   "symmetric active" },
162     { MODE_SYM_PAS,   "symmetric passive" },
163     { MODE_CLIENT,    "Client" },
164     { MODE_SERVER,    "Server" },
165     { MODE_BROADCAST, "Broadcast" },
166     { MODE_CONTROL,   "Control Message" },
167     { MODE_RES2,      "Reserved" },
168     { 0, NULL }
169 };
170 
171 static const struct tok ntp_leapind_values[] = {
172     { NO_WARNING,     "" },
173     { PLUS_SEC,       "+1s" },
174     { MINUS_SEC,      "-1s" },
175     { ALARM,          "clock unsynchronized" },
176     { 0, NULL }
177 };
178 
179 static const struct tok ntp_stratum_values[] = {
180 	{ UNSPECIFIED,	"unspecified" },
181 	{ PRIM_REF,	"primary reference" },
182 	{ 0, NULL }
183 };
184 
185 /* draft-ietf-ntp-mode-6-cmds-02
186  *  0                   1                   2                   3
187  *  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
188  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
189  * |LI |  VN |Mode |R|E|M| OpCode  |       Sequence Number         |
190  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
191  * |            Status             |       Association ID          |
192  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
193  * |            Offset             |            Count              |
194  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
195  * |                                                               |
196  * /                    Data (up to 468 bytes)                     /
197  * |                                                               |
198  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
199  * |                    Padding (optional)                         |
200  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
201  * |                                                               |
202  * /              Authenticator (optional, 96 bytes)               /
203  * |                                                               |
204  * +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
205  *
206  *               Figure 1: NTP Control Message Header
207  */
208 
209 /* Length of the NTP control message with the mandatory fields ("the header")
210  * and without any optional fields (Data, Padding, Authenticator).
211  */
212 #define NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN 12U
213 
214 struct ntp_control_data {
215 	nd_uint8_t	magic;		/* LI, VN, Mode */
216 	nd_uint8_t	control;	/* R, E, M, OpCode */
217 	nd_uint16_t	sequence;	/* Sequence Number */
218 	nd_uint16_t	status;		/* Status */
219 	nd_uint16_t	assoc;		/* Association ID */
220 	nd_uint16_t	offset;		/* Offset */
221 	nd_uint16_t	count;		/* Count */
222 	nd_uint8_t	data[564];	/* Data, [Padding, [Authenticator]] */
223 };
224 
225 /*
226  * Print NTP time requests and responses
227  */
228 static void
229 ntp_time_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
230 	       const struct ntp_time_data *bp, u_int length)
231 {
232 	uint8_t stratum;
233 
234 	if (length < NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN)
235 		goto invalid;
236 
237 	stratum = GET_U_1(bp->stratum);
238 	ND_PRINT(", Stratum %u (%s)",
239 		stratum,
240 		tok2str(ntp_stratum_values, (stratum >=2 && stratum<=15) ? "secondary reference" : "reserved", stratum));
241 
242 	ND_PRINT(", poll %d", GET_S_1(bp->ppoll));
243 	p_poll(ndo, GET_S_1(bp->ppoll));
244 
245 	ND_PRINT(", precision %d", GET_S_1(bp->precision));
246 
247 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->root_delay);
248 	ND_PRINT("\n\tRoot Delay: ");
249 	p_sfix(ndo, &bp->root_delay);
250 
251 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->root_dispersion);
252 	ND_PRINT(", Root dispersion: ");
253 	p_sfix(ndo, &bp->root_dispersion);
254 
255 	ND_TCHECK_4(bp->refid);
256 	ND_PRINT(", Reference-ID: ");
257 	/* Interpretation depends on stratum */
258 	switch (stratum) {
259 
260 	case UNSPECIFIED:
261 		ND_PRINT("(unspec)");
262 		break;
263 
264 	case PRIM_REF:
265 		if (nd_printn(ndo, (const u_char *)&(bp->refid), 4, ndo->ndo_snapend))
266 			goto trunc;
267 		break;
268 
269 	case INFO_QUERY:
270 		ND_PRINT("%s INFO_QUERY", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->refid));
271 		/* this doesn't have more content */
272 		return;
273 
274 	case INFO_REPLY:
275 		ND_PRINT("%s INFO_REPLY", GET_IPADDR_STRING(bp->refid));
276 		/* this is too complex to be worth printing */
277 		return;
278 
279 	default:
280 		/* In NTPv4 (RFC 5905) refid is an IPv4 address or first 32 bits of
281 		   MD5 sum of IPv6 address */
282 		ND_PRINT("0x%08x", GET_BE_U_4(bp->refid));
283 		break;
284 	}
285 
286 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->ref_timestamp);
287 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Reference Timestamp:  ");
288 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->ref_timestamp));
289 
290 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->org_timestamp);
291 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Originator Timestamp: ");
292 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp));
293 
294 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->rec_timestamp);
295 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Receive Timestamp:    ");
296 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->rec_timestamp));
297 
298 	ND_TCHECK_SIZE(&bp->xmt_timestamp);
299 	ND_PRINT("\n\t  Transmit Timestamp:   ");
300 	p_ntp_time(ndo, &(bp->xmt_timestamp));
301 
302 	ND_PRINT("\n\t    Originator - Receive Timestamp:  ");
303 	p_ntp_delta(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp), &(bp->rec_timestamp));
304 
305 	ND_PRINT("\n\t    Originator - Transmit Timestamp: ");
306 	p_ntp_delta(ndo, &(bp->org_timestamp), &(bp->xmt_timestamp));
307 
308 	/* FIXME: this code is not aware of any extension fields */
309 	if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4) {	/* Optional: key-id (crypto-NAK) */
310 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
311 	} else if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4 + 16) {	/* Optional: key-id + 128-bit digest */
312 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
313 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp->message_digest, 16);
314 		ND_PRINT("\n\tAuthentication: %08x%08x%08x%08x",
315 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest),
316 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 4),
317 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 8),
318 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 12));
319 	} else if (length == NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN + 4 + 20) {	/* Optional: key-id + 160-bit digest */
320 		ND_PRINT("\n\tKey id: %u", GET_BE_U_4(bp->key_id));
321 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp->message_digest, 20);
322 		ND_PRINT("\n\tAuthentication: %08x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
323 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest),
324 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 4),
325 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 8),
326 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 12),
327 			 GET_BE_U_4(bp->message_digest + 16));
328 	} else if (length > NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN) {
329 		ND_PRINT("\n\t(%u more bytes after the header)", length - NTP_TIMEMSG_MINLEN);
330 	}
331 	return;
332 
333 invalid:
334 	nd_print_invalid(ndo);
335 	ND_TCHECK_LEN(bp, length);
336 	return;
337 
338 trunc:
339 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
340 }
341 
342 /*
343  * Print NTP control message requests and responses
344  */
345 static void
346 ntp_control_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
347 		  const struct ntp_control_data *cd, u_int length)
348 {
349 	uint8_t control, R, E, M, opcode;
350 	uint16_t sequence, status, assoc, offset, count;
351 
352 	if (length < NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN)
353 		goto invalid;
354 
355 	control = GET_U_1(cd->control);
356 	R = (control & 0x80) != 0;
357 	E = (control & 0x40) != 0;
358 	M = (control & 0x20) != 0;
359 	opcode = control & 0x1f;
360 	ND_PRINT(", %s, %s, %s, OpCode=%u\n",
361 		  R ? "Response" : "Request", E ? "Error" : "OK",
362 		  M ? "More" : "Last", opcode);
363 
364 	sequence = GET_BE_U_2(cd->sequence);
365 	ND_PRINT("\tSequence=%hu", sequence);
366 
367 	status = GET_BE_U_2(cd->status);
368 	ND_PRINT(", Status=%#hx", status);
369 
370 	assoc = GET_BE_U_2(cd->assoc);
371 	ND_PRINT(", Assoc.=%hu", assoc);
372 
373 	offset = GET_BE_U_2(cd->offset);
374 	ND_PRINT(", Offset=%hu", offset);
375 
376 	count = GET_BE_U_2(cd->count);
377 	ND_PRINT(", Count=%hu", count);
378 
379 	if (NTP_CTRLMSG_MINLEN + count > length)
380 		goto invalid;
381 	if (count != 0) {
382 		ND_TCHECK_LEN(cd->data, count);
383 		ND_PRINT("\n\tTO-BE-DONE: data not interpreted");
384 	}
385 	return;
386 
387 invalid:
388 	nd_print_invalid(ndo);
389 	ND_TCHECK_LEN(cd, length);
390 	return;
391 
392 trunc:
393 	nd_print_trunc(ndo);
394 }
395 
396 union ntpdata {
397 	struct ntp_time_data	td;
398 	struct ntp_control_data	cd;
399 };
400 
401 /*
402  * Print NTP requests, handling the common VN, LI, and Mode
403  */
404 void
405 ntp_print(netdissect_options *ndo,
406 	  const u_char *cp, u_int length)
407 {
408 	const union ntpdata *bp = (const union ntpdata *)cp;
409 	u_int mode, version, leapind;
410 	uint8_t status;
411 
412 	ndo->ndo_protocol = "ntp";
413 	status = GET_U_1(bp->td.status);
414 
415 	version = (status & VERSIONMASK) >> VERSIONSHIFT;
416 	ND_PRINT("NTPv%u", version);
417 
418 	mode = (status & MODEMASK) >> MODESHIFT;
419 	if (!ndo->ndo_vflag) {
420 		ND_PRINT(", %s, length %u",
421 			 tok2str(ntp_mode_values, "Unknown mode", mode),
422 			 length);
423 		return;
424 	}
425 
426 	ND_PRINT(", %s, length %u\n",
427 		  tok2str(ntp_mode_values, "Unknown mode", mode), length);
428 
429 	/* leapind = (status & LEAPMASK) >> LEAPSHIFT; */
430 	leapind = (status & LEAPMASK);
431 	ND_PRINT("\tLeap indicator: %s (%u)",
432 		 tok2str(ntp_leapind_values, "Unknown", leapind),
433 		 leapind);
434 
435 	switch (mode) {
436 
437 	case MODE_UNSPEC:
438 	case MODE_SYM_ACT:
439 	case MODE_SYM_PAS:
440 	case MODE_CLIENT:
441 	case MODE_SERVER:
442 	case MODE_BROADCAST:
443 		ntp_time_print(ndo, &bp->td, length);
444 		break;
445 
446 	case MODE_CONTROL:
447 		ntp_control_print(ndo, &bp->cd, length);
448 		break;
449 
450 	default:
451 		break;			/* XXX: not implemented! */
452 	}
453 }
454 
455 static void
456 p_sfix(netdissect_options *ndo,
457        const struct s_fixedpt *sfp)
458 {
459 	int i;
460 	int f;
461 	double ff;
462 
463 	i = GET_BE_U_2(sfp->int_part);
464 	f = GET_BE_U_2(sfp->fraction);
465 	ff = f / 65536.0;		/* shift radix point by 16 bits */
466 	f = (int)(ff * 1000000.0);	/* Treat fraction as parts per million */
467 	ND_PRINT("%d.%06d", i, f);
468 }
469 
470 /* Prints time difference between *lfp and *olfp */
471 static void
472 p_ntp_delta(netdissect_options *ndo,
473 	    const struct l_fixedpt *olfp,
474 	    const struct l_fixedpt *lfp)
475 {
476 	uint32_t u, uf;
477 	uint32_t ou, ouf;
478 	uint32_t i;
479 	uint32_t f;
480 	double ff;
481 	int signbit;
482 
483 	u = GET_BE_U_4(lfp->int_part);
484 	ou = GET_BE_U_4(olfp->int_part);
485 	uf = GET_BE_U_4(lfp->fraction);
486 	ouf = GET_BE_U_4(olfp->fraction);
487 	if (ou == 0 && ouf == 0) {
488 		p_ntp_time(ndo, lfp);
489 		return;
490 	}
491 
492 	if (u > ou) {		/* new is definitely greater than old */
493 		signbit = 0;
494 		i = u - ou;
495 		f = uf - ouf;
496 		if (ouf > uf)	/* must borrow from high-order bits */
497 			i -= 1;
498 	} else if (u < ou) {	/* new is definitely less than old */
499 		signbit = 1;
500 		i = ou - u;
501 		f = ouf - uf;
502 		if (uf > ouf)	/* must borrow from the high-order bits */
503 			i -= 1;
504 	} else {		/* int_part is zero */
505 		i = 0;
506 		if (uf > ouf) {
507 			signbit = 0;
508 			f = uf - ouf;
509 		} else {
510 			signbit = 1;
511 			f = ouf - uf;
512 		}
513 	}
514 
515 	ff = f;
516 	if (ff < 0.0)		/* some compilers are buggy */
517 		ff += FMAXINT;
518 	ff = ff / FMAXINT;			/* shift radix point by 32 bits */
519 	f = (uint32_t)(ff * 1000000000.0);	/* treat fraction as parts per billion */
520 	ND_PRINT("%s%u.%09u", signbit ? "-" : "+", i, f);
521 }
522 
523 /* Prints polling interval in log2 as seconds or fraction of second */
524 static void
525 p_poll(netdissect_options *ndo,
526        const int poll_interval)
527 {
528 	if (poll_interval <= -32 || poll_interval >= 32)
529 		return;
530 
531 	if (poll_interval >= 0)
532 		ND_PRINT(" (%us)", 1U << poll_interval);
533 	else
534 		ND_PRINT(" (1/%us)", 1U << -poll_interval);
535 }
536 
537