xref: /freebsd/contrib/sqlite3/sqlite3.h (revision a7623790fb345e6dc986dfd31df0ace115e6f2e4)
1 /*
2 ** 2001-09-15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13 ** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14 ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15 ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16 ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17 **
18 ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19 ** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20 ** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21 ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22 ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23 **
24 ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25 ** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26 ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27 **
28 ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29 ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30 ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31 ** part of the build process.
32 */
33 #ifndef SQLITE3_H
34 #define SQLITE3_H
35 #include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36 
37 /*
38 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39 */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 
45 /*
46 ** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47 */
48 #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49 # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50 #endif
51 #ifndef SQLITE_API
52 # define SQLITE_API
53 #endif
54 #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55 # define SQLITE_CDECL
56 #endif
57 #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58 # define SQLITE_APICALL
59 #endif
60 #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61 # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62 #endif
63 #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64 # define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65 #endif
66 #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67 # define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68 #endif
69 
70 /*
71 ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72 ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73 ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74 ** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75 ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76 **
77 ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78 ** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79 ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80 ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81 ** noop macros.
82 */
83 #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84 #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85 
86 /*
87 ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88 */
89 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90 # undef SQLITE_VERSION
91 #endif
92 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93 # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98 **
99 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100 ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101 ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102 ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104 ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105 ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106 ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107 ** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
110 **
111 ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113 ** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115 ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116 ** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117 ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119 ** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120 ** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121 **
122 ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123 ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124 ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125 */
126 #define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.33.0"
127 #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3033000
128 #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2020-08-14 13:23:32 fca8dc8b578f215a969cd899336378966156154710873e68b3d9ac5881b0ff3f"
129 
130 /*
131 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133 **
134 ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136 ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137 ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138 ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139 ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140 ** compiled with matching library and header files.
141 **
142 ** <blockquote><pre>
143 ** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144 ** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
147 **
148 ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149 ** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150 ** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151 ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152 ** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155 ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156 ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157 ** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158 ** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159 **
160 ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161 */
162 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166 
167 /*
168 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169 **
170 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172 ** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173 ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174 **
175 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176 ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177 ** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179 ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181 **
182 ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183 ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185 **
186 ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187 ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188 */
189 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192 #else
193 # define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194 # define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195 #endif
196 
197 /*
198 ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199 **
200 ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201 ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203 **
204 ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206 ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208 ** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209 ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210 **
211 ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212 ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213 ** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214 ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215 **
216 ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217 ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218 ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219 **
220 ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221 ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222 ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223 ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224 ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225 ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226 ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227 ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228 ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229 ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230 **
231 ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232 */
233 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234 
235 /*
236 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237 ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238 **
239 ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240 ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241 ** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243 ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244 ** interfaces (such as
245 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247 ** sqlite3 object.
248 */
249 typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250 
251 /*
252 ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254 **
255 ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256 ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257 **
258 ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259 ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260 ** compatibility only.
261 **
262 ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263 ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264 ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265 ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266 */
267 #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268   typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269 # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270     typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271 # else
272     typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273 # endif
274 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275   typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276   typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277 #else
278   typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279   typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280 #endif
281 typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282 typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283 
284 /*
285 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286 ** substitute integer for floating-point.
287 */
288 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289 # define double sqlite3_int64
290 #endif
291 
292 /*
293 ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295 **
296 ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297 ** for the [sqlite3] object.
298 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299 ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300 ** resources are deallocated.
301 **
302 ** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
303 ** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305 ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
306 ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
307 ** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
308 ** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
309 ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
310 ** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
311 ** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
312 ** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
313 ** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
314 ** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
315 ** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
316 ** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
317 ** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
318 **
319 ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
320 ** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
321 **
322 ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
323 ** must be either a NULL
324 ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
325 ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
326 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
327 ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
328 ** argument is a harmless no-op.
329 */
330 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
331 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
332 
333 /*
334 ** The type for a callback function.
335 ** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
336 ** compatibility and is not documented.
337 */
338 typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
339 
340 /*
341 ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
342 ** METHOD: sqlite3
343 **
344 ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
345 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
346 ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
347 ** without having to use a lot of C code.
348 **
349 ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
350 ** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
351 ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
352 ** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
353 ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
354 ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
355 ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
356 ** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
357 ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
358 ** ignored.
359 **
360 ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
361 ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
362 ** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
363 ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
364 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
365 ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
366 ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
367 ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
368 ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
369 ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
370 ** NULL before returning.
371 **
372 ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
373 ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
374 ** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
375 **
376 ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
377 ** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
378 ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
379 ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
380 ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
381 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
382 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
383 ** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
384 ** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
385 **
386 ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
387 ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
388 ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
389 ** is not changed.
390 **
391 ** Restrictions:
392 **
393 ** <ul>
394 ** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
395 **      is a valid and open [database connection].
396 ** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
397 **      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
398 ** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
399 **      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
400 ** </ul>
401 */
402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
403   sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
404   const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
405   int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
406   void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
407   char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
408 );
409 
410 /*
411 ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
412 ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
413 **
414 ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
415 ** here in order to indicate success or failure.
416 **
417 ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
418 **
419 ** See also: [extended result code definitions]
420 */
421 #define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
422 /* beginning-of-error-codes */
423 #define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
424 #define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
425 #define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
426 #define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
427 #define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
428 #define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
429 #define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
430 #define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
431 #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
432 #define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
433 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
434 #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
435 #define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
436 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
437 #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
438 #define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
439 #define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
440 #define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
441 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
442 #define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
443 #define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
444 #define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
445 #define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
446 #define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
447 #define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
448 #define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
449 #define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
450 #define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
451 #define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
452 #define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
453 /* end-of-error-codes */
454 
455 /*
456 ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
457 ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
458 **
459 ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
460 ** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
461 ** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
462 ** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
463 ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
464 ** and later) include
465 ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
466 ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
467 ** on a per database connection basis using the
468 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
469 ** the most recent error can be obtained using
470 ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
471 */
472 #define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
473 #define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
474 #define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
475 #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477 #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480 #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482 #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483 #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486 #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489 #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498 #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499 #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501 #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502 #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504 #define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
507 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
508 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
509 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
510 #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
511 #define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
512 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
513 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
514 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
515 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
516 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
517 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
518 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
519 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
520 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
521 #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
522 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
523 #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
524 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
525 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
526 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
527 #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
528 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
529 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
530 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
531 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
532 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
533 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
534 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
535 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
536 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
537 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
538 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
539 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
540 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
541 #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
542 #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
543 #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
544 #define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
545 
546 /*
547 ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
548 **
549 ** These bit values are intended for use in the
550 ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
551 ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
552 */
553 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
554 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555 #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
556 #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
557 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
558 #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
559 #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
560 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
561 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
562 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
563 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
564 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
565 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
566 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
567 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
568 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
569 #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
570 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
571 #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
572 #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
573 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
574 
575 /* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
576 /* Legacy compatibility: */
577 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
578 
579 
580 /*
581 ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
582 **
583 ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
584 ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
585 ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
586 ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
587 ** refers to.
588 **
589 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
590 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
591 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
592 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
593 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
594 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
595 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
596 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
597 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
598 ** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
599 ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
600 ** file that were written at the application level might have changed
601 ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
602 ** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
603 ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
604 ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
605 ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
606 ** elevated privileges.
607 **
608 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
609 ** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
610 ** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
611 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
612 */
613 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
614 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
615 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
616 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
617 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
618 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
619 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
620 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
621 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
622 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
623 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
624 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
625 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
626 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
627 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
628 
629 /*
630 ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
631 **
632 ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
633 ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
634 ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
635 */
636 #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
637 #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
638 #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
639 #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
640 #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
641 
642 /*
643 ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
644 **
645 ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
646 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
647 ** these integer values as the second argument.
648 **
649 ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
650 ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
651 ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
652 ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
653 ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
654 ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
655 **
656 ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
657 ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
658 ** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
659 ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
660 ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
661 ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
662 ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
663 ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
664 ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
665 ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
666 ** cares about the difference.)
667 */
668 #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
669 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
670 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
671 
672 /*
673 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
674 **
675 ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
676 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
677 ** implementations will
678 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
679 ** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
680 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
681 ** I/O operations on the open file.
682 */
683 typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
684 struct sqlite3_file {
685   const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
686 };
687 
688 /*
689 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
690 **
691 ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
692 ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
693 ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
694 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
695 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
696 **
697 ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
698 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
699 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
700 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
701 ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
702 ** to NULL.
703 **
704 ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
705 ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
706 ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
707 ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
708 ** and not its inode needs to be synced.
709 **
710 ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
711 ** <ul>
712 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
713 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
714 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
715 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
716 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
717 ** </ul>
718 ** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
719 ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
720 ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
721 ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
722 ** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
723 **
724 ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
725 ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
726 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
727 ** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
728 ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
729 ** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
730 ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
731 ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
732 ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
733 ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
734 ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
735 ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
736 ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
737 ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
738 ** recognize.
739 **
740 ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
741 ** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
742 ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
743 ** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
744 ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
745 ** underlying device:
746 **
747 ** <ul>
748 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
749 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
750 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
751 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
752 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
753 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
754 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
755 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
756 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
757 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
758 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
759 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
760 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
761 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
762 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
763 ** </ul>
764 **
765 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
766 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
767 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
768 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
769 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
770 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
771 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
772 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
773 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
774 ** to xWrite().
775 **
776 ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
777 ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
778 ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
779 ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
780 ** database corruption.
781 */
782 typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
783 struct sqlite3_io_methods {
784   int iVersion;
785   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
786   int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
787   int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
788   int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
789   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
790   int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
791   int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
792   int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
793   int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
794   int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
795   int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
796   int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
797   /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
798   int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
799   int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
800   void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
801   int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
802   /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
803   int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
804   int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
805   /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
806   /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
807 };
808 
809 /*
810 ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
811 ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
812 **
813 ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
814 ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
815 ** interface.
816 **
817 ** <ul>
818 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
819 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
820 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
821 ** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
822 ** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
823 ** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
824 ** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
825 ** compile-time option is used.
826 **
827 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
828 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
829 ** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
830 ** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
831 ** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
832 ** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
833 ** file run faster.
834 **
835 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
836 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
837 ** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
838 ** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
839 ** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
840 ** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
841 ** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
842 ** pointed to is set to the new limit.
843 **
844 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
845 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
846 ** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
847 ** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
848 ** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
849 ** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
850 ** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
851 ** improve performance on some systems.
852 **
853 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
854 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
855 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
856 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
857 **
858 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
859 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
860 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
861 ** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
862 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
863 **
864 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
865 ** No longer in use.
866 **
867 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
868 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
869 ** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
870 ** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
871 ** because the user has configured SQLite with
872 ** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
873 ** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
874 ** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
875 ** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
876 ** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
877 ** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
878 ** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
879 ** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
880 **
881 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
882 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
883 ** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
884 ** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
885 ** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
886 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
887 ** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
888 **
889 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
890 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
891 ** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
892 ** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
893 ** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
894 ** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
895 ** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
896 ** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
897 ** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
898 ** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
899 ** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
900 ** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
901 ** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
902 ** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
903 ** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
904 ** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
905 **
906 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
907 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
908 ** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
909 ** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
910 ** files used for transaction control
911 ** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
912 ** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
913 ** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
914 ** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
915 ** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
916 ** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
917 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
918 ** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
919 ** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
920 ** WAL persistence setting.
921 **
922 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
923 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
924 ** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
925 ** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
926 ** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
927 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
928 ** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
929 ** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
930 ** zero-damage mode setting.
931 **
932 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
933 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
934 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
935 ** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
936 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
937 **
938 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
939 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
940 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
941 ** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
942 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
943 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
944 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
945 ** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
946 ** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
947 ** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
948 ** is intended for diagnostic use only.
949 **
950 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
951 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
952 ** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
953 ** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
954 ** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
955 ** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
956 ** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
957 ** upper-most shim only.
958 **
959 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
960 ** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
961 ** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
962 ** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
963 ** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
964 ** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
965 ** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
966 ** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
967 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
968 ** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
969 ** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
970 ** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
971 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
972 ** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
973 ** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
974 ** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
975 ** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
976 ** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
977 ** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
978 ** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
979 ** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
980 ** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
981 ** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
982 ** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
983 **
984 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
985 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
986 ** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
987 ** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
988 ** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
989 ** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
990 ** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
991 ** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
992 ** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
993 ** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
994 ** current operation.
995 **
996 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
997 ** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
998 ** to have SQLite generate a
999 ** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1000 ** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1001 ** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1002 ** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1003 ** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1004 **
1005 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1006 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1007 ** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1008 ** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1009 ** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1010 ** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1011 ** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1012 ** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1013 ** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1014 **
1015 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1016 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1017 ** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1018 ** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1019 ** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1020 ** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1021 ** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1022 **
1023 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1024 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1025 ** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1026 ** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1027 ** was first opened.
1028 **
1029 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1030 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1031 ** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1032 ** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1033 ** writes the resulting value there.
1034 **
1035 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1036 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1037 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1038 ** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1039 ** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1040 **
1041 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1042 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1043 ** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1044 ** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1045 ** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1046 ** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1047 **
1048 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1049 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1050 ** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1051 **
1052 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1053 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1054 ** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1055 ** this opcode.
1056 **
1057 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1058 ** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1059 ** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1060 ** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1061 ** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1062 ** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1063 ** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1064 ** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1065 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1066 ** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1067 ** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1068 ** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1069 **
1070 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1071 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1072 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1073 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1074 ** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1075 ** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1076 ** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1077 ** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1078 ** write operations are independent.
1079 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1080 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1081 **
1082 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1083 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1084 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1085 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1086 ** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1087 ** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1088 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1089 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1090 **
1091 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1092 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1093 ** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1094 ** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1095 ** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1096 ** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1097 ** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1098 **
1099 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1100 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1101 ** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1102 ** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1103 ** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1104 ** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1105 ** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1106 ** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1107 ** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1108 ** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1109 ** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1110 ** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1111 ** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1112 ** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1113 ** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1114 ** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1115 ** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1116 ** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1117 ** a particular attached database.
1118 **
1119 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1120 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1121 ** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1122 ** file to the database file.
1123 **
1124 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1125 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1126 ** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1127 ** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1128 ** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1129 ** </ul>
1130 */
1131 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1132 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1133 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1134 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1135 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1136 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1137 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1138 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1139 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1140 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1141 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1142 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1143 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1144 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1145 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1146 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1147 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1148 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1149 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1150 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1151 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1152 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1153 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1154 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1155 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1156 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1157 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1158 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1159 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1160 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1161 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1162 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1163 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1164 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1165 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1166 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1167 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1168 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1169 
1170 /* deprecated names */
1171 #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1172 #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1173 #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1174 
1175 
1176 /*
1177 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1178 **
1179 ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1180 ** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1181 ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1182 ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1183 **
1184 ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1185 */
1186 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1187 
1188 /*
1189 ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1190 **
1191 ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1192 ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1193 ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1194 ** on some platforms.
1195 */
1196 typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1197 
1198 /*
1199 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1200 **
1201 ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1202 ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1203 ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1204 ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1205 **
1206 ** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1207 ** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1208 ** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1209 ** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1210 ** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1211 ** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1212 ** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1213 ** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1214 ** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1215 ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1216 ** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1217 ** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1218 **
1219 ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1220 ** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1221 ** a pathname in this VFS.
1222 **
1223 ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1224 ** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1225 ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1226 ** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1227 ** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1228 ** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1229 **
1230 ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1231 ** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1232 ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1233 ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1234 ** object once the object has been registered.
1235 **
1236 ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1237 ** be unique across all VFS modules.
1238 **
1239 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1240 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1241 ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1242 ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1243 ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1244 ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1245 ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1246 ** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1247 ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1248 ** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1249 ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1250 ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1251 ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1252 ** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1253 ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1254 ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1255 **
1256 ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1257 ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1258 ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1259 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1260 ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1261 ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1262 **
1263 ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1264 ** call, depending on the object being opened:
1265 **
1266 ** <ul>
1267 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1268 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1269 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1270 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1271 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1272 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1273 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1274 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1275 ** </ul>)^
1276 **
1277 ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1278 ** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1279 ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1280 ** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1281 ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1282 ** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1283 ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1284 ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1285 **
1286 ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1287 **
1288 ** <ul>
1289 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1290 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1291 ** </ul>
1292 **
1293 ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1294 ** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1295 ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1296 ** databases, and subjournals.
1297 **
1298 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1299 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1300 ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1301 ** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1302 ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1303 ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1304 ** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1305 ** for exclusive access.
1306 **
1307 ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1308 ** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1309 ** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1310 ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1311 ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1312 ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1313 ** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1314 ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1315 ** or failure of the xOpen call.
1316 **
1317 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1318 ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1319 ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1320 ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1321 ** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1322 ** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1323 ** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1324 ** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1325 ** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1326 ** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1327 ** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1328 ** whether or not the file is accessible.
1329 **
1330 ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1331 ** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1332 ** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1333 ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1334 ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1335 ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1336 **
1337 ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1338 ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1339 ** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1340 ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1341 ** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1342 ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1343 ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1344 ** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1345 ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1346 ** a floating point value.
1347 ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1348 ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1349 ** a 24-hour day).
1350 ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1351 ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1352 ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1353 ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1354 **
1355 ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1356 ** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1357 ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1358 ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1359 ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1360 ** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1361 ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1362 ** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1363 ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1364 ** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1365 ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1366 */
1367 typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1368 typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1369 struct sqlite3_vfs {
1370   int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1371   int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1372   int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1373   sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1374   const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1375   void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1376   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1377                int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1378   int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1379   int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1380   int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1381   void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1382   void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1383   void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1384   void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1385   int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1386   int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1387   int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1388   int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1389   /*
1390   ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1391   ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1392   */
1393   int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1394   /*
1395   ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1396   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1397   */
1398   int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1399   sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1400   const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1401   /*
1402   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1403   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1404   ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1405   */
1406 };
1407 
1408 /*
1409 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1410 **
1411 ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1412 ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1413 ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1414 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1415 ** simply checks whether the file exists.
1416 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1417 ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1418 ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1419 ** the directory).
1420 ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1421 ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1422 ** release of SQLite.
1423 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1424 ** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1425 ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1426 ** SQLite.
1427 */
1428 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1429 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1430 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1431 
1432 /*
1433 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1434 **
1435 ** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1436 ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1437 ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1438 ** xShmLock method:
1439 **
1440 ** <ul>
1441 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1442 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1443 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1444 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1445 ** </ul>
1446 **
1447 ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1448 ** was given on the corresponding lock.
1449 **
1450 ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1451 ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1452 ** and EXCLUSIVE.
1453 */
1454 #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1455 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1456 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1457 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1458 
1459 /*
1460 ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1461 **
1462 ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1463 ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1464 ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1465 ** lock outside of this range
1466 */
1467 #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1468 
1469 
1470 /*
1471 ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1472 **
1473 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1474 ** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1475 ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1476 ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1477 ** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1478 ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1479 **
1480 ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1481 ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1482 ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1483 ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1484 ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1485 ** are harmless no-ops.)^
1486 **
1487 ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1488 ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1489 ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1490 ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1491 **
1492 ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1493 ** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1494 ** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1495 ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1496 ** sqlite3_shutdown().
1497 **
1498 ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1499 ** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1500 ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1501 **
1502 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1503 ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1504 ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1505 ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1506 **
1507 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1508 ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1509 ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1510 ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1511 ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1512 ** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1513 ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1514 ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1515 ** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1516 ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1517 ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1518 ** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1519 ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1520 ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1521 **
1522 ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1523 ** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1524 ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1525 ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1526 ** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1527 ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1528 ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1529 **
1530 ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1531 ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1532 ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1533 ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1534 ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1535 ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1536 ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1537 ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1538 ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1539 ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1540 ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1541 ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1542 ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1543 ** failure.
1544 */
1545 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1546 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1547 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1548 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1549 
1550 /*
1551 ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1552 **
1553 ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1554 ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1555 ** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1556 ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1557 ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1558 **
1559 ** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1560 ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1561 ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1562 **
1563 ** The sqlite3_config() interface
1564 ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1565 ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1566 ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1567 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1568 ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1569 ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1570 **
1571 ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1572 ** [configuration option] that determines
1573 ** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1574 ** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1575 ** in the first argument.
1576 **
1577 ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1578 ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1579 ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1580 */
1581 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1582 
1583 /*
1584 ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1585 ** METHOD: sqlite3
1586 **
1587 ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1588 ** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1589 ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1590 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1591 **
1592 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1593 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1594 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1595 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1596 **
1597 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1598 ** the call is considered successful.
1599 */
1600 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1601 
1602 /*
1603 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1604 **
1605 ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1606 ** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1607 **
1608 ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1609 ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1610 ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1611 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1612 ** By creating an instance of this object
1613 ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1614 ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1615 ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1616 ** dynamic memory needs.
1617 **
1618 ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1619 ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1620 ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1621 ** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1622 ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1623 ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1624 ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1625 ** conditions.
1626 **
1627 ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1628 ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1629 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1630 ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1631 **
1632 ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1633 ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1634 ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1635 **
1636 ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1637 ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1638 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1639 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1640 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1641 ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1642 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1643 **
1644 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1645 ** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1646 ** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1647 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1648 ** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1649 ** xInit and xShutdown.
1650 **
1651 ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1652 ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1653 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1654 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1655 ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1656 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1657 ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1658 ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1659 ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1660 ** serialization.
1661 **
1662 ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1663 ** call to xShutdown().
1664 */
1665 typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1666 struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1667   void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1668   void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1669   void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1670   int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1671   int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1672   int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1673   void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1674   void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1675 };
1676 
1677 /*
1678 ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1679 ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1680 **
1681 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1682 ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1683 **
1684 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1685 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1686 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1687 ** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1688 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1689 ** is invoked.
1690 **
1691 ** <dl>
1692 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1693 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1694 ** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1695 ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1696 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1697 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1698 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1699 ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1700 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1701 ** configuration option.</dd>
1702 **
1703 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1704 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1705 ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1706 ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1707 ** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1708 ** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1709 ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1710 ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1711 ** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1712 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1713 ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1714 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1715 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1716 **
1717 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1718 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1719 ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1720 ** all mutexes including the recursive
1721 ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1722 ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1723 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1724 ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1725 ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1726 ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1727 ** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1728 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1729 ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1730 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1731 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1732 **
1733 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1734 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1735 ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1736 ** The argument specifies
1737 ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1738 ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1739 ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1740 ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1741 **
1742 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1743 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1744 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1745 ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1746 ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1747 ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1748 ** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1749 ** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1750 **
1751 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1752 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1753 ** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1754 ** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1755 ** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1756 ** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1757 ** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1758 ** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1759 ** </dd>
1760 **
1761 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1762 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1763 ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1764 ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1765 ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1766 **   <ul>
1767 **   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1768 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1769 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1770 **   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1771 **   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1772 **   </ul>)^
1773 ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1774 ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1775 ** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1776 ** </dd>
1777 **
1778 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1779 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1780 ** </dd>
1781 **
1782 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1783 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1784 ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1785 ** cache implementation.
1786 ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1787 ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1788 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1789 ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1790 ** and the number of cache lines (N).
1791 ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1792 ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1793 ** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1794 ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1795 ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1796 ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1797 ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1798 ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1799 ** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1800 ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1801 ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1802 ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1803 ** is exhausted.
1804 ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1805 ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1806 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1807 ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1808 ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1809 ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1810 ** additional cache line. </dd>
1811 **
1812 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1813 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1814 ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1815 ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1816 ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1817 ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1818 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1819 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1820 ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1821 ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1822 ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1823 ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1824 ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1825 ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1826 ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1827 ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1828 ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1829 ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1830 ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1831 **
1832 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1833 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1834 ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1835 ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1836 ** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1837 ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1838 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1839 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1840 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1841 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1842 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1843 **
1844 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1845 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1846 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1847 ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1848 ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1849 ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1850 ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1851 ** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1852 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1853 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1854 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1855 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1856 **
1857 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1858 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1859 ** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1860 ** The first argument is the
1861 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1862 ** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1863 ** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1864 ** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1865 ** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1866 **
1867 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1868 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1869 ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1870 ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1871 ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1872 **
1873 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1874 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1875 ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1876 ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1877 **
1878 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1879 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1880 ** global [error log].
1881 ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1882 ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1883 ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1884 ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1885 ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1886 ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1887 ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1888 ** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1889 ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1890 ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1891 ** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1892 ** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1893 ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1894 ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1895 ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1896 ** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1897 **
1898 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1899 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1900 ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1901 ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1902 ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1903 ** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1904 ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1905 ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1906 ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1907 ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1908 ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1909 ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1910 ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1911 **
1912 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1913 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1914 ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1915 ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1916 ** ^The default setting is determined
1917 ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1918 ** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1919 ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1920 ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1921 ** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1922 ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1923 ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1924 **
1925 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1926 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1927 ** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1928 ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1929 ** </dd>
1930 **
1931 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1932 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1933 ** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1934 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1935 ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1936 ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1937 ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1938 ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1939 ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1940 ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1941 ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1942 ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1943 ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1944 ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1945 ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1946 ** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1947 **
1948 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1949 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1950 ** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1951 ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1952 ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1953 ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1954 ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1955 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1956 ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1957 ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1958 ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1959 ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1960 ** changed to its compile-time default.
1961 **
1962 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1963 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1964 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1965 ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1966 ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1967 ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1968 **
1969 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1970 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1971 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1972 ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1973 ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1974 ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1975 ** target platform, and SQLite version.
1976 **
1977 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1978 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1979 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1980 ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1981 ** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1982 ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1983 ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1984 ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1985 ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1986 ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1987 **
1988 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1989 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1990 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1991 ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1992 ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1993 ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1994 ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1995 ** exclusively in memory.
1996 ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1997 ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1998 ** I/O required to support statement rollback.
1999 ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2000 ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2001 **
2002 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2003 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2004 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2005 ** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2006 ** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2007 ** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2008 ** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2009 ** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2010 ** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2011 ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2012 ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2013 ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2014 ** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2015 ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2016 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2017 **
2018 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2019 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2020 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2021 ** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2022 ** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2023 ** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2024 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2025 ** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2026 ** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2027 ** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2028 ** </dl>
2029 */
2030 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2031 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2032 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2033 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2034 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2035 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2036 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2037 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2038 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2039 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2040 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2041 /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2042 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2043 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2044 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2045 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2046 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2047 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2048 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2049 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2050 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2051 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2052 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2053 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2054 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2055 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2056 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2057 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2058 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2059 
2060 /*
2061 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2062 **
2063 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2064 ** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2065 **
2066 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2067 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2068 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2069 ** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2070 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2071 ** is invoked.
2072 **
2073 ** <dl>
2074 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2075 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2076 ** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2077 ** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2078 ** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2079 ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2080 ** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2081 ** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2082 ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2083 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2084 ** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2085 ** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2086 ** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2087 ** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2088 ** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2089 ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2090 ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2091 ** when the "current value" returned by
2092 ** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2093 ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2094 ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2095 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2096 **
2097 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2098 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2099 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2100 ** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2101 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2102 ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2103 ** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2104 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2105 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2106 ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2107 **
2108 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2109 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2110 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2111 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2112 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2113 ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2114 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2115 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2116 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2117 ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2118 **
2119 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2120 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2121 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2122 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2123 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2124 ** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2125 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2126 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2127 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2128 ** which case the view setting is not reported back. </dd>
2129 **
2130 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2131 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2132 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2133 ** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2134 ** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2135 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2136 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2137 ** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2138 ** unchanged.
2139 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2140 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2141 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2142 ** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2143 **
2144 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2145 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2146 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2147 ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2148 ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2149 ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2150 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2151 ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2152 ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2153 ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2154 ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2155 ** C-API or the SQL function.
2156 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2157 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2158 ** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2159 ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2160 ** </dd>
2161 **
2162 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2163 ** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2164 ** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2165 ** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2166 ** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2167 ** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2168 ** until after the database connection closes.
2169 ** </dd>
2170 **
2171 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2172 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2173 ** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2174 ** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2175 ** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2176 ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2177 ** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2178 ** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2179 ** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2180 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2181 ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2182 ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2183 ** </dd>
2184 **
2185 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2186 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2187 ** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2188 ** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2189 ** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2190 ** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2191 ** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2192 ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2193 ** was used during testing in the lab.
2194 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2195 ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2196 ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2197 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2198 ** following this call.
2199 ** </dd>
2200 **
2201 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2202 ** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2203 ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2204 ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2205 ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2206 ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2207 ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2208 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2209 ** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2210 ** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2211 ** </dd>
2212 **
2213 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2214 ** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2215 ** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2216 ** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2217 ** a badly corrupted database file:
2218 ** <ol>
2219 ** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2220 **      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2221 **      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2222 **      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2223 **      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2224 **      the reset.
2225 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2226 ** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2227 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2228 ** </ol>
2229 ** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2230 ** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2231 ** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2232 **
2233 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2234 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2235 ** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2236 ** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2237 ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2238 ** features include but are not limited to the following:
2239 ** <ul>
2240 ** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2241 ** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2242 ** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2243 ** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2244 ** </ul>
2245 ** </dd>
2246 **
2247 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2248 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2249 ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2250 ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2251 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2252 ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2253 ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2254 ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2255 ** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2256 ** </dd>
2257 **
2258 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2259 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2260 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2261 ** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2262 ** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2263 ** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2264 ** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2265 ** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2266 ** </dd>
2267 **
2268 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2269 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2270 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2271 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2272 ** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2273 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2274 ** compile-time option.
2275 ** </dd>
2276 **
2277 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2278 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2279 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2280 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2281 ** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2282 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2283 ** compile-time option.
2284 ** </dd>
2285 **
2286 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2287 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2288 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2289 ** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2290 ** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2291 ** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2292 ** including:
2293 ** <ul>
2294 ** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2295 ** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2296 ** partial indexes, or generated columns
2297 ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2298 ** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2299 ** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2300 ** </ul>
2301 ** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2302 ** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2303 ** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2304 ** </dd>
2305 **
2306 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2307 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2308 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2309 ** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2310 ** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2311 ** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2312 ** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2313 ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2314 ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2315 ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2316 ** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2317 ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2318 ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2319 ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2320 ** 3.0.0.
2321 ** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2322 ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2323 ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2324 ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2325 ** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2326 ** </dd>
2327 ** </dl>
2328 */
2329 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2330 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2331 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2332 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2333 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2334 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2335 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2336 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2337 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2338 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2339 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2340 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2341 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2342 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2343 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2344 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2345 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2346 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2347 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2348 
2349 /*
2350 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2351 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2352 **
2353 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2354 ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2355 ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2356 */
2357 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2358 
2359 /*
2360 ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2361 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2362 **
2363 ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2364 ** has a unique 64-bit signed
2365 ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2366 ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2367 ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2368 ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2369 ** is another alias for the rowid.
2370 **
2371 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2372 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2373 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2374 ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2375 ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2376 ** zero.
2377 **
2378 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2379 ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2380 ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2381 **
2382 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2383 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2384 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2385 ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2386 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2387 ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2388 ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2389 ** control to the user.
2390 **
2391 ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2392 ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2393 ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2394 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2395 **
2396 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2397 ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2398 ** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2399 ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2400 ** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2401 ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2402 ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2403 ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2404 ** the return value of this interface.)^
2405 **
2406 ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2407 ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2408 **
2409 ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2410 ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2411 **
2412 ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2413 ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2414 ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2415 ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2416 ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2417 ** last insert [rowid].
2418 */
2419 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2420 
2421 /*
2422 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2423 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2424 **
2425 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2426 ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2427 ** without inserting a row into the database.
2428 */
2429 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2430 
2431 /*
2432 ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2433 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2434 **
2435 ** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2436 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2437 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2438 ** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2439 ** returned by this function.
2440 **
2441 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2442 ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2443 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2444 **
2445 ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2446 ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2447 ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2448 ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2449 ** tables are counted.
2450 **
2451 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2452 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2453 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2454 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2455 **
2456 ** <ul>
2457 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2458 **        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2459 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2460 **
2461 **   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2462 **        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2463 **        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2464 **        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2465 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2466 ** </ul>
2467 **
2468 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2469 ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2470 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2471 ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2472 ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2473 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2474 **
2475 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2476 ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2477 ** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2478 **
2479 ** See also:
2480 ** <ul>
2481 ** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2482 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2483 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2484 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2485 ** </ul>
2486 */
2487 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2488 
2489 /*
2490 ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2491 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2492 **
2493 ** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2494 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2495 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2496 ** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2497 ** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2498 **
2499 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2500 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2501 ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2502 ** are not counted.
2503 **
2504 ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2505 ** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2506 ** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2507 ** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2508 ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2509 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2510 **
2511 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2512 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2513 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2514 **
2515 ** See also:
2516 ** <ul>
2517 ** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2518 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2519 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2520 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2521 ** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2522 ** </ul>
2523 */
2524 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2525 
2526 /*
2527 ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2528 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2529 **
2530 ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2531 ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2532 ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2533 ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2534 ** immediately.
2535 **
2536 ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2537 ** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2538 ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2539 ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2540 **
2541 ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2542 ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2543 ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2544 **
2545 ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2546 ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2547 ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2548 ** will be rolled back automatically.
2549 **
2550 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2551 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2552 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2553 ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2554 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2555 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2556 ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2557 ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2558 ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2559 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2560 */
2561 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2562 
2563 /*
2564 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2565 **
2566 ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2567 ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2568 ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2569 ** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2570 ** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2571 ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2572 ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2573 ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2574 ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2575 ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2576 ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2577 **
2578 ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2579 ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2580 **
2581 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2582 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2583 **
2584 ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2585 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2586 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2587 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2588 ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2589 **
2590 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2591 ** UTF-8 string.
2592 **
2593 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2594 ** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2595 */
2596 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2597 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2598 
2599 /*
2600 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2601 ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2602 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2603 **
2604 ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2605 ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2606 ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2607 ** [database connection] D when another thread
2608 ** or process has the table locked.
2609 ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2610 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2611 **
2612 ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2613 ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2614 ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2615 **
2616 ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2617 ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2618 ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2619 ** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2620 ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2621 ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2622 ** to the application.
2623 ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2624 ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2625 **
2626 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2627 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2628 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2629 ** to the application instead of invoking the
2630 ** busy handler.
2631 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2632 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2633 ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2634 ** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2635 ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2636 ** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2637 ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2638 ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2639 ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2640 ** the second process to proceed.
2641 **
2642 ** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2643 **
2644 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2645 ** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2646 ** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2647 ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2648 ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2649 **
2650 ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2651 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2652 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2653 ** result in undefined behavior.
2654 **
2655 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2656 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2657 */
2658 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2659 
2660 /*
2661 ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2662 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2663 **
2664 ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2665 ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2666 ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2667 ** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2668 ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2669 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2670 **
2671 ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2672 ** turns off all busy handlers.
2673 **
2674 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2675 ** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2676 ** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2677 ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2678 **
2679 ** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2680 */
2681 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2682 
2683 /*
2684 ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2685 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2686 **
2687 ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2688 ** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2689 **
2690 ** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2691 ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2692 ** complete query results from one or more queries.
2693 **
2694 ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2695 ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2696 ** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2697 ** and M be the number of columns.
2698 **
2699 ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2700 ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2701 ** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2702 ** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2703 ** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2704 ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2705 **
2706 ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2707 ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2708 ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2709 **
2710 ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2711 ** is as follows:
2712 **
2713 ** <blockquote><pre>
2714 **        Name        | Age
2715 **        -----------------------
2716 **        Alice       | 43
2717 **        Bob         | 28
2718 **        Cindy       | 21
2719 ** </pre></blockquote>
2720 **
2721 ** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2722 ** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2723 ** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2724 **
2725 ** <blockquote><pre>
2726 **        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2727 **        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2728 **        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2729 **        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2730 **        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2731 **        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2732 **        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2733 **        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2734 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
2735 **
2736 ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2737 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2738 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2739 ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2740 **
2741 ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2742 ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2743 ** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2744 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2745 ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2746 ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2747 **
2748 ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2749 ** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2750 ** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2751 ** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2752 ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2753 ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2754 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2755 */
2756 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2757   sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2758   const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2759   char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2760   int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2761   int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2762   char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2763 );
2764 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2765 
2766 /*
2767 ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2768 **
2769 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2770 ** from the standard C library.
2771 ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2772 ** the standard library printf()
2773 ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2774 ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2775 **
2776 ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2777 ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2778 ** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2779 ** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2780 ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2781 ** memory to hold the resulting string.
2782 **
2783 ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2784 ** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2785 ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2786 ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2787 ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2788 ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2789 ** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2790 ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2791 ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2792 ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2793 ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2794 ** now without breaking compatibility.
2795 **
2796 ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2797 ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2798 ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2799 ** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2800 ** written will be n-1 characters.
2801 **
2802 ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2803 **
2804 ** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2805 */
2806 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2807 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2808 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2809 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2810 
2811 /*
2812 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2813 **
2814 ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2815 ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2816 ** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2817 ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2818 **
2819 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2820 ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2821 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2822 ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2823 ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2824 ** a NULL pointer.
2825 **
2826 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2827 ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2828 ** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2829 **
2830 ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2831 ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2832 ** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2833 ** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2834 ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2835 ** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2836 ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2837 ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2838 ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2839 ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2840 **
2841 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2842 ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2843 ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2844 ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2845 ** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2846 ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2847 ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2848 ** sqlite3_free(X).
2849 ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2850 ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2851 ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2852 ** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2853 ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2854 ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2855 ** prior allocation is not freed.
2856 **
2857 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2858 ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2859 ** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2860 **
2861 ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2862 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2863 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2864 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2865 ** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2866 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2867 ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2868 ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2869 ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2870 **
2871 ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2872 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2873 ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2874 ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2875 ** option is used.
2876 **
2877 ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2878 ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2879 ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2880 ** not yet been released.
2881 **
2882 ** The application must not read or write any part of
2883 ** a block of memory after it has been released using
2884 ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2885 */
2886 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2887 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2888 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2889 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2890 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2891 SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2892 
2893 /*
2894 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2895 **
2896 ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2897 ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2898 ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2899 **
2900 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2901 ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2902 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2903 ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2904 ** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2905 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2906 ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2907 ** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2908 ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2909 **
2910 ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2911 ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2912 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2913 ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2914 ** prior to the reset.
2915 */
2916 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2917 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2918 
2919 /*
2920 ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2921 **
2922 ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2923 ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2924 ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2925 ** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2926 ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2927 **
2928 ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2929 ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2930 **
2931 ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2932 ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2933 ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2934 ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2935 ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2936 ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2937 ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2938 ** method.
2939 */
2940 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2941 
2942 /*
2943 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2944 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2945 ** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2946 **
2947 ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2948 ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2949 ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2950 ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2951 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2952 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2953 ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2954 ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2955 ** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2956 ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2957 ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2958 ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2959 ** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2960 ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2961 ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2962 ** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2963 **
2964 ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2965 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2966 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2967 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2968 ** access is denied.
2969 **
2970 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2971 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2972 ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2973 ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2974 ** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2975 ** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2976 ** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2977 ** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2978 **
2979 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2980 ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2981 ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2982 ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2983 ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2984 ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2985 ** columns of a table.
2986 ** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2987 ** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2988 ** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2989 ** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2990 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2991 ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2992 ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2993 **
2994 ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2995 ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2996 ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2997 ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2998 ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
2999 ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3000 ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3001 ** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3002 ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3003 ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3004 **
3005 ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3006 ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3007 ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3008 ** in addition to using an authorizer.
3009 **
3010 ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3011 ** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3012 ** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3013 ** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3014 **
3015 ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3016 ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3017 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3018 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3019 **
3020 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3021 ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3022 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3023 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3024 **
3025 ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3026 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3027 ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3028 ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3029 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3030 */
3031 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3032   sqlite3*,
3033   int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3034   void *pUserData
3035 );
3036 
3037 /*
3038 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3039 **
3040 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3041 ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3042 ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3043 ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3044 ** information.
3045 **
3046 ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3047 ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3048 */
3049 #define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3050 #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3051 
3052 /*
3053 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3054 **
3055 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3056 ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3057 ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3058 ** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3059 ** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3060 **
3061 ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3062 ** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3063 ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3064 ** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3065 ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3066 ** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3067 ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3068 ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3069 ** top-level SQL code.
3070 */
3071 /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3072 #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3073 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3074 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3075 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3076 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3077 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3078 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3079 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3080 #define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3081 #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3082 #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3083 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3084 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3085 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3086 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3087 #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3088 #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3089 #define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3090 #define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3091 #define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3092 #define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3093 #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3094 #define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3095 #define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3096 #define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3097 #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3098 #define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3099 #define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3100 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3101 #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3102 #define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3103 #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3104 #define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3105 #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3106 
3107 /*
3108 ** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3109 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3110 **
3111 ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3112 ** instead of the routines described here.
3113 **
3114 ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3115 ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3116 **
3117 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3118 ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3119 ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3120 ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3121 ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3122 ** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3123 ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3124 **
3125 ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3126 ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3127 **
3128 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3129 ** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3130 ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3131 ** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3132 ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3133 ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3134 ** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3135 ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3136 ** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3137 ** profile callback.
3138 */
3139 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3140    void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3141 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3142    void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3143 
3144 /*
3145 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3146 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3147 **
3148 ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3149 ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3150 ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3151 ** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3152 ** is one of the following constants.
3153 **
3154 ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3155 **
3156 ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3157 ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3158 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3159 ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3160 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3161 **
3162 ** <dl>
3163 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3164 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3165 ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3166 ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3167 ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3168 ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3169 ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3170 ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3171 ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3172 ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3173 ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3174 **
3175 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3176 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3177 ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3178 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3179 ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3180 ** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3181 ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3182 **
3183 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3184 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3185 ** statement generates a single row of result.
3186 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3187 ** X argument is unused.
3188 **
3189 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3190 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3191 ** connection closes.
3192 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3193 ** and the X argument is unused.
3194 ** </dl>
3195 */
3196 #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3197 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3198 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3199 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3200 
3201 /*
3202 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3203 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3204 **
3205 ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3206 ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3207 ** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3208 ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3209 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3210 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3211 **
3212 ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3213 ** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3214 **
3215 ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3216 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3217 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3218 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3219 **
3220 ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3221 ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3222 ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3223 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3224 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3225 **
3226 ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3227 ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3228 ** are deprecated.
3229 */
3230 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3231   sqlite3*,
3232   unsigned uMask,
3233   int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3234   void *pCtx
3235 );
3236 
3237 /*
3238 ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3239 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3240 **
3241 ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3242 ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3243 ** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3244 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
3245 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3246 **
3247 ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3248 ** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3249 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3250 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3251 ** handler is disabled.
3252 **
3253 ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3254 ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3255 ** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3256 ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3257 ** than 1.
3258 **
3259 ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3260 ** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3261 ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3262 **
3263 ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3264 ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3265 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3266 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3267 **
3268 */
3269 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3270 
3271 /*
3272 ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3273 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3274 **
3275 ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3276 ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3277 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3278 ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3279 ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3280 ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3281 ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3282 ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3283 ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3284 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3285 ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3286 ** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3287 **
3288 ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3289 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3290 ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3291 **
3292 ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3293 ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3294 ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3295 **
3296 ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3297 ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3298 ** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3299 ** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3300 ** three flag combinations:)^
3301 **
3302 ** <dl>
3303 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3304 ** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3305 ** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3306 **
3307 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3308 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3309 ** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3310 ** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3311 **
3312 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3313 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3314 ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3315 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3316 ** </dl>
3317 **
3318 ** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3319 ** also supported:
3320 **
3321 ** <dl>
3322 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3323 ** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3324 **
3325 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3326 ** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3327 ** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3328 ** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3329 ** </dd>)^
3330 **
3331 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3332 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3333 ** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3334 ** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3335 ** a different [database connection].
3336 **
3337 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3338 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3339 ** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3340 ** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3341 ** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3342 ** there is no harm in trying.)
3343 **
3344 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3345 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3346 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3347 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3348 **
3349 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3350 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3351 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3352 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3353 **
3354 ** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3355 ** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3356 ** </dl>)^
3357 **
3358 ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3359 ** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3360 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3361 ** then the behavior is undefined.
3362 **
3363 ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3364 ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3365 ** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3366 ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3367 **
3368 ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3369 ** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3370 ** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3371 ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3372 ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3373 ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3374 ** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3375 **
3376 ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3377 ** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3378 ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3379 **
3380 ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3381 **
3382 ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3383 ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3384 ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3385 ** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3386 ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3387 ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3388 ** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3389 ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3390 ** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3391 ** information.
3392 **
3393 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3394 ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3395 ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3396 ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3397 ** present, is ignored.
3398 **
3399 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3400 ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3401 ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3402 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3403 ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3404 ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3405 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3406 **
3407 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
3408 ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3409 ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3410 ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3411 ** following query parameters:
3412 **
3413 ** <ul>
3414 **   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3415 **     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3416 **     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3417 **     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3418 **     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3419 **     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3420 **     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3421 **
3422 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3423 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3424 **     an error)^.
3425 **     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3426 **     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3427 **     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3428 **     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3429 **     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3430 **     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3431 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3432 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3433 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3434 **     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3435 **     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3436 **
3437 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3438 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3439 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3440 **     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3441 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3442 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3443 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3444 **     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3445 **
3446 **  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3447 **     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3448 **     storage media on which the database file resides.
3449 **
3450 **  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3451 **     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3452 **     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3453 **     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3454 **     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3455 **     processes uses nolock=1.
3456 **
3457 **  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3458 **     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3459 **     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3460 **     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3461 **     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3462 **     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3463 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3464 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3465 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3466 **
3467 ** </ul>
3468 **
3469 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3470 ** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3471 ** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3472 ** additional information.
3473 **
3474 ** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3475 **
3476 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3477 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3478 ** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3479 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3480 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3481 **          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3482 **          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3483 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3484 ** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3485 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3486 ** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3487 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3488 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3489 **          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3490 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3491 **          in URI filenames.
3492 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3493 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3494 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3495 **          default, use a private cache.
3496 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3497 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3498 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3499 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3500 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3501 ** </table>
3502 **
3503 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3504 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3505 ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3506 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3507 ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3508 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3509 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3510 ** the results are undefined.
3511 **
3512 ** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3513 ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3514 ** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3515 ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3516 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3517 **
3518 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3519 ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3520 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3521 **
3522 ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3523 */
3524 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3525   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3526   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3527 );
3528 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3529   const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3530   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3531 );
3532 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3533   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3534   sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3535   int flags,              /* Flags */
3536   const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3537 );
3538 
3539 /*
3540 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3541 **
3542 ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3543 ** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3544 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3545 **
3546 ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3547 ** as F) must be one of:
3548 ** <ul>
3549 ** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3550 ** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3551 ** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3552 ** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3553 ** </ul>
3554 ** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3555 ** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3556 ** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3557 **
3558 ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3559 ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3560 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3561 ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3562 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3563 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3564 ** a pointer to an empty string.
3565 **
3566 ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3567 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3568 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3569 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3570 ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3571 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3572 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3573 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3574 ** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3575 ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3576 **
3577 ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3578 ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3579 ** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3580 ** zero is returned.
3581 **
3582 ** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3583 ** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3584 ** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3585 ** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3586 ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3587 ** so forth.
3588 **
3589 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3590 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3591 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3592 ** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3593 ** and probably undesirable.
3594 **
3595 ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3596 ** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3597 ** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3598 ** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3599 ** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3600 ** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3601 ** main database file.
3602 **
3603 ** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3604 */
3605 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3606 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3607 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3608 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3609 
3610 /*
3611 ** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3612 **
3613 ** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3614 ** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3615 ** and the WAL file.
3616 **
3617 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3618 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3619 ** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3620 **
3621 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3622 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3623 ** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3624 ** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3625 **
3626 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3627 ** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3628 ** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3629 ** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3630 ** WAL file.
3631 **
3632 ** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3633 ** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3634 ** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3635 ** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3636 */
3637 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3638 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3639 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3640 
3641 /*
3642 ** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3643 **
3644 ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3645 ** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3646 ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3647 ** object that represents the main database file.
3648 **
3649 ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3650 ** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3651 ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3652 ** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3653 ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3654 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3655 ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3656 ** behavior.
3657 */
3658 SQLITE_API sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3659 
3660 /*
3661 ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3662 **
3663 ** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3664 ** are not useful outside of that context.
3665 **
3666 ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3667 ** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3668 ** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3669 ** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3670 ** is safe to pass to routines like:
3671 ** <ul>
3672 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3673 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3674 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3675 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3676 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3677 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3678 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3679 ** </ul>
3680 ** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3681 ** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3682 ** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3683 **
3684 ** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3685 ** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3686 ** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3687 ** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3688 ** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3689 ** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3690 ** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3691 **
3692 ** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3693 ** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3694 ** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3695 **
3696 ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3697 ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3698 ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3699 ** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should be
3700 ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3701 ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3702 ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3703 ** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3704 */
3705 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3706   const char *zDatabase,
3707   const char *zJournal,
3708   const char *zWal,
3709   int nParam,
3710   const char **azParam
3711 );
3712 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3713 
3714 /*
3715 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3716 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3717 **
3718 ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3719 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3720 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3721 ** API call.
3722 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3723 ** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3724 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3725 ** disabled.
3726 **
3727 ** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3728 ** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3729 ** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3730 ** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3731 ** interfaces are:
3732 **
3733 ** <ul>
3734 ** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3735 ** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3736 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3737 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3738 ** </ul>
3739 **
3740 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3741 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3742 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3743 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3744 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3745 ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3746 **
3747 ** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3748 ** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3749 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3750 ** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3751 **
3752 ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3753 ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3754 ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3755 ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3756 ** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3757 ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3758 ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3759 ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3760 ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3761 **
3762 ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3763 ** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3764 ** error code and message may or may not be set.
3765 */
3766 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3767 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3768 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3769 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3770 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3771 
3772 /*
3773 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3774 ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3775 **
3776 ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3777 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3778 **
3779 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3780 ** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3781 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3782 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
3783 **
3784 ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3785 **
3786 ** <ol>
3787 ** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3788 ** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3789 **      interfaces.
3790 ** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3791 ** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3792 **      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3793 ** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3794 ** </ol>
3795 */
3796 typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3797 
3798 /*
3799 ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3800 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3801 **
3802 ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3803 ** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3804 ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3805 ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3806 ** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3807 ** new limit for that construct.)^
3808 **
3809 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3810 ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3811 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
3812 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3813 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3814 ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3815 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3816 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3817 **
3818 ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3819 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3820 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3821 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3822 **
3823 ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3824 ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3825 ** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3826 ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3827 ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3828 ** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3829 ** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3830 ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3831 ** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3832 ** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3833 ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3834 ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3835 **
3836 ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3837 */
3838 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3839 
3840 /*
3841 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3842 ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3843 **
3844 ** These constants define various performance limits
3845 ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3846 ** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3847 ** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3848 **
3849 ** <dl>
3850 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3851 ** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3852 **
3853 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3854 ** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3855 **
3856 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3857 ** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3858 ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3859 ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3860 **
3861 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3862 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3863 **
3864 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3865 ** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3866 **
3867 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3868 ** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3869 ** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3870 ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3871 ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3872 **
3873 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3874 ** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3875 **
3876 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3877 ** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3878 **
3879 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3880 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3881 ** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3882 ** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3883 **
3884 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3885 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3886 ** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3887 **
3888 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3889 ** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3890 **
3891 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3892 ** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3893 ** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3894 ** </dl>
3895 */
3896 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3897 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3898 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3899 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3900 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3901 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3902 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3903 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3904 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3905 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3906 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3907 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3908 
3909 /*
3910 ** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3911 **
3912 ** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3913 ** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3914 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3915 **
3916 ** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3917 **
3918 ** <dl>
3919 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3920 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3921 ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3922 ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3923 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3924 ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3925 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3926 ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3927 ** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3928 ** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3929 **
3930 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3931 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3932 ** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3933 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3934 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3935 ** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3936 ** flag.
3937 **
3938 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3939 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3940 ** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3941 ** any virtual tables.
3942 ** </dl>
3943 */
3944 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3945 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3946 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3947 
3948 /*
3949 ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3950 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3951 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3952 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3953 **
3954 ** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3955 ** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3956 ** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3957 **
3958 ** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3959 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3960 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3961 ** for special purposes.
3962 **
3963 ** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3964 ** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3965 ** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3966 ** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3967 **
3968 ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3969 ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3970 ** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3971 **
3972 ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3973 ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
3974 ** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
3975 ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3976 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
3977 **
3978 ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3979 ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3980 ** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3981 ** statement is generated.
3982 ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3983 ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3984 ** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3985 ** the nul-terminator.
3986 **
3987 ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3988 ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3989 ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3990 ** what remains uncompiled.
3991 **
3992 ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3993 ** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3994 ** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3995 ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3996 ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3997 ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3998 ** ppStmt may not be NULL.
3999 **
4000 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4001 ** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4002 **
4003 ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4004 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4005 ** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4006 ** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4007 ** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4008 ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4009 ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4010 ** behave differently in three ways:
4011 **
4012 ** <ol>
4013 ** <li>
4014 ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4015 ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4016 ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4017 ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4018 ** </li>
4019 **
4020 ** <li>
4021 ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4022 ** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4023 ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4024 ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4025 ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4026 ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4027 ** </li>
4028 **
4029 ** <li>
4030 ** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4031 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4032 ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4033 ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4034 ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4035 ** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4036 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4037 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4038 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4039 ** </li>
4040 ** </ol>
4041 **
4042 ** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4043 ** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4044 ** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4045 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4046 ** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4047 */
4048 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
4049   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4050   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4051   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4052   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4053   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4054 );
4055 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4056   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4057   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4058   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4059   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4060   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4061 );
4062 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4063   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4064   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4065   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4066   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4067   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4068   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4069 );
4070 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
4071   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4072   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4073   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4074   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4075   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4076 );
4077 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4078   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4079   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4080   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4081   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4082   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4083 );
4084 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4085   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4086   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4087   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4088   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4089   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4090   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4091 );
4092 
4093 /*
4094 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4095 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4096 **
4097 ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4098 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4099 ** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4100 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4101 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4102 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4103 ** [bound parameters] expanded.
4104 ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4105 ** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4106 ** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4107 ** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4108 ** placeholders.
4109 **
4110 ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4111 ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4112 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4113 ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4114 ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4115 **
4116 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4117 ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4118 ** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4119 **
4120 ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4121 ** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4122 ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4123 **
4124 ** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4125 ** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4126 ** statement is finalized.
4127 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4128 ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
4129 ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4130 */
4131 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4132 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4133 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4134 
4135 /*
4136 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4137 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4138 **
4139 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4140 ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4141 ** the content of the database file.
4142 **
4143 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4144 ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4145 ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4146 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4147 ** change the database file through side-effects:
4148 **
4149 ** <blockquote><pre>
4150 **    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4151 ** </pre></blockquote>
4152 **
4153 ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4154 ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4155 **
4156 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4157 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4158 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4159 ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4160 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4161 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4162 ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4163 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4164 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4165 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4166 ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4167 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4168 */
4169 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4170 
4171 /*
4172 ** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4173 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4174 **
4175 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4176 ** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4177 ** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4178 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4179 ** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4180 */
4181 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4182 
4183 /*
4184 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4185 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4186 **
4187 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4188 ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4189 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4190 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4191 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4192 ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4193 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4194 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4195 **
4196 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4197 ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4198 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4199 ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4200 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4201 */
4202 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4203 
4204 /*
4205 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4206 ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4207 **
4208 ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4209 ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4210 ** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4211 ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4212 **
4213 ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4214 ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4215 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4216 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4217 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4218 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4219 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4220 **
4221 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4222 ** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4223 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4224 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4225 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4226 ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4227 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4228 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4229 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4230 ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4231 ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4232 ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4233 **
4234 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4235 ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4236 ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4237 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4238 ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4239 ** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4240 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4241 ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4242 ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4243 */
4244 typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4245 
4246 /*
4247 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4248 **
4249 ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4250 ** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4251 ** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4252 ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4253 ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4254 ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4255 ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4256 ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4257 */
4258 typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4259 
4260 /*
4261 ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4262 ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4263 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4264 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4265 **
4266 ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4267 ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4268 ** templates:
4269 **
4270 ** <ul>
4271 ** <li>  ?
4272 ** <li>  ?NNN
4273 ** <li>  :VVV
4274 ** <li>  @VVV
4275 ** <li>  $VVV
4276 ** </ul>
4277 **
4278 ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4279 ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4280 ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4281 ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4282 **
4283 ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4284 ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4285 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4286 **
4287 ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4288 ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4289 ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4290 ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4291 ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4292 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4293 ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4294 ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4295 ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4296 **
4297 ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4298 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4299 ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4300 ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4301 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4302 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4303 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4304 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4305 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4306 ** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4307 ** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4308 ** otherwise.
4309 **
4310 ** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4311 ** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4312 ** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4313 ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4314 ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4315 ** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4316 ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4317 ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4318 ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4319 **
4320 ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4321 ** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4322 ** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4323 ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4324 ** is negative, then the length of the string is
4325 ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4326 ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4327 ** the behavior is undefined.
4328 ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4329 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4330 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
4331 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4332 ** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4333 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4334 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4335 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4336 **
4337 ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
4338 ** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
4339 ** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
4340 ** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to the bind API fails,
4341 ** except the destructor is not called if the third parameter is a NULL
4342 ** pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4343 ** ^If the fifth argument is
4344 ** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
4345 ** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
4346 ** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
4347 ** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
4348 ** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
4349 **
4350 ** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4351 ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4352 ** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4353 ** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4354 ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4355 ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4356 ** is undefined.
4357 **
4358 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4359 ** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4360 ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4361 ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4362 ** content is later written using
4363 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4364 ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4365 **
4366 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4367 ** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4368 ** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4369 ** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4370 ** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4371 ** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4372 ** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4373 ** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4374 **
4375 ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4376 ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4377 ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4378 ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4379 ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4380 ** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4381 **
4382 ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4383 ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4384 **
4385 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4386 ** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4387 ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4388 ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4389 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4390 ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4391 ** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4392 **
4393 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4394 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4395 */
4396 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4397 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4398                         void(*)(void*));
4399 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4400 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4401 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4403 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4404 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4405 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4406                          void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4407 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4408 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4409 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4410 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4411 
4412 /*
4413 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4414 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4415 **
4416 ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4417 ** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4418 ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4419 ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4420 ** to the parameters at a later time.
4421 **
4422 ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4423 ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4424 ** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4425 ** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4426 **
4427 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4428 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4429 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4430 */
4431 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4432 
4433 /*
4434 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4435 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4436 **
4437 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4438 ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4439 ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4440 ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4441 ** respectively.
4442 ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4443 ** is included as part of the name.)^
4444 ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4445 ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4446 **
4447 ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4448 **
4449 ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4450 ** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4451 ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4452 ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4453 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4454 **
4455 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4456 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4457 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4458 */
4459 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4460 
4461 /*
4462 ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4463 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4464 **
4465 ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4466 ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4467 ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4468 ** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4469 ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4470 ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4471 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4472 **
4473 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4474 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4475 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4476 */
4477 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4478 
4479 /*
4480 ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4481 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4482 **
4483 ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4484 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4485 ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4486 */
4487 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4488 
4489 /*
4490 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4491 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4492 **
4493 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4494 ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4495 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4496 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4497 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4498 ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4499 ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4500 **
4501 ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4502 */
4503 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4504 
4505 /*
4506 ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4507 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4508 **
4509 ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4510 ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4511 ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4512 ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4513 ** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4514 ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4515 ** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4516 **
4517 ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4518 ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4519 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4520 ** or until the next call to
4521 ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4522 **
4523 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4524 ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4525 ** NULL pointer is returned.
4526 **
4527 ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4528 ** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4529 ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4530 ** one release of SQLite to the next.
4531 */
4532 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4533 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4534 
4535 /*
4536 ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4537 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4538 **
4539 ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4540 ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4541 ** [SELECT] statement.
4542 ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4543 ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4544 ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4545 ** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4546 ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4547 ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4548 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4549 ** or until the same information is requested
4550 ** again in a different encoding.
4551 **
4552 ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4553 ** database, table, and column.
4554 **
4555 ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4556 ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4557 ** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4558 ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4559 **
4560 ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4561 ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4562 ** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4563 ** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4564 ** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4565 **
4566 ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4567 ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4568 **
4569 ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4570 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4571 **
4572 ** If two or more threads call one or more
4573 ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4574 ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4575 ** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4576 */
4577 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4578 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4579 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4580 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4581 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4582 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4583 
4584 /*
4585 ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4586 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4587 **
4588 ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4589 ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4590 ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4591 ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4592 ** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4593 ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4594 ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4595 **
4596 ** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4597 **
4598 ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4599 **
4600 ** and the following statement to be compiled:
4601 **
4602 ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4603 **
4604 ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4605 ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4606 **
4607 ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4608 ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4609 ** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4610 ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4611 ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4612 ** used to hold those values.
4613 */
4614 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4615 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4616 
4617 /*
4618 ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4619 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4620 **
4621 ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4622 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4623 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4624 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4625 ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4626 **
4627 ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4628 ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4629 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4630 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4631 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4632 ** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4633 ** interface will continue to be supported.
4634 **
4635 ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4636 ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4637 ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4638 ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4639 **
4640 ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4641 ** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4642 ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4643 ** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4644 ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4645 ** continuing.
4646 **
4647 ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4648 ** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4649 ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4650 ** machine back to its initial state.
4651 **
4652 ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4653 ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4654 ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4655 ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4656 **
4657 ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4658 ** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4659 ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4660 ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4661 ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4662 ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4663 ** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4664 ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4665 **
4666 ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4667 ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4668 ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4669 ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4670 ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4671 ** more threads at the same moment in time.
4672 **
4673 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4674 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4675 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4676 ** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4677 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4678 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4679 ** sqlite3_step() began
4680 ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4681 ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4682 ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4683 ** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4684 ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4685 **
4686 ** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4687 ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4688 ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4689 ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4690 ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4691 ** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4692 ** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4693 ** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4694 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4695 ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4696 ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4697 ** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4698 */
4699 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4700 
4701 /*
4702 ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4703 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4704 **
4705 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4706 ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4707 ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4708 ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4709 ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4710 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4711 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4712 ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4713 ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4714 ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4715 ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4716 ** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4717 **
4718 ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4719 */
4720 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4721 
4722 /*
4723 ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4724 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4725 **
4726 ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4727 **
4728 ** <ul>
4729 ** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4730 ** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4731 ** <li> string
4732 ** <li> BLOB
4733 ** <li> NULL
4734 ** </ul>)^
4735 **
4736 ** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4737 **
4738 ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4739 ** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4740 ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4741 ** SQLITE_TEXT.
4742 */
4743 #define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4744 #define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4745 #define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4746 #define SQLITE_NULL     5
4747 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4748 # undef SQLITE_TEXT
4749 #else
4750 # define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4751 #endif
4752 #define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4753 
4754 /*
4755 ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4756 ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4757 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4758 **
4759 ** <b>Summary:</b>
4760 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4761 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4762 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4763 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4764 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4765 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4766 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4767 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4768 ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4769 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4770 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4771 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4772 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4773 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4774 ** TEXT in bytes
4775 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4776 ** datatype of the result
4777 ** </table></blockquote>
4778 **
4779 ** <b>Details:</b>
4780 **
4781 ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4782 ** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4783 ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4784 ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4785 ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4786 ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4787 ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4788 ** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4789 **
4790 ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4791 ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4792 ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4793 ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4794 ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4795 ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4796 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4797 ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4798 ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4799 ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4800 ** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4801 **
4802 ** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4803 ** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4804 ** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4805 ** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4806 ** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4807 **
4808 ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4809 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4810 ** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4811 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4812 ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4813 ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4814 ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4815 ** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4816 ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4817 ** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4818 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4819 ** following a type conversion.
4820 **
4821 ** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4822 ** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4823 ** of that BLOB or string.
4824 **
4825 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4826 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4827 ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4828 ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4829 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4830 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4831 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4832 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4833 **
4834 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4835 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4836 ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4837 ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4838 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4839 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4840 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4841 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4842 **
4843 ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4844 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4845 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4846 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4847 ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4848 **
4849 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4850 ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4851 ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4852 **
4853 ** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4854 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4855 ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4856 ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4857 ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4858 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4859 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4860 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4861 ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4862 ** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4863 ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4864 ** top-level application code.
4865 **
4866 ** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4867 ** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4868 ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4869 ** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4870 ** that are applied:
4871 **
4872 ** <blockquote>
4873 ** <table border="1">
4874 ** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4875 **
4876 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4877 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4878 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4879 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4880 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4881 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4882 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4883 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4884 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4885 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4886 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4887 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4888 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4889 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4890 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4891 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4892 ** </table>
4893 ** </blockquote>)^
4894 **
4895 ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4896 ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4897 ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4898 ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4899 ** in the following cases:
4900 **
4901 ** <ul>
4902 ** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4903 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4904 **      need to be added to the string.</li>
4905 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4906 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4907 **      to UTF-16.</li>
4908 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4909 **      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4910 **      to UTF-8.</li>
4911 ** </ul>
4912 **
4913 ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4914 ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4915 ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4916 ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4917 ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4918 **
4919 ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4920 ** in one of the following ways:
4921 **
4922 ** <ul>
4923 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4924 **  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4925 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4926 ** </ul>
4927 **
4928 ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4929 ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4930 ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4931 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4932 ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4933 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4934 ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4935 **
4936 ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4937 ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4938 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4939 ** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4940 ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4941 ** [sqlite3_free()].
4942 **
4943 ** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4944 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4945 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4946 ** errors:
4947 **
4948 ** <ul>
4949 ** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4950 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4951 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4952 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4953 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4954 ** </ul>
4955 **
4956 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4957 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4958 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4959 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4960 ** return value is obtained and before any
4961 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4962 */
4963 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4964 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4965 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4966 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4967 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4968 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4969 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4970 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4971 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4972 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4973 
4974 /*
4975 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4976 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4977 **
4978 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4979 ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4980 ** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4981 ** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4982 ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4983 ** [extended error code].
4984 **
4985 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4986 ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4987 ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4988 ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4989 ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4990 ** completed execution.
4991 **
4992 ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4993 **
4994 ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4995 ** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4996 ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4997 ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4998 ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
4999 */
5000 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5001 
5002 /*
5003 ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5004 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5005 **
5006 ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5007 ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5008 ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5009 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5010 ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5011 **
5012 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5013 ** back to the beginning of its program.
5014 **
5015 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5016 ** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5017 ** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5018 ** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5019 **
5020 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5021 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5022 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5023 **
5024 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5025 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5026 */
5027 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5028 
5029 /*
5030 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5031 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5032 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5033 **
5034 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5035 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5036 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5037 ** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5038 ** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5039 ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5040 ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5041 ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5042 ** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5043 **
5044 ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5045 ** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5046 ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5047 ** to each database connection separately.
5048 **
5049 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5050 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5051 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5052 ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5053 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5054 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5055 **
5056 ** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5057 ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5058 ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5059 ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5060 ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5061 ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5062 ** undefined.
5063 **
5064 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5065 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5066 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5067 ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5068 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5069 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5070 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5071 ** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5072 ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5073 ** each encoding.
5074 ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5075 ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5076 **
5077 ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5078 ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5079 ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5080 ** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5081 ** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5082 ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5083 ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5084 **
5085 ** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5086 ** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5087 ** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5088 ** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5089 **
5090 ** <span style="background-color:#ffff90;">
5091 ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5092 ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5093 ** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5094 ** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5095 ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5096 ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5097 ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5098 ** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5099 ** the database file is opened and read.
5100 ** </span>
5101 **
5102 ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5103 ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5104 **
5105 ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5106 ** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5107 ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5108 ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5109 ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5110 ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5111 ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5112 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5113 ** callbacks.
5114 **
5115 ** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5116 ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5117 ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5118 ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5119 ** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5120 ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5121 ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5122 ** of aggregate window functions are
5123 ** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5124 **
5125 ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5126 ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5127 ** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5128 ** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5129 ** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5130 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5131 ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5132 ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5133 **
5134 ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5135 ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5136 ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5137 ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5138 ** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5139 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5140 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5141 ** matches the database encoding is a better
5142 ** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5143 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5144 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5145 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5146 **
5147 ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5148 **
5149 ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5150 ** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5151 ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5152 ** statement in which the function is running.
5153 */
5154 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
5155   sqlite3 *db,
5156   const char *zFunctionName,
5157   int nArg,
5158   int eTextRep,
5159   void *pApp,
5160   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5161   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5162   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5163 );
5164 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
5165   sqlite3 *db,
5166   const void *zFunctionName,
5167   int nArg,
5168   int eTextRep,
5169   void *pApp,
5170   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5171   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5172   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5173 );
5174 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5175   sqlite3 *db,
5176   const char *zFunctionName,
5177   int nArg,
5178   int eTextRep,
5179   void *pApp,
5180   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5181   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5182   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5183   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5184 );
5185 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5186   sqlite3 *db,
5187   const char *zFunctionName,
5188   int nArg,
5189   int eTextRep,
5190   void *pApp,
5191   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5192   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5193   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5194   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5195   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5196 );
5197 
5198 /*
5199 ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5200 **
5201 ** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5202 ** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5203 */
5204 #define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5205 #define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5206 #define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5207 #define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5208 #define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5209 #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5210 
5211 /*
5212 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5213 **
5214 ** These constants may be ORed together with the
5215 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5216 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5217 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5218 **
5219 ** <dl>
5220 ** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5221 ** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5222 ** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5223 ** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5224 ** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5225 ** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5226 ** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5227 ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5228 ** out of inner loops.
5229 ** </dd>
5230 **
5231 ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5232 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5233 ** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5234 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5235 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5236 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5237 ** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5238 ** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5239 ** information.
5240 ** </dd>
5241 **
5242 ** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5243 ** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5244 ** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5245 ** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5246 ** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5247 ** innocuous function.
5248 ** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5249 ** side effects.
5250 ** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5251 ** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5252 ** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5253 ** <p>Some heightened security settings
5254 ** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5255 ** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5256 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5257 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5258 ** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5259 ** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5260 ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5261 ** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5262 ** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5263 ** </dd>
5264 **
5265 ** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5266 ** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5267 ** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5268 ** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5269 ** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5270 ** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5271 ** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5272 ** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5273 ** </dd>
5274 ** </dl>
5275 */
5276 #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5277 #define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5278 #define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5279 #define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5280 
5281 /*
5282 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5283 ** DEPRECATED
5284 **
5285 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5286 ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5287 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5288 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5289 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5290 */
5291 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5292 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5293 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5294 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5295 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5296 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5297 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5298                       void*,sqlite3_int64);
5299 #endif
5300 
5301 /*
5302 ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5303 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5304 **
5305 ** <b>Summary:</b>
5306 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5307 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5308 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5309 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5310 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5311 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5312 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5313 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5314 ** the native byteorder
5315 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5316 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5317 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5318 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5319 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5320 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5321 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5322 ** TEXT in bytes
5323 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5324 ** datatype of the value
5325 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5326 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5327 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5328 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5329 ** against a virtual table.
5330 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5331 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5332 ** </table></blockquote>
5333 **
5334 ** <b>Details:</b>
5335 **
5336 ** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5337 ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5338 ** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5339 ** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5340 **
5341 ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5342 ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5343 ** is not threadsafe.
5344 **
5345 ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5346 ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5347 ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5348 **
5349 ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5350 ** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5351 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5352 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5353 **
5354 ** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5355 ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5356 ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5357 ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5358 ** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5359 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5360 **
5361 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5362 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5363 ** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5364 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5365 ** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5366 ** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5367 ** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5368 ** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5369 ** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5370 ** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5371 **
5372 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5373 ** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5374 ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5375 ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5376 ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5377 ** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5378 ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5379 **
5380 ** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5381 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5382 ** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5383 ** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5384 ** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5385 ** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5386 ** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5387 ** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5388 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5389 ** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5390 ** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5391 ** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5392 **
5393 ** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5394 ** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5395 ** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5396 ** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5397 **
5398 ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5399 ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5400 ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5401 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5402 ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5403 **
5404 ** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5405 ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5406 **
5407 ** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5408 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5409 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5410 ** errors:
5411 **
5412 ** <ul>
5413 ** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5414 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5415 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5416 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5417 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5418 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5419 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5420 ** </ul>
5421 **
5422 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5423 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5424 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5425 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5426 ** return value is obtained and before any
5427 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5428 */
5429 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5430 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5431 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5432 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5433 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5434 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5435 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5436 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5437 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5438 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5439 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5440 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5441 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5442 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5443 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5444 
5445 /*
5446 ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5447 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5448 **
5449 ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5450 ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5451 ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5452 ** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5453 ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5454 */
5455 SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5456 
5457 /*
5458 ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5459 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5460 **
5461 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5462 ** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5463 ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5464 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5465 ** memory allocation fails.
5466 **
5467 ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5468 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5469 ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5470 */
5471 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5472 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5473 
5474 /*
5475 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5476 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5477 **
5478 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5479 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5480 **
5481 ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5482 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5483 ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5484 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5485 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5486 ** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5487 ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5488 ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5489 ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5490 ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5491 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5492 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
5493 **
5494 ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5495 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5496 ** allocate error occurs.
5497 **
5498 ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5499 ** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5500 ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5501 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5502 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5503 ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5504 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
5505 **
5506 ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5507 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5508 **
5509 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5510 ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5511 ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5512 ** function.
5513 **
5514 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5515 ** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5516 */
5517 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5518 
5519 /*
5520 ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5521 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5522 **
5523 ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5524 ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5525 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5526 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5527 ** registered the application defined function.
5528 **
5529 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5530 ** the application-defined function is running.
5531 */
5532 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5533 
5534 /*
5535 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5536 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5537 **
5538 ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5539 ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5540 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5541 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5542 ** registered the application defined function.
5543 */
5544 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5545 
5546 /*
5547 ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5548 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5549 **
5550 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5551 ** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5552 ** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5553 ** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5554 ** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5555 ** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5556 ** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5557 ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5558 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5559 ** invocations of the same function.
5560 **
5561 ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5562 ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5563 ** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5564 ** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5565 ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5566 ** returns a NULL pointer.
5567 **
5568 ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5569 ** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5570 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5571 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5572 ** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5573 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5574 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5575 ** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5576 ** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5577 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5578 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5579 **      SQL statement)^, or
5580 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5581 **       parameter)^, or
5582 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5583 **      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5584 **
5585 ** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5586 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5587 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5588 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5589 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5590 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5591 **
5592 ** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5593 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5594 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5595 **
5596 ** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5597 ** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5598 ** kinds of function caching behavior.
5599 **
5600 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5601 ** the SQL function is running.
5602 */
5603 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5604 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5605 
5606 
5607 /*
5608 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5609 **
5610 ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5611 ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5612 ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5613 ** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5614 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5615 ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5616 ** the content before returning.
5617 **
5618 ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5619 ** C++ compilers.
5620 */
5621 typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5622 #define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5623 #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5624 
5625 /*
5626 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5627 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5628 **
5629 ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5630 ** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5631 ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5632 ** for additional information.
5633 **
5634 ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5635 ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5636 ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5637 **
5638 ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5639 ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5640 ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5641 ** third parameter.
5642 **
5643 ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5644 ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5645 ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5646 **
5647 ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5648 ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5649 ** by its 2nd argument.
5650 **
5651 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5652 ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5653 ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5654 ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5655 ** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5656 ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5657 ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5658 ** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5659 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5660 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5661 ** message all text up through the first zero character.
5662 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5663 ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5664 ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5665 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5666 ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5667 ** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5668 ** modify the text after they return without harm.
5669 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5670 ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5671 ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5672 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5673 **
5674 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5675 ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5676 **
5677 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5678 ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5679 **
5680 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5681 ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5682 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5683 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5684 ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5685 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5686 **
5687 ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5688 ** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5689 **
5690 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5691 ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5692 ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5693 ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5694 ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5695 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5696 ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5697 ** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5698 ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5699 ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5700 ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5701 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5702 ** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5703 ** through the first zero character.
5704 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5705 ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5706 ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5707 ** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5708 ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5709 ** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5710 ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5711 ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5712 ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5713 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5714 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5715 ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5716 ** finished using that result.
5717 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5718 ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5719 ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5720 ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5721 ** when it has finished using that result.
5722 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5723 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5724 ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5725 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5726 **
5727 ** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5728 ** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5729 ** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5730 ** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5731 ** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5732 ** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5733 ** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5734 ** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5735 ** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5736 ** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5737 ** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5738 ** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5739 **
5740 ** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5741 ** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5742 ** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5743 ** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5744 ** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5745 **
5746 ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5747 ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5748 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5749 ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5750 ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5751 ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5752 ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5753 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5754 ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5755 **
5756 ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5757 ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5758 ** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5759 ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5760 ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5761 ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5762 ** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5763 ** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5764 ** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5765 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5766 **
5767 ** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5768 ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5769 ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5770 */
5771 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5772 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5773                            sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5774 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5775 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5776 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5777 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5778 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5779 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5780 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5781 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5782 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5783 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5784 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5785                            void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5786 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5787 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5788 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5789 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5790 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5791 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5792 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5793 
5794 
5795 /*
5796 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5797 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5798 **
5799 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5800 ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5801 ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5802 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5803 ** higher order bits are discarded.
5804 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5805 ** in future releases of SQLite.
5806 */
5807 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5808 
5809 /*
5810 ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5811 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5812 **
5813 ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5814 ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5815 **
5816 ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5817 ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5818 ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5819 ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5820 ** considered to be the same name.
5821 **
5822 ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5823 ** <ul>
5824 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5825 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5826 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5827 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5828 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5829 ** </ul>)^
5830 ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5831 ** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5832 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5833 ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5834 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5835 ** on an even byte address.
5836 **
5837 ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5838 ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5839 **
5840 ** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5841 ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5842 ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5843 ** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5844 ** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5845 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5846 ** that collation is no longer usable.
5847 **
5848 ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5849 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5850 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5851 ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5852 ** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5853 ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5854 ** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5855 ** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5856 ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5857 ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5858 ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5859 ** strings A, B, and C:
5860 **
5861 ** <ol>
5862 ** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5863 ** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5864 ** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5865 ** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5866 ** </ol>
5867 **
5868 ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5869 ** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5870 ** is undefined.
5871 **
5872 ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5873 ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5874 ** the collating function is deleted.
5875 ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5876 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5877 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5878 **
5879 ** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5880 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5881 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5882 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5883 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5884 ** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5885 ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5886 ** compatibility.
5887 **
5888 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5889 */
5890 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5891   sqlite3*,
5892   const char *zName,
5893   int eTextRep,
5894   void *pArg,
5895   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5896 );
5897 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5898   sqlite3*,
5899   const char *zName,
5900   int eTextRep,
5901   void *pArg,
5902   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5903   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5904 );
5905 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5906   sqlite3*,
5907   const void *zName,
5908   int eTextRep,
5909   void *pArg,
5910   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5911 );
5912 
5913 /*
5914 ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5915 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5916 **
5917 ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5918 ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5919 ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5920 ** sequence is required.
5921 **
5922 ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5923 ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5924 ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5925 ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5926 ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5927 **
5928 ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5929 ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5930 ** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5931 ** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5932 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5933 ** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5934 ** required collation sequence.)^
5935 **
5936 ** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5937 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5938 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5939 */
5940 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5941   sqlite3*,
5942   void*,
5943   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5944 );
5945 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5946   sqlite3*,
5947   void*,
5948   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5949 );
5950 
5951 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5952 /*
5953 ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5954 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5955 */
5956 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5957   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5958 );
5959 #endif
5960 
5961 /*
5962 ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5963 **
5964 ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5965 ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5966 **
5967 ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5968 ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5969 ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5970 ** requested from the operating system is returned.
5971 **
5972 ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5973 ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5974 ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5975 ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5976 ** in the previous paragraphs.
5977 */
5978 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5979 
5980 /*
5981 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5982 **
5983 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5984 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5985 ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5986 ** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5987 ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5988 ** temporary file directory.
5989 **
5990 ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5991 ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5992 ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5993 ** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5994 ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5995 ** be avoided in new projects.
5996 **
5997 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5998 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
5999 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6000 ** thread.
6001 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6002 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6003 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6004 ** thereafter.
6005 **
6006 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6007 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6008 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6009 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6010 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6011 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6012 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6013 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6014 ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6015 ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6016 ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6017 ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6018 ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6019 ** objects have been destroyed.
6020 **
6021 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6022 ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6023 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6024 ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6025 **
6026 ** <blockquote><pre>
6027 ** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6028 ** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6029 ** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6030 ** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6031 ** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6032 ** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6033 ** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6034 ** </pre></blockquote>
6035 */
6036 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6037 
6038 /*
6039 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6040 **
6041 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6042 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6043 ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6044 ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6045 ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6046 ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6047 ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6048 ** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6049 ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6050 **
6051 ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6052 ** open can result in a corrupt database.
6053 **
6054 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6055 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6056 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6057 ** thread.
6058 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6059 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6060 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6061 ** thereafter.
6062 **
6063 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6064 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6065 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6066 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6067 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6068 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6069 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6070 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6071 ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6072 */
6073 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6074 
6075 /*
6076 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6077 **
6078 ** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6079 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6080 ** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6081 ** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6082 ** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6083 ** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6084 ** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6085 ** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6086 ** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6087 ** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6088 ** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6089 ** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6090 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6091 ** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6092 ** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6093 */
6094 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6095   unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6096   void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6097 );
6098 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6099 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6100 
6101 /*
6102 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6103 **
6104 ** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6105 ** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6106 */
6107 #define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6108 #define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6109 
6110 /*
6111 ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6112 ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6113 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6114 **
6115 ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6116 ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6117 ** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6118 ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6119 ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6120 **
6121 ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6122 ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6123 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6124 ** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6125 ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6126 ** an error is to use this function.
6127 **
6128 ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6129 ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6130 ** is undefined.
6131 */
6132 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6133 
6134 /*
6135 ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6136 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6137 **
6138 ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6139 ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6140 ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6141 ** that was the first argument
6142 ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6143 ** create the statement in the first place.
6144 */
6145 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6146 
6147 /*
6148 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6149 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6150 **
6151 ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6152 ** associated with database N of connection D.
6153 ** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6154 ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6155 ** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6156 **
6157 ** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6158 ** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6159 ** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6160 **
6161 ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6162 ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6163 ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6164 ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6165 **
6166 ** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6167 ** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6168 ** <ul>
6169 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6170 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6171 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6172 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6173 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6174 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6175 ** </ul>
6176 */
6177 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6178 
6179 /*
6180 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6181 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6182 **
6183 ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6184 ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6185 ** the name of a database on connection D.
6186 */
6187 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6188 
6189 /*
6190 ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6191 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6192 **
6193 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6194 ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6195 ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6196 ** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6197 ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6198 **
6199 ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6200 ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6201 ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6202 */
6203 SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6204 
6205 /*
6206 ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6207 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6208 **
6209 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6210 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6211 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6212 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6213 ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6214 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6215 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6216 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6217 ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6218 ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6219 ** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6220 **
6221 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6222 ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6223 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6224 ** the first call for each function on D.
6225 **
6226 ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6227 ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6228 ** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6229 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6230 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6231 ** or rollback hook in the first place.
6232 ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6233 ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6234 ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6235 **
6236 ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6237 **
6238 ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6239 ** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6240 ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6241 ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6242 ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6243 **
6244 ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6245 ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6246 ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6247 ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6248 ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6249 **
6250 ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6251 */
6252 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6253 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6254 
6255 /*
6256 ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6257 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6258 **
6259 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6260 ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6261 ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6262 ** a [rowid table].
6263 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6264 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6265 **
6266 ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6267 ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6268 ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6269 ** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6270 ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6271 ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6272 ** to be invoked.
6273 ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6274 ** database and table name containing the affected row.
6275 ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6276 ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6277 **
6278 ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6279 ** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
6280 ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6281 **
6282 ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6283 ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6284 ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6285 ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6286 ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6287 ** release of SQLite.
6288 **
6289 ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6290 ** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6291 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6292 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6293 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6294 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6295 **
6296 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6297 ** returns the P argument from the previous call
6298 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6299 ** the first call on D.
6300 **
6301 ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6302 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6303 */
6304 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6305   sqlite3*,
6306   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6307   void*
6308 );
6309 
6310 /*
6311 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6312 **
6313 ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6314 ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6315 ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6316 ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6317 **
6318 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6319 ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6320 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
6321 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6322 **
6323 ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6324 ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6325 ** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6326 ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6327 **
6328 ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6329 ** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6330 **
6331 ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6332 ** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6333 ** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6334 ** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6335 ** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6336 ** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6337 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6338 **
6339 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6340 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6341 ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6342 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6343 **
6344 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6345 ** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6346 **
6347 ** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6348 */
6349 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6350 
6351 /*
6352 ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6353 **
6354 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6355 ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6356 ** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6357 ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6358 ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6359 ** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6360 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6361 ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6362 **
6363 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6364 */
6365 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6366 
6367 /*
6368 ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6369 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6370 **
6371 ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6372 ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6373 ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6374 ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6375 ** omitted.
6376 **
6377 ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6378 */
6379 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6380 
6381 /*
6382 ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6383 **
6384 ** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6385 ** by all database connections within a single process.
6386 **
6387 ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6388 ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6389 ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6390 ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6391 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6392 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6393 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6394 ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6395 ** is advisory only.
6396 **
6397 ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6398 ** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6399 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6400 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6401 ** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6402 **
6403 ** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6404 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6405 ** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6406 ** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6407 ** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6408 ** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6409 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6410 **
6411 ** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6412 **
6413 ** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6414 ** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6415 ** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6416 ** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6417 ** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6418 ** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6419 ** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6420 ** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6421 ** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6422 ** hard heap limit.
6423 **
6424 ** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6425 ** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6426 **
6427 ** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6428 ** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6429 **
6430 ** <ul>
6431 ** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6432 ** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6433 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6434 **      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6435 ** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6436 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6437 ** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6438 **      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6439 **      from the heap.
6440 ** </ul>)^
6441 **
6442 ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6443 ** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6444 */
6445 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6446 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6447 
6448 /*
6449 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6450 ** DEPRECATED
6451 **
6452 ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6453 ** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6454 ** only.  All new applications should use the
6455 ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6456 */
6457 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6458 
6459 
6460 /*
6461 ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6462 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6463 **
6464 ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6465 ** information about column C of table T in database D
6466 ** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6467 ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6468 ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6469 ** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6470 ** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6471 ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6472 ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6473 ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6474 ** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6475 ** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6476 ** undefined behavior.
6477 **
6478 ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6479 ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6480 ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6481 ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6482 ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6483 ** resolve unqualified table references.
6484 **
6485 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6486 ** name of the desired column, respectively.
6487 **
6488 ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6489 ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6490 ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6491 **
6492 ** ^(<blockquote>
6493 ** <table border="1">
6494 ** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6495 **
6496 ** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6497 ** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6498 ** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6499 ** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6500 ** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6501 ** </table>
6502 ** </blockquote>)^
6503 **
6504 ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6505 ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6506 ** call to any SQLite API function.
6507 **
6508 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6509 **
6510 ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6511 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6512 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6513 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6514 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6515 ** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6516 **
6517 ** <pre>
6518 **     data type: "INTEGER"
6519 **     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6520 **     not null: 0
6521 **     primary key: 1
6522 **     auto increment: 0
6523 ** </pre>)^
6524 **
6525 ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6526 ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6527 ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6528 */
6529 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6530   sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6531   const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6532   const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6533   const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6534   char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6535   char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6536   int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6537   int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6538   int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6539 );
6540 
6541 /*
6542 ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6543 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6544 **
6545 ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6546 **
6547 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6548 ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6549 ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6550 ** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6551 ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6552 ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6553 ** be tried also.
6554 **
6555 ** ^The entry point is zProc.
6556 ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6557 ** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6558 ** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6559 ** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6560 ** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6561 ** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6562 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6563 ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6564 ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6565 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6566 ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6567 ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6568 ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6569 **
6570 ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6571 ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6572 ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6573 ** prior to calling this API,
6574 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
6575 **
6576 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6577 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6578 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6579 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6580 ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6581 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6582 **
6583 ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6584 */
6585 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
6586   sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6587   const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6588   const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6589   char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6590 );
6591 
6592 /*
6593 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6594 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6595 **
6596 ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6597 ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6598 ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6599 ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6600 **
6601 ** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6602 ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6603 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6604 ** it back off again.
6605 **
6606 ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6607 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6608 ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6609 ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6610 **
6611 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6612 ** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6613 ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6614 ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6615 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6616 */
6617 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6618 
6619 /*
6620 ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6621 **
6622 ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6623 ** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6624 ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6625 ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6626 **
6627 ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6628 ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6629 ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6630 ** entry point where as follows:
6631 **
6632 ** <blockquote><pre>
6633 ** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6634 ** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6635 ** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6636 ** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6637 ** &nbsp;  );
6638 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
6639 **
6640 ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6641 ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6642 ** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6643 ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6644 ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6645 ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6646 ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6647 **
6648 ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6649 ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6650 ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6651 **
6652 ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6653 ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6654 */
6655 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6656 
6657 /*
6658 ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6659 **
6660 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6661 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6662 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6663 ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6664 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6665 ** routines.
6666 */
6667 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6668 
6669 /*
6670 ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6671 **
6672 ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6673 ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6674 */
6675 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6676 
6677 /*
6678 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6679 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6680 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6681 **
6682 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6683 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6684 */
6685 
6686 /*
6687 ** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6688 */
6689 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6690 typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6691 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6692 typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6693 
6694 /*
6695 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6696 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6697 **
6698 ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6699 ** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6700 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6701 **
6702 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6703 ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6704 ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6705 ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6706 ** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6707 ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6708 ** any database connection.
6709 */
6710 struct sqlite3_module {
6711   int iVersion;
6712   int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6713                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6714                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6715   int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6716                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6717                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6718   int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6719   int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6720   int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6721   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6722   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6723   int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6724                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6725   int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6726   int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6727   int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6728   int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6729   int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6730   int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6731   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6732   int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6733   int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6734   int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6735                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6736                        void **ppArg);
6737   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6738   /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6739   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6740   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6741   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6742   int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6743   /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6744   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6745   int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6746 };
6747 
6748 /*
6749 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6750 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6751 **
6752 ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6753 ** of the [virtual table] interface to
6754 ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6755 ** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6756 ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6757 ** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6758 **
6759 ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6760 **
6761 ** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6762 **
6763 ** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6764 ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6765 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6766 ** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6767 ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6768 ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6769 ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6770 **
6771 ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6772 ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6773 ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6774 ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6775 ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6776 **
6777 ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6778 ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6779 **
6780 ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6781 ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6782 ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6783 ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6784 ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6785 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6786 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6787 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6788 ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6789 ** non-zero.
6790 **
6791 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6792 ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6793 ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6794 ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6795 ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6796 ** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6797 ** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6798 ** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6799 ** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6800 ** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6801 ** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6802 ** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6803 **
6804 ** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6805 ** [xFilter] method.
6806 ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6807 ** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6808 **
6809 ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6810 ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6811 ** sorting step is required.
6812 **
6813 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6814 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6815 ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6816 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6817 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6818 **
6819 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6820 ** will be returned by the strategy.
6821 **
6822 ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6823 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6824 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6825 ** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6826 **
6827 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6828 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6829 ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6830 ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6831 ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6832 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6833 ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6834 ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6835 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6836 **
6837 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6838 ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6839 ** If a virtual table extension is
6840 ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6841 ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6842 ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6843 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6844 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6845 ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6846 ** It may therefore only be used if
6847 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6848 ** 3009000.
6849 */
6850 struct sqlite3_index_info {
6851   /* Inputs */
6852   int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6853   struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6854      int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6855      unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6856      unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6857      int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6858   } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6859   int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6860   struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6861      int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6862      unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6863   } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6864   /* Outputs */
6865   struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6866     int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6867     unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6868   } *aConstraintUsage;
6869   int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6870   char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6871   int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6872   int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6873   double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6874   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6875   sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6876   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6877   int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6878   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6879   sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6880 };
6881 
6882 /*
6883 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6884 **
6885 ** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6886 ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6887 ** these bits.
6888 */
6889 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6890 
6891 /*
6892 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6893 **
6894 ** These macros define the allowed values for the
6895 ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6896 ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6897 ** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6898 */
6899 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6900 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6901 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6902 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6903 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6904 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6905 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6906 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6907 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6908 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6909 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6910 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6911 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6912 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6913 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
6914 
6915 /*
6916 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6917 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6918 **
6919 ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6920 ** ^Module names must be registered before
6921 ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6922 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6923 **
6924 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6925 ** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6926 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6927 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6928 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6929 ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6930 ** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6931 **
6932 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6933 ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6934 ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6935 ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6936 ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6937 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6938 ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6939 ** destructor.
6940 **
6941 ** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
6942 ** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
6943 ** same name are dropped.
6944 **
6945 ** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
6946 */
6947 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
6948   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6949   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6950   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6951   void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6952 );
6953 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
6954   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
6955   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
6956   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
6957   void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
6958   void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
6959 );
6960 
6961 /*
6962 ** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
6963 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6964 **
6965 ** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
6966 ** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
6967 ** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
6968 ** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
6969 ** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
6970 **
6971 ** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
6972 */
6973 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_drop_modules(
6974   sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
6975   const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
6976 );
6977 
6978 /*
6979 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
6980 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
6981 **
6982 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
6983 ** of this object to describe a particular instance
6984 ** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
6985 ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
6986 ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
6987 ** common to all module implementations.
6988 **
6989 ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
6990 ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
6991 ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
6992 ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
6993 ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
6994 ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
6995 */
6996 struct sqlite3_vtab {
6997   const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
6998   int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
6999   char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
7000   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7001 };
7002 
7003 /*
7004 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7005 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7006 **
7007 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7008 ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7009 ** [virtual table] and are used
7010 ** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7011 ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7012 ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7013 ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7014 ** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7015 ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7016 **
7017 ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7018 ** are common to all implementations.
7019 */
7020 struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7021   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7022   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7023 };
7024 
7025 /*
7026 ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7027 **
7028 ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7029 ** [virtual table module] call this interface
7030 ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7031 ** the virtual tables they implement.
7032 */
7033 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7034 
7035 /*
7036 ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7037 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7038 **
7039 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7040 ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7041 ** But global versions of those functions
7042 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7043 **
7044 ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7045 ** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7046 ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7047 ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7048 ** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7049 ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7050 ** by a [virtual table].
7051 */
7052 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7053 
7054 /*
7055 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7056 ** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7057 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7058 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7059 **
7060 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7061 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7062 */
7063 
7064 /*
7065 ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7066 ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7067 **
7068 ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7069 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7070 ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7071 ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7072 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7073 ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7074 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7075 */
7076 typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7077 
7078 /*
7079 ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7080 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7081 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7082 **
7083 ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7084 ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7085 ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7086 **
7087 ** <pre>
7088 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7089 ** </pre>)^
7090 **
7091 ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7092 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7093 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7094 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7095 ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7096 **
7097 ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7098 ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7099 ** read-only access.
7100 **
7101 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7102 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7103 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7104 ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7105 ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7106 **
7107 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7108 ** <ul>
7109 **   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7110 **   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7111 **   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7112 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7113 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7114 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7115 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7116 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7117 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7118 **   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7119 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7120 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
7121 ** </ul>
7122 **
7123 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7124 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7125 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7126 **
7127 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7128 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7129 ** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7130 ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7131 ** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7132 ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7133 **
7134 ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7135 ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7136 ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7137 ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7138 ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7139 ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7140 ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7141 ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7142 ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7143 ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7144 **
7145 ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7146 ** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7147 ** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7148 ** blob.
7149 **
7150 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7151 ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7152 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7153 **
7154 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7155 ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7156 **
7157 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7158 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7159 ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7160 */
7161 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
7162   sqlite3*,
7163   const char *zDb,
7164   const char *zTable,
7165   const char *zColumn,
7166   sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7167   int flags,
7168   sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7169 );
7170 
7171 /*
7172 ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7173 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7174 **
7175 ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7176 ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7177 ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7178 ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7179 ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7180 ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7181 **
7182 ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7183 ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7184 ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7185 ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7186 ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7187 ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7188 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7189 ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7190 ** always returns zero.
7191 **
7192 ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7193 */
7194 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7195 
7196 /*
7197 ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7198 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7199 **
7200 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7201 ** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7202 ** handle is still closed.)^
7203 **
7204 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7205 ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7206 ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7207 ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7208 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7209 **
7210 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7211 ** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7212 ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7213 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7214 ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7215 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7216 */
7217 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7218 
7219 /*
7220 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7221 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7222 **
7223 ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7224 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7225 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7226 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7227 **
7228 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7229 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7230 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7231 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7232 */
7233 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7234 
7235 /*
7236 ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7237 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7238 **
7239 ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7240 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7241 ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7242 **
7243 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7244 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7245 ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7246 ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7247 ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7248 **
7249 ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7250 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7251 **
7252 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7253 ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7254 **
7255 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7256 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7257 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7258 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7259 **
7260 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7261 */
7262 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7263 
7264 /*
7265 ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7266 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7267 **
7268 ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7269 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7270 ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7271 **
7272 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7273 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7274 ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7275 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7276 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7277 **
7278 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7279 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7280 ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7281 **
7282 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7283 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7284 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7285 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7286 ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7287 ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7288 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7289 **
7290 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7291 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7292 ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7293 ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7294 ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7295 ** or by other independent statements.
7296 **
7297 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7298 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7299 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7300 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7301 **
7302 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7303 */
7304 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7305 
7306 /*
7307 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7308 **
7309 ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7310 ** that SQLite uses to interact
7311 ** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7312 ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7313 ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7314 ** The following interfaces are provided.
7315 **
7316 ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7317 ** ^Names are case sensitive.
7318 ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7319 ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7320 ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7321 **
7322 ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7323 ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7324 ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7325 ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7326 ** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7327 ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7328 ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7329 ** then the behavior is undefined.
7330 **
7331 ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7332 ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7333 ** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7334 */
7335 SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7336 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7337 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7338 
7339 /*
7340 ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7341 **
7342 ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7343 ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7344 ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7345 ** permitted to use any of these routines.
7346 **
7347 ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7348 ** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7349 ** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7350 ** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7351 **
7352 ** <ul>
7353 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7354 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7355 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7356 ** </ul>
7357 **
7358 ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7359 ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7360 ** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7361 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7362 ** and Windows.
7363 **
7364 ** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7365 ** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7366 ** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7367 ** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7368 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7369 ** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7370 ** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7371 **
7372 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7373 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7374 ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7375 ** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7376 ** integer constants:
7377 **
7378 ** <ul>
7379 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7380 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7381 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
7382 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7383 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7384 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7385 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7386 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7387 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7388 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7389 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7390 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7391 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7392 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7393 ** </ul>
7394 **
7395 ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7396 ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7397 ** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7398 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7399 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7400 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7401 ** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7402 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7403 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7404 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7405 **
7406 ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7407 ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7408 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7409 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7410 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7411 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7412 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7413 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7414 **
7415 ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7416 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7417 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7418 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7419 ** the same type number.
7420 **
7421 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7422 ** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7423 ** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7424 **
7425 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7426 ** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7427 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7428 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7429 ** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7430 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7431 ** In such cases, the
7432 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7433 ** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7434 ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7435 **
7436 ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7437 ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7438 ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7439 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7440 ** behavior.)^
7441 **
7442 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7443 ** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7444 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7445 ** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7446 **
7447 ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7448 ** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7449 ** behave as no-ops.
7450 **
7451 ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7452 */
7453 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7454 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7455 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7456 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7457 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7458 
7459 /*
7460 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7461 **
7462 ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7463 ** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7464 **
7465 ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7466 ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7467 ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7468 ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7469 ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7470 ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7471 ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7472 ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7473 ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7474 **
7475 ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7476 ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7477 ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7478 ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7479 **
7480 ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7481 ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7482 ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7483 ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7484 ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7485 ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7486 **
7487 ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7488 ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7489 ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7490 **
7491 ** <ul>
7492 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7493 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7494 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7495 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7496 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7497 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7498 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7499 ** </ul>)^
7500 **
7501 ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7502 ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7503 ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7504 ** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7505 ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7506 ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7507 ** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7508 **
7509 ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7510 ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7511 ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7512 ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7513 **
7514 ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7515 ** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7516 ** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7517 ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7518 **
7519 ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7520 ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7521 ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7522 ** prior to returning.
7523 */
7524 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7525 struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7526   int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7527   int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7528   sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7529   void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7530   void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7531   int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7532   void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7533   int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7534   int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7535 };
7536 
7537 /*
7538 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7539 **
7540 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7541 ** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7542 ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7543 ** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7544 ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7545 ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7546 ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7547 ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7548 **
7549 ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7550 ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7551 **
7552 ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7553 ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7554 ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7555 ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7556 **
7557 ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7558 ** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7559 ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7560 ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7561 ** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7562 ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7563 ** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7564 ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7565 */
7566 #ifndef NDEBUG
7567 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7568 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7569 #endif
7570 
7571 /*
7572 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7573 **
7574 ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7575 ** which is one of these integer constants.
7576 **
7577 ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7578 ** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7579 ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7580 */
7581 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7582 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7583 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
7584 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7585 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7586 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7587 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7588 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7589 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7590 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7591 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7592 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7593 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7594 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7595 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7596 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7597 
7598 /* Legacy compatibility: */
7599 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7600 
7601 
7602 /*
7603 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7604 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7605 **
7606 ** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7607 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7608 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7609 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7610 ** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7611 */
7612 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7613 
7614 /*
7615 ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7616 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7617 ** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7618 **
7619 ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7620 ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7621 ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7622 ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7623 ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7624 ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7625 ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7626 ** main database file.
7627 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7628 ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7629 ** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7630 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7631 **
7632 ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7633 ** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7634 ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7635 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7636 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7637 ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7638 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7639 ** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7640 ** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7641 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7642 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7643 ** from the pager.
7644 **
7645 ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7646 ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7647 ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7648 ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7649 ** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7650 ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7651 ** xFileControl method.
7652 **
7653 ** See also: [file control opcodes]
7654 */
7655 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7656 
7657 /*
7658 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7659 **
7660 ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7661 ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7662 ** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7663 ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7664 **
7665 ** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7666 ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7667 ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7668 **
7669 ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7670 ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7671 ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7672 ** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7673 */
7674 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7675 
7676 /*
7677 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7678 **
7679 ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7680 ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7681 **
7682 ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7683 ** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7684 ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7685 ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7686 */
7687 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7688 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7689 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7690 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7691 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7692 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7693 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7694 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7695 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7696 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7697 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7698 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7699 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7700 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7701 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7702 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7703 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7704 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7705 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7706 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7707 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7708 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7709 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7710 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7711 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7712 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7713 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7714 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7715 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    29  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7716 
7717 /*
7718 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7719 **
7720 ** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7721 ** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7722 ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7723 ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7724 **
7725 ** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7726 ** keywords understood by SQLite.
7727 **
7728 ** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7729 ** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7730 ** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7731 ** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7732 ** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7733 ** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7734 ** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7735 **
7736 ** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7737 ** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7738 ** if it is and zero if not.
7739 **
7740 ** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7741 ** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7742 ** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7743 ** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7744 ** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7745 ** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7746 ** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7747 ** name collisions include:
7748 ** <ul>
7749 ** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7750 **      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7751 ** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7752 **      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7753 **      technique.
7754 ** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7755 **      with "Z".
7756 ** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7757 ** </ul>
7758 **
7759 ** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7760 ** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7761 ** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7762 ** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7763 */
7764 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7765 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7766 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7767 
7768 /*
7769 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7770 ** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7771 **
7772 ** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7773 ** string under construction.
7774 **
7775 ** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7776 ** <ol>
7777 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7778 ** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7779 ** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7780 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7781 ** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7782 ** </ol>
7783 */
7784 typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7785 
7786 /*
7787 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7788 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7789 **
7790 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7791 ** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7792 ** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7793 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7794 **
7795 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7796 ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7797 ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7798 ** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7799 ** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7800 ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7801 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7802 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7803 ** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7804 **
7805 ** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7806 ** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7807 ** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7808 ** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7809 ** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7810 */
7811 SQLITE_API sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7812 
7813 /*
7814 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7815 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7816 **
7817 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7818 ** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7819 ** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7820 ** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7821 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7822 ** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7823 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7824 ** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7825 */
7826 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7827 
7828 /*
7829 ** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7830 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7831 **
7832 ** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7833 ** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7834 **
7835 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7836 ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7837 ** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7838 ** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7839 **
7840 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7841 ** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7842 ** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7843 ** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7844 ** method instead.
7845 **
7846 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7847 ** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7848 **
7849 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7850 ** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7851 ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7852 **
7853 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7854 ** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7855 **
7856 ** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7857 ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7858 ** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7859 */
7860 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7861 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7862 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7863 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7864 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7865 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7866 
7867 /*
7868 ** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7869 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7870 **
7871 ** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7872 **
7873 ** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7874 ** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7875 ** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7876 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7877 ** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7878 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7879 **
7880 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7881 ** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7882 ** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7883 ** zero-termination byte.
7884 **
7885 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7886 ** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7887 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7888 ** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7889 ** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7890 ** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7891 ** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7892 ** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7893 ** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7894 ** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7895 */
7896 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7897 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7898 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7899 
7900 /*
7901 ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7902 **
7903 ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7904 ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7905 ** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7906 ** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7907 ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7908 ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7909 ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7910 ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7911 ** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7912 ** value.  For those parameters
7913 ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
7914 ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
7915 ** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
7916 **
7917 ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
7918 ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
7919 **
7920 ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
7921 ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
7922 ** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
7923 **
7924 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
7925 */
7926 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
7927 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
7928   int op,
7929   sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
7930   sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
7931   int resetFlag
7932 );
7933 
7934 
7935 /*
7936 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
7937 ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
7938 **
7939 ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
7940 ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
7941 **
7942 ** <dl>
7943 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
7944 ** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
7945 ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
7946 ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
7947 ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
7948 ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
7949 ** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
7950 ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
7951 **
7952 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
7953 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7954 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
7955 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
7956 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7957 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7958 **
7959 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
7960 ** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
7961 ** currently checked out.</dd>)^
7962 **
7963 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
7964 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
7965 ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
7966 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
7967 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
7968 **
7969 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
7970 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
7971 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
7972 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
7973 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
7974 ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
7975 ** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
7976 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
7977 ** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
7978 **
7979 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
7980 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
7981 ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
7982 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
7983 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
7984 **
7985 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
7986 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7987 **
7988 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
7989 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7990 **
7991 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
7992 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
7993 **
7994 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
7995 ** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
7996 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
7997 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
7998 ** </dl>
7999 **
8000 ** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
8001 */
8002 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
8003 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
8004 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
8005 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8006 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8007 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8008 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8009 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8010 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8011 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8012 
8013 /*
8014 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8015 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8016 **
8017 ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8018 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8019 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8020 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8021 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8022 ** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8023 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8024 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8025 **
8026 ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8027 ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8028 ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8029 ** reset back down to the current value.
8030 **
8031 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8032 ** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8033 **
8034 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8035 */
8036 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8037 
8038 /*
8039 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8040 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8041 **
8042 ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8043 ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8044 **
8045 ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8046 ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8047 ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8048 ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8049 ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8050 **
8051 ** <dl>
8052 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8053 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8054 ** checked out.</dd>)^
8055 **
8056 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8057 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8058 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8059 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8060 **
8061 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8062 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8063 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8064 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8065 ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8066 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8067 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8068 **
8069 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8070 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8071 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8072 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8073 ** memory already being in use.
8074 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8075 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8076 **
8077 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8078 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8079 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8080 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8081 **
8082 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8083 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8084 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8085 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8086 ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8087 ** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8088 ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8089 ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8090 ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8091 ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8092 ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8093 **
8094 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8095 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8096 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8097 ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8098 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8099 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8100 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8101 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8102 **
8103 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8104 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8105 ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8106 ** the database connection.)^
8107 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8108 ** </dd>
8109 **
8110 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8111 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8112 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8113 ** is always 0.
8114 ** </dd>
8115 **
8116 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8117 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8118 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8119 ** is always 0.
8120 ** </dd>
8121 **
8122 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8123 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8124 ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8125 ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8126 ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8127 ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8128 ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8129 ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8130 ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8131 ** </dd>
8132 **
8133 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8134 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8135 ** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8136 ** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8137 ** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8138 ** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8139 ** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8140 ** </dd>
8141 **
8142 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8143 ** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8144 ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8145 ** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8146 ** </dd>
8147 ** </dl>
8148 */
8149 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8150 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8151 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8152 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8153 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8154 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8155 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8156 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8157 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8158 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8159 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8160 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8161 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8162 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8163 
8164 
8165 /*
8166 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8167 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8168 **
8169 ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8170 ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8171 ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8172 ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8173 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8174 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8175 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8176 ** an index.
8177 **
8178 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8179 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8180 ** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8181 ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8182 ** to be interrogated.)^
8183 ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8184 ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8185 ** interface call returns.
8186 **
8187 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8188 */
8189 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8190 
8191 /*
8192 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8193 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8194 **
8195 ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8196 ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8197 ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8198 **
8199 ** <dl>
8200 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8201 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8202 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8203 ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8204 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
8205 **
8206 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8207 ** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8208 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8209 ** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8210 **
8211 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8212 ** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8213 ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8214 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8215 ** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8216 ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8217 **
8218 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8219 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8220 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8221 ** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8222 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8223 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8224 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8225 **
8226 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8227 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8228 ** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8229 ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8230 **
8231 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8232 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8233 ** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8234 ** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8235 ** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8236 ** cycle.
8237 **
8238 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8239 ** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8240 ** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8241 ** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8242 ** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8243 ** </dd>
8244 ** </dl>
8245 */
8246 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8247 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8248 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8249 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8250 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8251 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8252 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8253 
8254 /*
8255 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8256 **
8257 ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8258 ** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8259 ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8260 ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8261 ** to the object.
8262 **
8263 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8264 */
8265 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8266 
8267 /*
8268 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8269 **
8270 ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8271 ** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8272 ** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8273 ** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8274 **
8275 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8276 */
8277 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8278 struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8279   void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8280   void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8281 };
8282 
8283 /*
8284 ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8285 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8286 **
8287 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8288 ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8289 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8290 ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8291 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8292 ** By implementing a
8293 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8294 ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8295 ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8296 ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8297 ** how long.
8298 **
8299 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8300 ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8301 ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8302 **
8303 ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8304 ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8305 ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8306 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8307 **
8308 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8309 ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8310 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8311 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8312 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8313 ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8314 ** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8315 ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8316 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8317 ** page cache.)^
8318 **
8319 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8320 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8321 ** It can be used to clean up
8322 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8323 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8324 **
8325 ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8326 ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8327 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8328 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8329 ** in multithreaded applications.
8330 **
8331 ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8332 ** call to xShutdown().
8333 **
8334 ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8335 ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8336 ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8337 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8338 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8339 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8340 ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8341 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8342 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8343 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8344 ** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8345 ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8346 ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8347 ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8348 ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8349 ** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8350 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8351 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8352 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8353 ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8354 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8355 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
8356 **
8357 ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8358 ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8359 ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8360 ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8361 ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8362 ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8363 ** value; it is advisory only.
8364 **
8365 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8366 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8367 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8368 **
8369 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8370 ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8371 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8372 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8373 ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8374 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8375 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8376 ** for each entry in the page cache.
8377 **
8378 ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8379 ** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8380 ** to be "pinned".
8381 **
8382 ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8383 ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8384 ** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8385 ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8386 ** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8387 **
8388 ** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8389 ** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8390 ** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8391 ** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8392 **                 Otherwise return NULL.
8393 ** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8394 **                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8395 ** </table>
8396 **
8397 ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8398 ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8399 ** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8400 ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8401 ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8402 **
8403 ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8404 ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8405 ** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8406 ** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8407 ** ^If the discard parameter is
8408 ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8409 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8410 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8411 **
8412 ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8413 ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8414 ** to xFetch().
8415 **
8416 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8417 ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8418 ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8419 ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8420 ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8421 ** to be pinned.
8422 **
8423 ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8424 ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8425 ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8426 ** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8427 ** they can be safely discarded.
8428 **
8429 ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8430 ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8431 ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8432 ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8433 ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8434 ** functions.
8435 **
8436 ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8437 ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8438 ** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8439 ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8440 ** do their best.
8441 */
8442 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8443 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8444   int iVersion;
8445   void *pArg;
8446   int (*xInit)(void*);
8447   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8448   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8449   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8450   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8451   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8452   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8453   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8454       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8455   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8456   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8457   void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8458 };
8459 
8460 /*
8461 ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8462 ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8463 ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8464 */
8465 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8466 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8467   void *pArg;
8468   int (*xInit)(void*);
8469   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8470   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8471   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8472   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8473   void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8474   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8475   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8476   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8477   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8478 };
8479 
8480 
8481 /*
8482 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8483 **
8484 ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8485 ** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8486 ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8487 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8488 **
8489 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8490 */
8491 typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8492 
8493 /*
8494 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8495 **
8496 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8497 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8498 ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8499 **
8500 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8501 **
8502 ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8503 ** for the duration of the backup operation.
8504 ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8505 ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8506 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8507 ** preventing other database connections from
8508 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8509 **
8510 ** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8511 **   <ol>
8512 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8513 **         backup,
8514 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8515 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
8516 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8517 **         associated with the backup operation.
8518 **   </ol>)^
8519 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8520 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8521 **
8522 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8523 **
8524 ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8525 ** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8526 ** and the database name, respectively.
8527 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8528 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8529 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8530 ** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8531 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8532 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8533 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8534 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8535 ** an error.
8536 **
8537 ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8538 ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8539 ** destination database.
8540 **
8541 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8542 ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8543 ** destination [database connection] D.
8544 ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8545 ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8546 ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8547 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8548 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8549 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8550 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8551 ** operation.
8552 **
8553 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8554 **
8555 ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8556 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8557 ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8558 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8559 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8560 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8561 ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8562 ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8563 ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8564 ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8565 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8566 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8567 **
8568 ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8569 ** <ol>
8570 ** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8571 ** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8572 ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8573 ** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8574 ** destination and source page sizes differ.
8575 ** </ol>)^
8576 **
8577 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8578 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8579 ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8580 ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8581 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8582 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8583 ** [database connection]
8584 ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8585 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8586 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8587 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8588 ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8589 ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8590 ** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8591 ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8592 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8593 **
8594 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8595 ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8596 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8597 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8598 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8599 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8600 ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8601 ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8602 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8603 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8604 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8605 ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8606 ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8607 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8608 ** updated at the same time.
8609 **
8610 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8611 **
8612 ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8613 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8614 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8615 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8616 ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8617 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8618 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8619 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8620 ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8621 **
8622 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8623 ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8624 ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8625 ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8626 ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8627 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8628 **
8629 ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8630 ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8631 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8632 **
8633 ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8634 ** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8635 **
8636 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8637 ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8638 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8639 ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8640 ** sqlite3_backup_step().
8641 ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8642 ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8643 ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8644 ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8645 ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8646 ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8647 **
8648 ** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8649 **
8650 ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8651 ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8652 ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8653 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8654 ** from within other threads.
8655 **
8656 ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8657 ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8658 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8659 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8660 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8661 ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8662 ** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8663 ** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8664 **
8665 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8666 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8667 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8668 ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8669 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8670 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8671 **
8672 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8673 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8674 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8675 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8676 ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8677 ** possible that they return invalid values.
8678 */
8679 SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8680   sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8681   const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8682   sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8683   const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8684 );
8685 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8686 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8687 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8688 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8689 
8690 /*
8691 ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8692 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8693 **
8694 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8695 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8696 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8697 ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8698 ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8699 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8700 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8701 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8702 **
8703 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8704 **
8705 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8706 ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8707 **
8708 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8709 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8710 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8711 ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8712 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8713 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8714 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8715 ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8716 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8717 ** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8718 **
8719 ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8720 ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8721 ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8722 ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8723 ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8724 **
8725 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8726 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8727 ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8728 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8729 **
8730 ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8731 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8732 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8733 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8734 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8735 ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8736 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8737 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8738 **
8739 ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8740 ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8741 ** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8742 **
8743 ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8744 ** returns SQLITE_OK.
8745 **
8746 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8747 **
8748 ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8749 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8750 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8751 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8752 ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8753 ** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8754 **
8755 ** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8756 ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8757 ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8758 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8759 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8760 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8761 ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8762 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8763 **
8764 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8765 **
8766 ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8767 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8768 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8769 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8770 ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8771 ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8772 ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8773 **
8774 ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8775 ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8776 ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8777 ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8778 ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8779 ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8780 ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8781 ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8782 ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8783 ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8784 ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8785 ** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8786 **
8787 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8788 **
8789 ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8790 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8791 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8792 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8793 ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8794 ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8795 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8796 ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8797 ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8798 **
8799 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8800 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8801 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8802 ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8803 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8804 */
8805 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8806   sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8807   void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8808   void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8809 );
8810 
8811 
8812 /*
8813 ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8814 **
8815 ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8816 ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8817 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8818 ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8819 */
8820 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8821 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8822 
8823 /*
8824 ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8825 *
8826 ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8827 ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8828 ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8829 ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8830 ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8831 ** is case sensitive.
8832 **
8833 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8834 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8835 **
8836 ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8837 */
8838 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8839 
8840 /*
8841 ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8842 *
8843 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8844 ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8845 ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8846 ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8847 ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8848 ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8849 ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8850 ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8851 ** one another.
8852 **
8853 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8854 ** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8855 **
8856 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8857 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8858 **
8859 ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8860 */
8861 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8862 
8863 /*
8864 ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8865 **
8866 ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8867 ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8868 ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8869 ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8870 **
8871 ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8872 ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8873 ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8874 ** is considered bad form.
8875 **
8876 ** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8877 **
8878 ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8879 ** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8880 ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8881 ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8882 ** buffer.
8883 */
8884 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8885 
8886 /*
8887 ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8888 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8889 **
8890 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8891 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8892 **
8893 ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8894 ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8895 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8896 **
8897 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8898 ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8899 ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8900 ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8901 ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8902 ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8903 ** including those that were just committed.
8904 **
8905 ** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8906 ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8907 ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8908 ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8909 ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8910 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8911 ** are undefined.
8912 **
8913 ** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
8914 ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
8915 ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
8916 ** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
8917 ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
8918 ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
8919 */
8920 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
8921   sqlite3*,
8922   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
8923   void*
8924 );
8925 
8926 /*
8927 ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
8928 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8929 **
8930 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
8931 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
8932 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
8933 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
8934 ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
8935 ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
8936 ** checkpoints entirely.
8937 **
8938 ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
8939 ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
8940 ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
8941 ** configured by this function.
8942 **
8943 ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
8944 ** from SQL.
8945 **
8946 ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
8947 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
8948 **
8949 ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
8950 ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
8951 ** pages.  The use of this interface
8952 ** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
8953 ** for a particular application.
8954 */
8955 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
8956 
8957 /*
8958 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8959 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8960 **
8961 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
8962 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
8963 **
8964 ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
8965 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
8966 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
8967 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
8968 ** information.
8969 **
8970 ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
8971 ** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
8972 ** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
8973 ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
8974 ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
8975 ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
8976 */
8977 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
8978 
8979 /*
8980 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
8981 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8982 **
8983 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
8984 ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
8985 ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
8986 ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
8987 **
8988 ** <dl>
8989 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
8990 **   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
8991 **   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
8992 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
8993 **   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
8994 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
8995 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
8996 **
8997 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
8998 **   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
8999 **   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
9000 **   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
9001 **   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
9002 **   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
9003 **   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
9004 **
9005 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9006 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9007 **   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9008 **   [busy-handler callback])
9009 **   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9010 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9011 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9012 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9013 **
9014 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9015 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9016 **   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9017 **   to a successful return.
9018 ** </dl>
9019 **
9020 ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9021 ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9022 ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9023 ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9024 ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9025 ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9026 ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9027 ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9028 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9029 **
9030 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9031 ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9032 ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9033 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9034 **
9035 ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9036 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9037 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9038 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9039 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9040 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9041 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9042 ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9043 ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9044 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9045 **
9046 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9047 ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9048 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9049 ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9050 ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9051 ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9052 ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9053 ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9054 ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9055 ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9056 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9057 **
9058 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9059 ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9060 ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9061 ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9062 **
9063 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9064 ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9065 ** sets the error information that is queried by
9066 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9067 **
9068 ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9069 ** from SQL.
9070 */
9071 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9072   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9073   const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9074   int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9075   int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9076   int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9077 );
9078 
9079 /*
9080 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9081 ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9082 **
9083 ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9084 ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9085 ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9086 ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9087 */
9088 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9089 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9090 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9091 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9092 
9093 /*
9094 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9095 **
9096 ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9097 ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9098 ** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9099 **
9100 ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9101 ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9102 **
9103 ** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9104 ** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9105 ** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9106 ** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9107 ** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9108 ** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9109 ** is used.
9110 */
9111 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9112 
9113 /*
9114 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9115 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9116 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9117 **
9118 ** These macros define the various options to the
9119 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9120 ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9121 **
9122 ** <dl>
9123 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9124 ** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9125 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9126 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9127 ** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9128 ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9129 ** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9130 ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9131 ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9132 ** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9133 ** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9134 **
9135 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9136 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9137 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9138 ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9139 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9140 ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9141 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9142 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9143 ** had been ABORT.
9144 **
9145 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9146 ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9147 ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9148 ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9149 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9150 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9151 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9152 ** constraint handling.
9153 ** </dd>
9154 **
9155 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9156 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9157 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9158 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9159 ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9160 ** views.
9161 ** </dd>
9162 **
9163 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9164 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9165 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9166 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9167 ** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9168 ** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9169 ** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9170 ** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9171 ** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9172 ** </dd>
9173 ** </dl>
9174 */
9175 #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9176 #define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9177 #define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9178 
9179 /*
9180 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9181 **
9182 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9183 ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9184 ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9185 ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9186 ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9187 ** [virtual table].
9188 */
9189 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9190 
9191 /*
9192 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9193 **
9194 ** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9195 ** method of a [virtual table], then it returns true if and only if the
9196 ** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9197 ** column value will not change.  Applications might use this to substitute
9198 ** a return value that is less expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9199 ** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9200 **
9201 ** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9202 ** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9203 ** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9204 ** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9205 ** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9206 ** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9207 */
9208 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9209 
9210 /*
9211 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9212 **
9213 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9214 ** method of a [virtual table].
9215 **
9216 ** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9217 ** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9218 ** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9219 ** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9220 ** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9221 ** constraint.
9222 */
9223 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9224 
9225 /*
9226 ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9227 ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9228 **
9229 ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9230 ** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9231 ** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9232 **
9233 ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9234 ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9235 ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9236 */
9237 #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9238 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9239 #define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9240 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9241 #define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9242 
9243 /*
9244 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9245 ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9246 **
9247 ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9248 ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9249 ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9250 **
9251 ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9252 ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9253 ** S is finalized.
9254 **
9255 ** <dl>
9256 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9257 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9258 ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9259 **
9260 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9261 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9262 ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9263 **
9264 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9265 ** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9266 ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9267 ** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9268 ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9269 ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9270 ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9271 **
9272 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9273 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9274 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9275 ** used for the X-th loop.
9276 **
9277 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9278 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9279 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9280 ** description for the X-th loop.
9281 **
9282 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9283 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9284 ** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9285 ** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9286 ** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9287 ** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9288 ** </dl>
9289 */
9290 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9291 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9292 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9293 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9294 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9295 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9296 
9297 /*
9298 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9299 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9300 **
9301 ** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9302 ** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9303 ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9304 ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9305 **
9306 ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9307 ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9308 ** compile-time option.
9309 **
9310 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9311 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9312 ** of this interface is undefined.
9313 ** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9314 ** the "pOut" parameter.
9315 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9316 ** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9317 ** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9318 ** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9319 ** points to is unchanged.
9320 **
9321 ** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9322 ** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9323 ** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9324 ** that pOut points to unchanged.
9325 **
9326 ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9327 */
9328 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9329   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9330   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9331   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9332   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9333 );
9334 
9335 /*
9336 ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9337 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9338 **
9339 ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9340 **
9341 ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9342 ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9343 */
9344 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9345 
9346 /*
9347 ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9348 **
9349 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9350 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9351 ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9352 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9353 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9354 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9355 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9356 ** any [attached] databases.
9357 **
9358 ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9359 ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9360 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9361 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9362 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9363 ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9364 ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9365 ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9366 **
9367 ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9368 ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9369 ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9370 **
9371 ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9372 **
9373 ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9374 ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9375 */
9376 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9377 
9378 /*
9379 ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9380 **
9381 ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9382 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9383 **
9384 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9385 ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9386 ** on a database table.
9387 ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9388 ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9389 ** the previous setting.
9390 ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9391 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9392 ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9393 ** the first parameter to callbacks.
9394 **
9395 ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9396 ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9397 ** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
9398 **
9399 ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9400 ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9401 ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9402 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9403 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9404 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9405 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9406 ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9407 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9408 ** databases.)^
9409 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9410 ** table that is being modified.
9411 **
9412 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9413 ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9414 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9415 ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9416 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9417 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9418 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9419 ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9420 ** INSERT operations on rowid tables.
9421 **
9422 ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9423 ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9424 ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9425 ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9426 ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9427 ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9428 ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9429 ** behavior.
9430 **
9431 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9432 ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9433 **
9434 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9435 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9436 ** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9437 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9438 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9439 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9440 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9441 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9442 **
9443 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9444 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9445 ** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9446 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9447 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9448 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9449 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9450 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9451 **
9452 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9453 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9454 ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9455 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9456 ** triggers; and so forth.
9457 **
9458 ** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9459 */
9460 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9461 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9462   sqlite3 *db,
9463   void(*xPreUpdate)(
9464     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9465     sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9466     int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9467     char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9468     char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9469     sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9470     sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9471   ),
9472   void*
9473 );
9474 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9475 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9476 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9477 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9478 #endif
9479 
9480 /*
9481 ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9482 **
9483 ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9484 ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9485 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9486 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9487 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9488 ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9489 */
9490 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9491 
9492 /*
9493 ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9494 ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9495 **
9496 ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9497 ** database for some specific point in history.
9498 **
9499 ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9500 ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9501 ** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9502 ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9503 ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9504 ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9505 ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9506 **
9507 ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9508 ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9509 ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9510 ** the most recent version.
9511 */
9512 typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9513   unsigned char hidden[48];
9514 } sqlite3_snapshot;
9515 
9516 /*
9517 ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9518 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9519 **
9520 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9521 ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9522 ** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9523 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9524 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9525 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9526 ** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9527 **
9528 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9529 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9530 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9531 ** in this case.
9532 **
9533 ** <ul>
9534 **   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9535 **
9536 **   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9537 **
9538 **   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9539 **        connection D.
9540 **
9541 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9542 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9543 **        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9544 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9545 **        must be written to it first.
9546 ** </ul>
9547 **
9548 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9549 ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9550 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9551 **
9552 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9553 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9554 ** to avoid a memory leak.
9555 **
9556 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9557 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9558 */
9559 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9560   sqlite3 *db,
9561   const char *zSchema,
9562   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9563 );
9564 
9565 /*
9566 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9567 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9568 **
9569 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9570 ** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9571 ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9572 ** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9573 ** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9574 ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9575 **
9576 ** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9577 ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9578 ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9579 ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9580 ** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9581 ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9582 ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9583 **
9584 ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9585 ** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9586 ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9587 **
9588 ** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9589 ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9590 ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9591 ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9592 ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9593 ** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9594 ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9595 **
9596 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9597 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9598 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9599 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9600 ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9601 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9602 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9603 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9604 **
9605 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9606 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9607 */
9608 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9609   sqlite3 *db,
9610   const char *zSchema,
9611   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9612 );
9613 
9614 /*
9615 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9616 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9617 **
9618 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9619 ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9620 ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9621 **
9622 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9623 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9624 */
9625 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9626 
9627 /*
9628 ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9629 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9630 **
9631 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9632 ** of two valid snapshot handles.
9633 **
9634 ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9635 ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9636 **
9637 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9638 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9639 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9640 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9641 ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9642 ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9643 ** is undefined.
9644 **
9645 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9646 ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9647 ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9648 **
9649 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9650 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9651 */
9652 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9653   sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9654   sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9655 );
9656 
9657 /*
9658 ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9659 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9660 **
9661 ** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9662 ** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9663 ** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9664 ** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9665 ** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9666 ** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9667 ** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9668 **
9669 ** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9670 ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9671 ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9672 ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9673 ** database.
9674 **
9675 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9676 **
9677 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9678 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9679 */
9680 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9681 
9682 /*
9683 ** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9684 **
9685 ** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9686 ** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9687 ** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9688 ** is written into *P.
9689 **
9690 ** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9691 ** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9692 ** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9693 ** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9694 **
9695 ** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9696 ** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9697 ** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9698 ** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9699 ** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9700 ** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9701 ** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9702 ** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9703 ** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9704 ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9705 ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9706 ** values of D and S.
9707 ** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9708 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9709 ** of the database exists.
9710 **
9711 ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9712 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9713 ** allocation error occurs.
9714 **
9715 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9716 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9717 */
9718 SQLITE_API unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9719   sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9720   const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9721   sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9722   unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9723 );
9724 
9725 /*
9726 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9727 **
9728 ** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9729 ** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9730 **
9731 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9732 ** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9733 ** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9734 ** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9735 ** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9736 ** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9737 ** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9738 */
9739 #define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9740 
9741 /*
9742 ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9743 **
9744 ** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9745 ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9746 ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9747 ** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9748 ** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9749 ** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9750 ** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9751 ** size does not exceed M bytes.
9752 **
9753 ** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9754 ** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9755 ** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9756 ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9757 ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9758 **
9759 ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9760 ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9761 ** operation.
9762 **
9763 ** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9764 ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9765 ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9766 **
9767 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9768 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9769 */
9770 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_deserialize(
9771   sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9772   const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9773   unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9774   sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9775   sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9776   unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9777 );
9778 
9779 /*
9780 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9781 **
9782 ** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9783 ** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9784 **
9785 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9786 ** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9787 ** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9788 ** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9789 ** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9790 **
9791 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9792 ** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9793 ** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9794 ** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9795 ** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9796 **
9797 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9798 ** should be treated as read-only.
9799 */
9800 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9801 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9802 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9803 
9804 /*
9805 ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9806 ** builds on processors without floating point support.
9807 */
9808 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9809 # undef double
9810 #endif
9811 
9812 #ifdef __cplusplus
9813 }  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9814 #endif
9815 #endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9816 
9817 /******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9818 /*
9819 ** 2010 August 30
9820 **
9821 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9822 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9823 **
9824 **    May you do good and not evil.
9825 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9826 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9827 **
9828 *************************************************************************
9829 */
9830 
9831 #ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9832 #define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9833 
9834 
9835 #ifdef __cplusplus
9836 extern "C" {
9837 #endif
9838 
9839 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
9840 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
9841 
9842 /* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
9843 ** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
9844 */
9845 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
9846   typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9847 #else
9848   typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9849 #endif
9850 
9851 /*
9852 ** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
9853 ** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9854 **
9855 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
9856 */
9857 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
9858   sqlite3 *db,
9859   const char *zGeom,
9860   int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
9861   void *pContext
9862 );
9863 
9864 
9865 /*
9866 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
9867 ** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
9868 */
9869 struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
9870   void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
9871   int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
9872   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
9873   void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
9874   void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
9875 };
9876 
9877 /*
9878 ** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
9879 ** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9880 **
9881 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
9882 */
9883 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
9884   sqlite3 *db,
9885   const char *zQueryFunc,
9886   int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
9887   void *pContext,
9888   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
9889 );
9890 
9891 
9892 /*
9893 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
9894 ** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
9895 ** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
9896 **
9897 ** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
9898 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
9899 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
9900 */
9901 struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
9902   void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
9903   int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
9904   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
9905   void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
9906   void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
9907   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
9908   unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
9909   int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
9910   int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
9911   int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
9912   sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
9913   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
9914   int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
9915   int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visibility */
9916   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
9917   /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
9918   sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
9919 };
9920 
9921 /*
9922 ** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
9923 */
9924 #define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
9925 #define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
9926 #define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
9927 
9928 
9929 #ifdef __cplusplus
9930 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
9931 #endif
9932 
9933 #endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
9934 
9935 /******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9936 /******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
9937 
9938 #if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
9939 #define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
9940 
9941 /*
9942 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
9943 */
9944 #ifdef __cplusplus
9945 extern "C" {
9946 #endif
9947 
9948 
9949 /*
9950 ** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
9951 **
9952 ** An instance of this object is a [session] that can be used to
9953 ** record changes to a database.
9954 */
9955 typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
9956 
9957 /*
9958 ** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
9959 **
9960 ** An instance of this object acts as a cursor for iterating
9961 ** over the elements of a [changeset] or [patchset].
9962 */
9963 typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
9964 
9965 /*
9966 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
9967 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
9968 **
9969 ** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
9970 ** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
9971 ** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
9972 ** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
9973 **
9974 ** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
9975 ** database handle.
9976 **
9977 ** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
9978 ** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
9979 ** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
9980 ** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
9981 ** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
9982 ** are undefined.
9983 **
9984 ** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
9985 ** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
9986 ** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
9987 ** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
9988 ** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
9989 ** either of these things are undefined.
9990 **
9991 ** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
9992 ** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
9993 ** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
9994 ** to the database when the session object is created.
9995 */
9996 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
9997   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9998   const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
9999   sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
10000 );
10001 
10002 /*
10003 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
10004 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
10005 **
10006 ** Delete a session object previously allocated using
10007 ** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
10008 ** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
10009 ** function are undefined.
10010 **
10011 ** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
10012 ** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
10013 ** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
10014 */
10015 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10016 
10017 
10018 /*
10019 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
10020 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10021 **
10022 ** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
10023 ** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
10024 ** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
10025 ** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
10026 ** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
10027 ** the eventual changesets.
10028 **
10029 ** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
10030 ** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
10031 ** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
10032 **
10033 ** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
10034 ** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
10035 */
10036 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
10037 
10038 /*
10039 ** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
10040 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10041 **
10042 ** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
10043 ** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
10044 **
10045 ** <ul>
10046 **   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
10047 **        made, or
10048 **   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
10049 **        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
10050 ** </ul>
10051 **
10052 ** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
10053 ** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
10054 ** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
10055 **
10056 ** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
10057 ** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
10058 ** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
10059 ** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
10060 ** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
10061 ** indirect flag for the specified session object.
10062 **
10063 ** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
10064 ** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
10065 */
10066 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
10067 
10068 /*
10069 ** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
10070 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10071 **
10072 ** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
10073 ** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
10074 ** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
10075 ** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
10076 **
10077 ** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
10078 ** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
10079 ** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
10080 ** the new tables are also recorded.
10081 **
10082 ** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
10083 ** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
10084 ** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
10085 ** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
10086 **
10087 ** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
10088 ** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
10089 ** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
10090 **
10091 ** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
10092 ** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
10093 **
10094 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
10095 ** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
10096 **
10097 ** <h3>Special sqlite_stat1 Handling</h3>
10098 **
10099 ** As of SQLite version 3.22.0, the "sqlite_stat1" table is an exception to
10100 ** some of the rules above. In SQLite, the schema of sqlite_stat1 is:
10101 **  <pre>
10102 **  &nbsp;     CREATE TABLE sqlite_stat1(tbl,idx,stat)
10103 **  </pre>
10104 **
10105 ** Even though sqlite_stat1 does not have a PRIMARY KEY, changes are
10106 ** recorded for it as if the PRIMARY KEY is (tbl,idx). Additionally, changes
10107 ** are recorded for rows for which (idx IS NULL) is true. However, for such
10108 ** rows a zero-length blob (SQL value X'') is stored in the changeset or
10109 ** patchset instead of a NULL value. This allows such changesets to be
10110 ** manipulated by legacy implementations of sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10111 ** concat() and similar.
10112 **
10113 ** The sqlite3changeset_apply() function automatically converts the
10114 ** zero-length blob back to a NULL value when updating the sqlite_stat1
10115 ** table. However, if the application calls sqlite3changeset_new(),
10116 ** sqlite3changeset_old() or sqlite3changeset_conflict on a changeset
10117 ** iterator directly (including on a changeset iterator passed to a
10118 ** conflict-handler callback) then the X'' value is returned. The application
10119 ** must translate X'' to NULL itself if required.
10120 **
10121 ** Legacy (older than 3.22.0) versions of the sessions module cannot capture
10122 ** changes made to the sqlite_stat1 table. Legacy versions of the
10123 ** sqlite3changeset_apply() function silently ignore any modifications to the
10124 ** sqlite_stat1 table that are part of a changeset or patchset.
10125 */
10126 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
10127   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10128   const char *zTab                /* Table name */
10129 );
10130 
10131 /*
10132 ** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
10133 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10134 **
10135 ** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
10136 ** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
10137 ** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
10138 ** If xFilter returns 0, changes are not tracked. Note that once a table is
10139 ** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
10140 */
10141 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
10142   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10143   int(*xFilter)(
10144     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
10145     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
10146   ),
10147   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
10148 );
10149 
10150 /*
10151 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
10152 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10153 **
10154 ** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
10155 ** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
10156 ** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
10157 ** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
10158 ** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
10159 ** zero and return an SQLite error code.
10160 **
10161 ** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
10162 ** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
10163 ** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
10164 ** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
10165 ** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
10166 ** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
10167 ** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
10168 ** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
10169 ** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
10170 **
10171 ** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
10172 ** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
10173 ** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
10174 ** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
10175 ** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
10176 ** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
10177 ** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
10178 ** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
10179 ** DELETE change only.
10180 **
10181 ** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
10182 ** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
10183 ** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
10184 ** API.
10185 **
10186 ** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
10187 ** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
10188 ** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
10189 ** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
10190 ** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
10191 ** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
10192 ** a single table are stored is undefined.
10193 **
10194 ** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
10195 ** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
10196 ** [sqlite3_free()].
10197 **
10198 ** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
10199 **
10200 ** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
10201 ** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
10202 ** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
10203 ** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
10204 ** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
10205 ** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
10206 **
10207 ** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
10208 ** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
10209 ** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
10210 **
10211 ** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
10212 ** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
10213 ** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
10214 ** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
10215 ** or updates a record).
10216 **
10217 ** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
10218 ** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
10219 ** file. Specifically:
10220 **
10221 ** <ul>
10222 **   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
10223 **        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
10224 **        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
10225 **        is added to the changeset.
10226 **
10227 **   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
10228 **        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
10229 **        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
10230 **        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
10231 **        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
10232 **        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
10233 **        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
10234 **        values, no change is added to the changeset.
10235 ** </ul>
10236 **
10237 ** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
10238 ** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
10239 ** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
10240 ** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
10241 ** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
10242 ** a DELETE and an INSERT.
10243 **
10244 ** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
10245 ** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
10246 ** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
10247 ** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
10248 ** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
10249 ** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
10250 ** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
10251 ** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
10252 ** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
10253 ** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
10254 */
10255 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
10256   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10257   int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
10258   void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
10259 );
10260 
10261 /*
10262 ** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
10263 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10264 **
10265 ** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
10266 ** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
10267 ** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
10268 ** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
10269 ** an error).
10270 **
10271 ** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
10272 ** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
10273 ** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
10274 ** A table is considered compatible if it:
10275 **
10276 ** <ul>
10277 **   <li> Has the same name,
10278 **   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
10279 **   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
10280 ** </ul>
10281 **
10282 ** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
10283 ** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
10284 ** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
10285 ** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
10286 **
10287 ** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
10288 ** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
10289 ** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
10290 ** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
10291 **
10292 ** <ul>
10293 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10294 **     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
10295 **
10296 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10297 **     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
10298 **
10299 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
10300 **     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
10301 **     session.
10302 ** </ul>
10303 **
10304 ** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
10305 ** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
10306 ** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
10307 ** identical.
10308 **
10309 ** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
10310 ** required compatible table.
10311 **
10312 ** If the operation is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
10313 ** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
10314 ** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
10315 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
10316 ** sqlite3_free().
10317 */
10318 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
10319   sqlite3_session *pSession,
10320   const char *zFromDb,
10321   const char *zTbl,
10322   char **pzErrMsg
10323 );
10324 
10325 
10326 /*
10327 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
10328 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10329 **
10330 ** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
10331 **
10332 ** <ul>
10333 **   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
10334 **        original values of other fields are omitted.
10335 **   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
10336 **        UPDATE records.
10337 ** </ul>
10338 **
10339 ** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
10340 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10341 ** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
10342 ** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
10343 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
10344 **
10345 ** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
10346 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
10347 ** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
10348 ** in the same way as for changesets.
10349 **
10350 ** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
10351 ** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
10352 ** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
10353 ** they were attached to the session object).
10354 */
10355 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
10356   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10357   int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppPatchset */
10358   void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing patchset */
10359 );
10360 
10361 /*
10362 ** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
10363 **
10364 ** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
10365 ** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
10366 ** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
10367 **
10368 ** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
10369 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
10370 ** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
10371 ** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
10372 ** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
10373 ** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
10374 ** changeset containing zero changes.
10375 */
10376 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10377 
10378 /*
10379 ** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
10380 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10381 **
10382 ** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
10383 ** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
10384 ** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
10385 ** SQLite error code is returned.
10386 **
10387 ** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
10388 ** iterator created by this function:
10389 **
10390 ** <ul>
10391 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
10392 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
10393 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
10394 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
10395 ** </ul>
10396 **
10397 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
10398 ** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
10399 ** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
10400 ** destroyed.
10401 **
10402 ** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
10403 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
10404 ** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
10405 ** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
10406 ** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
10407 ** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
10408 ** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
10409 ** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
10410 ** another change for table X.
10411 **
10412 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_start_v2() and its streaming equivalent
10413 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
10414 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT | supported flags] as the 4th parameter.
10415 **
10416 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_start_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
10417 ** and therefore subject to change.
10418 */
10419 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
10420   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10421   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10422   void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10423 );
10424 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2(
10425   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10426   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10427   void *pChangeset,               /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10428   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETSTART_* flags */
10429 );
10430 
10431 /*
10432 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_start_v2
10433 **
10434 ** The following flags may passed via the 4th parameter to
10435 ** [sqlite3changeset_start_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm]:
10436 **
10437 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
10438 **   Invert the changeset while iterating through it. This is equivalent to
10439 **   inverting a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it.
10440 **   It is an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
10441 */
10442 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT        0x0002
10443 
10444 
10445 /*
10446 ** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
10447 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10448 **
10449 ** This function may only be used with iterators created by the function
10450 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
10451 ** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
10452 ** is returned and the call has no effect.
10453 **
10454 ** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
10455 ** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
10456 ** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
10457 ** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
10458 ** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
10459 ** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
10460 ** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
10461 ** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
10462 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
10463 **
10464 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
10465 ** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
10466 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
10467 */
10468 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10469 
10470 /*
10471 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
10472 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10473 **
10474 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10475 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10476 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10477 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
10478 ** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
10479 **
10480 ** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
10481 ** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
10482 ** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
10483 ** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
10484 ** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
10485 ** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
10486 ** pbIndirect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
10487 ** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
10488 ** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
10489 ** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
10490 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
10491 ** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
10492 **
10493 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
10494 ** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
10495 ** be trusted in this case.
10496 */
10497 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
10498   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10499   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
10500   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
10501   int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
10502   int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
10503 );
10504 
10505 /*
10506 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
10507 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10508 **
10509 ** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
10510 **
10511 ** <ul>
10512 **   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
10513 **   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
10514 ** </ul>
10515 **
10516 ** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
10517 ** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
10518 ** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
10519 ** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
10520 ** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
10521 ** 0x00 if it is not.
10522 **
10523 ** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
10524 ** in the table.
10525 **
10526 ** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
10527 ** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
10528 ** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
10529 ** above.
10530 */
10531 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
10532   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10533   unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
10534   int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
10535 );
10536 
10537 /*
10538 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10539 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10540 **
10541 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10542 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10543 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10544 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10545 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10546 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
10547 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10548 **
10549 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10550 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10551 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10552 **
10553 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10554 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10555 ** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
10556 ** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
10557 ** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
10558 **
10559 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10560 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10561 */
10562 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
10563   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10564   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10565   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
10566 );
10567 
10568 /*
10569 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10570 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10571 **
10572 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10573 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10574 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10575 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10576 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10577 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
10578 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10579 **
10580 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10581 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10582 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10583 **
10584 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10585 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10586 ** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
10587 ** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
10588 ** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
10589 ** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
10590 ** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
10591 ** triggers.
10592 **
10593 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10594 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10595 */
10596 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
10597   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10598   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10599   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
10600 );
10601 
10602 /*
10603 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
10604 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10605 **
10606 ** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
10607 ** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
10608 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
10609 ** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
10610 ** is set to NULL.
10611 **
10612 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10613 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10614 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10615 **
10616 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10617 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
10618 ** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
10619 ** and returns SQLITE_OK.
10620 **
10621 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10622 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10623 */
10624 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
10625   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10626   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10627   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
10628 );
10629 
10630 /*
10631 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
10632 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10633 **
10634 ** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
10635 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
10636 ** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
10637 ** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
10638 **
10639 ** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
10640 */
10641 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
10642   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10643   int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
10644 );
10645 
10646 
10647 /*
10648 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
10649 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10650 **
10651 ** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
10652 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
10653 **
10654 ** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
10655 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
10656 ** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
10657 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
10658 ** call has no effect.
10659 **
10660 ** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
10661 ** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
10662 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
10663 ** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
10664 ** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
10665 **
10666 ** <pre>
10667 **   sqlite3changeset_start();
10668 **   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
10669 **     // Do something with change.
10670 **   }
10671 **   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
10672 **   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
10673 **     // An error has occurred
10674 **   }
10675 ** </pre>
10676 */
10677 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10678 
10679 /*
10680 ** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
10681 **
10682 ** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
10683 ** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
10684 ** changeset. Specifically:
10685 **
10686 ** <ul>
10687 **   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
10688 **   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
10689 **   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
10690 ** </ul>
10691 **
10692 ** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
10693 ** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
10694 **
10695 ** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
10696 ** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
10697 ** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
10698 ** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
10699 **
10700 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
10701 ** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
10702 ** call to this function.
10703 **
10704 ** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
10705 ** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
10706 */
10707 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
10708   int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
10709   int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
10710 );
10711 
10712 /*
10713 ** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
10714 **
10715 ** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
10716 ** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
10717 ** changeset A followed by changeset B.
10718 **
10719 ** This function combines the two input changesets using an
10720 ** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
10721 ** following code fragment:
10722 **
10723 ** <pre>
10724 **   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
10725 **   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
10726 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
10727 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
10728 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
10729 **     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
10730 **   }else{
10731 **     *ppOut = 0;
10732 **     *pnOut = 0;
10733 **   }
10734 ** </pre>
10735 **
10736 ** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
10737 */
10738 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
10739   int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
10740   void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
10741   int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
10742   void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
10743   int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
10744   void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
10745 );
10746 
10747 
10748 /*
10749 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
10750 **
10751 ** A changegroup is an object used to combine two or more
10752 ** [changesets] or [patchsets]
10753 */
10754 typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
10755 
10756 /*
10757 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
10758 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10759 **
10760 ** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
10761 ** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
10762 ** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
10763 ** always in the same format as the input.
10764 **
10765 ** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
10766 ** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
10767 ** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
10768 ** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
10769 ** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
10770 **
10771 ** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
10772 **
10773 ** <ul>
10774 **   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
10775 **
10776 **   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
10777 **        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
10778 **
10779 **   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
10780 **        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
10781 **
10782 **   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
10783 ** </ul>
10784 **
10785 ** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
10786 ** new() and delete(), and in any order.
10787 **
10788 ** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
10789 ** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
10790 ** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
10791 */
10792 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
10793 
10794 /*
10795 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
10796 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10797 **
10798 ** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
10799 ** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
10800 **
10801 ** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
10802 ** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
10803 ** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
10804 ** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
10805 ** to the changegroup.
10806 **
10807 ** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
10808 ** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
10809 ** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
10810 ** the two rows have the same primary key.
10811 **
10812 ** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
10813 ** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
10814 ** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
10815 ** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
10816 **
10817 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
10818 **   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
10819 **       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
10820 **       <th>Output Change
10821 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
10822 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10823 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10824 **       added to the changegroup.
10825 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
10826 **       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
10827 **       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
10828 **       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
10829 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
10830 **       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
10831 **       not added.
10832 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
10833 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10834 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10835 **       added to the changegroup.
10836 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
10837 **       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
10838 **       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
10839 **       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
10840 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
10841 **       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
10842 **       changegroup.
10843 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
10844 **       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
10845 **       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
10846 **       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
10847 **       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
10848 **       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
10849 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
10850 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10851 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10852 **       added to the changegroup.
10853 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
10854 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10855 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10856 **       added to the changegroup.
10857 ** </table>
10858 **
10859 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
10860 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
10861 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
10862 ** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
10863 ** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
10864 ** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
10865 ** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the state
10866 ** of the final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
10867 **
10868 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10869 */
10870 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
10871 
10872 /*
10873 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
10874 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10875 **
10876 ** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
10877 ** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
10878 ** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
10879 ** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
10880 **
10881 ** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
10882 ** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
10883 ** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
10884 ** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
10885 ** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
10886 ** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
10887 ** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
10888 ** which they are first encountered.
10889 **
10890 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
10891 ** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
10892 ** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
10893 ** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
10894 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
10895 ** call to sqlite3_free().
10896 */
10897 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output(
10898   sqlite3_changegroup*,
10899   int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
10900   void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
10901 );
10902 
10903 /*
10904 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
10905 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10906 */
10907 SQLITE_API void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
10908 
10909 /*
10910 ** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
10911 **
10912 ** Apply a changeset or patchset to a database. These functions attempt to
10913 ** update the "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in
10914 ** the changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
10915 **
10916 ** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to these functions is the "filter
10917 ** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
10918 ** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
10919 ** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
10920 ** passed as the sixth argument as the first. If the "filter callback"
10921 ** returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to the table.
10922 ** Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter argument to
10923 ** is NULL, all changes related to the table are attempted.
10924 **
10925 ** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
10926 ** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
10927 ** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
10928 **
10929 ** <ul>
10930 **   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
10931 **        changeset, and
10932 **   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
10933 **        changeset, and
10934 **   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
10935 **        recorded in the changeset.
10936 ** </ul>
10937 **
10938 ** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
10939 ** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
10940 ** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
10941 ** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
10942 **
10943 ** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
10944 ** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
10945 ** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
10946 ** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
10947 ** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
10948 ** each type of change is below.
10949 **
10950 ** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
10951 ** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
10952 ** argument are undefined.
10953 **
10954 ** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
10955 ** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
10956 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
10957 ** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
10958 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
10959 ** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
10960 ** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
10961 ** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
10962 ** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
10963 ** the documentation for the three
10964 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
10965 **
10966 ** <dl>
10967 ** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
10968 **   For each DELETE change, the function checks if the target database
10969 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
10970 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
10971 **   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
10972 **   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
10973 **
10974 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
10975 **   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
10976 **   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
10977 **   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
10978 **   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
10979 **   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
10980 **   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
10981 **   are ignored.
10982 **
10983 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
10984 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
10985 **   passed as the second argument.
10986 **
10987 **   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
10988 **   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
10989 **   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
10990 **   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
10991 **   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
10992 **   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
10993 **
10994 ** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
10995 **   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
10996 **   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
10997 **   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
10998 **   values.
10999 **
11000 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
11001 **   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
11002 **   function is invoked with the second argument set to
11003 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
11004 **
11005 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
11006 **   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
11007 **   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
11008 **   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
11009 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11010 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11011 **
11012 ** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
11013 **   For each UPDATE change, the function checks if the target database
11014 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
11015 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
11016 **   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
11017 **   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
11018 **
11019 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
11020 **   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
11021 **   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
11022 **   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
11023 **   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
11024 **   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
11025 **   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
11026 **
11027 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
11028 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
11029 **   passed as the second argument.
11030 **
11031 **   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
11032 **   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
11033 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
11034 **   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
11035 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11036 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11037 ** </dl>
11038 **
11039 ** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
11040 ** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
11041 ** This can be used to further customize the application's conflict
11042 ** resolution strategy.
11043 **
11044 ** All changes made by these functions are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
11045 ** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
11046 ** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
11047 ** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
11048 ** SQLite error code returned.
11049 **
11050 ** If the output parameters (ppRebase) and (pnRebase) are non-NULL and
11051 ** the input is a changeset (not a patchset), then sqlite3changeset_apply_v2()
11052 ** may set (*ppRebase) to point to a "rebase" that may be used with the
11053 ** sqlite3_rebaser APIs buffer before returning. In this case (*pnRebase)
11054 ** is set to the size of the buffer in bytes. It is the responsibility of the
11055 ** caller to eventually free any such buffer using sqlite3_free(). The buffer
11056 ** is only allocated and populated if one or more conflicts were encountered
11057 ** while applying the patchset. See comments surrounding the sqlite3_rebaser
11058 ** APIs for further details.
11059 **
11060 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and its streaming equivalent
11061 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
11062 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT | supported flags] as the 9th parameter.
11063 **
11064 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
11065 ** and therefore subject to change.
11066 */
11067 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
11068   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11069   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11070   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11071   int(*xFilter)(
11072     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11073     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11074   ),
11075   int(*xConflict)(
11076     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11077     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11078     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11079   ),
11080   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11081 );
11082 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
11083   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11084   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11085   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11086   int(*xFilter)(
11087     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11088     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11089   ),
11090   int(*xConflict)(
11091     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11092     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11093     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11094   ),
11095   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11096   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
11097   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
11098 );
11099 
11100 /*
11101 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_apply_v2
11102 **
11103 ** The following flags may passed via the 9th parameter to
11104 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm]:
11105 **
11106 ** <dl>
11107 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT <dd>
11108 **   Usually, the sessions module encloses all operations performed by
11109 **   a single call to apply_v2() or apply_v2_strm() in a [SAVEPOINT]. The
11110 **   SAVEPOINT is committed if the changeset or patchset is successfully
11111 **   applied, or rolled back if an error occurs. Specifying this flag
11112 **   causes the sessions module to omit this savepoint. In this case, if the
11113 **   caller has an open transaction or savepoint when apply_v2() is called,
11114 **   it may revert the partially applied changeset by rolling it back.
11115 **
11116 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
11117 **   Invert the changeset before applying it. This is equivalent to inverting
11118 **   a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it. It is
11119 **   an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
11120 */
11121 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
11122 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002
11123 
11124 /*
11125 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
11126 **
11127 ** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
11128 **
11129 ** <dl>
11130 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
11131 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
11132 **   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
11133 **   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
11134 **   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
11135 **   expected "before" values.
11136 **
11137 **   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
11138 **   primary key.
11139 **
11140 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
11141 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
11142 **   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
11143 **   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
11144 **
11145 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11146 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11147 **
11148 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
11149 **   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
11150 **   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
11151 **   in duplicate primary key values.
11152 **
11153 **   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
11154 **   primary key.
11155 **
11156 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
11157 **   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
11158 **   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
11159 **   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
11160 **   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
11161 **   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
11162 **   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
11163 **   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
11164 **
11165 **   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
11166 **   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
11167 **   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
11168 **
11169 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
11170 **   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
11171 **   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
11172 **   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
11173 **
11174 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11175 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11176 **
11177 ** </dl>
11178 */
11179 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
11180 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
11181 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
11182 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
11183 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
11184 
11185 /*
11186 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
11187 **
11188 ** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
11189 **
11190 ** <dl>
11191 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
11192 **   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
11193 **   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
11194 **   continues to the next change in the changeset.
11195 **
11196 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
11197 **   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
11198 **   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
11199 **   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
11200 **   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
11201 **
11202 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
11203 **   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
11204 **   on the type of change.
11205 **
11206 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
11207 **   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
11208 **   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
11209 **   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
11210 **
11211 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
11212 **   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
11213 **   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
11214 ** </dl>
11215 */
11216 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
11217 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
11218 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
11219 
11220 /*
11221 ** CAPI3REF: Rebasing changesets
11222 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11223 **
11224 ** Suppose there is a site hosting a database in state S0. And that
11225 ** modifications are made that move that database to state S1 and a
11226 ** changeset recorded (the "local" changeset). Then, a changeset based
11227 ** on S0 is received from another site (the "remote" changeset) and
11228 ** applied to the database. The database is then in state
11229 ** (S1+"remote"), where the exact state depends on any conflict
11230 ** resolution decisions (OMIT or REPLACE) made while applying "remote".
11231 ** Rebasing a changeset is to update it to take those conflict
11232 ** resolution decisions into account, so that the same conflicts
11233 ** do not have to be resolved elsewhere in the network.
11234 **
11235 ** For example, if both the local and remote changesets contain an
11236 ** INSERT of the same key on "CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b)":
11237 **
11238 **   local:  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v1');
11239 **   remote: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v2');
11240 **
11241 ** and the conflict resolution is REPLACE, then the INSERT change is
11242 ** removed from the local changeset (it was overridden). Or, if the
11243 ** conflict resolution was "OMIT", then the local changeset is modified
11244 ** to instead contain:
11245 **
11246 **           UPDATE t1 SET b = 'v2' WHERE a=1;
11247 **
11248 ** Changes within the local changeset are rebased as follows:
11249 **
11250 ** <dl>
11251 ** <dt>Local INSERT<dd>
11252 **   This may only conflict with a remote INSERT. If the conflict
11253 **   resolution was OMIT, then add an UPDATE change to the rebased
11254 **   changeset. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE, add
11255 **   nothing to the rebased changeset.
11256 **
11257 ** <dt>Local DELETE<dd>
11258 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. In both cases the
11259 **   only possible resolution is OMIT. If the remote operation was a
11260 **   DELETE, then add no change to the rebased changeset. If the remote
11261 **   operation was an UPDATE, then the old.* fields of change are updated
11262 **   to reflect the new.* values in the UPDATE.
11263 **
11264 ** <dt>Local UPDATE<dd>
11265 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. If it conflicts
11266 **   with a DELETE, and the conflict resolution was OMIT, then the update
11267 **   is changed into an INSERT. Any undefined values in the new.* record
11268 **   from the update change are filled in using the old.* values from
11269 **   the conflicting DELETE. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE,
11270 **   the UPDATE change is simply omitted from the rebased changeset.
11271 **
11272 **   If conflict is with a remote UPDATE and the resolution is OMIT, then
11273 **   the old.* values are rebased using the new.* values in the remote
11274 **   change. Or, if the resolution is REPLACE, then the change is copied
11275 **   into the rebased changeset with updates to columns also updated by
11276 **   the conflicting remote UPDATE removed. If this means no columns would
11277 **   be updated, the change is omitted.
11278 ** </dl>
11279 **
11280 ** A local change may be rebased against multiple remote changes
11281 ** simultaneously. If a single key is modified by multiple remote
11282 ** changesets, they are combined as follows before the local changeset
11283 ** is rebased:
11284 **
11285 ** <ul>
11286 **    <li> If there has been one or more REPLACE resolutions on a
11287 **         key, it is rebased according to a REPLACE.
11288 **
11289 **    <li> If there have been no REPLACE resolutions on a key, then
11290 **         the local changeset is rebased according to the most recent
11291 **         of the OMIT resolutions.
11292 ** </ul>
11293 **
11294 ** Note that conflict resolutions from multiple remote changesets are
11295 ** combined on a per-field basis, not per-row. This means that in the
11296 ** case of multiple remote UPDATE operations, some fields of a single
11297 ** local change may be rebased for REPLACE while others are rebased for
11298 ** OMIT.
11299 **
11300 ** In order to rebase a local changeset, the remote changeset must first
11301 ** be applied to the local database using sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and
11302 ** the buffer of rebase information captured. Then:
11303 **
11304 ** <ol>
11305 **   <li> An sqlite3_rebaser object is created by calling
11306 **        sqlite3rebaser_create().
11307 **   <li> The new object is configured with the rebase buffer obtained from
11308 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() by calling sqlite3rebaser_configure().
11309 **        If the local changeset is to be rebased against multiple remote
11310 **        changesets, then sqlite3rebaser_configure() should be called
11311 **        multiple times, in the same order that the multiple
11312 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() calls were made.
11313 **   <li> Each local changeset is rebased by calling sqlite3rebaser_rebase().
11314 **   <li> The sqlite3_rebaser object is deleted by calling
11315 **        sqlite3rebaser_delete().
11316 ** </ol>
11317 */
11318 typedef struct sqlite3_rebaser sqlite3_rebaser;
11319 
11320 /*
11321 ** CAPI3REF: Create a changeset rebaser object.
11322 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11323 **
11324 ** Allocate a new changeset rebaser object. If successful, set (*ppNew) to
11325 ** point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, if an error
11326 ** occurs, return an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) and set (*ppNew)
11327 ** to NULL.
11328 */
11329 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_create(sqlite3_rebaser **ppNew);
11330 
11331 /*
11332 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a changeset rebaser object.
11333 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11334 **
11335 ** Configure the changeset rebaser object to rebase changesets according
11336 ** to the conflict resolutions described by buffer pRebase (size nRebase
11337 ** bytes), which must have been obtained from a previous call to
11338 ** sqlite3changeset_apply_v2().
11339 */
11340 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_configure(
11341   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11342   int nRebase, const void *pRebase
11343 );
11344 
11345 /*
11346 ** CAPI3REF: Rebase a changeset
11347 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11348 **
11349 ** Argument pIn must point to a buffer containing a changeset nIn bytes
11350 ** in size. This function allocates and populates a buffer with a copy
11351 ** of the changeset rebased according to the configuration of the
11352 ** rebaser object passed as the first argument. If successful, (*ppOut)
11353 ** is set to point to the new buffer containing the rebased changeset and
11354 ** (*pnOut) to its size in bytes and SQLITE_OK returned. It is the
11355 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the new buffer using
11356 ** sqlite3_free(). Otherwise, if an error occurs, (*ppOut) and (*pnOut)
11357 ** are set to zero and an SQLite error code returned.
11358 */
11359 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase(
11360   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11361   int nIn, const void *pIn,
11362   int *pnOut, void **ppOut
11363 );
11364 
11365 /*
11366 ** CAPI3REF: Delete a changeset rebaser object.
11367 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11368 **
11369 ** Delete the changeset rebaser object and all associated resources. There
11370 ** should be one call to this function for each successful invocation
11371 ** of sqlite3rebaser_create().
11372 */
11373 SQLITE_API void sqlite3rebaser_delete(sqlite3_rebaser *p);
11374 
11375 /*
11376 ** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
11377 **
11378 ** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
11379 ** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
11380 **
11381 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
11382 **   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
11383 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
11384 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm_v2<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply_v2]
11385 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
11386 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
11387 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
11388 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
11389 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
11390 ** </table>
11391 **
11392 ** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
11393 ** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
11394 ** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
11395 ** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
11396 ** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
11397 ** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
11398 ** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
11399 **
11400 ** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
11401 ** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
11402 ** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
11403 ** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
11404 **
11405 **  <pre>
11406 **  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
11407 **  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
11408 **  </pre>
11409 **
11410 ** Is replaced by:
11411 **
11412 **  <pre>
11413 **  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11414 **  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
11415 **  </pre>
11416 **
11417 ** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
11418 ** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
11419 ** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
11420 ** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
11421 ** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
11422 ** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
11423 ** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
11424 ** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
11425 ** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
11426 ** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
11427 **
11428 ** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
11429 ** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
11430 ** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
11431 ** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
11432 ** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
11433 **
11434 ** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
11435 ** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
11436 ** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
11437 ** as:
11438 **
11439 **  <pre>
11440 **  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
11441 **  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
11442 **  </pre>
11443 **
11444 ** Is replaced by:
11445 **
11446 **  <pre>
11447 **  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11448 **  &nbsp;     void *pOut
11449 **  </pre>
11450 **
11451 ** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
11452 ** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
11453 ** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
11454 ** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
11455 ** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
11456 ** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
11457 ** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
11458 ** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
11459 ** of the xOutput error code to the application.
11460 **
11461 ** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
11462 ** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
11463 ** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
11464 */
11465 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
11466   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11467   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11468   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11469   int(*xFilter)(
11470     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11471     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11472   ),
11473   int(*xConflict)(
11474     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11475     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11476     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11477   ),
11478   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11479 );
11480 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm(
11481   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11482   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11483   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11484   int(*xFilter)(
11485     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11486     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11487   ),
11488   int(*xConflict)(
11489     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11490     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11491     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11492   ),
11493   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11494   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase,
11495   int flags
11496 );
11497 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
11498   int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11499   void *pInA,
11500   int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11501   void *pInB,
11502   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11503   void *pOut
11504 );
11505 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
11506   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11507   void *pIn,
11508   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11509   void *pOut
11510 );
11511 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
11512   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11513   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11514   void *pIn
11515 );
11516 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm(
11517   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11518   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11519   void *pIn,
11520   int flags
11521 );
11522 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
11523   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11524   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11525   void *pOut
11526 );
11527 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
11528   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11529   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11530   void *pOut
11531 );
11532 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11533     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11534     void *pIn
11535 );
11536 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11537     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11538     void *pOut
11539 );
11540 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase_strm(
11541   sqlite3_rebaser *pRebaser,
11542   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11543   void *pIn,
11544   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11545   void *pOut
11546 );
11547 
11548 /*
11549 ** CAPI3REF: Configure global parameters
11550 **
11551 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is used to make global configuration
11552 ** changes to the sessions module in order to tune it to the specific needs
11553 ** of the application.
11554 **
11555 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is not threadsafe. If it is invoked
11556 ** while any other thread is inside any other sessions method then the
11557 ** results are undefined. Furthermore, if it is invoked after any sessions
11558 ** related objects have been created, the results are also undefined.
11559 **
11560 ** The first argument to the sqlite3session_config() function must be one
11561 ** of the SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_XXX constants defined below. The
11562 ** interpretation of the (void*) value passed as the second parameter and
11563 ** the effect of calling this function depends on the value of the first
11564 ** parameter.
11565 **
11566 ** <dl>
11567 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE<dd>
11568 **    By default, the sessions module streaming interfaces attempt to input
11569 **    and output data in approximately 1 KiB chunks. This operand may be used
11570 **    to set and query the value of this configuration setting. The pointer
11571 **    passed as the second argument must point to a value of type (int).
11572 **    If this value is greater than 0, it is used as the new streaming data
11573 **    chunk size for both input and output. Before returning, the (int) value
11574 **    pointed to by pArg is set to the final value of the streaming interface
11575 **    chunk size.
11576 ** </dl>
11577 **
11578 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
11579 ** otherwise.
11580 */
11581 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_config(int op, void *pArg);
11582 
11583 /*
11584 ** CAPI3REF: Values for sqlite3session_config().
11585 */
11586 #define SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1
11587 
11588 /*
11589 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
11590 */
11591 #ifdef __cplusplus
11592 }
11593 #endif
11594 
11595 #endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
11596 
11597 /******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
11598 /******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
11599 /*
11600 ** 2014 May 31
11601 **
11602 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
11603 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
11604 **
11605 **    May you do good and not evil.
11606 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
11607 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
11608 **
11609 ******************************************************************************
11610 **
11611 ** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
11612 ** FTS5 may be extended with:
11613 **
11614 **     * custom tokenizers, and
11615 **     * custom auxiliary functions.
11616 */
11617 
11618 
11619 #ifndef _FTS5_H
11620 #define _FTS5_H
11621 
11622 
11623 #ifdef __cplusplus
11624 extern "C" {
11625 #endif
11626 
11627 /*************************************************************************
11628 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11629 **
11630 ** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
11631 ** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
11632 */
11633 
11634 typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
11635 typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
11636 typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
11637 
11638 typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
11639   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
11640   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
11641   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
11642   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
11643   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
11644 );
11645 
11646 struct Fts5PhraseIter {
11647   const unsigned char *a;
11648   const unsigned char *b;
11649 };
11650 
11651 /*
11652 ** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
11653 **
11654 ** xUserData(pFts):
11655 **   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
11656 **   registered with.
11657 **
11658 ** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11659 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11660 **   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
11661 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
11662 **   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
11663 **   the FTS5 table.
11664 **
11665 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11666 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11667 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11668 **   returned.
11669 **
11670 ** xColumnCount(pFts):
11671 **   Return the number of columns in the table.
11672 **
11673 ** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11674 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11675 **   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
11676 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
11677 **   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
11678 **
11679 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11680 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11681 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11682 **   returned.
11683 **
11684 **   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
11685 **   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
11686 **
11687 ** xColumnText:
11688 **   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
11689 **   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
11690 **   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
11691 **   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
11692 **   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
11693 **   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
11694 **
11695 ** xPhraseCount:
11696 **   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
11697 **
11698 ** xPhraseSize:
11699 **   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
11700 **   are numbered starting from zero.
11701 **
11702 ** xInstCount:
11703 **   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
11704 **   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
11705 **   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11706 **
11707 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11708 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11709 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11710 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
11711 **
11712 ** xInst:
11713 **   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
11714 **   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
11715 **   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
11716 **   output by xInstCount().
11717 **
11718 **   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
11719 **   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
11720 **   first token of the phrase. Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error
11721 **   code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11722 **
11723 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11724 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
11725 **
11726 ** xRowid:
11727 **   Returns the rowid of the current row.
11728 **
11729 ** xTokenize:
11730 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
11731 **
11732 ** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
11733 **   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
11734 **   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
11735 **
11736 **       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
11737 **
11738 **   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
11739 **   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
11740 **   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
11741 **   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
11742 **   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
11743 **   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
11744 **   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
11745 **   the third argument to pUserData.
11746 **
11747 **   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
11748 **   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
11749 **   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
11750 **   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
11751 **
11752 **   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
11753 **   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
11754 **   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
11755 **
11756 **
11757 ** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
11758 **
11759 **   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension function's
11760 **   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
11761 **   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
11762 **   the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
11763 **
11764 **   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
11765 **   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
11766 **   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
11767 **   single auxiliary data context.
11768 **
11769 **   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
11770 **   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
11771 **   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
11772 **   point.
11773 **
11774 **   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
11775 **   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
11776 **
11777 **   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function,
11778 **   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
11779 **   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
11780 **   pointer before returning.
11781 **
11782 **
11783 ** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
11784 **
11785 **   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
11786 **   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
11787 **
11788 **   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
11789 **   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
11790 **   if any, is not invoked.
11791 **
11792 **
11793 ** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
11794 **
11795 **   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
11796 **   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
11797 **
11798 **        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
11799 **
11800 ** xPhraseFirst()
11801 **   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
11802 **   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
11803 **   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
11804 **   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
11805 **   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
11806 **   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
11807 **
11808 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11809 **       int iCol, iOff;
11810 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
11811 **           iCol>=0;
11812 **           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
11813 **       ){
11814 **         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
11815 **       }
11816 **
11817 **   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
11818 **   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
11819 **   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
11820 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
11821 **
11822 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11823 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11824 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11825 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
11826 **   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
11827 **
11828 ** xPhraseNext()
11829 **   See xPhraseFirst above.
11830 **
11831 ** xPhraseFirstColumn()
11832 **   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
11833 **   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
11834 **   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
11835 **   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
11836 **   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
11837 **
11838 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11839 **       int iCol;
11840 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
11841 **           iCol>=0;
11842 **           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
11843 **       ){
11844 **         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
11845 **       }
11846 **
11847 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11848 **   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
11849 **   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
11850 **   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
11851 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
11852 **
11853 **   The information accessed using this API and its companion
11854 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
11855 **   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
11856 **   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
11857 **   "detail=column" tables.
11858 **
11859 ** xPhraseNextColumn()
11860 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
11861 */
11862 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
11863   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
11864 
11865   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
11866 
11867   int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
11868   int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
11869   int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
11870 
11871   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
11872     const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
11873     void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
11874     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
11875   );
11876 
11877   int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
11878   int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
11879 
11880   int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
11881   int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11882 
11883   sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
11884   int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
11885   int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
11886 
11887   int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
11888     int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
11889   );
11890   int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
11891   void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
11892 
11893   int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
11894   void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11895 
11896   int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
11897   void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
11898 };
11899 
11900 /*
11901 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11902 *************************************************************************/
11903 
11904 /*************************************************************************
11905 ** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
11906 **
11907 ** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
11908 ** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
11909 ** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
11910 ** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
11911 ** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
11912 **
11913 ** xCreate:
11914 **   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
11915 **   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
11916 **
11917 **   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
11918 **   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
11919 **   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
11920 **   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
11921 **   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
11922 **   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
11923 **   to create the FTS5 table.
11924 **
11925 **   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
11926 **   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
11927 **   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
11928 **   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
11929 **   is undefined.
11930 **
11931 ** xDelete:
11932 **   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
11933 **   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
11934 **   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
11935 **
11936 ** xTokenize:
11937 **   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
11938 **   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
11939 **   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
11940 **   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
11941 **
11942 **   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
11943 **   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
11944 **   four values:
11945 **
11946 **   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
11947 **            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
11948 **            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
11949 **            FTS index.
11950 **
11951 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
11952 **            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
11953 **            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
11954 **
11955 **       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
11956 **            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
11957 **            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
11958 **            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
11959 **
11960 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
11961 **            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
11962 **            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
11963 **            on a columnsize=0 database.
11964 **   </ul>
11965 **
11966 **   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
11967 **   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
11968 **   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
11969 **   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
11970 **   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
11971 **   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
11972 **   which the token is derived within the input.
11973 **
11974 **   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
11975 **   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
11976 **   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
11977 **
11978 **   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
11979 **   order that they occur within the input text.
11980 **
11981 **   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
11982 **   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
11983 **   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
11984 **   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
11985 **   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
11986 **   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
11987 **   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
11988 **
11989 ** SYNONYM SUPPORT
11990 **
11991 **   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
11992 **   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
11993 **   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
11994 **   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
11995 **   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
11996 **   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
11997 **   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
11998 **
11999 **   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
12000 **
12001 **   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, using
12002 **            the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
12003 **            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
12004 **            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
12005 **            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
12006 **            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
12007 **            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
12008 **            as expected.
12009 **
12010 **       <li> By querying the index for all synonyms of each query term
12011 **            separately. In this case, when tokenizing query text, the
12012 **            tokenizer may provide multiple synonyms for a single term
12013 **            within the document. FTS5 then queries the index for each
12014 **            synonym individually. For example, faced with the query:
12015 **
12016 **   <codeblock>
12017 **     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
12018 **
12019 **            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
12020 **            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
12021 **            similar to:
12022 **
12023 **   <codeblock>
12024 **     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
12025 **
12026 **            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
12027 **            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
12028 **            being treated as a single phrase.
12029 **
12030 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
12031 **            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
12032 **            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
12033 **            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
12034 **            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
12035 **            "place".
12036 **
12037 **            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
12038 **            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do so would be
12039 **            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
12040 **            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entries in the
12041 **            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
12042 **   </ol>
12043 **
12044 **   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
12045 **   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
12046 **   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
12047 **   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
12048 **   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
12049 **
12050 **   <codeblock>
12051 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
12052 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
12053 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
12054 **       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
12055 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
12056 **</codeblock>
12057 **
12058 **   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
12059 **   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
12060 **   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
12061 **   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
12062 **   single token.
12063 **
12064 **   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
12065 **   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
12066 **   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
12067 **   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
12068 **   token "first" is substituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
12069 **
12070 **   <codeblock>
12071 **     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
12072 **
12073 **   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
12074 **   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
12075 **
12076 **   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
12077 **   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
12078 **   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
12079 **   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
12080 **   within the database.
12081 **
12082 **   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
12083 **   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
12084 **   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
12085 **   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
12086 **   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
12087 **   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
12088 **   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
12089 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
12090 **
12091 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
12092 **   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
12093 **   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
12094 **   inefficient.
12095 */
12096 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
12097 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
12098 struct fts5_tokenizer {
12099   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
12100   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
12101   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
12102       void *pCtx,
12103       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
12104       const char *pText, int nText,
12105       int (*xToken)(
12106         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
12107         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
12108         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
12109         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
12110         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
12111         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
12112       )
12113   );
12114 };
12115 
12116 /* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
12117 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
12118 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
12119 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
12120 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
12121 
12122 /* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
12123 ** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
12124 #define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
12125 
12126 /*
12127 ** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
12128 *************************************************************************/
12129 
12130 /*************************************************************************
12131 ** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
12132 */
12133 typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
12134 struct fts5_api {
12135   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
12136 
12137   /* Create a new tokenizer */
12138   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
12139     fts5_api *pApi,
12140     const char *zName,
12141     void *pContext,
12142     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
12143     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12144   );
12145 
12146   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
12147   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
12148     fts5_api *pApi,
12149     const char *zName,
12150     void **ppContext,
12151     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
12152   );
12153 
12154   /* Create a new auxiliary function */
12155   int (*xCreateFunction)(
12156     fts5_api *pApi,
12157     const char *zName,
12158     void *pContext,
12159     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
12160     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12161   );
12162 };
12163 
12164 /*
12165 ** END OF REGISTRATION API
12166 *************************************************************************/
12167 
12168 #ifdef __cplusplus
12169 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
12170 #endif
12171 
12172 #endif /* _FTS5_H */
12173 
12174 /******** End of fts5.h *********/
12175