xref: /freebsd/contrib/sqlite3/sqlite3.h (revision a0409676120c1e558d0ade943019934e0f15118d)
1 /*
2 ** 2001-09-15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13 ** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14 ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15 ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16 ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17 **
18 ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19 ** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20 ** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21 ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22 ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23 **
24 ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25 ** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26 ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27 **
28 ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29 ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30 ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31 ** part of the build process.
32 */
33 #ifndef SQLITE3_H
34 #define SQLITE3_H
35 #include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36 
37 /*
38 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39 */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 
45 /*
46 ** Provide the ability to override linkage features of the interface.
47 */
48 #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
49 # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
50 #endif
51 #ifndef SQLITE_API
52 # define SQLITE_API
53 #endif
54 #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
55 # define SQLITE_CDECL
56 #endif
57 #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
58 # define SQLITE_APICALL
59 #endif
60 #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
61 # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
62 #endif
63 #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
64 # define SQLITE_CALLBACK
65 #endif
66 #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
67 # define SQLITE_SYSAPI
68 #endif
69 
70 /*
71 ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
72 ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
73 ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
74 ** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
75 ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
76 **
77 ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
78 ** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
79 ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
80 ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
81 ** noop macros.
82 */
83 #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
84 #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
85 
86 /*
87 ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
88 */
89 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
90 # undef SQLITE_VERSION
91 #endif
92 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
93 # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
94 #endif
95 
96 /*
97 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
98 **
99 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
100 ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
101 ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
102 ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
103 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
104 ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
105 ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
106 ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
107 ** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
108 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
109 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
110 **
111 ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
112 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
113 ** <a href="http://www.fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
114 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
115 ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
116 ** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
117 ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
118 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
119 ** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
120 ** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
121 **
122 ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
123 ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
124 ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
125 */
126 #define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.34.1"
127 #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3034001
128 #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2021-01-20 14:10:07 10e20c0b43500cfb9bbc0eaa061c57514f715d87238f4d835880cd846b9ebd1f"
129 
130 /*
131 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
132 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
133 **
134 ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
135 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
136 ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
137 ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
138 ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
139 ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
140 ** compiled with matching library and header files.
141 **
142 ** <blockquote><pre>
143 ** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
144 ** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
145 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
146 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
147 **
148 ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of [SQLITE_VERSION]
149 ** macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a pointer to the
150 ** to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
151 ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
152 ** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
153 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
154 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
155 ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
156 ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
157 ** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
158 ** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
159 **
160 ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
161 */
162 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
163 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
164 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
165 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
166 
167 /*
168 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
169 **
170 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
171 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
172 ** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
173 ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
174 **
175 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
176 ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
177 ** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
178 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
179 ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
180 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
181 **
182 ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
183 ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
184 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
185 **
186 ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
187 ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
188 */
189 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
190 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
191 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
192 #else
193 # define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
194 # define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
195 #endif
196 
197 /*
198 ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
199 **
200 ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
201 ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
202 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
203 **
204 ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
205 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
206 ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
207 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
208 ** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
209 ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
210 **
211 ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
212 ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
213 ** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
214 ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
215 **
216 ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
217 ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
218 ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
219 **
220 ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
221 ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
222 ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
223 ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
224 ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
225 ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
226 ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
227 ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
228 ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
229 ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
230 **
231 ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
232 */
233 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
234 
235 /*
236 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
237 ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
238 **
239 ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
240 ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
241 ** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
242 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
243 ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
244 ** interfaces (such as
245 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
246 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
247 ** sqlite3 object.
248 */
249 typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
250 
251 /*
252 ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
253 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
254 **
255 ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
256 ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
257 **
258 ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
259 ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
260 ** compatibility only.
261 **
262 ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
263 ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
264 ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
265 ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
266 */
267 #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
268   typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
269 # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
270     typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
271 # else
272     typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
273 # endif
274 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
275   typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
276   typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
277 #else
278   typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
279   typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
280 #endif
281 typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
282 typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
283 
284 /*
285 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
286 ** substitute integer for floating-point.
287 */
288 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
289 # define double sqlite3_int64
290 #endif
291 
292 /*
293 ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
294 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
295 **
296 ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
297 ** for the [sqlite3] object.
298 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
299 ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
300 ** resources are deallocated.
301 **
302 ** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
303 ** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
304 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
305 ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
306 ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
307 ** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
308 ** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
309 ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
310 ** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
311 ** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
312 ** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
313 ** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
314 ** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
315 ** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
316 ** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
317 ** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
318 **
319 ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
320 ** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
321 **
322 ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
323 ** must be either a NULL
324 ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
325 ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
326 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
327 ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
328 ** argument is a harmless no-op.
329 */
330 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
331 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
332 
333 /*
334 ** The type for a callback function.
335 ** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
336 ** compatibility and is not documented.
337 */
338 typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
339 
340 /*
341 ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
342 ** METHOD: sqlite3
343 **
344 ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
345 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
346 ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
347 ** without having to use a lot of C code.
348 **
349 ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
350 ** semicolon-separate SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
351 ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
352 ** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
353 ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
354 ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
355 ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
356 ** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
357 ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
358 ** ignored.
359 **
360 ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
361 ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
362 ** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
363 ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
364 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
365 ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
366 ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
367 ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
368 ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
369 ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
370 ** NULL before returning.
371 **
372 ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
373 ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
374 ** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
375 **
376 ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
377 ** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
378 ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
379 ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
380 ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
381 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
382 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
383 ** entry represents the name of corresponding result column as obtained
384 ** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
385 **
386 ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
387 ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
388 ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
389 ** is not changed.
390 **
391 ** Restrictions:
392 **
393 ** <ul>
394 ** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
395 **      is a valid and open [database connection].
396 ** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
397 **      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
398 ** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
399 **      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
400 ** </ul>
401 */
402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
403   sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
404   const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
405   int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
406   void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
407   char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
408 );
409 
410 /*
411 ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
412 ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
413 **
414 ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
415 ** here in order to indicate success or failure.
416 **
417 ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
418 **
419 ** See also: [extended result code definitions]
420 */
421 #define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
422 /* beginning-of-error-codes */
423 #define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
424 #define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
425 #define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
426 #define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
427 #define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
428 #define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
429 #define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
430 #define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
431 #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
432 #define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
433 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
434 #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
435 #define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
436 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
437 #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
438 #define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
439 #define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
440 #define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
441 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
442 #define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
443 #define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
444 #define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
445 #define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
446 #define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
447 #define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
448 #define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
449 #define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
450 #define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
451 #define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
452 #define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
453 /* end-of-error-codes */
454 
455 /*
456 ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
457 ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
458 **
459 ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
460 ** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
461 ** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
462 ** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
463 ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
464 ** and later) include
465 ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
466 ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
467 ** on a per database connection basis using the
468 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
469 ** the most recent error can be obtained using
470 ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
471 */
472 #define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
473 #define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
474 #define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
475 #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
476 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
477 #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
478 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
479 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
480 #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
481 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
482 #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
483 #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
484 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
485 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
486 #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
487 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
488 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
489 #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
490 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
491 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
492 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
493 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
494 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
495 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
496 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
497 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
498 #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
499 #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
500 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
501 #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
502 #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
503 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
504 #define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
505 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
506 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
507 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
508 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
509 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
510 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
511 #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
512 #define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
513 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
514 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
515 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
516 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
517 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
518 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
519 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
520 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
521 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
522 #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
523 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
524 #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
525 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
526 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
527 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
528 #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
529 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
530 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
531 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
532 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
533 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
534 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
535 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
536 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
537 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
538 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
539 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
540 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
541 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
542 #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
543 #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
544 #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
545 #define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8))
546 
547 /*
548 ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
549 **
550 ** These bit values are intended for use in the
551 ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
552 ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
553 */
554 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
555 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
556 #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
557 #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
558 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
559 #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
560 #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
561 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
562 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
563 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
564 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
565 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
566 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
567 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
568 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
569 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
570 #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
571 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
572 #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
573 #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
574 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
575 
576 /* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
577 /* Legacy compatibility: */
578 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
579 
580 
581 /*
582 ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
583 **
584 ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
585 ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
586 ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
587 ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
588 ** refers to.
589 **
590 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
591 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
592 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
593 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
594 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
595 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
596 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
597 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
598 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
599 ** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
600 ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
601 ** file that were written at the application level might have changed
602 ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
603 ** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
604 ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
605 ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
606 ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
607 ** elevated privileges.
608 **
609 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
610 ** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
611 ** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
612 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
613 */
614 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
615 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
616 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
617 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
618 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
619 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
620 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
621 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
622 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
623 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
624 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
625 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
626 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
627 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
628 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
629 
630 /*
631 ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
632 **
633 ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
634 ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
635 ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
636 */
637 #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
638 #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
639 #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
640 #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
641 #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
642 
643 /*
644 ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
645 **
646 ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
647 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
648 ** these integer values as the second argument.
649 **
650 ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
651 ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
652 ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
653 ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
654 ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
655 ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
656 **
657 ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
658 ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
659 ** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
660 ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
661 ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
662 ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
663 ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
664 ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
665 ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
666 ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
667 ** cares about the difference.)
668 */
669 #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
670 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
671 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
672 
673 /*
674 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
675 **
676 ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
677 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
678 ** implementations will
679 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
680 ** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
681 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
682 ** I/O operations on the open file.
683 */
684 typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
685 struct sqlite3_file {
686   const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
687 };
688 
689 /*
690 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
691 **
692 ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
693 ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
694 ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
695 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
696 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
697 **
698 ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
699 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
700 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
701 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
702 ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
703 ** to NULL.
704 **
705 ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
706 ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
707 ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
708 ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
709 ** and not its inode needs to be synced.
710 **
711 ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
712 ** <ul>
713 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
714 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
715 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
716 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
717 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
718 ** </ul>
719 ** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.
720 ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
721 ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
722 ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
723 ** if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
724 **
725 ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
726 ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
727 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
728 ** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
729 ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
730 ** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
731 ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
732 ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
733 ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
734 ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
735 ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
736 ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
737 ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
738 ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
739 ** recognize.
740 **
741 ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
742 ** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
743 ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
744 ** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
745 ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
746 ** underlying device:
747 **
748 ** <ul>
749 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
750 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
751 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
752 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
753 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
754 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
755 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
756 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
757 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
758 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
759 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
760 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
761 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
762 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
763 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
764 ** </ul>
765 **
766 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
767 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
768 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
769 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
770 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
771 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
772 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
773 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
774 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
775 ** to xWrite().
776 **
777 ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
778 ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
779 ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
780 ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
781 ** database corruption.
782 */
783 typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
784 struct sqlite3_io_methods {
785   int iVersion;
786   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
787   int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
788   int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
789   int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
790   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
791   int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
792   int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
793   int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
794   int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
795   int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
796   int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
797   int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
798   /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
799   int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
800   int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
801   void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
802   int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
803   /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
804   int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
805   int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
806   /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
807   /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
808 };
809 
810 /*
811 ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
812 ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
813 **
814 ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
815 ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
816 ** interface.
817 **
818 ** <ul>
819 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
820 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
821 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
822 ** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
823 ** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
824 ** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
825 ** is used during testing and is only available when the SQLITE_TEST
826 ** compile-time option is used.
827 **
828 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
829 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
830 ** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
831 ** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
832 ** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
833 ** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
834 ** file run faster.
835 **
836 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
837 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
838 ** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
839 ** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
840 ** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
841 ** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
842 ** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
843 ** pointed to is set to the new limit.
844 **
845 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
846 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
847 ** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
848 ** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
849 ** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
850 ** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
851 ** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
852 ** improve performance on some systems.
853 **
854 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
855 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
856 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
857 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
858 **
859 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
860 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
861 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
862 ** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
863 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
864 **
865 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
866 ** No longer in use.
867 **
868 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
869 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
870 ** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
871 ** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
872 ** because the user has configured SQLite with
873 ** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
874 ** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
875 ** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
876 ** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
877 ** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
878 ** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
879 ** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
880 ** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
881 **
882 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
883 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
884 ** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
885 ** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
886 ** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
887 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
888 ** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
889 **
890 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
891 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
892 ** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
893 ** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
894 ** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
895 ** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
896 ** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
897 ** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
898 ** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
899 ** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
900 ** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
901 ** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
902 ** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
903 ** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
904 ** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
905 ** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
906 **
907 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
908 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
909 ** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
910 ** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
911 ** files used for transaction control
912 ** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
913 ** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
914 ** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
915 ** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
916 ** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
917 ** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
918 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
919 ** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
920 ** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
921 ** WAL persistence setting.
922 **
923 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
924 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
925 ** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
926 ** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
927 ** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
928 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
929 ** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
930 ** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
931 ** zero-damage mode setting.
932 **
933 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
934 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
935 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
936 ** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
937 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
938 **
939 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
940 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
941 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names are of all VFS shims and the
942 ** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
943 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
944 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
945 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
946 ** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
947 ** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
948 ** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
949 ** is intended for diagnostic use only.
950 **
951 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
952 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
953 ** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
954 ** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
955 ** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcodes will set *X
956 ** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
957 ** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
958 ** upper-most shim only.
959 **
960 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
961 ** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
962 ** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
963 ** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
964 ** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
965 ** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
966 ** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
967 ** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
968 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
969 ** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
970 ** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
971 ** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
972 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
973 ** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
974 ** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
975 ** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
976 ** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
977 ** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
978 ** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
979 ** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
980 ** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
981 ** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
982 ** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
983 ** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
984 **
985 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
986 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
987 ** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
988 ** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
989 ** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
990 ** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
991 ** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
992 ** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
993 ** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
994 ** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
995 ** current operation.
996 **
997 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
998 ** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
999 ** to have SQLite generate a
1000 ** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1001 ** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1002 ** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1003 ** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1004 ** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1005 **
1006 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1007 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1008 ** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1009 ** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1010 ** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1011 ** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1012 ** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1013 ** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1014 ** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1015 **
1016 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1017 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1018 ** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1019 ** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1020 ** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1021 ** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1022 ** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1023 **
1024 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1025 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1026 ** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1027 ** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1028 ** was first opened.
1029 **
1030 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1031 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1032 ** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1033 ** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1034 ** writes the resulting value there.
1035 **
1036 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1037 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1038 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1039 ** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1040 ** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1041 **
1042 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1043 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1044 ** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1045 ** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1046 ** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1047 ** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1048 **
1049 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1050 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1051 ** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1052 **
1053 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1054 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1055 ** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1056 ** this opcode.
1057 **
1058 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1059 ** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1060 ** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1061 ** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1062 ** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1063 ** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1064 ** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1065 ** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1066 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1067 ** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1068 ** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1069 ** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1070 **
1071 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1072 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1073 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1074 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1075 ** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1076 ** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1077 ** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1078 ** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1079 ** write operations are independent.
1080 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1081 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1082 **
1083 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1084 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1085 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1086 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1087 ** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1088 ** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1089 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1090 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1091 **
1092 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1093 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1094 ** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1095 ** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1096 ** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1097 ** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1098 ** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1099 **
1100 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1101 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1102 ** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1103 ** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1104 ** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1105 ** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1106 ** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1107 ** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1108 ** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1109 ** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1110 ** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1111 ** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1112 ** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1113 ** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1114 ** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1115 ** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1116 ** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1117 ** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1118 ** a particular attached database.
1119 **
1120 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1121 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1122 ** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1123 ** file to the database file.
1124 **
1125 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1126 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1127 ** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1128 ** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1129 ** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1130 ** </ul>
1131 */
1132 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1133 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1134 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1135 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1136 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1137 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1138 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1139 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1140 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1141 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1142 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1143 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1144 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1145 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1146 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1147 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1148 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1149 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1150 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1151 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1152 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1153 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1154 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1155 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1156 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1157 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1158 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1159 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1160 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1161 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1162 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1163 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1164 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1165 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1166 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1167 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1168 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1169 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1170 
1171 /* deprecated names */
1172 #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1173 #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1174 #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1175 
1176 
1177 /*
1178 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1179 **
1180 ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1181 ** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1182 ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1183 ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1184 **
1185 ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1186 */
1187 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1188 
1189 /*
1190 ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1191 **
1192 ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1193 ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1194 ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1195 ** on some platforms.
1196 */
1197 typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1198 
1199 /*
1200 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1201 **
1202 ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1203 ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1204 ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1205 ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1206 **
1207 ** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1208 ** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1209 ** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1210 ** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1211 ** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1212 ** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1213 ** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1214 ** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1215 ** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1216 ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1217 ** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1218 ** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1219 **
1220 ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1221 ** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1222 ** a pathname in this VFS.
1223 **
1224 ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1225 ** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1226 ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1227 ** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1228 ** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1229 ** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1230 **
1231 ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1232 ** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1233 ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1234 ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1235 ** object once the object has been registered.
1236 **
1237 ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1238 ** be unique across all VFS modules.
1239 **
1240 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1241 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1242 ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1243 ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1244 ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1245 ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1246 ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1247 ** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1248 ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1249 ** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1250 ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1251 ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1252 ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1253 ** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1254 ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1255 ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1256 **
1257 ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1258 ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1259 ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1260 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1261 ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1262 ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1263 **
1264 ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1265 ** call, depending on the object being opened:
1266 **
1267 ** <ul>
1268 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1269 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1270 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1271 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1272 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1273 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1274 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1275 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1276 ** </ul>)^
1277 **
1278 ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1279 ** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1280 ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1281 ** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1282 ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1283 ** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1284 ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1285 ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1286 **
1287 ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1288 **
1289 ** <ul>
1290 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1291 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1292 ** </ul>
1293 **
1294 ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1295 ** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1296 ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1297 ** databases, and subjournals.
1298 **
1299 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1300 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1301 ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1302 ** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1303 ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1304 ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1305 ** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1306 ** for exclusive access.
1307 **
1308 ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1309 ** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1310 ** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1311 ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1312 ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1313 ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1314 ** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1315 ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1316 ** or failure of the xOpen call.
1317 **
1318 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1319 ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1320 ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1321 ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1322 ** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1323 ** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1324 ** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1325 ** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1326 ** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1327 ** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1328 ** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1329 ** whether or not the file is accessible.
1330 **
1331 ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1332 ** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1333 ** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1334 ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1335 ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1336 ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1337 **
1338 ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1339 ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1340 ** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1341 ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1342 ** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1343 ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1344 ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1345 ** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1346 ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1347 ** a floating point value.
1348 ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1349 ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1350 ** a 24-hour day).
1351 ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1352 ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1353 ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1354 ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1355 **
1356 ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNestSystemCall() interfaces
1357 ** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1358 ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1359 ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1360 ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1361 ** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1362 ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1363 ** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1364 ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1365 ** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1366 ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1367 */
1368 typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1369 typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1370 struct sqlite3_vfs {
1371   int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1372   int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1373   int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1374   sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1375   const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1376   void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1377   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
1378                int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1379   int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1380   int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1381   int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1382   void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1383   void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1384   void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1385   void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1386   int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1387   int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1388   int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1389   int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1390   /*
1391   ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1392   ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1393   */
1394   int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1395   /*
1396   ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1397   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1398   */
1399   int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1400   sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1401   const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1402   /*
1403   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1404   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1405   ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1406   */
1407 };
1408 
1409 /*
1410 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1411 **
1412 ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1413 ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1414 ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1415 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1416 ** simply checks whether the file exists.
1417 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1418 ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1419 ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1420 ** the directory).
1421 ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1422 ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1423 ** release of SQLite.
1424 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1425 ** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1426 ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1427 ** SQLite.
1428 */
1429 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1430 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1431 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1432 
1433 /*
1434 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1435 **
1436 ** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1437 ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1438 ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1439 ** xShmLock method:
1440 **
1441 ** <ul>
1442 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1443 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1444 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1445 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1446 ** </ul>
1447 **
1448 ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1449 ** was given on the corresponding lock.
1450 **
1451 ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1452 ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1453 ** and EXCLUSIVE.
1454 */
1455 #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1456 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1457 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1458 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1459 
1460 /*
1461 ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1462 **
1463 ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1464 ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1465 ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1466 ** lock outside of this range
1467 */
1468 #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1469 
1470 
1471 /*
1472 ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1473 **
1474 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1475 ** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1476 ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1477 ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1478 ** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1479 ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1480 **
1481 ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1482 ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1483 ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1484 ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1485 ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1486 ** are harmless no-ops.)^
1487 **
1488 ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1489 ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1490 ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1491 ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1492 **
1493 ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1494 ** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1495 ** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1496 ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1497 ** sqlite3_shutdown().
1498 **
1499 ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1500 ** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1501 ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1502 **
1503 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1504 ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1505 ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1506 ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1507 **
1508 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1509 ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1510 ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1511 ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1512 ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not be initialized
1513 ** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1514 ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1515 ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1516 ** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1517 ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1518 ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1519 ** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1520 ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1521 ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1522 **
1523 ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1524 ** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1525 ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1526 ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1527 ** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1528 ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1529 ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1530 **
1531 ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1532 ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1533 ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1534 ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1535 ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1536 ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1537 ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1538 ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1539 ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1540 ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1541 ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1542 ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1543 ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1544 ** failure.
1545 */
1546 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1547 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1548 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1549 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1550 
1551 /*
1552 ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1553 **
1554 ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1555 ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1556 ** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1557 ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1558 ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1559 **
1560 ** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1561 ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1562 ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1563 **
1564 ** The sqlite3_config() interface
1565 ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1566 ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1567 ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1568 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] then it will return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1569 ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1570 ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1571 **
1572 ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1573 ** [configuration option] that determines
1574 ** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1575 ** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1576 ** in the first argument.
1577 **
1578 ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1579 ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1580 ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1581 */
1582 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1583 
1584 /*
1585 ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1586 ** METHOD: sqlite3
1587 **
1588 ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1589 ** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1590 ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1591 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1592 **
1593 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1594 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1595 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1596 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1597 **
1598 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1599 ** the call is considered successful.
1600 */
1601 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1602 
1603 /*
1604 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1605 **
1606 ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1607 ** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1608 **
1609 ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1610 ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1611 ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1612 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1613 ** By creating an instance of this object
1614 ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1615 ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1616 ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1617 ** dynamic memory needs.
1618 **
1619 ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1620 ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1621 ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1622 ** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1623 ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1624 ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1625 ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1626 ** conditions.
1627 **
1628 ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1629 ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1630 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1631 ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1632 **
1633 ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1634 ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1635 ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1636 **
1637 ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1638 ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1639 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1640 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1641 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1642 ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1643 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1644 **
1645 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1646 ** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1647 ** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1648 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1649 ** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1650 ** xInit and xShutdown.
1651 **
1652 ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1653 ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1654 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1655 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1656 ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1657 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1658 ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1659 ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1660 ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1661 ** serialization.
1662 **
1663 ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1664 ** call to xShutdown().
1665 */
1666 typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1667 struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1668   void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1669   void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1670   void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1671   int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1672   int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1673   int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1674   void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1675   void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1676 };
1677 
1678 /*
1679 ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1680 ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1681 **
1682 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1683 ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1684 **
1685 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1686 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1687 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1688 ** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1689 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1690 ** is invoked.
1691 **
1692 ** <dl>
1693 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1694 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1695 ** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1696 ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1697 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1698 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1699 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1700 ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1701 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1702 ** configuration option.</dd>
1703 **
1704 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1705 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1706 ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1707 ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1708 ** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1709 ** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1710 ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1711 ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1712 ** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1713 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1714 ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1715 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1716 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1717 **
1718 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1719 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1720 ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1721 ** all mutexes including the recursive
1722 ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1723 ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1724 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1725 ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1726 ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1727 ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1728 ** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1729 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1730 ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1731 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1732 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1733 **
1734 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1735 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1736 ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1737 ** The argument specifies
1738 ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1739 ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1740 ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1741 ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1742 **
1743 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1744 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1745 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1746 ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1747 ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1748 ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1749 ** routines with a wrapper that simulations memory allocation failure or
1750 ** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1751 **
1752 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1753 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes single argument of
1754 ** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1755 ** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1756 ** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1757 ** but some application might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1758 ** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1759 ** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1760 ** </dd>
1761 **
1762 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1763 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes single argument of type int,
1764 ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1765 ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1766 ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1767 **   <ul>
1768 **   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1769 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1770 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1771 **   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1772 **   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1773 **   </ul>)^
1774 ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1775 ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1776 ** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1777 ** </dd>
1778 **
1779 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1780 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1781 ** </dd>
1782 **
1783 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1784 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1785 ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1786 ** cache implementation.
1787 ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1788 ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1789 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1790 ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1791 ** and the number of cache lines (N).
1792 ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1793 ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1794 ** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1795 ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1796 ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1797 ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1798 ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1799 ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1800 ** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1801 ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1802 ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1803 ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1804 ** is exhausted.
1805 ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1806 ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1807 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1808 ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative, . ^If additional
1809 ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1810 ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1811 ** additional cache line. </dd>
1812 **
1813 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1814 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1815 ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1816 ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1817 ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1818 ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1819 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1820 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1821 ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1822 ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1823 ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1824 ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1825 ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1826 ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1827 ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1828 ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1829 ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1830 ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1831 ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1832 **
1833 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1834 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1835 ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
1836 ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
1837 ** in place the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
1838 ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
1839 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
1840 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1841 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1842 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
1843 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1844 **
1845 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
1846 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
1847 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
1848 ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
1849 ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
1850 ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
1851 ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
1852 ** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1853 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1854 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
1855 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
1856 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
1857 **
1858 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
1859 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
1860 ** the default size of lookaside memory on each [database connection].
1861 ** The first argument is the
1862 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot and the second is the number of
1863 ** slots allocated to each database connection.)^  ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE
1864 ** sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size. The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]
1865 ** option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can be used to change the lookaside
1866 ** configuration on individual connections.)^ </dd>
1867 **
1868 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
1869 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
1870 ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
1871 ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
1872 ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
1873 **
1874 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
1875 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
1876 ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies of
1877 ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
1878 **
1879 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
1880 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
1881 ** global [error log].
1882 ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
1883 ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
1884 ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
1885 ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
1886 ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
1887 ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
1888 ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
1889 ** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
1890 ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
1891 ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
1892 ** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
1893 ** log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
1894 ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
1895 ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
1896 ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
1897 ** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
1898 **
1899 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
1900 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
1901 ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
1902 ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
1903 ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
1904 ** [sqlite3_open16()] or
1905 ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
1906 ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
1907 ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
1908 ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
1909 ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
1910 ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
1911 ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
1912 **
1913 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
1914 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
1915 ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
1916 ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
1917 ** ^The default setting is determined
1918 ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
1919 ** if that compile-time option is omitted.
1920 ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
1921 ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
1922 ** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
1923 ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
1924 ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
1925 **
1926 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
1927 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
1928 ** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
1929 ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
1930 ** </dd>
1931 **
1932 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
1933 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
1934 ** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
1935 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
1936 ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
1937 ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
1938 ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
1939 ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
1940 ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
1941 ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
1942 ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
1943 ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
1944 ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
1945 ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
1946 ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
1947 ** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
1948 **
1949 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
1950 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
1951 ** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
1952 ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
1953 ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
1954 ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
1955 ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
1956 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
1957 ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
1958 ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
1959 ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
1960 ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
1961 ** changed to its compile-time default.
1962 **
1963 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
1964 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
1965 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
1966 ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
1967 ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
1968 ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
1969 **
1970 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
1971 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1972 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
1973 ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
1974 ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1975 ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
1976 ** target platform, and SQLite version.
1977 **
1978 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
1979 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
1980 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
1981 ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
1982 ** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
1983 ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
1984 ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
1985 ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
1986 ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
1987 ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
1988 **
1989 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
1990 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
1991 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
1992 ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
1993 ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
1994 ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
1995 ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
1996 ** exclusively in memory.
1997 ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
1998 ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
1999 ** I/O required to support statement rollback.
2000 ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2001 ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2002 **
2003 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2004 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2005 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2006 ** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2007 ** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2008 ** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2009 ** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2010 ** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2011 ** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2012 ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2013 ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2014 ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2015 ** negative value for this option restores the default behaviour.
2016 ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2017 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2018 **
2019 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2020 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2021 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2022 ** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2023 ** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2024 ** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2025 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2026 ** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2027 ** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2028 ** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2029 ** </dl>
2030 */
2031 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD  1  /* nil */
2032 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD   2  /* nil */
2033 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED    3  /* nil */
2034 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC        4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2035 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC     5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2036 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH       6  /* No longer used */
2037 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE     7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2038 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP          8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2039 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS     9  /* boolean */
2040 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX        10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2041 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX     11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2042 /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC 12 which is now unused. */
2043 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE    13  /* int int */
2044 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE       14  /* no-op */
2045 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE    15  /* no-op */
2046 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG          16  /* xFunc, void* */
2047 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI          17  /* int */
2048 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2      18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2049 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2   19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2050 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2051 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG       21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2052 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE    22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2053 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2054 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2055 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2056 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2057 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2058 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2059 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2060 
2061 /*
2062 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2063 **
2064 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2065 ** can be passed as the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2066 **
2067 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2068 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2069 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2070 ** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2071 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2072 ** is invoked.
2073 **
2074 ** <dl>
2075 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2076 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2077 ** <dd> ^This option takes three additional arguments that determine the
2078 ** [lookaside memory allocator] configuration for the [database connection].
2079 ** ^The first argument (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()] is a
2080 ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2081 ** ^The first argument after the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE verb
2082 ** may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2083 ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()]. ^The second argument is the
2084 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  ^The third argument is the number of
2085 ** slots.  The size of the buffer in the first argument must be greater than
2086 ** or equal to the product of the second and third arguments.  The buffer
2087 ** must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.  ^If the second argument to
2088 ** SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE is not a multiple of 8, it is internally
2089 ** rounded down to the next smaller multiple of 8.  ^(The lookaside memory
2090 ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2091 ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2092 ** when the "current value" returned by
2093 ** [sqlite3_db_status](D,[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE],...) is zero.
2094 ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2095 ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2096 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].)^</dd>
2097 **
2098 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2099 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2100 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2101 ** [foreign key constraints].  There should be two additional arguments.
2102 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2103 ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2104 ** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2105 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2106 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2107 ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2108 **
2109 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2110 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2111 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2112 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2113 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2114 ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2115 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2116 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2117 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2118 ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back. </dd>
2119 **
2120 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2121 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2122 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2123 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2124 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2125 ** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2126 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2127 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2128 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2129 ** which case the view setting is not reported back. </dd>
2130 **
2131 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2132 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2133 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the
2134 ** [fts3_tokenizer()] function which is part of the
2135 ** [FTS3] full-text search engine extension.
2136 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2137 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable fts3_tokenizer() or
2138 ** positive to enable fts3_tokenizer() or negative to leave the setting
2139 ** unchanged.
2140 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2141 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether fts3_tokenizer is disabled or enabled
2142 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2143 ** which case the new setting is not reported back. </dd>
2144 **
2145 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2146 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2147 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2148 ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2149 ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2150 ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2151 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2152 ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2153 ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2154 ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2155 ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to state of either the
2156 ** C-API or the SQL function.
2157 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2158 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2159 ** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2160 ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2161 ** </dd>
2162 **
2163 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2164 ** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2165 ** schema.  ^The sole argument is a pointer to a constant UTF8 string
2166 ** which will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite
2167 ** does not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2168 ** must ensure that the argument passed into this DBCONFIG option is unchanged
2169 ** until after the database connection closes.
2170 ** </dd>
2171 **
2172 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2173 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2174 ** <dd> Usually, when a database in wal mode is closed or detached from a
2175 ** database handle, SQLite checks if this will mean that there are now no
2176 ** connections at all to the database. If so, it performs a checkpoint
2177 ** operation before closing the connection. This option may be used to
2178 ** override this behaviour. The first parameter passed to this operation
2179 ** is an integer - positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the
2180 ** default) to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2181 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer
2182 ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2183 ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2184 ** </dd>
2185 **
2186 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2187 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2188 ** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2189 ** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2190 ** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2191 ** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2192 ** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2193 ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2194 ** was used during testing in the lab.
2195 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2196 ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2197 ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2198 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2199 ** following this call.
2200 ** </dd>
2201 **
2202 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2203 ** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2204 ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2205 ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2206 ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2207 ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2208 ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2209 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2210 ** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2211 ** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2212 ** </dd>
2213 **
2214 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2215 ** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2216 ** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2217 ** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2218 ** a badly corrupted database file:
2219 ** <ol>
2220 ** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2221 **      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2222 **      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2223 **      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2224 **      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2225 **      the reset.
2226 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2227 ** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2228 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2229 ** </ol>
2230 ** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2231 ** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to help
2232 ** ensure that it does not happen by accident.
2233 **
2234 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2235 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2236 ** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2237 ** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2238 ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2239 ** features include but are not limited to the following:
2240 ** <ul>
2241 ** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2242 ** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2243 ** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2244 ** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2245 ** </ul>
2246 ** </dd>
2247 **
2248 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2249 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2250 ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2251 ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2252 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2253 ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2254 ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2255 ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2256 ** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2257 ** </dd>
2258 **
2259 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2260 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2261 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2262 ** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such it
2263 ** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2264 ** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2265 ** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2266 ** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2267 ** </dd>
2268 **
2269 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2270 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</td>
2271 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2272 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2273 ** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2274 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2275 ** compile-time option.
2276 ** </dd>
2277 **
2278 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2279 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</td>
2280 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2281 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2282 ** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2283 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2284 ** compile-time option.
2285 ** </dd>
2286 **
2287 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2288 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</td>
2289 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2290 ** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2291 ** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2292 ** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2293 ** including:
2294 ** <ul>
2295 ** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2296 ** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2297 ** partial indexes, or generated columns
2298 ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2299 ** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2300 ** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2301 ** </ul>
2302 ** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2303 ** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2304 ** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2305 ** </dd>
2306 **
2307 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2308 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</td>
2309 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2310 ** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2311 ** created database file to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2312 ** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2313 ** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2314 ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2315 ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2316 ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2317 ** is now scarcely any need to generated database files that are compatible
2318 ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2319 ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2320 ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2321 ** 3.0.0.
2322 ** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2323 ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2324 ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2325 ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2326 ** either generated columns or decending indexes.
2327 ** </dd>
2328 ** </dl>
2329 */
2330 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2331 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2332 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2333 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2334 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2335 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2336 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2337 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2338 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2339 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2340 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2341 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2342 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2343 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2344 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2345 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2346 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2347 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2348 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1017 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2349 
2350 /*
2351 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2352 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2353 **
2354 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2355 ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2356 ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2357 */
2358 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2359 
2360 /*
2361 ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2362 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2363 **
2364 ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2365 ** has a unique 64-bit signed
2366 ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2367 ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2368 ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2369 ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2370 ** is another alias for the rowid.
2371 **
2372 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2373 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2374 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2375 ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2376 ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2377 ** zero.
2378 **
2379 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2380 ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2381 ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2382 **
2383 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2384 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2385 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2386 ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2387 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2388 ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2389 ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2390 ** control to the user.
2391 **
2392 ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2393 ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2394 ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2395 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2396 **
2397 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2398 ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2399 ** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2400 ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2401 ** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2402 ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2403 ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2404 ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2405 ** the return value of this interface.)^
2406 **
2407 ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2408 ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2409 **
2410 ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2411 ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2412 **
2413 ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2414 ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2415 ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2416 ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2417 ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2418 ** last insert [rowid].
2419 */
2420 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2421 
2422 /*
2423 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2424 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2425 **
2426 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2427 ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2428 ** without inserting a row into the database.
2429 */
2430 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2431 
2432 /*
2433 ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2434 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2435 **
2436 ** ^This function returns the number of rows modified, inserted or
2437 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2438 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2439 ** ^Executing any other type of SQL statement does not modify the value
2440 ** returned by this function.
2441 **
2442 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2443 ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2444 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2445 **
2446 ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2447 ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2448 ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2449 ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2450 ** tables are counted.
2451 **
2452 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2453 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2454 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2455 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2456 **
2457 ** <ul>
2458 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2459 **        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2460 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2461 **
2462 **   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2463 **        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2464 **        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2465 **        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2466 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2467 ** </ul>
2468 **
2469 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2470 ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2471 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2472 ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2473 ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2474 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2475 **
2476 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2477 ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2478 ** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2479 **
2480 ** See also:
2481 ** <ul>
2482 ** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2483 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2484 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2485 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2486 ** </ul>
2487 */
2488 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2489 
2490 /*
2491 ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2492 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2493 **
2494 ** ^This function returns the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2495 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2496 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2497 ** part of trigger programs. ^Executing any other type of SQL statement
2498 ** does not affect the value returned by sqlite3_total_changes().
2499 **
2500 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2501 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2502 ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2503 ** are not counted.
2504 **
2505 ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2506 ** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2507 ** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2508 ** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2509 ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2510 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2511 **
2512 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2513 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2514 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2515 **
2516 ** See also:
2517 ** <ul>
2518 ** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2519 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2520 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2521 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2522 ** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2523 ** </ul>
2524 */
2525 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2526 
2527 /*
2528 ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2529 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2530 **
2531 ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2532 ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2533 ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2534 ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2535 ** immediately.
2536 **
2537 ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2538 ** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2539 ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2540 ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2541 **
2542 ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2543 ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2544 ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2545 **
2546 ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2547 ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2548 ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2549 ** will be rolled back automatically.
2550 **
2551 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2552 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2553 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2554 ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2555 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2556 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2557 ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2558 ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2559 ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2560 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2561 */
2562 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2563 
2564 /*
2565 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2566 **
2567 ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2568 ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2569 ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2570 ** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2571 ** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2572 ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2573 ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2574 ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2575 ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2576 ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2577 ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2578 **
2579 ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2580 ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2581 **
2582 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements thus
2583 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2584 **
2585 ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2586 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2587 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2588 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2589 ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2590 **
2591 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2592 ** UTF-8 string.
2593 **
2594 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2595 ** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2596 */
2597 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2598 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2599 
2600 /*
2601 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2602 ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2603 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2604 **
2605 ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2606 ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
2607 ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
2608 ** [database connection] D when another thread
2609 ** or process has the table locked.
2610 ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
2611 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
2612 **
2613 ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
2614 ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
2615 ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
2616 **
2617 ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
2618 ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
2619 ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
2620 ** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
2621 ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
2622 ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
2623 ** to the application.
2624 ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
2625 ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
2626 **
2627 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
2628 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
2629 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
2630 ** to the application instead of invoking the
2631 ** busy handler.
2632 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
2633 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
2634 ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
2635 ** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
2636 ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
2637 ** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
2638 ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
2639 ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
2640 ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
2641 ** the second process to proceed.
2642 **
2643 ** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
2644 **
2645 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
2646 ** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
2647 ** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
2648 ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
2649 ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
2650 **
2651 ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
2652 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
2653 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
2654 ** result in undefined behavior.
2655 **
2656 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
2657 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
2658 */
2659 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
2660 
2661 /*
2662 ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
2663 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2664 **
2665 ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
2666 ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
2667 ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
2668 ** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
2669 ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
2670 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2671 **
2672 ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
2673 ** turns off all busy handlers.
2674 **
2675 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
2676 ** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
2677 ** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
2678 ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
2679 **
2680 ** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
2681 */
2682 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
2683 
2684 /*
2685 ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
2686 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2687 **
2688 ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
2689 ** Use of this interface is not recommended.
2690 **
2691 ** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
2692 ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
2693 ** complete query results from one or more queries.
2694 **
2695 ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
2696 ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
2697 ** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
2698 ** and M be the number of columns.
2699 **
2700 ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
2701 ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
2702 ** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
2703 ** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
2704 ** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
2705 ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
2706 **
2707 ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
2708 ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
2709 ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
2710 **
2711 ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
2712 ** is as follows:
2713 **
2714 ** <blockquote><pre>
2715 **        Name        | Age
2716 **        -----------------------
2717 **        Alice       | 43
2718 **        Bob         | 28
2719 **        Cindy       | 21
2720 ** </pre></blockquote>
2721 **
2722 ** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
2723 ** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
2724 ** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
2725 **
2726 ** <blockquote><pre>
2727 **        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
2728 **        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
2729 **        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
2730 **        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
2731 **        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
2732 **        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
2733 **        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
2734 **        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
2735 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
2736 **
2737 ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
2738 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
2739 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
2740 ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
2741 **
2742 ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
2743 ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
2744 ** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
2745 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
2746 ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
2747 ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
2748 **
2749 ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
2750 ** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
2751 ** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
2752 ** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
2753 ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
2754 ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
2755 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
2756 */
2757 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
2758   sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
2759   const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
2760   char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
2761   int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
2762   int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
2763   char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
2764 );
2765 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
2766 
2767 /*
2768 ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
2769 **
2770 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
2771 ** from the standard C library.
2772 ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
2773 ** the standard library printf()
2774 ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
2775 ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
2776 **
2777 ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
2778 ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
2779 ** The strings returned by these two routines should be
2780 ** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
2781 ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
2782 ** memory to hold the resulting string.
2783 **
2784 ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
2785 ** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
2786 ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
2787 ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
2788 ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
2789 ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
2790 ** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
2791 ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
2792 ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
2793 ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
2794 ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
2795 ** now without breaking compatibility.
2796 **
2797 ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
2798 ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
2799 ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
2800 ** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
2801 ** written will be n-1 characters.
2802 **
2803 ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
2804 **
2805 ** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
2806 */
2807 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
2808 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
2809 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
2810 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
2811 
2812 /*
2813 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
2814 **
2815 ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
2816 ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
2817 ** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
2818 ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
2819 **
2820 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
2821 ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
2822 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
2823 ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
2824 ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
2825 ** a NULL pointer.
2826 **
2827 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
2828 ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
2829 ** of a signed 32-bit integer.
2830 **
2831 ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
2832 ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
2833 ** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
2834 ** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
2835 ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
2836 ** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
2837 ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
2838 ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
2839 ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
2840 ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
2841 **
2842 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
2843 ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
2844 ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
2845 ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
2846 ** sqlite3_malloc(N).
2847 ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
2848 ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
2849 ** sqlite3_free(X).
2850 ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
2851 ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
2852 ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
2853 ** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
2854 ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
2855 ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
2856 ** prior allocation is not freed.
2857 **
2858 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interfaces works the same as
2859 ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
2860 ** of a 32-bit signed integer.
2861 **
2862 ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
2863 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
2864 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
2865 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
2866 ** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
2867 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
2868 ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
2869 ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
2870 ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
2871 **
2872 ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
2873 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
2874 ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
2875 ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
2876 ** option is used.
2877 **
2878 ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2879 ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
2880 ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
2881 ** not yet been released.
2882 **
2883 ** The application must not read or write any part of
2884 ** a block of memory after it has been released using
2885 ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
2886 */
2887 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
2888 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
2889 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
2890 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
2891 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
2892 SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
2893 
2894 /*
2895 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
2896 **
2897 ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
2898 ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
2899 ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
2900 **
2901 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
2902 ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
2903 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
2904 ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
2905 ** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
2906 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
2907 ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
2908 ** but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
2909 ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
2910 **
2911 ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
2912 ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
2913 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
2914 ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
2915 ** prior to the reset.
2916 */
2917 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
2918 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
2919 
2920 /*
2921 ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
2922 **
2923 ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
2924 ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
2925 ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
2926 ** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
2927 ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
2928 **
2929 ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
2930 ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
2931 **
2932 ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
2933 ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
2934 ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
2935 ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
2936 ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
2937 ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
2938 ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
2939 ** method.
2940 */
2941 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
2942 
2943 /*
2944 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
2945 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2946 ** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
2947 **
2948 ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
2949 ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
2950 ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
2951 ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
2952 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
2953 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
2954 ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
2955 ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
2956 ** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
2957 ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
2958 ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
2959 ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
2960 ** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
2961 ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
2962 ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
2963 ** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
2964 **
2965 ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
2966 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
2967 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
2968 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
2969 ** access is denied.
2970 **
2971 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
2972 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
2973 ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
2974 ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
2975 ** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
2976 ** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
2977 ** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
2978 ** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
2979 **
2980 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
2981 ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
2982 ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
2983 ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
2984 ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
2985 ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
2986 ** columns of a table.
2987 ** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
2988 ** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
2989 ** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
2990 ** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
2991 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
2992 ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
2993 ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
2994 **
2995 ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
2996 ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
2997 ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
2998 ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
2999 ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
3000 ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3001 ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3002 ** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3003 ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3004 ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3005 **
3006 ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3007 ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3008 ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3009 ** in addition to using an authorizer.
3010 **
3011 ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3012 ** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3013 ** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3014 ** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3015 **
3016 ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3017 ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3018 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3019 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3020 **
3021 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3022 ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3023 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3024 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3025 **
3026 ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3027 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3028 ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3029 ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3030 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3031 */
3032 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3033   sqlite3*,
3034   int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3035   void *pUserData
3036 );
3037 
3038 /*
3039 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3040 **
3041 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3042 ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3043 ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3044 ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3045 ** information.
3046 **
3047 ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3048 ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3049 */
3050 #define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3051 #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3052 
3053 /*
3054 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3055 **
3056 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3057 ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3058 ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3059 ** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3060 ** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3061 **
3062 ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3063 ** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3064 ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3065 ** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3066 ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3067 ** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3068 ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3069 ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3070 ** top-level SQL code.
3071 */
3072 /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3073 #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3074 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3075 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3076 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3077 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3078 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3079 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3080 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3081 #define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3082 #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3083 #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3084 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3085 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3086 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3087 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3088 #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3089 #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3090 #define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3091 #define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3092 #define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3093 #define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3094 #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3095 #define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3096 #define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3097 #define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3098 #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3099 #define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3100 #define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3101 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3102 #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3103 #define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3104 #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3105 #define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3106 #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3107 
3108 /*
3109 ** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions
3110 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3111 **
3112 ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3113 ** instead of the routines described here.
3114 **
3115 ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3116 ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3117 **
3118 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3119 ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3120 ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3121 ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3122 ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3123 ** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3124 ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3125 **
3126 ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3127 ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3128 **
3129 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3130 ** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3131 ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3132 ** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3133 ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3134 ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3135 ** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3136 ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3137 ** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3138 ** profile callback.
3139 */
3140 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3141    void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3142 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3143    void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3144 
3145 /*
3146 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3147 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3148 **
3149 ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3150 ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3151 ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3152 ** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3153 ** is one of the following constants.
3154 **
3155 ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3156 **
3157 ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3158 ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3159 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3160 ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3161 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3162 **
3163 ** <dl>
3164 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3165 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3166 ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3167 ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3168 ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3169 ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3170 ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3171 ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3172 ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3173 ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3174 ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3175 **
3176 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3177 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3178 ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3179 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3180 ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is the estimated of
3181 ** the number of nanosecond that the prepared statement took to run.
3182 ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3183 **
3184 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3185 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3186 ** statement generates a single row of result.
3187 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3188 ** X argument is unused.
3189 **
3190 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3191 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3192 ** connection closes.
3193 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3194 ** and the X argument is unused.
3195 ** </dl>
3196 */
3197 #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3198 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3199 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3200 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3201 
3202 /*
3203 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3204 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3205 **
3206 ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3207 ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3208 ** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3209 ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3210 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3211 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3212 **
3213 ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2() overrides
3214 ** (cancels) any prior calls to sqlite3_trace() or sqlite3_trace_v2().
3215 **
3216 ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3217 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3218 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3219 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3220 **
3221 ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3222 ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3223 ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3224 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3225 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3226 **
3227 ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3228 ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3229 ** are deprecated.
3230 */
3231 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3232   sqlite3*,
3233   unsigned uMask,
3234   int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3235   void *pCtx
3236 );
3237 
3238 /*
3239 ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3240 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3241 **
3242 ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3243 ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3244 ** [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_get_table()] for
3245 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
3246 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3247 **
3248 ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3249 ** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3250 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3251 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3252 ** handler is disabled.
3253 **
3254 ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3255 ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3256 ** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3257 ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3258 ** than 1.
3259 **
3260 ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3261 ** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3262 ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3263 **
3264 ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3265 ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3266 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3267 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3268 **
3269 */
3270 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3271 
3272 /*
3273 ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3274 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3275 **
3276 ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3277 ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3278 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3279 ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3280 ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3281 ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3282 ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3283 ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3284 ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3285 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3286 ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3287 ** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3288 **
3289 ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3290 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3291 ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3292 **
3293 ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3294 ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3295 ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3296 **
3297 ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3298 ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3299 ** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3300 ** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3301 ** three flag combinations:)^
3302 **
3303 ** <dl>
3304 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3305 ** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does not
3306 ** already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3307 **
3308 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3309 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or reading
3310 ** only if the file is write protected by the operating system.  In either
3311 ** case the database must already exist, otherwise an error is returned.</dd>)^
3312 **
3313 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3314 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3315 ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3316 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3317 ** </dl>
3318 **
3319 ** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3320 ** also supported:
3321 **
3322 ** <dl>
3323 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3324 ** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3325 **
3326 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3327 ** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3328 ** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3329 ** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3330 ** </dd>)^
3331 **
3332 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3333 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3334 ** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3335 ** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3336 ** a different [database connection].
3337 **
3338 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3339 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3340 ** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3341 ** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3342 ** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3343 ** there is no harm in trying.)
3344 **
3345 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3346 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3347 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3348 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3349 **
3350 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3351 ** <dd>The database is opened [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3352 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3353 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3354 **
3355 ** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3356 ** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to be a symbolic link</dd>
3357 ** </dl>)^
3358 **
3359 ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3360 ** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3361 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3362 ** then the behavior is undefined.
3363 **
3364 ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3365 ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3366 ** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3367 ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3368 **
3369 ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3370 ** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3371 ** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3372 ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3373 ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3374 ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3375 ** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3376 **
3377 ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3378 ** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3379 ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3380 **
3381 ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3382 **
3383 ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3384 ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3385 ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3386 ** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3387 ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3388 ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3389 ** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3390 ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3391 ** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3392 ** information.
3393 **
3394 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3395 ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3396 ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3397 ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3398 ** present, is ignored.
3399 **
3400 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3401 ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3402 ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3403 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3404 ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3405 ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3406 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3407 **
3408 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
3409 ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3410 ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3411 ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3412 ** following query parameters:
3413 **
3414 ** <ul>
3415 **   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3416 **     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3417 **     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3418 **     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3419 **     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3420 **     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3421 **     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3422 **
3423 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3424 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3425 **     an error)^.
3426 **     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3427 **     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3428 **     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3429 **     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3430 **     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3431 **     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3432 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3433 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3434 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3435 **     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3436 **     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3437 **
3438 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3439 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3440 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3441 **     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3442 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3443 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3444 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3445 **     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3446 **
3447 **  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3448 **     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3449 **     storage media on which the database file resides.
3450 **
3451 **  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3452 **     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3453 **     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3454 **     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3455 **     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3456 **     processes uses nolock=1.
3457 **
3458 **  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3459 **     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3460 **     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3461 **     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3462 **     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3463 **     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3464 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3465 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3466 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3467 **
3468 ** </ul>
3469 **
3470 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3471 ** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3472 ** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3473 ** additional information.
3474 **
3475 ** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3476 **
3477 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3478 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3479 ** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3480 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3481 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3482 **          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3483 **          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3484 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3485 ** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3486 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3487 ** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3488 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3489 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3490 **          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3491 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3492 **          in URI filenames.
3493 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3494 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3495 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3496 **          default, use a private cache.
3497 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3498 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3499 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3500 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3501 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3502 ** </table>
3503 **
3504 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3505 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3506 ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3507 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3508 ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3509 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3510 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3511 ** the results are undefined.
3512 **
3513 ** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3514 ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3515 ** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3516 ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3517 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3518 **
3519 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3520 ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3521 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3522 **
3523 ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3524 */
3525 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3526   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3527   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3528 );
3529 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3530   const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3531   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3532 );
3533 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3534   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3535   sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3536   int flags,              /* Flags */
3537   const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
3538 );
3539 
3540 /*
3541 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
3542 **
3543 ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
3544 ** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
3545 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
3546 **
3547 ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
3548 ** as F) must be one of:
3549 ** <ul>
3550 ** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
3551 ** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implemention, or
3552 ** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
3553 ** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
3554 ** </ul>
3555 ** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
3556 ** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
3557 ** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
3558 **
3559 ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
3560 ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
3561 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
3562 ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
3563 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
3564 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
3565 ** a pointer to an empty string.
3566 **
3567 ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
3568 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
3569 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
3570 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
3571 ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
3572 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
3573 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
3574 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
3575 ** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
3576 ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
3577 **
3578 ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
3579 ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
3580 ** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
3581 ** zero is returned.
3582 **
3583 ** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
3584 ** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
3585 ** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
3586 ** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
3587 ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
3588 ** so forth.
3589 **
3590 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
3591 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
3592 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
3593 ** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
3594 ** and probably undesirable.
3595 **
3596 ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
3597 ** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
3598 ** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
3599 ** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
3600 ** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
3601 ** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
3602 ** main database file.
3603 **
3604 ** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
3605 */
3606 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(const char *zFilename, const char *zParam);
3607 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(const char *zFile, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
3608 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(const char*, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
3609 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_key(const char *zFilename, int N);
3610 
3611 /*
3612 ** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
3613 **
3614 ** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
3615 ** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
3616 ** and the WAL file.
3617 **
3618 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3619 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
3620 ** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
3621 **
3622 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3623 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
3624 ** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
3625 ** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
3626 **
3627 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
3628 ** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
3629 ** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
3630 ** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
3631 ** WAL file.
3632 **
3633 ** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
3634 ** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
3635 ** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
3636 ** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
3637 */
3638 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_database(const char*);
3639 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(const char*);
3640 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(const char*);
3641 
3642 /*
3643 ** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
3644 **
3645 ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
3646 ** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
3647 ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
3648 ** object that represents the main database file.
3649 **
3650 ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
3651 ** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
3652 ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
3653 ** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
3654 ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
3655 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
3656 ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
3657 ** behavior.
3658 */
3659 SQLITE_API sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
3660 
3661 /*
3662 ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
3663 **
3664 ** These interfces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
3665 ** are not useful outside of that context.
3666 **
3667 ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
3668 ** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
3669 ** with N URI parameters key/values pairs in the array P.  The result from
3670 ** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
3671 ** is safe to pass to routines like:
3672 ** <ul>
3673 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
3674 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
3675 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
3676 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
3677 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
3678 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
3679 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
3680 ** </ul>
3681 ** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
3682 ** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
3683 ** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3684 **
3685 ** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
3686 ** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
3687 ** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
3688 ** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
3689 ** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
3690 ** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
3691 ** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
3692 **
3693 ** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
3694 ** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
3695 ** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
3696 **
3697 ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
3698 ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
3699 ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
3700 ** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
3701 ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
3702 ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
3703 ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
3704 ** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
3705 */
3706 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_create_filename(
3707   const char *zDatabase,
3708   const char *zJournal,
3709   const char *zWal,
3710   int nParam,
3711   const char **azParam
3712 );
3713 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_filename(char*);
3714 
3715 /*
3716 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
3717 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3718 **
3719 ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
3720 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
3721 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
3722 ** API call.
3723 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3724 ** interface is the same except that it always returns the
3725 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
3726 ** disabled.
3727 **
3728 ** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
3729 ** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
3730 ** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
3731 ** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
3732 ** interfaces are:
3733 **
3734 ** <ul>
3735 ** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
3736 ** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
3737 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
3738 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
3739 ** </ul>
3740 **
3741 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
3742 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively.
3743 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
3744 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
3745 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
3746 ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
3747 **
3748 ** ^The sqlite3_errstr() interface returns the English-language text
3749 ** that describes the [result code], as UTF-8.
3750 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
3751 ** and must not be freed by the application)^.
3752 **
3753 ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
3754 ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
3755 ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
3756 ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
3757 ** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
3758 ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
3759 ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
3760 ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
3761 ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
3762 **
3763 ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
3764 ** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
3765 ** error code and message may or may not be set.
3766 */
3767 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3768 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
3769 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
3770 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
3771 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
3772 
3773 /*
3774 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
3775 ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
3776 **
3777 ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
3778 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
3779 **
3780 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
3781 ** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
3782 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
3783 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
3784 **
3785 ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
3786 **
3787 ** <ol>
3788 ** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
3789 ** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
3790 **      interfaces.
3791 ** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
3792 ** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
3793 **      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
3794 ** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
3795 ** </ol>
3796 */
3797 typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
3798 
3799 /*
3800 ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
3801 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3802 **
3803 ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
3804 ** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
3805 ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
3806 ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
3807 ** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
3808 ** new limit for that construct.)^
3809 **
3810 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
3811 ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
3812 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
3813 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
3814 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
3815 ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
3816 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
3817 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
3818 **
3819 ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
3820 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
3821 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
3822 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
3823 **
3824 ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
3825 ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
3826 ** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
3827 ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
3828 ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
3829 ** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
3830 ** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
3831 ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
3832 ** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
3833 ** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
3834 ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
3835 ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
3836 **
3837 ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
3838 */
3839 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
3840 
3841 /*
3842 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
3843 ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
3844 **
3845 ** These constants define various performance limits
3846 ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
3847 ** The synopsis of the meanings of the various limits is shown below.
3848 ** Additional information is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
3849 **
3850 ** <dl>
3851 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
3852 ** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
3853 **
3854 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
3855 ** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
3856 **
3857 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
3858 ** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
3859 ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
3860 ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
3861 **
3862 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
3863 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
3864 **
3865 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
3866 ** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
3867 **
3868 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
3869 ** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
3870 ** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
3871 ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
3872 ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
3873 **
3874 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
3875 ** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
3876 **
3877 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
3878 ** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
3879 **
3880 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
3881 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
3882 ** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
3883 ** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
3884 **
3885 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
3886 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
3887 ** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
3888 **
3889 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
3890 ** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
3891 **
3892 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
3893 ** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
3894 ** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
3895 ** </dl>
3896 */
3897 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
3898 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
3899 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
3900 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
3901 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
3902 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
3903 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
3904 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
3905 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
3906 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
3907 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
3908 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
3909 
3910 /*
3911 ** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
3912 **
3913 ** These constants define various flags that can be passed into
3914 ** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
3915 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
3916 **
3917 ** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
3918 **
3919 ** <dl>
3920 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
3921 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
3922 ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
3923 ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
3924 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
3925 ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
3926 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
3927 ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
3928 ** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
3929 ** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
3930 **
3931 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
3932 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
3933 ** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
3934 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
3935 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
3936 ** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
3937 ** flag.
3938 **
3939 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
3940 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
3941 ** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
3942 ** any virtual tables.
3943 ** </dl>
3944 */
3945 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
3946 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
3947 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
3948 
3949 /*
3950 ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
3951 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
3952 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3953 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
3954 **
3955 ** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
3956 ** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
3957 ** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
3958 **
3959 ** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
3960 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
3961 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra "prepFlags" option that is used
3962 ** for special purposes.
3963 **
3964 ** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
3965 ** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
3966 ** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
3967 ** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
3968 **
3969 ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
3970 ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
3971 ** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
3972 **
3973 ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
3974 ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
3975 ** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
3976 ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
3977 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
3978 **
3979 ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
3980 ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the
3981 ** number of bytes read from zSql.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
3982 ** statement is generated.
3983 ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
3984 ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
3985 ** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
3986 ** the nul-terminator.
3987 **
3988 ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
3989 ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
3990 ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
3991 ** what remains uncompiled.
3992 **
3993 ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
3994 ** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
3995 ** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
3996 ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
3997 ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
3998 ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
3999 ** ppStmt may not be NULL.
4000 **
4001 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4002 ** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4003 **
4004 ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4005 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4006 ** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4007 ** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4008 ** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4009 ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4010 ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4011 ** behave differently in three ways:
4012 **
4013 ** <ol>
4014 ** <li>
4015 ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4016 ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4017 ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4018 ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4019 ** </li>
4020 **
4021 ** <li>
4022 ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4023 ** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4024 ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4025 ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4026 ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4027 ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4028 ** </li>
4029 **
4030 ** <li>
4031 ** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4032 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4033 ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4034 ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4035 ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4036 ** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4037 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4038 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4039 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4040 ** </li>
4041 ** </ol>
4042 **
4043 ** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4044 ** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4045 ** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4046 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4047 ** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4048 */
4049 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
4050   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4051   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4052   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4053   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4054   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4055 );
4056 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4057   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4058   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4059   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4060   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4061   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4062 );
4063 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4064   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4065   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4066   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4067   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4068   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4069   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4070 );
4071 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
4072   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4073   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4074   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4075   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4076   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4077 );
4078 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4079   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4080   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4081   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4082   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4083   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4084 );
4085 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4086   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4087   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4088   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4089   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4090   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4091   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4092 );
4093 
4094 /*
4095 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4096 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4097 **
4098 ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4099 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4100 ** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4101 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4102 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4103 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4104 ** [bound parameters] expanded.
4105 ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4106 ** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4107 ** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4108 ** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4109 ** placeholders.
4110 **
4111 ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4112 ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4113 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4114 ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4115 ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4116 **
4117 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4118 ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4119 ** the maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4120 **
4121 ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4122 ** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4123 ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4124 **
4125 ** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4126 ** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4127 ** statement is finalized.
4128 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4129 ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be free by the application
4130 ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4131 */
4132 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4133 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4134 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4135 
4136 /*
4137 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4138 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4139 **
4140 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4141 ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4142 ** the content of the database file.
4143 **
4144 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4145 ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4146 ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4147 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4148 ** change the database file through side-effects:
4149 **
4150 ** <blockquote><pre>
4151 **    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4152 ** </pre></blockquote>
4153 **
4154 ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4155 ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4156 **
4157 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4158 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4159 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4160 ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4161 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4162 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4163 ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4164 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4165 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4166 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4167 ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4168 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4169 */
4170 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4171 
4172 /*
4173 ** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4174 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4175 **
4176 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4177 ** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4178 ** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4179 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4180 ** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4181 */
4182 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4183 
4184 /*
4185 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4186 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4187 **
4188 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4189 ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4190 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4191 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4192 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4193 ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4194 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4195 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4196 **
4197 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4198 ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4199 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4200 ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4201 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4202 */
4203 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4204 
4205 /*
4206 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4207 ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4208 **
4209 ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4210 ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4211 ** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4212 ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4213 **
4214 ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4215 ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4216 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4217 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4218 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4219 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4220 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4221 **
4222 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4223 ** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4224 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4225 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4226 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4227 ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4228 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4229 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4230 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4231 ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4232 ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4233 ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4234 **
4235 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4236 ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4237 ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4238 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4239 ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4240 ** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4241 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4242 ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4243 ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4244 */
4245 typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4246 
4247 /*
4248 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4249 **
4250 ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4251 ** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4252 ** is always first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4253 ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4254 ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4255 ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4256 ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4257 ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4258 */
4259 typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4260 
4261 /*
4262 ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4263 ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4264 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4265 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4266 **
4267 ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4268 ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of following
4269 ** templates:
4270 **
4271 ** <ul>
4272 ** <li>  ?
4273 ** <li>  ?NNN
4274 ** <li>  :VVV
4275 ** <li>  @VVV
4276 ** <li>  $VVV
4277 ** </ul>
4278 **
4279 ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4280 ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4281 ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4282 ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4283 **
4284 ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4285 ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4286 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4287 **
4288 ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4289 ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4290 ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4291 ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4292 ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4293 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4294 ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4295 ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4296 ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4297 **
4298 ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4299 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4300 ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4301 ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4302 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4303 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4304 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4305 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4306 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4307 ** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4308 ** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8, or UTF16
4309 ** otherwise.
4310 **
4311 ** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4312 ** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4313 ** found in first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4314 ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4315 ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4316 ** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4317 ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4318 ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4319 ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4320 **
4321 ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4322 ** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4323 ** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4324 ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4325 ** is negative, then the length of the string is
4326 ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4327 ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4328 ** the behavior is undefined.
4329 ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4330 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4331 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
4332 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4333 ** terminated.  If any NUL characters occurs at byte offsets less than
4334 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4335 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4336 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4337 **
4338 ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces
4339 ** is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
4340 ** string after SQLite has finished with it.  ^The destructor is called
4341 ** to dispose of the BLOB or string even if the call to the bind API fails,
4342 ** except the destructor is not called if the third parameter is a NULL
4343 ** pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4344 ** ^If the fifth argument is
4345 ** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
4346 ** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
4347 ** ^If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
4348 ** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
4349 ** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
4350 **
4351 ** ^The sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() must be one of
4352 ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE]
4353 ** to specify the encoding of the text in the third parameter.  If
4354 ** the sixth argument to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not one of the
4355 ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4356 ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4357 ** is undefined.
4358 **
4359 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4360 ** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4361 ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4362 ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4363 ** content is later written using
4364 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4365 ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4366 **
4367 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4368 ** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4369 ** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4370 ** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4371 ** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4372 ** P.  The T parameter should be a static string, preferably a string
4373 ** literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is part of the
4374 ** [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4375 **
4376 ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4377 ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4378 ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4379 ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4380 ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4381 ** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4382 **
4383 ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4384 ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4385 **
4386 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4387 ** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4388 ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4389 ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
4390 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
4391 ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
4392 ** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
4393 **
4394 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
4395 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4396 */
4397 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
4398 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
4399                         void(*)(void*));
4400 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
4401 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
4402 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
4403 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4404 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
4405 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
4406 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
4407                          void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
4408 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
4409 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
4410 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
4411 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
4412 
4413 /*
4414 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
4415 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4416 **
4417 ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
4418 ** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
4419 ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
4420 ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
4421 ** to the parameters at a later time.
4422 **
4423 ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
4424 ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
4425 ** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
4426 ** there may be gaps in the list.)^
4427 **
4428 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4429 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
4430 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4431 */
4432 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
4433 
4434 /*
4435 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
4436 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4437 **
4438 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
4439 ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
4440 ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4441 ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
4442 ** respectively.
4443 ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
4444 ** is included as part of the name.)^
4445 ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
4446 ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
4447 **
4448 ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
4449 **
4450 ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
4451 ** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
4452 ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
4453 ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
4454 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4455 **
4456 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4457 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4458 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
4459 */
4460 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
4461 
4462 /*
4463 ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
4464 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4465 **
4466 ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
4467 ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
4468 ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
4469 ** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
4470 ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
4471 ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
4472 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4473 **
4474 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
4475 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
4476 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
4477 */
4478 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
4479 
4480 /*
4481 ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
4482 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4483 **
4484 ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
4485 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
4486 ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
4487 */
4488 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
4489 
4490 /*
4491 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
4492 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4493 **
4494 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
4495 ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
4496 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
4497 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
4498 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
4499 ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
4500 ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
4501 **
4502 ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
4503 */
4504 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4505 
4506 /*
4507 ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
4508 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4509 **
4510 ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
4511 ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
4512 ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
4513 ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
4514 ** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
4515 ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
4516 ** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
4517 **
4518 ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
4519 ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4520 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4521 ** or until the next call to
4522 ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
4523 **
4524 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
4525 ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
4526 ** NULL pointer is returned.
4527 **
4528 ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
4529 ** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
4530 ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
4531 ** one release of SQLite to the next.
4532 */
4533 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4534 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
4535 
4536 /*
4537 ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
4538 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4539 **
4540 ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
4541 ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in
4542 ** [SELECT] statement.
4543 ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
4544 ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
4545 ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
4546 ** the origin_ routines return the column name.
4547 ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
4548 ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
4549 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
4550 ** or until the same information is requested
4551 ** again in a different encoding.
4552 **
4553 ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
4554 ** database, table, and column.
4555 **
4556 ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
4557 ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
4558 ** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
4559 ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
4560 **
4561 ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
4562 ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
4563 ** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
4564 ** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
4565 ** or column that query result column was extracted from.
4566 **
4567 ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
4568 ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
4569 **
4570 ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
4571 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
4572 **
4573 ** If two or more threads call one or more
4574 ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
4575 ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
4576 ** at the same time then the results are undefined.
4577 */
4578 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4579 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4580 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4581 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4582 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4583 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4584 
4585 /*
4586 ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
4587 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4588 **
4589 ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
4590 ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
4591 ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
4592 ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
4593 ** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
4594 ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
4595 ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
4596 **
4597 ** ^(For example, given the database schema:
4598 **
4599 ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
4600 **
4601 ** and the following statement to be compiled:
4602 **
4603 ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
4604 **
4605 ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
4606 ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
4607 **
4608 ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
4609 ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
4610 ** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
4611 ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
4612 ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
4613 ** used to hold those values.
4614 */
4615 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4616 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
4617 
4618 /*
4619 ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
4620 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4621 **
4622 ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
4623 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
4624 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
4625 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
4626 ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
4627 **
4628 ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
4629 ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
4630 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
4631 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
4632 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
4633 ** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
4634 ** interface will continue to be supported.
4635 **
4636 ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
4637 ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
4638 ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
4639 ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
4640 **
4641 ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
4642 ** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
4643 ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
4644 ** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
4645 ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
4646 ** continuing.
4647 **
4648 ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
4649 ** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
4650 ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
4651 ** machine back to its initial state.
4652 **
4653 ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
4654 ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
4655 ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
4656 ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
4657 **
4658 ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
4659 ** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
4660 ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
4661 ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
4662 ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
4663 ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
4664 ** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
4665 ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
4666 **
4667 ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
4668 ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
4669 ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
4670 ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
4671 ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
4672 ** more threads at the same moment in time.
4673 **
4674 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
4675 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
4676 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
4677 ** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
4678 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
4679 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1],
4680 ** sqlite3_step() began
4681 ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
4682 ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
4683 ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
4684 ** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
4685 ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
4686 **
4687 ** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
4688 ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
4689 ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
4690 ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
4691 ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
4692 ** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
4693 ** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
4694 ** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
4695 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
4696 ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
4697 ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
4698 ** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
4699 */
4700 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
4701 
4702 /*
4703 ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
4704 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4705 **
4706 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
4707 ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
4708 ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
4709 ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
4710 ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
4711 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
4712 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
4713 ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
4714 ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
4715 ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
4716 ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
4717 ** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
4718 **
4719 ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
4720 */
4721 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4722 
4723 /*
4724 ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
4725 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
4726 **
4727 ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
4728 **
4729 ** <ul>
4730 ** <li> 64-bit signed integer
4731 ** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
4732 ** <li> string
4733 ** <li> BLOB
4734 ** <li> NULL
4735 ** </ul>)^
4736 **
4737 ** These constants are codes for each of those types.
4738 **
4739 ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
4740 ** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
4741 ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
4742 ** SQLITE_TEXT.
4743 */
4744 #define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
4745 #define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
4746 #define SQLITE_BLOB     4
4747 #define SQLITE_NULL     5
4748 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
4749 # undef SQLITE_TEXT
4750 #else
4751 # define SQLITE_TEXT     3
4752 #endif
4753 #define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
4754 
4755 /*
4756 ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
4757 ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
4758 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4759 **
4760 ** <b>Summary:</b>
4761 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
4762 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
4763 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
4764 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
4765 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
4766 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
4767 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
4768 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
4769 ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
4770 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
4771 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
4772 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
4773 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
4774 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
4775 ** TEXT in bytes
4776 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
4777 ** datatype of the result
4778 ** </table></blockquote>
4779 **
4780 ** <b>Details:</b>
4781 **
4782 ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
4783 ** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
4784 ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
4785 ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
4786 ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
4787 ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
4788 ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
4789 ** [sqlite3_column_count()].
4790 **
4791 ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
4792 ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
4793 ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
4794 ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
4795 ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
4796 ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
4797 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
4798 ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
4799 ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
4800 ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
4801 ** are pending, then the results are undefined.
4802 **
4803 ** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
4804 ** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
4805 ** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
4806 ** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
4807 ** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
4808 **
4809 ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
4810 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
4811 ** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
4812 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
4813 ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
4814 ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
4815 ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
4816 ** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
4817 ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
4818 ** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
4819 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
4820 ** following a type conversion.
4821 **
4822 ** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4823 ** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
4824 ** of that BLOB or string.
4825 **
4826 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
4827 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4828 ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
4829 ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
4830 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
4831 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
4832 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4833 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
4834 **
4835 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4836 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
4837 ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
4838 ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
4839 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
4840 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
4841 ** the number of bytes in that string.
4842 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
4843 **
4844 ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
4845 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
4846 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
4847 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
4848 ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
4849 **
4850 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
4851 ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
4852 ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
4853 **
4854 ** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
4855 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
4856 ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
4857 ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
4858 ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
4859 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
4860 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
4861 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
4862 ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
4863 ** is normally only useful within the implementation of
4864 ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
4865 ** top-level application code.
4866 **
4867 ** The these routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
4868 ** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
4869 ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
4870 ** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
4871 ** that are applied:
4872 **
4873 ** <blockquote>
4874 ** <table border="1">
4875 ** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
4876 **
4877 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
4878 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
4879 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4880 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
4881 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
4882 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
4883 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
4884 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4885 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
4886 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
4887 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4888 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4889 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
4890 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
4891 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
4892 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
4893 ** </table>
4894 ** </blockquote>)^
4895 **
4896 ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
4897 ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
4898 ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
4899 ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
4900 ** in the following cases:
4901 **
4902 ** <ul>
4903 ** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
4904 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
4905 **      need to be added to the string.</li>
4906 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
4907 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
4908 **      to UTF-16.</li>
4909 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4910 **      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
4911 **      to UTF-8.</li>
4912 ** </ul>
4913 **
4914 ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
4915 ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
4916 ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
4917 ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
4918 ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
4919 **
4920 ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
4921 ** in one of the following ways:
4922 **
4923 ** <ul>
4924 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4925 **  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
4926 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
4927 ** </ul>
4928 **
4929 ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
4930 ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
4931 ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
4932 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
4933 ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
4934 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
4935 ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
4936 **
4937 ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
4938 ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
4939 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
4940 ** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
4941 ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
4942 ** [sqlite3_free()].
4943 **
4944 ** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
4945 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
4946 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
4947 ** errors:
4948 **
4949 ** <ul>
4950 ** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
4951 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
4952 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
4953 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
4954 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
4955 ** </ul>
4956 **
4957 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
4958 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
4959 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
4960 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
4961 ** return value is obtained and before any
4962 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
4963 */
4964 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4965 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4966 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4967 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4968 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4969 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4970 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4971 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4972 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4973 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
4974 
4975 /*
4976 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
4977 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4978 **
4979 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
4980 ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
4981 ** or if the statement is never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
4982 ** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
4983 ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
4984 ** [extended error code].
4985 **
4986 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
4987 ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
4988 ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
4989 ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
4990 ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
4991 ** completed execution.
4992 **
4993 ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4994 **
4995 ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
4996 ** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
4997 ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
4998 ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
4999 ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
5000 */
5001 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5002 
5003 /*
5004 ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5005 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5006 **
5007 ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5008 ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5009 ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5010 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5011 ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5012 **
5013 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5014 ** back to the beginning of its program.
5015 **
5016 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5017 ** [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
5018 ** or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
5019 ** then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
5020 **
5021 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5022 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5023 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5024 **
5025 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5026 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5027 */
5028 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5029 
5030 /*
5031 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5032 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5033 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5034 **
5035 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5036 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5037 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5038 ** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5039 ** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5040 ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5041 ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5042 ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5043 ** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5044 **
5045 ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5046 ** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5047 ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5048 ** to each database connection separately.
5049 **
5050 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5051 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5052 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5053 ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5054 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5055 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5056 **
5057 ** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5058 ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5059 ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5060 ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5061 ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5062 ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5063 ** undefined.
5064 **
5065 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5066 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5067 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5068 ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5069 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5070 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5071 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5072 ** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5073 ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5074 ** each encoding.
5075 ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5076 ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5077 **
5078 ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5079 ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5080 ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5081 ** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5082 ** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5083 ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5084 ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5085 **
5086 ** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5087 ** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5088 ** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5089 ** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5090 **
5091 ** <span style="background-color:#ffff90;">
5092 ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5093 ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5094 ** used inside of triggers, view, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5095 ** the database schema.  This flags is especially recommended for SQL
5096 ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5097 ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5098 ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5099 ** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5100 ** the database file is opened and read.
5101 ** </span>
5102 **
5103 ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5104 ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5105 **
5106 ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5107 ** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5108 ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5109 ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5110 ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5111 ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5112 ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5113 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5114 ** callbacks.
5115 **
5116 ** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5117 ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5118 ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5119 ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5120 ** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5121 ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5122 ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5123 ** of aggregate window functions are
5124 ** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5125 **
5126 ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5127 ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is destructor for
5128 ** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5129 ** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5130 ** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5131 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5132 ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5133 ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5134 **
5135 ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5136 ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5137 ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5138 ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5139 ** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5140 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5141 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5142 ** matches the database encoding is a better
5143 ** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5144 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5145 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5146 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5147 **
5148 ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5149 **
5150 ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5151 ** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5152 ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5153 ** statement in which the function is running.
5154 */
5155 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
5156   sqlite3 *db,
5157   const char *zFunctionName,
5158   int nArg,
5159   int eTextRep,
5160   void *pApp,
5161   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5162   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5163   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5164 );
5165 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
5166   sqlite3 *db,
5167   const void *zFunctionName,
5168   int nArg,
5169   int eTextRep,
5170   void *pApp,
5171   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5172   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5173   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5174 );
5175 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5176   sqlite3 *db,
5177   const char *zFunctionName,
5178   int nArg,
5179   int eTextRep,
5180   void *pApp,
5181   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5182   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5183   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5184   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5185 );
5186 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5187   sqlite3 *db,
5188   const char *zFunctionName,
5189   int nArg,
5190   int eTextRep,
5191   void *pApp,
5192   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5193   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5194   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5195   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5196   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5197 );
5198 
5199 /*
5200 ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5201 **
5202 ** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
5203 ** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5204 */
5205 #define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5206 #define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5207 #define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5208 #define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5209 #define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5210 #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5211 
5212 /*
5213 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5214 **
5215 ** These constants may be ORed together with the
5216 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5217 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5218 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5219 **
5220 ** <dl>
5221 ** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5222 ** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5223 ** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5224 ** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5225 ** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5226 ** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5227 ** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5228 ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5229 ** out of inner loops.
5230 ** </dd>
5231 **
5232 ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5233 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5234 ** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5235 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5236 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5237 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flags is a security feature which is recommended
5238 ** for all [application-defined SQL functions], and especially for functions
5239 ** that have side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive
5240 ** information.
5241 ** </dd>
5242 **
5243 ** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5244 ** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5245 ** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5246 ** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5247 ** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5248 ** innocuous function.
5249 ** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5250 ** side effects.
5251 ** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5252 ** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5253 ** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5254 ** <p>Some heightened security settings
5255 ** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5256 ** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5257 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5258 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5259 ** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5260 ** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5261 ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5262 ** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5263 ** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5264 ** </dd>
5265 **
5266 ** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5267 ** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function may call
5268 ** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5269 ** Specifying this flag makes no difference for scalar or aggregate user
5270 ** functions. However, if it is not specified for a user-defined window
5271 ** function, then any sub-types belonging to arguments passed to the window
5272 ** function may be discarded before the window function is called (i.e.
5273 ** sqlite3_value_subtype() will always return 0).
5274 ** </dd>
5275 ** </dl>
5276 */
5277 #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5278 #define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5279 #define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5280 #define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5281 
5282 /*
5283 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5284 ** DEPRECATED
5285 **
5286 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5287 ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5288 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5289 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5290 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5291 */
5292 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
5293 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
5294 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
5295 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
5296 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
5297 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
5298 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
5299                       void*,sqlite3_int64);
5300 #endif
5301 
5302 /*
5303 ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
5304 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5305 **
5306 ** <b>Summary:</b>
5307 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5308 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
5309 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
5310 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
5311 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
5312 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
5313 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
5314 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
5315 ** the native byteorder
5316 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
5317 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
5318 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5319 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5320 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
5321 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5322 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5323 ** TEXT in bytes
5324 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5325 ** datatype of the value
5326 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5327 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
5328 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5329 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
5330 ** against a virtual table.
5331 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5332 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
5333 ** </table></blockquote>
5334 **
5335 ** <b>Details:</b>
5336 **
5337 ** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
5338 ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
5339 ** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
5340 ** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
5341 **
5342 ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
5343 ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
5344 ** is not threadsafe.
5345 **
5346 ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
5347 ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
5348 ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
5349 **
5350 ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
5351 ** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
5352 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
5353 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
5354 **
5355 ** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
5356 ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
5357 ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
5358 ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
5359 ** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
5360 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5361 **
5362 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
5363 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
5364 ** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5365 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
5366 ** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
5367 ** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
5368 ** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
5369 ** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
5370 ** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
5371 ** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
5372 **
5373 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
5374 ** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
5375 ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
5376 ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
5377 ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
5378 ** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
5379 ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
5380 **
5381 ** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
5382 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
5383 ** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
5384 ** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
5385 ** and the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extracted
5386 ** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
5387 ** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
5388 ** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
5389 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
5390 ** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
5391 ** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
5392 ** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
5393 **
5394 ** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
5395 ** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
5396 ** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
5397 ** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
5398 **
5399 ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
5400 ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
5401 ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
5402 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5403 ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
5404 **
5405 ** These routines must be called from the same thread as
5406 ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
5407 **
5408 ** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
5409 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5410 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5411 ** errors:
5412 **
5413 ** <ul>
5414 ** <li> sqlite3_value_blob()
5415 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text()
5416 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16()
5417 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16le()
5418 ** <li> sqlite3_value_text16be()
5419 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes()
5420 ** <li> sqlite3_value_bytes16()
5421 ** </ul>
5422 **
5423 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5424 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5425 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5426 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5427 ** return value is obtained and before any
5428 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5429 */
5430 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
5431 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
5432 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
5433 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
5434 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
5435 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
5436 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
5437 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
5438 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
5439 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
5440 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
5441 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
5442 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
5443 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
5444 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
5445 
5446 /*
5447 ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
5448 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5449 **
5450 ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
5451 ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
5452 ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
5453 ** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5454 ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
5455 */
5456 SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
5457 
5458 /*
5459 ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
5460 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
5461 **
5462 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5463 ** object D and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
5464 ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
5465 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
5466 ** memory allocation fails.
5467 **
5468 ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
5469 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
5470 ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
5471 */
5472 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
5473 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
5474 
5475 /*
5476 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
5477 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5478 **
5479 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
5480 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
5481 **
5482 ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
5483 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
5484 ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
5485 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
5486 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
5487 ** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
5488 ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
5489 ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
5490 ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
5491 ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
5492 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
5493 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
5494 **
5495 ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
5496 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
5497 ** allocate error occurs.
5498 **
5499 ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
5500 ** determined by the N parameter on first successful call.  Changing the
5501 ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
5502 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
5503 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
5504 ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
5505 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
5506 **
5507 ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
5508 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
5509 **
5510 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
5511 ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
5512 ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
5513 ** function.
5514 **
5515 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5516 ** the aggregate SQL function is running.
5517 */
5518 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
5519 
5520 /*
5521 ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
5522 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5523 **
5524 ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
5525 ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
5526 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5527 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5528 ** registered the application defined function.
5529 **
5530 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
5531 ** the application-defined function is running.
5532 */
5533 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
5534 
5535 /*
5536 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
5537 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5538 **
5539 ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
5540 ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
5541 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
5542 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
5543 ** registered the application defined function.
5544 */
5545 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
5546 
5547 /*
5548 ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
5549 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5550 **
5551 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
5552 ** associate metadata with argument values. If the same value is passed to
5553 ** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
5554 ** some circumstances the associated metadata may be preserved.  An example
5555 ** of where this might be useful is in a regular-expression matching
5556 ** function. The compiled version of the regular expression can be stored as
5557 ** metadata associated with the pattern string.
5558 ** Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
5559 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
5560 ** invocations of the same function.
5561 **
5562 ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the metadata
5563 ** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the Nth argument
5564 ** value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero for the left-most
5565 ** function argument.  ^If there is no metadata
5566 ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface
5567 ** returns a NULL pointer.
5568 **
5569 ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as metadata for the N-th
5570 ** argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
5571 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
5572 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the metadata is still valid or
5573 ** NULL if the metadata has been discarded.
5574 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
5575 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
5576 ** once, when the metadata is discarded.
5577 ** SQLite is free to discard the metadata at any time, including: <ul>
5578 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
5579 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
5580 **      SQL statement)^, or
5581 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
5582 **       parameter)^, or
5583 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
5584 **      allocation error occurs.)^ </ul>
5585 **
5586 ** Note the last bullet in particular.  The destructor X in
5587 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
5588 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
5589 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
5590 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
5591 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.
5592 **
5593 ** ^(In practice, metadata is preserved between function calls for
5594 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
5595 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
5596 **
5597 ** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
5598 ** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
5599 ** kinds of function caching behavior.
5600 **
5601 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
5602 ** the SQL function is running.
5603 */
5604 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
5605 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
5606 
5607 
5608 /*
5609 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
5610 **
5611 ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
5612 ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
5613 ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
5614 ** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
5615 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
5616 ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
5617 ** the content before returning.
5618 **
5619 ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
5620 ** C++ compilers.
5621 */
5622 typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
5623 #define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
5624 #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
5625 
5626 /*
5627 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
5628 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5629 **
5630 ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
5631 ** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
5632 ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
5633 ** for additional information.
5634 **
5635 ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
5636 ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
5637 ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
5638 **
5639 ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
5640 ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
5641 ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
5642 ** third parameter.
5643 **
5644 ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
5645 ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
5646 ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
5647 **
5648 ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
5649 ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
5650 ** by its 2nd argument.
5651 **
5652 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
5653 ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
5654 ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
5655 ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
5656 ** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
5657 ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
5658 ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
5659 ** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
5660 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
5661 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
5662 ** message all text up through the first zero character.
5663 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
5664 ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
5665 ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
5666 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
5667 ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
5668 ** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
5669 ** modify the text after they return without harm.
5670 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
5671 ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
5672 ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
5673 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
5674 **
5675 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5676 ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
5677 **
5678 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
5679 ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
5680 **
5681 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
5682 ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
5683 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5684 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
5685 ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
5686 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
5687 **
5688 ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
5689 ** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
5690 **
5691 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
5692 ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
5693 ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
5694 ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
5695 ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
5696 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64() interface sets the return value of an
5697 ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
5698 ** specified by the fifth (and last) parameter, which must be one
5699 ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].
5700 ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
5701 ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
5702 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5703 ** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter
5704 ** through the first zero character.
5705 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5706 ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
5707 ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
5708 ** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
5709 ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
5710 ** appear if the string where NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
5711 ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
5712 ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
5713 ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
5714 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5715 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
5716 ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
5717 ** finished using that result.
5718 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
5719 ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
5720 ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
5721 ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
5722 ** when it has finished using that result.
5723 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
5724 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
5725 ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
5726 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
5727 **
5728 ** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5729 ** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
5730 ** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
5731 ** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
5732 ** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
5733 ** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
5734 ** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
5735 ** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
5736 ** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
5737 ** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
5738 ** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
5739 ** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
5740 **
5741 ** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
5742 ** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
5743 ** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
5744 ** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
5745 ** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
5746 **
5747 ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
5748 ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
5749 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
5750 ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
5751 ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
5752 ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
5753 ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
5754 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
5755 ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
5756 **
5757 ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
5758 ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
5759 ** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
5760 ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
5761 ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
5762 ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
5763 ** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
5764 ** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
5765 ** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
5766 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
5767 **
5768 ** If these routines are called from within the different thread
5769 ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
5770 ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
5771 */
5772 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5773 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
5774                            sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
5775 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
5776 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
5777 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
5778 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
5779 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
5780 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
5781 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
5782 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
5783 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
5784 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
5785 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char*,sqlite3_uint64,
5786                            void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5787 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5788 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5789 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
5790 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
5791 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
5792 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
5793 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
5794 
5795 
5796 /*
5797 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
5798 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
5799 **
5800 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
5801 ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
5802 ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
5803 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
5804 ** higher order bits are discarded.
5805 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
5806 ** in future releases of SQLite.
5807 */
5808 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
5809 
5810 /*
5811 ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
5812 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5813 **
5814 ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
5815 ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
5816 **
5817 ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
5818 ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
5819 ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
5820 ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
5821 ** considered to be the same name.
5822 **
5823 ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
5824 ** <ul>
5825 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
5826 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
5827 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5828 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
5829 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
5830 ** </ul>)^
5831 ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
5832 ** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
5833 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
5834 ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
5835 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
5836 ** on an even byte address.
5837 **
5838 ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
5839 ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
5840 **
5841 ** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
5842 ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
5843 ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
5844 ** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
5845 ** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
5846 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
5847 ** that collation is no longer usable.
5848 **
5849 ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
5850 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
5851 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
5852 ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
5853 ** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
5854 ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
5855 ** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
5856 ** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
5857 ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
5858 ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
5859 ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
5860 ** strings A, B, and C:
5861 **
5862 ** <ol>
5863 ** <li> If A==B then B==A.
5864 ** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
5865 ** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
5866 ** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
5867 ** </ol>
5868 **
5869 ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
5870 ** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
5871 ** is undefined.
5872 **
5873 ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
5874 ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
5875 ** the collating function is deleted.
5876 ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
5877 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
5878 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
5879 **
5880 ** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
5881 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
5882 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
5883 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
5884 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
5885 ** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
5886 ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
5887 ** compatibility.
5888 **
5889 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
5890 */
5891 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
5892   sqlite3*,
5893   const char *zName,
5894   int eTextRep,
5895   void *pArg,
5896   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5897 );
5898 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
5899   sqlite3*,
5900   const char *zName,
5901   int eTextRep,
5902   void *pArg,
5903   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
5904   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5905 );
5906 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
5907   sqlite3*,
5908   const void *zName,
5909   int eTextRep,
5910   void *pArg,
5911   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
5912 );
5913 
5914 /*
5915 ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
5916 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5917 **
5918 ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
5919 ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
5920 ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
5921 ** sequence is required.
5922 **
5923 ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
5924 ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
5925 ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
5926 ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
5927 ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
5928 **
5929 ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
5930 ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
5931 ** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
5932 ** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
5933 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
5934 ** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
5935 ** required collation sequence.)^
5936 **
5937 ** The callback function should register the desired collation using
5938 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
5939 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
5940 */
5941 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
5942   sqlite3*,
5943   void*,
5944   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
5945 );
5946 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
5947   sqlite3*,
5948   void*,
5949   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
5950 );
5951 
5952 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
5953 /*
5954 ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
5955 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
5956 */
5957 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
5958   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
5959 );
5960 #endif
5961 
5962 /*
5963 ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
5964 **
5965 ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
5966 ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
5967 **
5968 ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
5969 ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
5970 ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
5971 ** requested from the operating system is returned.
5972 **
5973 ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
5974 ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
5975 ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
5976 ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
5977 ** in the previous paragraphs.
5978 */
5979 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
5980 
5981 /*
5982 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
5983 **
5984 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
5985 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
5986 ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
5987 ** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
5988 ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
5989 ** temporary file directory.
5990 **
5991 ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
5992 ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
5993 ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
5994 ** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
5995 ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
5996 ** be avoided in new projects.
5997 **
5998 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
5999 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6000 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6001 ** thread.
6002 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6003 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6004 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6005 ** thereafter.
6006 **
6007 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6008 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6009 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6010 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6011 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6012 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6013 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6014 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6015 ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6016 ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6017 ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6018 ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6019 ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6020 ** objects have been destroyed.
6021 **
6022 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6023 ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6024 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6025 ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6026 **
6027 ** <blockquote><pre>
6028 ** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6029 ** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6030 ** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6031 ** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6032 ** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6033 ** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6034 ** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6035 ** </pre></blockquote>
6036 */
6037 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6038 
6039 /*
6040 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6041 **
6042 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6043 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6044 ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6045 ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6046 ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6047 ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6048 ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6049 ** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6050 ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6051 **
6052 ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6053 ** open can result in a corrupt database.
6054 **
6055 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6056 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6057 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6058 ** thread.
6059 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6060 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6061 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6062 ** thereafter.
6063 **
6064 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6065 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6066 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6067 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6068 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6069 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6070 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6071 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6072 ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6073 */
6074 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6075 
6076 /*
6077 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6078 **
6079 ** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6080 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6081 ** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6082 ** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6083 ** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6084 ** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6085 ** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6086 ** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6087 ** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6088 ** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6089 ** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6090 ** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6091 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6092 ** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6093 ** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6094 */
6095 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6096   unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6097   void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6098 );
6099 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6100 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6101 
6102 /*
6103 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6104 **
6105 ** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6106 ** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6107 */
6108 #define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6109 #define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6110 
6111 /*
6112 ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6113 ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6114 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6115 **
6116 ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6117 ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6118 ** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6119 ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6120 ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6121 **
6122 ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6123 ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6124 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6125 ** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6126 ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6127 ** an error is to use this function.
6128 **
6129 ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6130 ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6131 ** is undefined.
6132 */
6133 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6134 
6135 /*
6136 ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6137 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6138 **
6139 ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6140 ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6141 ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6142 ** that was the first argument
6143 ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6144 ** create the statement in the first place.
6145 */
6146 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6147 
6148 /*
6149 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
6150 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6151 **
6152 ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
6153 ** associated with database N of connection D.
6154 ** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
6155 ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
6156 ** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
6157 **
6158 ** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
6159 ** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
6160 ** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
6161 **
6162 ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
6163 ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
6164 ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
6165 ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
6166 **
6167 ** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
6168 ** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
6169 ** <ul>
6170 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
6171 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
6172 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
6173 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
6174 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
6175 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
6176 ** </ul>
6177 */
6178 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6179 
6180 /*
6181 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
6182 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6183 **
6184 ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
6185 ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
6186 ** the name of a database on connection D.
6187 */
6188 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
6189 
6190 /*
6191 ** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database
6192 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6193 **
6194 ** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current
6195 ** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D.  ^If S is NULL,
6196 ** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D
6197 ** is returned.  Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest):
6198 ** <ol>
6199 ** <li value="0"> SQLITE_TXN_NONE
6200 ** <li value="1"> SQLITE_TXN_READ
6201 ** <li value="2"> SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
6202 ** </ol>
6203 ** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of
6204 ** a valid schema, then -1 is returned.
6205 */
6206 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
6207 
6208 /*
6209 ** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from [sqlite3_txn_state()]
6210 ** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
6211 **
6212 ** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
6213 ** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these
6214 ** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S
6215 ** in [database connection] D.
6216 **
6217 ** <dl>
6218 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_NONE</dt>
6219 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently
6220 ** pending.</dd>
6221 **
6222 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_READ</dt>
6223 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently
6224 ** in a read transaction.  Content has been read from the database file
6225 ** but nothing in the database file has changed.  The transaction state
6226 ** will advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are
6227 ** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions.  The transaction
6228 ** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or
6229 ** [COMMIT].</dd>
6230 **
6231 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_WRITE</dt>
6232 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently
6233 ** in a write transaction.  Content has been written to the database file
6234 ** but has not yet committed.  The transaction state will change to
6235 ** to SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].</dd>
6236 */
6237 #define SQLITE_TXN_NONE  0
6238 #define SQLITE_TXN_READ  1
6239 #define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2
6240 
6241 /*
6242 ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
6243 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6244 **
6245 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
6246 ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
6247 ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
6248 ** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
6249 ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
6250 **
6251 ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
6252 ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
6253 ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
6254 */
6255 SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
6256 
6257 /*
6258 ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
6259 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6260 **
6261 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
6262 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
6263 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
6264 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6265 ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
6266 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
6267 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
6268 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6269 ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
6270 ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
6271 ** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
6272 **
6273 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
6274 ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
6275 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6276 ** the first call for each function on D.
6277 **
6278 ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
6279 ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
6280 ** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
6281 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6282 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
6283 ** or rollback hook in the first place.
6284 ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
6285 ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
6286 ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6287 **
6288 ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
6289 **
6290 ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
6291 ** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
6292 ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
6293 ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
6294 ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
6295 **
6296 ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
6297 ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
6298 ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
6299 ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
6300 ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
6301 **
6302 ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
6303 */
6304 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
6305 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
6306 
6307 /*
6308 ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
6309 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6310 **
6311 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
6312 ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
6313 ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
6314 ** a [rowid table].
6315 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
6316 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
6317 **
6318 ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
6319 ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
6320 ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
6321 ** to sqlite3_update_hook().
6322 ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
6323 ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
6324 ** to be invoked.
6325 ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
6326 ** database and table name containing the affected row.
6327 ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
6328 ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
6329 **
6330 ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
6331 ** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
6332 ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
6333 **
6334 ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
6335 ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
6336 ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
6337 ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
6338 ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
6339 ** release of SQLite.
6340 **
6341 ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
6342 ** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
6343 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
6344 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
6345 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
6346 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
6347 **
6348 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
6349 ** returns the P argument from the previous call
6350 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
6351 ** the first call on D.
6352 **
6353 ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
6354 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
6355 */
6356 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
6357   sqlite3*,
6358   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
6359   void*
6360 );
6361 
6362 /*
6363 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
6364 **
6365 ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
6366 ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
6367 ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
6368 ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
6369 **
6370 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
6371 ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
6372 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
6373 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
6374 **
6375 ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
6376 ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
6377 ** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
6378 ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
6379 **
6380 ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
6381 ** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
6382 **
6383 ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
6384 ** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
6385 ** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
6386 ** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
6387 ** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
6388 ** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
6389 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
6390 **
6391 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
6392 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
6393 ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
6394 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
6395 **
6396 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
6397 ** 32-bit integer is atomic.
6398 **
6399 ** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
6400 */
6401 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
6402 
6403 /*
6404 ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
6405 **
6406 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
6407 ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
6408 ** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
6409 ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
6410 ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
6411 ** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
6412 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
6413 ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
6414 **
6415 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
6416 */
6417 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
6418 
6419 /*
6420 ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
6421 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6422 **
6423 ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
6424 ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
6425 ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
6426 ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
6427 ** omitted.
6428 **
6429 ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
6430 */
6431 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
6432 
6433 /*
6434 ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
6435 **
6436 ** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
6437 ** by all database connections within a single process.
6438 **
6439 ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
6440 ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
6441 ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
6442 ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
6443 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
6444 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
6445 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
6446 ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
6447 ** is advisory only.
6448 **
6449 ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
6450 ** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
6451 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
6452 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
6453 ** when the hard heap limit is reached.
6454 **
6455 ** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
6456 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
6457 ** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
6458 ** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
6459 ** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
6460 ** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
6461 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
6462 **
6463 ** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
6464 **
6465 ** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
6466 ** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
6467 ** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
6468 ** the the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
6469 ** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
6470 ** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
6471 ** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
6472 ** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
6473 ** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
6474 ** hard heap limit.
6475 **
6476 ** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
6477 ** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
6478 **
6479 ** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
6480 ** if one or more of following conditions are true:
6481 **
6482 ** <ul>
6483 ** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
6484 ** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
6485 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
6486 **      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
6487 ** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
6488 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
6489 ** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
6490 **      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
6491 **      from the heap.
6492 ** </ul>)^
6493 **
6494 ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
6495 ** changes in future releases of SQLite.
6496 */
6497 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6498 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
6499 
6500 /*
6501 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
6502 ** DEPRECATED
6503 **
6504 ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
6505 ** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
6506 ** only.  All new applications should use the
6507 ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
6508 */
6509 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
6510 
6511 
6512 /*
6513 ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
6514 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6515 **
6516 ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
6517 ** information about column C of table T in database D
6518 ** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
6519 ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
6520 ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
6521 ** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
6522 ** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
6523 ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
6524 ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
6525 ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
6526 ** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
6527 ** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
6528 ** undefined behavior.
6529 **
6530 ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
6531 ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
6532 ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
6533 ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
6534 ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
6535 ** resolve unqualified table references.
6536 **
6537 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
6538 ** name of the desired column, respectively.
6539 **
6540 ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
6541 ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
6542 ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
6543 **
6544 ** ^(<blockquote>
6545 ** <table border="1">
6546 ** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
6547 **
6548 ** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
6549 ** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
6550 ** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
6551 ** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
6552 ** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
6553 ** </table>
6554 ** </blockquote>)^
6555 **
6556 ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
6557 ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
6558 ** call to any SQLite API function.
6559 **
6560 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
6561 **
6562 ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
6563 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
6564 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
6565 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
6566 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
6567 ** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
6568 **
6569 ** <pre>
6570 **     data type: "INTEGER"
6571 **     collation sequence: "BINARY"
6572 **     not null: 0
6573 **     primary key: 1
6574 **     auto increment: 0
6575 ** </pre>)^
6576 **
6577 ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
6578 ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
6579 ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
6580 */
6581 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
6582   sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
6583   const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
6584   const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
6585   const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
6586   char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
6587   char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
6588   int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
6589   int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
6590   int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
6591 );
6592 
6593 /*
6594 ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
6595 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6596 **
6597 ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
6598 **
6599 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
6600 ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
6601 ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
6602 ** with various operating-system specific extensions added.
6603 ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
6604 ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
6605 ** be tried also.
6606 **
6607 ** ^The entry point is zProc.
6608 ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
6609 ** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
6610 ** If that does not work, it constructs a name "sqlite3_X_init" where the
6611 ** X is consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
6612 ** characters in the filename from the last "/" to the first following
6613 ** "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
6614 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
6615 ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
6616 ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
6617 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
6618 ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
6619 ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
6620 ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
6621 **
6622 ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
6623 ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
6624 ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
6625 ** prior to calling this API,
6626 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
6627 **
6628 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
6629 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
6630 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
6631 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
6632 ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6633 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6634 **
6635 ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
6636 */
6637 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
6638   sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
6639   const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
6640   const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
6641   char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
6642 );
6643 
6644 /*
6645 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
6646 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6647 **
6648 ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
6649 ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
6650 ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
6651 ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
6652 **
6653 ** ^Extension loading is off by default.
6654 ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
6655 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
6656 ** it back off again.
6657 **
6658 ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
6659 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
6660 ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
6661 ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
6662 **
6663 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
6664 ** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
6665 ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
6666 ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
6667 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
6668 */
6669 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
6670 
6671 /*
6672 ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
6673 **
6674 ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
6675 ** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
6676 ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
6677 ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
6678 **
6679 ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
6680 ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
6681 ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
6682 ** entry point where as follows:
6683 **
6684 ** <blockquote><pre>
6685 ** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
6686 ** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
6687 ** &nbsp;    const char **pzErrMsg,
6688 ** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
6689 ** &nbsp;  );
6690 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
6691 **
6692 ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
6693 ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
6694 ** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
6695 ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
6696 ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
6697 ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
6698 ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
6699 **
6700 ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
6701 ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
6702 ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
6703 **
6704 ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
6705 ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
6706 */
6707 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6708 
6709 /*
6710 ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
6711 **
6712 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
6713 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
6714 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
6715 ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
6716 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
6717 ** routines.
6718 */
6719 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
6720 
6721 /*
6722 ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
6723 **
6724 ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
6725 ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
6726 */
6727 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
6728 
6729 /*
6730 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
6731 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
6732 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
6733 **
6734 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
6735 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
6736 */
6737 
6738 /*
6739 ** Structures used by the virtual table interface
6740 */
6741 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
6742 typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
6743 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
6744 typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
6745 
6746 /*
6747 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
6748 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
6749 **
6750 ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
6751 ** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
6752 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
6753 **
6754 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
6755 ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
6756 ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
6757 ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
6758 ** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
6759 ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
6760 ** any database connection.
6761 */
6762 struct sqlite3_module {
6763   int iVersion;
6764   int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6765                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6766                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6767   int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
6768                int argc, const char *const*argv,
6769                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
6770   int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
6771   int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6772   int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6773   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
6774   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6775   int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
6776                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
6777   int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6778   int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
6779   int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
6780   int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
6781   int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
6782   int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6783   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6784   int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6785   int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
6786   int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
6787                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
6788                        void **ppArg);
6789   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
6790   /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
6791   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
6792   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6793   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6794   int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
6795   /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
6796   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
6797   int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
6798 };
6799 
6800 /*
6801 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
6802 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
6803 **
6804 ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
6805 ** of the [virtual table] interface to
6806 ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
6807 ** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
6808 ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
6809 ** results into the **Outputs** fields.
6810 **
6811 ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
6812 **
6813 ** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
6814 **
6815 ** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
6816 ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
6817 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
6818 ** ^(The index of the column is stored in
6819 ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
6820 ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
6821 ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
6822 **
6823 ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
6824 ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
6825 ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
6826 ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
6827 ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
6828 **
6829 ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
6830 ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
6831 **
6832 ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
6833 ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
6834 ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
6835 ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
6836 ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
6837 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
6838 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
6839 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
6840 ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
6841 ** non-zero.
6842 **
6843 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
6844 ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
6845 ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
6846 ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
6847 ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
6848 ** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
6849 ** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
6850 ** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
6851 ** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is change to true, then
6852 ** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
6853 ** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
6854 ** not be checked again using byte code.)^
6855 **
6856 ** ^The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into the
6857 ** [xFilter] method.
6858 ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxPtr if and only if
6859 ** needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
6860 **
6861 ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
6862 ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
6863 ** sorting step is required.
6864 **
6865 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
6866 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
6867 ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
6868 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
6869 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
6870 **
6871 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
6872 ** will be returned by the strategy.
6873 **
6874 ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
6875 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. Currently there is only one such flag -
6876 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE. If the xBestIndex method sets this flag, SQLite
6877 ** assumes that the strategy may visit at most one row.
6878 **
6879 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
6880 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
6881 ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
6882 ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
6883 ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
6884 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
6885 ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
6886 ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
6887 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
6888 **
6889 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
6890 ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
6891 ** If a virtual table extension is
6892 ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
6893 ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
6894 ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
6895 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
6896 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
6897 ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
6898 ** It may therefore only be used if
6899 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
6900 ** 3009000.
6901 */
6902 struct sqlite3_index_info {
6903   /* Inputs */
6904   int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
6905   struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
6906      int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
6907      unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
6908      unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
6909      int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
6910   } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
6911   int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
6912   struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
6913      int iColumn;              /* Column number */
6914      unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
6915   } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
6916   /* Outputs */
6917   struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
6918     int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
6919     unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
6920   } *aConstraintUsage;
6921   int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
6922   char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
6923   int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
6924   int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
6925   double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
6926   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
6927   sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
6928   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
6929   int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
6930   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
6931   sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
6932 };
6933 
6934 /*
6935 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
6936 **
6937 ** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
6938 ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
6939 ** these bits.
6940 */
6941 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE      1     /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
6942 
6943 /*
6944 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
6945 **
6946 ** These macros define the allowed values for the
6947 ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
6948 ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the wHERE clause of
6949 ** a query that uses a [virtual table].
6950 */
6951 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ         2
6952 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT         4
6953 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE         8
6954 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT        16
6955 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE        32
6956 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH     64
6957 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE      65
6958 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB      66
6959 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP    67
6960 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE        68
6961 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT     69
6962 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL 70
6963 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL    71
6964 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS        72
6965 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION 150
6966 
6967 /*
6968 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
6969 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6970 **
6971 ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
6972 ** ^Module names must be registered before
6973 ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
6974 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
6975 **
6976 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
6977 ** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
6978 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
6979 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
6980 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
6981 ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
6982 ** when a new virtual table is be being created or reinitialized.
6983 **
6984 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
6985 ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
6986 ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
6987 ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
6988 ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
6989 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
6990 ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
6991 ** destructor.
6992 **
6993 ** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
6994 ** NULL then no new module is create and any existing modules with the
6995 ** same name are dropped.
6996 **
6997 ** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
6998 */
6999 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
7000   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7001   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7002   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7003   void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7004 );
7005 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
7006   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7007   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7008   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7009   void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7010   void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
7011 );
7012 
7013 /*
7014 ** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
7015 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7016 **
7017 ** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
7018 ** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
7019 ** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
7020 ** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
7021 ** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
7022 **
7023 ** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
7024 */
7025 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_drop_modules(
7026   sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
7027   const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
7028 );
7029 
7030 /*
7031 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
7032 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
7033 **
7034 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
7035 ** of this object to describe a particular instance
7036 ** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
7037 ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
7038 ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
7039 ** common to all module implementations.
7040 **
7041 ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
7042 ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
7043 ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
7044 ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
7045 ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
7046 ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
7047 */
7048 struct sqlite3_vtab {
7049   const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
7050   int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
7051   char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
7052   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7053 };
7054 
7055 /*
7056 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
7057 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
7058 **
7059 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
7060 ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
7061 ** [virtual table] and are used
7062 ** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
7063 ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
7064 ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
7065 ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
7066 ** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
7067 ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
7068 **
7069 ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
7070 ** are common to all implementations.
7071 */
7072 struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
7073   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
7074   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
7075 };
7076 
7077 /*
7078 ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
7079 **
7080 ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
7081 ** [virtual table module] call this interface
7082 ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
7083 ** the virtual tables they implement.
7084 */
7085 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
7086 
7087 /*
7088 ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
7089 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7090 **
7091 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
7092 ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
7093 ** But global versions of those functions
7094 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
7095 **
7096 ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
7097 ** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
7098 ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
7099 ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
7100 ** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
7101 ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
7102 ** by a [virtual table].
7103 */
7104 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
7105 
7106 /*
7107 ** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
7108 ** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
7109 ** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
7110 ** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
7111 **
7112 ** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
7113 ** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
7114 */
7115 
7116 /*
7117 ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
7118 ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
7119 **
7120 ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
7121 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
7122 ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
7123 ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7124 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
7125 ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
7126 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
7127 */
7128 typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
7129 
7130 /*
7131 ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
7132 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7133 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7134 **
7135 ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
7136 ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
7137 ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
7138 **
7139 ** <pre>
7140 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
7141 ** </pre>)^
7142 **
7143 ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
7144 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
7145 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
7146 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
7147 ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
7148 **
7149 ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
7150 ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
7151 ** read-only access.
7152 **
7153 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
7154 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
7155 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
7156 ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
7157 ** on *ppBlob after this function it returns.
7158 **
7159 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
7160 ** <ul>
7161 **   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
7162 **   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
7163 **   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
7164 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
7165 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
7166 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
7167 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
7168 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
7169 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
7170 **   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
7171 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
7172 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
7173 ** </ul>
7174 **
7175 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
7176 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7177 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7178 **
7179 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
7180 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
7181 ** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
7182 ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
7183 ** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
7184 ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
7185 **
7186 ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
7187 ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
7188 ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
7189 ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
7190 ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
7191 ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
7192 ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7193 ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
7194 ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
7195 ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
7196 **
7197 ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
7198 ** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
7199 ** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
7200 ** blob.
7201 **
7202 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
7203 ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
7204 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
7205 **
7206 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
7207 ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
7208 **
7209 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
7210 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
7211 ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7212 */
7213 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
7214   sqlite3*,
7215   const char *zDb,
7216   const char *zTable,
7217   const char *zColumn,
7218   sqlite3_int64 iRow,
7219   int flags,
7220   sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
7221 );
7222 
7223 /*
7224 ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
7225 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7226 **
7227 ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
7228 ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
7229 ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
7230 ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
7231 ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
7232 ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
7233 **
7234 ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
7235 ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
7236 ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
7237 ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
7238 ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
7239 ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
7240 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
7241 ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
7242 ** always returns zero.
7243 **
7244 ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
7245 */
7246 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
7247 
7248 /*
7249 ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
7250 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
7251 **
7252 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
7253 ** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
7254 ** handle is still closed.)^
7255 **
7256 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
7257 ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
7258 ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
7259 ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
7260 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
7261 **
7262 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
7263 ** open blob handle results in undefined behaviour. ^Calling this routine
7264 ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
7265 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
7266 ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
7267 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
7268 */
7269 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
7270 
7271 /*
7272 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
7273 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7274 **
7275 ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
7276 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
7277 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwriting existing
7278 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
7279 **
7280 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7281 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7282 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7283 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7284 */
7285 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
7286 
7287 /*
7288 ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
7289 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7290 **
7291 ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
7292 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
7293 ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7294 **
7295 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7296 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
7297 ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
7298 ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
7299 ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
7300 **
7301 ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7302 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
7303 **
7304 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
7305 ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7306 **
7307 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7308 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7309 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7310 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7311 **
7312 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
7313 */
7314 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
7315 
7316 /*
7317 ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
7318 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
7319 **
7320 ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
7321 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
7322 ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
7323 **
7324 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
7325 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
7326 ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
7327 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
7328 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
7329 **
7330 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
7331 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
7332 ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
7333 **
7334 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
7335 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
7336 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
7337 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
7338 ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
7339 ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
7340 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
7341 **
7342 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
7343 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
7344 ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
7345 ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
7346 ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
7347 ** or by other independent statements.
7348 **
7349 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
7350 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
7351 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
7352 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
7353 **
7354 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
7355 */
7356 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
7357 
7358 /*
7359 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
7360 **
7361 ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
7362 ** that SQLite uses to interact
7363 ** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
7364 ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
7365 ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
7366 ** The following interfaces are provided.
7367 **
7368 ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
7369 ** ^Names are case sensitive.
7370 ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
7371 ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
7372 ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
7373 **
7374 ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
7375 ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
7376 ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
7377 ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
7378 ** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
7379 ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
7380 ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
7381 ** then the behavior is undefined.
7382 **
7383 ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
7384 ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
7385 ** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
7386 */
7387 SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
7388 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
7389 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
7390 
7391 /*
7392 ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
7393 **
7394 ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
7395 ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
7396 ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
7397 ** permitted to use any of these routines.
7398 **
7399 ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
7400 ** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
7401 ** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
7402 ** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
7403 **
7404 ** <ul>
7405 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
7406 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
7407 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
7408 ** </ul>
7409 **
7410 ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
7411 ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
7412 ** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
7413 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
7414 ** and Windows.
7415 **
7416 ** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
7417 ** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
7418 ** implementation is included with the library. In this case the
7419 ** application must supply a custom mutex implementation using the
7420 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option of the sqlite3_config() function
7421 ** before calling sqlite3_initialize() or any other public sqlite3_
7422 ** function that calls sqlite3_initialize().
7423 **
7424 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
7425 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7426 ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
7427 ** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must one of these
7428 ** integer constants:
7429 **
7430 ** <ul>
7431 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7432 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7433 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
7434 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
7435 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
7436 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
7437 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
7438 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
7439 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
7440 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
7441 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
7442 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
7443 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
7444 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
7445 ** </ul>
7446 **
7447 ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
7448 ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
7449 ** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
7450 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
7451 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
7452 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
7453 ** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
7454 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
7455 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
7456 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
7457 **
7458 ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
7459 ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
7460 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
7461 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
7462 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
7463 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
7464 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
7465 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
7466 **
7467 ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
7468 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
7469 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
7470 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
7471 ** the same type number.
7472 **
7473 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
7474 ** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
7475 ** mutex results in undefined behavior.
7476 **
7477 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
7478 ** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
7479 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
7480 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
7481 ** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
7482 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
7483 ** In such cases, the
7484 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
7485 ** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
7486 ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
7487 **
7488 ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
7489 ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
7490 ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. The SQLite core only ever uses
7491 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable
7492 ** behavior.)^
7493 **
7494 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
7495 ** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
7496 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
7497 ** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
7498 **
7499 ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(), or
7500 ** sqlite3_mutex_leave() is a NULL pointer, then all three routines
7501 ** behave as no-ops.
7502 **
7503 ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
7504 */
7505 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
7506 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
7507 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
7508 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
7509 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
7510 
7511 /*
7512 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
7513 **
7514 ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
7515 ** used to allocate and use mutexes.
7516 **
7517 ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
7518 ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
7519 ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
7520 ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
7521 ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
7522 ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
7523 ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
7524 ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
7525 ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
7526 **
7527 ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
7528 ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
7529 ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
7530 ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
7531 **
7532 ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
7533 ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
7534 ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
7535 ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
7536 ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
7537 ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
7538 **
7539 ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
7540 ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
7541 ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
7542 **
7543 ** <ul>
7544 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
7545 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
7546 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
7547 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
7548 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
7549 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
7550 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
7551 ** </ul>)^
7552 **
7553 ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
7554 ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
7555 ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
7556 ** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
7557 ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
7558 ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
7559 ** it is passed a NULL pointer).
7560 **
7561 ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
7562 ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
7563 ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
7564 ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
7565 **
7566 ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
7567 ** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
7568 ** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
7569 ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
7570 **
7571 ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
7572 ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
7573 ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
7574 ** prior to returning.
7575 */
7576 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
7577 struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
7578   int (*xMutexInit)(void);
7579   int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
7580   sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
7581   void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7582   void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7583   int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7584   void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7585   int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7586   int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
7587 };
7588 
7589 /*
7590 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
7591 **
7592 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
7593 ** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
7594 ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
7595 ** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
7596 ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
7597 ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
7598 ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
7599 ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
7600 **
7601 ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
7602 ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
7603 **
7604 ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
7605 ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
7606 ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
7607 ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
7608 **
7609 ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
7610 ** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
7611 ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
7612 ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
7613 ** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
7614 ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
7615 ** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
7616 ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
7617 */
7618 #ifndef NDEBUG
7619 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
7620 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
7621 #endif
7622 
7623 /*
7624 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
7625 **
7626 ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
7627 ** which is one of these integer constants.
7628 **
7629 ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
7630 ** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
7631 ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
7632 */
7633 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
7634 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
7635 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
7636 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
7637 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
7638 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
7639 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
7640 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
7641 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
7642 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
7643 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
7644 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
7645 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
7646 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
7647 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
7648 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
7649 
7650 /* Legacy compatibility: */
7651 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
7652 
7653 
7654 /*
7655 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
7656 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7657 **
7658 ** ^This interface returns a pointer the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
7659 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
7660 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
7661 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
7662 ** routine returns a NULL pointer.
7663 */
7664 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
7665 
7666 /*
7667 ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
7668 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7669 ** KEYWORDS: {file control}
7670 **
7671 ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
7672 ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
7673 ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
7674 ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
7675 ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
7676 ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
7677 ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
7678 ** main database file.
7679 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
7680 ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
7681 ** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
7682 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
7683 **
7684 ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
7685 ** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
7686 ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
7687 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
7688 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
7689 ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
7690 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
7691 ** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
7692 ** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
7693 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
7694 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
7695 ** from the pager.
7696 **
7697 ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
7698 ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
7699 ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
7700 ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
7701 ** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
7702 ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
7703 ** xFileControl method.
7704 **
7705 ** See also: [file control opcodes]
7706 */
7707 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
7708 
7709 /*
7710 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
7711 **
7712 ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
7713 ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
7714 ** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
7715 ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
7716 **
7717 ** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
7718 ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
7719 ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
7720 **
7721 ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
7722 ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
7723 ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
7724 ** operate consistently from one release to the next.
7725 */
7726 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
7727 
7728 /*
7729 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
7730 **
7731 ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
7732 ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
7733 **
7734 ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
7735 ** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
7736 ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
7737 ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
7738 */
7739 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
7740 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
7741 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
7742 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
7743 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
7744 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
7745 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
7746 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
7747 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
7748 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
7749 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
7750 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
7751 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
7752 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
7753 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
7754 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
7755 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
7756 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
7757 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
7758 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
7759 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
7760 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
7761 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
7762 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
7763 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
7764 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
7765 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
7766 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
7767 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT              30
7768 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    30  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
7769 
7770 /*
7771 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
7772 **
7773 ** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
7774 ** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can uses these routines to determine
7775 ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
7776 ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
7777 **
7778 ** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
7779 ** keywords understood by SQLite.
7780 **
7781 ** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the N-th keyword and
7782 ** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
7783 ** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
7784 ** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
7785 ** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
7786 ** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
7787 ** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
7788 **
7789 ** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
7790 ** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
7791 ** if it is and zero if not.
7792 **
7793 ** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
7794 ** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
7795 ** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
7796 ** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
7797 ** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
7798 ** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
7799 ** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
7800 ** name collisions include:
7801 ** <ul>
7802 ** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
7803 **      SQL way to escape identifier names.
7804 ** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
7805 **      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
7806 **      technique.
7807 ** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
7808 **      with "Z".
7809 ** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
7810 ** </ul>
7811 **
7812 ** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
7813 ** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
7814 ** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
7815 ** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
7816 */
7817 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
7818 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
7819 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
7820 
7821 /*
7822 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
7823 ** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
7824 **
7825 ** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
7826 ** string under construction.
7827 **
7828 ** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
7829 ** <ol>
7830 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
7831 ** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
7832 ** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
7833 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
7834 ** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
7835 ** </ol>
7836 */
7837 typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
7838 
7839 /*
7840 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
7841 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7842 **
7843 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
7844 ** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
7845 ** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
7846 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
7847 **
7848 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
7849 ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
7850 ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
7851 ** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
7852 ** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
7853 ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
7854 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
7855 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
7856 ** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
7857 **
7858 ** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
7859 ** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
7860 ** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
7861 ** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
7862 ** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
7863 */
7864 SQLITE_API sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
7865 
7866 /*
7867 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
7868 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
7869 **
7870 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
7871 ** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
7872 ** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
7873 ** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
7874 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
7875 ** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
7876 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface will also return a NULL pointer if the
7877 ** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
7878 */
7879 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
7880 
7881 /*
7882 ** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
7883 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7884 **
7885 ** These interfaces add content to an sqlite3_str object previously obtained
7886 ** from [sqlite3_str_new()].
7887 **
7888 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
7889 ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
7890 ** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
7891 ** [sqlite3_str] object X.
7892 **
7893 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
7894 ** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
7895 ** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
7896 ** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
7897 ** method instead.
7898 **
7899 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
7900 ** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7901 **
7902 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
7903 ** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
7904 ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
7905 **
7906 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
7907 ** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
7908 **
7909 ** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
7910 ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
7911 ** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
7912 */
7913 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
7914 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
7915 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
7916 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
7917 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
7918 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
7919 
7920 /*
7921 ** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
7922 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
7923 **
7924 ** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
7925 **
7926 ** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
7927 ** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
7928 ** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
7929 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
7930 ** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
7931 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
7932 **
7933 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
7934 ** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
7935 ** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
7936 ** zero-termination byte.
7937 **
7938 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
7939 ** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
7940 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
7941 ** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
7942 ** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not used the pointer returned
7943 ** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
7944 ** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
7945 ** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
7946 ** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
7947 ** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
7948 */
7949 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
7950 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
7951 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
7952 
7953 /*
7954 ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
7955 **
7956 ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
7957 ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
7958 ** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
7959 ** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
7960 ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
7961 ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
7962 ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
7963 ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
7964 ** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
7965 ** value.  For those parameters
7966 ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
7967 ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
7968 ** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
7969 **
7970 ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
7971 ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
7972 **
7973 ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
7974 ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
7975 ** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
7976 **
7977 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
7978 */
7979 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
7980 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
7981   int op,
7982   sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
7983   sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
7984   int resetFlag
7985 );
7986 
7987 
7988 /*
7989 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
7990 ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
7991 **
7992 ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
7993 ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
7994 **
7995 ** <dl>
7996 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
7997 ** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
7998 ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
7999 ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
8000 ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
8001 ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
8002 ** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
8003 ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
8004 **
8005 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
8006 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8007 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
8008 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
8009 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8010 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8011 **
8012 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
8013 ** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
8014 ** currently checked out.</dd>)^
8015 **
8016 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
8017 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
8018 ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
8019 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
8020 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
8021 **
8022 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
8023 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
8024 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
8025 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
8026 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
8027 ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
8028 ** where too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
8029 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
8030 ** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
8031 **
8032 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
8033 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8034 ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
8035 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8036 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8037 **
8038 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
8039 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8040 **
8041 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
8042 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8043 **
8044 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
8045 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
8046 **
8047 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
8048 ** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
8049 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
8050 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
8051 ** </dl>
8052 **
8053 ** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
8054 */
8055 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
8056 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
8057 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
8058 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
8059 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
8060 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
8061 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
8062 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
8063 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
8064 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
8065 
8066 /*
8067 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
8068 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8069 **
8070 ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
8071 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
8072 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
8073 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
8074 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
8075 ** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
8076 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
8077 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
8078 **
8079 ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
8080 ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
8081 ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
8082 ** reset back down to the current value.
8083 **
8084 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
8085 ** non-zero [error code] on failure.
8086 **
8087 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
8088 */
8089 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
8090 
8091 /*
8092 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
8093 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
8094 **
8095 ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
8096 ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
8097 **
8098 ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
8099 ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
8100 ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
8101 ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
8102 ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
8103 **
8104 ** <dl>
8105 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
8106 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
8107 ** checked out.</dd>)^
8108 **
8109 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
8110 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
8111 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8112 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8113 **
8114 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
8115 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
8116 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8117 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
8118 ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
8119 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8120 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8121 **
8122 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
8123 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
8124 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number malloc attempts that might have
8125 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
8126 ** memory already being in use.
8127 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
8128 ** the current value is always zero.)^
8129 **
8130 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
8131 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8132 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
8133 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
8134 **
8135 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
8136 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
8137 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
8138 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
8139 ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
8140 ** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
8141 ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
8142 ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more or the pager caches are
8143 ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
8144 ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
8145 ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.
8146 **
8147 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
8148 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8149 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
8150 ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
8151 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
8152 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
8153 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
8154 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
8155 **
8156 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
8157 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
8158 ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
8159 ** the database connection.)^
8160 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
8161 ** </dd>
8162 **
8163 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
8164 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
8165 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
8166 ** is always 0.
8167 ** </dd>
8168 **
8169 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
8170 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
8171 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
8172 ** is always 0.
8173 ** </dd>
8174 **
8175 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
8176 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8177 ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
8178 ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
8179 ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
8180 ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
8181 ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
8182 ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
8183 ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
8184 ** </dd>
8185 **
8186 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
8187 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
8188 ** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
8189 ** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
8190 ** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
8191 ** additional overhead. This parameter can be used help identify
8192 ** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
8193 ** </dd>
8194 **
8195 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
8196 ** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
8197 ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
8198 ** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
8199 ** </dd>
8200 ** </dl>
8201 */
8202 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
8203 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
8204 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
8205 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
8206 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
8207 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
8208 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
8209 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
8210 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
8211 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
8212 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
8213 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
8214 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
8215 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 12   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
8216 
8217 
8218 /*
8219 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
8220 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
8221 **
8222 ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
8223 ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
8224 ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
8225 ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
8226 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
8227 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
8228 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
8229 ** an index.
8230 **
8231 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
8232 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
8233 ** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
8234 ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
8235 ** to be interrogated.)^
8236 ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
8237 ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
8238 ** interface call returns.
8239 **
8240 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
8241 */
8242 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
8243 
8244 /*
8245 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
8246 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
8247 **
8248 ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
8249 ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
8250 ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
8251 **
8252 ** <dl>
8253 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
8254 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
8255 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
8256 ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
8257 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
8258 **
8259 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
8260 ** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
8261 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8262 ** improvement performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
8263 **
8264 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
8265 ** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
8266 ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
8267 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
8268 ** improvement performance by adding permanent indices that do not
8269 ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
8270 **
8271 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
8272 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
8273 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
8274 ** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
8275 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
8276 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
8277 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.
8278 **
8279 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
8280 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
8281 ** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
8282 ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.
8283 **
8284 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
8285 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
8286 ** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
8287 ** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
8288 ** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
8289 ** cycle.
8290 **
8291 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
8292 ** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
8293 ** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
8294 ** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
8295 ** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
8296 ** </dd>
8297 ** </dl>
8298 */
8299 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
8300 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
8301 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
8302 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
8303 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
8304 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
8305 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
8306 
8307 /*
8308 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8309 **
8310 ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
8311 ** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
8312 ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
8313 ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
8314 ** to the object.
8315 **
8316 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8317 */
8318 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
8319 
8320 /*
8321 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
8322 **
8323 ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
8324 ** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
8325 ** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
8326 ** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
8327 **
8328 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
8329 */
8330 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
8331 struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
8332   void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
8333   void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
8334 };
8335 
8336 /*
8337 ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
8338 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
8339 **
8340 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
8341 ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
8342 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
8343 ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
8344 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
8345 ** By implementing a
8346 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
8347 ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
8348 ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
8349 ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
8350 ** how long.
8351 **
8352 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
8353 ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
8354 ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
8355 **
8356 ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
8357 ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
8358 ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
8359 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
8360 **
8361 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
8362 ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
8363 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
8364 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
8365 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
8366 ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
8367 ** required by the custom page cache implementation.
8368 ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
8369 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
8370 ** page cache.)^
8371 **
8372 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
8373 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8374 ** It can be used to clean up
8375 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
8376 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
8377 **
8378 ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
8379 ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
8380 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
8381 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
8382 ** in multithreaded applications.
8383 **
8384 ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
8385 ** call to xShutdown().
8386 **
8387 ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
8388 ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
8389 ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
8390 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
8391 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
8392 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always a power of two.  ^The
8393 ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
8394 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will
8395 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
8396 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
8397 ** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
8398 ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
8399 ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
8400 ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
8401 ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
8402 ** does not have to do anything special based with the value of bPurgeable;
8403 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
8404 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
8405 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
8406 ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
8407 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable false will
8408 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
8409 **
8410 ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
8411 ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
8412 ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored by) the cache
8413 ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
8414 ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
8415 ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
8416 ** value; it is advisory only.
8417 **
8418 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
8419 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
8420 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
8421 **
8422 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
8423 ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
8424 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
8425 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
8426 ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
8427 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
8428 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
8429 ** for each entry in the page cache.
8430 **
8431 ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
8432 ** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
8433 ** to be "pinned".
8434 **
8435 ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
8436 ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
8437 ** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
8438 ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
8439 ** parameter to help it determined what action to take:
8440 **
8441 ** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
8442 ** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
8443 ** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
8444 ** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it easy and convenient to do so.
8445 **                 Otherwise return NULL.
8446 ** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
8447 **                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
8448 ** </table>
8449 **
8450 ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
8451 ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
8452 ** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
8453 ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
8454 ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
8455 **
8456 ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
8457 ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
8458 ** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
8459 ** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
8460 ** ^If the discard parameter is
8461 ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of
8462 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
8463 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
8464 **
8465 ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
8466 ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
8467 ** to xFetch().
8468 **
8469 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
8470 ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
8471 ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
8472 ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
8473 ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
8474 ** to be pinned.
8475 **
8476 ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
8477 ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
8478 ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
8479 ** of these pages are pinned, they are implicitly unpinned, meaning that
8480 ** they can be safely discarded.
8481 **
8482 ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
8483 ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
8484 ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
8485 ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
8486 ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
8487 ** functions.
8488 **
8489 ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
8490 ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
8491 ** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
8492 ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
8493 ** do their best.
8494 */
8495 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
8496 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
8497   int iVersion;
8498   void *pArg;
8499   int (*xInit)(void*);
8500   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8501   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
8502   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8503   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8504   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8505   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
8506   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
8507       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8508   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8509   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8510   void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8511 };
8512 
8513 /*
8514 ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
8515 ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
8516 ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
8517 */
8518 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
8519 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
8520   void *pArg;
8521   int (*xInit)(void*);
8522   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
8523   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
8524   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
8525   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8526   void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
8527   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
8528   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
8529   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
8530   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
8531 };
8532 
8533 
8534 /*
8535 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
8536 **
8537 ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
8538 ** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
8539 ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
8540 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
8541 **
8542 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8543 */
8544 typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
8545 
8546 /*
8547 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
8548 **
8549 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
8550 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
8551 ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
8552 **
8553 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
8554 **
8555 ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
8556 ** for the duration of the backup operation.
8557 ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
8558 ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
8559 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
8560 ** preventing other database connections from
8561 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
8562 **
8563 ** ^(To perform a backup operation:
8564 **   <ol>
8565 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
8566 **         backup,
8567 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
8568 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
8569 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
8570 **         associated with the backup operation.
8571 **   </ol>)^
8572 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
8573 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
8574 **
8575 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
8576 **
8577 ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
8578 ** [database connection] associated with the destination database
8579 ** and the database name, respectively.
8580 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
8581 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
8582 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
8583 ** ^The S and M arguments passed to
8584 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
8585 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
8586 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
8587 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
8588 ** an error.
8589 **
8590 ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
8591 ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
8592 ** destination database.
8593 **
8594 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
8595 ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
8596 ** destination [database connection] D.
8597 ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
8598 ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
8599 ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
8600 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
8601 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
8602 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
8603 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
8604 ** operation.
8605 **
8606 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
8607 **
8608 ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
8609 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
8610 ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
8611 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
8612 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
8613 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
8614 ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
8615 ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
8616 ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
8617 ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
8618 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
8619 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
8620 **
8621 ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
8622 ** <ol>
8623 ** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
8624 ** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
8625 ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
8626 ** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
8627 ** destination and source page sizes differ.
8628 ** </ol>)^
8629 **
8630 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
8631 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
8632 ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
8633 ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
8634 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
8635 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
8636 ** [database connection]
8637 ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
8638 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
8639 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
8640 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
8641 ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
8642 ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
8643 ** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
8644 ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
8645 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
8646 **
8647 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
8648 ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
8649 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
8650 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
8651 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
8652 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
8653 ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
8654 ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
8655 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
8656 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
8657 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
8658 ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
8659 ** database is modified by the using the same database connection as is used
8660 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
8661 ** updated at the same time.
8662 **
8663 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
8664 **
8665 ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
8666 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
8667 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8668 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
8669 ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
8670 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
8671 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
8672 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
8673 ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
8674 **
8675 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
8676 ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless or whether or not
8677 ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
8678 ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
8679 ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
8680 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
8681 **
8682 ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
8683 ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
8684 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().
8685 **
8686 ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
8687 ** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
8688 **
8689 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
8690 ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
8691 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
8692 ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
8693 ** sqlite3_backup_step().
8694 ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
8695 ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
8696 ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
8697 ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8698 ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
8699 ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
8700 **
8701 ** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
8702 **
8703 ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
8704 ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
8705 ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
8706 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
8707 ** from within other threads.
8708 **
8709 ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
8710 ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
8711 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
8712 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
8713 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
8714 ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
8715 ** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
8716 ** backup is in progress might also also cause a mutex deadlock.
8717 **
8718 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
8719 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
8720 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
8721 ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
8722 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
8723 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
8724 **
8725 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
8726 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
8727 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
8728 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
8729 ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
8730 ** possible that they return invalid values.
8731 */
8732 SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
8733   sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
8734   const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
8735   sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
8736   const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
8737 );
8738 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
8739 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
8740 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
8741 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
8742 
8743 /*
8744 ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
8745 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8746 **
8747 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
8748 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
8749 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
8750 ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
8751 ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
8752 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
8753 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
8754 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
8755 **
8756 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
8757 **
8758 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
8759 ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
8760 **
8761 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
8762 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
8763 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
8764 ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
8765 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
8766 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
8767 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
8768 ** when the blocking connections current transaction is concluded. ^The
8769 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
8770 ** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
8771 **
8772 ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
8773 ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
8774 ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
8775 ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
8776 ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
8777 **
8778 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
8779 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
8780 ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
8781 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
8782 **
8783 ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
8784 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
8785 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
8786 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
8787 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
8788 ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connections
8789 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
8790 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
8791 **
8792 ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
8793 ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
8794 ** crash or deadlock may be the result.
8795 **
8796 ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
8797 ** returns SQLITE_OK.
8798 **
8799 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
8800 **
8801 ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
8802 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
8803 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
8804 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
8805 ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
8806 ** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
8807 **
8808 ** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
8809 ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
8810 ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
8811 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
8812 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
8813 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
8814 ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
8815 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
8816 **
8817 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
8818 **
8819 ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
8820 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
8821 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
8822 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
8823 ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
8824 ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
8825 ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
8826 **
8827 ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
8828 ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
8829 ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
8830 ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
8831 ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
8832 ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
8833 ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
8834 ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
8835 ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
8836 ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
8837 ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
8838 ** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
8839 **
8840 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
8841 **
8842 ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
8843 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
8844 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
8845 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
8846 ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
8847 ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
8848 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
8849 ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
8850 ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
8851 **
8852 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
8853 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
8854 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
8855 ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
8856 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
8857 */
8858 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
8859   sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
8860   void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
8861   void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
8862 );
8863 
8864 
8865 /*
8866 ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
8867 **
8868 ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
8869 ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
8870 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
8871 ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
8872 */
8873 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
8874 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
8875 
8876 /*
8877 ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
8878 *
8879 ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
8880 ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
8881 ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
8882 ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
8883 ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
8884 ** is case sensitive.
8885 **
8886 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8887 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8888 **
8889 ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
8890 */
8891 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
8892 
8893 /*
8894 ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
8895 *
8896 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
8897 ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
8898 ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
8899 ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
8900 ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
8901 ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
8902 ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
8903 ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
8904 ** one another.
8905 **
8906 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
8907 ** only ASCII characters are case folded.
8908 **
8909 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
8910 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
8911 **
8912 ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
8913 */
8914 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
8915 
8916 /*
8917 ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
8918 **
8919 ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
8920 ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
8921 ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
8922 ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
8923 **
8924 ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
8925 ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
8926 ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
8927 ** is considered bad form.
8928 **
8929 ** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
8930 **
8931 ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
8932 ** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
8933 ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
8934 ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
8935 ** buffer.
8936 */
8937 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
8938 
8939 /*
8940 ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
8941 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8942 **
8943 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
8944 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
8945 **
8946 ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
8947 ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
8948 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
8949 **
8950 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
8951 ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
8952 ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
8953 ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
8954 ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
8955 ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
8956 ** including those that were just committed.
8957 **
8958 ** The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
8959 ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
8960 ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
8961 ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
8962 ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
8963 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
8964 ** are undefined.
8965 **
8966 ** A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log callback
8967 ** registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()] replaces any
8968 ** previously registered write-ahead log callback. ^Note that the
8969 ** [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
8970 ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and will
8971 ** overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
8972 */
8973 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
8974   sqlite3*,
8975   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
8976   void*
8977 );
8978 
8979 /*
8980 ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
8981 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8982 **
8983 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
8984 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
8985 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
8986 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
8987 ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
8988 ** a negative value as the nFrame parameter disables automatic
8989 ** checkpoints entirely.
8990 **
8991 ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
8992 ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
8993 ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
8994 ** configured by this function.
8995 **
8996 ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
8997 ** from SQL.
8998 **
8999 ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
9000 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
9001 **
9002 ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
9003 ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
9004 ** pages.  The use of this interface
9005 ** is only necessary if the default setting is found to be suboptimal
9006 ** for a particular application.
9007 */
9008 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
9009 
9010 /*
9011 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9012 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9013 **
9014 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
9015 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
9016 **
9017 ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
9018 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
9019 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
9020 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
9021 ** information.
9022 **
9023 ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
9024 ** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
9025 ** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
9026 ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
9027 ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
9028 ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
9029 */
9030 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9031 
9032 /*
9033 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
9034 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9035 **
9036 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
9037 ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
9038 ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
9039 ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
9040 **
9041 ** <dl>
9042 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
9043 **   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
9044 **   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
9045 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
9046 **   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
9047 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
9048 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
9049 **
9050 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
9051 **   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
9052 **   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
9053 **   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
9054 **   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
9055 **   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
9056 **   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
9057 **
9058 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
9059 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
9060 **   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
9061 **   [busy-handler callback])
9062 **   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
9063 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
9064 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
9065 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
9066 **
9067 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
9068 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
9069 **   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
9070 **   to a successful return.
9071 ** </dl>
9072 **
9073 ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
9074 ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
9075 ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
9076 ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
9077 ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
9078 ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
9079 ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
9080 ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
9081 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
9082 **
9083 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
9084 ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
9085 ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
9086 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
9087 **
9088 ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
9089 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
9090 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
9091 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
9092 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
9093 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
9094 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
9095 ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
9096 ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
9097 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
9098 **
9099 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
9100 ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
9101 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
9102 ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
9103 ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
9104 ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
9105 ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
9106 ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
9107 ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
9108 ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
9109 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
9110 **
9111 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
9112 ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
9113 ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
9114 ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
9115 **
9116 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
9117 ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
9118 ** sets the error information that is queried by
9119 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
9120 **
9121 ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
9122 ** from SQL.
9123 */
9124 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
9125   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
9126   const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
9127   int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
9128   int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
9129   int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
9130 );
9131 
9132 /*
9133 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
9134 ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
9135 **
9136 ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
9137 ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
9138 ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
9139 ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
9140 */
9141 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
9142 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
9143 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for for readers */
9144 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
9145 
9146 /*
9147 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
9148 **
9149 ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
9150 ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
9151 ** various facets of the virtual table interface.
9152 **
9153 ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
9154 ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
9155 **
9156 ** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
9157 ** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
9158 ** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
9159 ** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
9160 ** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
9161 ** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
9162 ** is used.
9163 */
9164 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
9165 
9166 /*
9167 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
9168 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
9169 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
9170 **
9171 ** These macros define the various options to the
9172 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
9173 ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
9174 **
9175 ** <dl>
9176 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
9177 ** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
9178 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9179 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
9180 ** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
9181 ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
9182 ** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
9183 ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
9184 ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
9185 ** specified as part of the users SQL statement, regardless of the actual
9186 ** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
9187 **
9188 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
9189 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
9190 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
9191 ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
9192 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
9193 ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
9194 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
9195 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
9196 ** had been ABORT.
9197 **
9198 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
9199 ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
9200 ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
9201 ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
9202 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
9203 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
9204 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
9205 ** constraint handling.
9206 ** </dd>
9207 **
9208 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
9209 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9210 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
9211 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9212 ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
9213 ** views.
9214 ** </dd>
9215 **
9216 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
9217 ** <dd>Calls of the form
9218 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
9219 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implmentation
9220 ** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
9221 ** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
9222 ** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
9223 ** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
9224 ** flag unless absolutely necessary.
9225 ** </dd>
9226 ** </dl>
9227 */
9228 #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
9229 #define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
9230 #define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
9231 
9232 /*
9233 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
9234 **
9235 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
9236 ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
9237 ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
9238 ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9239 ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
9240 ** [virtual table].
9241 */
9242 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
9243 
9244 /*
9245 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
9246 **
9247 ** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
9248 ** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the
9249 ** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
9250 ** column value will not change.  The virtual table implementation can use
9251 ** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less
9252 ** expensive to compute and that the corresponding
9253 ** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
9254 **
9255 ** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
9256 ** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
9257 ** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
9258 ** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
9259 ** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
9260 ** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
9261 **
9262 ** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization.  Virtual table
9263 ** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the
9264 ** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false.  In the
9265 ** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always
9266 ** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement.
9267 */
9268 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
9269 
9270 /*
9271 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
9272 **
9273 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
9274 ** method of a [virtual table].
9275 **
9276 ** The first argument must be the sqlite3_index_info object that is the
9277 ** first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument must be
9278 ** an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the sqlite3_index_info
9279 ** structure passed to xBestIndex. This function returns a pointer to a buffer
9280 ** containing the name of the collation sequence for the corresponding
9281 ** constraint.
9282 */
9283 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
9284 
9285 /*
9286 ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
9287 ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
9288 **
9289 ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
9290 ** inform a [virtual table] implementation what the [ON CONFLICT] mode
9291 ** is for the SQL statement being evaluated.
9292 **
9293 ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
9294 ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
9295 ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
9296 */
9297 #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
9298 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
9299 #define SQLITE_FAIL     3
9300 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
9301 #define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
9302 
9303 /*
9304 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
9305 ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
9306 **
9307 ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
9308 ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
9309 ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
9310 **
9311 ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
9312 ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
9313 ** S is finalized.
9314 **
9315 ** <dl>
9316 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
9317 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
9318 ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
9319 **
9320 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
9321 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9322 ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
9323 **
9324 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
9325 ** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9326 ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
9327 ** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimates was accurate,
9328 ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
9329 ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
9330 ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.
9331 **
9332 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
9333 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9334 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
9335 ** used for the X-th loop.
9336 **
9337 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
9338 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
9339 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
9340 ** description for the X-th loop.
9341 **
9342 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECT</dt>
9343 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
9344 ** "select-id" for the X-th loop.  The select-id identifies which query or
9345 ** subquery the loop is part of.  The main query has a select-id of zero.
9346 ** The select-id is the same value as is output in the first column
9347 ** of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.
9348 ** </dl>
9349 */
9350 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
9351 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
9352 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
9353 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
9354 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
9355 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
9356 
9357 /*
9358 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
9359 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9360 **
9361 ** This interface returns information about the predicted and measured
9362 ** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
9363 ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
9364 ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
9365 **
9366 ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
9367 ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
9368 ** compile-time option.
9369 **
9370 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
9371 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
9372 ** of this interface is undefined.
9373 ** ^The requested measurement is written into a variable pointed to by
9374 ** the "pOut" parameter.
9375 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific loop to retrieve statistics for.
9376 ** Loops are numbered starting from zero. ^If idx is out of range - less than
9377 ** zero or greater than or equal to the total number of loops used to implement
9378 ** the statement - a non-zero value is returned and the variable that pOut
9379 ** points to is unchanged.
9380 **
9381 ** ^Statistics might not be available for all loops in all statements. ^In cases
9382 ** where there exist loops with no available statistics, this function behaves
9383 ** as if the loop did not exist - it returns non-zero and leave the variable
9384 ** that pOut points to unchanged.
9385 **
9386 ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()]
9387 */
9388 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
9389   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
9390   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
9391   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
9392   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
9393 );
9394 
9395 /*
9396 ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
9397 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9398 **
9399 ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
9400 **
9401 ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
9402 ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
9403 */
9404 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
9405 
9406 /*
9407 ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
9408 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9409 **
9410 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
9411 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface invoked, any dirty
9412 ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
9413 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
9414 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
9415 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
9416 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
9417 ** any [attached] databases.
9418 **
9419 ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
9420 ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
9421 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
9422 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
9423 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
9424 ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
9425 ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
9426 ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
9427 **
9428 ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
9429 ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
9430 ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
9431 **
9432 ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
9433 **
9434 ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
9435 ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
9436 */
9437 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
9438 
9439 /*
9440 ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
9441 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9442 **
9443 ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
9444 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
9445 **
9446 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
9447 ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
9448 ** on a database table.
9449 ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
9450 ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
9451 ** the previous setting.
9452 ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
9453 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
9454 ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
9455 ** the first parameter to callbacks.
9456 **
9457 ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
9458 ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
9459 ** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
9460 **
9461 ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
9462 ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
9463 ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
9464 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
9465 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
9466 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9467 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
9468 ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
9469 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
9470 ** databases.)^
9471 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
9472 ** table that is being modified.
9473 **
9474 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
9475 ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
9476 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
9477 ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
9478 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
9479 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
9480 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
9481 ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
9482 ** DELETE operations on rowid tables.
9483 **
9484 ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
9485 ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
9486 ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
9487 ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
9488 ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
9489 ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
9490 ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
9491 ** behavior.
9492 **
9493 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
9494 ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
9495 **
9496 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9497 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9498 ** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9499 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9500 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
9501 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
9502 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9503 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9504 **
9505 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
9506 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
9507 ** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
9508 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
9509 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
9510 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
9511 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
9512 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
9513 **
9514 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
9515 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
9516 ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
9517 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
9518 ** triggers; and so forth.
9519 **
9520 ** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
9521 */
9522 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
9523 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
9524   sqlite3 *db,
9525   void(*xPreUpdate)(
9526     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
9527     sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
9528     int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
9529     char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
9530     char const *zName,            /* Table name */
9531     sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
9532     sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
9533   ),
9534   void*
9535 );
9536 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9537 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
9538 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
9539 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
9540 #endif
9541 
9542 /*
9543 ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
9544 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9545 **
9546 ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
9547 ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
9548 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
9549 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
9550 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
9551 ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
9552 */
9553 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
9554 
9555 /*
9556 ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
9557 ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
9558 **
9559 ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
9560 ** database for some specific point in history.
9561 **
9562 ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
9563 ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
9564 ** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
9565 ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
9566 ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
9567 ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
9568 ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
9569 **
9570 ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
9571 ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
9572 ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
9573 ** the most recent version.
9574 */
9575 typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
9576   unsigned char hidden[48];
9577 } sqlite3_snapshot;
9578 
9579 /*
9580 ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
9581 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9582 **
9583 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
9584 ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
9585 ** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
9586 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
9587 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
9588 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
9589 ** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
9590 **
9591 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
9592 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
9593 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
9594 ** in this case.
9595 **
9596 ** <ul>
9597 **   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
9598 **
9599 **   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
9600 **
9601 **   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
9602 **        connection D.
9603 **
9604 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
9605 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
9606 **        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
9607 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
9608 **        must be written to it first.
9609 ** </ul>
9610 **
9611 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
9612 ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
9613 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
9614 **
9615 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
9616 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
9617 ** to avoid a memory leak.
9618 **
9619 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
9620 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9621 */
9622 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
9623   sqlite3 *db,
9624   const char *zSchema,
9625   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
9626 );
9627 
9628 /*
9629 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
9630 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9631 **
9632 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
9633 ** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
9634 ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
9635 ** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
9636 ** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
9637 ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
9638 **
9639 ** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
9640 ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
9641 ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
9642 ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
9643 ** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
9644 ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
9645 ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
9646 **
9647 ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
9648 ** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
9649 ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
9650 **
9651 ** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
9652 ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
9653 ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
9654 ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
9655 ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
9656 ** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
9657 ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
9658 **
9659 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
9660 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
9661 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
9662 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
9663 ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
9664 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
9665 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
9666 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
9667 **
9668 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
9669 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9670 */
9671 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
9672   sqlite3 *db,
9673   const char *zSchema,
9674   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
9675 );
9676 
9677 /*
9678 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
9679 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
9680 **
9681 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
9682 ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
9683 ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
9684 **
9685 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
9686 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
9687 */
9688 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
9689 
9690 /*
9691 ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
9692 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9693 **
9694 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
9695 ** of two valid snapshot handles.
9696 **
9697 ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
9698 ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
9699 **
9700 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
9701 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
9702 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
9703 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
9704 ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
9705 ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
9706 ** is undefined.
9707 **
9708 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
9709 ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
9710 ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
9711 **
9712 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9713 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9714 */
9715 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
9716   sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
9717   sqlite3_snapshot *p2
9718 );
9719 
9720 /*
9721 ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
9722 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
9723 **
9724 ** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
9725 ** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
9726 ** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
9727 ** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
9728 ** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
9729 ** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
9730 ** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
9731 **
9732 ** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
9733 ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
9734 ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
9735 ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
9736 ** database.
9737 **
9738 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
9739 **
9740 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9741 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
9742 */
9743 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
9744 
9745 /*
9746 ** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
9747 **
9748 ** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to memory
9749 ** that is a serialization of the S database on [database connection] D.
9750 ** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
9751 ** is written into *P.
9752 **
9753 ** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
9754 ** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
9755 ** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
9756 ** to disk if that database where backed up to disk.
9757 **
9758 ** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
9759 ** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
9760 ** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
9761 ** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
9762 ** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
9763 ** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
9764 ** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
9765 ** is currently using for that database, or NULL if the no such contiguous
9766 ** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
9767 ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
9768 ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
9769 ** values of D and S.
9770 ** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
9771 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
9772 ** of the database exists.
9773 **
9774 ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
9775 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
9776 ** allocation error occurs.
9777 **
9778 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9779 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9780 */
9781 SQLITE_API unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
9782   sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
9783   const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
9784   sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
9785   unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
9786 );
9787 
9788 /*
9789 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
9790 **
9791 ** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
9792 ** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
9793 **
9794 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
9795 ** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
9796 ** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
9797 ** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
9798 ** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
9799 ** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
9800 ** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
9801 */
9802 #define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
9803 
9804 /*
9805 ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
9806 **
9807 ** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
9808 ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
9809 ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization contained
9810 ** in P.  The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size of
9811 ** the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than N, and
9812 ** the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then SQLite is
9813 ** permitted to add content to the in-memory database as long as the total
9814 ** size does not exceed M bytes.
9815 **
9816 ** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
9817 ** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
9818 ** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
9819 ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
9820 ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
9821 **
9822 ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
9823 ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
9824 ** operation.
9825 **
9826 ** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
9827 ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
9828 ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
9829 **
9830 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
9831 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_DESERIALIZE] option.
9832 */
9833 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_deserialize(
9834   sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
9835   const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
9836   unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
9837   sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number bytes in the deserialization */
9838   sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
9839   unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
9840 );
9841 
9842 /*
9843 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
9844 **
9845 ** The following are allowed values for 6th argument (the F argument) to
9846 ** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
9847 **
9848 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
9849 ** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
9850 ** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
9851 ** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
9852 ** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
9853 **
9854 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
9855 ** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
9856 ** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
9857 ** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
9858 ** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
9859 **
9860 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
9861 ** should be treated as read-only.
9862 */
9863 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
9864 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
9865 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
9866 
9867 /*
9868 ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
9869 ** builds on processors without floating point support.
9870 */
9871 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
9872 # undef double
9873 #endif
9874 
9875 #ifdef __cplusplus
9876 }  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
9877 #endif
9878 #endif /* SQLITE3_H */
9879 
9880 /******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9881 /*
9882 ** 2010 August 30
9883 **
9884 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
9885 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
9886 **
9887 **    May you do good and not evil.
9888 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9889 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
9890 **
9891 *************************************************************************
9892 */
9893 
9894 #ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9895 #define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
9896 
9897 
9898 #ifdef __cplusplus
9899 extern "C" {
9900 #endif
9901 
9902 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
9903 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
9904 
9905 /* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
9906 ** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
9907 */
9908 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
9909   typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9910 #else
9911   typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
9912 #endif
9913 
9914 /*
9915 ** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
9916 ** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9917 **
9918 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
9919 */
9920 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
9921   sqlite3 *db,
9922   const char *zGeom,
9923   int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
9924   void *pContext
9925 );
9926 
9927 
9928 /*
9929 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
9930 ** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
9931 */
9932 struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
9933   void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
9934   int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
9935   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
9936   void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
9937   void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
9938 };
9939 
9940 /*
9941 ** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
9942 ** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
9943 **
9944 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
9945 */
9946 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
9947   sqlite3 *db,
9948   const char *zQueryFunc,
9949   int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
9950   void *pContext,
9951   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
9952 );
9953 
9954 
9955 /*
9956 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
9957 ** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
9958 ** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
9959 **
9960 ** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
9961 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
9962 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
9963 */
9964 struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
9965   void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
9966   int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
9967   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
9968   void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
9969   void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
9970   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
9971   unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
9972   int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
9973   int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
9974   int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
9975   sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
9976   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
9977   int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
9978   int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visibility */
9979   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
9980   /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
9981   sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
9982 };
9983 
9984 /*
9985 ** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
9986 */
9987 #define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
9988 #define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
9989 #define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
9990 
9991 
9992 #ifdef __cplusplus
9993 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
9994 #endif
9995 
9996 #endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
9997 
9998 /******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
9999 /******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
10000 
10001 #if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
10002 #define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
10003 
10004 /*
10005 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
10006 */
10007 #ifdef __cplusplus
10008 extern "C" {
10009 #endif
10010 
10011 
10012 /*
10013 ** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
10014 **
10015 ** An instance of this object is a [session] that can be used to
10016 ** record changes to a database.
10017 */
10018 typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
10019 
10020 /*
10021 ** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
10022 **
10023 ** An instance of this object acts as a cursor for iterating
10024 ** over the elements of a [changeset] or [patchset].
10025 */
10026 typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
10027 
10028 /*
10029 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
10030 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
10031 **
10032 ** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
10033 ** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
10034 ** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
10035 ** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
10036 **
10037 ** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
10038 ** database handle.
10039 **
10040 ** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
10041 ** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
10042 ** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
10043 ** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
10044 ** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
10045 ** are undefined.
10046 **
10047 ** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
10048 ** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
10049 ** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
10050 ** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
10051 ** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
10052 ** either of these things are undefined.
10053 **
10054 ** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
10055 ** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
10056 ** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
10057 ** to the database when the session object is created.
10058 */
10059 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
10060   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
10061   const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
10062   sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
10063 );
10064 
10065 /*
10066 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
10067 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
10068 **
10069 ** Delete a session object previously allocated using
10070 ** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
10071 ** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
10072 ** function are undefined.
10073 **
10074 ** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
10075 ** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
10076 ** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
10077 */
10078 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10079 
10080 
10081 /*
10082 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
10083 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10084 **
10085 ** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
10086 ** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
10087 ** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
10088 ** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
10089 ** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
10090 ** the eventual changesets.
10091 **
10092 ** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
10093 ** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
10094 ** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
10095 **
10096 ** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
10097 ** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
10098 */
10099 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
10100 
10101 /*
10102 ** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
10103 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10104 **
10105 ** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
10106 ** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
10107 **
10108 ** <ul>
10109 **   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
10110 **        made, or
10111 **   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
10112 **        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
10113 ** </ul>
10114 **
10115 ** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
10116 ** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
10117 ** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
10118 **
10119 ** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
10120 ** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
10121 ** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
10122 ** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
10123 ** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
10124 ** indirect flag for the specified session object.
10125 **
10126 ** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
10127 ** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
10128 */
10129 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
10130 
10131 /*
10132 ** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
10133 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10134 **
10135 ** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
10136 ** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
10137 ** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
10138 ** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
10139 **
10140 ** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
10141 ** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
10142 ** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
10143 ** the new tables are also recorded.
10144 **
10145 ** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
10146 ** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
10147 ** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
10148 ** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
10149 **
10150 ** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
10151 ** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
10152 ** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
10153 **
10154 ** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
10155 ** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
10156 **
10157 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
10158 ** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
10159 **
10160 ** <h3>Special sqlite_stat1 Handling</h3>
10161 **
10162 ** As of SQLite version 3.22.0, the "sqlite_stat1" table is an exception to
10163 ** some of the rules above. In SQLite, the schema of sqlite_stat1 is:
10164 **  <pre>
10165 **  &nbsp;     CREATE TABLE sqlite_stat1(tbl,idx,stat)
10166 **  </pre>
10167 **
10168 ** Even though sqlite_stat1 does not have a PRIMARY KEY, changes are
10169 ** recorded for it as if the PRIMARY KEY is (tbl,idx). Additionally, changes
10170 ** are recorded for rows for which (idx IS NULL) is true. However, for such
10171 ** rows a zero-length blob (SQL value X'') is stored in the changeset or
10172 ** patchset instead of a NULL value. This allows such changesets to be
10173 ** manipulated by legacy implementations of sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10174 ** concat() and similar.
10175 **
10176 ** The sqlite3changeset_apply() function automatically converts the
10177 ** zero-length blob back to a NULL value when updating the sqlite_stat1
10178 ** table. However, if the application calls sqlite3changeset_new(),
10179 ** sqlite3changeset_old() or sqlite3changeset_conflict on a changeset
10180 ** iterator directly (including on a changeset iterator passed to a
10181 ** conflict-handler callback) then the X'' value is returned. The application
10182 ** must translate X'' to NULL itself if required.
10183 **
10184 ** Legacy (older than 3.22.0) versions of the sessions module cannot capture
10185 ** changes made to the sqlite_stat1 table. Legacy versions of the
10186 ** sqlite3changeset_apply() function silently ignore any modifications to the
10187 ** sqlite_stat1 table that are part of a changeset or patchset.
10188 */
10189 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
10190   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10191   const char *zTab                /* Table name */
10192 );
10193 
10194 /*
10195 ** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
10196 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10197 **
10198 ** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
10199 ** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
10200 ** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
10201 ** If xFilter returns 0, changes are not tracked. Note that once a table is
10202 ** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
10203 */
10204 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
10205   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10206   int(*xFilter)(
10207     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
10208     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
10209   ),
10210   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
10211 );
10212 
10213 /*
10214 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
10215 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10216 **
10217 ** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
10218 ** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
10219 ** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
10220 ** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
10221 ** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
10222 ** zero and return an SQLite error code.
10223 **
10224 ** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
10225 ** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
10226 ** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
10227 ** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
10228 ** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
10229 ** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
10230 ** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
10231 ** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
10232 ** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
10233 **
10234 ** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
10235 ** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
10236 ** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
10237 ** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
10238 ** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
10239 ** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
10240 ** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
10241 ** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
10242 ** DELETE change only.
10243 **
10244 ** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
10245 ** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
10246 ** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
10247 ** API.
10248 **
10249 ** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
10250 ** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
10251 ** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
10252 ** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
10253 ** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
10254 ** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
10255 ** a single table are stored is undefined.
10256 **
10257 ** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
10258 ** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
10259 ** [sqlite3_free()].
10260 **
10261 ** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
10262 **
10263 ** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
10264 ** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
10265 ** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
10266 ** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
10267 ** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
10268 ** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
10269 **
10270 ** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
10271 ** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
10272 ** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
10273 **
10274 ** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
10275 ** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
10276 ** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
10277 ** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
10278 ** or updates a record).
10279 **
10280 ** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
10281 ** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
10282 ** file. Specifically:
10283 **
10284 ** <ul>
10285 **   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
10286 **        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
10287 **        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
10288 **        is added to the changeset.
10289 **
10290 **   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
10291 **        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
10292 **        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
10293 **        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
10294 **        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
10295 **        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
10296 **        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
10297 **        values, no change is added to the changeset.
10298 ** </ul>
10299 **
10300 ** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
10301 ** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
10302 ** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
10303 ** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
10304 ** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
10305 ** a DELETE and an INSERT.
10306 **
10307 ** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
10308 ** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
10309 ** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
10310 ** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
10311 ** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
10312 ** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
10313 ** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
10314 ** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is disabled, and
10315 ** another field of the same row is updated while the session is enabled, the
10316 ** resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both fields.
10317 */
10318 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
10319   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10320   int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
10321   void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
10322 );
10323 
10324 /*
10325 ** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
10326 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10327 **
10328 ** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
10329 ** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
10330 ** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
10331 ** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
10332 ** an error).
10333 **
10334 ** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
10335 ** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
10336 ** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
10337 ** A table is considered compatible if it:
10338 **
10339 ** <ul>
10340 **   <li> Has the same name,
10341 **   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
10342 **   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
10343 ** </ul>
10344 **
10345 ** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
10346 ** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
10347 ** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
10348 ** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
10349 **
10350 ** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
10351 ** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
10352 ** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
10353 ** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
10354 **
10355 ** <ul>
10356 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10357 **     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
10358 **
10359 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
10360 **     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
10361 **
10362 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
10363 **     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
10364 **     session.
10365 ** </ul>
10366 **
10367 ** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
10368 ** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
10369 ** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
10370 ** identical.
10371 **
10372 ** It an error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the
10373 ** required compatible table.
10374 **
10375 ** If the operation is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
10376 ** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
10377 ** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
10378 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
10379 ** sqlite3_free().
10380 */
10381 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
10382   sqlite3_session *pSession,
10383   const char *zFromDb,
10384   const char *zTbl,
10385   char **pzErrMsg
10386 );
10387 
10388 
10389 /*
10390 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
10391 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
10392 **
10393 ** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
10394 **
10395 ** <ul>
10396 **   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
10397 **        original values of other fields are omitted.
10398 **   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
10399 **        UPDATE records.
10400 ** </ul>
10401 **
10402 ** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
10403 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
10404 ** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
10405 ** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
10406 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
10407 **
10408 ** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
10409 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
10410 ** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
10411 ** in the same way as for changesets.
10412 **
10413 ** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
10414 ** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
10415 ** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
10416 ** they were attached to the session object).
10417 */
10418 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
10419   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
10420   int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppPatchset */
10421   void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing patchset */
10422 );
10423 
10424 /*
10425 ** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
10426 **
10427 ** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
10428 ** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
10429 ** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
10430 **
10431 ** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
10432 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
10433 ** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
10434 ** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
10435 ** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
10436 ** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
10437 ** changeset containing zero changes.
10438 */
10439 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
10440 
10441 /*
10442 ** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
10443 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10444 **
10445 ** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
10446 ** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
10447 ** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
10448 ** SQLite error code is returned.
10449 **
10450 ** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
10451 ** iterator created by this function:
10452 **
10453 ** <ul>
10454 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
10455 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
10456 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
10457 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
10458 ** </ul>
10459 **
10460 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
10461 ** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
10462 ** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
10463 ** destroyed.
10464 **
10465 ** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
10466 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
10467 ** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
10468 ** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
10469 ** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
10470 ** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
10471 ** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
10472 ** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
10473 ** another change for table X.
10474 **
10475 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_start_v2() and its streaming equivalent
10476 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
10477 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT | supported flags] as the 4th parameter.
10478 **
10479 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_start_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
10480 ** and therefore subject to change.
10481 */
10482 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
10483   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10484   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10485   void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10486 );
10487 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2(
10488   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
10489   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
10490   void *pChangeset,               /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
10491   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETSTART_* flags */
10492 );
10493 
10494 /*
10495 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_start_v2
10496 **
10497 ** The following flags may passed via the 4th parameter to
10498 ** [sqlite3changeset_start_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm]:
10499 **
10500 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
10501 **   Invert the changeset while iterating through it. This is equivalent to
10502 **   inverting a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it.
10503 **   It is an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
10504 */
10505 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT        0x0002
10506 
10507 
10508 /*
10509 ** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
10510 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10511 **
10512 ** This function may only be used with iterators created by the function
10513 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
10514 ** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
10515 ** is returned and the call has no effect.
10516 **
10517 ** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
10518 ** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
10519 ** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
10520 ** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
10521 ** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
10522 ** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
10523 ** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
10524 ** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
10525 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
10526 **
10527 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
10528 ** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
10529 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
10530 */
10531 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10532 
10533 /*
10534 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
10535 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10536 **
10537 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10538 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10539 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10540 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
10541 ** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
10542 **
10543 ** If argument pzTab is not NULL, then *pzTab is set to point to a
10544 ** nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing the name of the table
10545 ** affected by the current change. The buffer remains valid until either
10546 ** sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator or until the
10547 ** conflict-handler function returns. If pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is
10548 ** set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change. If
10549 ** pbIndirect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
10550 ** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
10551 ** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
10552 ** changes. Finally, if pOp is not NULL, then *pOp is set to one of
10553 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the
10554 ** type of change that the iterator currently points to.
10555 **
10556 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
10557 ** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
10558 ** be trusted in this case.
10559 */
10560 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
10561   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10562   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
10563   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
10564   int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
10565   int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
10566 );
10567 
10568 /*
10569 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
10570 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10571 **
10572 ** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
10573 **
10574 ** <ul>
10575 **   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
10576 **   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
10577 ** </ul>
10578 **
10579 ** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
10580 ** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
10581 ** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
10582 ** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
10583 ** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
10584 ** 0x00 if it is not.
10585 **
10586 ** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
10587 ** in the table.
10588 **
10589 ** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
10590 ** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
10591 ** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
10592 ** above.
10593 */
10594 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
10595   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
10596   unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
10597   int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
10598 );
10599 
10600 /*
10601 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10602 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10603 **
10604 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10605 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10606 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10607 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10608 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10609 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
10610 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10611 **
10612 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10613 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10614 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10615 **
10616 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10617 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10618 ** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
10619 ** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
10620 ** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
10621 **
10622 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10623 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10624 */
10625 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
10626   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10627   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10628   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
10629 );
10630 
10631 /*
10632 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
10633 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10634 **
10635 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
10636 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
10637 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
10638 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
10639 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
10640 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
10641 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
10642 **
10643 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10644 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10645 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10646 **
10647 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10648 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
10649 ** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
10650 ** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
10651 ** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
10652 ** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
10653 ** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
10654 ** triggers.
10655 **
10656 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10657 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10658 */
10659 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
10660   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10661   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10662   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
10663 );
10664 
10665 /*
10666 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
10667 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10668 **
10669 ** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
10670 ** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
10671 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
10672 ** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
10673 ** is set to NULL.
10674 **
10675 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
10676 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
10677 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10678 **
10679 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
10680 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
10681 ** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
10682 ** and returns SQLITE_OK.
10683 **
10684 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
10685 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
10686 */
10687 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
10688   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10689   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
10690   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
10691 );
10692 
10693 /*
10694 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
10695 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10696 **
10697 ** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
10698 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
10699 ** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
10700 ** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
10701 **
10702 ** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
10703 */
10704 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
10705   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
10706   int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
10707 );
10708 
10709 
10710 /*
10711 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
10712 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
10713 **
10714 ** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
10715 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
10716 **
10717 ** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
10718 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
10719 ** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
10720 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
10721 ** call has no effect.
10722 **
10723 ** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
10724 ** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
10725 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
10726 ** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
10727 ** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
10728 **
10729 ** <pre>
10730 **   sqlite3changeset_start();
10731 **   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
10732 **     // Do something with change.
10733 **   }
10734 **   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
10735 **   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
10736 **     // An error has occurred
10737 **   }
10738 ** </pre>
10739 */
10740 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
10741 
10742 /*
10743 ** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
10744 **
10745 ** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
10746 ** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
10747 ** changeset. Specifically:
10748 **
10749 ** <ul>
10750 **   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
10751 **   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
10752 **   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
10753 ** </ul>
10754 **
10755 ** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
10756 ** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
10757 **
10758 ** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
10759 ** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
10760 ** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
10761 ** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
10762 **
10763 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
10764 ** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
10765 ** call to this function.
10766 **
10767 ** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
10768 ** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
10769 */
10770 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
10771   int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
10772   int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
10773 );
10774 
10775 /*
10776 ** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
10777 **
10778 ** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
10779 ** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
10780 ** changeset A followed by changeset B.
10781 **
10782 ** This function combines the two input changesets using an
10783 ** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
10784 ** following code fragment:
10785 **
10786 ** <pre>
10787 **   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
10788 **   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
10789 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
10790 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
10791 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
10792 **     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
10793 **   }else{
10794 **     *ppOut = 0;
10795 **     *pnOut = 0;
10796 **   }
10797 ** </pre>
10798 **
10799 ** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
10800 */
10801 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
10802   int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
10803   void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
10804   int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
10805   void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
10806   int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
10807   void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
10808 );
10809 
10810 
10811 /*
10812 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
10813 **
10814 ** A changegroup is an object used to combine two or more
10815 ** [changesets] or [patchsets]
10816 */
10817 typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
10818 
10819 /*
10820 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
10821 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10822 **
10823 ** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
10824 ** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
10825 ** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
10826 ** always in the same format as the input.
10827 **
10828 ** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
10829 ** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
10830 ** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
10831 ** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
10832 ** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
10833 **
10834 ** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
10835 **
10836 ** <ul>
10837 **   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
10838 **
10839 **   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
10840 **        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
10841 **
10842 **   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
10843 **        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
10844 **
10845 **   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
10846 ** </ul>
10847 **
10848 ** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
10849 ** new() and delete(), and in any order.
10850 **
10851 ** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
10852 ** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
10853 ** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
10854 */
10855 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
10856 
10857 /*
10858 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
10859 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10860 **
10861 ** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
10862 ** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
10863 **
10864 ** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
10865 ** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
10866 ** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
10867 ** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
10868 ** to the changegroup.
10869 **
10870 ** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
10871 ** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
10872 ** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
10873 ** the two rows have the same primary key.
10874 **
10875 ** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
10876 ** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
10877 ** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
10878 ** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
10879 **
10880 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
10881 **   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
10882 **       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
10883 **       <th>Output Change
10884 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
10885 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10886 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10887 **       added to the changegroup.
10888 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
10889 **       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
10890 **       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
10891 **       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
10892 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
10893 **       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
10894 **       not added.
10895 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
10896 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10897 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10898 **       added to the changegroup.
10899 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
10900 **       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
10901 **       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
10902 **       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
10903 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
10904 **       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
10905 **       changegroup.
10906 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
10907 **       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
10908 **       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
10909 **       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
10910 **       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
10911 **       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
10912 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
10913 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10914 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10915 **       added to the changegroup.
10916 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
10917 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
10918 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
10919 **       added to the changegroup.
10920 ** </table>
10921 **
10922 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
10923 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
10924 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
10925 ** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. If the input changeset
10926 ** appears to be corrupt and the corruption is detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is
10927 ** returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition occurs during processing, this
10928 ** function returns SQLITE_NOMEM. In all cases, if an error occurs the state
10929 ** of the final contents of the changegroup is undefined.
10930 **
10931 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10932 */
10933 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
10934 
10935 /*
10936 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
10937 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
10938 **
10939 ** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
10940 ** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
10941 ** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
10942 ** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
10943 **
10944 ** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
10945 ** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
10946 ** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
10947 ** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
10948 ** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
10949 ** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
10950 ** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
10951 ** which they are first encountered.
10952 **
10953 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
10954 ** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
10955 ** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
10956 ** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
10957 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
10958 ** call to sqlite3_free().
10959 */
10960 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output(
10961   sqlite3_changegroup*,
10962   int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
10963   void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
10964 );
10965 
10966 /*
10967 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
10968 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
10969 */
10970 SQLITE_API void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
10971 
10972 /*
10973 ** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
10974 **
10975 ** Apply a changeset or patchset to a database. These functions attempt to
10976 ** update the "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in
10977 ** the changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
10978 **
10979 ** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to these functions is the "filter
10980 ** callback". If it is not NULL, then for each table affected by at least one
10981 ** change in the changeset, the filter callback is invoked with
10982 ** the table name as the second argument, and a copy of the context pointer
10983 ** passed as the sixth argument as the first. If the "filter callback"
10984 ** returns zero, then no attempt is made to apply any changes to the table.
10985 ** Otherwise, if the return value is non-zero or the xFilter argument to
10986 ** is NULL, all changes related to the table are attempted.
10987 **
10988 ** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
10989 ** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
10990 ** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
10991 **
10992 ** <ul>
10993 **   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
10994 **        changeset, and
10995 **   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
10996 **        changeset, and
10997 **   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
10998 **        recorded in the changeset.
10999 ** </ul>
11000 **
11001 ** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
11002 ** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
11003 ** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
11004 ** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
11005 **
11006 ** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
11007 ** to modify the table contents according to the UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
11008 ** change. If a change cannot be applied cleanly, the conflict handler
11009 ** function passed as the fifth argument to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be
11010 ** invoked. A description of exactly when the conflict handler is invoked for
11011 ** each type of change is below.
11012 **
11013 ** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
11014 ** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
11015 ** argument are undefined.
11016 **
11017 ** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
11018 ** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
11019 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
11020 ** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
11021 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
11022 ** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
11023 ** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
11024 ** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
11025 ** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
11026 ** the documentation for the three
11027 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
11028 **
11029 ** <dl>
11030 ** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
11031 **   For each DELETE change, the function checks if the target database
11032 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
11033 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
11034 **   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
11035 **   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
11036 **
11037 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
11038 **   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
11039 **   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
11040 **   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
11041 **   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
11042 **   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
11043 **   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
11044 **   are ignored.
11045 **
11046 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
11047 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
11048 **   passed as the second argument.
11049 **
11050 **   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
11051 **   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
11052 **   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
11053 **   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
11054 **   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
11055 **   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11056 **
11057 ** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
11058 **   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
11059 **   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
11060 **   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
11061 **   values.
11062 **
11063 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
11064 **   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
11065 **   function is invoked with the second argument set to
11066 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
11067 **
11068 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
11069 **   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
11070 **   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
11071 **   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
11072 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11073 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11074 **
11075 ** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
11076 **   For each UPDATE change, the function checks if the target database
11077 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
11078 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
11079 **   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
11080 **   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
11081 **
11082 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
11083 **   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
11084 **   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
11085 **   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
11086 **   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
11087 **   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
11088 **   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
11089 **
11090 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
11091 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
11092 **   passed as the second argument.
11093 **
11094 **   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
11095 **   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
11096 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
11097 **   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
11098 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
11099 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
11100 ** </dl>
11101 **
11102 ** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
11103 ** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
11104 ** This can be used to further customize the application's conflict
11105 ** resolution strategy.
11106 **
11107 ** All changes made by these functions are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
11108 ** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
11109 ** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
11110 ** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
11111 ** SQLite error code returned.
11112 **
11113 ** If the output parameters (ppRebase) and (pnRebase) are non-NULL and
11114 ** the input is a changeset (not a patchset), then sqlite3changeset_apply_v2()
11115 ** may set (*ppRebase) to point to a "rebase" that may be used with the
11116 ** sqlite3_rebaser APIs buffer before returning. In this case (*pnRebase)
11117 ** is set to the size of the buffer in bytes. It is the responsibility of the
11118 ** caller to eventually free any such buffer using sqlite3_free(). The buffer
11119 ** is only allocated and populated if one or more conflicts were encountered
11120 ** while applying the patchset. See comments surrounding the sqlite3_rebaser
11121 ** APIs for further details.
11122 **
11123 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and its streaming equivalent
11124 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
11125 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT | supported flags] as the 9th parameter.
11126 **
11127 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
11128 ** and therefore subject to change.
11129 */
11130 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
11131   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11132   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11133   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11134   int(*xFilter)(
11135     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11136     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11137   ),
11138   int(*xConflict)(
11139     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11140     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11141     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11142   ),
11143   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11144 );
11145 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
11146   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11147   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
11148   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
11149   int(*xFilter)(
11150     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11151     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11152   ),
11153   int(*xConflict)(
11154     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11155     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11156     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11157   ),
11158   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11159   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
11160   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
11161 );
11162 
11163 /*
11164 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_apply_v2
11165 **
11166 ** The following flags may passed via the 9th parameter to
11167 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm]:
11168 **
11169 ** <dl>
11170 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT <dd>
11171 **   Usually, the sessions module encloses all operations performed by
11172 **   a single call to apply_v2() or apply_v2_strm() in a [SAVEPOINT]. The
11173 **   SAVEPOINT is committed if the changeset or patchset is successfully
11174 **   applied, or rolled back if an error occurs. Specifying this flag
11175 **   causes the sessions module to omit this savepoint. In this case, if the
11176 **   caller has an open transaction or savepoint when apply_v2() is called,
11177 **   it may revert the partially applied changeset by rolling it back.
11178 **
11179 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
11180 **   Invert the changeset before applying it. This is equivalent to inverting
11181 **   a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it. It is
11182 **   an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
11183 */
11184 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
11185 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002
11186 
11187 /*
11188 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
11189 **
11190 ** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
11191 **
11192 ** <dl>
11193 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
11194 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
11195 **   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
11196 **   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
11197 **   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
11198 **   expected "before" values.
11199 **
11200 **   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
11201 **   primary key.
11202 **
11203 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
11204 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
11205 **   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
11206 **   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
11207 **
11208 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11209 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11210 **
11211 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
11212 **   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
11213 **   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
11214 **   in duplicate primary key values.
11215 **
11216 **   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
11217 **   primary key.
11218 **
11219 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
11220 **   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
11221 **   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
11222 **   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
11223 **   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
11224 **   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
11225 **   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
11226 **   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
11227 **
11228 **   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
11229 **   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
11230 **   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
11231 **
11232 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
11233 **   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
11234 **   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
11235 **   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
11236 **
11237 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
11238 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
11239 **
11240 ** </dl>
11241 */
11242 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
11243 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
11244 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
11245 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
11246 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
11247 
11248 /*
11249 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
11250 **
11251 ** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
11252 **
11253 ** <dl>
11254 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
11255 **   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
11256 **   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
11257 **   continues to the next change in the changeset.
11258 **
11259 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
11260 **   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
11261 **   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
11262 **   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
11263 **   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
11264 **
11265 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
11266 **   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
11267 **   on the type of change.
11268 **
11269 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
11270 **   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
11271 **   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
11272 **   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
11273 **
11274 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
11275 **   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
11276 **   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
11277 ** </dl>
11278 */
11279 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
11280 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
11281 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
11282 
11283 /*
11284 ** CAPI3REF: Rebasing changesets
11285 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11286 **
11287 ** Suppose there is a site hosting a database in state S0. And that
11288 ** modifications are made that move that database to state S1 and a
11289 ** changeset recorded (the "local" changeset). Then, a changeset based
11290 ** on S0 is received from another site (the "remote" changeset) and
11291 ** applied to the database. The database is then in state
11292 ** (S1+"remote"), where the exact state depends on any conflict
11293 ** resolution decisions (OMIT or REPLACE) made while applying "remote".
11294 ** Rebasing a changeset is to update it to take those conflict
11295 ** resolution decisions into account, so that the same conflicts
11296 ** do not have to be resolved elsewhere in the network.
11297 **
11298 ** For example, if both the local and remote changesets contain an
11299 ** INSERT of the same key on "CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b)":
11300 **
11301 **   local:  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v1');
11302 **   remote: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v2');
11303 **
11304 ** and the conflict resolution is REPLACE, then the INSERT change is
11305 ** removed from the local changeset (it was overridden). Or, if the
11306 ** conflict resolution was "OMIT", then the local changeset is modified
11307 ** to instead contain:
11308 **
11309 **           UPDATE t1 SET b = 'v2' WHERE a=1;
11310 **
11311 ** Changes within the local changeset are rebased as follows:
11312 **
11313 ** <dl>
11314 ** <dt>Local INSERT<dd>
11315 **   This may only conflict with a remote INSERT. If the conflict
11316 **   resolution was OMIT, then add an UPDATE change to the rebased
11317 **   changeset. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE, add
11318 **   nothing to the rebased changeset.
11319 **
11320 ** <dt>Local DELETE<dd>
11321 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. In both cases the
11322 **   only possible resolution is OMIT. If the remote operation was a
11323 **   DELETE, then add no change to the rebased changeset. If the remote
11324 **   operation was an UPDATE, then the old.* fields of change are updated
11325 **   to reflect the new.* values in the UPDATE.
11326 **
11327 ** <dt>Local UPDATE<dd>
11328 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. If it conflicts
11329 **   with a DELETE, and the conflict resolution was OMIT, then the update
11330 **   is changed into an INSERT. Any undefined values in the new.* record
11331 **   from the update change are filled in using the old.* values from
11332 **   the conflicting DELETE. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE,
11333 **   the UPDATE change is simply omitted from the rebased changeset.
11334 **
11335 **   If conflict is with a remote UPDATE and the resolution is OMIT, then
11336 **   the old.* values are rebased using the new.* values in the remote
11337 **   change. Or, if the resolution is REPLACE, then the change is copied
11338 **   into the rebased changeset with updates to columns also updated by
11339 **   the conflicting remote UPDATE removed. If this means no columns would
11340 **   be updated, the change is omitted.
11341 ** </dl>
11342 **
11343 ** A local change may be rebased against multiple remote changes
11344 ** simultaneously. If a single key is modified by multiple remote
11345 ** changesets, they are combined as follows before the local changeset
11346 ** is rebased:
11347 **
11348 ** <ul>
11349 **    <li> If there has been one or more REPLACE resolutions on a
11350 **         key, it is rebased according to a REPLACE.
11351 **
11352 **    <li> If there have been no REPLACE resolutions on a key, then
11353 **         the local changeset is rebased according to the most recent
11354 **         of the OMIT resolutions.
11355 ** </ul>
11356 **
11357 ** Note that conflict resolutions from multiple remote changesets are
11358 ** combined on a per-field basis, not per-row. This means that in the
11359 ** case of multiple remote UPDATE operations, some fields of a single
11360 ** local change may be rebased for REPLACE while others are rebased for
11361 ** OMIT.
11362 **
11363 ** In order to rebase a local changeset, the remote changeset must first
11364 ** be applied to the local database using sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and
11365 ** the buffer of rebase information captured. Then:
11366 **
11367 ** <ol>
11368 **   <li> An sqlite3_rebaser object is created by calling
11369 **        sqlite3rebaser_create().
11370 **   <li> The new object is configured with the rebase buffer obtained from
11371 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() by calling sqlite3rebaser_configure().
11372 **        If the local changeset is to be rebased against multiple remote
11373 **        changesets, then sqlite3rebaser_configure() should be called
11374 **        multiple times, in the same order that the multiple
11375 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() calls were made.
11376 **   <li> Each local changeset is rebased by calling sqlite3rebaser_rebase().
11377 **   <li> The sqlite3_rebaser object is deleted by calling
11378 **        sqlite3rebaser_delete().
11379 ** </ol>
11380 */
11381 typedef struct sqlite3_rebaser sqlite3_rebaser;
11382 
11383 /*
11384 ** CAPI3REF: Create a changeset rebaser object.
11385 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11386 **
11387 ** Allocate a new changeset rebaser object. If successful, set (*ppNew) to
11388 ** point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, if an error
11389 ** occurs, return an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) and set (*ppNew)
11390 ** to NULL.
11391 */
11392 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_create(sqlite3_rebaser **ppNew);
11393 
11394 /*
11395 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a changeset rebaser object.
11396 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11397 **
11398 ** Configure the changeset rebaser object to rebase changesets according
11399 ** to the conflict resolutions described by buffer pRebase (size nRebase
11400 ** bytes), which must have been obtained from a previous call to
11401 ** sqlite3changeset_apply_v2().
11402 */
11403 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_configure(
11404   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11405   int nRebase, const void *pRebase
11406 );
11407 
11408 /*
11409 ** CAPI3REF: Rebase a changeset
11410 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11411 **
11412 ** Argument pIn must point to a buffer containing a changeset nIn bytes
11413 ** in size. This function allocates and populates a buffer with a copy
11414 ** of the changeset rebased according to the configuration of the
11415 ** rebaser object passed as the first argument. If successful, (*ppOut)
11416 ** is set to point to the new buffer containing the rebased changeset and
11417 ** (*pnOut) to its size in bytes and SQLITE_OK returned. It is the
11418 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the new buffer using
11419 ** sqlite3_free(). Otherwise, if an error occurs, (*ppOut) and (*pnOut)
11420 ** are set to zero and an SQLite error code returned.
11421 */
11422 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase(
11423   sqlite3_rebaser*,
11424   int nIn, const void *pIn,
11425   int *pnOut, void **ppOut
11426 );
11427 
11428 /*
11429 ** CAPI3REF: Delete a changeset rebaser object.
11430 ** EXPERIMENTAL
11431 **
11432 ** Delete the changeset rebaser object and all associated resources. There
11433 ** should be one call to this function for each successful invocation
11434 ** of sqlite3rebaser_create().
11435 */
11436 SQLITE_API void sqlite3rebaser_delete(sqlite3_rebaser *p);
11437 
11438 /*
11439 ** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
11440 **
11441 ** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
11442 ** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
11443 **
11444 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
11445 **   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
11446 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
11447 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm_v2<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply_v2]
11448 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
11449 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
11450 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
11451 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
11452 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
11453 ** </table>
11454 **
11455 ** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
11456 ** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
11457 ** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
11458 ** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
11459 ** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
11460 ** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
11461 ** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
11462 **
11463 ** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
11464 ** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
11465 ** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
11466 ** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
11467 **
11468 **  <pre>
11469 **  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
11470 **  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
11471 **  </pre>
11472 **
11473 ** Is replaced by:
11474 **
11475 **  <pre>
11476 **  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11477 **  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
11478 **  </pre>
11479 **
11480 ** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
11481 ** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
11482 ** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
11483 ** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
11484 ** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
11485 ** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
11486 ** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
11487 ** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
11488 ** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
11489 ** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
11490 **
11491 ** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
11492 ** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
11493 ** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
11494 ** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
11495 ** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
11496 **
11497 ** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
11498 ** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
11499 ** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
11500 ** as:
11501 **
11502 **  <pre>
11503 **  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
11504 **  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
11505 **  </pre>
11506 **
11507 ** Is replaced by:
11508 **
11509 **  <pre>
11510 **  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11511 **  &nbsp;     void *pOut
11512 **  </pre>
11513 **
11514 ** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
11515 ** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
11516 ** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
11517 ** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
11518 ** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
11519 ** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
11520 ** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
11521 ** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
11522 ** of the xOutput error code to the application.
11523 **
11524 ** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
11525 ** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
11526 ** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
11527 */
11528 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
11529   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11530   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11531   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11532   int(*xFilter)(
11533     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11534     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11535   ),
11536   int(*xConflict)(
11537     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11538     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11539     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11540   ),
11541   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11542 );
11543 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm(
11544   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
11545   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
11546   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
11547   int(*xFilter)(
11548     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11549     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11550   ),
11551   int(*xConflict)(
11552     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
11553     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
11554     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
11555   ),
11556   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
11557   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase,
11558   int flags
11559 );
11560 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
11561   int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11562   void *pInA,
11563   int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11564   void *pInB,
11565   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11566   void *pOut
11567 );
11568 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
11569   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11570   void *pIn,
11571   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11572   void *pOut
11573 );
11574 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
11575   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11576   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11577   void *pIn
11578 );
11579 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm(
11580   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
11581   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11582   void *pIn,
11583   int flags
11584 );
11585 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
11586   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11587   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11588   void *pOut
11589 );
11590 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
11591   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11592   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11593   void *pOut
11594 );
11595 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11596     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11597     void *pIn
11598 );
11599 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
11600     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11601     void *pOut
11602 );
11603 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase_strm(
11604   sqlite3_rebaser *pRebaser,
11605   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
11606   void *pIn,
11607   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
11608   void *pOut
11609 );
11610 
11611 /*
11612 ** CAPI3REF: Configure global parameters
11613 **
11614 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is used to make global configuration
11615 ** changes to the sessions module in order to tune it to the specific needs
11616 ** of the application.
11617 **
11618 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is not threadsafe. If it is invoked
11619 ** while any other thread is inside any other sessions method then the
11620 ** results are undefined. Furthermore, if it is invoked after any sessions
11621 ** related objects have been created, the results are also undefined.
11622 **
11623 ** The first argument to the sqlite3session_config() function must be one
11624 ** of the SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_XXX constants defined below. The
11625 ** interpretation of the (void*) value passed as the second parameter and
11626 ** the effect of calling this function depends on the value of the first
11627 ** parameter.
11628 **
11629 ** <dl>
11630 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE<dd>
11631 **    By default, the sessions module streaming interfaces attempt to input
11632 **    and output data in approximately 1 KiB chunks. This operand may be used
11633 **    to set and query the value of this configuration setting. The pointer
11634 **    passed as the second argument must point to a value of type (int).
11635 **    If this value is greater than 0, it is used as the new streaming data
11636 **    chunk size for both input and output. Before returning, the (int) value
11637 **    pointed to by pArg is set to the final value of the streaming interface
11638 **    chunk size.
11639 ** </dl>
11640 **
11641 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
11642 ** otherwise.
11643 */
11644 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_config(int op, void *pArg);
11645 
11646 /*
11647 ** CAPI3REF: Values for sqlite3session_config().
11648 */
11649 #define SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1
11650 
11651 /*
11652 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
11653 */
11654 #ifdef __cplusplus
11655 }
11656 #endif
11657 
11658 #endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
11659 
11660 /******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
11661 /******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
11662 /*
11663 ** 2014 May 31
11664 **
11665 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
11666 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
11667 **
11668 **    May you do good and not evil.
11669 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
11670 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
11671 **
11672 ******************************************************************************
11673 **
11674 ** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
11675 ** FTS5 may be extended with:
11676 **
11677 **     * custom tokenizers, and
11678 **     * custom auxiliary functions.
11679 */
11680 
11681 
11682 #ifndef _FTS5_H
11683 #define _FTS5_H
11684 
11685 
11686 #ifdef __cplusplus
11687 extern "C" {
11688 #endif
11689 
11690 /*************************************************************************
11691 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11692 **
11693 ** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
11694 ** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
11695 */
11696 
11697 typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
11698 typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
11699 typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
11700 
11701 typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
11702   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
11703   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
11704   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
11705   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
11706   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
11707 );
11708 
11709 struct Fts5PhraseIter {
11710   const unsigned char *a;
11711   const unsigned char *b;
11712 };
11713 
11714 /*
11715 ** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
11716 **
11717 ** xUserData(pFts):
11718 **   Return a copy of the context pointer the extension function was
11719 **   registered with.
11720 **
11721 ** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11722 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11723 **   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
11724 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
11725 **   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
11726 **   the FTS5 table.
11727 **
11728 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11729 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11730 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11731 **   returned.
11732 **
11733 ** xColumnCount(pFts):
11734 **   Return the number of columns in the table.
11735 **
11736 ** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
11737 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
11738 **   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
11739 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
11740 **   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
11741 **
11742 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
11743 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
11744 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
11745 **   returned.
11746 **
11747 **   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
11748 **   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
11749 **
11750 ** xColumnText:
11751 **   This function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of the
11752 **   current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
11753 **   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
11754 **   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
11755 **   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
11756 **   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
11757 **
11758 ** xPhraseCount:
11759 **   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
11760 **
11761 ** xPhraseSize:
11762 **   Returns the number of tokens in phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases
11763 **   are numbered starting from zero.
11764 **
11765 ** xInstCount:
11766 **   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
11767 **   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
11768 **   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11769 **
11770 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11771 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11772 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11773 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
11774 **
11775 ** xInst:
11776 **   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
11777 **   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
11778 **   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
11779 **   output by xInstCount().
11780 **
11781 **   Usually, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
11782 **   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
11783 **   first token of the phrase. Returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an error
11784 **   code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
11785 **
11786 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11787 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
11788 **
11789 ** xRowid:
11790 **   Returns the rowid of the current row.
11791 **
11792 ** xTokenize:
11793 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
11794 **
11795 ** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
11796 **   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
11797 **   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
11798 **
11799 **       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
11800 **
11801 **   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
11802 **   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
11803 **   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
11804 **   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
11805 **   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
11806 **   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
11807 **   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
11808 **   the third argument to pUserData.
11809 **
11810 **   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
11811 **   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
11812 **   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
11813 **   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
11814 **
11815 **   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
11816 **   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
11817 **   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
11818 **
11819 **
11820 ** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
11821 **
11822 **   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension function's
11823 **   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
11824 **   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
11825 **   the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
11826 **
11827 **   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
11828 **   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
11829 **   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
11830 **   single auxiliary data context.
11831 **
11832 **   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
11833 **   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
11834 **   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
11835 **   point.
11836 **
11837 **   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
11838 **   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
11839 **
11840 **   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function,
11841 **   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
11842 **   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
11843 **   pointer before returning.
11844 **
11845 **
11846 ** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
11847 **
11848 **   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
11849 **   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
11850 **
11851 **   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
11852 **   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
11853 **   if any, is not invoked.
11854 **
11855 **
11856 ** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
11857 **
11858 **   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
11859 **   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
11860 **
11861 **        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
11862 **
11863 ** xPhraseFirst()
11864 **   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
11865 **   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
11866 **   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
11867 **   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
11868 **   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
11869 **   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
11870 **
11871 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11872 **       int iCol, iOff;
11873 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
11874 **           iCol>=0;
11875 **           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
11876 **       ){
11877 **         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
11878 **       }
11879 **
11880 **   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
11881 **   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
11882 **   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
11883 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
11884 **
11885 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11886 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
11887 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
11888 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
11889 **   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
11890 **
11891 ** xPhraseNext()
11892 **   See xPhraseFirst above.
11893 **
11894 ** xPhraseFirstColumn()
11895 **   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
11896 **   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
11897 **   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
11898 **   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
11899 **   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
11900 **
11901 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
11902 **       int iCol;
11903 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
11904 **           iCol>=0;
11905 **           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
11906 **       ){
11907 **         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
11908 **       }
11909 **
11910 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
11911 **   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
11912 **   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
11913 **   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
11914 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
11915 **
11916 **   The information accessed using this API and its companion
11917 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
11918 **   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
11919 **   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
11920 **   "detail=column" tables.
11921 **
11922 ** xPhraseNextColumn()
11923 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
11924 */
11925 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
11926   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
11927 
11928   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
11929 
11930   int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
11931   int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
11932   int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
11933 
11934   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
11935     const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
11936     void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
11937     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
11938   );
11939 
11940   int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
11941   int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
11942 
11943   int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
11944   int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11945 
11946   sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
11947   int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
11948   int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
11949 
11950   int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
11951     int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
11952   );
11953   int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
11954   void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
11955 
11956   int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
11957   void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
11958 
11959   int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
11960   void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
11961 };
11962 
11963 /*
11964 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
11965 *************************************************************************/
11966 
11967 /*************************************************************************
11968 ** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
11969 **
11970 ** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
11971 ** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
11972 ** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
11973 ** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
11974 ** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
11975 **
11976 ** xCreate:
11977 **   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
11978 **   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
11979 **
11980 **   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
11981 **   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer object
11982 **   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
11983 **   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
11984 **   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
11985 **   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
11986 **   to create the FTS5 table.
11987 **
11988 **   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
11989 **   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
11990 **   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
11991 **   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
11992 **   is undefined.
11993 **
11994 ** xDelete:
11995 **   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
11996 **   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
11997 **   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
11998 **
11999 ** xTokenize:
12000 **   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
12001 **   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
12002 **   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
12003 **   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
12004 **
12005 **   The second argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
12006 **   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
12007 **   four values:
12008 **
12009 **   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
12010 **            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
12011 **            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
12012 **            FTS index.
12013 **
12014 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
12015 **            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
12016 **            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
12017 **
12018 **       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
12019 **            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
12020 **            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
12021 **            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
12022 **
12023 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
12024 **            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
12025 **            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
12026 **            on a columnsize=0 database.
12027 **   </ul>
12028 **
12029 **   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
12030 **   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
12031 **   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
12032 **   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
12033 **   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
12034 **   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
12035 **   which the token is derived within the input.
12036 **
12037 **   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
12038 **   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
12039 **   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
12040 **
12041 **   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
12042 **   order that they occur within the input text.
12043 **
12044 **   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
12045 **   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
12046 **   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
12047 **   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
12048 **   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
12049 **   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
12050 **   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
12051 **
12052 ** SYNONYM SUPPORT
12053 **
12054 **   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
12055 **   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
12056 **   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
12057 **   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
12058 **   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
12059 **   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
12060 **   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
12061 **
12062 **   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
12063 **
12064 **   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, using
12065 **            the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
12066 **            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
12067 **            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
12068 **            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
12069 **            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
12070 **            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
12071 **            as expected.
12072 **
12073 **       <li> By querying the index for all synonyms of each query term
12074 **            separately. In this case, when tokenizing query text, the
12075 **            tokenizer may provide multiple synonyms for a single term
12076 **            within the document. FTS5 then queries the index for each
12077 **            synonym individually. For example, faced with the query:
12078 **
12079 **   <codeblock>
12080 **     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
12081 **
12082 **            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
12083 **            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
12084 **            similar to:
12085 **
12086 **   <codeblock>
12087 **     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
12088 **
12089 **            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
12090 **            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
12091 **            being treated as a single phrase.
12092 **
12093 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
12094 **            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
12095 **            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
12096 **            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
12097 **            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
12098 **            "place".
12099 **
12100 **            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
12101 **            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do so would be
12102 **            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
12103 **            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entries in the
12104 **            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
12105 **   </ol>
12106 **
12107 **   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
12108 **   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
12109 **   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
12110 **   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
12111 **   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
12112 **
12113 **   <codeblock>
12114 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
12115 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
12116 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
12117 **       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
12118 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
12119 **</codeblock>
12120 **
12121 **   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
12122 **   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
12123 **   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
12124 **   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
12125 **   single token.
12126 **
12127 **   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
12128 **   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
12129 **   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
12130 **   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
12131 **   token "first" is substituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
12132 **
12133 **   <codeblock>
12134 **     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
12135 **
12136 **   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
12137 **   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
12138 **
12139 **   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
12140 **   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
12141 **   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
12142 **   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
12143 **   within the database.
12144 **
12145 **   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
12146 **   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
12147 **   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
12148 **   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
12149 **   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
12150 **   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
12151 **   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
12152 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
12153 **
12154 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
12155 **   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (2)) or query
12156 **   text (method (3)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
12157 **   inefficient.
12158 */
12159 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
12160 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
12161 struct fts5_tokenizer {
12162   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
12163   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
12164   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
12165       void *pCtx,
12166       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
12167       const char *pText, int nText,
12168       int (*xToken)(
12169         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
12170         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
12171         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
12172         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
12173         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
12174         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
12175       )
12176   );
12177 };
12178 
12179 /* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
12180 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
12181 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
12182 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
12183 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
12184 
12185 /* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
12186 ** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
12187 #define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
12188 
12189 /*
12190 ** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
12191 *************************************************************************/
12192 
12193 /*************************************************************************
12194 ** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
12195 */
12196 typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
12197 struct fts5_api {
12198   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 2 */
12199 
12200   /* Create a new tokenizer */
12201   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
12202     fts5_api *pApi,
12203     const char *zName,
12204     void *pContext,
12205     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
12206     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12207   );
12208 
12209   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
12210   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
12211     fts5_api *pApi,
12212     const char *zName,
12213     void **ppContext,
12214     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
12215   );
12216 
12217   /* Create a new auxiliary function */
12218   int (*xCreateFunction)(
12219     fts5_api *pApi,
12220     const char *zName,
12221     void *pContext,
12222     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
12223     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
12224   );
12225 };
12226 
12227 /*
12228 ** END OF REGISTRATION API
12229 *************************************************************************/
12230 
12231 #ifdef __cplusplus
12232 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
12233 #endif
12234 
12235 #endif /* _FTS5_H */
12236 
12237 /******** End of fts5.h *********/
12238