xref: /freebsd/contrib/sqlite3/sqlite3.h (revision 97f7b21dd52542421bc883e336e35af078af47fe)
1 /*
2 ** 2001-09-15
3 **
4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6 **
7 **    May you do good and not evil.
8 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10 **
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
13 ** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
14 ** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
15 ** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
16 ** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
17 **
18 ** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
19 ** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
20 ** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes
21 ** to experimental interfaces but reserve the right to make minor changes
22 ** if experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
23 **
24 ** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
25 ** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
26 ** on how SQLite interfaces are supposed to operate.
27 **
28 ** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
29 ** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
30 ** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
31 ** part of the build process.
32 */
33 #ifndef SQLITE3_H
34 #define SQLITE3_H
35 #include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
36 
37 /*
38 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
39 */
40 #ifdef __cplusplus
41 extern "C" {
42 #endif
43 
44 
45 /*
46 ** Facilitate override of interface linkage and calling conventions.
47 ** Be aware that these macros may not be used within this particular
48 ** translation of the amalgamation and its associated header file.
49 **
50 ** The SQLITE_EXTERN and SQLITE_API macros are used to instruct the
51 ** compiler that the target identifier should have external linkage.
52 **
53 ** The SQLITE_CDECL macro is used to set the calling convention for
54 ** public functions that accept a variable number of arguments.
55 **
56 ** The SQLITE_APICALL macro is used to set the calling convention for
57 ** public functions that accept a fixed number of arguments.
58 **
59 ** The SQLITE_STDCALL macro is no longer used and is now deprecated.
60 **
61 ** The SQLITE_CALLBACK macro is used to set the calling convention for
62 ** function pointers.
63 **
64 ** The SQLITE_SYSAPI macro is used to set the calling convention for
65 ** functions provided by the operating system.
66 **
67 ** Currently, the SQLITE_CDECL, SQLITE_APICALL, SQLITE_CALLBACK, and
68 ** SQLITE_SYSAPI macros are used only when building for environments
69 ** that require non-default calling conventions.
70 */
71 #ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
72 # define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
73 #endif
74 #ifndef SQLITE_API
75 # define SQLITE_API
76 #endif
77 #ifndef SQLITE_CDECL
78 # define SQLITE_CDECL
79 #endif
80 #ifndef SQLITE_APICALL
81 # define SQLITE_APICALL
82 #endif
83 #ifndef SQLITE_STDCALL
84 # define SQLITE_STDCALL SQLITE_APICALL
85 #endif
86 #ifndef SQLITE_CALLBACK
87 # define SQLITE_CALLBACK
88 #endif
89 #ifndef SQLITE_SYSAPI
90 # define SQLITE_SYSAPI
91 #endif
92 
93 /*
94 ** These no-op macros are used in front of interfaces to mark those
95 ** interfaces as either deprecated or experimental.  New applications
96 ** should not use deprecated interfaces - they are supported for backwards
97 ** compatibility only.  Application writers should be aware that
98 ** experimental interfaces are subject to change in point releases.
99 **
100 ** These macros used to resolve to various kinds of compiler magic that
101 ** would generate warning messages when they were used.  But that
102 ** compiler magic ended up generating such a flurry of bug reports
103 ** that we have taken it all out and gone back to using simple
104 ** noop macros.
105 */
106 #define SQLITE_DEPRECATED
107 #define SQLITE_EXPERIMENTAL
108 
109 /*
110 ** Ensure these symbols were not defined by some previous header file.
111 */
112 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
113 # undef SQLITE_VERSION
114 #endif
115 #ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
116 # undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
117 #endif
118 
119 /*
120 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers
121 **
122 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION] C preprocessor macro in the sqlite3.h header
123 ** evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version in the
124 ** format "X.Y.Z" where X is the major version number (always 3 for
125 ** SQLite3) and Y is the minor version number and Z is the release number.)^
126 ** ^(The [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] C preprocessor macro resolves to an integer
127 ** with the value (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and Z are the same
128 ** numbers used in [SQLITE_VERSION].)^
129 ** The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER for any given release of SQLite will also
130 ** be larger than the release from which it is derived.  Either Y will
131 ** be held constant and Z will be incremented or else Y will be incremented
132 ** and Z will be reset to zero.
133 **
134 ** Since [version 3.6.18] ([dateof:3.6.18]),
135 ** SQLite source code has been stored in the
136 ** <a href="http://fossil-scm.org/">Fossil configuration management
137 ** system</a>.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID macro evaluates to
138 ** a string which identifies a particular check-in of SQLite
139 ** within its configuration management system.  ^The SQLITE_SOURCE_ID
140 ** string contains the date and time of the check-in (UTC) and a SHA1
141 ** or SHA3-256 hash of the entire source tree.  If the source code has
142 ** been edited in any way since it was last checked in, then the last
143 ** four hexadecimal digits of the hash may be modified.
144 **
145 ** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()],
146 ** [sqlite3_libversion_number()], [sqlite3_sourceid()],
147 ** [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
148 */
149 #define SQLITE_VERSION        "3.53.1"
150 #define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER 3053001
151 #define SQLITE_SOURCE_ID      "2026-05-05 10:34:17 c88b22011a54b4f6fbd149e9f8e4de77658ce58143a1af0e3785e4e6475127e9"
152 #define SQLITE_SCM_BRANCH     "branch-3.53"
153 #define SQLITE_SCM_TAGS       "release version-3.53.1"
154 #define SQLITE_SCM_DATETIME   "2026-05-05T10:34:17.344Z"
155 
156 /*
157 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers
158 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version sqlite3_sourceid
159 **
160 ** These interfaces provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION],
161 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER], and [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macros
162 ** but are associated with the library instead of the header file.  ^(Cautious
163 ** programmers might include assert() statements in their application to
164 ** verify that values returned by these interfaces match the macros in
165 ** the header, and thus ensure that the application is
166 ** compiled with matching library and header files.
167 **
168 ** <blockquote><pre>
169 ** assert( sqlite3_libversion_number()==SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER );
170 ** assert( strncmp(sqlite3_sourceid(),SQLITE_SOURCE_ID,80)==0 );
171 ** assert( strcmp(sqlite3_libversion(),SQLITE_VERSION)==0 );
172 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
173 **
174 ** ^The sqlite3_version[] string constant contains the text of the
175 ** [SQLITE_VERSION] macro.  ^The sqlite3_libversion() function returns a
176 ** pointer to the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The sqlite3_libversion()
177 ** function is provided for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have
178 ** direct access to string constants within the DLL.  ^The
179 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() function returns an integer equal to
180 ** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].  ^(The sqlite3_sourceid() function returns
181 ** a pointer to a string constant whose value is the same as the
182 ** [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID] C preprocessor macro.  Except if SQLite is built
183 ** using an edited copy of [the amalgamation], then the last four characters
184 ** of the hash might be different from [SQLITE_SOURCE_ID].)^
185 **
186 ** See also: [sqlite_version()] and [sqlite_source_id()].
187 */
188 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
189 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
190 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sourceid(void);
191 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
192 
193 /*
194 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Compilation Options Diagnostics
195 **
196 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_used() function returns 0 or 1
197 ** indicating whether the specified option was defined at
198 ** compile time.  ^The SQLITE_ prefix may be omitted from the
199 ** option name passed to sqlite3_compileoption_used().
200 **
201 ** ^The sqlite3_compileoption_get() function allows iterating
202 ** over the list of options that were defined at compile time by
203 ** returning the N-th compile time option string.  ^If N is out of range,
204 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get() returns a NULL pointer.  ^The SQLITE_
205 ** prefix is omitted from any strings returned by
206 ** sqlite3_compileoption_get().
207 **
208 ** ^Support for the diagnostic functions sqlite3_compileoption_used()
209 ** and sqlite3_compileoption_get() may be omitted by specifying the
210 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS] option at compile time.
211 **
212 ** See also: SQL functions [sqlite_compileoption_used()] and
213 ** [sqlite_compileoption_get()] and the [compile_options pragma].
214 */
215 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPILEOPTION_DIAGS
216 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_compileoption_used(const char *zOptName);
217 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_compileoption_get(int N);
218 #else
219 # define sqlite3_compileoption_used(X) 0
220 # define sqlite3_compileoption_get(X)  ((void*)0)
221 #endif
222 
223 /*
224 ** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe
225 **
226 ** ^The sqlite3_threadsafe() function returns zero if and only if
227 ** SQLite was compiled with mutexing code omitted due to the
228 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] compile-time option being set to 0.
229 **
230 ** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
231 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] C preprocessor macro is 1 or 2, mutexes
232 ** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When the
233 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro is 0,
234 ** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
235 ** to use SQLite concurrently from more than one thread.
236 **
237 ** Enabling mutexes incurs a measurable performance penalty.
238 ** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
239 ** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
240 ** ^The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
241 **
242 ** This interface can be used by an application to make sure that the
243 ** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
244 ** the desired setting of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] macro.
245 **
246 ** This interface only reports on the compile-time mutex setting
247 ** of the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE] flag.  If SQLite is compiled with
248 ** SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1 or =2 then mutexes are enabled by default but
249 ** can be fully or partially disabled using a call to [sqlite3_config()]
250 ** with the verbs [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD], [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD],
251 ** or [SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED].  ^(The return value of the
252 ** sqlite3_threadsafe() function shows only the compile-time setting of
253 ** thread safety, not any run-time changes to that setting made by
254 ** sqlite3_config(). In other words, the return value from sqlite3_threadsafe()
255 ** is unchanged by calls to sqlite3_config().)^
256 **
257 ** See the [threading mode] documentation for additional information.
258 */
259 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
260 
261 /*
262 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle
263 ** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
264 **
265 ** Each open SQLite database is represented by a pointer to an instance of
266 ** the opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
267 ** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
268 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors, and [sqlite3_close()]
269 ** and [sqlite3_close_v2()] are its destructors.  There are many other
270 ** interfaces (such as
271 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
272 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on an
273 ** sqlite3 object.
274 */
275 typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
276 
277 /*
278 ** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types
279 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
280 **
281 ** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
282 ** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
283 **
284 ** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type definitions.
285 ** The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are supported for backwards
286 ** compatibility only.
287 **
288 ** ^The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite_int64 types can store integer values
289 ** between -9223372036854775808 and +9223372036854775807 inclusive.  ^The
290 ** sqlite3_uint64 and sqlite_uint64 types can store integer values
291 ** between 0 and +18446744073709551615 inclusive.
292 */
293 #ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
294   typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
295 # ifdef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE
296     typedef SQLITE_UINT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
297 # else
298     typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
299 # endif
300 #elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
301   typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
302   typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
303 #else
304   typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
305   typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
306 #endif
307 typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
308 typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
309 
310 /*
311 ** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
312 ** substitute integer for floating-point.
313 */
314 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
315 # define double sqlite3_int64
316 #endif
317 
318 /*
319 ** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection
320 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3
321 **
322 ** ^The sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() routines are destructors
323 ** for the [sqlite3] object.
324 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_close() and sqlite3_close_v2() return [SQLITE_OK] if
325 ** the [sqlite3] object is successfully destroyed and all associated
326 ** resources are deallocated.
327 **
328 ** Ideally, applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
329 ** [prepared statements], [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [BLOB handles], and
330 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish | finish] all [sqlite3_backup] objects associated
331 ** with the [sqlite3] object prior to attempting to close the object.
332 ** ^If the database connection is associated with unfinalized prepared
333 ** statements, BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backup objects then
334 ** sqlite3_close() will leave the database connection open and return
335 ** [SQLITE_BUSY]. ^If sqlite3_close_v2() is called with unfinalized prepared
336 ** statements, unclosed BLOB handlers, and/or unfinished sqlite3_backups,
337 ** it returns [SQLITE_OK] regardless, but instead of deallocating the database
338 ** connection immediately, it marks the database connection as an unusable
339 ** "zombie" and makes arrangements to automatically deallocate the database
340 ** connection after all prepared statements are finalized, all BLOB handles
341 ** are closed, and all backups have finished. The sqlite3_close_v2() interface
342 ** is intended for use with host languages that are garbage collected, and
343 ** where the order in which destructors are called is arbitrary.
344 **
345 ** ^If an [sqlite3] object is destroyed while a transaction is open,
346 ** the transaction is automatically rolled back.
347 **
348 ** The C parameter to [sqlite3_close(C)] and [sqlite3_close_v2(C)]
349 ** must be either a NULL
350 ** pointer or an [sqlite3] object pointer obtained
351 ** from [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or
352 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()], and not previously closed.
353 ** ^Calling sqlite3_close() or sqlite3_close_v2() with a NULL pointer
354 ** argument is a harmless no-op.
355 */
356 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close(sqlite3*);
357 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_close_v2(sqlite3*);
358 
359 /*
360 ** The type for a callback function.
361 ** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
362 ** compatibility and is not documented.
363 */
364 typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
365 
366 /*
367 ** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface
368 ** METHOD: sqlite3
369 **
370 ** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenience wrapper around
371 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()],
372 ** that allows an application to run multiple statements of SQL
373 ** without having to use a lot of C code.
374 **
375 ** ^The sqlite3_exec() interface runs zero or more UTF-8 encoded,
376 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements passed into its 2nd argument,
377 ** in the context of the [database connection] passed in as its 1st
378 ** argument.  ^If the callback function of the 3rd argument to
379 ** sqlite3_exec() is not NULL, then it is invoked for each result row
380 ** coming out of the evaluated SQL statements.  ^The 4th argument to
381 ** sqlite3_exec() is relayed through to the 1st argument of each
382 ** callback invocation.  ^If the callback pointer to sqlite3_exec()
383 ** is NULL, then no callback is ever invoked and result rows are
384 ** ignored.
385 **
386 ** ^If an error occurs while evaluating the SQL statements passed into
387 ** sqlite3_exec(), then execution of the current statement stops and
388 ** subsequent statements are skipped.  ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec()
389 ** is not NULL then any error message is written into memory obtained
390 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] and passed back through the 5th parameter.
391 ** To avoid memory leaks, the application should invoke [sqlite3_free()]
392 ** on error message strings returned through the 5th parameter of
393 ** sqlite3_exec() after the error message string is no longer needed.
394 ** ^If the 5th parameter to sqlite3_exec() is not NULL and no errors
395 ** occur, then sqlite3_exec() sets the pointer in its 5th parameter to
396 ** NULL before returning.
397 **
398 ** ^If an sqlite3_exec() callback returns non-zero, the sqlite3_exec()
399 ** routine returns SQLITE_ABORT without invoking the callback again and
400 ** without running any subsequent SQL statements.
401 **
402 ** ^The 2nd argument to the sqlite3_exec() callback function is the
403 ** number of columns in the result.  ^The 3rd argument to the sqlite3_exec()
404 ** callback is an array of pointers to strings obtained as if from
405 ** [sqlite3_column_text()], one for each column.  ^If an element of a
406 ** result row is NULL then the corresponding string pointer for the
407 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is a NULL pointer.  ^The 4th argument to the
408 ** sqlite3_exec() callback is an array of pointers to strings where each
409 ** entry represents the name of a corresponding result column as obtained
410 ** from [sqlite3_column_name()].
411 **
412 ** ^If the 2nd parameter to sqlite3_exec() is a NULL pointer, a pointer
413 ** to an empty string, or a pointer that contains only whitespace and/or
414 ** SQL comments, then no SQL statements are evaluated and the database
415 ** is not changed.
416 **
417 ** Restrictions:
418 **
419 ** <ul>
420 ** <li> The application must ensure that the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec()
421 **      is a valid and open [database connection].
422 ** <li> The application must not close the [database connection] specified by
423 **      the 1st parameter to sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
424 ** <li> The application must not modify the SQL statement text passed into
425 **      the 2nd parameter of sqlite3_exec() while sqlite3_exec() is running.
426 ** <li> The application must not dereference the arrays or string pointers
427 **       passed as the 3rd and 4th callback parameters after it returns.
428 ** </ul>
429 */
430 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_exec(
431   sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
432   const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluated */
433   int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
434   void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
435   char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
436 );
437 
438 /*
439 ** CAPI3REF: Result Codes
440 ** KEYWORDS: {result code definitions}
441 **
442 ** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
443 ** here in order to indicate success or failure.
444 **
445 ** New error codes may be added in future versions of SQLite.
446 **
447 ** See also: [extended result code definitions]
448 */
449 #define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
450 /* beginning-of-error-codes */
451 #define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* Generic error */
452 #define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
453 #define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
454 #define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
455 #define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
456 #define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
457 #define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
458 #define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
459 #define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
460 #define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
461 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
462 #define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* Unknown opcode in sqlite3_file_control() */
463 #define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
464 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
465 #define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* Database lock protocol error */
466 #define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Internal use only */
467 #define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
468 #define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
469 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
470 #define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
471 #define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
472 #define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
473 #define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
474 #define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Not used */
475 #define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
476 #define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
477 #define SQLITE_NOTICE      27   /* Notifications from sqlite3_log() */
478 #define SQLITE_WARNING     28   /* Warnings from sqlite3_log() */
479 #define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
480 #define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
481 /* end-of-error-codes */
482 
483 /*
484 ** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes
485 ** KEYWORDS: {extended result code definitions}
486 **
487 ** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 30 integer
488 ** [result codes].  However, experience has shown that many of
489 ** these result codes are too coarse-grained.  They do not provide as
490 ** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
491 ** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 [dateof:3.3.8]
492 ** and later) include
493 ** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
494 ** about errors. These [extended result codes] are enabled or disabled
495 ** on a per database connection basis using the
496 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()] API.  Or, the extended code for
497 ** the most recent error can be obtained using
498 ** [sqlite3_extended_errcode()].
499 */
500 #define SQLITE_ERROR_MISSING_COLLSEQ   (SQLITE_ERROR | (1<<8))
501 #define SQLITE_ERROR_RETRY             (SQLITE_ERROR | (2<<8))
502 #define SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT          (SQLITE_ERROR | (3<<8))
503 #define SQLITE_ERROR_RESERVESIZE       (SQLITE_ERROR | (4<<8))
504 #define SQLITE_ERROR_KEY               (SQLITE_ERROR | (5<<8))
505 #define SQLITE_ERROR_UNABLE            (SQLITE_ERROR | (6<<8))
506 #define SQLITE_IOERR_READ              (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
507 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ        (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
508 #define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
509 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
510 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
511 #define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE          (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
512 #define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT             (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
513 #define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
514 #define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK            (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
515 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE            (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
516 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED           (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
517 #define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM             (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
518 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS            (SQLITE_IOERR | (13<<8))
519 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CHECKRESERVEDLOCK (SQLITE_IOERR | (14<<8))
520 #define SQLITE_IOERR_LOCK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (15<<8))
521 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CLOSE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (16<<8))
522 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_CLOSE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (17<<8))
523 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMOPEN           (SQLITE_IOERR | (18<<8))
524 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMSIZE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (19<<8))
525 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMLOCK           (SQLITE_IOERR | (20<<8))
526 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SHMMAP            (SQLITE_IOERR | (21<<8))
527 #define SQLITE_IOERR_SEEK              (SQLITE_IOERR | (22<<8))
528 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE_NOENT      (SQLITE_IOERR | (23<<8))
529 #define SQLITE_IOERR_MMAP              (SQLITE_IOERR | (24<<8))
530 #define SQLITE_IOERR_GETTEMPPATH       (SQLITE_IOERR | (25<<8))
531 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CONVPATH          (SQLITE_IOERR | (26<<8))
532 #define SQLITE_IOERR_VNODE             (SQLITE_IOERR | (27<<8))
533 #define SQLITE_IOERR_AUTH              (SQLITE_IOERR | (28<<8))
534 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BEGIN_ATOMIC      (SQLITE_IOERR | (29<<8))
535 #define SQLITE_IOERR_COMMIT_ATOMIC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (30<<8))
536 #define SQLITE_IOERR_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC   (SQLITE_IOERR | (31<<8))
537 #define SQLITE_IOERR_DATA              (SQLITE_IOERR | (32<<8))
538 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CORRUPTFS         (SQLITE_IOERR | (33<<8))
539 #define SQLITE_IOERR_IN_PAGE           (SQLITE_IOERR | (34<<8))
540 #define SQLITE_IOERR_BADKEY            (SQLITE_IOERR | (35<<8))
541 #define SQLITE_IOERR_CODEC             (SQLITE_IOERR | (36<<8))
542 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE      (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (1<<8))
543 #define SQLITE_LOCKED_VTAB             (SQLITE_LOCKED |  (2<<8))
544 #define SQLITE_BUSY_RECOVERY           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (1<<8))
545 #define SQLITE_BUSY_SNAPSHOT           (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (2<<8))
546 #define SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT            (SQLITE_BUSY   |  (3<<8))
547 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_NOTEMPDIR      (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (1<<8))
548 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_ISDIR          (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (2<<8))
549 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_FULLPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (3<<8))
550 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_CONVPATH       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (4<<8))
551 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_DIRTYWAL       (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (5<<8)) /* Not Used */
552 #define SQLITE_CANTOPEN_SYMLINK        (SQLITE_CANTOPEN | (6<<8))
553 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_VTAB            (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (1<<8))
554 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_SEQUENCE        (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (2<<8))
555 #define SQLITE_CORRUPT_INDEX           (SQLITE_CORRUPT | (3<<8))
556 #define SQLITE_READONLY_RECOVERY       (SQLITE_READONLY | (1<<8))
557 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTLOCK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (2<<8))
558 #define SQLITE_READONLY_ROLLBACK       (SQLITE_READONLY | (3<<8))
559 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DBMOVED        (SQLITE_READONLY | (4<<8))
560 #define SQLITE_READONLY_CANTINIT       (SQLITE_READONLY | (5<<8))
561 #define SQLITE_READONLY_DIRECTORY      (SQLITE_READONLY | (6<<8))
562 #define SQLITE_ABORT_ROLLBACK          (SQLITE_ABORT | (2<<8))
563 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_CHECK        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (1<<8))
564 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_COMMITHOOK   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (2<<8))
565 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FOREIGNKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (3<<8))
566 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (4<<8))
567 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_NOTNULL      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (5<<8))
568 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PRIMARYKEY   (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (6<<8))
569 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_TRIGGER      (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (7<<8))
570 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (8<<8))
571 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_VTAB         (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT | (9<<8))
572 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_ROWID        (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(10<<8))
573 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_PINNED       (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(11<<8))
574 #define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT_DATATYPE     (SQLITE_CONSTRAINT |(12<<8))
575 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_WAL      (SQLITE_NOTICE | (1<<8))
576 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RECOVER_ROLLBACK (SQLITE_NOTICE | (2<<8))
577 #define SQLITE_NOTICE_RBU              (SQLITE_NOTICE | (3<<8))
578 #define SQLITE_WARNING_AUTOINDEX       (SQLITE_WARNING | (1<<8))
579 #define SQLITE_AUTH_USER               (SQLITE_AUTH | (1<<8))
580 #define SQLITE_OK_LOAD_PERMANENTLY     (SQLITE_OK | (1<<8))
581 #define SQLITE_OK_SYMLINK              (SQLITE_OK | (2<<8)) /* internal only */
582 
583 /*
584 ** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations
585 **
586 ** These bit values are intended for use in the
587 ** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
588 ** in the 4th parameter to the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method.
589 **
590 ** Only those flags marked as "Ok for sqlite3_open_v2()" may be
591 ** used as the third argument to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface.
592 ** The other flags have historically been ignored by sqlite3_open_v2(),
593 ** though future versions of SQLite might change so that an error is
594 ** raised if any of the disallowed bits are passed into sqlite3_open_v2().
595 ** Applications should not depend on the historical behavior.
596 **
597 ** Note in particular that passing the SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag into
598 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] does *not* cause the underlying database file
599 ** to be opened using O_EXCL.  Passing SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE into
600 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] has historically been a no-op and might become an
601 ** error in future versions of SQLite.
602 */
603 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
604 #define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
605 #define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
606 #define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008  /* VFS only */
607 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010  /* VFS only */
608 #define SQLITE_OPEN_AUTOPROXY        0x00000020  /* VFS only */
609 #define SQLITE_OPEN_URI              0x00000040  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
610 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY           0x00000080  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
611 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100  /* VFS only */
612 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200  /* VFS only */
613 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400  /* VFS only */
614 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800  /* VFS only */
615 #define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000  /* VFS only */
616 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000  /* VFS only */
617 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL    0x00004000  /* VFS only */
618 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX          0x00008000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
619 #define SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX        0x00010000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
620 #define SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE      0x00020000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
621 #define SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE     0x00040000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
622 #define SQLITE_OPEN_WAL              0x00080000  /* VFS only */
623 #define SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW         0x01000000  /* Ok for sqlite3_open_v2() */
624 #define SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE        0x02000000  /* Extended result codes */
625 
626 /* Reserved:                         0x00F00000 */
627 /* Legacy compatibility: */
628 #define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000  /* VFS only */
629 
630 
631 /*
632 ** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics
633 **
634 ** The xDeviceCharacteristics method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
635 ** object returns an integer which is a vector of these
636 ** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
637 ** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
638 ** refers to.
639 **
640 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
641 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
642 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
643 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
644 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
645 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
646 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
647 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
648 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
649 ** to xWrite().  The SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE property means that
650 ** after reboot following a crash or power loss, the only bytes in a
651 ** file that were written at the application level might have changed
652 ** and that adjacent bytes, even bytes within the same sector are
653 ** guaranteed to be unchanged.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN
654 ** flag indicates that a file cannot be deleted when open.  The
655 ** SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE flag indicates that the file is on
656 ** read-only media and cannot be changed even by processes with
657 ** elevated privileges.
658 **
659 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC property means that the underlying
660 ** filesystem supports doing multiple write operations atomically when those
661 ** write operations are bracketed by [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] and
662 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].
663 **
664 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_SUBPAGE_READ property means that it is ok to read
665 ** from the database file in amounts that are not a multiple of the
666 ** page size and that do not begin at a page boundary.  Without this
667 ** property, SQLite is careful to only do full-page reads and write
668 ** on aligned pages, with the one exception that it will do a sub-page
669 ** read of the first page to access the database header.
670 */
671 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC                 0x00000001
672 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512              0x00000002
673 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K               0x00000004
674 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K               0x00000008
675 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K               0x00000010
676 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K               0x00000020
677 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K              0x00000040
678 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K              0x00000080
679 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K              0x00000100
680 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND            0x00000200
681 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL             0x00000400
682 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN  0x00000800
683 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    0x00001000
684 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE              0x00002000
685 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC           0x00004000
686 #define SQLITE_IOCAP_SUBPAGE_READ           0x00008000
687 
688 /*
689 ** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels
690 **
691 ** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
692 ** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
693 ** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.  These values are ordered from
694 ** least restrictive to most restrictive.
695 **
696 ** The argument to xLock() is always SHARED or higher.  The argument to
697 ** xUnlock is either SHARED or NONE.
698 */
699 #define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0       /* xUnlock() only */
700 #define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1       /* xLock() or xUnlock() */
701 #define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2       /* xLock() only */
702 #define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3       /* xLock() only */
703 #define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4       /* xLock() only */
704 
705 /*
706 ** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags
707 **
708 ** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
709 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
710 ** these integer values as the second argument.
711 **
712 ** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
713 ** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
714 ** information need not be flushed. If the lower four bits of the flag
715 ** equal SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL, that means to use normal fsync() semantics.
716 ** If the lower four bits equal SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, that means
717 ** to use Mac OS X style fullsync instead of fsync().
718 **
719 ** Do not confuse the SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags
720 ** with the [PRAGMA synchronous]=NORMAL and [PRAGMA synchronous]=FULL
721 ** settings.  The [synchronous pragma] determines when calls to the
722 ** xSync VFS method occur and applies uniformly across all platforms.
723 ** The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flags determine how
724 ** energetic or rigorous or forceful the sync operations are and
725 ** only make a difference on Mac OSX for the default SQLite code.
726 ** (Third-party VFS implementations might also make the distinction
727 ** between SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL and SQLITE_SYNC_FULL, but among the
728 ** operating systems natively supported by SQLite, only Mac OSX
729 ** cares about the difference.)
730 */
731 #define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
732 #define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
733 #define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
734 
735 /*
736 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle
737 **
738 ** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the
739 ** [sqlite3_vfs | OS interface layer].  Individual OS interface
740 ** implementations will
741 ** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
742 ** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
743 ** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
744 ** I/O operations on the open file.
745 */
746 typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
747 struct sqlite3_file {
748   const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
749 };
750 
751 /*
752 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object
753 **
754 ** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method populates an
755 ** [sqlite3_file] object (or, more commonly, a subclass of the
756 ** [sqlite3_file] object) with a pointer to an instance of this object.
757 ** This object defines the methods used to perform various operations
758 ** against the open file represented by the [sqlite3_file] object.
759 **
760 ** If the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] method sets the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
761 ** to a non-NULL pointer, then the sqlite3_io_methods.xClose method
762 ** may be invoked even if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] reported that it failed.  The
763 ** only way to prevent a call to xClose following a failed [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]
764 ** is for the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen] to set the sqlite3_file.pMethods element
765 ** to NULL.
766 **
767 ** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
768 ** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
769 ** The second choice is a Mac OS X style fullsync.  The [SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY]
770 ** flag may be ORed in to indicate that only the data of the file
771 ** and not its inode needs to be synced.
772 **
773 ** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
774 ** <ul>
775 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
776 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
777 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
778 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
779 ** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
780 ** </ul>
781 ** xLock() upgrades the database file lock.  In other words, xLock() moves the
782 ** database file lock in the direction NONE toward EXCLUSIVE. The argument to
783 ** xLock() is always one of SHARED, RESERVED, PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE, never
784 ** SQLITE_LOCK_NONE.  If the database file lock is already at or above the
785 ** requested lock, then the call to xLock() is a no-op.
786 ** xUnlock() downgrades the database file lock to either SHARED or NONE.
787 ** If the lock is already at or below the requested lock state, then the call
788 ** to xUnlock() is a no-op.
789 ** The xCheckReservedLock() method checks whether any database connection,
790 ** either in this process or in some other process, is holding a RESERVED,
791 ** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns, via its output
792 ** pointer parameter, true if such a lock exists and false otherwise.
793 **
794 ** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
795 ** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
796 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument is an
797 ** integer opcode.  The third argument is a generic pointer intended to
798 ** point to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
799 ** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
800 ** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
801 ** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
802 ** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
803 ** core reserves all opcodes less than 100 for its own use.
804 ** A [file control opcodes | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
805 ** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes
806 ** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.  VFS implementations should
807 ** return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND] for file control opcodes that they do not
808 ** recognize.
809 **
810 ** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
811 ** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
812 ** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
813 ** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
814 ** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
815 ** underlying device:
816 **
817 ** <ul>
818 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
819 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
820 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
821 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
822 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
823 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
824 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
825 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
826 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
827 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
828 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
829 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_UNDELETABLE_WHEN_OPEN]
830 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]
831 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE]
832 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_BATCH_ATOMIC]
833 ** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SUBPAGE_READ]
834 ** </ul>
835 **
836 ** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
837 ** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
838 ** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
839 ** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
840 ** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
841 ** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
842 ** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
843 ** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
844 ** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
845 ** to xWrite().
846 **
847 ** If xRead() returns SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ it must also fill
848 ** in the unread portions of the buffer with zeros.  A VFS that
849 ** fails to zero-fill short reads might seem to work.  However,
850 ** failure to zero-fill short reads will eventually lead to
851 ** database corruption.
852 */
853 typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
854 struct sqlite3_io_methods {
855   int iVersion;
856   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
857   int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
858   int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
859   int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
860   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
861   int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
862   int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
863   int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
864   int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*, int *pResOut);
865   int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
866   int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
867   int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
868   /* Methods above are valid for version 1 */
869   int (*xShmMap)(sqlite3_file*, int iPg, int pgsz, int, void volatile**);
870   int (*xShmLock)(sqlite3_file*, int offset, int n, int flags);
871   void (*xShmBarrier)(sqlite3_file*);
872   int (*xShmUnmap)(sqlite3_file*, int deleteFlag);
873   /* Methods above are valid for version 2 */
874   int (*xFetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, int iAmt, void **pp);
875   int (*xUnfetch)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 iOfst, void *p);
876   /* Methods above are valid for version 3 */
877   /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
878 };
879 
880 /*
881 ** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes
882 ** KEYWORDS: {file control opcodes} {file control opcode}
883 **
884 ** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
885 ** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and for the [sqlite3_file_control()]
886 ** interface.
887 **
888 ** <ul>
889 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]]
890 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
891 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
892 ** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
893 ** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
894 ** into an integer that the pArg argument points to.
895 ** This capability is only available if SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_DEBUG].
896 **
897 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT]]
898 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT] opcode is used by SQLite to give the VFS
899 ** layer a hint of how large the database file will grow to be during the
900 ** current transaction.  This hint is not guaranteed to be accurate but it
901 ** is often close.  The underlying VFS might choose to preallocate database
902 ** file space based on this hint in order to help writes to the database
903 ** file run faster.
904 **
905 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT]]
906 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] opcode is used by in-memory VFS that
907 ** implements [sqlite3_deserialize()] to set an upper bound on the size
908 ** of the in-memory database.  The argument is a pointer to a [sqlite3_int64].
909 ** If the integer pointed to is negative, then it is filled in with the
910 ** current limit.  Otherwise the limit is set to the larger of the value
911 ** of the integer pointed to and the current database size.  The integer
912 ** pointed to is set to the new limit.
913 **
914 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE]]
915 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE] opcode is used to request that the VFS
916 ** extends and truncates the database file in chunks of a size specified
917 ** by the user. The fourth argument to [sqlite3_file_control()] should
918 ** point to an integer (type int) containing the new chunk-size to use
919 ** for the nominated database. Allocating database file space in large
920 ** chunks (say 1MB at a time), may reduce file-system fragmentation and
921 ** improve performance on some systems.
922 **
923 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER]]
924 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
925 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with a particular database
926 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER].
927 **
928 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER]]
929 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] opcode is used to obtain a pointer
930 ** to the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file (either
931 ** the [rollback journal] or the [write-ahead log]) for a particular database
932 ** connection.  See also [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER].
933 **
934 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED]]
935 ** The SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED file-control is no longer used.
936 **
937 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC]]
938 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC] opcode is generated internally by SQLite and
939 ** sent to the VFS immediately before the xSync method is invoked on a
940 ** database file descriptor. Or, if the xSync method is not invoked
941 ** because the user has configured SQLite with
942 ** [PRAGMA synchronous | PRAGMA synchronous=OFF] it is invoked in place
943 ** of the xSync method. In most cases, the pointer argument passed with
944 ** this file-control is NULL. However, if the database file is being synced
945 ** as part of a multi-database commit, the argument points to a nul-terminated
946 ** string containing the transactions super-journal file name. VFSes that
947 ** do not need this signal should silently ignore this opcode. Applications
948 ** should not call [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may
949 ** disrupt the operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
950 **
951 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO]]
952 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO] opcode is generated internally by SQLite
953 ** and sent to the VFS after a transaction has been committed immediately
954 ** but before the database is unlocked. VFSes that do not need this signal
955 ** should silently ignore this opcode. Applications should not call
956 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] with this opcode as doing so may disrupt the
957 ** operation of the specialized VFSes that do require it.
958 **
959 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY]]
960 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY] opcode is used to configure automatic
961 ** retry counts and intervals for certain disk I/O operations for the
962 ** windows [VFS] in order to provide robustness in the presence of
963 ** anti-virus programs.  By default, the windows VFS will retry file read,
964 ** file write, and file delete operations up to 10 times, with a delay
965 ** of 25 milliseconds before the first retry and with the delay increasing
966 ** by an additional 25 milliseconds with each subsequent retry.  This
967 ** opcode allows these two values (10 retries and 25 milliseconds of delay)
968 ** to be adjusted.  The values are changed for all database connections
969 ** within the same process.  The argument is a pointer to an array of two
970 ** integers where the first integer is the new retry count and the second
971 ** integer is the delay.  If either integer is negative, then the setting
972 ** is not changed but instead the prior value of that setting is written
973 ** into the array entry, allowing the current retry settings to be
974 ** interrogated.  The zDbName parameter is ignored.
975 **
976 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL]]
977 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] opcode is used to set or query the
978 ** persistent [WAL | Write Ahead Log] setting.  By default, the auxiliary
979 ** write ahead log ([WAL file]) and shared memory
980 ** files used for transaction control
981 ** are automatically deleted when the latest connection to the database
982 ** closes.  Setting persistent WAL mode causes those files to persist after
983 ** close.  Persisting the files is useful when other processes that do not
984 ** have write permission on the directory containing the database file want
985 ** to read the database file, as the WAL and shared memory files must exist
986 ** in order for the database to be readable.  The fourth parameter to
987 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
988 ** That integer is 0 to disable persistent WAL mode or 1 to enable persistent
989 ** WAL mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
990 ** WAL persistence setting.
991 **
992 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE]]
993 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] opcode is used to set or query the
994 ** persistent "powersafe-overwrite" or "PSOW" setting.  The PSOW setting
995 ** determines the [SQLITE_IOCAP_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE] bit of the
996 ** xDeviceCharacteristics methods. The fourth parameter to
997 ** [sqlite3_file_control()] for this opcode should be a pointer to an integer.
998 ** That integer is 0 to disable zero-damage mode or 1 to enable zero-damage
999 ** mode.  If the integer is -1, then it is overwritten with the current
1000 ** zero-damage mode setting.
1001 **
1002 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE]]
1003 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE] opcode is invoked by SQLite after opening
1004 ** a write transaction to indicate that, unless it is rolled back for some
1005 ** reason, the entire database file will be overwritten by the current
1006 ** transaction. This is used by VACUUM operations.
1007 **
1008 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME]]
1009 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME] opcode can be used to obtain the names of
1010 ** all [VFSes] in the VFS stack.  The names of all VFS shims and the
1011 ** final bottom-level VFS are written into memory obtained from
1012 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] and the result is stored in the char* variable
1013 ** that the fourth parameter of [sqlite3_file_control()] points to.
1014 ** The caller is responsible for freeing the memory when done.  As with
1015 ** all file-control actions, there is no guarantee that this will actually
1016 ** do anything.  Callers should initialize the char* variable to a NULL
1017 ** pointer in case this file-control is not implemented.  This file-control
1018 ** is intended for diagnostic use only.
1019 **
1020 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER]]
1021 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode finds a pointer to the top-level
1022 ** [VFSes] currently in use.  ^(The argument X in
1023 ** sqlite3_file_control(db,SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER,X) must be
1024 ** of type "[sqlite3_vfs] **".  This opcode will set *X
1025 ** to a pointer to the top-level VFS.)^
1026 ** ^When there are multiple VFS shims in the stack, this opcode finds the
1027 ** upper-most shim only.
1028 **
1029 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]]
1030 ** ^Whenever a [PRAGMA] statement is parsed, an [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
1031 ** file control is sent to the open [sqlite3_file] object corresponding
1032 ** to the database file to which the pragma statement refers. ^The argument
1033 ** to the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control is an array of
1034 ** pointers to strings (char**) in which the second element of the array
1035 ** is the name of the pragma and the third element is the argument to the
1036 ** pragma or NULL if the pragma has no argument.  ^The handler for an
1037 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control can optionally make the first element
1038 ** of the char** argument point to a string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()]
1039 ** or the equivalent and that string will become the result of the pragma or
1040 ** the error message if the pragma fails. ^If the
1041 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], then normal
1042 ** [PRAGMA] processing continues.  ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
1043 ** file control returns [SQLITE_OK], then the parser assumes that the
1044 ** VFS has handled the PRAGMA itself and the parser generates a no-op
1045 ** prepared statement if result string is NULL, or that returns a copy
1046 ** of the result string if the string is non-NULL.
1047 ** ^If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA] file control returns
1048 ** any result code other than [SQLITE_OK] or [SQLITE_NOTFOUND], that means
1049 ** that the VFS encountered an error while handling the [PRAGMA] and the
1050 ** compilation of the PRAGMA fails with an error.  ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA]
1051 ** file control occurs at the beginning of pragma statement analysis and so
1052 ** it is able to override built-in [PRAGMA] statements.
1053 **
1054 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]]
1055 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER]
1056 ** file-control may be invoked by SQLite on the database file handle
1057 ** shortly after it is opened in order to provide a custom VFS with access
1058 ** to the connection's busy-handler callback. The argument is of type (void**)
1059 ** - an array of two (void *) values. The first (void *) actually points
1060 ** to a function of type (int (*)(void *)). In order to invoke the connection's
1061 ** busy-handler, this function should be invoked with the second (void *) in
1062 ** the array as the only argument. If it returns non-zero, then the operation
1063 ** should be retried. If it returns zero, the custom VFS should abandon the
1064 ** current operation.
1065 **
1066 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME]]
1067 ** ^Applications can invoke the [SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME] file-control
1068 ** to have SQLite generate a
1069 ** temporary filename using the same algorithm that is followed to generate
1070 ** temporary filenames for TEMP tables and other internal uses.  The
1071 ** argument should be a char** which will be filled with the filename
1072 ** written into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].  The caller should
1073 ** invoke [sqlite3_free()] on the result to avoid a memory leak.
1074 **
1075 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE]]
1076 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control is used to query or set the
1077 ** maximum number of bytes that will be used for memory-mapped I/O.
1078 ** The argument is a pointer to a value of type sqlite3_int64 that
1079 ** is an advisory maximum number of bytes in the file to memory map.  The
1080 ** pointer is overwritten with the old value.  The limit is not changed if
1081 ** the value originally pointed to is negative, and so the current limit
1082 ** can be queried by passing in a pointer to a negative number.  This
1083 ** file-control is used internally to implement [PRAGMA mmap_size].
1084 **
1085 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE]]
1086 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE] file control provides advisory information
1087 ** to the VFS about what the higher layers of the SQLite stack are doing.
1088 ** This file control is used by some VFS activity tracing [shims].
1089 ** The argument is a zero-terminated string.  Higher layers in the
1090 ** SQLite stack may generate instances of this file control if
1091 ** the [SQLITE_USE_FCNTL_TRACE] compile-time option is enabled.
1092 **
1093 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED]]
1094 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED] file control interprets its argument as a
1095 ** pointer to an integer and it writes a boolean into that integer depending
1096 ** on whether or not the file has been renamed, moved, or deleted since it
1097 ** was first opened.
1098 **
1099 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE]]
1100 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE] opcode can be used to obtain the
1101 ** underlying native file handle associated with a file handle.  This file
1102 ** control interprets its argument as a pointer to a native file handle and
1103 ** writes the resulting value there.
1104 **
1105 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE]]
1106 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
1107 ** opcode causes the xFileControl method to swap the file handle with the one
1108 ** pointed to by the pArg argument.  This capability is used during testing
1109 ** and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST is defined.
1110 **
1111 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_NULL_IO]]
1112 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_NULL_IO] opcode sets the low-level file descriptor
1113 ** or file handle for the [sqlite3_file] object such that it will no longer
1114 ** read or write to the database file.
1115 **
1116 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK]]
1117 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK] is a signal to the VFS layer that it might
1118 ** be advantageous to block on the next WAL lock if the lock is not immediately
1119 ** available.  The WAL subsystem issues this signal during rare
1120 ** circumstances in order to fix a problem with priority inversion.
1121 ** Applications should <em>not</em> use this file-control.
1122 **
1123 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS]]
1124 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS] opcode is implemented by zipvfs only. All other
1125 ** VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for this opcode.
1126 **
1127 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU]]
1128 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU] opcode is implemented by the special VFS used by
1129 ** the RBU extension only.  All other VFS should return SQLITE_NOTFOUND for
1130 ** this opcode.
1131 **
1132 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1133 ** If the [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode returns SQLITE_OK, then
1134 ** the file descriptor is placed in "batch write mode", which
1135 ** means all subsequent write operations will be deferred and done
1136 ** atomically at the next [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE].  Systems
1137 ** that do not support batch atomic writes will return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
1138 ** ^Following a successful SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE and prior to
1139 ** the closing [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] or
1140 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE], SQLite will make
1141 ** no VFS interface calls on the same [sqlite3_file] file descriptor
1142 ** except for calls to the xWrite method and the xFileControl method
1143 ** with [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT].
1144 **
1145 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1146 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1147 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1148 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be performed atomically.
1149 ** This file control returns [SQLITE_OK] if and only if the writes were
1150 ** all performed successfully and have been committed to persistent storage.
1151 ** ^Regardless of whether or not it is successful, this file control takes
1152 ** the file descriptor out of batch write mode so that all subsequent
1153 ** write operations are independent.
1154 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1155 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1156 **
1157 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE]]
1158 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE] opcode causes all write
1159 ** operations since the previous successful call to
1160 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE] to be rolled back.
1161 ** ^This file control takes the file descriptor out of batch write mode
1162 ** so that all subsequent write operations are independent.
1163 ** ^SQLite will never invoke SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE without
1164 ** a prior successful call to [SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE].
1165 **
1166 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT]]
1167 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT] opcode is used to configure a VFS
1168 ** to block for up to M milliseconds before failing when attempting to
1169 ** obtain a file lock using the xLock or xShmLock methods of the VFS.
1170 ** The parameter is a pointer to a 32-bit signed integer that contains
1171 ** the value that M is to be set to. Before returning, the 32-bit signed
1172 ** integer is overwritten with the previous value of M.
1173 **
1174 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT]]
1175 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT] opcode is used to configure the
1176 ** VFS to block when taking a SHARED lock to connect to a wal mode database.
1177 ** This is used to implement the functionality associated with
1178 ** SQLITE_SETLK_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT.
1179 **
1180 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION]]
1181 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] opcode is used to detect changes to
1182 ** a database file.  The argument is a pointer to a 32-bit unsigned integer.
1183 ** The "data version" for the pager is written into the pointer.  The
1184 ** "data version" changes whenever any change occurs to the corresponding
1185 ** database file, either through SQL statements on the same database
1186 ** connection or through transactions committed by separate database
1187 ** connections possibly in other processes. The [sqlite3_total_changes()]
1188 ** interface can be used to find if any database on the connection has changed,
1189 ** but that interface responds to changes on TEMP as well as MAIN and does
1190 ** not provide a mechanism to detect changes to MAIN only.  Also, the
1191 ** [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface responds to internal changes only and
1192 ** omits changes made by other database connections.  The
1193 ** [PRAGMA data_version] command provides a mechanism to detect changes to
1194 ** a single attached database that occur due to other database connections,
1195 ** but omits changes implemented by the database connection on which it is
1196 ** called.  This file control is the only mechanism to detect changes that
1197 ** happen either internally or externally and that are associated with
1198 ** a particular attached database.
1199 **
1200 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START]]
1201 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1202 ** in wal mode before the client starts to copy pages from the wal
1203 ** file to the database file.
1204 **
1205 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE]]
1206 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE] opcode is invoked from within a checkpoint
1207 ** in wal mode after the client has finished copying pages from the wal
1208 ** file to the database file, but before the *-shm file is updated to
1209 ** record the fact that the pages have been checkpointed.
1210 **
1211 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER]]
1212 ** The EXPERIMENTAL [SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER] opcode is used to detect
1213 ** whether or not there is a database client in another process with a wal-mode
1214 ** transaction open on the database or not. It is only available on unix. The
1215 ** (void*) argument passed with this file-control should be a pointer to a
1216 ** value of type (int). The integer value is set to 1 if the database is a wal
1217 ** mode database and there exists at least one client in another process that
1218 ** currently has an SQL transaction open on the database. It is set to 0 if
1219 ** the database is not a wal-mode db, or if there is no such connection in any
1220 ** other process. This opcode cannot be used to detect transactions opened
1221 ** by clients within the current process, only within other processes.
1222 **
1223 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE]]
1224 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE] opcode is for use internally by the
1225 ** [checksum VFS shim] only.
1226 **
1227 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE]]
1228 ** If there is currently no transaction open on the database, and the
1229 ** database is not a temp db, then the [SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE] file-control
1230 ** purges the contents of the in-memory page cache. If there is an open
1231 ** transaction, or if the db is a temp-db, this opcode is a no-op, not an error.
1232 **
1233 ** <li>[[SQLITE_FCNTL_FILESTAT]]
1234 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILESTAT] opcode returns low-level diagnostic information
1235 ** about the [sqlite3_file] objects used access the database and journal files
1236 ** for the given schema.  The fourth parameter to [sqlite3_file_control()]
1237 ** should be an initialized [sqlite3_str] pointer.  JSON text describing
1238 ** various aspects of the sqlite3_file object is appended to the sqlite3_str.
1239 ** The SQLITE_FCNTL_FILESTAT opcode is usually a no-op, unless compile-time
1240 ** options are used to enable it.
1241 ** </ul>
1242 */
1243 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE               1
1244 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE       2
1245 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE       3
1246 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO              4
1247 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_HINT               5
1248 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CHUNK_SIZE              6
1249 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER            7
1250 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC_OMITTED            8
1251 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_AV_RETRY          9
1252 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL            10
1253 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_OVERWRITE              11
1254 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFSNAME                12
1255 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_POWERSAFE_OVERWRITE    13
1256 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PRAGMA                 14
1257 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BUSYHANDLER            15
1258 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TEMPFILENAME           16
1259 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE              18
1260 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_TRACE                  19
1261 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_HAS_MOVED              20
1262 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SYNC                   21
1263 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_PHASETWO        22
1264 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_SET_HANDLE       23
1265 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WAL_BLOCK              24
1266 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ZIPVFS                 25
1267 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RBU                    26
1268 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER            27
1269 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER        28
1270 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_WIN32_GET_HANDLE       29
1271 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_PDB                    30
1272 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BEGIN_ATOMIC_WRITE     31
1273 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE    32
1274 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_ROLLBACK_ATOMIC_WRITE  33
1275 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCK_TIMEOUT           34
1276 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION           35
1277 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT             36
1278 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_DONE              37
1279 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESERVE_BYTES          38
1280 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKPT_START             39
1281 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_EXTERNAL_READER        40
1282 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_CKSM_FILE              41
1283 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_RESET_CACHE            42
1284 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_NULL_IO                43
1285 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT       44
1286 #define SQLITE_FCNTL_FILESTAT               45
1287 
1288 /* deprecated names */
1289 #define SQLITE_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_GET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1290 #define SQLITE_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE      SQLITE_FCNTL_SET_LOCKPROXYFILE
1291 #define SQLITE_LAST_ERRNO             SQLITE_FCNTL_LAST_ERRNO
1292 
1293 /* reserved file-control numbers:
1294 **                                         101
1295 **                                         102
1296 **                                         103
1297 */
1298 
1299 
1300 /*
1301 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle
1302 **
1303 ** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
1304 ** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
1305 ** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
1306 ** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
1307 **
1308 ** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
1309 */
1310 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
1311 
1312 /*
1313 ** CAPI3REF: Loadable Extension Thunk
1314 **
1315 ** A pointer to the opaque sqlite3_api_routines structure is passed as
1316 ** the third parameter to entry points of [loadable extensions].  This
1317 ** structure must be typedefed in order to work around compiler warnings
1318 ** on some platforms.
1319 */
1320 typedef struct sqlite3_api_routines sqlite3_api_routines;
1321 
1322 /*
1323 ** CAPI3REF: File Name
1324 **
1325 ** Type [sqlite3_filename] is used by SQLite to pass filenames to the
1326 ** xOpen method of a [VFS]. It may be cast to (const char*) and treated
1327 ** as a normal, nul-terminated, UTF-8 buffer containing the filename, but
1328 ** may also be passed to special APIs such as:
1329 **
1330 ** <ul>
1331 ** <li>  sqlite3_filename_database()
1332 ** <li>  sqlite3_filename_journal()
1333 ** <li>  sqlite3_filename_wal()
1334 ** <li>  sqlite3_uri_parameter()
1335 ** <li>  sqlite3_uri_boolean()
1336 ** <li>  sqlite3_uri_int64()
1337 ** <li>  sqlite3_uri_key()
1338 ** </ul>
1339 */
1340 typedef const char *sqlite3_filename;
1341 
1342 /*
1343 ** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object
1344 **
1345 ** An instance of the sqlite3_vfs object defines the interface between
1346 ** the SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
1347 ** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".  See
1348 ** the [VFS | VFS documentation] for further information.
1349 **
1350 ** The VFS interface is sometimes extended by adding new methods onto
1351 ** the end.  Each time such an extension occurs, the iVersion field
1352 ** is incremented.  The iVersion value started out as 1 in
1353 ** SQLite [version 3.5.0] on [dateof:3.5.0], then increased to 2
1354 ** with SQLite [version 3.7.0] on [dateof:3.7.0], and then increased
1355 ** to 3 with SQLite [version 3.7.6] on [dateof:3.7.6].  Additional fields
1356 ** may be appended to the sqlite3_vfs object and the iVersion value
1357 ** may increase again in future versions of SQLite.
1358 ** Note that due to an oversight, the structure
1359 ** of the sqlite3_vfs object changed in the transition from
1360 ** SQLite [version 3.5.9] to [version 3.6.0] on [dateof:3.6.0]
1361 ** and yet the iVersion field was not increased.
1362 **
1363 ** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
1364 ** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
1365 ** a pathname in this VFS.
1366 **
1367 ** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
1368 ** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
1369 ** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
1370 ** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
1371 ** searches the list.  Neither the application code nor the VFS
1372 ** implementation should use the pNext pointer.
1373 **
1374 ** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs
1375 ** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
1376 ** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
1377 ** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
1378 ** object once the object has been registered.
1379 **
1380 ** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
1381 ** be unique across all VFS modules.
1382 **
1383 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xOpen]]
1384 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the zFilename parameter to xOpen
1385 ** is either a NULL pointer or string obtained
1386 ** from xFullPathname() with an optional suffix added.
1387 ** ^If a suffix is added to the zFilename parameter, it will
1388 ** consist of a single "-" character followed by no more than
1389 ** 11 alphanumeric and/or "-" characters.
1390 ** ^SQLite further guarantees that
1391 ** the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
1392 ** called. Because of the previous sentence,
1393 ** the [sqlite3_file] can safely store a pointer to the
1394 ** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
1395 ** If the zFilename parameter to xOpen is a NULL pointer then xOpen
1396 ** must invent its own temporary name for the file.  ^Whenever the
1397 ** xFilename parameter is NULL it will also be the case that the
1398 ** flags parameter will include [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE].
1399 **
1400 ** The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
1401 ** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
1402 ** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
1403 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
1404 ** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
1405 ** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be set.
1406 **
1407 ** ^(SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
1408 ** call, depending on the object being opened:
1409 **
1410 ** <ul>
1411 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
1412 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
1413 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
1414 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
1415 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
1416 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
1417 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUPER_JOURNAL]
1418 ** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL]
1419 ** </ul>)^
1420 **
1421 ** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
1422 ** change the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
1423 ** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
1424 ** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
1425 ** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return
1426 ** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database
1427 ** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random
1428 ** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
1429 **
1430 ** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen method:
1431 **
1432 ** <ul>
1433 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1434 ** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
1435 ** </ul>
1436 **
1437 ** The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
1438 ** deleted when it is closed.  ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
1439 ** will be set for TEMP databases and their journals, transient
1440 ** databases, and subjournals.
1441 **
1442 ** ^The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag is always used in conjunction
1443 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] flag, which are both directly
1444 ** analogous to the O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags of the POSIX open()
1445 ** API.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag, when paired with the
1446 ** SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE, is used to indicate that file should always
1447 ** be created, and that it is an error if it already exists.
1448 ** It is <i>not</i> used to indicate the file should be opened
1449 ** for exclusive access.
1450 **
1451 ** ^At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite
1452 ** to hold the [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third
1453 ** argument to xOpen.  The xOpen method does not have to
1454 ** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.  Note that
1455 ** the xOpen method must set the sqlite3_file.pMethods to either
1456 ** a valid [sqlite3_io_methods] object or to NULL.  xOpen must do
1457 ** this even if the open fails.  SQLite expects that the sqlite3_file.pMethods
1458 ** element will be valid after xOpen returns regardless of the success
1459 ** or failure of the xOpen call.
1460 **
1461 ** [[sqlite3_vfs.xAccess]]
1462 ** ^The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS]
1463 ** to test for the existence of a file, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to
1464 ** test whether a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
1465 ** to test whether a file is at least readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ
1466 ** flag is never actually used and is not implemented in the built-in
1467 ** VFSes of SQLite.  The file is named by the second argument and can be a
1468 ** directory. The xAccess method returns [SQLITE_OK] on success or some
1469 ** non-zero error code if there is an I/O error or if the name of
1470 ** the file given in the second argument is illegal.  If SQLITE_OK
1471 ** is returned, then non-zero or zero is written into *pResOut to indicate
1472 ** whether or not the file is accessible.
1473 **
1474 ** ^SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for the
1475 ** output buffer xFullPathname.  The exact size of the output buffer
1476 ** is also passed as a parameter to both  methods. If the output buffer
1477 ** is not large enough, [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] should be returned. Since this is
1478 ** handled as a fatal error by SQLite, vfs implementations should endeavor
1479 ** to prevent this by setting mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
1480 **
1481 ** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), xCurrentTime(), and xCurrentTimeInt64()
1482 ** interfaces are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
1483 ** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
1484 ** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
1485 ** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
1486 ** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.
1487 ** The xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
1488 ** least the number of microseconds given.  ^The xCurrentTime()
1489 ** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and time as
1490 ** a floating point value.
1491 ** ^The xCurrentTimeInt64() method returns, as an integer, the Julian
1492 ** Day Number multiplied by 86400000 (the number of milliseconds in
1493 ** a 24-hour day).
1494 ** ^SQLite will use the xCurrentTimeInt64() method to get the current
1495 ** date and time if that method is available (if iVersion is 2 or
1496 ** greater and the function pointer is not NULL) and will fall back
1497 ** to xCurrentTime() if xCurrentTimeInt64() is unavailable.
1498 **
1499 ** ^The xSetSystemCall(), xGetSystemCall(), and xNextSystemCall() interfaces
1500 ** are not used by the SQLite core.  These optional interfaces are provided
1501 ** by some VFSes to facilitate testing of the VFS code. By overriding
1502 ** system calls with functions under its control, a test program can
1503 ** simulate faults and error conditions that would otherwise be difficult
1504 ** or impossible to induce.  The set of system calls that can be overridden
1505 ** varies from one VFS to another, and from one version of the same VFS to the
1506 ** next.  Applications that use these interfaces must be prepared for any
1507 ** or all of these interfaces to be NULL or for their behavior to change
1508 ** from one release to the next.  Applications must not attempt to access
1509 ** any of these methods if the iVersion of the VFS is less than 3.
1510 */
1511 typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
1512 typedef void (*sqlite3_syscall_ptr)(void);
1513 struct sqlite3_vfs {
1514   int iVersion;            /* Structure version number (currently 3) */
1515   int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
1516   int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
1517   sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
1518   const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
1519   void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
1520   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_filename zName, sqlite3_file*,
1521                int flags, int *pOutFlags);
1522   int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
1523   int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags, int *pResOut);
1524   int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
1525   void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
1526   void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
1527   void (*(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol))(void);
1528   void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
1529   int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
1530   int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
1531   int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
1532   int (*xGetLastError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int, char *);
1533   /*
1534   ** The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_vfs object
1535   ** definition.  Those that follow are added in version 2 or later
1536   */
1537   int (*xCurrentTimeInt64)(sqlite3_vfs*, sqlite3_int64*);
1538   /*
1539   ** The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1540   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater.
1541   */
1542   int (*xSetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_syscall_ptr);
1543   sqlite3_syscall_ptr (*xGetSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1544   const char *(*xNextSystemCall)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName);
1545   /*
1546   ** The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_vfs object.
1547   ** New fields may be appended in future versions.  The iVersion
1548   ** value will increment whenever this happens.
1549   */
1550 };
1551 
1552 /*
1553 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method
1554 **
1555 ** These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
1556 ** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object.  They determine
1557 ** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is looking for.
1558 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
1559 ** simply checks whether the file exists.
1560 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method
1561 ** checks whether the named directory is both readable and writable
1562 ** (in other words, if files can be added, removed, and renamed within
1563 ** the directory).
1564 ** The SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE constant is currently used only by the
1565 ** [temp_store_directory pragma], though this could change in a future
1566 ** release of SQLite.
1567 ** With SQLITE_ACCESS_READ, the xAccess method
1568 ** checks whether the file is readable.  The SQLITE_ACCESS_READ constant is
1569 ** currently unused, though it might be used in a future release of
1570 ** SQLite.
1571 */
1572 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
1573 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1   /* Used by PRAGMA temp_store_directory */
1574 #define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2   /* Unused */
1575 
1576 /*
1577 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xShmLock VFS method
1578 **
1579 ** These integer constants define the various locking operations
1580 ** allowed by the xShmLock method of [sqlite3_io_methods].  The
1581 ** following are the only legal combinations of flags to the
1582 ** xShmLock method:
1583 **
1584 ** <ul>
1585 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1586 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_LOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1587 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_SHARED
1588 ** <li>  SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK | SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE
1589 ** </ul>
1590 **
1591 ** When unlocking, the same SHARED or EXCLUSIVE flag must be supplied as
1592 ** was given on the corresponding lock.
1593 **
1594 ** The xShmLock method can transition between unlocked and SHARED or
1595 ** between unlocked and EXCLUSIVE.  It cannot transition between SHARED
1596 ** and EXCLUSIVE.
1597 */
1598 #define SQLITE_SHM_UNLOCK       1
1599 #define SQLITE_SHM_LOCK         2
1600 #define SQLITE_SHM_SHARED       4
1601 #define SQLITE_SHM_EXCLUSIVE    8
1602 
1603 /*
1604 ** CAPI3REF: Maximum xShmLock index
1605 **
1606 ** The xShmLock method on [sqlite3_io_methods] may use values
1607 ** between 0 and this upper bound as its "offset" argument.
1608 ** The SQLite core will never attempt to acquire or release a
1609 ** lock outside of this range
1610 */
1611 #define SQLITE_SHM_NLOCK        8
1612 
1613 
1614 /*
1615 ** CAPI3REF: Initialize The SQLite Library
1616 **
1617 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine initializes the
1618 ** SQLite library.  ^The sqlite3_shutdown() routine
1619 ** deallocates any resources that were allocated by sqlite3_initialize().
1620 ** These routines are designed to aid in process initialization and
1621 ** shutdown on embedded systems.  Workstation applications using
1622 ** SQLite normally do not need to invoke either of these routines.
1623 **
1624 ** A call to sqlite3_initialize() is an "effective" call if it is
1625 ** the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked during the lifetime of
1626 ** the process, or if it is the first time sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
1627 ** following a call to sqlite3_shutdown().  ^(Only an effective call
1628 ** of sqlite3_initialize() does any initialization.  All other calls
1629 ** are harmless no-ops.)^
1630 **
1631 ** A call to sqlite3_shutdown() is an "effective" call if it is the first
1632 ** call to sqlite3_shutdown() since the last sqlite3_initialize().  ^(Only
1633 ** an effective call to sqlite3_shutdown() does any deinitialization.
1634 ** All other valid calls to sqlite3_shutdown() are harmless no-ops.)^
1635 **
1636 ** The sqlite3_initialize() interface is threadsafe, but sqlite3_shutdown()
1637 ** is not.  The sqlite3_shutdown() interface must only be called from a
1638 ** single thread.  All open [database connections] must be closed and all
1639 ** other SQLite resources must be deallocated prior to invoking
1640 ** sqlite3_shutdown().
1641 **
1642 ** Among other things, ^sqlite3_initialize() will invoke
1643 ** sqlite3_os_init().  Similarly, ^sqlite3_shutdown()
1644 ** will invoke sqlite3_os_end().
1645 **
1646 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine returns [SQLITE_OK] on success.
1647 ** ^If for some reason, sqlite3_initialize() is unable to initialize
1648 ** the library (perhaps it is unable to allocate a needed resource such
1649 ** as a mutex) it returns an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
1650 **
1651 ** ^The sqlite3_initialize() routine is called internally by many other
1652 ** SQLite interfaces so that an application usually does not need to
1653 ** invoke sqlite3_initialize() directly.  For example, [sqlite3_open()]
1654 ** calls sqlite3_initialize() so the SQLite library will be automatically
1655 ** initialized when [sqlite3_open()] is called if it has not been initialized
1656 ** already.  ^However, if SQLite is compiled with the [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT]
1657 ** compile-time option, then the automatic calls to sqlite3_initialize()
1658 ** are omitted and the application must call sqlite3_initialize() directly
1659 ** prior to using any other SQLite interface.  For maximum portability,
1660 ** it is recommended that applications always invoke sqlite3_initialize()
1661 ** directly prior to using any other SQLite interface.  Future releases
1662 ** of SQLite may require this.  In other words, the behavior exhibited
1663 ** when SQLite is compiled with [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTOINIT] might become the
1664 ** default behavior in some future release of SQLite.
1665 **
1666 ** The sqlite3_os_init() routine does operating-system specific
1667 ** initialization of the SQLite library.  The sqlite3_os_end()
1668 ** routine undoes the effect of sqlite3_os_init().  Typical tasks
1669 ** performed by these routines include allocation or deallocation
1670 ** of static resources, initialization of global variables,
1671 ** setting up a default [sqlite3_vfs] module, or setting up
1672 ** a default configuration using [sqlite3_config()].
1673 **
1674 ** The application should never invoke either sqlite3_os_init()
1675 ** or sqlite3_os_end() directly.  The application should only invoke
1676 ** sqlite3_initialize() and sqlite3_shutdown().  The sqlite3_os_init()
1677 ** interface is called automatically by sqlite3_initialize() and
1678 ** sqlite3_os_end() is called by sqlite3_shutdown().  Appropriate
1679 ** implementations for sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end()
1680 ** are built into SQLite when it is compiled for Unix, Windows, or OS/2.
1681 ** When [custom builds | built for other platforms]
1682 ** (using the [SQLITE_OS_OTHER=1] compile-time
1683 ** option) the application must supply a suitable implementation for
1684 ** sqlite3_os_init() and sqlite3_os_end().  An application-supplied
1685 ** implementation of sqlite3_os_init() or sqlite3_os_end()
1686 ** must return [SQLITE_OK] on success and some other [error code] upon
1687 ** failure.
1688 */
1689 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_initialize(void);
1690 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_shutdown(void);
1691 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_init(void);
1692 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_os_end(void);
1693 
1694 /*
1695 ** CAPI3REF: Configuring The SQLite Library
1696 **
1697 ** The sqlite3_config() interface is used to make global configuration
1698 ** changes to SQLite in order to tune SQLite to the specific needs of
1699 ** the application.  The default configuration is recommended for most
1700 ** applications and so this routine is usually not necessary.  It is
1701 ** provided to support rare applications with unusual needs.
1702 **
1703 ** <b>The sqlite3_config() interface is not threadsafe. The application
1704 ** must ensure that no other SQLite interfaces are invoked by other
1705 ** threads while sqlite3_config() is running.</b>
1706 **
1707 ** The first argument to sqlite3_config() is an integer
1708 ** [configuration option] that determines
1709 ** what property of SQLite is to be configured.  Subsequent arguments
1710 ** vary depending on the [configuration option]
1711 ** in the first argument.
1712 **
1713 ** For most configuration options, the sqlite3_config() interface
1714 ** may only be invoked prior to library initialization using
1715 ** [sqlite3_initialize()] or after shutdown by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
1716 ** The exceptional configuration options that may be invoked at any time
1717 ** are called "anytime configuration options".
1718 ** ^If sqlite3_config() is called after [sqlite3_initialize()] and before
1719 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] with a first argument that is not an anytime
1720 ** configuration option, then the sqlite3_config() call will
1721 ** return SQLITE_MISUSE.
1722 ** Note, however, that ^sqlite3_config() can be called as part of the
1723 ** implementation of an application-defined [sqlite3_os_init()].
1724 **
1725 ** ^When a configuration option is set, sqlite3_config() returns [SQLITE_OK].
1726 ** ^If the option is unknown or SQLite is unable to set the option
1727 ** then this routine returns a non-zero [error code].
1728 */
1729 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_config(int, ...);
1730 
1731 /*
1732 ** CAPI3REF: Configure database connections
1733 ** METHOD: sqlite3
1734 **
1735 ** The sqlite3_db_config() interface is used to make configuration
1736 ** changes to a [database connection].  The interface is similar to
1737 ** [sqlite3_config()] except that the changes apply to a single
1738 ** [database connection] (specified in the first argument).
1739 **
1740 ** The second argument to sqlite3_db_config(D,V,...)  is the
1741 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE | configuration verb] - an integer code
1742 ** that indicates what aspect of the [database connection] is being configured.
1743 ** Subsequent arguments vary depending on the configuration verb.
1744 **
1745 ** ^Calls to sqlite3_db_config() return SQLITE_OK if and only if
1746 ** the call is considered successful.
1747 */
1748 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
1749 
1750 /*
1751 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Routines
1752 **
1753 ** An instance of this object defines the interface between SQLite
1754 ** and low-level memory allocation routines.
1755 **
1756 ** This object is used in only one place in the SQLite interface.
1757 ** A pointer to an instance of this object is the argument to
1758 ** [sqlite3_config()] when the configuration option is
1759 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC].
1760 ** By creating an instance of this object
1761 ** and passing it to [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC])
1762 ** during configuration, an application can specify an alternative
1763 ** memory allocation subsystem for SQLite to use for all of its
1764 ** dynamic memory needs.
1765 **
1766 ** Note that SQLite comes with several [built-in memory allocators]
1767 ** that are perfectly adequate for the overwhelming majority of applications
1768 ** and that this object is only useful to a tiny minority of applications
1769 ** with specialized memory allocation requirements.  This object is
1770 ** also used during testing of SQLite in order to specify an alternative
1771 ** memory allocator that simulates memory out-of-memory conditions in
1772 ** order to verify that SQLite recovers gracefully from such
1773 ** conditions.
1774 **
1775 ** The xMalloc, xRealloc, and xFree methods must work like the
1776 ** malloc(), realloc() and free() functions from the standard C library.
1777 ** ^SQLite guarantees that the second argument to
1778 ** xRealloc is always a value returned by a prior call to xRoundup.
1779 **
1780 ** xSize should return the allocated size of a memory allocation
1781 ** previously obtained from xMalloc or xRealloc.  The allocated size
1782 ** is always at least as big as the requested size but may be larger.
1783 **
1784 ** The xRoundup method returns what would be the allocated size of
1785 ** a memory allocation given a particular requested size.  Most memory
1786 ** allocators round up memory allocations at least to the next multiple
1787 ** of 8.  Some allocators round up to a larger multiple or to a power of 2.
1788 ** Every memory allocation request coming in through [sqlite3_malloc()]
1789 ** or [sqlite3_realloc()] first calls xRoundup.  If xRoundup returns 0,
1790 ** that causes the corresponding memory allocation to fail.
1791 **
1792 ** The xInit method initializes the memory allocator.  For example,
1793 ** it might allocate any required mutexes or initialize internal data
1794 ** structures.  The xShutdown method is invoked (indirectly) by
1795 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] and should deallocate any resources acquired
1796 ** by xInit.  The pAppData pointer is used as the only parameter to
1797 ** xInit and xShutdown.
1798 **
1799 ** SQLite holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN] mutex when it invokes
1800 ** the xInit method, so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  The
1801 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
1802 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  For all other methods, SQLite
1803 ** holds the [SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM] mutex as long as the
1804 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] configuration option is turned on (which
1805 ** it is by default) and so the methods are automatically serialized.
1806 ** However, if [SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS] is disabled, then the other
1807 ** methods must be threadsafe or else make their own arrangements for
1808 ** serialization.
1809 **
1810 ** SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
1811 ** call to xShutdown().
1812 */
1813 typedef struct sqlite3_mem_methods sqlite3_mem_methods;
1814 struct sqlite3_mem_methods {
1815   void *(*xMalloc)(int);         /* Memory allocation function */
1816   void (*xFree)(void*);          /* Free a prior allocation */
1817   void *(*xRealloc)(void*,int);  /* Resize an allocation */
1818   int (*xSize)(void*);           /* Return the size of an allocation */
1819   int (*xRoundup)(int);          /* Round up request size to allocation size */
1820   int (*xInit)(void*);           /* Initialize the memory allocator */
1821   void (*xShutdown)(void*);      /* Deinitialize the memory allocator */
1822   void *pAppData;                /* Argument to xInit() and xShutdown() */
1823 };
1824 
1825 /*
1826 ** CAPI3REF: Configuration Options
1827 ** KEYWORDS: {configuration option}
1828 **
1829 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
1830 ** can be passed as the first argument to the [sqlite3_config()] interface.
1831 **
1832 ** Most of the configuration options for sqlite3_config()
1833 ** will only work if invoked prior to [sqlite3_initialize()] or after
1834 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()].  The few exceptions to this rule are called
1835 ** "anytime configuration options".
1836 ** ^Calling [sqlite3_config()] with a first argument that is not an
1837 ** anytime configuration option in between calls to [sqlite3_initialize()] and
1838 ** [sqlite3_shutdown()] is a no-op that returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
1839 **
1840 ** The set of anytime configuration options can change (by insertions
1841 ** and/or deletions) from one release of SQLite to the next.
1842 ** As of SQLite version 3.42.0, the complete set of anytime configuration
1843 ** options is:
1844 ** <ul>
1845 ** <li> SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG
1846 ** <li> SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
1847 ** </ul>
1848 **
1849 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
1850 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
1851 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_config()] to make sure that
1852 ** the call worked.  The [sqlite3_config()] interface will return a
1853 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
1854 ** is invoked.
1855 **
1856 ** <dl>
1857 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD</dt>
1858 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1859 ** [threading mode] to Single-thread.  In other words, it disables
1860 ** all mutexing and puts SQLite into a mode where it can only be used
1861 ** by a single thread.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
1862 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1863 ** it is not possible to change the [threading mode] from its default
1864 ** value of Single-thread and so [sqlite3_config()] will return
1865 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD
1866 ** configuration option.</dd>
1867 **
1868 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD</dt>
1869 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1870 ** [threading mode] to Multi-thread.  In other words, it disables
1871 ** mutexing on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1872 ** The application is responsible for serializing access to
1873 ** [database connections] and [prepared statements].  But other mutexes
1874 ** are enabled so that SQLite will be safe to use in a multi-threaded
1875 ** environment as long as no two threads attempt to use the same
1876 ** [database connection] at the same time.  ^If SQLite is compiled with
1877 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1878 ** it is not possible to set the Multi-thread [threading mode] and
1879 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1880 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD configuration option.</dd>
1881 **
1882 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED</dt>
1883 ** <dd>There are no arguments to this option.  ^This option sets the
1884 ** [threading mode] to Serialized. In other words, this option enables
1885 ** all mutexes including the recursive
1886 ** mutexes on [database connection] and [prepared statement] objects.
1887 ** In this mode (which is the default when SQLite is compiled with
1888 ** [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=1]) the SQLite library will itself serialize access
1889 ** to [database connections] and [prepared statements] so that the
1890 ** application is free to use the same [database connection] or the
1891 ** same [prepared statement] in different threads at the same time.
1892 ** ^If SQLite is compiled with
1893 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
1894 ** it is not possible to set the Serialized [threading mode] and
1895 ** [sqlite3_config()] will return [SQLITE_ERROR] if called with the
1896 ** SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED configuration option.</dd>
1897 **
1898 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC</dt>
1899 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC option takes a single argument which is
1900 ** a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1901 ** The argument specifies
1902 ** alternative low-level memory allocation routines to be used in place of
1903 ** the memory allocation routines built into SQLite.)^ ^SQLite makes
1904 ** its own private copy of the content of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure
1905 ** before the [sqlite3_config()] call returns.</dd>
1906 **
1907 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC</dt>
1908 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC option takes a single argument which
1909 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mem_methods] structure.
1910 ** The [sqlite3_mem_methods]
1911 ** structure is filled with the currently defined memory allocation routines.)^
1912 ** This option can be used to overload the default memory allocation
1913 ** routines with a wrapper that simulates memory allocation failure or
1914 ** tracks memory usage, for example. </dd>
1915 **
1916 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC</dt>
1917 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC option takes a single argument of
1918 ** type int, interpreted as a boolean, which if true provides a hint to
1919 ** SQLite that it should avoid large memory allocations if possible.
1920 ** SQLite will run faster if it is free to make large memory allocations,
1921 ** but some applications might prefer to run slower in exchange for
1922 ** guarantees about memory fragmentation that are possible if large
1923 ** allocations are avoided.  This hint is normally off.
1924 ** </dd>
1925 **
1926 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS</dt>
1927 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS option takes a single argument of type int,
1928 ** interpreted as a boolean, which enables or disables the collection of
1929 ** memory allocation statistics. ^(When memory allocation statistics are
1930 ** disabled, the following SQLite interfaces become non-operational:
1931 **   <ul>
1932 **   <li> [sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64()]
1933 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_used()]
1934 **   <li> [sqlite3_memory_highwater()]
1935 **   <li> [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
1936 **   <li> [sqlite3_status64()]
1937 **   </ul>)^
1938 ** ^Memory allocation statistics are enabled by default unless SQLite is
1939 ** compiled with [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS]=0 in which case memory
1940 ** allocation statistics are disabled by default.
1941 ** </dd>
1942 **
1943 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH</dt>
1944 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH option is no longer used.
1945 ** </dd>
1946 **
1947 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE</dt>
1948 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE option specifies a memory pool
1949 ** that SQLite can use for the database page cache with the default page
1950 ** cache implementation.
1951 ** This configuration option is a no-op if an application-defined page
1952 ** cache implementation is loaded using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2].
1953 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE: A pointer to
1954 ** 8-byte aligned memory (pMem), the size of each page cache line (sz),
1955 ** and the number of cache lines (N).
1956 ** The sz argument should be the size of the largest database page
1957 ** (a power of two between 512 and 65536) plus some extra bytes for each
1958 ** page header.  ^The number of extra bytes needed by the page header
1959 ** can be determined using [SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ].
1960 ** ^It is harmless, apart from the wasted memory,
1961 ** for the sz parameter to be larger than necessary.  The pMem
1962 ** argument must be either a NULL pointer or a pointer to an 8-byte
1963 ** aligned block of memory of at least sz*N bytes, otherwise
1964 ** subsequent behavior is undefined.
1965 ** ^When pMem is not NULL, SQLite will strive to use the memory provided
1966 ** to satisfy page cache needs, falling back to [sqlite3_malloc()] if
1967 ** a page cache line is larger than sz bytes or if all of the pMem buffer
1968 ** is exhausted.
1969 ** ^If pMem is NULL and N is non-zero, then each database connection
1970 ** does an initial bulk allocation for page cache memory
1971 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] sufficient for N cache lines if N is positive or
1972 ** of -1024*N bytes if N is negative. ^If additional
1973 ** page cache memory is needed beyond what is provided by the initial
1974 ** allocation, then SQLite goes to [sqlite3_malloc()] separately for each
1975 ** additional cache line. </dd>
1976 **
1977 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP</dt>
1978 ** <dd> ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option specifies a static memory buffer
1979 ** that SQLite will use for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs
1980 ** beyond those provided for by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
1981 ** ^The SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP option is only available if SQLite is compiled
1982 ** with either [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS3] or [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMSYS5] and returns
1983 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] if invoked otherwise.
1984 ** ^There are three arguments to SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP:
1985 ** An 8-byte aligned pointer to the memory,
1986 ** the number of bytes in the memory buffer, and the minimum allocation size.
1987 ** ^If the first pointer (the memory pointer) is NULL, then SQLite reverts
1988 ** to using its default memory allocator (the system malloc() implementation),
1989 ** undoing any prior invocation of [SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC].  ^If the
1990 ** memory pointer is not NULL then the alternative memory
1991 ** allocator is engaged to handle all of SQLites memory allocation needs.
1992 ** The first pointer (the memory pointer) must be aligned to an 8-byte
1993 ** boundary or subsequent behavior of SQLite will be undefined.
1994 ** The minimum allocation size is capped at 2**12. Reasonable values
1995 ** for the minimum allocation size are 2**5 through 2**8.</dd>
1996 **
1997 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX</dt>
1998 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX option takes a single argument which is a
1999 ** pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.
2000 ** The argument specifies alternative low-level mutex routines to be used
2001 ** in place of the mutex routines built into SQLite.)^  ^SQLite makes a copy of
2002 ** the content of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure before the call to
2003 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns. ^If SQLite is compiled with
2004 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
2005 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
2006 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX configuration option will
2007 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
2008 **
2009 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX</dt>
2010 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX option takes a single argument which
2011 ** is a pointer to an instance of the [sqlite3_mutex_methods] structure.  The
2012 ** [sqlite3_mutex_methods]
2013 ** structure is filled with the currently defined mutex routines.)^
2014 ** This option can be used to overload the default mutex allocation
2015 ** routines with a wrapper used to track mutex usage for performance
2016 ** profiling or testing, for example.   ^If SQLite is compiled with
2017 ** the [SQLITE_THREADSAFE | SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] compile-time option then
2018 ** the entire mutexing subsystem is omitted from the build and hence calls to
2019 ** [sqlite3_config()] with the SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX configuration option will
2020 ** return [SQLITE_ERROR].</dd>
2021 **
2022 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2023 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes two arguments that determine
2024 ** the default size of [lookaside memory] on each [database connection].
2025 ** The first argument is the
2026 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot ("sz") and the second is the number of
2027 ** slots allocated to each database connection ("cnt").)^
2028 ** ^(SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE sets the <i>default</i> lookaside size.
2029 ** The [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE] option to [sqlite3_db_config()] can
2030 ** be used to change the lookaside configuration on individual connections.)^
2031 ** The [-DSQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE] option can be used to change the
2032 ** default lookaside configuration at compile-time.
2033 ** </dd>
2034 **
2035 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2</dt>
2036 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2 option takes a single argument which is
2037 ** a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  This object specifies
2038 ** the interface to a custom page cache implementation.)^
2039 ** ^SQLite makes a copy of the [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.</dd>
2040 **
2041 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2</dt>
2042 ** <dd> ^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2 option takes a single argument which
2043 ** is a pointer to an [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] object.  SQLite copies off
2044 ** the current page cache implementation into that object.)^ </dd>
2045 **
2046 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG</dt>
2047 ** <dd> The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option is used to configure the SQLite
2048 ** global [error log].
2049 ** (^The SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG option takes two arguments: a pointer to a
2050 ** function with a call signature of void(*)(void*,int,const char*),
2051 ** and a pointer to void. ^If the function pointer is not NULL, it is
2052 ** invoked by [sqlite3_log()] to process each logging event.  ^If the
2053 ** function pointer is NULL, the [sqlite3_log()] interface becomes a no-op.
2054 ** ^The void pointer that is the second argument to SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG is
2055 ** passed through as the first parameter to the application-defined logger
2056 ** function whenever that function is invoked.  ^The second parameter to
2057 ** the logger function is a copy of the first parameter to the corresponding
2058 ** [sqlite3_log()] call and is intended to be a [result code] or an
2059 ** [extended result code].  ^The third parameter passed to the logger is
2060 ** a log message after formatting via [sqlite3_snprintf()].
2061 ** The SQLite logging interface is not reentrant; the logger function
2062 ** supplied by the application must not invoke any SQLite interface.
2063 ** In a multi-threaded application, the application-defined logger
2064 ** function must be threadsafe. </dd>
2065 **
2066 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_URI]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_URI
2067 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_CONFIG_URI option takes a single argument of type int.
2068 ** If non-zero, then URI handling is globally enabled. If the parameter is zero,
2069 ** then URI handling is globally disabled.)^ ^If URI handling is globally
2070 ** enabled, all filenames passed to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()],
2071 ** [sqlite3_open16()] or
2072 ** specified as part of [ATTACH] commands are interpreted as URIs, regardless
2073 ** of whether or not the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is set when the database
2074 ** connection is opened. ^If it is globally disabled, filenames are
2075 ** only interpreted as URIs if the SQLITE_OPEN_URI flag is set when the
2076 ** database connection is opened. ^(By default, URI handling is globally
2077 ** disabled. The default value may be changed by compiling with the
2078 ** [SQLITE_USE_URI] symbol defined.)^
2079 **
2080 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN]] <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN
2081 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN option takes a single integer
2082 ** argument which is interpreted as a boolean in order to enable or disable
2083 ** the use of covering indices for full table scans in the query optimizer.
2084 ** ^The default setting is determined
2085 ** by the [SQLITE_ALLOW_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN] compile-time option, or is "on"
2086 ** if that compile-time option is omitted.
2087 ** The ability to disable the use of covering indices for full table scans
2088 ** is because some incorrectly coded legacy applications might malfunction
2089 ** when the optimization is enabled.  Providing the ability to
2090 ** disable the optimization allows the older, buggy application code to work
2091 ** without change even with newer versions of SQLite.
2092 **
2093 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE]] [[SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE]]
2094 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE and SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE
2095 ** <dd> These options are obsolete and should not be used by new code.
2096 ** They are retained for backwards compatibility but are now no-ops.
2097 ** </dd>
2098 **
2099 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG]]
2100 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG
2101 ** <dd>This option is only available if sqlite is compiled with the
2102 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SQLLOG] pre-processor macro defined. The first argument should
2103 ** be a pointer to a function of type void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,const char*, int).
2104 ** The second should be of type (void*). The callback is invoked by the library
2105 ** in three separate circumstances, identified by the value passed as the
2106 ** fourth parameter. If the fourth parameter is 0, then the database connection
2107 ** passed as the second argument has just been opened. The third argument
2108 ** points to a buffer containing the name of the main database file. If the
2109 ** fourth parameter is 1, then the SQL statement that the third parameter
2110 ** points to has just been executed. Or, if the fourth parameter is 2, then
2111 ** the connection being passed as the second parameter is being closed. The
2112 ** third parameter is passed NULL In this case.  An example of using this
2113 ** configuration option can be seen in the "test_sqllog.c" source file in
2114 ** the canonical SQLite source tree.</dd>
2115 **
2116 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE]]
2117 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE
2118 ** <dd>^SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE takes two 64-bit integer (sqlite3_int64) values
2119 ** that are the default mmap size limit (the default setting for
2120 ** [PRAGMA mmap_size]) and the maximum allowed mmap size limit.
2121 ** ^The default setting can be overridden by each database connection using
2122 ** either the [PRAGMA mmap_size] command, or by using the
2123 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_MMAP_SIZE] file control.  ^(The maximum allowed mmap size
2124 ** will be silently truncated if necessary so that it does not exceed the
2125 ** compile-time maximum mmap size set by the
2126 ** [SQLITE_MAX_MMAP_SIZE] compile-time option.)^
2127 ** ^If either argument to this option is negative, then that argument is
2128 ** changed to its compile-time default.
2129 **
2130 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE]]
2131 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE
2132 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE option is only available if SQLite is
2133 ** compiled for Windows with the [SQLITE_WIN32_MALLOC] pre-processor macro
2134 ** defined. ^SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE takes a 32-bit unsigned integer value
2135 ** that specifies the maximum size of the created heap.
2136 **
2137 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ]]
2138 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ
2139 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ option takes a single parameter which
2140 ** is a pointer to an integer and writes into that integer the number of extra
2141 ** bytes per page required for each page in [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].
2142 ** The amount of extra space required can change depending on the compiler,
2143 ** target platform, and SQLite version.
2144 **
2145 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ]]
2146 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ
2147 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ option takes a single parameter which
2148 ** is an unsigned integer and sets the "Minimum PMA Size" for the multithreaded
2149 ** sorter to that integer.  The default minimum PMA Size is set by the
2150 ** [SQLITE_SORTER_PMASZ] compile-time option.  New threads are launched
2151 ** to help with sort operations when multithreaded sorting
2152 ** is enabled (using the [PRAGMA threads] command) and the amount of content
2153 ** to be sorted exceeds the page size times the minimum of the
2154 ** [PRAGMA cache_size] setting and this value.
2155 **
2156 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL]]
2157 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL
2158 ** <dd>^The SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL option takes a single parameter which
2159 ** becomes the [statement journal] spill-to-disk threshold.
2160 ** [Statement journals] are held in memory until their size (in bytes)
2161 ** exceeds this threshold, at which point they are written to disk.
2162 ** Or if the threshold is -1, statement journals are always held
2163 ** exclusively in memory.
2164 ** Since many statement journals never become large, setting the spill
2165 ** threshold to a value such as 64KiB can greatly reduce the amount of
2166 ** I/O required to support statement rollback.
2167 ** The default value for this setting is controlled by the
2168 ** [SQLITE_STMTJRNL_SPILL] compile-time option.
2169 **
2170 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE]]
2171 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE
2172 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE option accepts a single parameter
2173 ** of type (int) - the new value of the sorter-reference size threshold.
2174 ** Usually, when SQLite uses an external sort to order records according
2175 ** to an ORDER BY clause, all fields required by the caller are present in the
2176 ** sorted records. However, if SQLite determines based on the declared type
2177 ** of a table column that its values are likely to be very large - larger
2178 ** than the configured sorter-reference size threshold - then a reference
2179 ** is stored in each sorted record and the required column values loaded
2180 ** from the database as records are returned in sorted order. The default
2181 ** value for this option is to never use this optimization. Specifying a
2182 ** negative value for this option restores the default behavior.
2183 ** This option is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
2184 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SORTER_REFERENCES] compile-time option.
2185 **
2186 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE]]
2187 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE
2188 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE option accepts a single parameter
2189 ** [sqlite3_int64] parameter which is the default maximum size for an in-memory
2190 ** database created using [sqlite3_deserialize()].  This default maximum
2191 ** size can be adjusted up or down for individual databases using the
2192 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_SIZE_LIMIT] [sqlite3_file_control|file-control].  If this
2193 ** configuration setting is never used, then the default maximum is determined
2194 ** by the [SQLITE_MEMDB_DEFAULT_MAXSIZE] compile-time option.  If that
2195 ** compile-time option is not set, then the default maximum is 1073741824.
2196 **
2197 ** [[SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW]]
2198 ** <dt>SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW
2199 ** <dd>The SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW option enables or disables the ability
2200 ** for VIEWs to have a ROWID.  The capability can only be enabled if SQLite is
2201 ** compiled with -DSQLITE_ALLOW_ROWID_IN_VIEW, in which case the capability
2202 ** defaults to on.  This configuration option queries the current setting or
2203 ** changes the setting to off or on.  The argument is a pointer to an integer.
2204 ** If that integer initially holds a value of 1, then the ability for VIEWs to
2205 ** have ROWIDs is activated.  If the integer initially holds zero, then the
2206 ** ability is deactivated.  Any other initial value for the integer leaves the
2207 ** setting unchanged.  After changes, if any, the integer is written with
2208 ** a 1 or 0, if the ability for VIEWs to have ROWIDs is on or off.  If SQLite
2209 ** is compiled without -DSQLITE_ALLOW_ROWID_IN_VIEW (which is the usual and
2210 ** recommended case) then the integer is always filled with zero, regardless
2211 ** if its initial value.
2212 ** </dl>
2213 */
2214 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD         1  /* nil */
2215 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD          2  /* nil */
2216 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SERIALIZED           3  /* nil */
2217 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MALLOC               4  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2218 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMALLOC            5  /* sqlite3_mem_methods* */
2219 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SCRATCH              6  /* No longer used */
2220 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE            7  /* void*, int sz, int N */
2221 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_HEAP                 8  /* void*, int nByte, int min */
2222 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS            9  /* boolean */
2223 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX               10  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2224 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX            11  /* sqlite3_mutex_methods* */
2225 /* previously SQLITE_CONFIG_CHUNKALLOC    12 which is now unused. */
2226 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE           13  /* int int */
2227 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE              14  /* no-op */
2228 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE           15  /* no-op */
2229 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG                 16  /* xFunc, void* */
2230 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_URI                 17  /* int */
2231 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2             18  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2232 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_GETPCACHE2          19  /* sqlite3_pcache_methods2* */
2233 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_COVERING_INDEX_SCAN 20  /* int */
2234 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SQLLOG              21  /* xSqllog, void* */
2235 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MMAP_SIZE           22  /* sqlite3_int64, sqlite3_int64 */
2236 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_WIN32_HEAPSIZE      23  /* int nByte */
2237 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE_HDRSZ        24  /* int *psz */
2238 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_PMASZ               25  /* unsigned int szPma */
2239 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_STMTJRNL_SPILL      26  /* int nByte */
2240 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SMALL_MALLOC        27  /* boolean */
2241 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_SORTERREF_SIZE      28  /* int nByte */
2242 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMDB_MAXSIZE       29  /* sqlite3_int64 */
2243 #define SQLITE_CONFIG_ROWID_IN_VIEW       30  /* int* */
2244 
2245 /*
2246 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Configuration Options
2247 **
2248 ** These constants are the available integer configuration options that
2249 ** can be passed as the second parameter to the [sqlite3_db_config()] interface.
2250 **
2251 ** The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface is a var-args function.  It takes a
2252 ** variable number of parameters, though always at least two.  The number of
2253 ** parameters passed into sqlite3_db_config() depends on which of these
2254 ** constants is given as the second parameter.  This documentation page
2255 ** refers to parameters beyond the second as "arguments".  Thus, when this
2256 ** page says "the N-th argument" it means "the N-th parameter past the
2257 ** configuration option" or "the (N+2)-th parameter to sqlite3_db_config()".
2258 **
2259 ** New configuration options may be added in future releases of SQLite.
2260 ** Existing configuration options might be discontinued.  Applications
2261 ** should check the return code from [sqlite3_db_config()] to make sure that
2262 ** the call worked.  ^The [sqlite3_db_config()] interface will return a
2263 ** non-zero [error code] if a discontinued or unsupported configuration option
2264 ** is invoked.
2265 **
2266 ** <dl>
2267 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE]]
2268 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE</dt>
2269 ** <dd> The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option is used to adjust the
2270 ** configuration of the [lookaside memory allocator] within a database
2271 ** connection.
2272 ** The arguments to the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option are <i>not</i>
2273 ** in the [DBCONFIG arguments|usual format].
2274 ** The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE option takes three arguments, not two,
2275 ** so that a call to [sqlite3_db_config()] that uses SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE
2276 ** should have a total of five parameters.
2277 ** <ol>
2278 ** <li><p>The first argument ("buf") is a
2279 ** pointer to a memory buffer to use for lookaside memory.
2280 ** The first argument may be NULL in which case SQLite will allocate the
2281 ** lookaside buffer itself using [sqlite3_malloc()].
2282 ** <li><P>The second argument ("sz") is the
2283 ** size of each lookaside buffer slot.  Lookaside is disabled if "sz"
2284 ** is less than 8.  The "sz" argument should be a multiple of 8 less than
2285 ** 65536.  If "sz" does not meet this constraint, it is reduced in size until
2286 ** it does.
2287 ** <li><p>The third argument ("cnt") is the number of slots.
2288 ** Lookaside is disabled if "cnt"is less than 1.
2289 *  The "cnt" value will be reduced, if necessary, so
2290 ** that the product of "sz" and "cnt" does not exceed 2,147,418,112. The "cnt"
2291 ** parameter is usually chosen so that the product of "sz" and "cnt" is less
2292 ** than 1,000,000.
2293 ** </ol>
2294 ** <p>If the "buf" argument is not NULL, then it must
2295 ** point to a memory buffer with a size that is greater than
2296 ** or equal to the product of "sz" and "cnt".
2297 ** The buffer must be aligned to an 8-byte boundary.
2298 ** The lookaside memory
2299 ** configuration for a database connection can only be changed when that
2300 ** connection is not currently using lookaside memory, or in other words
2301 ** when the value returned by [SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED] is zero.
2302 ** Any attempt to change the lookaside memory configuration when lookaside
2303 ** memory is in use leaves the configuration unchanged and returns
2304 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
2305 ** If the "buf" argument is NULL and an attempt
2306 ** to allocate memory based on "sz" and "cnt" fails, then
2307 ** lookaside is silently disabled.
2308 ** <p>
2309 ** The [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOOKASIDE] configuration option can be used to set the
2310 ** default lookaside configuration at initialization.  The
2311 ** [-DSQLITE_DEFAULT_LOOKASIDE] option can be used to set the default lookaside
2312 ** configuration at compile-time.  Typical values for lookaside are 1200 for
2313 ** "sz" and 40 to 100 for "cnt".
2314 ** </dd>
2315 **
2316 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY]]
2317 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY</dt>
2318 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the enforcement of
2319 ** [foreign key constraints].  This is the same setting that is
2320 ** enabled or disabled by the [PRAGMA foreign_keys] statement.
2321 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable FK enforcement,
2322 ** positive to enable FK enforcement or negative to leave FK enforcement
2323 ** unchanged.  The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2324 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether FK enforcement is off or on
2325 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2326 ** which case the FK enforcement setting is not reported back. </dd>
2327 **
2328 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER]]
2329 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER</dt>
2330 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers].
2331 ** There should be two additional arguments.
2332 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable triggers,
2333 ** positive to enable triggers or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2334 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2335 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether triggers are disabled or enabled
2336 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2337 ** which case the trigger setting is not reported back.
2338 **
2339 ** <p>Originally this option disabled all triggers.  ^(However, since
2340 ** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP triggers are still allowed even if
2341 ** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2342 ** triggers in the main database schema or in the schemas of [ATTACH]-ed
2343 ** databases.)^ </dd>
2344 **
2345 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW]]
2346 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW</dt>
2347 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable [CREATE VIEW | views].
2348 ** There must be two additional arguments.
2349 ** The first argument is an integer which is 0 to disable views,
2350 ** positive to enable views or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2351 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2352 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether views are disabled or enabled
2353 ** following this call.  The second parameter may be a NULL pointer, in
2354 ** which case the view setting is not reported back.
2355 **
2356 ** <p>Originally this option disabled all views.  ^(However, since
2357 ** SQLite version 3.35.0, TEMP views are still allowed even if
2358 ** this option is off.  So, in other words, this option now only disables
2359 ** views in the main database schema or in the schemas of ATTACH-ed
2360 ** databases.)^ </dd>
2361 **
2362 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER]]
2363 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER</dt>
2364 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable using the
2365 ** [fts3_tokenizer()] function - part of the [FTS3] full-text search engine
2366 ** extension - without using bound parameters as the parameters. Doing so
2367 ** is disabled by default. There must be two additional arguments. The first
2368 ** argument is an integer. If it is passed 0, then using fts3_tokenizer()
2369 ** without bound parameters is disabled. If it is passed a positive value,
2370 ** then calling fts3_tokenizer without bound parameters is enabled. If it
2371 ** is passed a negative value, this setting is not modified - this can be
2372 ** used to query for the current setting. The second parameter is a pointer
2373 ** to an integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate the current value
2374 ** of this setting (after it is modified, if applicable).  The second
2375 ** parameter may be a NULL pointer, in which case the value of the setting
2376 ** is not reported back. Refer to [FTS3] documentation for further details.
2377 ** </dd>
2378 **
2379 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION]]
2380 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION</dt>
2381 ** <dd> ^This option is used to enable or disable the [sqlite3_load_extension()]
2382 ** interface independently of the [load_extension()] SQL function.
2383 ** The [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] API enables or disables both the
2384 ** C-API [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
2385 ** There must be two additional arguments.
2386 ** When the first argument to this interface is 1, then only the C-API is
2387 ** enabled and the SQL function remains disabled.  If the first argument to
2388 ** this interface is 0, then both the C-API and the SQL function are disabled.
2389 ** If the first argument is -1, then no changes are made to the state of either
2390 ** the C-API or the SQL function.
2391 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2392 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface
2393 ** is disabled or enabled following this call.  The second parameter may
2394 ** be a NULL pointer, in which case the new setting is not reported back.
2395 ** </dd>
2396 **
2397 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME</dt>
2398 ** <dd> ^This option is used to change the name of the "main" database
2399 ** schema.  This option does not follow the
2400 ** [DBCONFIG arguments|usual SQLITE_DBCONFIG argument format].
2401 ** This option takes exactly one additional argument so that the
2402 ** [sqlite3_db_config()] call has a total of three parameters.  The
2403 ** extra argument must be a pointer to a constant UTF8 string which
2404 ** will become the new schema name in place of "main".  ^SQLite does
2405 ** not make a copy of the new main schema name string, so the application
2406 ** must ensure that the argument passed into SQLITE_DBCONFIG MAINDBNAME
2407 ** is unchanged until after the database connection closes.
2408 ** </dd>
2409 **
2410 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE]]
2411 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE</dt>
2412 ** <dd> Usually, when a database in [WAL mode] is closed or detached from a
2413 ** database handle, SQLite checks if if there are other connections to the
2414 ** same database, and if there are no other database connection (if the
2415 ** connection being closed is the last open connection to the database),
2416 ** then SQLite performs a [checkpoint] before closing the connection and
2417 ** deletes the WAL file.  The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE option can
2418 ** be used to override that behavior. The first argument passed to this
2419 ** operation (the third parameter to [sqlite3_db_config()]) is an integer
2420 ** which is positive to disable checkpoints-on-close, or zero (the default)
2421 ** to enable them, and negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2422 ** The second argument (the fourth parameter) is a pointer to an integer
2423 ** into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether checkpoints-on-close
2424 ** have been disabled - 0 if they are not disabled, 1 if they are.
2425 ** </dd>
2426 **
2427 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG</dt>
2428 ** <dd>^(The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG option activates or deactivates
2429 ** the [query planner stability guarantee] (QPSG).  When the QPSG is active,
2430 ** a single SQL query statement will always use the same algorithm regardless
2431 ** of values of [bound parameters].)^ The QPSG disables some query optimizations
2432 ** that look at the values of bound parameters, which can make some queries
2433 ** slower.  But the QPSG has the advantage of more predictable behavior.  With
2434 ** the QPSG active, SQLite will always use the same query plan in the field as
2435 ** was used during testing in the lab.
2436 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2437 ** the QPSG, positive to enable QPSG, or negative to leave the setting
2438 ** unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which
2439 ** is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the QPSG is disabled or enabled
2440 ** following this call.
2441 ** </dd>
2442 **
2443 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP</dt>
2444 ** <dd> By default, the output of EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN commands does not
2445 ** include output for any operations performed by trigger programs. This
2446 ** option is used to set or clear (the default) a flag that governs this
2447 ** behavior. The first parameter passed to this operation is an integer -
2448 ** positive to enable output for trigger programs, or zero to disable it,
2449 ** or negative to leave the setting unchanged.
2450 ** The second parameter is a pointer to an integer into which is written
2451 ** 0 or 1 to indicate whether output-for-triggers has been disabled - 0 if
2452 ** it is not disabled, 1 if it is.
2453 ** </dd>
2454 **
2455 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE</dt>
2456 ** <dd> Set the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE flag and then run
2457 ** [VACUUM] in order to reset a database back to an empty database
2458 ** with no schema and no content. The following process works even for
2459 ** a badly corrupted database file:
2460 ** <ol>
2461 ** <li> If the database connection is newly opened, make sure it has read the
2462 **      database schema by preparing then discarding some query against the
2463 **      database, or calling sqlite3_table_column_metadata(), ignoring any
2464 **      errors.  This step is only necessary if the application desires to keep
2465 **      the database in WAL mode after the reset if it was in WAL mode before
2466 **      the reset.
2467 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 1, 0);
2468 ** <li> [sqlite3_exec](db, "[VACUUM]", 0, 0, 0);
2469 ** <li> sqlite3_db_config(db, SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE, 0, 0);
2470 ** </ol>
2471 ** Because resetting a database is destructive and irreversible, the
2472 ** process requires the use of this obscure API and multiple steps to
2473 ** help ensure that it does not happen by accident. Because this
2474 ** feature must be capable of resetting corrupt databases, and
2475 ** shutting down virtual tables may require access to that corrupt
2476 ** storage, the library must abandon any installed virtual tables
2477 ** without calling their xDestroy() methods.
2478 **
2479 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE</dt>
2480 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE option activates or deactivates the
2481 ** "defensive" flag for a database connection.  When the defensive
2482 ** flag is enabled, language features that allow ordinary SQL to
2483 ** deliberately corrupt the database file are disabled.  The disabled
2484 ** features include but are not limited to the following:
2485 ** <ul>
2486 ** <li> The [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] statement.
2487 ** <li> The [PRAGMA journal_mode=OFF] statement.
2488 ** <li> The [PRAGMA schema_version=N] statement.
2489 ** <li> Writes to the [sqlite_dbpage] virtual table.
2490 ** <li> Direct writes to [shadow tables].
2491 ** </ul>
2492 ** </dd>
2493 **
2494 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA]] <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA</dt>
2495 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA option activates or deactivates the
2496 ** "writable_schema" flag. This has the same effect and is logically equivalent
2497 ** to setting [PRAGMA writable_schema=ON] or [PRAGMA writable_schema=OFF].
2498 ** The first argument to this setting is an integer which is 0 to disable
2499 ** the writable_schema, positive to enable writable_schema, or negative to
2500 ** leave the setting unchanged. The second parameter is a pointer to an
2501 ** integer into which is written 0 or 1 to indicate whether the writable_schema
2502 ** is enabled or disabled following this call.
2503 ** </dd>
2504 **
2505 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE]]
2506 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE</dt>
2507 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE option activates or deactivates
2508 ** the legacy behavior of the [ALTER TABLE RENAME] command such that it
2509 ** behaves as it did prior to [version 3.24.0] (2018-06-04).  See the
2510 ** "Compatibility Notice" on the [ALTER TABLE RENAME documentation] for
2511 ** additional information. This feature can also be turned on and off
2512 ** using the [PRAGMA legacy_alter_table] statement.
2513 ** </dd>
2514 **
2515 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML]]
2516 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML</dt>
2517 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML option activates or deactivates
2518 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DML statements
2519 ** only, that is DELETE, INSERT, SELECT, and UPDATE statements. The
2520 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2521 ** compile-time option.
2522 ** </dd>
2523 **
2524 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL]]
2525 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL</dt>
2526 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS option activates or deactivates
2527 ** the legacy [double-quoted string literal] misfeature for DDL statements,
2528 ** such as CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX. The
2529 ** default value of this setting is determined by the [-DSQLITE_DQS]
2530 ** compile-time option.
2531 ** </dd>
2532 **
2533 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA]]
2534 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA</dt>
2535 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option tells SQLite to
2536 ** assume that database schemas are untainted by malicious content.
2537 ** When the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA option is disabled, SQLite
2538 ** takes additional defensive steps to protect the application from harm
2539 ** including:
2540 ** <ul>
2541 ** <li> Prohibit the use of SQL functions inside triggers, views,
2542 ** CHECK constraints, DEFAULT clauses, expression indexes,
2543 ** partial indexes, or generated columns
2544 ** unless those functions are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS].
2545 ** <li> Prohibit the use of virtual tables inside of triggers or views
2546 ** unless those virtual tables are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].
2547 ** </ul>
2548 ** This setting defaults to "on" for legacy compatibility, however
2549 ** all applications are advised to turn it off if possible. This setting
2550 ** can also be controlled using the [PRAGMA trusted_schema] statement.
2551 ** </dd>
2552 **
2553 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT]]
2554 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT</dt>
2555 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT option activates or deactivates
2556 ** the legacy file format flag.  When activated, this flag causes all newly
2557 ** created database files to have a schema format version number (the 4-byte
2558 ** integer found at offset 44 into the database header) of 1.  This in turn
2559 ** means that the resulting database file will be readable and writable by
2560 ** any SQLite version back to 3.0.0 ([dateof:3.0.0]).  Without this setting,
2561 ** newly created databases are generally not understandable by SQLite versions
2562 ** prior to 3.3.0 ([dateof:3.3.0]).  As these words are written, there
2563 ** is now scarcely any need to generate database files that are compatible
2564 ** all the way back to version 3.0.0, and so this setting is of little
2565 ** practical use, but is provided so that SQLite can continue to claim the
2566 ** ability to generate new database files that are compatible with  version
2567 ** 3.0.0.
2568 ** <p>Note that when the SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT setting is on,
2569 ** the [VACUUM] command will fail with an obscure error when attempting to
2570 ** process a table with generated columns and a descending index.  This is
2571 ** not considered a bug since SQLite versions 3.3.0 and earlier do not support
2572 ** either generated columns or descending indexes.
2573 ** </dd>
2574 **
2575 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS]]
2576 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS</dt>
2577 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS option is only useful in
2578 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] builds. In this case, it sets or clears
2579 ** a flag that enables collection of run-time performance statistics
2580 ** used by [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2()] and the [nexec and ncycle]
2581 ** columns of the [bytecode virtual table].
2582 ** For statistics to be collected, the flag must be set on
2583 ** the database handle both when the SQL statement is
2584 ** [sqlite3_prepare|prepared] and when it is [sqlite3_step|stepped].
2585 ** The flag is set (collection of statistics is enabled) by default.
2586 ** <p>This option takes two arguments: an integer and a pointer to
2587 ** an integer.  The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or
2588 ** leave unchanged the statement scanstatus option.  If the second argument
2589 ** is not NULL, then the value of the statement scanstatus setting after
2590 ** processing the first argument is written into the integer that the second
2591 ** argument points to.
2592 ** </dd>
2593 **
2594 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER]]
2595 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER</dt>
2596 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER option changes the default order
2597 ** in which tables and indexes are scanned so that the scans start at the end
2598 ** and work toward the beginning rather than starting at the beginning and
2599 ** working toward the end. Setting SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER is the
2600 ** same as setting [PRAGMA reverse_unordered_selects]. <p>This option takes
2601 ** two arguments which are an integer and a pointer to an integer.  The first
2602 ** argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or leave unchanged the
2603 ** reverse scan order flag, respectively.  If the second argument is not NULL,
2604 ** then 0 or 1 is written into the integer that the second argument points to
2605 ** depending on if the reverse scan order flag is set after processing the
2606 ** first argument.
2607 ** </dd>
2608 **
2609 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE]]
2610 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE</dt>
2611 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE option enables or disables
2612 ** the ability of the [ATTACH DATABASE] SQL command to create a new database
2613 ** file if the database filed named in the ATTACH command does not already
2614 ** exist.  This ability of ATTACH to create a new database is enabled by
2615 ** default.  Applications can disable or reenable the ability for ATTACH to
2616 ** create new database files using this DBCONFIG option.<p>
2617 ** This option takes two arguments which are an integer and a pointer
2618 ** to an integer.  The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or
2619 ** leave unchanged the attach-create flag, respectively.  If the second
2620 ** argument is not NULL, then 0 or 1 is written into the integer that the
2621 ** second argument points to depending on if the attach-create flag is set
2622 ** after processing the first argument.
2623 ** </dd>
2624 **
2625 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_WRITE]]
2626 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_WRITE</dt>
2627 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_WRITE option enables or disables the
2628 ** ability of the [ATTACH DATABASE] SQL command to open a database for writing.
2629 ** This capability is enabled by default.  Applications can disable or
2630 ** reenable this capability using the current DBCONFIG option.  If
2631 ** this capability is disabled, the [ATTACH] command will still work,
2632 ** but the database will be opened read-only.  If this option is disabled,
2633 ** then the ability to create a new database using [ATTACH] is also disabled,
2634 ** regardless of the value of the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE]
2635 ** option.<p>
2636 ** This option takes two arguments which are an integer and a pointer
2637 ** to an integer.  The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or
2638 ** leave unchanged the ability to ATTACH another database for writing,
2639 ** respectively.  If the second argument is not NULL, then 0 or 1 is written
2640 ** into the integer to which the second argument points, depending on whether
2641 ** the ability to ATTACH a read/write database is enabled or disabled
2642 ** after processing the first argument.
2643 ** </dd>
2644 **
2645 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS]]
2646 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS</dt>
2647 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS option enables or disables the
2648 ** ability to include comments in SQL text.  Comments are enabled by default.
2649 ** An application can disable or reenable comments in SQL text using this
2650 ** DBCONFIG option.<p>
2651 ** This option takes two arguments which are an integer and a pointer
2652 ** to an integer.  The first argument is 1, 0, or -1 to enable, disable, or
2653 ** leave unchanged the ability to use comments in SQL text,
2654 ** respectively.  If the second argument is not NULL, then 0 or 1 is written
2655 ** into the integer that the second argument points to depending on if
2656 ** comments are allowed in SQL text after processing the first argument.
2657 ** </dd>
2658 **
2659 ** [[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_FP_DIGITS]]
2660 ** <dt>SQLITE_DBCONFIG_FP_DIGITS</dt>
2661 ** <dd>The SQLITE_DBCONFIG_FP_DIGITS setting is a small integer that determines
2662 ** the number of significant digits that SQLite will attempt to preserve when
2663 ** converting floating point numbers (IEEE 754 "doubles") into text.  The
2664 ** default value 17, as of SQLite version 3.52.0.  The value was 15 in all
2665 ** prior versions.<p>
2666 ** This option takes two arguments which are an integer and a pointer
2667 ** to an integer.  The first argument is a small integer, between 3 and 23, or
2668 ** zero.  The FP_DIGITS setting is changed to that small integer, or left
2669 ** unaltered if the first argument is zero or out of range. The second argument
2670 ** is a pointer to an integer.  If the pointer is not NULL, then the value of
2671 ** the FP_DIGITS setting, after possibly being modified by the first
2672 ** arguments, is written into the integer to which the second argument points.
2673 ** </dd>
2674 **
2675 ** </dl>
2676 **
2677 ** [[DBCONFIG arguments]] <h3>Arguments To SQLITE_DBCONFIG Options</h3>
2678 **
2679 ** <p>Most of the SQLITE_DBCONFIG options take two arguments, so that the
2680 ** overall call to [sqlite3_db_config()] has a total of four parameters.
2681 ** The first argument (the third parameter to sqlite3_db_config()) is
2682 ** an integer.
2683 ** The second argument is a pointer to an integer. If the first argument is 1,
2684 ** then the option becomes enabled.  If the first integer argument is 0,
2685 ** then the option is disabled.
2686 ** If the first argument is -1, then the option setting
2687 ** is unchanged.  The second argument, the pointer to an integer, may be NULL.
2688 ** If the second argument is not NULL, then a value of 0 or 1 is written into
2689 ** the integer to which the second argument points, depending on whether the
2690 ** setting is disabled or enabled after applying any changes specified by
2691 ** the first argument.
2692 **
2693 ** <p>While most SQLITE_DBCONFIG options use the argument format
2694 ** described in the previous paragraph, the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME],
2695 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE], and [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_FP_DIGITS] options
2696 ** are different.  See the documentation of those exceptional options for
2697 ** details.
2698 */
2699 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAINDBNAME            1000 /* const char* */
2700 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LOOKASIDE             1001 /* void* int int */
2701 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FKEY           1002 /* int int* */
2702 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_TRIGGER        1003 /* int int* */
2703 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_FTS3_TOKENIZER 1004 /* int int* */
2704 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION 1005 /* int int* */
2705 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_NO_CKPT_ON_CLOSE      1006 /* int int* */
2706 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_QPSG           1007 /* int int* */
2707 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRIGGER_EQP           1008 /* int int* */
2708 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_RESET_DATABASE        1009 /* int int* */
2709 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DEFENSIVE             1010 /* int int* */
2710 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_WRITABLE_SCHEMA       1011 /* int int* */
2711 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_ALTER_TABLE    1012 /* int int* */
2712 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DML               1013 /* int int* */
2713 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_DQS_DDL               1014 /* int int* */
2714 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_VIEW           1015 /* int int* */
2715 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_LEGACY_FILE_FORMAT    1016 /* int int* */
2716 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA        1017 /* int int* */
2717 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_STMT_SCANSTATUS       1018 /* int int* */
2718 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_REVERSE_SCANORDER     1019 /* int int* */
2719 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_CREATE  1020 /* int int* */
2720 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_ATTACH_WRITE   1021 /* int int* */
2721 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_COMMENTS       1022 /* int int* */
2722 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_FP_DIGITS             1023 /* int int* */
2723 #define SQLITE_DBCONFIG_MAX                   1023 /* Largest DBCONFIG */
2724 
2725 /*
2726 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes
2727 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2728 **
2729 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
2730 ** [extended result codes] feature of SQLite. ^The extended result
2731 ** codes are disabled by default for historical compatibility.
2732 */
2733 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
2734 
2735 /*
2736 ** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid
2737 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2738 **
2739 ** ^Each entry in most SQLite tables (except for [WITHOUT ROWID] tables)
2740 ** has a unique 64-bit signed
2741 ** integer key called the [ROWID | "rowid"]. ^The rowid is always available
2742 ** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
2743 ** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. ^If
2744 ** the table has a column of type [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] then that column
2745 ** is another alias for the rowid.
2746 **
2747 ** ^The sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) interface usually returns the [rowid] of
2748 ** the most recent successful [INSERT] into a rowid table or [virtual table]
2749 ** on database connection D. ^Inserts into [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are not
2750 ** recorded. ^If no successful [INSERT]s into rowid tables have ever occurred
2751 ** on the database connection D, then sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) returns
2752 ** zero.
2753 **
2754 ** As well as being set automatically as rows are inserted into database
2755 ** tables, the value returned by this function may be set explicitly by
2756 ** [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()]
2757 **
2758 ** Some virtual table implementations may INSERT rows into rowid tables as
2759 ** part of committing a transaction (e.g. to flush data accumulated in memory
2760 ** to disk). In this case subsequent calls to this function return the rowid
2761 ** associated with these internal INSERT operations, which leads to
2762 ** unintuitive results. Virtual table implementations that do write to rowid
2763 ** tables in this way can avoid this problem by restoring the original
2764 ** rowid value using [sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid()] before returning
2765 ** control to the user.
2766 **
2767 ** ^(If an [INSERT] occurs within a trigger then this routine will
2768 ** return the [rowid] of the inserted row as long as the trigger is
2769 ** running. Once the trigger program ends, the value returned
2770 ** by this routine reverts to what it was before the trigger was fired.)^
2771 **
2772 ** ^An [INSERT] that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
2773 ** successful [INSERT] and does not change the value returned by this
2774 ** routine.  ^Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
2775 ** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
2776 ** routine when their insertion fails.  ^(When INSERT OR REPLACE
2777 ** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
2778 ** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
2779 ** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
2780 ** the return value of this interface.)^
2781 **
2782 ** ^For the purposes of this routine, an [INSERT] is considered to
2783 ** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
2784 **
2785 ** This function is accessible to SQL statements via the
2786 ** [last_insert_rowid() SQL function].
2787 **
2788 ** If a separate thread performs a new [INSERT] on the same
2789 ** database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
2790 ** function is running and thus changes the last insert [rowid],
2791 ** then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
2792 ** unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
2793 ** last insert [rowid].
2794 */
2795 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
2796 
2797 /*
2798 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Last Insert Rowid value.
2799 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2800 **
2801 ** The sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(D, R) method allows the application to
2802 ** set the value returned by calling sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(D) to R
2803 ** without inserting a row into the database.
2804 */
2805 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*,sqlite3_int64);
2806 
2807 /*
2808 ** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified
2809 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2810 **
2811 ** ^These functions return the number of rows modified, inserted or
2812 ** deleted by the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE
2813 ** statement on the database connection specified by the only parameter.
2814 ** The two functions are identical except for the type of the return value
2815 ** and that if the number of rows modified by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
2816 ** or DELETE is greater than the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2817 ** the return value of sqlite3_changes() is undefined. ^Executing any other
2818 ** type of SQL statement does not modify the value returned by these functions.
2819 ** For the purposes of this interface, a CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement
2820 ** does not count as an INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement and hence the rows
2821 ** added to the new table by the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement are not
2822 ** counted.
2823 **
2824 ** ^Only changes made directly by the INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement are
2825 ** considered - auxiliary changes caused by [CREATE TRIGGER | triggers],
2826 ** [foreign key actions] or [REPLACE] constraint resolution are not counted.
2827 **
2828 ** Changes to a view that are intercepted by
2829 ** [INSTEAD OF trigger | INSTEAD OF triggers] are not counted. ^The value
2830 ** returned by sqlite3_changes() immediately after an INSERT, UPDATE or
2831 ** DELETE statement run on a view is always zero. Only changes made to real
2832 ** tables are counted.
2833 **
2834 ** Things are more complicated if the sqlite3_changes() function is
2835 ** executed while a trigger program is running. This may happen if the
2836 ** program uses the [changes() SQL function], or if some other callback
2837 ** function invokes sqlite3_changes() directly. Essentially:
2838 **
2839 ** <ul>
2840 **   <li> ^(Before entering a trigger program the value returned by
2841 **        sqlite3_changes() function is saved. After the trigger program
2842 **        has finished, the original value is restored.)^
2843 **
2844 **   <li> ^(Within a trigger program each INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE
2845 **        statement sets the value returned by sqlite3_changes()
2846 **        upon completion as normal. Of course, this value will not include
2847 **        any changes performed by sub-triggers, as the sqlite3_changes()
2848 **        value will be saved and restored after each sub-trigger has run.)^
2849 ** </ul>
2850 **
2851 ** ^This means that if the changes() SQL function (or similar) is used
2852 ** by the first INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within a trigger, it
2853 ** returns the value as set when the calling statement began executing.
2854 ** ^If it is used by the second or subsequent such statement within a trigger
2855 ** program, the value returned reflects the number of rows modified by the
2856 ** previous INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement within the same trigger.
2857 **
2858 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2859 ** while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
2860 ** is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2861 **
2862 ** See also:
2863 ** <ul>
2864 ** <li> the [sqlite3_total_changes()] interface
2865 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2866 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2867 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2868 ** </ul>
2869 */
2870 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
2871 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_changes64(sqlite3*);
2872 
2873 /*
2874 ** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified
2875 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2876 **
2877 ** ^These functions return the total number of rows inserted, modified or
2878 ** deleted by all [INSERT], [UPDATE] or [DELETE] statements completed
2879 ** since the database connection was opened, including those executed as
2880 ** part of trigger programs. The two functions are identical except for the
2881 ** type of the return value and that if the number of rows modified by the
2882 ** connection exceeds the maximum value supported by type "int", then
2883 ** the return value of sqlite3_total_changes() is undefined. ^Executing
2884 ** any other type of SQL statement does not affect the value returned by
2885 ** sqlite3_total_changes().
2886 **
2887 ** ^Changes made as part of [foreign key actions] are included in the
2888 ** count, but those made as part of REPLACE constraint resolution are
2889 ** not. ^Changes to a view that are intercepted by INSTEAD OF triggers
2890 ** are not counted.
2891 **
2892 ** The [sqlite3_total_changes(D)] interface only reports the number
2893 ** of rows that changed due to SQL statement run against database
2894 ** connection D.  Any changes by other database connections are ignored.
2895 ** To detect changes against a database file from other database
2896 ** connections use the [PRAGMA data_version] command or the
2897 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control].
2898 **
2899 ** If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
2900 ** while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value
2901 ** returned is unpredictable and not meaningful.
2902 **
2903 ** See also:
2904 ** <ul>
2905 ** <li> the [sqlite3_changes()] interface
2906 ** <li> the [count_changes pragma]
2907 ** <li> the [changes() SQL function]
2908 ** <li> the [data_version pragma]
2909 ** <li> the [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] [file control]
2910 ** </ul>
2911 */
2912 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
2913 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_total_changes64(sqlite3*);
2914 
2915 /*
2916 ** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query
2917 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2918 **
2919 ** ^This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
2920 ** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
2921 ** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
2922 ** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
2923 ** immediately.
2924 **
2925 ** ^It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
2926 ** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
2927 ** is not safe to call this routine with a [database connection] that
2928 ** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
2929 **
2930 ** ^If an SQL operation is very nearly finished at the time when
2931 ** sqlite3_interrupt() is called, then it might not have an opportunity
2932 ** to be interrupted and might continue to completion.
2933 **
2934 ** ^An SQL operation that is interrupted will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
2935 ** ^If the interrupted SQL operation is an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
2936 ** that is inside an explicit transaction, then the entire transaction
2937 ** will be rolled back automatically.
2938 **
2939 ** ^The sqlite3_interrupt(D) call is in effect until all currently running
2940 ** SQL statements on [database connection] D complete.  ^Any new SQL statements
2941 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call and before the
2942 ** running statement count reaches zero are interrupted as if they had been
2943 ** running prior to the sqlite3_interrupt() call.  ^New SQL statements
2944 ** that are started after the running statement count reaches zero are
2945 ** not effected by the sqlite3_interrupt().
2946 ** ^A call to sqlite3_interrupt(D) that occurs when there are no running
2947 ** SQL statements is a no-op and has no effect on SQL statements
2948 ** that are started after the sqlite3_interrupt() call returns.
2949 **
2950 ** ^The [sqlite3_is_interrupted(D)] interface can be used to determine whether
2951 ** or not an interrupt is currently in effect for [database connection] D.
2952 ** It returns 1 if an interrupt is currently in effect, or 0 otherwise.
2953 */
2954 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
2955 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_is_interrupted(sqlite3*);
2956 
2957 /*
2958 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete
2959 **
2960 ** These routines are useful during command-line input to determine if the
2961 ** currently entered text seems to form a complete SQL statement or
2962 ** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
2963 ** SQLite for parsing.  ^These routines return 1 if the input string
2964 ** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  ^A statement is judged to be
2965 ** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a prefix of a
2966 ** well-formed CREATE TRIGGER statement.  ^Semicolons that are embedded within
2967 ** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
2968 ** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
2969 ** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.  ^Whitespace
2970 ** and comments that follow the final semicolon are ignored.
2971 **
2972 ** ^These routines return 0 if the statement is incomplete.  ^If a
2973 ** memory allocation fails, then SQLITE_NOMEM is returned.
2974 **
2975 ** ^These routines do not parse the SQL statements and thus
2976 ** will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
2977 **
2978 ** ^(If SQLite has not been initialized using [sqlite3_initialize()] prior
2979 ** to invoking sqlite3_complete16() then sqlite3_initialize() is invoked
2980 ** automatically by sqlite3_complete16().  If that initialization fails,
2981 ** then the return value from sqlite3_complete16() will be non-zero
2982 ** regardless of whether or not the input SQL is complete.)^
2983 **
2984 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete()] must be a zero-terminated
2985 ** UTF-8 string.
2986 **
2987 ** The input to [sqlite3_complete16()] must be a zero-terminated
2988 ** UTF-16 string in native byte order.
2989 */
2990 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
2991 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
2992 
2993 /*
2994 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors
2995 ** KEYWORDS: {busy-handler callback} {busy handler}
2996 ** METHOD: sqlite3
2997 **
2998 ** ^The sqlite3_busy_handler(D,X,P) routine sets a callback function X
2999 ** that might be invoked with argument P whenever
3000 ** an attempt is made to access a database table associated with
3001 ** [database connection] D when another thread
3002 ** or process has the table locked.
3003 ** The sqlite3_busy_handler() interface is used to implement
3004 ** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] and [PRAGMA busy_timeout].
3005 **
3006 ** ^If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
3007 ** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.  ^If the busy callback
3008 ** is not NULL, then the callback might be invoked with two arguments.
3009 **
3010 ** ^The first argument to the busy handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
3011 ** is the third argument to sqlite3_busy_handler().  ^The second argument to
3012 ** the busy handler callback is the number of times that the busy handler has
3013 ** been invoked previously for the same locking event.  ^If the
3014 ** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
3015 ** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned
3016 ** to the application.
3017 ** ^If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
3018 ** is made to access the database and the cycle repeats.
3019 **
3020 ** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that it will be invoked
3021 ** when there is lock contention. ^If SQLite determines that invoking the busy
3022 ** handler could result in a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY]
3023 ** to the application instead of invoking the
3024 ** busy handler.
3025 ** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
3026 ** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
3027 ** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
3028 ** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
3029 ** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
3030 ** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
3031 ** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
3032 ** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
3033 ** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
3034 ** the second process to proceed.
3035 **
3036 ** ^The default busy callback is NULL.
3037 **
3038 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler defined for each
3039 ** [database connection].  Setting a new busy handler clears any
3040 ** previously set handler.)^  ^Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()]
3041 ** or evaluating [PRAGMA busy_timeout=N] will change the
3042 ** busy handler and thus clear any previously set busy handler.
3043 **
3044 ** The busy callback should not take any actions which modify the
3045 ** database connection that invoked the busy handler.  In other words,
3046 ** the busy handler is not reentrant.  Any such actions
3047 ** result in undefined behavior.
3048 **
3049 ** A busy handler must not close the database connection
3050 ** or [prepared statement] that invoked the busy handler.
3051 */
3052 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*,int(*)(void*,int),void*);
3053 
3054 /*
3055 ** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout
3056 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3057 **
3058 ** ^This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler] that sleeps
3059 ** for a specified amount of time when a table is locked.  ^The handler
3060 ** will sleep multiple times until at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping
3061 ** have accumulated.  ^After at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping,
3062 ** the handler returns 0 which causes [sqlite3_step()] to return
3063 ** [SQLITE_BUSY].
3064 **
3065 ** ^Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
3066 ** turns off all busy handlers.
3067 **
3068 ** ^(There can only be a single busy handler for a particular
3069 ** [database connection] at any given moment.  If another busy handler
3070 ** was defined  (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
3071 ** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.)^
3072 **
3073 ** See also:  [PRAGMA busy_timeout]
3074 */
3075 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
3076 
3077 /*
3078 ** CAPI3REF: Set the Setlk Timeout
3079 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3080 **
3081 ** This routine is only useful in SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT builds. If
3082 ** the VFS supports blocking locks, it sets the timeout in ms used by
3083 ** eligible locks taken on wal mode databases by the specified database
3084 ** handle. In non-SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT builds, or if the VFS does
3085 ** not support blocking locks, this function is a no-op.
3086 **
3087 ** Passing 0 to this function disables blocking locks altogether. Passing
3088 ** -1 to this function requests that the VFS blocks for a long time -
3089 ** indefinitely if possible. The results of passing any other negative value
3090 ** are undefined.
3091 **
3092 ** Internally, each SQLite database handle stores two timeout values - the
3093 ** busy-timeout (used for rollback mode databases, or if the VFS does not
3094 ** support blocking locks) and the setlk-timeout (used for blocking locks
3095 ** on wal-mode databases). The sqlite3_busy_timeout() method sets both
3096 ** values, this function sets only the setlk-timeout value. Therefore,
3097 ** to configure separate busy-timeout and setlk-timeout values for a single
3098 ** database handle, call sqlite3_busy_timeout() followed by this function.
3099 **
3100 ** Whenever the number of connections to a wal mode database falls from
3101 ** 1 to 0, the last connection takes an exclusive lock on the database,
3102 ** then checkpoints and deletes the wal file. While it is doing this, any
3103 ** new connection that tries to read from the database fails with an
3104 ** SQLITE_BUSY error. Or, if the SQLITE_SETLK_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT flag is
3105 ** passed to this API, the new connection blocks until the exclusive lock
3106 ** has been released.
3107 */
3108 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_setlk_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms, int flags);
3109 
3110 /*
3111 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_setlk_timeout()
3112 */
3113 #define SQLITE_SETLK_BLOCK_ON_CONNECT 0x01
3114 
3115 /*
3116 ** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries
3117 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3118 **
3119 ** This is a legacy interface that is preserved for backwards compatibility.
3120 ** Use of this interface is not recommended.
3121 **
3122 ** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is a memory data structure created by the
3123 ** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
3124 ** complete query results from one or more queries.
3125 **
3126 ** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
3127 ** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
3128 ** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
3129 ** and M be the number of columns.
3130 **
3131 ** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
3132 ** There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  The first M pointers point
3133 ** to zero-terminated strings that  contain the names of the columns.
3134 ** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL values result
3135 ** in NULL pointers.  All other values are in their UTF-8 zero-terminated
3136 ** string representation as returned by [sqlite3_column_text()].
3137 **
3138 ** A result table might consist of one or more memory allocations.
3139 ** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
3140 ** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
3141 **
3142 ** ^(As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
3143 ** is as follows:
3144 **
3145 ** <blockquote><pre>
3146 **        Name        | Age
3147 **        -----------------------
3148 **        Alice       | 43
3149 **        Bob         | 28
3150 **        Cindy       | 21
3151 ** </pre></blockquote>
3152 **
3153 ** There are two columns (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
3154 ** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
3155 ** in an array named azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
3156 **
3157 ** <blockquote><pre>
3158 **        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
3159 **        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
3160 **        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
3161 **        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
3162 **        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
3163 **        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
3164 **        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
3165 **        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
3166 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
3167 **
3168 ** ^The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
3169 ** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
3170 ** string of its 2nd parameter and returns a result table to the
3171 ** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
3172 **
3173 ** After the application has finished with the result from sqlite3_get_table(),
3174 ** it must pass the result table pointer to sqlite3_free_table() in order to
3175 ** release the memory that was malloced.  Because of the way the
3176 ** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
3177 ** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only
3178 ** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
3179 **
3180 ** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
3181 ** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
3182 ** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
3183 ** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
3184 ** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
3185 ** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
3186 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
3187 */
3188 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_table(
3189   sqlite3 *db,          /* An open database */
3190   const char *zSql,     /* SQL to be evaluated */
3191   char ***pazResult,    /* Results of the query */
3192   int *pnRow,           /* Number of result rows written here */
3193   int *pnColumn,        /* Number of result columns written here */
3194   char **pzErrmsg       /* Error msg written here */
3195 );
3196 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
3197 
3198 /*
3199 ** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions
3200 **
3201 ** These routines are work-alikes of the "printf()" family of functions
3202 ** from the standard C library.
3203 ** These routines understand most of the common formatting options from
3204 ** the standard library printf()
3205 ** plus some additional non-standard formats ([%q], [%Q], [%w], and [%z]).
3206 ** See the [built-in printf()] documentation for details.
3207 **
3208 ** ^The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
3209 ** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()].
3210 ** The strings returned by these two routines should be
3211 ** released by [sqlite3_free()].  ^Both routines return a
3212 ** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc64()] is unable to allocate enough
3213 ** memory to hold the resulting string.
3214 **
3215 ** ^(The sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
3216 ** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
3217 ** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
3218 ** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
3219 ** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().)^  This is an
3220 ** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
3221 ** backwards compatibility.  ^(Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
3222 ** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
3223 ** characters actually written into the buffer.)^  We admit that
3224 ** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
3225 ** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
3226 ** now without breaking compatibility.
3227 **
3228 ** ^As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
3229 ** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  ^The first
3230 ** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
3231 ** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
3232 ** written will be n-1 characters.
3233 **
3234 ** ^The sqlite3_vsnprintf() routine is a varargs version of sqlite3_snprintf().
3235 **
3236 ** See also:  [built-in printf()], [printf() SQL function]
3237 */
3238 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
3239 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
3240 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
3241 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_vsnprintf(int,char*,const char*, va_list);
3242 
3243 /*
3244 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem
3245 **
3246 ** The SQLite core uses these three routines for all of its own
3247 ** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
3248 ** does not include operating-system specific [VFS] implementation.  The
3249 ** Windows VFS uses native malloc() and free() for some operations.
3250 **
3251 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
3252 ** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
3253 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
3254 ** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  ^If the parameter N to
3255 ** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
3256 ** a NULL pointer.
3257 **
3258 ** ^The sqlite3_malloc64(N) routine works just like
3259 ** sqlite3_malloc(N) except that N is an unsigned 64-bit integer instead
3260 ** of a signed 32-bit integer.
3261 **
3262 ** ^Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
3263 ** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
3264 ** that it might be reused.  ^The sqlite3_free() routine is
3265 ** a no-op if it is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
3266 ** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
3267 ** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
3268 ** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
3269 ** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
3270 ** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
3271 ** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc().
3272 **
3273 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc(X,N) interface attempts to resize a
3274 ** prior memory allocation X to be at least N bytes.
3275 ** ^If the X parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N)
3276 ** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
3277 ** sqlite3_malloc(N).
3278 ** ^If the N parameter to sqlite3_realloc(X,N) is zero or
3279 ** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
3280 ** sqlite3_free(X).
3281 ** ^sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns a pointer to a memory allocation
3282 ** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if insufficient memory is available.
3283 ** ^If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes of the
3284 ** prior allocation are copied into the beginning of the buffer returned
3285 ** by sqlite3_realloc(X,N) and the prior allocation is freed.
3286 ** ^If sqlite3_realloc(X,N) returns NULL and N is positive, then the
3287 ** prior allocation is not freed.
3288 **
3289 ** ^The sqlite3_realloc64(X,N) interface works the same as
3290 ** sqlite3_realloc(X,N) except that N is a 64-bit unsigned integer instead
3291 ** of a 32-bit signed integer.
3292 **
3293 ** ^If X is a memory allocation previously obtained from sqlite3_malloc(),
3294 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), sqlite3_realloc(), or sqlite3_realloc64(), then
3295 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns the size of that memory allocation in bytes.
3296 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_msize(X) might be larger than the number
3297 ** of bytes requested when X was allocated.  ^If X is a NULL pointer then
3298 ** sqlite3_msize(X) returns zero.  If X points to something that is not
3299 ** the beginning of memory allocation, or if it points to a formerly
3300 ** valid memory allocation that has now been freed, then the behavior
3301 ** of sqlite3_msize(X) is undefined and possibly harmful.
3302 **
3303 ** ^The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc(), sqlite3_realloc(),
3304 ** sqlite3_malloc64(), and sqlite3_realloc64()
3305 ** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary, or to a
3306 ** 4 byte boundary if the [SQLITE_4_BYTE_ALIGNED_MALLOC] compile-time
3307 ** option is used.
3308 **
3309 ** The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
3310 ** must be either NULL or else pointers obtained from a prior
3311 ** invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that have
3312 ** not yet been released.
3313 **
3314 ** The application must not read or write any part of
3315 ** a block of memory after it has been released using
3316 ** [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
3317 */
3318 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
3319 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_malloc64(sqlite3_uint64);
3320 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
3321 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_realloc64(void*, sqlite3_uint64);
3322 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free(void*);
3323 SQLITE_API sqlite3_uint64 sqlite3_msize(void*);
3324 
3325 /*
3326 ** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics
3327 **
3328 ** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
3329 ** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
3330 ** routines, which form the built-in memory allocation subsystem.
3331 **
3332 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the number of bytes
3333 ** of memory currently outstanding (malloced but not freed).
3334 ** ^The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
3335 ** value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] since the high-water mark
3336 ** was last reset.  ^The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
3337 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
3338 ** added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
3339 ** but not overhead added by any underlying system library
3340 ** routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
3341 **
3342 ** ^The memory high-water mark is reset to the current value of
3343 ** [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
3344 ** [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  ^The value returned
3345 ** by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the high-water mark
3346 ** prior to the reset.
3347 */
3348 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
3349 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
3350 
3351 /*
3352 ** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator
3353 **
3354 ** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
3355 ** select random [ROWID | ROWIDs] when inserting new records into a table that
3356 ** already uses the largest possible [ROWID].  The PRNG is also used for
3357 ** the built-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
3358 ** applications to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
3359 **
3360 ** ^A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
3361 ** ^The P parameter can be a NULL pointer.
3362 **
3363 ** ^If this routine has not been previously called or if the previous
3364 ** call had N less than one or a NULL pointer for P, then the PRNG is
3365 ** seeded using randomness obtained from the xRandomness method of
3366 ** the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
3367 ** ^If the previous call to this routine had an N of 1 or more and a
3368 ** non-NULL P then the pseudo-randomness is generated
3369 ** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
3370 ** method.
3371 */
3372 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
3373 
3374 /*
3375 ** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks
3376 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3377 ** KEYWORDS: {authorizer callback}
3378 **
3379 ** ^This routine registers an authorizer callback with a particular
3380 ** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
3381 ** ^The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
3382 ** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
3383 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
3384 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].  ^At various
3385 ** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
3386 ** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
3387 ** see if those actions are allowed.  ^The authorizer callback should
3388 ** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
3389 ** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
3390 ** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
3391 ** rejected with an error.  ^If the authorizer callback returns
3392 ** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
3393 ** then the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
3394 ** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
3395 **
3396 ** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
3397 ** requested is ok.  ^When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
3398 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
3399 ** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
3400 ** access is denied.
3401 **
3402 ** ^The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of the third
3403 ** parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface. ^The second parameter
3404 ** to the callback is an integer [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies
3405 ** the particular action to be authorized. ^The third through sixth parameters
3406 ** to the callback are either NULL pointers or zero-terminated strings
3407 ** that contain additional details about the action to be authorized.
3408 ** Applications must always be prepared to encounter a NULL pointer in any
3409 ** of the third through the sixth parameters of the authorization callback.
3410 **
3411 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_READ]
3412 ** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
3413 ** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
3414 ** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
3415 ** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
3416 ** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
3417 ** columns of a table.
3418 ** ^When a table is referenced by a [SELECT] but no column values are
3419 ** extracted from that table (for example in a query like
3420 ** "SELECT count(*) FROM tab") then the [SQLITE_READ] authorizer callback
3421 ** is invoked once for that table with a column name that is an empty string.
3422 ** ^If the action code is [SQLITE_DELETE] and the callback returns
3423 ** [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the [DELETE] operation proceeds but the
3424 ** [truncate optimization] is disabled and all rows are deleted individually.
3425 **
3426 ** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
3427 ** SQL statements from an untrusted source, to ensure that the SQL statements
3428 ** do not try to access data they are not allowed to see, or that they do not
3429 ** try to execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
3430 ** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
3431 ** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
3432 ** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
3433 ** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
3434 ** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
3435 ** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
3436 **
3437 ** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
3438 ** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
3439 ** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
3440 ** in addition to using an authorizer.
3441 **
3442 ** ^(Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
3443 ** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
3444 ** previous call.)^  ^Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
3445 ** The authorizer is disabled by default.
3446 **
3447 ** The authorizer callback must not do anything that will modify
3448 ** the database connection that invoked the authorizer callback.
3449 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3450 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3451 **
3452 ** ^When [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] is used to prepare a statement, the
3453 ** statement might be re-prepared during [sqlite3_step()] due to a
3454 ** schema change.  Hence, the application should ensure that the
3455 ** correct authorizer callback remains in place during the [sqlite3_step()].
3456 **
3457 ** ^Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during
3458 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
3459 ** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()], unless
3460 ** as stated in the previous paragraph, sqlite3_step() invokes
3461 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() to reprepare a statement after a schema change.
3462 */
3463 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
3464   sqlite3*,
3465   int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
3466   void *pUserData
3467 );
3468 
3469 /*
3470 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes
3471 **
3472 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
3473 ** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
3474 ** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
3475 ** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
3476 ** information.
3477 **
3478 ** Note that SQLITE_IGNORE is also used as a [conflict resolution mode]
3479 ** returned from the [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] interface.
3480 */
3481 #define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
3482 #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
3483 
3484 /*
3485 ** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes
3486 **
3487 ** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
3488 ** that is invoked to authorize certain SQL statement actions.  The
3489 ** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
3490 ** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
3491 ** the authorizer callback may be passed.
3492 **
3493 ** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be
3494 ** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
3495 ** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
3496 ** codes is used as the second parameter.  ^(The 5th parameter to the
3497 ** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp",
3498 ** etc.) if applicable.)^  ^The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
3499 ** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
3500 ** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from
3501 ** top-level SQL code.
3502 */
3503 /******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
3504 #define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3505 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3506 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3507 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3508 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3509 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
3510 #define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3511 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
3512 #define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3513 #define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3514 #define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3515 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
3516 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3517 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3518 #define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
3519 #define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
3520 #define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
3521 #define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3522 #define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
3523 #define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3524 #define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
3525 #define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* Operation       NULL            */
3526 #define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
3527 #define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
3528 #define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
3529 #define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
3530 #define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
3531 #define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
3532 #define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3533 #define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
3534 #define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* NULL            Function Name   */
3535 #define SQLITE_SAVEPOINT            32   /* Operation       Savepoint Name  */
3536 #define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
3537 #define SQLITE_RECURSIVE            33   /* NULL            NULL            */
3538 
3539 /*
3540 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Tracing And Profiling Functions
3541 ** DEPRECATED
3542 **
3543 ** These routines are deprecated. Use the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] interface
3544 ** instead of the routines described here.
3545 **
3546 ** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
3547 ** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
3548 **
3549 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
3550 ** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
3551 ** ^The sqlite3_trace() callback is invoked with a UTF-8 rendering of the
3552 ** SQL statement text as the statement first begins executing.
3553 ** ^(Additional sqlite3_trace() callbacks might occur
3554 ** as each triggered subprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
3555 ** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.)^
3556 **
3557 ** The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option can be used to limit
3558 ** the length of [bound parameter] expansion in the output of sqlite3_trace().
3559 **
3560 ** ^The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
3561 ** as each SQL statement finishes.  ^The profile callback contains
3562 ** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
3563 ** of how long that statement took to run.  ^The profile callback
3564 ** time is in units of nanoseconds, however the current implementation
3565 ** is only capable of millisecond resolution so the six least significant
3566 ** digits in the time are meaningless.  Future versions of SQLite
3567 ** might provide greater resolution on the profiler callback.  Invoking
3568 ** either [sqlite3_trace()] or [sqlite3_trace_v2()] will cancel the
3569 ** profile callback.
3570 */
3571 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*,
3572    void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
3573 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
3574    void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
3575 
3576 /*
3577 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Event Codes
3578 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TRACE
3579 **
3580 ** These constants identify classes of events that can be monitored
3581 ** using the [sqlite3_trace_v2()] tracing logic.  The M argument
3582 ** to [sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)] is an OR-ed combination of one or more of
3583 ** the following constants.  ^The first argument to the trace callback
3584 ** is one of the following constants.
3585 **
3586 ** New tracing constants may be added in future releases.
3587 **
3588 ** ^A trace callback has four arguments: xCallback(T,C,P,X).
3589 ** ^The T argument is one of the integer type codes above.
3590 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer passed in as the
3591 ** fourth argument to [sqlite3_trace_v2()].
3592 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3593 **
3594 ** <dl>
3595 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_STMT]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_STMT</dt>
3596 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_STMT callback is invoked when a prepared statement
3597 ** first begins running and possibly at other times during the
3598 ** execution of the prepared statement, such as at the start of each
3599 ** trigger subprogram. ^The P argument is a pointer to the
3600 ** [prepared statement]. ^The X argument is a pointer to a string which
3601 ** is the unexpanded SQL text of the prepared statement or an SQL comment
3602 ** that indicates the invocation of a trigger.  ^The callback can compute
3603 ** the same text that would have been returned by the legacy [sqlite3_trace()]
3604 ** interface by using the X argument when X begins with "--" and invoking
3605 ** [sqlite3_expanded_sql(P)] otherwise.
3606 **
3607 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE</dt>
3608 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback provides approximately the same
3609 ** information as is provided by the [sqlite3_profile()] callback.
3610 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3611 ** X argument points to a 64-bit integer which is approximately
3612 ** the number of nanoseconds that the prepared statement took to run.
3613 ** ^The SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE callback is invoked when the statement finishes.
3614 **
3615 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_ROW]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_ROW</dt>
3616 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_ROW callback is invoked whenever a prepared
3617 ** statement generates a single row of result.
3618 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [prepared statement] and the
3619 ** X argument is unused.
3620 **
3621 ** [[SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE]] <dt>SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE</dt>
3622 ** <dd>^An SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE callback is invoked when a database
3623 ** connection closes.
3624 ** ^The P argument is a pointer to the [database connection] object
3625 ** and the X argument is unused.
3626 ** </dl>
3627 */
3628 #define SQLITE_TRACE_STMT       0x01
3629 #define SQLITE_TRACE_PROFILE    0x02
3630 #define SQLITE_TRACE_ROW        0x04
3631 #define SQLITE_TRACE_CLOSE      0x08
3632 
3633 /*
3634 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Trace Hook
3635 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3636 **
3637 ** ^The sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) interface registers a trace callback
3638 ** function X against [database connection] D, using property mask M
3639 ** and context pointer P.  ^If the X callback is
3640 ** NULL or if the M mask is zero, then tracing is disabled.  The
3641 ** M argument should be the bitwise OR-ed combination of
3642 ** zero or more [SQLITE_TRACE] constants.
3643 **
3644 ** ^Each call to either sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P)
3645 ** overrides (cancels) all prior calls to sqlite3_trace(D,X,P) or
3646 ** sqlite3_trace_v2(D,M,X,P) for the [database connection] D.  Each
3647 ** database connection may have at most one trace callback.
3648 **
3649 ** ^The X callback is invoked whenever any of the events identified by
3650 ** mask M occur.  ^The integer return value from the callback is currently
3651 ** ignored, though this may change in future releases.  Callback
3652 ** implementations should return zero to ensure future compatibility.
3653 **
3654 ** ^A trace callback is invoked with four arguments: callback(T,C,P,X).
3655 ** ^The T argument is one of the [SQLITE_TRACE]
3656 ** constants to indicate why the callback was invoked.
3657 ** ^The C argument is a copy of the context pointer.
3658 ** The P and X arguments are pointers whose meanings depend on T.
3659 **
3660 ** The sqlite3_trace_v2() interface is intended to replace the legacy
3661 ** interfaces [sqlite3_trace()] and [sqlite3_profile()], both of which
3662 ** are deprecated.
3663 */
3664 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_trace_v2(
3665   sqlite3*,
3666   unsigned uMask,
3667   int(*xCallback)(unsigned,void*,void*,void*),
3668   void *pCtx
3669 );
3670 
3671 /*
3672 ** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks
3673 ** METHOD: sqlite3
3674 **
3675 ** ^The sqlite3_progress_handler(D,N,X,P) interface causes the callback
3676 ** function X to be invoked periodically during long running calls to
3677 ** [sqlite3_step()] and [sqlite3_prepare()] and similar for
3678 ** database connection D.  An example use for this
3679 ** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
3680 **
3681 ** ^The parameter P is passed through as the only parameter to the
3682 ** callback function X.  ^The parameter N is the approximate number of
3683 ** [virtual machine instructions] that are evaluated between successive
3684 ** invocations of the callback X.  ^If N is less than one then the progress
3685 ** handler is disabled.
3686 **
3687 ** ^Only a single progress handler may be defined at one time per
3688 ** [database connection]; setting a new progress handler cancels the
3689 ** old one.  ^Setting parameter X to NULL disables the progress handler.
3690 ** ^The progress handler is also disabled by setting N to a value less
3691 ** than 1.
3692 **
3693 ** ^If the progress callback returns non-zero, the operation is
3694 ** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
3695 ** "Cancel" button on a GUI progress dialog box.
3696 **
3697 ** The progress handler callback must not do anything that will modify
3698 ** the database connection that invoked the progress handler.
3699 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
3700 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
3701 **
3702 ** The progress handler callback would originally only be invoked from the
3703 ** bytecode engine.  It still might be invoked during [sqlite3_prepare()]
3704 ** and similar because those routines might force a reparse of the schema
3705 ** which involves running the bytecode engine.  However, beginning with
3706 ** SQLite version 3.41.0, the progress handler callback might also be
3707 ** invoked directly from [sqlite3_prepare()] while analyzing and generating
3708 ** code for complex queries.
3709 */
3710 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
3711 
3712 /*
3713 ** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection
3714 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3
3715 **
3716 ** ^These routines open an SQLite database file as specified by the
3717 ** filename argument. ^The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8 for
3718 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() and as UTF-16 in the native byte
3719 ** order for sqlite3_open16(). ^(A [database connection] handle is usually
3720 ** returned in *ppDb, even if an error occurs.  The only exception is that
3721 ** if SQLite is unable to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object,
3722 ** a NULL will be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3]
3723 ** object.)^ ^(If the database is opened (and/or created) successfully, then
3724 ** [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an [error code] is returned.)^ ^The
3725 ** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()] routines can be used to obtain
3726 ** an English language description of the error following a failure of any
3727 ** of the sqlite3_open() routines.
3728 **
3729 ** ^The default encoding will be UTF-8 for databases created using
3730 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  ^The default encoding for databases
3731 ** created using sqlite3_open16() will be UTF-16 in the native byte order.
3732 **
3733 ** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
3734 ** associated with the [database connection] handle should be released by
3735 ** passing it to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
3736 **
3737 ** The sqlite3_open_v2() interface works like sqlite3_open()
3738 ** except that it accepts two additional parameters for additional control
3739 ** over the new database connection.  ^(The flags parameter to
3740 ** sqlite3_open_v2() must include, at a minimum, one of the following
3741 ** three flag combinations:)^
3742 **
3743 ** <dl>
3744 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]</dt>
3745 ** <dd>The database is opened in read-only mode.  If the database does
3746 ** not already exist, an error is returned.</dd>)^
3747 **
3748 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]</dt>
3749 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing if possible, or
3750 ** reading only if the file is write protected by the operating
3751 ** system.  In either case the database must already exist, otherwise
3752 ** an error is returned.  For historical reasons, if opening in
3753 ** read-write mode fails due to OS-level permissions, an attempt is
3754 ** made to open it in read-only mode. [sqlite3_db_readonly()] can be
3755 ** used to determine whether the database is actually
3756 ** read-write.</dd>)^
3757 **
3758 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]</dt>
3759 ** <dd>The database is opened for reading and writing, and is created if
3760 ** it does not already exist. This is the behavior that is always used for
3761 ** sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open16().</dd>)^
3762 ** </dl>
3763 **
3764 ** In addition to the required flags, the following optional flags are
3765 ** also supported:
3766 **
3767 ** <dl>
3768 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_URI]</dt>
3769 ** <dd>The filename can be interpreted as a URI if this flag is set.</dd>)^
3770 **
3771 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_MEMORY]</dt>
3772 ** <dd>The database will be opened as an in-memory database.  The database
3773 ** is named by the "filename" argument for the purposes of cache-sharing,
3774 ** if shared cache mode is enabled, but the "filename" is otherwise ignored.
3775 ** </dd>)^
3776 **
3777 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOMUTEX]</dt>
3778 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "multi-thread"
3779 ** [threading mode].)^  This means that separate threads are allowed
3780 ** to use SQLite at the same time, as long as each thread is using
3781 ** a different [database connection].
3782 **
3783 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_FULLMUTEX]</dt>
3784 ** <dd>The new database connection will use the "serialized"
3785 ** [threading mode].)^  This means the multiple threads can safely
3786 ** attempt to use the same database connection at the same time.
3787 ** (Mutexes will block any actual concurrency, but in this mode
3788 ** there is no harm in trying.)
3789 **
3790 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE]</dt>
3791 ** <dd>The database is opened with [shared cache] enabled, overriding
3792 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3793 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3794 ** The [use of shared cache mode is discouraged] and hence shared cache
3795 ** capabilities may be omitted from many builds of SQLite.  In such cases,
3796 ** this option is a no-op.
3797 **
3798 ** ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE]</dt>
3799 ** <dd>The database is opened with [shared cache] disabled, overriding
3800 ** the default shared cache setting provided by
3801 ** [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()].)^
3802 **
3803 ** [[OPEN_EXRESCODE]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_EXRESCODE]</dt>
3804 ** <dd>The database connection comes up in "extended result code mode".
3805 ** In other words, the database behaves as if
3806 ** [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(db,1)] were called on the database
3807 ** connection as soon as the connection is created. In addition to setting
3808 ** the extended result code mode, this flag also causes [sqlite3_open_v2()]
3809 ** to return an extended result code.</dd>
3810 **
3811 ** [[OPEN_NOFOLLOW]] ^(<dt>[SQLITE_OPEN_NOFOLLOW]</dt>
3812 ** <dd>The database filename is not allowed to contain a symbolic link</dd>
3813 ** </dl>)^
3814 **
3815 ** If the 3rd parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is not one of the
3816 ** required combinations shown above optionally combined with other
3817 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY | SQLITE_OPEN_* bits]
3818 ** then the behavior is undefined.  Historic versions of SQLite
3819 ** have silently ignored surplus bits in the flags parameter to
3820 ** sqlite3_open_v2(), however that behavior might not be carried through
3821 ** into future versions of SQLite and so applications should not rely
3822 ** upon it.  Note in particular that the SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE flag is a no-op
3823 ** for sqlite3_open_v2().  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE does *not* cause
3824 ** the open to fail if the database already exists.  The SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE
3825 ** flag is intended for use by the [sqlite3_vfs|VFS interface] only, and not
3826 ** by sqlite3_open_v2().
3827 **
3828 ** ^The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
3829 ** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system interface that
3830 ** the new database connection should use.  ^If the fourth parameter is
3831 ** a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is used.
3832 **
3833 ** ^If the filename is ":memory:", then a private, temporary in-memory database
3834 ** is created for the connection.  ^This in-memory database will vanish when
3835 ** the database connection is closed.  Future versions of SQLite might
3836 ** make use of additional special filenames that begin with the ":" character.
3837 ** It is recommended that when a database filename actually does begin with
3838 ** a ":" character you should prefix the filename with a pathname such as
3839 ** "./" to avoid ambiguity.
3840 **
3841 ** ^If the filename is an empty string, then a private, temporary
3842 ** on-disk database will be created.  ^This private database will be
3843 ** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
3844 **
3845 ** [[URI filenames in sqlite3_open()]] <h3>URI Filenames</h3>
3846 **
3847 ** ^If [URI filename] interpretation is enabled, and the filename argument
3848 ** begins with "file:", then the filename is interpreted as a URI. ^URI
3849 ** filename interpretation is enabled if the [SQLITE_OPEN_URI] flag is
3850 ** set in the third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(), or if it has
3851 ** been enabled globally using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_URI] option with the
3852 ** [sqlite3_config()] method or by the [SQLITE_USE_URI] compile-time option.
3853 ** URI filename interpretation is turned off
3854 ** by default, but future releases of SQLite might enable URI filename
3855 ** interpretation by default.  See "[URI filenames]" for additional
3856 ** information.
3857 **
3858 ** URI filenames are parsed according to RFC 3986. ^If the URI contains an
3859 ** authority, then it must be either an empty string or the string
3860 ** "localhost". ^If the authority is not an empty string or "localhost", an
3861 ** error is returned to the caller. ^The fragment component of a URI, if
3862 ** present, is ignored.
3863 **
3864 ** ^SQLite uses the path component of the URI as the name of the disk file
3865 ** which contains the database. ^If the path begins with a '/' character,
3866 ** then it is interpreted as an absolute path. ^If the path does not begin
3867 ** with a '/' (meaning that the authority section is omitted from the URI)
3868 ** then the path is interpreted as a relative path.
3869 ** ^(On windows, the first component of an absolute path
3870 ** is a drive specification (e.g. "C:").)^
3871 **
3872 ** [[core URI query parameters]]
3873 ** The query component of a URI may contain parameters that are interpreted
3874 ** either by SQLite itself, or by a [VFS | custom VFS implementation].
3875 ** SQLite and its built-in [VFSes] interpret the
3876 ** following query parameters:
3877 **
3878 ** <ul>
3879 **   <li> <b>vfs</b>: ^The "vfs" parameter may be used to specify the name of
3880 **     a VFS object that provides the operating system interface that should
3881 **     be used to access the database file on disk. ^If this option is set to
3882 **     an empty string the default VFS object is used. ^Specifying an unknown
3883 **     VFS is an error. ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the vfs option is
3884 **     present, then the VFS specified by the option takes precedence over
3885 **     the value passed as the fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3886 **
3887 **   <li> <b>mode</b>: ^(The mode parameter may be set to either "ro", "rw",
3888 **     "rwc", or "memory". Attempting to set it to any other value is
3889 **     an error)^.
3890 **     ^If "ro" is specified, then the database is opened for read-only
3891 **     access, just as if the [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] flag had been set in the
3892 **     third argument to sqlite3_open_v2(). ^If the mode option is set to
3893 **     "rw", then the database is opened for read-write (but not create)
3894 **     access, as if SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE (but not SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE) had
3895 **     been set. ^Value "rwc" is equivalent to setting both
3896 **     SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE and SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE.  ^If the mode option is
3897 **     set to "memory" then a pure [in-memory database] that never reads
3898 **     or writes from disk is used. ^It is an error to specify a value for
3899 **     the mode parameter that is less restrictive than that specified by
3900 **     the flags passed in the third parameter to sqlite3_open_v2().
3901 **
3902 **   <li> <b>cache</b>: ^The cache parameter may be set to either "shared" or
3903 **     "private". ^Setting it to "shared" is equivalent to setting the
3904 **     SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE bit in the flags argument passed to
3905 **     sqlite3_open_v2(). ^Setting the cache parameter to "private" is
3906 **     equivalent to setting the SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE bit.
3907 **     ^If sqlite3_open_v2() is used and the "cache" parameter is present in
3908 **     a URI filename, its value overrides any behavior requested by setting
3909 **     SQLITE_OPEN_PRIVATECACHE or SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE flag.
3910 **
3911 **  <li> <b>psow</b>: ^The psow parameter indicates whether or not the
3912 **     [powersafe overwrite] property does or does not apply to the
3913 **     storage media on which the database file resides.
3914 **
3915 **  <li> <b>nolock</b>: ^The nolock parameter is a boolean query parameter
3916 **     which if set disables file locking in rollback journal modes.  This
3917 **     is useful for accessing a database on a filesystem that does not
3918 **     support locking.  Caution:  Database corruption might result if two
3919 **     or more processes write to the same database and any one of those
3920 **     processes uses nolock=1.
3921 **
3922 **  <li> <b>immutable</b>: ^The immutable parameter is a boolean query
3923 **     parameter that indicates that the database file is stored on
3924 **     read-only media.  ^When immutable is set, SQLite assumes that the
3925 **     database file cannot be changed, even by a process with higher
3926 **     privilege, and so the database is opened read-only and all locking
3927 **     and change detection is disabled.  Caution: Setting the immutable
3928 **     property on a database file that does in fact change can result
3929 **     in incorrect query results and/or [SQLITE_CORRUPT] errors.
3930 **     See also: [SQLITE_IOCAP_IMMUTABLE].
3931 **
3932 ** </ul>
3933 **
3934 ** ^Specifying an unknown parameter in the query component of a URI is not an
3935 ** error.  Future versions of SQLite might understand additional query
3936 ** parameters.  See "[query parameters with special meaning to SQLite]" for
3937 ** additional information.
3938 **
3939 ** [[URI filename examples]] <h3>URI filename examples</h3>
3940 **
3941 ** <table border="1" align=center cellpadding=5>
3942 ** <tr><th> URI filenames <th> Results
3943 ** <tr><td> file:data.db <td>
3944 **          Open the file "data.db" in the current directory.
3945 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db<br>
3946 **          file:///home/fred/data.db <br>
3947 **          file://localhost/home/fred/data.db <br> <td>
3948 **          Open the database file "/home/fred/data.db".
3949 ** <tr><td> file://darkstar/home/fred/data.db <td>
3950 **          An error. "darkstar" is not a recognized authority.
3951 ** <tr><td style="white-space:nowrap">
3952 **          file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/fred/Desktop/data.db
3953 **     <td> Windows only: Open the file "data.db" on fred's desktop on drive
3954 **          C:. Note that the %20 escaping in this example is not strictly
3955 **          necessary - space characters can be used literally
3956 **          in URI filenames.
3957 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=ro&cache=private <td>
3958 **          Open file "data.db" in the current directory for read-only access.
3959 **          Regardless of whether or not shared-cache mode is enabled by
3960 **          default, use a private cache.
3961 ** <tr><td> file:/home/fred/data.db?vfs=unix-dotfile <td>
3962 **          Open file "/home/fred/data.db". Use the special VFS "unix-dotfile"
3963 **          that uses dot-files in place of posix advisory locking.
3964 ** <tr><td> file:data.db?mode=readonly <td>
3965 **          An error. "readonly" is not a valid option for the "mode" parameter.
3966 **          Use "ro" instead:  "file:data.db?mode=ro".
3967 ** </table>
3968 **
3969 ** ^URI hexadecimal escape sequences (%HH) are supported within the path and
3970 ** query components of a URI. A hexadecimal escape sequence consists of a
3971 ** percent sign - "%" - followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits
3972 ** specifying an octet value. ^Before the path or query components of a
3973 ** URI filename are interpreted, they are encoded using UTF-8 and all
3974 ** hexadecimal escape sequences replaced by a single byte containing the
3975 ** corresponding octet. If this process generates an invalid UTF-8 encoding,
3976 ** the results are undefined.
3977 **
3978 ** <b>Note to Windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
3979 ** of sqlite3_open() and sqlite3_open_v2() must be UTF-8, not whatever
3980 ** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
3981 ** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
3982 ** sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().
3983 **
3984 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
3985 ** prior to calling sqlite3_open() or sqlite3_open_v2().  Otherwise, various
3986 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.
3987 **
3988 ** See also: [sqlite3_temp_directory]
3989 */
3990 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open(
3991   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
3992   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3993 );
3994 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open16(
3995   const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
3996   sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
3997 );
3998 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_open_v2(
3999   const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
4000   sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
4001   int flags,              /* Flags */
4002   const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
4003 );
4004 
4005 /*
4006 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Values For URI Parameters
4007 **
4008 ** These are utility routines, useful to [VFS|custom VFS implementations],
4009 ** that check if a database file was a URI that contained a specific query
4010 ** parameter, and if so obtains the value of that query parameter.
4011 **
4012 ** The first parameter to these interfaces (hereafter referred to
4013 ** as F) must be one of:
4014 ** <ul>
4015 ** <li> A database filename pointer created by the SQLite core and
4016 ** passed into the xOpen() method of a VFS implementation, or
4017 ** <li> A filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], or
4018 ** <li> A new filename constructed using [sqlite3_create_filename()].
4019 ** </ul>
4020 ** If the F parameter is not one of the above, then the behavior is
4021 ** undefined and probably undesirable.  Older versions of SQLite were
4022 ** more tolerant of invalid F parameters than newer versions.
4023 **
4024 ** If F is a suitable filename (as described in the previous paragraph)
4025 ** and if P is the name of the query parameter, then
4026 ** sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns the value of the P
4027 ** parameter if it exists or a NULL pointer if P does not appear as a
4028 ** query parameter on F.  If P is a query parameter of F and it
4029 ** has no explicit value, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns
4030 ** a pointer to an empty string.
4031 **
4032 ** The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine assumes that P is a boolean
4033 ** parameter and returns true (1) or false (0) according to the value
4034 ** of P.  The sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routine returns true (1) if the
4035 ** value of query parameter P is one of "yes", "true", or "on" in any
4036 ** case or if the value begins with a non-zero number.  The
4037 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) routines returns false (0) if the value of
4038 ** query parameter P is one of "no", "false", or "off" in any case or
4039 ** if the value begins with a numeric zero.  If P is not a query
4040 ** parameter on F or if the value of P does not match any of the
4041 ** above, then sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns (B!=0).
4042 **
4043 ** The sqlite3_uri_int64(F,P,D) routine converts the value of P into a
4044 ** 64-bit signed integer and returns that integer, or D if P does not
4045 ** exist.  If the value of P is something other than an integer, then
4046 ** zero is returned.
4047 **
4048 ** The sqlite3_uri_key(F,N) returns a pointer to the name (not
4049 ** the value) of the N-th query parameter for filename F, or a NULL
4050 ** pointer if N is less than zero or greater than the number of query
4051 ** parameters minus 1.  The N value is zero-based so N should be 0 to obtain
4052 ** the name of the first query parameter, 1 for the second parameter, and
4053 ** so forth.
4054 **
4055 ** If F is a NULL pointer, then sqlite3_uri_parameter(F,P) returns NULL and
4056 ** sqlite3_uri_boolean(F,P,B) returns B.  If F is not a NULL pointer and
4057 ** is not a database file pathname pointer that the SQLite core passed
4058 ** into the xOpen VFS method, then the behavior of this routine is undefined
4059 ** and probably undesirable.
4060 **
4061 ** Beginning with SQLite [version 3.31.0] ([dateof:3.31.0]) the input F
4062 ** parameter can also be the name of a rollback journal file or WAL file
4063 ** in addition to the main database file.  Prior to version 3.31.0, these
4064 ** routines would only work if F was the name of the main database file.
4065 ** When the F parameter is the name of the rollback journal or WAL file,
4066 ** it has access to all the same query parameters as were found on the
4067 ** main database file.
4068 **
4069 ** See the [URI filename] documentation for additional information.
4070 */
4071 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_parameter(sqlite3_filename z, const char *zParam);
4072 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_uri_boolean(sqlite3_filename z, const char *zParam, int bDefault);
4073 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_uri_int64(sqlite3_filename, const char*, sqlite3_int64);
4074 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_uri_key(sqlite3_filename z, int N);
4075 
4076 /*
4077 ** CAPI3REF:  Translate filenames
4078 **
4079 ** These routines are available to [VFS|custom VFS implementations] for
4080 ** translating filenames between the main database file, the journal file,
4081 ** and the WAL file.
4082 **
4083 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
4084 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, then sqlite3_filename_database(F)
4085 ** returns the name of the corresponding database file.
4086 **
4087 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
4088 ** passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database filename
4089 ** obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then sqlite3_filename_journal(F)
4090 ** returns the name of the corresponding rollback journal file.
4091 **
4092 ** If F is the name of an sqlite database file, journal file, or WAL file
4093 ** that was passed by the SQLite core into the VFS, or if F is a database
4094 ** filename obtained from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then
4095 ** sqlite3_filename_wal(F) returns the name of the corresponding
4096 ** WAL file.
4097 **
4098 ** In all of the above, if F is not the name of a database, journal or WAL
4099 ** filename passed into the VFS from the SQLite core and F is not the
4100 ** return value from [sqlite3_db_filename()], then the result is
4101 ** undefined and is likely a memory access violation.
4102 */
4103 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_database(sqlite3_filename);
4104 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_journal(sqlite3_filename);
4105 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_filename_wal(sqlite3_filename);
4106 
4107 /*
4108 ** CAPI3REF:  Database File Corresponding To A Journal
4109 **
4110 ** ^If X is the name of a rollback or WAL-mode journal file that is
4111 ** passed into the xOpen method of [sqlite3_vfs], then
4112 ** sqlite3_database_file_object(X) returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_file]
4113 ** object that represents the main database file.
4114 **
4115 ** This routine is intended for use in custom [VFS] implementations
4116 ** only.  It is not a general-purpose interface.
4117 ** The argument sqlite3_file_object(X) must be a filename pointer that
4118 ** has been passed into [sqlite3_vfs].xOpen method where the
4119 ** flags parameter to xOpen contains one of the bits
4120 ** [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL] or [SQLITE_OPEN_WAL].  Any other use
4121 ** of this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable
4122 ** behavior.
4123 */
4124 SQLITE_API sqlite3_file *sqlite3_database_file_object(const char*);
4125 
4126 /*
4127 ** CAPI3REF: Create and Destroy VFS Filenames
4128 **
4129 ** These interfaces are provided for use by [VFS shim] implementations and
4130 ** are not useful outside of that context.
4131 **
4132 ** The sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) allocates memory to hold a version of
4133 ** database filename D with corresponding journal file J and WAL file W and
4134 ** an array P of N URI Key/Value pairs.  The result from
4135 ** sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) is a pointer to a database filename that
4136 ** is safe to pass to routines like:
4137 ** <ul>
4138 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()],
4139 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()],
4140 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()],
4141 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_key()],
4142 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()],
4143 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()], or
4144 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()].
4145 ** </ul>
4146 ** If a memory allocation error occurs, sqlite3_create_filename() might
4147 ** return a NULL pointer.  The memory obtained from sqlite3_create_filename(X)
4148 ** must be released by a corresponding call to sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
4149 **
4150 ** The P parameter in sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) should be an array
4151 ** of 2*N pointers to strings.  Each pair of pointers in this array corresponds
4152 ** to a key and value for a query parameter.  The P parameter may be a NULL
4153 ** pointer if N is zero.  None of the 2*N pointers in the P array may be
4154 ** NULL pointers and key pointers should not be empty strings.
4155 ** None of the D, J, or W parameters to sqlite3_create_filename(D,J,W,N,P) may
4156 ** be NULL pointers, though they can be empty strings.
4157 **
4158 ** The sqlite3_free_filename(Y) routine releases a memory allocation
4159 ** previously obtained from sqlite3_create_filename().  Invoking
4160 ** sqlite3_free_filename(Y) where Y is a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
4161 **
4162 ** If the Y parameter to sqlite3_free_filename(Y) is anything other
4163 ** than a NULL pointer or a pointer previously acquired from
4164 ** sqlite3_create_filename(), then bad things such as heap
4165 ** corruption or segfaults may occur. The value Y should not be
4166 ** used again after sqlite3_free_filename(Y) has been called.  This means
4167 ** that if the [sqlite3_vfs.xOpen()] method of a VFS has been called using Y,
4168 ** then the corresponding [sqlite3_module.xClose() method should also be
4169 ** invoked prior to calling sqlite3_free_filename(Y).
4170 */
4171 SQLITE_API sqlite3_filename sqlite3_create_filename(
4172   const char *zDatabase,
4173   const char *zJournal,
4174   const char *zWal,
4175   int nParam,
4176   const char **azParam
4177 );
4178 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_free_filename(sqlite3_filename);
4179 
4180 /*
4181 ** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages
4182 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4183 **
4184 ** ^If the most recent sqlite3_* API call associated with
4185 ** [database connection] D failed, then the sqlite3_errcode(D) interface
4186 ** returns the numeric [result code] or [extended result code] for that
4187 ** API call.
4188 ** ^The sqlite3_extended_errcode()
4189 ** interface is the same except that it always returns the
4190 ** [extended result code] even when extended result codes are
4191 ** disabled.
4192 **
4193 ** The values returned by sqlite3_errcode() and/or
4194 ** sqlite3_extended_errcode() might change with each API call.
4195 ** Except, there are some interfaces that are guaranteed to never
4196 ** change the value of the error code.  The error-code preserving
4197 ** interfaces include the following:
4198 **
4199 ** <ul>
4200 ** <li> sqlite3_errcode()
4201 ** <li> sqlite3_extended_errcode()
4202 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg()
4203 ** <li> sqlite3_errmsg16()
4204 ** <li> sqlite3_error_offset()
4205 ** <li> sqlite3_db_handle()
4206 ** </ul>
4207 **
4208 ** ^The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
4209 ** text that describes the error, as either UTF-8 or UTF-16 respectively,
4210 ** or NULL if no error message is available.
4211 ** (See how SQLite handles [invalid UTF] for exceptions to this rule.)
4212 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
4213 ** The application does not need to worry about freeing the result.
4214 ** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
4215 ** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.)^
4216 **
4217 ** ^The sqlite3_errstr(E) interface returns the English-language text
4218 ** that describes the [result code] E, as UTF-8, or NULL if E is not a
4219 ** result code for which a text error message is available.
4220 ** ^(Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally
4221 ** and must not be freed by the application)^.
4222 **
4223 ** ^If the most recent error references a specific token in the input
4224 ** SQL, the sqlite3_error_offset() interface returns the byte offset
4225 ** of the start of that token.  ^The byte offset returned by
4226 ** sqlite3_error_offset() assumes that the input SQL is UTF-8.
4227 ** ^If the most recent error does not reference a specific token in the input
4228 ** SQL, then the sqlite3_error_offset() function returns -1.
4229 **
4230 ** When the serialized [threading mode] is in use, it might be the
4231 ** case that a second error occurs on a separate thread in between
4232 ** the time of the first error and the call to these interfaces.
4233 ** When that happens, the second error will be reported since these
4234 ** interfaces always report the most recent result.  To avoid
4235 ** this, each thread can obtain exclusive use of the [database connection] D
4236 ** by invoking [sqlite3_mutex_enter]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) before beginning
4237 ** to use D and invoking [sqlite3_mutex_leave]([sqlite3_db_mutex](D)) after
4238 ** all calls to the interfaces listed here are completed.
4239 **
4240 ** If an interface fails with SQLITE_MISUSE, that means the interface
4241 ** was invoked incorrectly by the application.  In that case, the
4242 ** error code and message may or may not be set.
4243 */
4244 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
4245 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_extended_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
4246 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
4247 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
4248 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_errstr(int);
4249 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_error_offset(sqlite3 *db);
4250 
4251 /*
4252 ** CAPI3REF: Set Error Code And Message
4253 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4254 **
4255 ** Set the error code of the database handle passed as the first argument
4256 ** to errcode, and the error message to a copy of nul-terminated string
4257 ** zErrMsg. If zErrMsg is passed NULL, then the error message is set to
4258 ** the default message associated with the supplied error code.  Subsequent
4259 ** calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and similar will
4260 ** return the values set by this routine in place of what was previously
4261 ** set by SQLite itself.
4262 **
4263 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if the error code and error message are
4264 ** successfully set, SQLITE_NOMEM if an OOM occurs, and SQLITE_MISUSE if
4265 ** the database handle is NULL or invalid.
4266 **
4267 ** The error code and message set by this routine remains in effect until
4268 ** they are changed, either by another call to this routine or until they are
4269 ** changed to by SQLite itself to reflect the result of some subsquent
4270 ** API call.
4271 **
4272 ** This function is intended for use by SQLite extensions or wrappers.  The
4273 ** idea is that an extension or wrapper can use this routine to set error
4274 ** messages and error codes and thus behave more like a core SQLite
4275 ** feature from the point of view of an application.
4276 */
4277 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_errmsg(sqlite3 *db, int errcode, const char *zErrMsg);
4278 
4279 /*
4280 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Object
4281 ** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
4282 **
4283 ** An instance of this object represents a single SQL statement that
4284 ** has been compiled into binary form and is ready to be evaluated.
4285 **
4286 ** Think of each SQL statement as a separate computer program.  The
4287 ** original SQL text is source code.  A prepared statement object
4288 ** is the compiled object code.  All SQL must be converted into a
4289 ** prepared statement before it can be run.
4290 **
4291 ** The life-cycle of a prepared statement object usually goes like this:
4292 **
4293 ** <ol>
4294 ** <li> Create the prepared statement object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].
4295 ** <li> Bind values to [parameters] using the sqlite3_bind_*()
4296 **      interfaces.
4297 ** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
4298 ** <li> Reset the prepared statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
4299 **      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
4300 ** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
4301 ** </ol>
4302 */
4303 typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
4304 
4305 /*
4306 ** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits
4307 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4308 **
4309 ** ^(This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
4310 ** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
4311 ** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
4312 ** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
4313 ** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
4314 ** new limit for that construct.)^
4315 **
4316 ** ^If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
4317 ** ^(For each limit category SQLITE_LIMIT_<i>NAME</i> there is a
4318 ** [limits | hard upper bound]
4319 ** set at compile-time by a C preprocessor macro called
4320 ** [limits | SQLITE_MAX_<i>NAME</i>].
4321 ** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".))^
4322 ** ^Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
4323 ** silently truncated to the hard upper bound.
4324 **
4325 ** ^Regardless of whether or not the limit was changed, the
4326 ** [sqlite3_limit()] interface returns the prior value of the limit.
4327 ** ^Hence, to find the current value of a limit without changing it,
4328 ** simply invoke this interface with the third parameter set to -1.
4329 **
4330 ** Run-time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
4331 ** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
4332 ** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
4333 ** web browser that has its own databases for storing history and
4334 ** separate databases controlled by JavaScript applications downloaded
4335 ** off the Internet.  The internal databases can be given the
4336 ** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
4337 ** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
4338 ** attack.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
4339 ** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
4340 ** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
4341 ** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
4342 **
4343 ** New run-time limit categories may be added in future releases.
4344 */
4345 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
4346 
4347 /*
4348 ** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories
4349 ** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {*limit categories}
4350 **
4351 ** These constants define various performance limits
4352 ** that can be lowered at run-time using [sqlite3_limit()].
4353 ** A concise description of these limits follows, and additional information
4354 ** is available at [limits | Limits in SQLite].
4355 **
4356 ** <dl>
4357 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
4358 ** <dd>The maximum size of any string or BLOB or table row, in bytes.<dd>)^
4359 **
4360 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
4361 ** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement, in bytes.</dd>)^
4362 **
4363 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
4364 ** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
4365 ** result set of a [SELECT] or the maximum number of columns in an index
4366 ** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>)^
4367 **
4368 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
4369 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>)^
4370 **
4371 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_PARSER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_PARSER_DEPTH</dt>
4372 ** <dd>The maximum depth of the LALR(1) parser stack used to analyze
4373 ** input SQL statements.</dd>)^
4374 **
4375 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
4376 ** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>)^
4377 **
4378 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
4379 ** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
4380 ** used to implement an SQL statement.  If [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
4381 ** the equivalent tries to allocate space for more than this many opcodes
4382 ** in a single prepared statement, an SQLITE_NOMEM error is returned.</dd>)^
4383 **
4384 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
4385 ** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>)^
4386 **
4387 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
4388 ** <dd>The maximum number of [ATTACH | attached databases].)^</dd>
4389 **
4390 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH]]
4391 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
4392 ** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the [LIKE] or
4393 ** [GLOB] operators.</dd>)^
4394 **
4395 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER]]
4396 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
4397 ** <dd>The maximum index number of any [parameter] in an SQL statement.)^
4398 **
4399 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH</dt>
4400 ** <dd>The maximum depth of recursion for triggers.</dd>)^
4401 **
4402 ** [[SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS</dt>
4403 ** <dd>The maximum number of auxiliary worker threads that a single
4404 ** [prepared statement] may start.</dd>)^
4405 ** </dl>
4406 */
4407 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
4408 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
4409 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
4410 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
4411 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
4412 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
4413 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
4414 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
4415 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
4416 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
4417 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_TRIGGER_DEPTH            10
4418 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_WORKER_THREADS           11
4419 #define SQLITE_LIMIT_PARSER_DEPTH             12
4420 
4421 /*
4422 ** CAPI3REF: Prepare Flags
4423 **
4424 ** These constants define various flags that can be passed into the
4425 ** "prepFlags" parameter of the [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and
4426 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] interfaces.
4427 **
4428 ** New flags may be added in future releases of SQLite.
4429 **
4430 ** <dl>
4431 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT</dt>
4432 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT flag is a hint to the query planner
4433 ** that the prepared statement will be retained for a long time and
4434 ** probably reused many times.)^ ^Without this flag, [sqlite3_prepare_v3()]
4435 ** and [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] assume that the prepared statement will
4436 ** be used just once or at most a few times and then destroyed using
4437 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] relatively soon. The current implementation acts
4438 ** on this hint by avoiding the use of [lookaside memory] so as not to
4439 ** deplete the limited store of lookaside memory. Future versions of
4440 ** SQLite may act on this hint differently.
4441 **
4442 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE</dt>
4443 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE flag is a no-op. This flag used
4444 ** to be required for any prepared statement that wanted to use the
4445 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface.  However, the
4446 ** [sqlite3_normalized_sql()] interface is now available to all
4447 ** prepared statements, regardless of whether or not they use this
4448 ** flag.
4449 **
4450 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB</dt>
4451 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB flag causes the SQL compiler
4452 ** to return an error (error code SQLITE_ERROR) if the statement uses
4453 ** any virtual tables.
4454 **
4455 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_DONT_LOG]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_DONT_LOG</dt>
4456 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_DONT_LOG flag prevents SQL compiler
4457 ** errors from being sent to the error log defined by
4458 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG].  This can be used, for example, to do test
4459 ** compiles to see if some SQL syntax is well-formed, without generating
4460 ** messages on the global error log when it is not.  If the test compile
4461 ** fails, the sqlite3_prepare_v3() call returns the same error indications
4462 ** with or without this flag; it just omits the call to [sqlite3_log()] that
4463 ** logs the error.
4464 **
4465 ** [[SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL]] <dt>SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL</dt>
4466 ** <dd>The SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL flag causes the SQL compiler to enforce
4467 ** security constraints that would otherwise only be enforced when parsing
4468 ** the database schema.  In other words, the SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL flag
4469 ** causes the SQL compiler to treat the SQL statement being prepared as if
4470 ** it had come from an attacker.  When SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL is used and
4471 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] is off, SQL functions may only be called
4472 ** if they are tagged with [SQLITE_INNOCUOUS] and virtual tables may only
4473 ** be used if they are tagged with [SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS].  Best practice
4474 ** is to use the SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL option when preparing any SQL that
4475 ** is derived from parts of the database schema. In particular, virtual
4476 ** table implementations that run SQL statements that are derived from
4477 ** arguments to their CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement should always use
4478 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] and set the SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL flag to
4479 ** prevent bypass of the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] security checks.
4480 ** </dl>
4481 */
4482 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT              0x01
4483 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NORMALIZE               0x02
4484 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_NO_VTAB                 0x04
4485 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_DONT_LOG                0x10
4486 #define SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL                0x20
4487 
4488 /*
4489 ** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement
4490 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL statement compiler}
4491 ** METHOD: sqlite3
4492 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
4493 **
4494 ** To execute an SQL statement, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
4495 ** program using one of these routines.  Or, in other words, these routines
4496 ** are constructors for the [prepared statement] object.
4497 **
4498 ** The preferred routine to use is [sqlite3_prepare_v2()].  The
4499 ** [sqlite3_prepare()] interface is legacy and should be avoided.
4500 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] has an extra
4501 ** [SQLITE_PREPARE_FROM_DDL|"prepFlags" option] that is sometimes
4502 ** needed for special purpose or to pass along security restrictions.
4503 **
4504 ** The use of the UTF-8 interfaces is preferred, as SQLite currently
4505 ** does all parsing using UTF-8.  The UTF-16 interfaces are provided
4506 ** as a convenience.  The UTF-16 interfaces work by converting the
4507 ** input text into UTF-8, then invoking the corresponding UTF-8 interface.
4508 **
4509 ** The first argument, "db", is a [database connection] obtained from a
4510 ** prior successful call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()] or
4511 ** [sqlite3_open16()].  The database connection must not have been closed.
4512 **
4513 ** The second argument, "zSql", is the statement to be compiled, encoded
4514 ** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare(), sqlite3_prepare_v2(),
4515 ** and sqlite3_prepare_v3()
4516 ** interfaces use UTF-8, and sqlite3_prepare16(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4517 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() use UTF-16.
4518 **
4519 ** ^If the nByte argument is negative, then zSql is read up to the
4520 ** first zero terminator. ^If nByte is positive, then it is the maximum
4521 ** number of bytes read from zSql.  When nByte is positive, zSql is read
4522 ** up to the first zero terminator or until the nByte bytes have been read,
4523 ** whichever comes first.  ^If nByte is zero, then no prepared
4524 ** statement is generated.
4525 ** If the caller knows that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then
4526 ** there is a small performance advantage to passing an nByte parameter that
4527 ** is the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i>
4528 ** the nul-terminator.
4529 ** Note that nByte measures the length of the input in bytes, not
4530 ** characters, even for the UTF-16 interfaces.
4531 **
4532 ** ^If pzTail is not NULL then *pzTail is made to point to the first byte
4533 ** past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only
4534 ** compile the first statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to
4535 ** what remains uncompiled.
4536 **
4537 ** ^*ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
4538 ** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  ^If there is an error, *ppStmt is set
4539 ** to NULL.  ^If the input text contains no SQL (if the input is an empty
4540 ** string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
4541 ** The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the compiled
4542 ** SQL statement using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
4543 ** ppStmt may not be NULL.
4544 **
4545 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_prepare() family of routines return [SQLITE_OK];
4546 ** otherwise an [error code] is returned.
4547 **
4548 ** The sqlite3_prepare_v2(), sqlite3_prepare_v3(), sqlite3_prepare16_v2(),
4549 ** and sqlite3_prepare16_v3() interfaces are recommended for all new programs.
4550 ** The older interfaces (sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare16())
4551 ** are retained for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
4552 ** ^In the "vX" interfaces, the prepared statement
4553 ** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the
4554 ** original SQL text. This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
4555 ** behave differently in three ways:
4556 **
4557 ** <ol>
4558 ** <li>
4559 ** ^If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
4560 ** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
4561 ** statement and try to run it again. As many as [SQLITE_MAX_SCHEMA_RETRY]
4562 ** retries will occur before sqlite3_step() gives up and returns an error.
4563 ** </li>
4564 **
4565 ** <li>
4566 ** ^When an error occurs, [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed
4567 ** [error codes] or [extended error codes].  ^The legacy behavior was that
4568 ** [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic [SQLITE_ERROR] result code
4569 ** and the application would have to make a second call to [sqlite3_reset()]
4570 ** in order to find the underlying cause of the problem. With the "v2" prepare
4571 ** interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is returned immediately.
4572 ** </li>
4573 **
4574 ** <li>
4575 ** ^If the specific value bound to a [parameter | host parameter] in the
4576 ** WHERE clause might influence the choice of query plan for a statement,
4577 ** then the statement will be automatically recompiled, as if there had been
4578 ** a schema change, on the first [sqlite3_step()] call following any change
4579 ** to the [sqlite3_bind_text | bindings] of that [parameter].
4580 ** ^The specific value of a WHERE-clause [parameter] might influence the
4581 ** choice of query plan if the parameter is the left-hand side of a [LIKE]
4582 ** or [GLOB] operator or if the parameter is compared to an indexed column
4583 ** and the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4] compile-time option is enabled.
4584 ** </li>
4585 ** </ol>
4586 **
4587 ** <p>^sqlite3_prepare_v3() differs from sqlite3_prepare_v2() only in having
4588 ** the extra prepFlags parameter, which is a bit array consisting of zero or
4589 ** more of the [SQLITE_PREPARE_PERSISTENT|SQLITE_PREPARE_*] flags.  ^The
4590 ** sqlite3_prepare_v2() interface works exactly the same as
4591 ** sqlite3_prepare_v3() with a zero prepFlags parameter.
4592 */
4593 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare(
4594   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4595   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4596   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4597   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4598   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4599 );
4600 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
4601   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4602   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4603   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4604   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4605   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4606 );
4607 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare_v3(
4608   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4609   const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
4610   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4611   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4612   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4613   const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4614 );
4615 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16(
4616   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4617   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4618   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4619   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4620   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4621 );
4622 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
4623   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4624   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4625   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4626   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4627   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4628 );
4629 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_prepare16_v3(
4630   sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
4631   const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
4632   int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
4633   unsigned int prepFlags, /* Zero or more SQLITE_PREPARE_ flags */
4634   sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
4635   const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
4636 );
4637 
4638 /*
4639 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieving Statement SQL
4640 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4641 **
4642 ** ^The sqlite3_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a copy of the UTF-8
4643 ** SQL text used to create [prepared statement] P if P was
4644 ** created by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()],
4645 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
4646 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4647 ** string containing the SQL text of prepared statement P with
4648 ** [bound parameters] expanded.
4649 ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql(P) interface returns a pointer to a UTF-8
4650 ** string containing the normalized SQL text of prepared statement P.  The
4651 ** semantics used to normalize a SQL statement are unspecified and subject
4652 ** to change.  At a minimum, literal values will be replaced with suitable
4653 ** placeholders.
4654 **
4655 ** ^(For example, if a prepared statement is created using the SQL
4656 ** text "SELECT $abc,:xyz" and if parameter $abc is bound to integer 2345
4657 ** and parameter :xyz is unbound, then sqlite3_sql() will return
4658 ** the original string, "SELECT $abc,:xyz" but sqlite3_expanded_sql()
4659 ** will return "SELECT 2345,NULL".)^
4660 **
4661 ** ^The sqlite3_expanded_sql() interface returns NULL if insufficient memory
4662 ** is available to hold the result, or if the result would exceed the
4663 ** maximum string length determined by the [SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH].
4664 **
4665 ** ^The [SQLITE_TRACE_SIZE_LIMIT] compile-time option limits the size of
4666 ** bound parameter expansions.  ^The [SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE] compile-time
4667 ** option causes sqlite3_expanded_sql() to always return NULL.
4668 **
4669 ** ^The strings returned by sqlite3_sql(P) and sqlite3_normalized_sql(P)
4670 ** are managed by SQLite and are automatically freed when the prepared
4671 ** statement is finalized.
4672 ** ^The string returned by sqlite3_expanded_sql(P), on the other hand,
4673 ** is obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] and must be freed by the application
4674 ** by passing it to [sqlite3_free()].
4675 **
4676 ** ^The sqlite3_normalized_sql() interface is only available if
4677 ** the [SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE] compile-time option is defined.
4678 */
4679 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4680 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_expanded_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4681 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_NORMALIZE
4682 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_normalized_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4683 #endif
4684 
4685 /*
4686 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Writes The Database
4687 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4688 **
4689 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) interface returns true (non-zero) if
4690 ** and only if the [prepared statement] X makes no direct changes to
4691 ** the content of the database file.
4692 **
4693 ** Note that [application-defined SQL functions] or
4694 ** [virtual tables] might change the database indirectly as a side effect.
4695 ** ^(For example, if an application defines a function "eval()" that
4696 ** calls [sqlite3_exec()], then the following SQL statement would
4697 ** change the database file through side-effects:
4698 **
4699 ** <blockquote><pre>
4700 **    SELECT eval('DELETE FROM t1') FROM t2;
4701 ** </pre></blockquote>
4702 **
4703 ** But because the [SELECT] statement does not change the database file
4704 ** directly, sqlite3_stmt_readonly() would still return true.)^
4705 **
4706 ** ^Transaction control statements such as [BEGIN], [COMMIT], [ROLLBACK],
4707 ** [SAVEPOINT], and [RELEASE] cause sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true,
4708 ** since the statements themselves do not actually modify the database but
4709 ** rather they control the timing of when other statements modify the
4710 ** database.  ^The [ATTACH] and [DETACH] statements also cause
4711 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() to return true since, while those statements
4712 ** change the configuration of a database connection, they do not make
4713 ** changes to the content of the database files on disk.
4714 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_readonly() interface returns true for [BEGIN] since
4715 ** [BEGIN] merely sets internal flags, but the [BEGIN|BEGIN IMMEDIATE] and
4716 ** [BEGIN|BEGIN EXCLUSIVE] commands do touch the database and so
4717 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() returns false for those commands.
4718 **
4719 ** ^This routine returns false if there is any possibility that the
4720 ** statement might change the database file.  ^A false return does
4721 ** not guarantee that the statement will change the database file.
4722 ** ^For example, an UPDATE statement might have a WHERE clause that
4723 ** makes it a no-op, but the sqlite3_stmt_readonly() result would still
4724 ** be false.  ^Similarly, a CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS statement is a
4725 ** read-only no-op if the table already exists, but
4726 ** sqlite3_stmt_readonly() still returns false for such a statement.
4727 **
4728 ** ^If prepared statement X is an [EXPLAIN] or [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
4729 ** statement, then sqlite3_stmt_readonly(X) returns the same value as
4730 ** if the EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN prefix were omitted.
4731 */
4732 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_readonly(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4733 
4734 /*
4735 ** CAPI3REF: Query The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4736 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4737 **
4738 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 1 if the
4739 ** prepared statement S is an EXPLAIN statement, or 2 if the
4740 ** statement S is an EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN.
4741 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(S) interface returns 0 if S is
4742 ** an ordinary statement or a NULL pointer.
4743 */
4744 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_isexplain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
4745 
4746 /*
4747 ** CAPI3REF: Change The EXPLAIN Setting For A Prepared Statement
4748 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4749 **
4750 ** The sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) interface changes the EXPLAIN
4751 ** setting for [prepared statement] S.  If E is zero, then S becomes
4752 ** a normal prepared statement.  If E is 1, then S behaves as if
4753 ** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN]".  If E is 2, then S behaves as if
4754 ** its SQL text began with "[EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]".
4755 **
4756 ** Calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) might cause S to be reprepared.
4757 ** SQLite tries to avoid a reprepare, but a reprepare might be necessary
4758 ** on the first transition into EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN mode.
4759 **
4760 ** Because of the potential need to reprepare, a call to
4761 ** sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E) will fail with SQLITE_ERROR if S cannot be
4762 ** reprepared because it was created using [sqlite3_prepare()] instead of
4763 ** the newer [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] interfaces and
4764 ** hence has no saved SQL text with which to reprepare.
4765 **
4766 ** Changing the explain setting for a prepared statement does not change
4767 ** the original SQL text for the statement.  Hence, if the SQL text originally
4768 ** began with EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN, but sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,0)
4769 ** is called to convert the statement into an ordinary statement, the EXPLAIN
4770 ** or EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN keywords will still appear in the sqlite3_sql(S)
4771 ** output, even though the statement now acts like a normal SQL statement.
4772 **
4773 ** This routine returns SQLITE_OK if the explain mode is successfully
4774 ** changed, or an error code if the explain mode could not be changed.
4775 ** The explain mode cannot be changed while a statement is active.
4776 ** Hence, it is good practice to call [sqlite3_reset(S)]
4777 ** immediately prior to calling sqlite3_stmt_explain(S,E).
4778 */
4779 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_explain(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt, int eMode);
4780 
4781 /*
4782 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If A Prepared Statement Has Been Reset
4783 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4784 **
4785 ** ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S) interface returns true (non-zero) if the
4786 ** [prepared statement] S has been stepped at least once using
4787 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] but has neither run to completion (returned
4788 ** [SQLITE_DONE] from [sqlite3_step(S)]) nor
4789 ** been reset using [sqlite3_reset(S)].  ^The sqlite3_stmt_busy(S)
4790 ** interface returns false if S is a NULL pointer.  If S is not a
4791 ** NULL pointer and is not a pointer to a valid [prepared statement]
4792 ** object, then the behavior is undefined and probably undesirable.
4793 **
4794 ** This interface can be used in combination [sqlite3_next_stmt()]
4795 ** to locate all prepared statements associated with a database
4796 ** connection that are in need of being reset.  This can be used,
4797 ** for example, in diagnostic routines to search for prepared
4798 ** statements that are holding a transaction open.
4799 */
4800 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_busy(sqlite3_stmt*);
4801 
4802 /*
4803 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamically Typed Value Object
4804 ** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
4805 **
4806 ** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
4807 ** that can be stored in a database table. SQLite uses dynamic typing
4808 ** for the values it stores.  ^Values stored in sqlite3_value objects
4809 ** can be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
4810 **
4811 ** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
4812 ** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
4813 ** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4814 ** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies
4815 ** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.  The
4816 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()] interface can be used to construct a new
4817 ** protected sqlite3_value from an unprotected sqlite3_value.
4818 **
4819 ** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
4820 ** a mutex is held.  An internal mutex is held for a protected
4821 ** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
4822 ** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
4823 ** (with [SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0] and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
4824 ** or if SQLite is run in one of reduced mutex modes
4825 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_SINGLETHREAD] or [SQLITE_CONFIG_MULTITHREAD]
4826 ** then there is no distinction between protected and unprotected
4827 ** sqlite3_value objects and they can be used interchangeably.  However,
4828 ** for maximum code portability it is recommended that applications
4829 ** still make the distinction between protected and unprotected
4830 ** sqlite3_value objects even when not strictly required.
4831 **
4832 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
4833 ** implementation of [application-defined SQL functions] are protected.
4834 ** ^The sqlite3_value objects returned by [sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value()]
4835 ** are protected.
4836 ** ^The sqlite3_value object returned by
4837 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
4838 ** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used as arguments
4839 ** to [sqlite3_result_value()], [sqlite3_bind_value()], and
4840 ** [sqlite3_value_dup()].
4841 ** The [sqlite3_value_blob | sqlite3_value_type()] family of
4842 ** interfaces require protected sqlite3_value objects.
4843 */
4844 typedef struct sqlite3_value sqlite3_value;
4845 
4846 /*
4847 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Function Context Object
4848 **
4849 ** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
4850 ** sqlite3_context object.  ^A pointer to an sqlite3_context object
4851 ** is always the first parameter to [application-defined SQL functions].
4852 ** The application-defined SQL function implementation will pass this
4853 ** pointer through into calls to [sqlite3_result_int | sqlite3_result()],
4854 ** [sqlite3_aggregate_context()], [sqlite3_user_data()],
4855 ** [sqlite3_context_db_handle()], [sqlite3_get_auxdata()],
4856 ** and/or [sqlite3_set_auxdata()].
4857 */
4858 typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
4859 
4860 /*
4861 ** CAPI3REF: Binding Values To Prepared Statements
4862 ** KEYWORDS: {host parameter} {host parameters} {host parameter name}
4863 ** KEYWORDS: {SQL parameter} {SQL parameters} {parameter binding}
4864 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
4865 **
4866 ** ^(In the SQL statement text input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its variants,
4867 ** literals may be replaced by a [parameter] that matches one of the following
4868 ** templates:
4869 **
4870 ** <ul>
4871 ** <li>  ?
4872 ** <li>  ?NNN
4873 ** <li>  :VVV
4874 ** <li>  @VVV
4875 ** <li>  $VVV
4876 ** </ul>
4877 **
4878 ** In the templates above, NNN represents an integer literal,
4879 ** and VVV represents an alphanumeric identifier.)^  ^The values of these
4880 ** parameters (also called "host parameter names" or "SQL parameters")
4881 ** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
4882 **
4883 ** ^The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines is always
4884 ** a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
4885 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants.
4886 **
4887 ** ^The second argument is the index of the SQL parameter to be set.
4888 ** ^The leftmost SQL parameter has an index of 1.  ^When the same named
4889 ** SQL parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
4890 ** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence.
4891 ** ^The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
4892 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()] API if desired.  ^The index
4893 ** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
4894 ** ^The NNN value must be between 1 and the [sqlite3_limit()]
4895 ** parameter [SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER] (default value: 32766).
4896 **
4897 ** ^The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
4898 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4899 ** or sqlite3_bind_blob() is a NULL pointer then the fourth parameter
4900 ** is ignored and the end result is the same as sqlite3_bind_null().
4901 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() is not NULL, then
4902 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF8 text.
4903 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text16() is not NULL, then
4904 ** it should be a pointer to well-formed UTF16 text.
4905 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_bind_text64() is not NULL, then
4906 ** it should be a pointer to a well-formed unicode string that is
4907 ** either UTF8 if the sixth parameter is SQLITE_UTF8 or SQLITE_UTF8_ZT,
4908 ** or UTF16 otherwise.
4909 **
4910 ** [[byte-order determination rules]] ^The byte-order of
4911 ** UTF16 input text is determined by the byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF)
4912 ** found in the first character, which is removed, or in the absence of a BOM
4913 ** the byte order is the native byte order of the host
4914 ** machine for sqlite3_bind_text16() or the byte order specified in
4915 ** the 6th parameter for sqlite3_bind_text64().)^
4916 ** ^If UTF16 input text contains invalid unicode
4917 ** characters, then SQLite might change those invalid characters
4918 ** into the unicode replacement character: U+FFFD.
4919 **
4920 ** ^(In those routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the
4921 ** number of bytes in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the
4922 ** number of <u>bytes</u> in the value, not the number of characters.)^
4923 ** ^If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_text() or sqlite3_bind_text16()
4924 ** is negative, then the length of the string is
4925 ** the number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
4926 ** If the fourth parameter to sqlite3_bind_blob() is negative, then
4927 ** the behavior is undefined.
4928 ** If a non-negative fourth parameter is provided to sqlite3_bind_text()
4929 ** or sqlite3_bind_text16() or sqlite3_bind_text64() then
4930 ** that parameter must be the byte offset
4931 ** where the NUL terminator would occur assuming the string were NUL
4932 ** terminated.  If any NUL characters occur at byte offsets less than
4933 ** the value of the fourth parameter then the resulting string value will
4934 ** contain embedded NULs.  The result of expressions involving strings
4935 ** with embedded NULs is undefined.
4936 **
4937 ** ^The fifth argument to the BLOB and string binding interfaces controls
4938 ** or indicates the lifetime of the object referenced by the third parameter.
4939 ** These three options exist:
4940 ** ^ (1) A destructor to dispose of the BLOB or string after SQLite has finished
4941 ** with it may be passed. ^It is called to dispose of the BLOB or string even
4942 ** if the call to the bind API fails, except the destructor is not called if
4943 ** the third parameter is a NULL pointer or the fourth parameter is negative.
4944 ** ^ (2) The special constant, [SQLITE_STATIC], may be passed to indicate that
4945 ** the application remains responsible for disposing of the object. ^In this
4946 ** case, the object and the provided pointer to it must remain valid until
4947 ** either the prepared statement is finalized or the same SQL parameter is
4948 ** bound to something else, whichever occurs sooner.
4949 ** ^ (3) The constant, [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], may be passed to indicate that the
4950 ** object is to be copied prior to the return from sqlite3_bind_*(). ^The
4951 ** object and pointer to it must remain valid until then. ^SQLite will then
4952 ** manage the lifetime of its private copy.
4953 **
4954 ** ^The sixth argument (the E argument)
4955 ** to sqlite3_bind_text64(S,K,Z,N,D,E) must be one of
4956 ** [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF8_ZT], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
4957 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE] to specify the encoding of the text in the
4958 ** third parameter, Z.  The special value [SQLITE_UTF8_ZT] means that the
4959 ** string argument is both UTF-8 encoded and is zero-terminated.  In other
4960 ** words, SQLITE_UTF8_ZT means that the Z array is allocated to hold at
4961 ** least N+1 bytes and that the Z&#91;N&#93; byte is zero.  If
4962 ** the E argument to sqlite3_bind_text64(S,K,Z,N,D,E) is not one of the
4963 ** allowed values shown above, or if the text encoding is different
4964 ** from the encoding specified by the sixth parameter, then the behavior
4965 ** is undefined.
4966 **
4967 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
4968 ** is filled with zeroes.  ^A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
4969 ** (just an integer to hold its size) while it is being processed.
4970 ** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as placeholders for BLOBs whose
4971 ** content is later written using
4972 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] routines.
4973 ** ^A negative value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
4974 **
4975 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,T,D) routine causes the I-th parameter in
4976 ** [prepared statement] S to have an SQL value of NULL, but to also be
4977 ** associated with the pointer P of type T.  ^D is either a NULL pointer or
4978 ** a pointer to a destructor function for P. ^SQLite will invoke the
4979 ** destructor D with a single argument of P when it is finished using
4980 ** P, even if the call to sqlite3_bind_pointer() fails.  Due to a
4981 ** historical design quirk, results are undefined if D is
4982 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT. The T parameter should be a static string,
4983 ** preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_bind_pointer() routine is
4984 ** part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
4985 **
4986 ** ^If any of the sqlite3_bind_*() routines are called with a NULL pointer
4987 ** for the [prepared statement] or with a prepared statement for which
4988 ** [sqlite3_step()] has been called more recently than [sqlite3_reset()],
4989 ** then the call will return [SQLITE_MISUSE].  If any sqlite3_bind_()
4990 ** routine is passed a [prepared statement] that has been finalized, the
4991 ** result is undefined and probably harmful.
4992 **
4993 ** ^Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
4994 ** ^Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
4995 **
4996 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_* routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an
4997 ** [error code] if anything goes wrong.
4998 ** ^[SQLITE_TOOBIG] might be returned if the size of a string or BLOB
4999 ** exceeds limits imposed by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) or
5000 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
5001 ** ^[SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
5002 ** index is out of range.  ^[SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc() fails.
5003 **
5004 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
5005 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
5006 */
5007 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
5008 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_blob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, sqlite3_uint64,
5009                         void(*)(void*));
5010 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
5011 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
5012 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
5013 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
5014 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*,int,const char*,int,void(*)(void*));
5015 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
5016 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_text64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, sqlite3_uint64,
5017                          void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
5018 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
5019 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_pointer(sqlite3_stmt*, int, void*, const char*,void(*)(void*));
5020 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
5021 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_uint64);
5022 
5023 /*
5024 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters
5025 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5026 **
5027 ** ^This routine can be used to find the number of [SQL parameters]
5028 ** in a [prepared statement].  SQL parameters are tokens of the
5029 ** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
5030 ** placeholders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
5031 ** to the parameters at a later time.
5032 **
5033 ** ^(This routine actually returns the index of the largest (rightmost)
5034 ** parameter. For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the
5035 ** number of unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN form are used,
5036 ** there may be gaps in the list.)^
5037 **
5038 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
5039 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
5040 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
5041 */
5042 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
5043 
5044 /*
5045 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter
5046 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5047 **
5048 ** ^The sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(P,N) interface returns
5049 ** the name of the N-th [SQL parameter] in the [prepared statement] P.
5050 ** ^(SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
5051 ** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
5052 ** respectively.
5053 ** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
5054 ** is included as part of the name.)^
5055 ** ^Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name
5056 ** and are referred to as "nameless" or "anonymous parameters".
5057 **
5058 ** ^The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
5059 **
5060 ** ^If the value N is out of range or if the N-th parameter is
5061 ** nameless, then NULL is returned.  ^The returned string is
5062 ** always in UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
5063 ** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()],
5064 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()], or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
5065 **
5066 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
5067 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
5068 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
5069 */
5070 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
5071 
5072 /*
5073 ** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name
5074 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5075 **
5076 ** ^Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  ^The
5077 ** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
5078 ** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  ^A zero
5079 ** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  ^The parameter
5080 ** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
5081 ** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or
5082 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()].
5083 **
5084 ** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
5085 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
5086 ** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()].
5087 */
5088 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
5089 
5090 /*
5091 ** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement
5092 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5093 **
5094 ** ^Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not reset
5095 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a [prepared statement].
5096 ** ^Use this routine to reset all host parameters to NULL.
5097 */
5098 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
5099 
5100 /*
5101 ** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set
5102 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5103 **
5104 ** ^Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the
5105 ** [prepared statement]. ^If this routine returns 0, that means the
5106 ** [prepared statement] returns no data (for example an [UPDATE]).
5107 ** ^However, just because this routine returns a positive number does not
5108 ** mean that one or more rows of data will be returned.  ^A SELECT statement
5109 ** will always have a positive sqlite3_column_count() but depending on the
5110 ** WHERE clause constraints and the table content, it might return no rows.
5111 **
5112 ** See also: [sqlite3_data_count()]
5113 */
5114 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5115 
5116 /*
5117 ** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set
5118 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5119 **
5120 ** ^These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
5121 ** in the result set of a [SELECT] statement.  ^The sqlite3_column_name()
5122 ** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string
5123 ** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
5124 ** UTF-16 string.  ^The first parameter is the [prepared statement]
5125 ** that implements the [SELECT] statement. ^The second parameter is the
5126 ** column number.  ^The leftmost column is number 0.
5127 **
5128 ** ^The returned string pointer is valid until either the [prepared statement]
5129 ** is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
5130 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
5131 ** or until the next call to
5132 ** sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16() on the same column.
5133 **
5134 ** ^If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
5135 ** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
5136 ** NULL pointer is returned.
5137 **
5138 ** ^The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
5139 ** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
5140 ** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
5141 ** one release of SQLite to the next.
5142 */
5143 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
5144 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
5145 
5146 /*
5147 ** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result
5148 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5149 **
5150 ** ^These routines provide a means to determine the database, table, and
5151 ** table column that is the origin of a particular result column in a
5152 ** [SELECT] statement.
5153 ** ^The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
5154 ** either a UTF-8 or UTF-16 string.  ^The _database_ routines return
5155 ** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
5156 ** the origin_ routines return the column name.
5157 ** ^The returned string is valid until the [prepared statement] is destroyed
5158 ** using [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the statement is automatically
5159 ** reprepared by the first call to [sqlite3_step()] for a particular run
5160 ** or until the same information is requested
5161 ** again in a different encoding.
5162 **
5163 ** ^The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
5164 ** database, table, and column.
5165 **
5166 ** ^The first argument to these interfaces is a [prepared statement].
5167 ** ^These functions return information about the Nth result column returned by
5168 ** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
5169 ** ^The left-most column is column 0 for these routines.
5170 **
5171 ** ^If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression or
5172 ** subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions return
5173 ** NULL.  ^These routines might also return NULL if a memory allocation error
5174 ** occurs.  ^Otherwise, they return the name of the attached database, table,
5175 ** or column that query result column was extracted from.
5176 **
5177 ** ^As with all other SQLite APIs, those whose names end with "16" return
5178 ** UTF-16 encoded strings and the other functions return UTF-8.
5179 **
5180 ** ^These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the
5181 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA] C-preprocessor symbol.
5182 **
5183 ** If two or more threads call one or more
5184 ** [sqlite3_column_database_name | column metadata interfaces]
5185 ** for the same [prepared statement] and result column
5186 ** at the same time then the results are undefined.
5187 */
5188 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5189 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5190 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5191 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5192 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5193 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5194 
5195 /*
5196 ** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result
5197 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5198 **
5199 ** ^(The first parameter is a [prepared statement].
5200 ** If this statement is a [SELECT] statement and the Nth column of the
5201 ** returned result set of that [SELECT] is a table column (not an
5202 ** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
5203 ** column is returned.)^  ^If the Nth column of the result set is an
5204 ** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
5205 ** ^The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.
5206 **
5207 ** ^(For example, given the database schema:
5208 **
5209 ** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
5210 **
5211 ** and the following statement to be compiled:
5212 **
5213 ** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
5214 **
5215 ** this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second result
5216 ** column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column (i==0).)^
5217 **
5218 ** ^SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  ^So just because a column
5219 ** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
5220 ** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
5221 ** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  ^Type
5222 ** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
5223 ** used to hold those values.
5224 */
5225 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5226 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
5227 
5228 /*
5229 ** CAPI3REF: Evaluate An SQL Statement
5230 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5231 **
5232 ** After a [prepared statement] has been prepared using any of
5233 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
5234 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] or one of the legacy
5235 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()], this function
5236 ** must be called one or more times to evaluate the statement.
5237 **
5238 ** The details of the behavior of the sqlite3_step() interface depend
5239 ** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "vX" interfaces
5240 ** [sqlite3_prepare_v3()], [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()],
5241 ** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
5242 ** interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
5243 ** new "vX" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
5244 ** interface will continue to be supported.
5245 **
5246 ** ^In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY],
5247 ** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
5248 ** ^With the "v2" interface, any of the other [result codes] or
5249 ** [extended result codes] might be returned as well.
5250 **
5251 ** ^[SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
5252 ** database locks it needs to do its job.  ^If the statement is a [COMMIT]
5253 ** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
5254 ** statement.  If the statement is not a [COMMIT] and occurs within an
5255 ** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
5256 ** continuing.
5257 **
5258 ** ^[SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
5259 ** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
5260 ** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
5261 ** machine back to its initial state.
5262 **
5263 ** ^If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then [SQLITE_ROW]
5264 ** is returned each time a new row of data is ready for processing by the
5265 ** caller. The values may be accessed using the [column access functions].
5266 ** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
5267 **
5268 ** ^[SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
5269 ** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
5270 ** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
5271 ** ^With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (for example,
5272 ** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
5273 ** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
5274 ** [prepared statement].  ^In the "v2" interface,
5275 ** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
5276 **
5277 ** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
5278 ** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
5279 ** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had
5280 ** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
5281 ** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
5282 ** more threads at the same moment in time.
5283 **
5284 ** For all versions of SQLite up to and including 3.6.23.1, a call to
5285 ** [sqlite3_reset()] was required after sqlite3_step() returned anything
5286 ** other than [SQLITE_ROW] before any subsequent invocation of
5287 ** sqlite3_step().  Failure to reset the prepared statement using
5288 ** [sqlite3_reset()] would result in an [SQLITE_MISUSE] return from
5289 ** sqlite3_step().  But after [version 3.6.23.1] ([dateof:3.6.23.1]),
5290 ** sqlite3_step() began
5291 ** calling [sqlite3_reset()] automatically in this circumstance rather
5292 ** than returning [SQLITE_MISUSE].  This is not considered a compatibility
5293 ** break because any application that ever receives an SQLITE_MISUSE error
5294 ** is broken by definition.  The [SQLITE_OMIT_AUTORESET] compile-time option
5295 ** can be used to restore the legacy behavior.
5296 **
5297 ** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b> In the legacy interface, the sqlite3_step()
5298 ** API always returns a generic error code, [SQLITE_ERROR], following any
5299 ** error other than [SQLITE_BUSY] and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call
5300 ** [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the
5301 ** specific [error codes] that better describes the error.
5302 ** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
5303 ** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
5304 ** using [sqlite3_prepare_v3()] or [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
5305 ** or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v3()] instead
5306 ** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()] interfaces,
5307 ** then the more specific [error codes] are returned directly
5308 ** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "vX" interfaces is recommended.
5309 */
5310 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
5311 
5312 /*
5313 ** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set
5314 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5315 **
5316 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) interface returns the number of columns in the
5317 ** current row of the result set of [prepared statement] P.
5318 ** ^If prepared statement P does not have results ready to return
5319 ** (via calls to the [sqlite3_column_int | sqlite3_column()] family of
5320 ** interfaces) then sqlite3_data_count(P) returns 0.
5321 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine also returns 0 if P is a NULL pointer.
5322 ** ^The sqlite3_data_count(P) routine returns 0 if the previous call to
5323 ** [sqlite3_step](P) returned [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The sqlite3_data_count(P)
5324 ** will return non-zero if previous call to [sqlite3_step](P) returned
5325 ** [SQLITE_ROW], except in the case of the [PRAGMA incremental_vacuum]
5326 ** where it always returns zero since each step of that multi-step
5327 ** pragma returns 0 columns of data.
5328 **
5329 ** See also: [sqlite3_column_count()]
5330 */
5331 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5332 
5333 /*
5334 ** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes
5335 ** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
5336 **
5337 ** ^(Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
5338 **
5339 ** <ul>
5340 ** <li> 64-bit signed integer
5341 ** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
5342 ** <li> string
5343 ** <li> BLOB
5344 ** <li> NULL
5345 ** </ul>)^
5346 **
5347 ** These constants are codes for each of those types.
5348 **
5349 ** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
5350 ** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
5351 ** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT, not
5352 ** SQLITE_TEXT.
5353 */
5354 #define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
5355 #define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
5356 #define SQLITE_BLOB     4
5357 #define SQLITE_NULL     5
5358 #ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
5359 # undef SQLITE_TEXT
5360 #else
5361 # define SQLITE_TEXT     3
5362 #endif
5363 #define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
5364 
5365 /*
5366 ** CAPI3REF: Result Values From A Query
5367 ** KEYWORDS: {column access functions}
5368 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5369 **
5370 ** <b>Summary:</b>
5371 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
5372 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB result
5373 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL result
5374 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER result
5375 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER result
5376 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT result
5377 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT result
5378 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_value</b><td>&rarr;<td>The result as an
5379 ** [sqlite3_value|unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
5380 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
5381 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
5382 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT result in bytes
5383 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
5384 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
5385 ** TEXT in bytes
5386 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_column_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
5387 ** datatype of the result
5388 ** </table></blockquote>
5389 **
5390 ** <b>Details:</b>
5391 **
5392 ** ^These routines return information about a single column of the current
5393 ** result row of a query.  ^In every case the first argument is a pointer
5394 ** to the [prepared statement] that is being evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*]
5395 ** that was returned from [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants)
5396 ** and the second argument is the index of the column for which information
5397 ** should be returned. ^The leftmost column of the result set has the index 0.
5398 ** ^The number of columns in the result can be determined using
5399 ** [sqlite3_column_count()].
5400 **
5401 ** If the SQL statement does not currently point to a valid row, or if the
5402 ** column index is out of range, the result is undefined.
5403 ** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
5404 ** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
5405 ** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] have been called subsequently.
5406 ** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
5407 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
5408 ** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
5409 ** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
5410 ** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
5411 ** are pending, then the results are undefined.
5412 **
5413 ** The first six interfaces (_blob, _double, _int, _int64, _text, and _text16)
5414 ** each return the value of a result column in a specific data format.  If
5415 ** the result column is not initially in the requested format (for example,
5416 ** if the query returns an integer but the sqlite3_column_text() interface
5417 ** is used to extract the value) then an automatic type conversion is performed.
5418 **
5419 ** ^The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns the
5420 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
5421 ** of the result column.  ^The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
5422 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].
5423 ** The return value of sqlite3_column_type() can be used to decide which
5424 ** of the first six interface should be used to extract the column value.
5425 ** The value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no
5426 ** automatic type conversions have occurred for the value in question.
5427 ** After a type conversion, the result of calling sqlite3_column_type()
5428 ** is undefined, though harmless.  Future
5429 ** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
5430 ** following a type conversion.
5431 **
5432 ** If the result is a BLOB or a TEXT string, then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
5433 ** or sqlite3_column_bytes16() interfaces can be used to determine the size
5434 ** of that BLOB or string.
5435 **
5436 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes()
5437 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
5438 ** ^If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
5439 ** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
5440 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
5441 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
5442 ** the number of bytes in that string.
5443 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes() returns zero.
5444 **
5445 ** ^If the result is a BLOB or UTF-16 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes16()
5446 ** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
5447 ** ^If the result is a UTF-8 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() converts
5448 ** the string to UTF-16 and then returns the number of bytes.
5449 ** ^If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes16() uses
5450 ** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-16 string and returns
5451 ** the number of bytes in that string.
5452 ** ^If the result is NULL, then sqlite3_column_bytes16() returns zero.
5453 **
5454 ** ^The values returned by [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and
5455 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] do not include the zero terminators at the end
5456 ** of the string.  ^For clarity: the values returned by
5457 ** [sqlite3_column_bytes()] and [sqlite3_column_bytes16()] are the number of
5458 ** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
5459 **
5460 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
5461 ** even empty strings, are always zero-terminated.  ^The return
5462 ** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length BLOB is a NULL pointer.
5463 **
5464 ** ^Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text16() always have the endianness
5465 ** which is native to the platform, regardless of the text encoding set
5466 ** for the database.
5467 **
5468 ** <b>Warning:</b> ^The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
5469 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  In a multithreaded environment,
5470 ** an unprotected sqlite3_value object may only be used safely with
5471 ** [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
5472 ** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
5473 ** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
5474 ** to routines like [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
5475 ** or [sqlite3_value_bytes()], the behavior is not threadsafe.
5476 ** Hence, the sqlite3_column_value() interface
5477 ** is normally only useful within the implementation of
5478 ** [application-defined SQL functions] or [virtual tables], not within
5479 ** top-level application code.
5480 **
5481 ** These routines may attempt to convert the datatype of the result.
5482 ** ^For example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
5483 ** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to perform the
5484 ** conversion automatically.  ^(The following table details the conversions
5485 ** that are applied:
5486 **
5487 ** <blockquote>
5488 ** <table border="1">
5489 ** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
5490 **
5491 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
5492 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
5493 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
5494 ** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is a NULL pointer
5495 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
5496 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
5497 ** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as INTEGER->TEXT
5498 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
5499 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
5500 ** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> [CAST] to BLOB
5501 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
5502 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
5503 ** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
5504 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> [CAST] to INTEGER
5505 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> [CAST] to REAL
5506 ** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> [CAST] to TEXT, ensure zero terminator
5507 ** </table>
5508 ** </blockquote>)^
5509 **
5510 ** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
5511 ** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
5512 ** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated.
5513 ** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
5514 ** in the following cases:
5515 **
5516 ** <ul>
5517 ** <li> The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() or
5518 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
5519 **      need to be added to the string.</li>
5520 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
5521 **      sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
5522 **      to UTF-16.</li>
5523 ** <li> The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
5524 **      sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
5525 **      to UTF-8.</li>
5526 ** </ul>
5527 **
5528 ** ^Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
5529 ** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
5530 ** that the prior pointer references will have been modified.  Other kinds
5531 ** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometimes they
5532 ** are not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.
5533 **
5534 ** The safest policy is to invoke these routines
5535 ** in one of the following ways:
5536 **
5537 ** <ul>
5538 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
5539 **  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
5540 **  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
5541 ** </ul>
5542 **
5543 ** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(),
5544 ** sqlite3_column_blob(), or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result
5545 ** into the desired format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or
5546 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16() to find the size of the result.  Do not mix calls
5547 ** to sqlite3_column_text() or sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to
5548 ** sqlite3_column_bytes16(), and do not mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16()
5549 ** with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
5550 **
5551 ** ^The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
5552 ** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
5553 ** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  ^The memory space used to hold strings
5554 ** and BLOBs is freed automatically.  Do not pass the pointers returned
5555 ** from [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into
5556 ** [sqlite3_free()].
5557 **
5558 ** As long as the input parameters are correct, these routines will only
5559 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs during a format conversion.
5560 ** Only the following subset of interfaces are subject to out-of-memory
5561 ** errors:
5562 **
5563 ** <ul>
5564 ** <li> sqlite3_column_blob()
5565 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text()
5566 ** <li> sqlite3_column_text16()
5567 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes()
5568 ** <li> sqlite3_column_bytes16()
5569 ** </ul>
5570 **
5571 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
5572 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
5573 ** Valid SQL NULL returns can be distinguished from out-of-memory errors
5574 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspect
5575 ** return value is obtained and before any
5576 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
5577 */
5578 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5579 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5580 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5581 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5582 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5583 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5584 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5585 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5586 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5587 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
5588 
5589 /*
5590 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object
5591 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_stmt
5592 **
5593 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a [prepared statement].
5594 ** ^If the most recent evaluation of the statement encountered no errors
5595 ** or if the statement has never been evaluated, then sqlite3_finalize() returns
5596 ** SQLITE_OK.  ^If the most recent evaluation of statement S failed, then
5597 ** sqlite3_finalize(S) returns the appropriate [error code] or
5598 ** [extended error code].
5599 **
5600 ** ^The sqlite3_finalize(S) routine can be called at any point during
5601 ** the life cycle of [prepared statement] S:
5602 ** before statement S is ever evaluated, after
5603 ** one or more calls to [sqlite3_reset()], or after any call
5604 ** to [sqlite3_step()] regardless of whether or not the statement has
5605 ** completed execution.
5606 **
5607 ** ^Invoking sqlite3_finalize() on a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
5608 **
5609 ** The application must finalize every [prepared statement] in order to avoid
5610 ** resource leaks.  It is a grievous error for the application to try to use
5611 ** a prepared statement after it has been finalized.  Any use of a prepared
5612 ** statement after it has been finalized can result in undefined and
5613 ** undesirable behavior such as segfaults and heap corruption.
5614 */
5615 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5616 
5617 /*
5618 ** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object
5619 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
5620 **
5621 ** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a [prepared statement]
5622 ** object back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
5623 ** ^Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
5624 ** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
5625 ** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
5626 **
5627 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
5628 ** back to the beginning of its program.
5629 **
5630 ** ^The return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] indicates whether or not
5631 ** the previous evaluation of prepared statement S completed successfully.
5632 ** ^If [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S or if
5633 ** [sqlite3_step(S)] has not been called since the previous call
5634 ** to [sqlite3_reset(S)], then [sqlite3_reset(S)] will return
5635 ** [SQLITE_OK].
5636 **
5637 ** ^If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
5638 ** [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
5639 ** [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
5640 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface might also return an [error code]
5641 ** if there were no prior errors but the process of resetting
5642 ** the prepared statement caused a new error. ^For example, if an
5643 ** [INSERT] statement with a [RETURNING] clause is only stepped one time,
5644 ** that one call to [sqlite3_step(S)] might return SQLITE_ROW but
5645 ** the overall statement might still fail and the [sqlite3_reset(S)] call
5646 ** might return SQLITE_BUSY if locking constraints prevent the
5647 ** database change from committing.  Therefore, it is important that
5648 ** applications check the return code from [sqlite3_reset(S)] even if
5649 ** no prior call to [sqlite3_step(S)] indicated a problem.
5650 **
5651 ** ^The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
5652 ** of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on the [prepared statement] S.
5653 */
5654 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
5655 
5656 
5657 /*
5658 ** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions
5659 ** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines}
5660 ** METHOD: sqlite3
5661 **
5662 ** ^These functions (collectively known as "function creation routines")
5663 ** are used to add SQL functions or aggregates or to redefine the behavior
5664 ** of existing SQL functions or aggregates. The only differences between
5665 ** the three "sqlite3_create_function*" routines are the text encoding
5666 ** expected for the second parameter (the name of the function being
5667 ** created) and the presence or absence of a destructor callback for
5668 ** the application data pointer. Function sqlite3_create_window_function()
5669 ** is similar, but allows the user to supply the extra callback functions
5670 ** needed by [aggregate window functions].
5671 **
5672 ** ^The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
5673 ** function is to be added.  ^If an application uses more than one database
5674 ** connection then application-defined SQL functions must be added
5675 ** to each database connection separately.
5676 **
5677 ** ^The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created or
5678 ** redefined.  ^The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes in a UTF-8
5679 ** representation, exclusive of the zero-terminator.  ^Note that the name
5680 ** length limit is in UTF-8 bytes, not characters nor UTF-16 bytes.
5681 ** ^Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
5682 ** will result in [SQLITE_MISUSE] being returned.
5683 **
5684 ** ^The third parameter (nArg)
5685 ** is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
5686 ** aggregate takes. ^If this parameter is -1, then the SQL function or
5687 ** aggregate may take any number of arguments between 0 and the limit
5688 ** set by [sqlite3_limit]([SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG]).  If the third
5689 ** parameter is less than -1 or greater than 127 then the behavior is
5690 ** undefined.
5691 **
5692 ** ^The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what
5693 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
5694 ** its parameters.  The application should set this parameter to
5695 ** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] if the function implementation invokes
5696 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le()] on an input, or [SQLITE_UTF16BE] if the
5697 ** implementation invokes [sqlite3_value_text16be()] on an input, or
5698 ** [SQLITE_UTF16] if [sqlite3_value_text16()] is used, or [SQLITE_UTF8]
5699 ** otherwise.  ^The same SQL function may be registered multiple times using
5700 ** different preferred text encodings, with different implementations for
5701 ** each encoding.
5702 ** ^When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
5703 ** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
5704 **
5705 ** ^The fourth parameter may optionally be ORed with [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]
5706 ** to signal that the function will always return the same result given
5707 ** the same inputs within a single SQL statement.  Most SQL functions are
5708 ** deterministic.  The built-in [random()] SQL function is an example of a
5709 ** function that is not deterministic.  The SQLite query planner is able to
5710 ** perform additional optimizations on deterministic functions, so use
5711 ** of the [SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC] flag is recommended where possible.
5712 **
5713 ** ^The fourth parameter may also optionally include the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]
5714 ** flag, which if present prevents the function from being invoked from
5715 ** within VIEWs, TRIGGERs, CHECK constraints, generated column expressions,
5716 ** index expressions, or the WHERE clause of partial indexes.
5717 **
5718 ** For best security, the [SQLITE_DIRECTONLY] flag is recommended for
5719 ** all application-defined SQL functions that do not need to be
5720 ** used inside of triggers, views, CHECK constraints, or other elements of
5721 ** the database schema.  This flag is especially recommended for SQL
5722 ** functions that have side effects or reveal internal application state.
5723 ** Without this flag, an attacker might be able to modify the schema of
5724 ** a database file to include invocations of the function with parameters
5725 ** chosen by the attacker, which the application will then execute when
5726 ** the database file is opened and read.
5727 **
5728 ** ^(The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation of the
5729 ** function can gain access to this pointer using [sqlite3_user_data()].)^
5730 **
5731 ** ^The sixth, seventh and eighth parameters passed to the three
5732 ** "sqlite3_create_function*" functions, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
5733 ** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL function or
5734 ** aggregate. ^A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of the xFunc
5735 ** callback only; NULL pointers must be passed as the xStep and xFinal
5736 ** parameters. ^An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation of xStep
5737 ** and xFinal and NULL pointer must be passed for xFunc. ^To delete an existing
5738 ** SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL pointers for all three function
5739 ** callbacks.
5740 **
5741 ** ^The sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth parameters (xStep, xFinal, xValue
5742 ** and xInverse) passed to sqlite3_create_window_function are pointers to
5743 ** C-language callbacks that implement the new function. xStep and xFinal
5744 ** must both be non-NULL. xValue and xInverse may either both be NULL, in
5745 ** which case a regular aggregate function is created, or must both be
5746 ** non-NULL, in which case the new function may be used as either an aggregate
5747 ** or aggregate window function. More details regarding the implementation
5748 ** of aggregate window functions are
5749 ** [user-defined window functions|available here].
5750 **
5751 ** ^(If the final parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2() or
5752 ** sqlite3_create_window_function() is not NULL, then it is the destructor for
5753 ** the application data pointer. The destructor is invoked when the function
5754 ** is deleted, either by being overloaded or when the database connection
5755 ** closes.)^ ^The destructor is also invoked if the call to
5756 ** sqlite3_create_function_v2() fails.  ^When the destructor callback is
5757 ** invoked, it is passed a single argument which is a copy of the application
5758 ** data pointer which was the fifth parameter to sqlite3_create_function_v2().
5759 **
5760 ** ^It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
5761 ** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
5762 ** arguments or differing preferred text encodings.  ^SQLite will use
5763 ** the implementation that most closely matches the way in which the
5764 ** SQL function is used.  ^A function implementation with a non-negative
5765 ** nArg parameter is a better match than a function implementation with
5766 ** a negative nArg.  ^A function where the preferred text encoding
5767 ** matches the database encoding is a better
5768 ** match than a function where the encoding is different.
5769 ** ^A function where the encoding difference is between UTF16le and UTF16be
5770 ** is a closer match than a function where the encoding difference is
5771 ** between UTF8 and UTF16.
5772 **
5773 ** ^Built-in functions may be overloaded by new application-defined functions.
5774 **
5775 ** ^An application-defined function is permitted to call other
5776 ** SQLite interfaces.  However, such calls must not
5777 ** close the database connection nor finalize or reset the prepared
5778 ** statement in which the function is running.
5779 */
5780 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function(
5781   sqlite3 *db,
5782   const char *zFunctionName,
5783   int nArg,
5784   int eTextRep,
5785   void *pApp,
5786   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5787   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5788   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5789 );
5790 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function16(
5791   sqlite3 *db,
5792   const void *zFunctionName,
5793   int nArg,
5794   int eTextRep,
5795   void *pApp,
5796   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5797   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5798   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
5799 );
5800 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_function_v2(
5801   sqlite3 *db,
5802   const char *zFunctionName,
5803   int nArg,
5804   int eTextRep,
5805   void *pApp,
5806   void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5807   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5808   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5809   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5810 );
5811 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_window_function(
5812   sqlite3 *db,
5813   const char *zFunctionName,
5814   int nArg,
5815   int eTextRep,
5816   void *pApp,
5817   void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5818   void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*),
5819   void (*xValue)(sqlite3_context*),
5820   void (*xInverse)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
5821   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
5822 );
5823 
5824 /*
5825 ** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings
5826 **
5827 ** These constants define integer codes that represent the various
5828 ** text encodings supported by SQLite.
5829 **
5830 ** <dl>
5831 ** [[SQLITE_UTF8]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF8</dt><dd>Text is encoding as UTF-8</dd>
5832 **
5833 ** [[SQLITE_UTF16LE]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF16LE</dt><dd>Text is encoding as UTF-16
5834 ** with each code point being expressed "little endian" - the least significant
5835 ** byte first.  This is the usual encoding, for example on Windows.</dd>
5836 **
5837 ** [[SQLITE_UTF16BE]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF16BE</dt><dd>Text is encoding as UTF-16
5838 ** with each code point being expressed "big endian" - the most significant
5839 ** byte first.  This encoding is less common, but is still sometimes seen,
5840 ** specially on older systems.
5841 **
5842 ** [[SQLITE_UTF16]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF16</dt><dd>Text is encoding as UTF-16
5843 ** with each code point being expressed either little endian or as big
5844 ** endian, according to the native endianness of the host computer.
5845 **
5846 ** [[SQLITE_ANY]] <dt>SQLITE_ANY</dt><dd>This encoding value may only be used
5847 ** to declare the preferred text for [application-defined SQL functions]
5848 ** created using [sqlite3_create_function()] and similar.  If the preferred
5849 ** encoding (the 4th parameter to sqlite3_create_function() - the eTextRep
5850 ** parameter) is SQLITE_ANY, that indicates that the function does not have
5851 ** a preference regarding the text encoding of its parameters and can take
5852 ** any text encoding that the SQLite core find convenient to supply.  This
5853 ** option is deprecated.  Please do not use it in new applications.
5854 **
5855 ** [[SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED</dt><dd>This encoding
5856 ** value may be used as the 3rd parameter (the eTextRep parameter) to
5857 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()] and similar.  This encoding value means
5858 ** that the application-defined collating sequence created expects its
5859 ** input strings to be in UTF16 in native byte order, and that the start
5860 ** of the strings must be aligned to a 2-byte boundary.
5861 **
5862 ** [[SQLITE_UTF8_ZT]] <dt>SQLITE_UTF8_ZT</dt><dd>This option can only be
5863 ** used to specify the text encoding to strings input to
5864 ** [sqlite3_result_text64()] and [sqlite3_bind_text64()].
5865 ** The SQLITE_UTF8_ZT encoding means that the input string (call it "z")
5866 ** is UTF-8 encoded and that it is zero-terminated.  If the length parameter
5867 ** (call it "n") is non-negative, this encoding option means that the caller
5868 ** guarantees that z array contains at least n+1 bytes and that the z&#91;n&#93;
5869 ** byte has a value of zero.
5870 ** This option gives the same output as SQLITE_UTF8, but can be more efficient
5871 ** by avoiding the need to make a copy of the input string, in some cases.
5872 ** However, if z is allocated to hold fewer than n+1 bytes or if the
5873 ** z&#91;n&#93; byte is not zero, undefined behavior may result.
5874 ** </dl>
5875 */
5876 #define SQLITE_UTF8           1    /* IMP: R-37514-35566 */
5877 #define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2    /* IMP: R-03371-37637 */
5878 #define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3    /* IMP: R-51971-34154 */
5879 #define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
5880 #define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* Deprecated */
5881 #define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
5882 #define SQLITE_UTF8_ZT       16    /* Zero-terminated UTF8 */
5883 
5884 /*
5885 ** CAPI3REF: Function Flags
5886 **
5887 ** These constants may be ORed together with the
5888 ** [SQLITE_UTF8 | preferred text encoding] as the fourth argument
5889 ** to [sqlite3_create_function()], [sqlite3_create_function16()], or
5890 ** [sqlite3_create_function_v2()].
5891 **
5892 ** <dl>
5893 ** [[SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC]] <dt>SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC</dt><dd>
5894 ** The SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC flag means that the new function always gives
5895 ** the same output when the input parameters are the same.
5896 ** The [abs|abs() function] is deterministic, for example, but
5897 ** [randomblob|randomblob()] is not.  Functions must
5898 ** be deterministic in order to be used in certain contexts such as
5899 ** with the WHERE clause of [partial indexes] or in [generated columns].
5900 ** SQLite might also optimize deterministic functions by factoring them
5901 ** out of inner loops.
5902 ** </dd>
5903 **
5904 ** [[SQLITE_DIRECTONLY]] <dt>SQLITE_DIRECTONLY</dt><dd>
5905 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag means that the function may only be invoked
5906 ** from top-level SQL, and cannot be used in VIEWs or TRIGGERs nor in
5907 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5908 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], or [generated columns].
5909 ** <p>
5910 ** The SQLITE_DIRECTONLY flag is recommended for any
5911 ** [application-defined SQL function]
5912 ** that has side-effects or that could potentially leak sensitive information.
5913 ** This will prevent attacks in which an application is tricked
5914 ** into using a database file that has had its schema surreptitiously
5915 ** modified to invoke the application-defined function in ways that are
5916 ** harmful.
5917 ** <p>
5918 ** Some people say it is good practice to set SQLITE_DIRECTONLY on all
5919 ** [application-defined SQL functions], regardless of whether or not they
5920 ** are security sensitive, as doing so prevents those functions from being used
5921 ** inside of the database schema, and thus ensures that the database
5922 ** can be inspected and modified using generic tools (such as the [CLI])
5923 ** that do not have access to the application-defined functions.
5924 ** </dd>
5925 **
5926 ** [[SQLITE_INNOCUOUS]] <dt>SQLITE_INNOCUOUS</dt><dd>
5927 ** The SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag means that the function is unlikely
5928 ** to cause problems even if misused.  An innocuous function should have
5929 ** no side effects and should not depend on any values other than its
5930 ** input parameters. The [abs|abs() function] is an example of an
5931 ** innocuous function.
5932 ** The [load_extension() SQL function] is not innocuous because of its
5933 ** side effects.
5934 ** <p> SQLITE_INNOCUOUS is similar to SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC, but is not
5935 ** exactly the same.  The [random|random() function] is an example of a
5936 ** function that is innocuous but not deterministic.
5937 ** <p>Some heightened security settings
5938 ** ([SQLITE_DBCONFIG_TRUSTED_SCHEMA] and [PRAGMA trusted_schema=OFF])
5939 ** disable the use of SQL functions inside views and triggers and in
5940 ** schema structures such as [CHECK constraints], [DEFAULT clauses],
5941 ** [expression indexes], [partial indexes], and [generated columns] unless
5942 ** the function is tagged with SQLITE_INNOCUOUS.  Most built-in functions
5943 ** are innocuous.  Developers are advised to avoid using the
5944 ** SQLITE_INNOCUOUS flag for application-defined functions unless the
5945 ** function has been carefully audited and found to be free of potentially
5946 ** security-adverse side-effects and information-leaks.
5947 ** </dd>
5948 **
5949 ** [[SQLITE_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5950 ** The SQLITE_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function might call
5951 ** [sqlite3_value_subtype()] to inspect the sub-types of its arguments.
5952 ** This flag instructs SQLite to omit some corner-case optimizations that
5953 ** might disrupt the operation of the [sqlite3_value_subtype()] function,
5954 ** causing it to return zero rather than the correct subtype().
5955 ** All SQL functions that invoke [sqlite3_value_subtype()] should have this
5956 ** property.  If the SQLITE_SUBTYPE property is omitted, then the return
5957 ** value from [sqlite3_value_subtype()] might sometimes be zero even though
5958 ** a non-zero subtype was specified by the function argument expression.
5959 **
5960 ** [[SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE]] <dt>SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE</dt><dd>
5961 ** The SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE flag indicates to SQLite that a function might call
5962 ** [sqlite3_result_subtype()] to cause a sub-type to be associated with its
5963 ** result.
5964 ** Every function that invokes [sqlite3_result_subtype()] should have this
5965 ** property.  If it does not, then the call to [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
5966 ** might become a no-op if the function is used as a term in an
5967 ** [expression index].  On the other hand, SQL functions that never invoke
5968 ** [sqlite3_result_subtype()] should avoid setting this property, as the
5969 ** purpose of this property is to disable certain optimizations that are
5970 ** incompatible with subtypes.
5971 **
5972 ** [[SQLITE_SELFORDER1]] <dt>SQLITE_SELFORDER1</dt><dd>
5973 ** The SQLITE_SELFORDER1 flag indicates that the function is an aggregate
5974 ** that internally orders the values provided to the first argument.  The
5975 ** ordered-set aggregate SQL notation with a single ORDER BY term can be
5976 ** used to invoke this function.  If the ordered-set aggregate notation is
5977 ** used on a function that lacks this flag, then an error is raised. Note
5978 ** that the ordered-set aggregate syntax is only available if SQLite is
5979 ** built using the -DSQLITE_ENABLE_ORDERED_SET_AGGREGATES compile-time option.
5980 ** </dd>
5981 ** </dl>
5982 */
5983 #define SQLITE_DETERMINISTIC    0x000000800
5984 #define SQLITE_DIRECTONLY       0x000080000
5985 #define SQLITE_SUBTYPE          0x000100000
5986 #define SQLITE_INNOCUOUS        0x000200000
5987 #define SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE   0x001000000
5988 #define SQLITE_SELFORDER1       0x002000000
5989 
5990 /*
5991 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Functions
5992 ** DEPRECATED
5993 **
5994 ** These functions are [deprecated].  In order to maintain
5995 ** backwards compatibility with older code, these functions continue
5996 ** to be supported.  However, new applications should avoid
5997 ** the use of these functions.  To encourage programmers to avoid
5998 ** these functions, we will not explain what they do.
5999 */
6000 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_DEPRECATED
6001 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
6002 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
6003 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
6004 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
6005 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
6006 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),
6007                       void*,sqlite3_int64);
6008 #endif
6009 
6010 /*
6011 ** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Values
6012 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
6013 **
6014 ** <b>Summary:</b>
6015 ** <blockquote><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0>
6016 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_blob</b><td>&rarr;<td>BLOB value
6017 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_double</b><td>&rarr;<td>REAL value
6018 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int</b><td>&rarr;<td>32-bit INTEGER value
6019 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_int64</b><td>&rarr;<td>64-bit INTEGER value
6020 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_pointer</b><td>&rarr;<td>Pointer value
6021 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-8 TEXT value
6022 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16 TEXT value in
6023 ** the native byteorder
6024 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16be</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16be TEXT value
6025 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_text16le</b><td>&rarr;<td>UTF-16le TEXT value
6026 ** <tr><td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;<td>&nbsp;
6027 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes</b><td>&rarr;<td>Size of a BLOB
6028 ** or a UTF-8 TEXT in bytes
6029 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_bytes16&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
6030 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Size of UTF-16
6031 ** TEXT in bytes
6032 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_type</b><td>&rarr;<td>Default
6033 ** datatype of the value
6034 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_numeric_type&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
6035 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>Best numeric datatype of the value
6036 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_nochange&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
6037 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if the column is unchanged in an UPDATE
6038 ** against a virtual table.
6039 ** <tr><td><b>sqlite3_value_frombind&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>
6040 ** <td>&rarr;&nbsp;&nbsp;<td>True if value originated from a [bound parameter]
6041 ** </table></blockquote>
6042 **
6043 ** <b>Details:</b>
6044 **
6045 ** These routines extract type, size, and content information from
6046 ** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  Protected sqlite3_value objects
6047 ** are used to pass parameter information into the functions that
6048 ** implement [application-defined SQL functions] and [virtual tables].
6049 **
6050 ** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
6051 ** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
6052 ** is not threadsafe.
6053 **
6054 ** ^These routines work just like the corresponding [column access functions]
6055 ** except that these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object
6056 ** pointer instead of a [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
6057 **
6058 ** ^The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF-16 string
6059 ** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  ^The
6060 ** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
6061 ** extract UTF-16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
6062 **
6063 ** ^If [sqlite3_value] object V was initialized
6064 ** using [sqlite3_bind_pointer(S,I,P,X,D)] or [sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,X,D)]
6065 ** and if X and Y are strings that compare equal according to strcmp(X,Y),
6066 ** then sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) will return the pointer P.  ^Otherwise,
6067 ** sqlite3_value_pointer(V,Y) returns a NULL. The sqlite3_bind_pointer()
6068 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
6069 **
6070 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_type(V) interface returns the
6071 ** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial datatype of the
6072 ** [sqlite3_value] object V. The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
6073 ** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].)^
6074 ** Other interfaces might change the datatype for an sqlite3_value object.
6075 ** For example, if the datatype is initially SQLITE_INTEGER and
6076 ** sqlite3_value_text(V) is called to extract a text value for that
6077 ** integer, then subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_type(V) might return
6078 ** SQLITE_TEXT.  Whether or not a persistent internal datatype conversion
6079 ** occurs is undefined and may change from one release of SQLite to the next.
6080 **
6081 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
6082 ** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
6083 ** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
6084 ** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
6085 ** words, if the value is a string that looks like a number)
6086 ** then the conversion is performed.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.
6087 ** The [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.)^
6088 **
6089 ** ^Within the [xUpdate] method of a [virtual table], the
6090 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) interface returns true if and only if
6091 ** the column corresponding to X is unchanged by the UPDATE operation
6092 ** that the xUpdate method call was invoked to implement and if
6093 ** the prior [xColumn] method call that was invoked to extract
6094 ** the value for that column returned without setting a result (probably
6095 ** because it queried [sqlite3_vtab_nochange()] and found that the column
6096 ** was unchanging).  ^Within an [xUpdate] method, any value for which
6097 ** sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is true will in all other respects appear
6098 ** to be a NULL value.  If sqlite3_value_nochange(X) is invoked anywhere other
6099 ** than within an [xUpdate] method call for an UPDATE statement, then
6100 ** the return value is arbitrary and meaningless.
6101 **
6102 ** ^The sqlite3_value_frombind(X) interface returns non-zero if the
6103 ** value X originated from one of the [sqlite3_bind_int|sqlite3_bind()]
6104 ** interfaces.  ^If X comes from an SQL literal value, or a table column,
6105 ** or an expression, then sqlite3_value_frombind(X) returns zero.
6106 **
6107 ** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer returned
6108 ** from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
6109 ** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
6110 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
6111 ** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].
6112 **
6113 ** These routines must be called from the same thread as
6114 ** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
6115 **
6116 ** As long as the input parameter is correct, these routines can only
6117 ** fail if an out-of-memory error occurs while trying to do a
6118 ** UTF8&rarr;UTF16 or UTF16&rarr;UTF8 conversion.
6119 ** If an out-of-memory error occurs, then the return value from these
6120 ** routines is the same as if the column had contained an SQL NULL value.
6121 ** If the input sqlite3_value was not obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()],
6122 ** then valid SQL NULL returns can also be distinguished from
6123 ** out-of-memory errors after extracting the value
6124 ** by invoking the [sqlite3_errcode()] immediately after the suspicious
6125 ** return value is obtained and before any
6126 ** other SQLite interface is called on the same [database connection].
6127 ** If the input sqlite3_value was obtained from sqlite3_value_dup() then
6128 ** it is disconnected from the database connection and so sqlite3_errcode()
6129 ** will not work.
6130 ** In that case, the only way to distinguish an out-of-memory
6131 ** condition from a true SQL NULL is to invoke sqlite3_value_type() on the
6132 ** input to see if it is NULL prior to trying to extract the value.
6133 */
6134 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
6135 SQLITE_API double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
6136 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
6137 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
6138 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_value_pointer(sqlite3_value*, const char*);
6139 SQLITE_API const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
6140 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
6141 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
6142 SQLITE_API const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
6143 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
6144 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
6145 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
6146 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
6147 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_nochange(sqlite3_value*);
6148 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_frombind(sqlite3_value*);
6149 
6150 /*
6151 ** CAPI3REF: Report the internal text encoding state of an sqlite3_value object
6152 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
6153 **
6154 ** ^(The sqlite3_value_encoding(X) interface returns one of [SQLITE_UTF8],
6155 ** [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE] according to the current text encoding
6156 ** of the value X, assuming that X has type TEXT.)^  If sqlite3_value_type(X)
6157 ** returns something other than SQLITE_TEXT, then the return value from
6158 ** sqlite3_value_encoding(X) is meaningless.  ^Calls to
6159 ** [sqlite3_value_text(X)], [sqlite3_value_text16(X)],
6160 ** [sqlite3_value_text16be(X)],
6161 ** [sqlite3_value_text16le(X)], [sqlite3_value_bytes(X)], or
6162 ** [sqlite3_value_bytes16(X)] might change the encoding of the value X and
6163 ** thus change the return from subsequent calls to sqlite3_value_encoding(X).
6164 **
6165 ** This routine is intended for used by applications that test and validate
6166 ** the SQLite implementation.  This routine is inquiring about the opaque
6167 ** internal state of an [sqlite3_value] object.  Ordinary applications should
6168 ** not need to know what the internal state of an sqlite3_value object is and
6169 ** hence should not need to use this interface.
6170 */
6171 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_value_encoding(sqlite3_value*);
6172 
6173 /*
6174 ** CAPI3REF: Finding The Subtype Of SQL Values
6175 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
6176 **
6177 ** The sqlite3_value_subtype(V) function returns the subtype for
6178 ** an [application-defined SQL function] argument V.  The subtype
6179 ** information can be used to pass a limited amount of context from
6180 ** one SQL function to another.  Use the [sqlite3_result_subtype()]
6181 ** routine to set the subtype for the return value of an SQL function.
6182 **
6183 ** Every [application-defined SQL function] that invokes this interface
6184 ** should include the [SQLITE_SUBTYPE] property in the text
6185 ** encoding argument when the function is [sqlite3_create_function|registered].
6186 ** If the [SQLITE_SUBTYPE] property is omitted, then sqlite3_value_subtype()
6187 ** might return zero instead of the upstream subtype in some corner cases.
6188 */
6189 SQLITE_API unsigned int sqlite3_value_subtype(sqlite3_value*);
6190 
6191 /*
6192 ** CAPI3REF: Copy And Free SQL Values
6193 ** METHOD: sqlite3_value
6194 **
6195 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
6196 ** object V and returns a pointer to that copy.  ^The [sqlite3_value] returned
6197 ** is a [protected sqlite3_value] object even if the input is not.
6198 ** ^The sqlite3_value_dup(V) interface returns NULL if V is NULL or if a
6199 ** memory allocation fails. ^If V is a [pointer value], then the result
6200 ** of sqlite3_value_dup(V) is a NULL value.
6201 **
6202 ** ^The sqlite3_value_free(V) interface frees an [sqlite3_value] object
6203 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_value_dup()].  ^If V is a NULL pointer
6204 ** then sqlite3_value_free(V) is a harmless no-op.
6205 */
6206 SQLITE_API sqlite3_value *sqlite3_value_dup(const sqlite3_value*);
6207 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_value_free(sqlite3_value*);
6208 
6209 /*
6210 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context
6211 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6212 **
6213 ** Implementations of aggregate SQL functions use this
6214 ** routine to allocate memory for storing their state.
6215 **
6216 ** ^The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine is called
6217 ** for a particular aggregate function, SQLite allocates
6218 ** N bytes of memory, zeroes out that memory, and returns a pointer
6219 ** to the new memory. ^On second and subsequent calls to
6220 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() for the same aggregate function instance,
6221 ** the same buffer is returned.  Sqlite3_aggregate_context() is normally
6222 ** called once for each invocation of the xStep callback and then one
6223 ** last time when the xFinal callback is invoked.  ^(When no rows match
6224 ** an aggregate query, the xStep() callback of the aggregate function
6225 ** implementation is never called and xFinal() is called exactly once.
6226 ** In those cases, sqlite3_aggregate_context() might be called for the
6227 ** first time from within xFinal().)^
6228 **
6229 ** ^The sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) routine returns a NULL pointer
6230 ** when first called if N is less than or equal to zero or if a memory
6231 ** allocation error occurs.
6232 **
6233 ** ^(The amount of space allocated by sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) is
6234 ** determined by the N parameter on the first successful call.  Changing the
6235 ** value of N in any subsequent call to sqlite3_aggregate_context() within
6236 ** the same aggregate function instance will not resize the memory
6237 ** allocation.)^  Within the xFinal callback, it is customary to set
6238 ** N=0 in calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N) so that no
6239 ** pointless memory allocations occur.
6240 **
6241 ** ^SQLite automatically frees the memory allocated by
6242 ** sqlite3_aggregate_context() when the aggregate query concludes.
6243 **
6244 ** The first parameter must be a copy of the
6245 ** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first parameter
6246 ** to the xStep or xFinal callback routine that implements the aggregate
6247 ** function.
6248 **
6249 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
6250 ** the aggregate SQL function is running.
6251 */
6252 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
6253 
6254 /*
6255 ** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions
6256 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6257 **
6258 ** ^The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
6259 ** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
6260 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
6261 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
6262 ** registered the application defined function.
6263 **
6264 ** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
6265 ** the application-defined function is running.
6266 */
6267 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
6268 
6269 /*
6270 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions
6271 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6272 **
6273 ** ^The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
6274 ** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
6275 ** of the [sqlite3_create_function()]
6276 ** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
6277 ** registered the application defined function.
6278 */
6279 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
6280 
6281 /*
6282 ** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data
6283 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6284 **
6285 ** These functions may be used by (non-aggregate) SQL functions to
6286 ** associate auxiliary data with argument values. If the same argument
6287 ** value is passed to multiple invocations of the same SQL function during
6288 ** query execution, under some circumstances the associated auxiliary data
6289 ** might be preserved.  An example of where this might be useful is in a
6290 ** regular-expression matching function. The compiled version of the regular
6291 ** expression can be stored as auxiliary data associated with the pattern
6292 ** string. Then as long as the pattern string remains the same,
6293 ** the compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
6294 ** invocations of the same function.
6295 **
6296 ** ^The sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) interface returns a pointer to the auxiliary
6297 ** data associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) function with the
6298 ** Nth argument value to the application-defined function.  ^N is zero
6299 ** for the left-most function argument.  ^If there is no auxiliary data
6300 ** associated with the function argument, the sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N)
6301 ** interface returns a NULL pointer.
6302 **
6303 ** ^The sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) interface saves P as auxiliary data for the
6304 ** N-th argument of the application-defined function.  ^Subsequent
6305 ** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N) return P from the most recent
6306 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) call if the auxiliary data is still valid or
6307 ** NULL if the auxiliary data has been discarded.
6308 ** ^After each call to sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) where X is not NULL,
6309 ** SQLite will invoke the destructor function X with parameter P exactly
6310 ** once, when the auxiliary data is discarded.
6311 ** SQLite is free to discard the auxiliary data at any time, including: <ul>
6312 ** <li> ^(when the corresponding function parameter changes)^, or
6313 ** <li> ^(when [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()] is called for the
6314 **      SQL statement)^, or
6315 ** <li> ^(when sqlite3_set_auxdata() is invoked again on the same
6316 **       parameter)^, or
6317 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call when a memory
6318 **      allocation error occurs.)^
6319 ** <li> ^(during the original sqlite3_set_auxdata() call if the function
6320 **      is evaluated during query planning instead of during query execution,
6321 **      as sometimes happens with [SQLITE_ENABLE_STAT4].)^ </ul>
6322 **
6323 ** Note the last two bullets in particular.  The destructor X in
6324 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,X) might be called immediately, before the
6325 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface even returns.  Hence sqlite3_set_auxdata()
6326 ** should be called near the end of the function implementation and the
6327 ** function implementation should not make any use of P after
6328 ** sqlite3_set_auxdata() has been called.  Furthermore, a call to
6329 ** sqlite3_get_auxdata() that occurs immediately after a corresponding call
6330 ** to sqlite3_set_auxdata() might still return NULL if an out-of-memory
6331 ** condition occurred during the sqlite3_set_auxdata() call or if the
6332 ** function is being evaluated during query planning rather than during
6333 ** query execution.
6334 **
6335 ** ^(In practice, auxiliary data is preserved between function calls for
6336 ** function parameters that are compile-time constants, including literal
6337 ** values and [parameters] and expressions composed from the same.)^
6338 **
6339 ** The value of the N parameter to these interfaces should be non-negative.
6340 ** Future enhancements may make use of negative N values to define new
6341 ** kinds of function caching behavior.
6342 **
6343 ** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
6344 ** the SQL function is running.
6345 **
6346 ** See also: [sqlite3_get_clientdata()] and [sqlite3_set_clientdata()].
6347 */
6348 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
6349 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
6350 
6351 /*
6352 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Client Data
6353 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6354 **
6355 ** These functions are used to associate one or more named pointers
6356 ** with a [database connection].
6357 ** A call to sqlite3_set_clientdata(D,N,P,X) causes the pointer P
6358 ** to be attached to [database connection] D using name N.  Subsequent
6359 ** calls to sqlite3_get_clientdata(D,N) will return a copy of pointer P
6360 ** or a NULL pointer if there were no prior calls to
6361 ** sqlite3_set_clientdata() with the same values of D and N.
6362 ** Names are compared using strcmp() and are thus case sensitive.
6363 ** It returns 0 on success and SQLITE_NOMEM on allocation failure.
6364 **
6365 ** If P and X are both non-NULL, then the destructor X is invoked with
6366 ** argument P on the first of the following occurrences:
6367 ** <ul>
6368 ** <li> An out-of-memory error occurs during the call to
6369 **      sqlite3_set_clientdata() which attempts to register pointer P.
6370 ** <li> A subsequent call to sqlite3_set_clientdata(D,N,P,X) is made
6371 **      with the same D and N parameters.
6372 ** <li> The database connection closes.  SQLite does not make any guarantees
6373 **      about the order in which destructors are called, only that all
6374 **      destructors will be called exactly once at some point during the
6375 **      database connection closing process.
6376 ** </ul>
6377 **
6378 ** SQLite does not do anything with client data other than invoke
6379 ** destructors on the client data at the appropriate time.  The intended
6380 ** use for client data is to provide a mechanism for wrapper libraries
6381 ** to store additional information about an SQLite database connection.
6382 **
6383 ** There is no limit (other than available memory) on the number of different
6384 ** client data pointers (with different names) that can be attached to a
6385 ** single database connection.  However, the current implementation stores
6386 ** the content on a linked list.  Insert and retrieval performance will
6387 ** be proportional to the number of entries.  The design use case, and
6388 ** the use case for which the implementation is optimized, is
6389 ** that an application will store only small number of client data names,
6390 ** typically just one or two.  This interface is not intended to be a
6391 ** generalized key/value store for thousands or millions of keys.  It
6392 ** will work for that, but performance might be disappointing.
6393 **
6394 ** There is no way to enumerate the client data pointers
6395 ** associated with a database connection.  The N parameter can be thought
6396 ** of as a secret key such that only code that knows the secret key is able
6397 ** to access the associated data.
6398 **
6399 ** Security Warning:  These interfaces should not be exposed in scripting
6400 ** languages or in other circumstances where it might be possible for an
6401 ** attacker to invoke them.  Any agent that can invoke these interfaces
6402 ** can probably also take control of the process.
6403 **
6404 ** Database connection client data is only available for SQLite
6405 ** version 3.44.0 ([dateof:3.44.0]) and later.
6406 **
6407 ** See also: [sqlite3_set_auxdata()] and [sqlite3_get_auxdata()].
6408 */
6409 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_get_clientdata(sqlite3*,const char*);
6410 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_set_clientdata(sqlite3*, const char*, void*, void(*)(void*));
6411 
6412 /*
6413 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior
6414 **
6415 ** These are special values for the destructor that is passed in as the
6416 ** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  ^If the destructor
6417 ** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
6418 ** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  ^The
6419 ** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
6420 ** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
6421 ** the content before returning.
6422 **
6423 ** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
6424 ** C++ compilers.
6425 */
6426 typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
6427 #define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
6428 #define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
6429 
6430 /*
6431 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function
6432 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6433 **
6434 ** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
6435 ** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
6436 ** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
6437 ** for additional information.
6438 **
6439 ** These functions work very much like the [parameter binding] family of
6440 ** functions used to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
6441 ** Refer to the [SQL parameter] documentation for additional information.
6442 **
6443 ** ^The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
6444 ** an application-defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
6445 ** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
6446 ** third parameter.
6447 **
6448 ** ^The sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N) and sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(C,N)
6449 ** interfaces set the result of the application-defined function to be
6450 ** a BLOB containing all zero bytes and N bytes in size.
6451 **
6452 ** ^The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
6453 ** an application-defined function to be a floating point value specified
6454 ** by its 2nd argument.
6455 **
6456 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
6457 ** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
6458 ** ^SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
6459 ** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
6460 ** as the text of an error message.  ^SQLite interprets the error
6461 ** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF-8. ^SQLite
6462 ** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF-16 using
6463 ** the same [byte-order determination rules] as [sqlite3_bind_text16()].
6464 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
6465 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
6466 ** message all text up through the first zero character.
6467 ** ^If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
6468 ** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
6469 ** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
6470 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
6471 ** routines make a private copy of the error message text before
6472 ** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
6473 ** modify the text after they return without harm.
6474 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
6475 ** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  ^By default,
6476 ** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  ^A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
6477 ** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
6478 **
6479 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_toobig() interface causes SQLite to throw an
6480 ** error indicating that a string or BLOB is too long to represent.
6481 **
6482 ** ^The sqlite3_result_error_nomem() interface causes SQLite to throw an
6483 ** error indicating that a memory allocation failed.
6484 **
6485 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
6486 ** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
6487 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
6488 ** ^The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
6489 ** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
6490 ** value given in the 2nd argument.
6491 **
6492 ** ^The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
6493 ** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
6494 **
6495 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(),
6496 ** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
6497 ** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
6498 ** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
6499 ** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
6500 ** ^The sqlite3_result_text64(C,Z,N,D,E) interface sets the return value of an
6501 ** application-defined function to be a text string in an encoding
6502 ** specified the E parameter, which must be one
6503 ** of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF8_ZT], [SQLITE_UTF16], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
6504 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE].  ^The special value [SQLITE_UTF8_ZT] means that
6505 ** the result text is both UTF-8 and zero-terminated.  In other words,
6506 ** SQLITE_UTF8_ZT means that the Z array holds at least N+1 bytes and that
6507 ** the Z&#91;N&#93; is zero.
6508 ** ^SQLite takes the text result from the application from
6509 ** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
6510 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to any of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
6511 ** other than sqlite3_result_text64() is negative, then SQLite computes
6512 ** the string length itself by searching the 2nd parameter for the first
6513 ** zero character.
6514 ** ^If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
6515 ** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
6516 ** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
6517 ** function result.  If the 3rd parameter is non-negative, then it
6518 ** must be the byte offset into the string where the NUL terminator would
6519 ** appear if the string were NUL terminated.  If any NUL characters occur
6520 ** in the string at a byte offset that is less than the value of the 3rd
6521 ** parameter, then the resulting string will contain embedded NULs and the
6522 ** result of expressions operating on strings with embedded NULs is undefined.
6523 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
6524 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
6525 ** function as the destructor on the text or BLOB result when it has
6526 ** finished using that result.
6527 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces or to
6528 ** sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then SQLite
6529 ** assumes that the text or BLOB result is in constant space and does not
6530 ** copy the content of the parameter nor call a destructor on the content
6531 ** when it has finished using that result.
6532 ** ^If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
6533 ** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
6534 ** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained
6535 ** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
6536 **
6537 ** ^For the sqlite3_result_text16(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
6538 ** sqlite3_result_text16be() routines, and for sqlite3_result_text64()
6539 ** when the encoding is not UTF8, if the input UTF16 begins with a
6540 ** byte-order mark (BOM, U+FEFF) then the BOM is removed from the
6541 ** string and the rest of the string is interpreted according to the
6542 ** byte-order specified by the BOM.  ^The byte-order specified by
6543 ** the BOM at the beginning of the text overrides the byte-order
6544 ** specified by the interface procedure.  ^So, for example, if
6545 ** sqlite3_result_text16le() is invoked with text that begins
6546 ** with bytes 0xfe, 0xff (a big-endian byte-order mark) then the
6547 ** first two bytes of input are skipped and the remaining input
6548 ** is interpreted as UTF16BE text.
6549 **
6550 ** ^For UTF16 input text to the sqlite3_result_text16(),
6551 ** sqlite3_result_text16be(), sqlite3_result_text16le(), and
6552 ** sqlite3_result_text64() routines, if the text contains invalid
6553 ** UTF16 characters, the invalid characters might be converted
6554 ** into the unicode replacement character, U+FFFD.
6555 **
6556 ** ^The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
6557 ** the application-defined function to be a copy of the
6558 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  ^The
6559 ** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
6560 ** so that the [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
6561 ** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
6562 ** ^A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
6563 ** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
6564 ** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
6565 **
6566 ** ^The sqlite3_result_pointer(C,P,T,D) interface sets the result to an
6567 ** SQL NULL value, just like [sqlite3_result_null(C)], except that it
6568 ** also associates the host-language pointer P or type T with that
6569 ** NULL value such that the pointer can be retrieved within an
6570 ** [application-defined SQL function] using [sqlite3_value_pointer()].
6571 ** ^If the D parameter is not NULL, then it is a pointer to a destructor
6572 ** for the P parameter.  ^SQLite invokes D with P as its only argument
6573 ** when SQLite is finished with P.  The T parameter should be a static
6574 ** string and preferably a string literal. The sqlite3_result_pointer()
6575 ** routine is part of the [pointer passing interface] added for SQLite 3.20.0.
6576 **
6577 ** If these routines are called from within a different thread
6578 ** than the one containing the application-defined function that received
6579 ** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
6580 */
6581 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
6582 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_blob64(sqlite3_context*,const void*,
6583                            sqlite3_uint64,void(*)(void*));
6584 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
6585 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
6586 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
6587 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
6588 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
6589 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
6590 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
6591 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
6592 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
6593 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
6594 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text64(sqlite3_context*, const char *z, sqlite3_uint64 n,
6595                            void(*)(void*), unsigned char encoding);
6596 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
6597 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
6598 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
6599 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
6600 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_pointer(sqlite3_context*, void*,const char*,void(*)(void*));
6601 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
6602 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_result_zeroblob64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_uint64 n);
6603 
6604 
6605 /*
6606 ** CAPI3REF: Setting The Subtype Of An SQL Function
6607 ** METHOD: sqlite3_context
6608 **
6609 ** The sqlite3_result_subtype(C,T) function causes the subtype of
6610 ** the result from the [application-defined SQL function] with
6611 ** [sqlite3_context] C to be the value T.  Only the lower 8 bits
6612 ** of the subtype T are preserved in current versions of SQLite;
6613 ** higher order bits are discarded.
6614 ** The number of subtype bytes preserved by SQLite might increase
6615 ** in future releases of SQLite.
6616 **
6617 ** Every [application-defined SQL function] that invokes this interface
6618 ** should include the [SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE] property in its
6619 ** text encoding argument when the SQL function is
6620 ** [sqlite3_create_function|registered].  If the [SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE]
6621 ** property is omitted from the function that invokes sqlite3_result_subtype(),
6622 ** then in some cases the sqlite3_result_subtype() might fail to set
6623 ** the result subtype.
6624 **
6625 ** If SQLite is compiled with -DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1, then any
6626 ** SQL function that invokes the sqlite3_result_subtype() interface
6627 ** and that does not have the SQLITE_RESULT_SUBTYPE property will raise
6628 ** an error.  Future versions of SQLite might enable -DSQLITE_STRICT_SUBTYPE=1
6629 ** by default.
6630 */
6631 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_result_subtype(sqlite3_context*,unsigned int);
6632 
6633 /*
6634 ** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences
6635 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6636 **
6637 ** ^These functions add, remove, or modify a [collation] associated
6638 ** with the [database connection] specified as the first argument.
6639 **
6640 ** ^The name of the collation is a UTF-8 string
6641 ** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
6642 ** and a UTF-16 string in native byte order for sqlite3_create_collation16().
6643 ** ^Collation names that compare equal according to [sqlite3_strnicmp()] are
6644 ** considered to be the same name.
6645 **
6646 ** ^(The third argument (eTextRep) must be one of the constants:
6647 ** <ul>
6648 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF8],
6649 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16LE],
6650 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
6651 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16], or
6652 ** <li> [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED].
6653 ** </ul>)^
6654 ** ^The eTextRep argument determines the encoding of strings passed
6655 ** to the collating function callback, xCompare.
6656 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16] and [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] values for eTextRep
6657 ** force strings to be UTF16 with native byte order.
6658 ** ^The [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] value for eTextRep forces strings to begin
6659 ** on an even byte address.
6660 **
6661 ** ^The fourth argument, pArg, is an application data pointer that is passed
6662 ** through as the first argument to the collating function callback.
6663 **
6664 ** ^The fifth argument, xCompare, is a pointer to the collating function.
6665 ** ^Multiple collating functions can be registered using the same name but
6666 ** with different eTextRep parameters and SQLite will use whichever
6667 ** function requires the least amount of data transformation.
6668 ** ^If the xCompare argument is NULL then the collating function is
6669 ** deleted.  ^When all collating functions having the same name are deleted,
6670 ** that collation is no longer usable.
6671 **
6672 ** ^The collating function callback is invoked with a copy of the pArg
6673 ** application data pointer and with two strings in the encoding specified
6674 ** by the eTextRep argument.  The two integer parameters to the collating
6675 ** function callback are the length of the two strings, in bytes. The collating
6676 ** function must return an integer that is negative, zero, or positive
6677 ** if the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second,
6678 ** respectively.  A collating function must always return the same answer
6679 ** given the same inputs.  If two or more collating functions are registered
6680 ** to the same collation name (using different eTextRep values) then all
6681 ** must give an equivalent answer when invoked with equivalent strings.
6682 ** The collating function must obey the following properties for all
6683 ** strings A, B, and C:
6684 **
6685 ** <ol>
6686 ** <li> If A==B then B==A.
6687 ** <li> If A==B and B==C then A==C.
6688 ** <li> If A&lt;B THEN B&gt;A.
6689 ** <li> If A&lt;B and B&lt;C then A&lt;C.
6690 ** </ol>
6691 **
6692 ** If a collating function fails any of the above constraints and that
6693 ** collating function is registered and used, then the behavior of SQLite
6694 ** is undefined.
6695 **
6696 ** ^The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
6697 ** with the addition that the xDestroy callback is invoked on pArg when
6698 ** the collating function is deleted.
6699 ** ^Collating functions are deleted when they are overridden by later
6700 ** calls to the collation creation functions or when the
6701 ** [database connection] is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
6702 **
6703 ** ^The xDestroy callback is <u>not</u> called if the
6704 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() function fails.  Applications that invoke
6705 ** sqlite3_create_collation_v2() with a non-NULL xDestroy argument should
6706 ** check the return code and dispose of the application data pointer
6707 ** themselves rather than expecting SQLite to deal with it for them.
6708 ** This is different from every other SQLite interface.  The inconsistency
6709 ** is unfortunate but cannot be changed without breaking backwards
6710 ** compatibility.
6711 **
6712 ** See also:  [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
6713 */
6714 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation(
6715   sqlite3*,
6716   const char *zName,
6717   int eTextRep,
6718   void *pArg,
6719   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
6720 );
6721 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
6722   sqlite3*,
6723   const char *zName,
6724   int eTextRep,
6725   void *pArg,
6726   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
6727   void(*xDestroy)(void*)
6728 );
6729 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_collation16(
6730   sqlite3*,
6731   const void *zName,
6732   int eTextRep,
6733   void *pArg,
6734   int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
6735 );
6736 
6737 /*
6738 ** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks
6739 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6740 **
6741 ** ^To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
6742 ** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
6743 ** [database connection] to be invoked whenever an undefined collation
6744 ** sequence is required.
6745 **
6746 ** ^If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
6747 ** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
6748 ** encoded in UTF-8. ^If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used,
6749 ** the names are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order.
6750 ** ^A call to either function replaces the existing collation-needed callback.
6751 **
6752 ** ^(When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
6753 ** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
6754 ** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
6755 ** connection.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8], [SQLITE_UTF16BE],
6756 ** or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most desirable form of the collation
6757 ** sequence function required.  The fourth parameter is the name of the
6758 ** required collation sequence.)^
6759 **
6760 ** The callback function should register the desired collation using
6761 ** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
6762 ** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
6763 */
6764 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed(
6765   sqlite3*,
6766   void*,
6767   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
6768 );
6769 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
6770   sqlite3*,
6771   void*,
6772   void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
6773 );
6774 
6775 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_CEROD
6776 /*
6777 ** Specify the activation key for a CEROD database.  Unless
6778 ** activated, none of the CEROD routines will work.
6779 */
6780 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_activate_cerod(
6781   const char *zPassPhrase        /* Activation phrase */
6782 );
6783 #endif
6784 
6785 /*
6786 ** CAPI3REF: Suspend Execution For A Short Time
6787 **
6788 ** The sqlite3_sleep() function causes the current thread to suspend execution
6789 ** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
6790 **
6791 ** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with
6792 ** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to
6793 ** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually
6794 ** requested from the operating system is returned.
6795 **
6796 ** ^SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
6797 ** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.  If the xSleep() method
6798 ** of the default VFS is not implemented correctly, or not implemented at
6799 ** all, then the behavior of sqlite3_sleep() may deviate from the description
6800 ** in the previous paragraphs.
6801 **
6802 ** If a negative argument is passed to sqlite3_sleep() the results vary by
6803 ** VFS and operating system.  Some system treat a negative argument as an
6804 ** instruction to sleep forever.  Others understand it to mean do not sleep
6805 ** at all. ^In SQLite version 3.42.0 and later, a negative
6806 ** argument passed into sqlite3_sleep() is changed to zero before it is relayed
6807 ** down into the xSleep method of the VFS.
6808 */
6809 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_sleep(int);
6810 
6811 /*
6812 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files
6813 **
6814 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6815 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all temporary files
6816 ** created by SQLite when using a built-in [sqlite3_vfs | VFS]
6817 ** will be placed in that directory.)^  ^If this variable
6818 ** is a NULL pointer, then SQLite performs a search for an appropriate
6819 ** temporary file directory.
6820 **
6821 ** Applications are strongly discouraged from using this global variable.
6822 ** It is required to set a temporary folder on Windows Runtime (WinRT).
6823 ** But for all other platforms, it is highly recommended that applications
6824 ** neither read nor write this variable.  This global variable is a relic
6825 ** that exists for backwards compatibility of legacy applications and should
6826 ** be avoided in new projects.
6827 **
6828 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6829 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6830 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6831 ** thread.
6832 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6833 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6834 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6835 ** thereafter.
6836 **
6837 ** ^The [temp_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6838 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6839 ** the [temp_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6840 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6841 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6842 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6843 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6844 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6845 ** or else the use of the [temp_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6846 ** Except when requested by the [temp_store_directory pragma], SQLite
6847 ** does not free the memory that sqlite3_temp_directory points to.  If
6848 ** the application wants that memory to be freed, it must do
6849 ** so itself, taking care to only do so after all [database connection]
6850 ** objects have been destroyed.
6851 **
6852 ** <b>Note to Windows Runtime users:</b>  The temporary directory must be set
6853 ** prior to calling [sqlite3_open] or [sqlite3_open_v2].  Otherwise, various
6854 ** features that require the use of temporary files may fail.  Here is an
6855 ** example of how to do this using C++ with the Windows Runtime:
6856 **
6857 ** <blockquote><pre>
6858 ** LPCWSTR zPath = Windows::Storage::ApplicationData::Current->
6859 ** &nbsp;     TemporaryFolder->Path->Data();
6860 ** char zPathBuf&#91;MAX_PATH + 1&#93;;
6861 ** memset(zPathBuf, 0, sizeof(zPathBuf));
6862 ** WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, zPath, -1, zPathBuf, sizeof(zPathBuf),
6863 ** &nbsp;     NULL, NULL);
6864 ** sqlite3_temp_directory = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zPathBuf);
6865 ** </pre></blockquote>
6866 */
6867 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
6868 
6869 /*
6870 ** CAPI3REF: Name Of The Folder Holding Database Files
6871 **
6872 ** ^(If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
6873 ** the name of a folder (a.k.a. directory), then all database files
6874 ** specified with a relative pathname and created or accessed by
6875 ** SQLite when using a built-in windows [sqlite3_vfs | VFS] will be assumed
6876 ** to be relative to that directory.)^ ^If this variable is a NULL
6877 ** pointer, then SQLite assumes that all database files specified
6878 ** with a relative pathname are relative to the current directory
6879 ** for the process.  Only the windows VFS makes use of this global
6880 ** variable; it is ignored by the unix VFS.
6881 **
6882 ** Changing the value of this variable while a database connection is
6883 ** open can result in a corrupt database.
6884 **
6885 ** It is not safe to read or modify this variable in more than one
6886 ** thread at a time.  It is not safe to read or modify this variable
6887 ** if a [database connection] is being used at the same time in a separate
6888 ** thread.
6889 ** It is intended that this variable be set once
6890 ** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
6891 ** routines have been called and that this variable remain unchanged
6892 ** thereafter.
6893 **
6894 ** ^The [data_store_directory pragma] may modify this variable and cause
6895 ** it to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc].  ^Furthermore,
6896 ** the [data_store_directory pragma] always assumes that any string
6897 ** that this variable points to is held in memory obtained from
6898 ** [sqlite3_malloc] and the pragma may attempt to free that memory
6899 ** using [sqlite3_free].
6900 ** Hence, if this variable is modified directly, either it should be
6901 ** made NULL or made to point to memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6902 ** or else the use of the [data_store_directory pragma] should be avoided.
6903 */
6904 SQLITE_API SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_data_directory;
6905 
6906 /*
6907 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Specific Interface
6908 **
6909 ** These interfaces are available only on Windows.  The
6910 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface is used to set the value associated
6911 ** with the [sqlite3_temp_directory] or [sqlite3_data_directory] variable, to
6912 ** zValue, depending on the value of the type parameter.  The zValue parameter
6913 ** should be NULL to cause the previous value to be freed via [sqlite3_free];
6914 ** a non-NULL value will be copied into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc]
6915 ** prior to being used.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface returns
6916 ** [SQLITE_OK] to indicate success, [SQLITE_ERROR] if the type is unsupported,
6917 ** or [SQLITE_NOMEM] if memory could not be allocated.  The value of the
6918 ** [sqlite3_data_directory] variable is intended to act as a replacement for
6919 ** the current directory on the sub-platforms of Win32 where that concept is
6920 ** not present, e.g. WinRT and UWP.  The [sqlite3_win32_set_directory8] and
6921 ** [sqlite3_win32_set_directory16] interfaces behave exactly the same as the
6922 ** sqlite3_win32_set_directory interface except the string parameter must be
6923 ** UTF-8 or UTF-16, respectively.
6924 */
6925 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory(
6926   unsigned long type, /* Identifier for directory being set or reset */
6927   void *zValue        /* New value for directory being set or reset */
6928 );
6929 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory8(unsigned long type, const char *zValue);
6930 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_win32_set_directory16(unsigned long type, const void *zValue);
6931 
6932 /*
6933 ** CAPI3REF: Win32 Directory Types
6934 **
6935 ** These macros are only available on Windows.  They define the allowed values
6936 ** for the type argument to the [sqlite3_win32_set_directory] interface.
6937 */
6938 #define SQLITE_WIN32_DATA_DIRECTORY_TYPE  1
6939 #define SQLITE_WIN32_TEMP_DIRECTORY_TYPE  2
6940 
6941 /*
6942 ** CAPI3REF: Test For Auto-Commit Mode
6943 ** KEYWORDS: {autocommit mode}
6944 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6945 **
6946 ** ^The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interface returns non-zero or
6947 ** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
6948 ** respectively.  ^Autocommit mode is on by default.
6949 ** ^Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
6950 ** ^Autocommit mode is re-enabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
6951 **
6952 ** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
6953 ** transaction (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR],
6954 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
6955 ** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
6956 ** find out whether SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
6957 ** an error is to use this function.
6958 **
6959 ** If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
6960 ** connection while this routine is running, then the return value
6961 ** is undefined.
6962 */
6963 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
6964 
6965 /*
6966 ** CAPI3REF: Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement
6967 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
6968 **
6969 ** ^The sqlite3_db_handle interface returns the [database connection] handle
6970 ** to which a [prepared statement] belongs.  ^The [database connection]
6971 ** returned by sqlite3_db_handle is the same [database connection]
6972 ** that was the first argument
6973 ** to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] call (or its variants) that was used to
6974 ** create the statement in the first place.
6975 */
6976 SQLITE_API sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
6977 
6978 /*
6979 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Schema Name For A Database Connection
6980 ** METHOD: sqlite3
6981 **
6982 ** ^The sqlite3_db_name(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the schema name
6983 ** for the N-th database on database connection D, or a NULL pointer if N is
6984 ** out of range.  An N value of 0 means the main database file.  An N of 1 is
6985 ** the "temp" schema.  Larger values of N correspond to various ATTACH-ed
6986 ** databases.
6987 **
6988 ** Space to hold the string that is returned by sqlite3_db_name() is managed
6989 ** by SQLite itself.  The string might be deallocated by any operation that
6990 ** changes the schema, including [ATTACH] or [DETACH] or calls to
6991 ** [sqlite3_serialize()] or [sqlite3_deserialize()], even operations that
6992 ** occur on a different thread.  Applications that need to
6993 ** remember the string long-term should make their own copy.  Applications that
6994 ** are accessing the same database connection simultaneously on multiple
6995 ** threads should mutex-protect calls to this API and should make their own
6996 ** private copy of the result prior to releasing the mutex.
6997 */
6998 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_db_name(sqlite3 *db, int N);
6999 
7000 /*
7001 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Filename For A Database Connection
7002 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7003 **
7004 ** ^The sqlite3_db_filename(D,N) interface returns a pointer to the filename
7005 ** associated with database N of connection D.
7006 ** ^If there is no attached database N on the database
7007 ** connection D, or if database N is a temporary or in-memory database, then
7008 ** this function will return either a NULL pointer or an empty string.
7009 **
7010 ** ^The string value returned by this routine is owned and managed by
7011 ** the database connection.  ^The value will be valid until the database N
7012 ** is [DETACH]-ed or until the database connection closes.
7013 **
7014 ** ^The filename returned by this function is the output of the
7015 ** xFullPathname method of the [VFS].  ^In other words, the filename
7016 ** will be an absolute pathname, even if the filename used
7017 ** to open the database originally was a URI or relative pathname.
7018 **
7019 ** If the filename pointer returned by this routine is not NULL, then it
7020 ** can be used as the filename input parameter to these routines:
7021 ** <ul>
7022 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_parameter()]
7023 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_boolean()]
7024 ** <li> [sqlite3_uri_int64()]
7025 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_database()]
7026 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_journal()]
7027 ** <li> [sqlite3_filename_wal()]
7028 ** </ul>
7029 */
7030 SQLITE_API sqlite3_filename sqlite3_db_filename(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
7031 
7032 /*
7033 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a database is read-only
7034 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7035 **
7036 ** ^The sqlite3_db_readonly(D,N) interface returns 1 if the database N
7037 ** of connection D is read-only, 0 if it is read/write, or -1 if N is not
7038 ** the name of a database on connection D.
7039 */
7040 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_readonly(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDbName);
7041 
7042 /*
7043 ** CAPI3REF: Determine the transaction state of a database
7044 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7045 **
7046 ** ^The sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) interface returns the current
7047 ** [transaction state] of schema S in database connection D.  ^If S is NULL,
7048 ** then the highest transaction state of any schema on database connection D
7049 ** is returned.  Transaction states are (in order of lowest to highest):
7050 ** <ol>
7051 ** <li value="0"> SQLITE_TXN_NONE
7052 ** <li value="1"> SQLITE_TXN_READ
7053 ** <li value="2"> SQLITE_TXN_WRITE
7054 ** </ol>
7055 ** ^If the S argument to sqlite3_txn_state(D,S) is not the name of
7056 ** a valid schema, then -1 is returned.
7057 */
7058 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_txn_state(sqlite3*,const char *zSchema);
7059 
7060 /*
7061 ** CAPI3REF: Allowed return values from sqlite3_txn_state()
7062 ** KEYWORDS: {transaction state}
7063 **
7064 ** These constants define the current transaction state of a database file.
7065 ** ^The [sqlite3_txn_state(D,S)] interface returns one of these
7066 ** constants in order to describe the transaction state of schema S
7067 ** in [database connection] D.
7068 **
7069 ** <dl>
7070 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_NONE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_NONE</dt>
7071 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_NONE state means that no transaction is currently
7072 ** pending.</dd>
7073 **
7074 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_READ]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_READ</dt>
7075 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_READ state means that the database is currently
7076 ** in a read transaction.  Content has been read from the database file
7077 ** but nothing in the database file has changed.  The transaction state
7078 ** will be advanced to SQLITE_TXN_WRITE if any changes occur and there are
7079 ** no other conflicting concurrent write transactions.  The transaction
7080 ** state will revert to SQLITE_TXN_NONE following a [ROLLBACK] or
7081 ** [COMMIT].</dd>
7082 **
7083 ** [[SQLITE_TXN_WRITE]] <dt>SQLITE_TXN_WRITE</dt>
7084 ** <dd>The SQLITE_TXN_WRITE state means that the database is currently
7085 ** in a write transaction.  Content has been written to the database file
7086 ** but has not yet committed.  The transaction state will change to
7087 ** SQLITE_TXN_NONE at the next [ROLLBACK] or [COMMIT].</dd>
7088 */
7089 #define SQLITE_TXN_NONE  0
7090 #define SQLITE_TXN_READ  1
7091 #define SQLITE_TXN_WRITE 2
7092 
7093 /*
7094 ** CAPI3REF: Find the next prepared statement
7095 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7096 **
7097 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the next [prepared statement] after
7098 ** pStmt associated with the [database connection] pDb.  ^If pStmt is NULL
7099 ** then this interface returns a pointer to the first prepared statement
7100 ** associated with the database connection pDb.  ^If no prepared statement
7101 ** satisfies the conditions of this routine, it returns NULL.
7102 **
7103 ** The [database connection] pointer D in a call to
7104 ** [sqlite3_next_stmt(D,S)] must refer to an open database
7105 ** connection and in particular must not be a NULL pointer.
7106 */
7107 SQLITE_API sqlite3_stmt *sqlite3_next_stmt(sqlite3 *pDb, sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
7108 
7109 /*
7110 ** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks
7111 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7112 **
7113 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
7114 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [COMMIT | committed].
7115 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
7116 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
7117 ** ^The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
7118 ** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is [ROLLBACK | rolled back].
7119 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_rollback_hook()
7120 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
7121 ** ^The pArg argument is passed through to the callback.
7122 ** ^If the callback on a commit hook function returns non-zero,
7123 ** then the commit is converted into a rollback.
7124 **
7125 ** ^The sqlite3_commit_hook(D,C,P) and sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,C,P) functions
7126 ** return the P argument from the previous call of the same function
7127 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
7128 ** the first call for each function on D.
7129 **
7130 ** The commit and rollback hook callbacks are not reentrant.
7131 ** The callback implementation must not do anything that will modify
7132 ** the database connection that invoked the callback.  Any actions
7133 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
7134 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the commit
7135 ** or rollback hook in the first place.
7136 ** Note that running any other SQL statements, including SELECT statements,
7137 ** or merely calling [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] will modify
7138 ** the database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
7139 **
7140 ** ^Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
7141 **
7142 ** ^When the commit hook callback routine returns zero, the [COMMIT]
7143 ** operation is allowed to continue normally.  ^If the commit hook
7144 ** returns non-zero, then the [COMMIT] is converted into a [ROLLBACK].
7145 ** ^The rollback hook is invoked on a rollback that results from a commit
7146 ** hook returning non-zero, just as it would be with any other rollback.
7147 **
7148 ** ^For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been
7149 ** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
7150 ** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
7151 ** ^The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
7152 ** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
7153 **
7154 ** See also the [sqlite3_update_hook()] interface.
7155 */
7156 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
7157 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
7158 
7159 /*
7160 ** CAPI3REF: Autovacuum Compaction Amount Callback
7161 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7162 **
7163 ** ^The sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) interface registers a callback
7164 ** function C that is invoked prior to each autovacuum of the database
7165 ** file.  ^The callback is passed a copy of the generic data pointer (P),
7166 ** the schema-name of the attached database that is being autovacuumed,
7167 ** the size of the database file in pages, the number of free pages,
7168 ** and the number of bytes per page, respectively.  The callback should
7169 ** return the number of free pages that should be removed by the
7170 ** autovacuum.  ^If the callback returns zero, then no autovacuum happens.
7171 ** ^If the value returned is greater than or equal to the number of
7172 ** free pages, then a complete autovacuum happens.
7173 **
7174 ** <p>^If there are multiple ATTACH-ed database files that are being
7175 ** modified as part of a transaction commit, then the autovacuum pages
7176 ** callback is invoked separately for each file.
7177 **
7178 ** <p><b>The callback is not reentrant.</b> The callback function should
7179 ** not attempt to invoke any other SQLite interface.  If it does, bad
7180 ** things may happen, including segmentation faults and corrupt database
7181 ** files.  The callback function should be a simple function that
7182 ** does some arithmetic on its input parameters and returns a result.
7183 **
7184 ** ^The X parameter to sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) is an optional
7185 ** destructor for the P parameter.  ^If X is not NULL, then X(P) is
7186 ** invoked whenever the database connection closes or when the callback
7187 ** is overwritten by another invocation of sqlite3_autovacuum_pages().
7188 **
7189 ** <p>^There is only one autovacuum pages callback per database connection.
7190 ** ^Each call to the sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() interface overrides all
7191 ** previous invocations for that database connection.  ^If the callback
7192 ** argument (C) to sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(D,C,P,X) is a NULL pointer,
7193 ** then the autovacuum steps callback is canceled.  The return value
7194 ** from sqlite3_autovacuum_pages() is normally SQLITE_OK, but might
7195 ** be some other error code if something goes wrong.  The current
7196 ** implementation will only return SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_MISUSE, but other
7197 ** return codes might be added in future releases.
7198 **
7199 ** <p>If no autovacuum pages callback is specified (the usual case) or
7200 ** a NULL pointer is provided for the callback,
7201 ** then the default behavior is to vacuum all free pages.  So, in other
7202 ** words, the default behavior is the same as if the callback function
7203 ** were something like this:
7204 **
7205 ** <blockquote><pre>
7206 ** &nbsp;   unsigned int demonstration_autovac_pages_callback(
7207 ** &nbsp;     void *pClientData,
7208 ** &nbsp;     const char *zSchema,
7209 ** &nbsp;     unsigned int nDbPage,
7210 ** &nbsp;     unsigned int nFreePage,
7211 ** &nbsp;     unsigned int nBytePerPage
7212 ** &nbsp;   ){
7213 ** &nbsp;     return nFreePage;
7214 ** &nbsp;   }
7215 ** </pre></blockquote>
7216 */
7217 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_autovacuum_pages(
7218   sqlite3 *db,
7219   unsigned int(*)(void*,const char*,unsigned int,unsigned int,unsigned int),
7220   void*,
7221   void(*)(void*)
7222 );
7223 
7224 
7225 /*
7226 ** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks
7227 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7228 **
7229 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook() interface registers a callback function
7230 ** with the [database connection] identified by the first argument
7231 ** to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted in
7232 ** a [rowid table].
7233 ** ^Any callback set by a previous call to this function
7234 ** for the same database connection is overridden.
7235 **
7236 ** ^The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a
7237 ** row is updated, inserted or deleted in a rowid table.
7238 ** ^The update hook is disabled by invoking sqlite3_update_hook()
7239 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
7240 ** ^The first argument to the callback is a copy of the third argument
7241 ** to sqlite3_update_hook().
7242 ** ^The second callback argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE],
7243 ** or [SQLITE_UPDATE], depending on the operation that caused the callback
7244 ** to be invoked.
7245 ** ^The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the
7246 ** database and table name containing the affected row.
7247 ** ^The final callback parameter is the [rowid] of the row.
7248 ** ^In the case of an update, this is the [rowid] after the update takes place.
7249 **
7250 ** ^(The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
7251 ** modified (i.e. sqlite_sequence).)^
7252 ** ^The update hook is not invoked when [WITHOUT ROWID] tables are modified.
7253 **
7254 ** ^In the current implementation, the update hook
7255 ** is not invoked when conflicting rows are deleted because of an
7256 ** [ON CONFLICT | ON CONFLICT REPLACE] clause.  ^Nor is the update hook
7257 ** invoked when rows are deleted using the [truncate optimization].
7258 ** The exceptions defined in this paragraph might change in a future
7259 ** release of SQLite.
7260 **
7261 ** Whether the update hook is invoked before or after the
7262 ** corresponding change is currently unspecified and may differ
7263 ** depending on the type of change. Do not rely on the order of the
7264 ** hook call with regards to the final result of the operation which
7265 ** triggers the hook.
7266 **
7267 ** The update hook implementation must not do anything that will modify
7268 ** the database connection that invoked the update hook.  Any actions
7269 ** to modify the database connection must be deferred until after the
7270 ** completion of the [sqlite3_step()] call that triggered the update hook.
7271 ** Note that [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_step()] both modify their
7272 ** database connections for the meaning of "modify" in this paragraph.
7273 **
7274 ** ^The sqlite3_update_hook(D,C,P) function
7275 ** returns the P argument from the previous call
7276 ** on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
7277 ** the first call on D.
7278 **
7279 ** See also the [sqlite3_commit_hook()], [sqlite3_rollback_hook()],
7280 ** and [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interfaces.
7281 */
7282 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_update_hook(
7283   sqlite3*,
7284   void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
7285   void*
7286 );
7287 
7288 /*
7289 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache
7290 **
7291 ** ^(This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
7292 ** and schema data structures between [database connection | connections]
7293 ** to the same database. Sharing is enabled if the argument is true
7294 ** and disabled if the argument is false.)^
7295 **
7296 ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with
7297 ** [-DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE].  The [-DSQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE]
7298 ** compile-time option is recommended because the
7299 ** [use of shared cache mode is discouraged].
7300 **
7301 ** ^Cache sharing is enabled and disabled for an entire process.
7302 ** This is a change as of SQLite [version 3.5.0] ([dateof:3.5.0]).
7303 ** In prior versions of SQLite,
7304 ** sharing was enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
7305 **
7306 ** ^(The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
7307 ** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
7308 ** Existing database connections continue to use the sharing mode
7309 ** that was in effect at the time they were opened.)^
7310 **
7311 ** ^(This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled
7312 ** successfully.  An [error code] is returned otherwise.)^
7313 **
7314 ** ^Shared cache is disabled by default. It is recommended that it stay
7315 ** that way.  In other words, do not use this routine.  This interface
7316 ** continues to be provided for historical compatibility, but its use is
7317 ** discouraged.  Any use of shared cache is discouraged.  If shared cache
7318 ** must be used, it is recommended that shared cache only be enabled for
7319 ** individual database connections using the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface
7320 ** with the [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE] flag.
7321 **
7322 ** Note: This method is disabled on MacOS X 10.7 and iOS version 5.0
7323 ** and will always return SQLITE_MISUSE. On those systems,
7324 ** shared cache mode should be enabled per-database connection via
7325 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] with [SQLITE_OPEN_SHAREDCACHE].
7326 **
7327 ** This interface is threadsafe on processors where writing a
7328 ** 32-bit integer is atomic.
7329 **
7330 ** See Also:  [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode]
7331 */
7332 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
7333 
7334 /*
7335 ** CAPI3REF: Attempt To Free Heap Memory
7336 **
7337 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to free N bytes
7338 ** of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory allocations
7339 ** held by the database library.   Memory used to cache database
7340 ** pages to improve performance is an example of non-essential memory.
7341 ** ^sqlite3_release_memory() returns the number of bytes actually freed,
7342 ** which might be more or less than the amount requested.
7343 ** ^The sqlite3_release_memory() routine is a no-op returning zero
7344 ** if SQLite is not compiled with [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT].
7345 **
7346 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_release_memory()]
7347 */
7348 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
7349 
7350 /*
7351 ** CAPI3REF: Free Memory Used By A Database Connection
7352 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7353 **
7354 ** ^The sqlite3_db_release_memory(D) interface attempts to free as much heap
7355 ** memory as possible from database connection D. Unlike the
7356 ** [sqlite3_release_memory()] interface, this interface is in effect even
7357 ** when the [SQLITE_ENABLE_MEMORY_MANAGEMENT] compile-time option is
7358 ** omitted.
7359 **
7360 ** See also: [sqlite3_release_memory()]
7361 */
7362 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_release_memory(sqlite3*);
7363 
7364 /*
7365 ** CAPI3REF: Impose A Limit On Heap Size
7366 **
7367 ** These interfaces impose limits on the amount of heap memory that will be
7368 ** used by all database connections within a single process.
7369 **
7370 ** ^The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() interface sets and/or queries the
7371 ** soft limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated by SQLite.
7372 ** ^SQLite strives to keep heap memory utilization below the soft heap
7373 ** limit by reducing the number of pages held in the page cache
7374 ** as heap memory usages approaches the limit.
7375 ** ^The soft heap limit is "soft" because even though SQLite strives to stay
7376 ** below the limit, it will exceed the limit rather than generate
7377 ** an [SQLITE_NOMEM] error.  In other words, the soft heap limit
7378 ** is advisory only.
7379 **
7380 ** ^The sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface sets a hard upper bound of
7381 ** N bytes on the amount of memory that will be allocated.  ^The
7382 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) interface is similar to
7383 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(N) except that memory allocations will fail
7384 ** when the hard heap limit is reached.
7385 **
7386 ** ^The return value from both sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64() and
7387 ** sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64() is the size of
7388 ** the heap limit prior to the call, or negative in the case of an
7389 ** error.  ^If the argument N is negative
7390 ** then no change is made to the heap limit.  Hence, the current
7391 ** size of heap limits can be determined by invoking
7392 ** sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(-1) or sqlite3_hard_heap_limit(-1).
7393 **
7394 ** ^Setting the heap limits to zero disables the heap limiter mechanism.
7395 **
7396 ** ^The soft heap limit may not be greater than the hard heap limit.
7397 ** ^If the hard heap limit is enabled and if sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)
7398 ** is invoked with a value of N that is greater than the hard heap limit,
7399 ** the soft heap limit is set to the value of the hard heap limit.
7400 ** ^The soft heap limit is automatically enabled whenever the hard heap
7401 ** limit is enabled. ^When sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(N) is invoked and
7402 ** the soft heap limit is outside the range of 1..N, then the soft heap
7403 ** limit is set to N.  ^Invoking sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(0) when the
7404 ** hard heap limit is enabled makes the soft heap limit equal to the
7405 ** hard heap limit.
7406 **
7407 ** The memory allocation limits can also be adjusted using
7408 ** [PRAGMA soft_heap_limit] and [PRAGMA hard_heap_limit].
7409 **
7410 ** ^(The heap limits are not enforced in the current implementation
7411 ** if one or more of following conditions are true:
7412 **
7413 ** <ul>
7414 ** <li> The limit value is set to zero.
7415 ** <li> Memory accounting is disabled using a combination of the
7416 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_MEMSTATUS],...) start-time option and
7417 **      the [SQLITE_DEFAULT_MEMSTATUS] compile-time option.
7418 ** <li> An alternative page cache implementation is specified using
7419 **      [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2],...).
7420 ** <li> The page cache allocates from its own memory pool supplied
7421 **      by [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE],...) rather than
7422 **      from the heap.
7423 ** </ul>)^
7424 **
7425 ** The circumstances under which SQLite will enforce the heap limits may
7426 ** change in future releases of SQLite.
7427 */
7428 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
7429 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_hard_heap_limit64(sqlite3_int64 N);
7430 
7431 /*
7432 ** CAPI3REF: Deprecated Soft Heap Limit Interface
7433 ** DEPRECATED
7434 **
7435 ** This is a deprecated version of the [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()]
7436 ** interface.  This routine is provided for historical compatibility
7437 ** only.  All new applications should use the
7438 ** [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit64()] interface rather than this one.
7439 */
7440 SQLITE_API SQLITE_DEPRECATED void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int N);
7441 
7442 
7443 /*
7444 ** CAPI3REF: Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table
7445 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7446 **
7447 ** ^(The sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,....) routine returns
7448 ** information about column C of table T in database D
7449 ** on [database connection] X.)^  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata()
7450 ** interface returns SQLITE_OK and fills in the non-NULL pointers in
7451 ** the final five arguments with appropriate values if the specified
7452 ** column exists.  ^The sqlite3_table_column_metadata() interface returns
7453 ** SQLITE_ERROR if the specified column does not exist.
7454 ** ^If the column-name parameter to sqlite3_table_column_metadata() is a
7455 ** NULL pointer, then this routine simply checks for the existence of the
7456 ** table and returns SQLITE_OK if the table exists and SQLITE_ERROR if it
7457 ** does not.  If the table name parameter T in a call to
7458 ** sqlite3_table_column_metadata(X,D,T,C,...) is NULL then the result is
7459 ** undefined behavior.
7460 **
7461 ** ^The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to
7462 ** this function. ^(The second parameter is either the name of the database
7463 ** (i.e. "main", "temp", or an attached database) containing the specified
7464 ** table or NULL.)^ ^If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
7465 ** for the table using the same algorithm used by the database engine to
7466 ** resolve unqualified table references.
7467 **
7468 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column
7469 ** name of the desired column, respectively.
7470 **
7471 ** ^Metadata is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as the 5th
7472 ** and subsequent parameters to this function. ^Any of these arguments may be
7473 ** NULL, in which case the corresponding element of metadata is omitted.
7474 **
7475 ** ^(<blockquote>
7476 ** <table border="1">
7477 ** <tr><th> Parameter <th> Output<br>Type <th>  Description
7478 **
7479 ** <tr><td> 5th <td> const char* <td> Data type
7480 ** <tr><td> 6th <td> const char* <td> Name of default collation sequence
7481 ** <tr><td> 7th <td> int         <td> True if column has a NOT NULL constraint
7482 ** <tr><td> 8th <td> int         <td> True if column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
7483 ** <tr><td> 9th <td> int         <td> True if column is [AUTOINCREMENT]
7484 ** </table>
7485 ** </blockquote>)^
7486 **
7487 ** ^The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the
7488 ** declaration type and collation sequence is valid until the next
7489 ** call to any SQLite API function.
7490 **
7491 ** ^If the specified table is actually a view, an [error code] is returned.
7492 **
7493 ** ^If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and the table
7494 ** is not a [WITHOUT ROWID] table and an
7495 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column has been explicitly declared, then the output
7496 ** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. ^(If there is no
7497 ** [INTEGER PRIMARY KEY] column, then the outputs
7498 ** for the [rowid] are set as follows:
7499 **
7500 ** <pre>
7501 **     data type: "INTEGER"
7502 **     collation sequence: "BINARY"
7503 **     not null: 0
7504 **     primary key: 1
7505 **     auto increment: 0
7506 ** </pre>)^
7507 **
7508 ** ^This function causes all database schemas to be read from disk and
7509 ** parsed, if that has not already been done, and returns an error if
7510 ** any errors are encountered while loading the schema.
7511 */
7512 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
7513   sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
7514   const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
7515   const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
7516   const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
7517   char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
7518   char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
7519   int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
7520   int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
7521   int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
7522 );
7523 
7524 /*
7525 ** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension
7526 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7527 **
7528 ** ^This interface loads an SQLite extension library from the named file.
7529 **
7530 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface attempts to load an
7531 ** [SQLite extension] library contained in the file zFile.  If
7532 ** the file cannot be loaded directly, attempts are made to load
7533 ** with various operating-system specific filename extensions added.
7534 ** So for example, if "samplelib" cannot be loaded, then names like
7535 ** "samplelib.so" or "samplelib.dylib" or "samplelib.dll" might
7536 ** be tried also.
7537 **
7538 ** ^The entry point is zProc.
7539 ** ^(zProc may be 0, in which case SQLite will try to come up with an
7540 ** entry point name on its own.  It first tries "sqlite3_extension_init".
7541 ** If that does not work, it tries names of the form "sqlite3_X_init"
7542 ** where X consists of the lower-case equivalent of all ASCII alphabetic
7543 ** characters or all ASCII alphanumeric characters in the filename from
7544 ** the last "/" to the first following "." and omitting any initial "lib".)^
7545 ** ^The sqlite3_load_extension() interface returns
7546 ** [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
7547 ** ^If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
7548 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] interface shall attempt to
7549 ** fill *pzErrMsg with error message text stored in memory
7550 ** obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()]. The calling function
7551 ** should free this memory by calling [sqlite3_free()].
7552 **
7553 ** ^Extension loading must be enabled using
7554 ** [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] or
7555 ** [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],1,NULL)
7556 ** prior to calling this API,
7557 ** otherwise an error will be returned.
7558 **
7559 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that the
7560 ** [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method be used to enable only this
7561 ** interface.  The use of the [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()] interface
7562 ** should be avoided.  This will keep the SQL function [load_extension()]
7563 ** disabled and prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
7564 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
7565 **
7566 ** See also the [load_extension() SQL function].
7567 */
7568 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_load_extension(
7569   sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
7570   const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
7571   const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
7572   char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
7573 );
7574 
7575 /*
7576 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extension Loading
7577 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7578 **
7579 ** ^So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
7580 ** unprepared to deal with [extension loading], and as a means of disabling
7581 ** [extension loading] while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following API
7582 ** is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and off.
7583 **
7584 ** ^Extension loading is off by default.
7585 ** ^Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine with onoff==1
7586 ** to turn extension loading on and call it with onoff==0 to turn
7587 ** it back off again.
7588 **
7589 ** ^This interface enables or disables both the C-API
7590 ** [sqlite3_load_extension()] and the SQL function [load_extension()].
7591 ** ^(Use [sqlite3_db_config](db,[SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION],..)
7592 ** to enable or disable only the C-API.)^
7593 **
7594 ** <b>Security warning:</b> It is recommended that extension loading
7595 ** be enabled using the [SQLITE_DBCONFIG_ENABLE_LOAD_EXTENSION] method
7596 ** rather than this interface, so the [load_extension()] SQL function
7597 ** remains disabled. This will prevent SQL injections from giving attackers
7598 ** access to extension loading capabilities.
7599 */
7600 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
7601 
7602 /*
7603 ** CAPI3REF: Automatically Load Statically Linked Extensions
7604 **
7605 ** ^This interface causes the xEntryPoint() function to be invoked for
7606 ** each new [database connection] that is created.  The idea here is that
7607 ** xEntryPoint() is the entry point for a statically linked [SQLite extension]
7608 ** that is to be automatically loaded into all new database connections.
7609 **
7610 ** ^(Even though the function prototype shows that xEntryPoint() takes
7611 ** no arguments and returns void, SQLite invokes xEntryPoint() with three
7612 ** arguments and expects an integer result as if the signature of the
7613 ** entry point were as follows:
7614 **
7615 ** <blockquote><pre>
7616 ** &nbsp;  int xEntryPoint(
7617 ** &nbsp;    sqlite3 *db,
7618 ** &nbsp;    char **pzErrMsg,
7619 ** &nbsp;    const struct sqlite3_api_routines *pThunk
7620 ** &nbsp;  );
7621 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
7622 **
7623 ** If the xEntryPoint routine encounters an error, it should make *pzErrMsg
7624 ** point to an appropriate error message (obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()])
7625 ** and return an appropriate [error code].  ^SQLite ensures that *pzErrMsg
7626 ** is NULL before calling the xEntryPoint().  ^SQLite will invoke
7627 ** [sqlite3_free()] on *pzErrMsg after xEntryPoint() returns.  ^If any
7628 ** xEntryPoint() returns an error, the [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
7629 ** or [sqlite3_open_v2()] call that provoked the xEntryPoint() will fail.
7630 **
7631 ** ^Calling sqlite3_auto_extension(X) with an entry point X that is already
7632 ** on the list of automatic extensions is a harmless no-op. ^No entry point
7633 ** will be called more than once for each database connection that is opened.
7634 **
7635 ** See also: [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()]
7636 ** and [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension()]
7637 */
7638 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
7639 
7640 /*
7641 ** CAPI3REF: Cancel Automatic Extension Loading
7642 **
7643 ** ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)] interface unregisters the
7644 ** initialization routine X that was registered using a prior call to
7645 ** [sqlite3_auto_extension(X)].  ^The [sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(X)]
7646 ** routine returns 1 if initialization routine X was successfully
7647 ** unregistered and it returns 0 if X was not on the list of initialization
7648 ** routines.
7649 */
7650 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_cancel_auto_extension(void(*xEntryPoint)(void));
7651 
7652 /*
7653 ** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading
7654 **
7655 ** ^This interface disables all automatic extensions previously
7656 ** registered using [sqlite3_auto_extension()].
7657 */
7658 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
7659 
7660 /*
7661 ** Structures used by the virtual table interface
7662 */
7663 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
7664 typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
7665 typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
7666 typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
7667 
7668 /*
7669 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object
7670 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module {virtual table module}
7671 **
7672 ** This structure, sometimes called a "virtual table module",
7673 ** defines the implementation of a [virtual table].
7674 ** This structure consists mostly of methods for the module.
7675 **
7676 ** ^A virtual table module is created by filling in a persistent
7677 ** instance of this structure and passing a pointer to that instance
7678 ** to [sqlite3_create_module()] or [sqlite3_create_module_v2()].
7679 ** ^The registration remains valid until it is replaced by a different
7680 ** module or until the [database connection] closes.  The content
7681 ** of this structure must not change while it is registered with
7682 ** any database connection.
7683 */
7684 struct sqlite3_module {
7685   int iVersion;
7686   int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
7687                int argc, const char *const*argv,
7688                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
7689   int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
7690                int argc, const char *const*argv,
7691                sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
7692   int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
7693   int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7694   int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7695   int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
7696   int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
7697   int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
7698                 int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
7699   int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
7700   int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
7701   int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
7702   int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
7703   int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
7704   int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7705   int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7706   int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7707   int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
7708   int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
7709                        void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
7710                        void **ppArg);
7711   int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
7712   /* The methods above are in version 1 of the sqlite_module object. Those
7713   ** below are for version 2 and greater. */
7714   int (*xSavepoint)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
7715   int (*xRelease)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
7716   int (*xRollbackTo)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int);
7717   /* The methods above are in versions 1 and 2 of the sqlite_module object.
7718   ** Those below are for version 3 and greater. */
7719   int (*xShadowName)(const char*);
7720   /* The methods above are in versions 1 through 3 of the sqlite_module object.
7721   ** Those below are for version 4 and greater. */
7722   int (*xIntegrity)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, const char *zSchema,
7723                     const char *zTabName, int mFlags, char **pzErr);
7724 };
7725 
7726 /*
7727 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information
7728 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
7729 **
7730 ** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used as part
7731 ** of the [virtual table] interface to
7732 ** pass information into and receive the reply from the [xBestIndex]
7733 ** method of a [virtual table module].  The fields under **Inputs** are the
7734 ** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
7735 ** results into the **Outputs** fields.
7736 **
7737 ** ^(The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the form:
7738 **
7739 ** <blockquote>column OP expr</blockquote>
7740 **
7741 ** where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.)^  ^(The particular operator is
7742 ** stored in aConstraint[].op using one of the
7743 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ | SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ values].)^
7744 ** ^(The index of the column is stored in
7745 ** aConstraint[].iColumn.)^  ^(aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
7746 ** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
7747 ** is usable) and false if it cannot.)^
7748 **
7749 ** ^The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
7750 ** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
7751 ** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
7752 ** ^The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms that are
7753 ** relevant to the particular virtual table being queried.
7754 **
7755 ** ^Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
7756 ** ^Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
7757 **
7758 ** The colUsed field indicates which columns of the virtual table may be
7759 ** required by the current scan. Virtual table columns are numbered from
7760 ** zero in the order in which they appear within the CREATE TABLE statement
7761 ** passed to sqlite3_declare_vtab(). For the first 63 columns (columns 0-62),
7762 ** the corresponding bit is set within the colUsed mask if the column may be
7763 ** required by SQLite. If the table has at least 64 columns and any column
7764 ** to the right of the first 63 is required, then bit 63 of colUsed is also
7765 ** set. In other words, column iCol may be required if the expression
7766 ** (colUsed & ((sqlite3_uint64)1 << (iCol>=63 ? 63 : iCol))) evaluates to
7767 ** non-zero.
7768 **
7769 ** The [xBestIndex] method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
7770 ** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  ^If argvIndex>0 then
7771 ** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
7772 ** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  ^(If aConstraintUsage[].omit
7773 ** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
7774 ** virtual table and might not be checked again by the byte code.)^ ^(The
7775 ** aConstraintUsage[].omit flag is an optimization hint. When the omit flag
7776 ** is left in its default setting of false, the constraint will always be
7777 ** checked separately in byte code.  If the omit flag is changed to true, then
7778 ** the constraint may or may not be checked in byte code.  In other words,
7779 ** when the omit flag is true there is no guarantee that the constraint will
7780 ** not be checked again using byte code.)^
7781 **
7782 ** ^The idxNum and idxStr values are recorded and passed into the
7783 ** [xFilter] method.
7784 ** ^[sqlite3_free()] is used to free idxStr if and only if
7785 ** needToFreeIdxStr is true.
7786 **
7787 ** ^The orderByConsumed means that output from [xFilter]/[xNext] will occur in
7788 ** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
7789 ** sorting step is required.
7790 **
7791 ** ^The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of a particular
7792 ** strategy. A cost of N indicates that the cost of the strategy is similar
7793 ** to a linear scan of an SQLite table with N rows. A cost of log(N)
7794 ** indicates that the expense of the operation is similar to that of a
7795 ** binary search on a unique indexed field of an SQLite table with N rows.
7796 **
7797 ** ^The estimatedRows value is an estimate of the number of rows that
7798 ** will be returned by the strategy.
7799 **
7800 ** The xBestIndex method may optionally populate the idxFlags field with a
7801 ** mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags. One such flag is
7802 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_HEX], which if set causes the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
7803 ** output to show the idxNum as hex instead of as decimal.  Another flag is
7804 ** SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE, which if set indicates that the query plan will
7805 ** return at most one row.
7806 **
7807 ** Additionally, if xBestIndex sets the SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE flag, then
7808 ** SQLite also assumes that if a call to the xUpdate() method is made as
7809 ** part of the same statement to delete or update a virtual table row and the
7810 ** implementation returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, then there is no need to rollback
7811 ** any database changes. In other words, if the xUpdate() returns
7812 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the database contents must be exactly as they were
7813 ** before xUpdate was called. By contrast, if SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE is not
7814 ** set and xUpdate returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, any database changes made by
7815 ** the xUpdate method are automatically rolled back by SQLite.
7816 **
7817 ** IMPORTANT: The estimatedRows field was added to the sqlite3_index_info
7818 ** structure for SQLite [version 3.8.2] ([dateof:3.8.2]).
7819 ** If a virtual table extension is
7820 ** used with an SQLite version earlier than 3.8.2, the results of attempting
7821 ** to read or write the estimatedRows field are undefined (but are likely
7822 ** to include crashing the application). The estimatedRows field should
7823 ** therefore only be used if [sqlite3_libversion_number()] returns a
7824 ** value greater than or equal to 3008002. Similarly, the idxFlags field
7825 ** was added for [version 3.9.0] ([dateof:3.9.0]).
7826 ** It may therefore only be used if
7827 ** sqlite3_libversion_number() returns a value greater than or equal to
7828 ** 3009000.
7829 */
7830 struct sqlite3_index_info {
7831   /* Inputs */
7832   int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
7833   struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
7834      int iColumn;              /* Column constrained.  -1 for ROWID */
7835      unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
7836      unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
7837      int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
7838   } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
7839   int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
7840   struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
7841      int iColumn;              /* Column number */
7842      unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
7843   } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
7844   /* Outputs */
7845   struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
7846     int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
7847     unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
7848   } *aConstraintUsage;
7849   int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
7850   char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
7851   int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
7852   int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
7853   double estimatedCost;           /* Estimated cost of using this index */
7854   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.8.2 and later */
7855   sqlite3_int64 estimatedRows;    /* Estimated number of rows returned */
7856   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.9.0 and later */
7857   int idxFlags;              /* Mask of SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_* flags */
7858   /* Fields below are only available in SQLite 3.10.0 and later */
7859   sqlite3_uint64 colUsed;    /* Input: Mask of columns used by statement */
7860 };
7861 
7862 /*
7863 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Scan Flags
7864 **
7865 ** Virtual table implementations are allowed to set the
7866 ** [sqlite3_index_info].idxFlags field to some combination of
7867 ** these bits.
7868 */
7869 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_UNIQUE 0x00000001 /* Scan visits at most 1 row */
7870 #define SQLITE_INDEX_SCAN_HEX    0x00000002 /* Display idxNum as hex */
7871                                             /* in EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
7872 
7873 /*
7874 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Constraint Operator Codes
7875 **
7876 ** These macros define the allowed values for the
7877 ** [sqlite3_index_info].aConstraint[].op field.  Each value represents
7878 ** an operator that is part of a constraint term in the WHERE clause of
7879 ** a query that uses a [virtual table].
7880 **
7881 ** ^The left-hand operand of the operator is given by the corresponding
7882 ** aConstraint[].iColumn field.  ^An iColumn of -1 indicates the left-hand
7883 ** operand is the rowid.
7884 ** The SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT and SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET
7885 ** operators have no left-hand operand, and so for those operators the
7886 ** corresponding aConstraint[].iColumn is meaningless and should not be
7887 ** used.
7888 **
7889 ** All operator values from SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION through
7890 ** value 255 are reserved to represent functions that are overloaded
7891 ** by the [xFindFunction|xFindFunction method] of the virtual table
7892 ** implementation.
7893 **
7894 ** The right-hand operands for each constraint might be accessible using
7895 ** the [sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value()] interface.  Usually the right-hand
7896 ** operand is only available if it appears as a single constant literal
7897 ** in the input SQL.  If the right-hand operand is another column or an
7898 ** expression (even a constant expression) or a parameter, then the
7899 ** sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() probably will not be able to extract it.
7900 ** ^The SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL and
7901 ** SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL operators have no right-hand operand
7902 ** and hence calls to sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() for those operators will
7903 ** always return SQLITE_NOTFOUND.
7904 **
7905 ** The collating sequence to be used for comparison can be found using
7906 ** the [sqlite3_vtab_collation()] interface.  For most real-world virtual
7907 ** tables, the collating sequence of constraints does not matter (for example
7908 ** because the constraints are numeric) and so the sqlite3_vtab_collation()
7909 ** interface is not commonly needed.
7910 */
7911 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ          2
7912 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT          4
7913 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE          8
7914 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT         16
7915 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE         32
7916 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH      64
7917 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIKE       65
7918 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GLOB       66
7919 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_REGEXP     67
7920 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_NE         68
7921 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOT      69
7922 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL  70
7923 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL     71
7924 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_IS         72
7925 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LIMIT      73
7926 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_OFFSET     74
7927 #define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_FUNCTION  150
7928 
7929 /*
7930 ** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation
7931 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7932 **
7933 ** ^These routines are used to register a new [virtual table module] name.
7934 ** ^Module names must be registered before
7935 ** creating a new [virtual table] using the module and before using a
7936 ** preexisting [virtual table] for the module.
7937 **
7938 ** ^The module name is registered on the [database connection] specified
7939 ** by the first parameter.  ^The name of the module is given by the
7940 ** second parameter.  ^The third parameter is a pointer to
7941 ** the implementation of the [virtual table module].   ^The fourth
7942 ** parameter is an arbitrary client data pointer that is passed through
7943 ** into the [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of the virtual table module
7944 ** when a new virtual table is being created or reinitialized.
7945 **
7946 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module_v2() interface has a fifth parameter which
7947 ** is a pointer to a destructor for the pClientData.  ^SQLite will
7948 ** invoke the destructor function (if it is not NULL) when SQLite
7949 ** no longer needs the pClientData pointer.  ^The destructor will also
7950 ** be invoked if the call to sqlite3_create_module_v2() fails.
7951 ** ^The sqlite3_create_module()
7952 ** interface is equivalent to sqlite3_create_module_v2() with a NULL
7953 ** destructor.
7954 **
7955 ** ^If the third parameter (the pointer to the sqlite3_module object) is
7956 ** NULL then no new module is created and any existing modules with the
7957 ** same name are dropped.
7958 **
7959 ** See also: [sqlite3_drop_modules()]
7960 */
7961 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module(
7962   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7963   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7964   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7965   void *pClientData          /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7966 );
7967 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
7968   sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
7969   const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
7970   const sqlite3_module *p,   /* Methods for the module */
7971   void *pClientData,         /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
7972   void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
7973 );
7974 
7975 /*
7976 ** CAPI3REF: Remove Unnecessary Virtual Table Implementations
7977 ** METHOD: sqlite3
7978 **
7979 ** ^The sqlite3_drop_modules(D,L) interface removes all virtual
7980 ** table modules from database connection D except those named on list L.
7981 ** The L parameter must be either NULL or a pointer to an array of pointers
7982 ** to strings where the array is terminated by a single NULL pointer.
7983 ** ^If the L parameter is NULL, then all virtual table modules are removed.
7984 **
7985 ** See also: [sqlite3_create_module()]
7986 */
7987 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_drop_modules(
7988   sqlite3 *db,                /* Remove modules from this connection */
7989   const char **azKeep         /* Except, do not remove the ones named here */
7990 );
7991 
7992 /*
7993 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object
7994 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
7995 **
7996 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass
7997 ** of this object to describe a particular instance
7998 ** of the [virtual table].  Each subclass will
7999 ** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.
8000 ** The purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are
8001 ** common to all module implementations.
8002 **
8003 ** ^Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
8004 ** string obtained from [sqlite3_mprintf()] to zErrMsg.  The method should
8005 ** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to [sqlite3_free()]
8006 ** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  ^After the error message
8007 ** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
8008 ** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.
8009 */
8010 struct sqlite3_vtab {
8011   const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
8012   int nRef;                       /* Number of open cursors */
8013   char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
8014   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
8015 };
8016 
8017 /*
8018 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object
8019 ** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor {virtual table cursor}
8020 **
8021 ** Every [virtual table module] implementation uses a subclass of the
8022 ** following structure to describe cursors that point into the
8023 ** [virtual table] and are used
8024 ** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
8025 ** [sqlite3_module.xOpen | xOpen] method of the module and are destroyed
8026 ** by the [sqlite3_module.xClose | xClose] method.  Cursors are used
8027 ** by the [xFilter], [xNext], [xEof], [xColumn], and [xRowid] methods
8028 ** of the module.  Each module implementation will define
8029 ** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
8030 **
8031 ** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
8032 ** are common to all implementations.
8033 */
8034 struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
8035   sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
8036   /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
8037 };
8038 
8039 /*
8040 ** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table
8041 **
8042 ** ^The [xCreate] and [xConnect] methods of a
8043 ** [virtual table module] call this interface
8044 ** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
8045 ** the virtual tables they implement.
8046 */
8047 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zSQL);
8048 
8049 /*
8050 ** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table
8051 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8052 **
8053 ** ^(Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
8054 ** using the [xFindFunction] method of the [virtual table module].
8055 ** But global versions of those functions
8056 ** must exist in order to be overloaded.)^
8057 **
8058 ** ^(This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
8059 ** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
8060 ** before this API is called, a new function is created.)^  ^The implementation
8061 ** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
8062 ** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
8063 ** purpose is to be a placeholder function that can be overloaded
8064 ** by a [virtual table].
8065 */
8066 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
8067 
8068 /*
8069 ** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB
8070 ** KEYWORDS: {BLOB handle} {BLOB handles}
8071 **
8072 ** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
8073 ** [sqlite3_blob_open | incremental BLOB I/O] can be performed.
8074 ** ^Objects of this type are created by [sqlite3_blob_open()]
8075 ** and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
8076 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
8077 ** can be used to read or write small subsections of the BLOB.
8078 ** ^The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the BLOB in bytes.
8079 */
8080 typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
8081 
8082 /*
8083 ** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O
8084 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8085 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
8086 **
8087 ** ^(This interfaces opens a [BLOB handle | handle] to the BLOB located
8088 ** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
8089 ** in other words, the same BLOB that would be selected by:
8090 **
8091 ** <pre>
8092 **     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE [rowid] = iRow;
8093 ** </pre>)^
8094 **
8095 ** ^(Parameter zDb is not the filename that contains the database, but
8096 ** rather the symbolic name of the database. For attached databases, this is
8097 ** the name that appears after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement.
8098 ** For the main database file, the database name is "main". For TEMP
8099 ** tables, the database name is "temp".)^
8100 **
8101 ** ^If the flags parameter is non-zero, then the BLOB is opened for read
8102 ** and write access. ^If the flags parameter is zero, the BLOB is opened for
8103 ** read-only access.
8104 **
8105 ** ^(On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new [BLOB handle] is stored
8106 ** in *ppBlob. Otherwise an [error code] is returned and, unless the error
8107 ** code is SQLITE_MISUSE, *ppBlob is set to NULL.)^ ^This means that, provided
8108 ** the API is not misused, it is always safe to call [sqlite3_blob_close()]
8109 ** on *ppBlob after this function returns.
8110 **
8111 ** This function fails with SQLITE_ERROR if any of the following are true:
8112 ** <ul>
8113 **   <li> ^(Database zDb does not exist)^,
8114 **   <li> ^(Table zTable does not exist within database zDb)^,
8115 **   <li> ^(Table zTable is a WITHOUT ROWID table)^,
8116 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn does not exist)^,
8117 **   <li> ^(Row iRow is not present in the table)^,
8118 **   <li> ^(The specified column of row iRow contains a value that is not
8119 **         a TEXT or BLOB value)^,
8120 **   <li> ^(Column zColumn is part of an index, PRIMARY KEY or UNIQUE
8121 **         constraint and the blob is being opened for read/write access)^,
8122 **   <li> ^([foreign key constraints | Foreign key constraints] are enabled,
8123 **         column zColumn is part of a [child key] definition and the blob is
8124 **         being opened for read/write access)^.
8125 ** </ul>
8126 **
8127 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE, this function sets the
8128 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
8129 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
8130 **
8131 ** A BLOB referenced by sqlite3_blob_open() may be read using the
8132 ** [sqlite3_blob_read()] interface and modified by using
8133 ** [sqlite3_blob_write()].  The [BLOB handle] can be moved to a
8134 ** different row of the same table using the [sqlite3_blob_reopen()]
8135 ** interface.  However, the column, table, or database of a [BLOB handle]
8136 ** cannot be changed after the [BLOB handle] is opened.
8137 **
8138 ** ^(If the row that a BLOB handle points to is modified by an
8139 ** [UPDATE], [DELETE], or by [ON CONFLICT] side-effects
8140 ** then the BLOB handle is marked as "expired".
8141 ** This is true if any column of the row is changed, even a column
8142 ** other than the one the BLOB handle is open on.)^
8143 ** ^Calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] for
8144 ** an expired BLOB handle fail with a return code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
8145 ** ^(Changes written into a BLOB prior to the BLOB expiring are not
8146 ** rolled back by the expiration of the BLOB.  Such changes will eventually
8147 ** commit if the transaction continues to completion.)^
8148 **
8149 ** ^Use the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface to determine the size of
8150 ** the opened blob.  ^The size of a blob may not be changed by this
8151 ** interface.  Use the [UPDATE] SQL command to change the size of a
8152 ** blob.
8153 **
8154 ** ^The [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob()] and [sqlite3_result_zeroblob()] interfaces
8155 ** and the built-in [zeroblob] SQL function may be used to create a
8156 ** zero-filled blob to read or write using the incremental-blob interface.
8157 **
8158 ** To avoid a resource leak, every open [BLOB handle] should eventually
8159 ** be released by a call to [sqlite3_blob_close()].
8160 **
8161 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_close()],
8162 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()], [sqlite3_blob_read()],
8163 ** [sqlite3_blob_bytes()], [sqlite3_blob_write()].
8164 */
8165 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_open(
8166   sqlite3*,
8167   const char *zDb,
8168   const char *zTable,
8169   const char *zColumn,
8170   sqlite3_int64 iRow,
8171   int flags,
8172   sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
8173 );
8174 
8175 /*
8176 ** CAPI3REF: Move a BLOB Handle to a New Row
8177 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
8178 **
8179 ** ^This function is used to move an existing [BLOB handle] so that it points
8180 ** to a different row of the same database table. ^The new row is identified
8181 ** by the rowid value passed as the second argument. Only the row can be
8182 ** changed. ^The database, table and column on which the blob handle is open
8183 ** remain the same. Moving an existing [BLOB handle] to a new row is
8184 ** faster than closing the existing handle and opening a new one.
8185 **
8186 ** ^(The new row must meet the same criteria as for [sqlite3_blob_open()] -
8187 ** it must exist and there must be either a blob or text value stored in
8188 ** the nominated column.)^ ^If the new row is not present in the table, or if
8189 ** it does not contain a blob or text value, or if another error occurs, an
8190 ** SQLite error code is returned and the blob handle is considered aborted.
8191 ** ^All subsequent calls to [sqlite3_blob_read()], [sqlite3_blob_write()] or
8192 ** [sqlite3_blob_reopen()] on an aborted blob handle immediately return
8193 ** SQLITE_ABORT. ^Calling [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] on an aborted blob handle
8194 ** always returns zero.
8195 **
8196 ** ^This function sets the database handle error code and message.
8197 */
8198 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_reopen(sqlite3_blob *, sqlite3_int64);
8199 
8200 /*
8201 ** CAPI3REF: Close A BLOB Handle
8202 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_blob
8203 **
8204 ** ^This function closes an open [BLOB handle]. ^(The BLOB handle is closed
8205 ** unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns an error code, the
8206 ** handle is still closed.)^
8207 **
8208 ** ^If the blob handle being closed was opened for read-write access, and if
8209 ** the database is in auto-commit mode and there are no other open read-write
8210 ** blob handles or active write statements, the current transaction is
8211 ** committed. ^If an error occurs while committing the transaction, an error
8212 ** code is returned and the transaction rolled back.
8213 **
8214 ** Calling this function with an argument that is not a NULL pointer or an
8215 ** open blob handle results in undefined behavior. ^Calling this routine
8216 ** with a null pointer (such as would be returned by a failed call to
8217 ** [sqlite3_blob_open()]) is a harmless no-op. ^Otherwise, if this function
8218 ** is passed a valid open blob handle, the values returned by the
8219 ** sqlite3_errcode() and sqlite3_errmsg() functions are set before returning.
8220 */
8221 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
8222 
8223 /*
8224 ** CAPI3REF: Return The Size Of An Open BLOB
8225 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
8226 **
8227 ** ^Returns the size in bytes of the BLOB accessible via the
8228 ** successfully opened [BLOB handle] in its only argument.  ^The
8229 ** incremental blob I/O routines can only read or overwrite existing
8230 ** blob content; they cannot change the size of a blob.
8231 **
8232 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
8233 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
8234 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
8235 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
8236 */
8237 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
8238 
8239 /*
8240 ** CAPI3REF: Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally
8241 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
8242 **
8243 ** ^(This function is used to read data from an open [BLOB handle] into a
8244 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied into buffer Z
8245 ** from the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
8246 **
8247 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
8248 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  ^If N or iOffset is
8249 ** less than zero, [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
8250 ** ^The size of the blob (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset)
8251 ** can be determined using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface.
8252 **
8253 ** ^An attempt to read from an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
8254 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].
8255 **
8256 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_read() returns SQLITE_OK.
8257 ** Otherwise, an [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
8258 **
8259 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
8260 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
8261 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
8262 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
8263 **
8264 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_write()].
8265 */
8266 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
8267 
8268 /*
8269 ** CAPI3REF: Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally
8270 ** METHOD: sqlite3_blob
8271 **
8272 ** ^(This function is used to write data into an open [BLOB handle] from a
8273 ** caller-supplied buffer. N bytes of data are copied from the buffer Z
8274 ** into the open BLOB, starting at offset iOffset.)^
8275 **
8276 ** ^(On success, sqlite3_blob_write() returns SQLITE_OK.
8277 ** Otherwise, an  [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.)^
8278 ** ^Unless SQLITE_MISUSE is returned, this function sets the
8279 ** [database connection] error code and message accessible via
8280 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] and related functions.
8281 **
8282 ** ^If the [BLOB handle] passed as the first argument was not opened for
8283 ** writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()] was zero),
8284 ** this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
8285 **
8286 ** This function may only modify the contents of the BLOB; it is
8287 ** not possible to increase the size of a BLOB using this API.
8288 ** ^If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the BLOB,
8289 ** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written. The size of the
8290 ** BLOB (and hence the maximum value of N+iOffset) can be determined
8291 ** using the [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface. ^If N or iOffset are less
8292 ** than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
8293 **
8294 ** ^An attempt to write to an expired [BLOB handle] fails with an
8295 ** error code of [SQLITE_ABORT].  ^Writes to the BLOB that occurred
8296 ** before the [BLOB handle] expired are not rolled back by the
8297 ** expiration of the handle, though of course those changes might
8298 ** have been overwritten by the statement that expired the BLOB handle
8299 ** or by other independent statements.
8300 **
8301 ** This routine only works on a [BLOB handle] which has been created
8302 ** by a prior successful call to [sqlite3_blob_open()] and which has not
8303 ** been closed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].  Passing any other pointer in
8304 ** to this routine results in undefined and probably undesirable behavior.
8305 **
8306 ** See also: [sqlite3_blob_read()].
8307 */
8308 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
8309 
8310 /*
8311 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual File System Objects
8312 **
8313 ** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
8314 ** that SQLite uses to interact
8315 ** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
8316 ** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
8317 ** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
8318 ** The following interfaces are provided.
8319 **
8320 ** ^The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to a VFS given its name.
8321 ** ^Names are case sensitive.
8322 ** ^Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
8323 ** ^If there is no match, a NULL pointer is returned.
8324 ** ^If zVfsName is NULL then the default VFS is returned.
8325 **
8326 ** ^New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
8327 ** ^Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
8328 ** ^The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
8329 ** ^To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
8330 ** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
8331 ** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
8332 ** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
8333 ** then the behavior is undefined.
8334 **
8335 ** ^Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
8336 ** ^(If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
8337 ** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.)^
8338 */
8339 SQLITE_API sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
8340 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
8341 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
8342 
8343 /*
8344 ** CAPI3REF: Mutexes
8345 **
8346 ** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
8347 ** synchronization. Though they are intended for internal
8348 ** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
8349 ** permitted to use any of these routines.
8350 **
8351 ** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations
8352 ** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
8353 ** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
8354 ** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
8355 **
8356 ** <ul>
8357 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS
8358 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
8359 ** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
8360 ** </ul>
8361 **
8362 ** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines
8363 ** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in
8364 ** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREADS and
8365 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations are appropriate for use on Unix
8366 ** and Windows.
8367 **
8368 **
8369 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
8370 ** mutex and returns a pointer to it. ^The sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
8371 ** routine returns NULL if it is unable to allocate the requested
8372 ** mutex.  The argument to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() must be one of these
8373 ** integer constants:
8374 **
8375 ** <ul>
8376 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
8377 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
8378 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN
8379 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
8380 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN
8381 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
8382 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
8383 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM
8384 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1
8385 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2
8386 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3
8387 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1
8388 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2
8389 ** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3
8390 ** </ul>
8391 **
8392 ** ^The first two constants (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE)
8393 ** cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
8394 ** a new mutex.  ^The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
8395 ** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used.
8396 ** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
8397 ** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
8398 ** not want to.  SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
8399 ** cases where it really needs one.  If a faster non-recursive mutex
8400 ** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
8401 ** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
8402 **
8403 ** ^The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() (anything other
8404 ** than SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST and SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) each return
8405 ** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex.  ^Nine static mutexes are
8406 ** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
8407 ** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
8408 ** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
8409 ** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
8410 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
8411 **
8412 ** ^Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
8413 ** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
8414 ** returns a different mutex on every call.  ^For the static
8415 ** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
8416 ** the same type number.
8417 **
8418 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
8419 ** allocated dynamic mutex.  Attempting to deallocate a static
8420 ** mutex results in undefined behavior.
8421 **
8422 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
8423 ** to enter a mutex.  ^If another thread is already within the mutex,
8424 ** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
8425 ** SQLITE_BUSY.  ^The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
8426 ** upon successful entry.  ^(Mutexes created using
8427 ** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
8428 ** In such cases, the
8429 ** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
8430 ** can enter.)^  If the same thread tries to enter any mutex other
8431 ** than an SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE more than once, the behavior is undefined.
8432 **
8433 ** ^(Some systems (for example, Windows 95) do not support the operation
8434 ** implemented by sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try()
8435 ** will always return SQLITE_BUSY. In most cases the SQLite core only uses
8436 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization, so this is acceptable
8437 ** behavior. The exceptions are unix builds that set the
8438 ** SQLITE_ENABLE_SETLK_TIMEOUT build option. In that case a working
8439 ** sqlite3_mutex_try() is required.)^
8440 **
8441 ** ^The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
8442 ** previously entered by the same thread.   The behavior
8443 ** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
8444 ** calling thread or is not currently allocated.
8445 **
8446 ** ^If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_enter(), sqlite3_mutex_try(),
8447 ** sqlite3_mutex_leave(), or sqlite3_mutex_free() is a NULL pointer,
8448 ** then any of the four routines behaves as a no-op.
8449 **
8450 ** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
8451 */
8452 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
8453 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
8454 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
8455 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
8456 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
8457 
8458 /*
8459 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Methods Object
8460 **
8461 ** An instance of this structure defines the low-level routines
8462 ** used to allocate and use mutexes.
8463 **
8464 ** Usually, the default mutex implementations provided by SQLite are
8465 ** sufficient, however the application has the option of substituting a custom
8466 ** implementation for specialized deployments or systems for which SQLite
8467 ** does not provide a suitable implementation. In this case, the application
8468 ** creates and populates an instance of this structure to pass
8469 ** to sqlite3_config() along with the [SQLITE_CONFIG_MUTEX] option.
8470 ** Additionally, an instance of this structure can be used as an
8471 ** output variable when querying the system for the current mutex
8472 ** implementation, using the [SQLITE_CONFIG_GETMUTEX] option.
8473 **
8474 ** ^The xMutexInit method defined by this structure is invoked as
8475 ** part of system initialization by the sqlite3_initialize() function.
8476 ** ^The xMutexInit routine is called by SQLite exactly once for each
8477 ** effective call to [sqlite3_initialize()].
8478 **
8479 ** ^The xMutexEnd method defined by this structure is invoked as
8480 ** part of system shutdown by the sqlite3_shutdown() function. The
8481 ** implementation of this method is expected to release all outstanding
8482 ** resources obtained by the mutex methods implementation, especially
8483 ** those obtained by the xMutexInit method.  ^The xMutexEnd()
8484 ** interface is invoked exactly once for each call to [sqlite3_shutdown()].
8485 **
8486 ** ^(The remaining seven methods defined by this structure (xMutexAlloc,
8487 ** xMutexFree, xMutexEnter, xMutexTry, xMutexLeave, xMutexHeld and
8488 ** xMutexNotheld) implement the following interfaces (respectively):
8489 **
8490 ** <ul>
8491 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] </li>
8492 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_free()] </li>
8493 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_enter()] </li>
8494 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_try()] </li>
8495 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_leave()] </li>
8496 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_held()] </li>
8497 **   <li>  [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()] </li>
8498 ** </ul>)^
8499 **
8500 ** The only difference is that the public sqlite3_XXX functions enumerated
8501 ** above silently ignore any invocations that pass a NULL pointer instead
8502 ** of a valid mutex handle. The implementations of the methods defined
8503 ** by this structure are not required to handle this case. The results
8504 ** of passing a NULL pointer instead of a valid mutex handle are undefined
8505 ** (i.e. it is acceptable to provide an implementation that segfaults if
8506 ** it is passed a NULL pointer).
8507 **
8508 ** The xMutexInit() method must be threadsafe.  It must be harmless to
8509 ** invoke xMutexInit() multiple times within the same process and without
8510 ** intervening calls to xMutexEnd().  Second and subsequent calls to
8511 ** xMutexInit() must be no-ops.
8512 **
8513 ** xMutexInit() must not use SQLite memory allocation ([sqlite3_malloc()]
8514 ** and its associates).  Similarly, xMutexAlloc() must not use SQLite memory
8515 ** allocation for a static mutex.  ^However xMutexAlloc() may use SQLite
8516 ** memory allocation for a fast or recursive mutex.
8517 **
8518 ** ^SQLite will invoke the xMutexEnd() method when [sqlite3_shutdown()] is
8519 ** called, but only if the prior call to xMutexInit returned SQLITE_OK.
8520 ** If xMutexInit fails in any way, it is expected to clean up after itself
8521 ** prior to returning.
8522 */
8523 typedef struct sqlite3_mutex_methods sqlite3_mutex_methods;
8524 struct sqlite3_mutex_methods {
8525   int (*xMutexInit)(void);
8526   int (*xMutexEnd)(void);
8527   sqlite3_mutex *(*xMutexAlloc)(int);
8528   void (*xMutexFree)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8529   void (*xMutexEnter)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8530   int (*xMutexTry)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8531   void (*xMutexLeave)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8532   int (*xMutexHeld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8533   int (*xMutexNotheld)(sqlite3_mutex *);
8534 };
8535 
8536 /*
8537 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verification Routines
8538 **
8539 ** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
8540 ** are intended for use inside assert() statements.  The SQLite core
8541 ** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
8542 ** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  The SQLite core only
8543 ** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
8544 ** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  External mutex implementations
8545 ** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
8546 ** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
8547 **
8548 ** These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
8549 ** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread.
8550 **
8551 ** The implementation is not required to provide versions of these
8552 ** routines that actually work. If the implementation does not provide working
8553 ** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs that always
8554 ** return true so that one does not get spurious assertion failures.
8555 **
8556 ** If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
8557 ** the routine should return 1.   This seems counter-intuitive since
8558 ** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But
8559 ** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
8560 ** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
8561 ** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
8562 ** the appropriate thing to do.  The sqlite3_mutex_notheld()
8563 ** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
8564 */
8565 #ifndef NDEBUG
8566 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
8567 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
8568 #endif
8569 
8570 /*
8571 ** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types
8572 **
8573 ** The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
8574 ** which is one of these integer constants.
8575 **
8576 ** The set of static mutexes may change from one SQLite release to the
8577 ** next.  Applications that override the built-in mutex logic must be
8578 ** prepared to accommodate additional static mutexes.
8579 */
8580 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
8581 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
8582 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MAIN      2
8583 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
8584 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* NOT USED */
8585 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_OPEN      4  /* sqlite3BtreeOpen() */
8586 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_randomness() */
8587 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
8588 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* NOT USED */
8589 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PMEM      7  /* sqlite3PageMalloc() */
8590 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP1      8  /* For use by application */
8591 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP2      9  /* For use by application */
8592 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_APP3     10  /* For use by application */
8593 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS1     11  /* For use by built-in VFS */
8594 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS2     12  /* For use by extension VFS */
8595 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_VFS3     13  /* For use by application VFS */
8596 
8597 /* Legacy compatibility: */
8598 #define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
8599 
8600 
8601 /*
8602 ** CAPI3REF: Retrieve the mutex for a database connection
8603 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8604 **
8605 ** ^This interface returns a pointer to the [sqlite3_mutex] object that
8606 ** serializes access to the [database connection] given in the argument
8607 ** when the [threading mode] is Serialized.
8608 ** ^If the [threading mode] is Single-thread or Multi-thread then this
8609 ** routine returns a NULL pointer.
8610 */
8611 SQLITE_API sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_db_mutex(sqlite3*);
8612 
8613 /*
8614 ** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files
8615 ** METHOD: sqlite3
8616 ** KEYWORDS: {file control}
8617 **
8618 ** ^The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
8619 ** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
8620 ** with a particular database identified by the second argument. ^The
8621 ** name of the database is "main" for the main database or "temp" for the
8622 ** TEMP database, or the name that appears after the AS keyword for
8623 ** databases that are added using the [ATTACH] SQL command.
8624 ** ^A NULL pointer can be used in place of "main" to refer to the
8625 ** main database file.
8626 ** ^The third and fourth parameters to this routine
8627 ** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
8628 ** the xFileControl method.  ^The return value of the xFileControl
8629 ** method becomes the return value of this routine.
8630 **
8631 ** A few opcodes for [sqlite3_file_control()] are handled directly
8632 ** by the SQLite core and never invoke the
8633 ** sqlite3_io_methods.xFileControl method.
8634 ** ^The [SQLITE_FCNTL_FILE_POINTER] value for the op parameter causes
8635 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_file] object to be written into
8636 ** the space pointed to by the 4th parameter.  The
8637 ** [SQLITE_FCNTL_JOURNAL_POINTER] works similarly except that it returns
8638 ** the [sqlite3_file] object associated with the journal file instead of
8639 ** the main database.  The [SQLITE_FCNTL_VFS_POINTER] opcode returns
8640 ** a pointer to the underlying [sqlite3_vfs] object for the file.
8641 ** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_DATA_VERSION] returns the data version counter
8642 ** from the pager.
8643 **
8644 ** ^If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
8645 ** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.  ^This error
8646 ** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
8647 ** or [sqlite3_errmsg()].  The underlying xFileControl method might
8648 ** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  There is no way to distinguish between
8649 ** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
8650 ** xFileControl method.
8651 **
8652 ** See also: [file control opcodes]
8653 */
8654 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
8655 
8656 /*
8657 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface
8658 **
8659 ** ^The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
8660 ** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
8661 ** purposes.  ^The first parameter is an operation code that determines
8662 ** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
8663 **
8664 ** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
8665 ** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
8666 ** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
8667 **
8668 ** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
8669 ** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
8670 ** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
8671 ** operate consistently from one release to the next.
8672 */
8673 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
8674 
8675 /*
8676 ** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes
8677 **
8678 ** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
8679 ** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
8680 **
8681 ** These parameters and their meanings are subject to change
8682 ** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
8683 ** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
8684 ** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
8685 */
8686 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FIRST                    5
8687 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
8688 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
8689 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7  /* NOT USED */
8690 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FK_NO_ACTION             7
8691 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
8692 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_INSTALL            9
8693 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BENIGN_MALLOC_HOOKS     10
8694 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PENDING_BYTE            11
8695 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ASSERT                  12
8696 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ALWAYS                  13
8697 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESERVE                 14  /* NOT USED */
8698 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_JSON_SELFCHECK          14
8699 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_OPTIMIZATIONS           15
8700 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISKEYWORD               16  /* NOT USED */
8701 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_GETOPT                  16
8702 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SCRATCHMALLOC           17  /* NOT USED */
8703 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_INTERNAL_FUNCTIONS      17
8704 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOCALTIME_FAULT         18
8705 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXPLAIN_STMT            19  /* NOT USED */
8706 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ONCE_RESET_THRESHOLD    19
8707 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_NEVER_CORRUPT           20
8708 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_VDBE_COVERAGE           21
8709 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BYTEORDER               22
8710 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ISINIT                  23
8711 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SORTER_MMAP             24
8712 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_IMPOSTER                25
8713 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PARSER_COVERAGE         26
8714 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_RESULT_INTREAL          27
8715 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SEED               28
8716 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_EXTRA_SCHEMA_CHECKS     29
8717 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_SEEK_COUNT              30
8718 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TRACEFLAGS              31
8719 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_TUNE                    32
8720 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LOGEST                  33
8721 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_USELONGDOUBLE           34  /* NOT USED */
8722 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_ATOF                    34
8723 #define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_LAST                    34  /* Largest TESTCTRL */
8724 
8725 /*
8726 ** CAPI3REF: SQL Keyword Checking
8727 **
8728 ** These routines provide access to the set of SQL language keywords
8729 ** recognized by SQLite.  Applications can use these routines to determine
8730 ** whether or not a specific identifier needs to be escaped (for example,
8731 ** by enclosing in double-quotes) so as not to confuse the parser.
8732 **
8733 ** The sqlite3_keyword_count() interface returns the number of distinct
8734 ** keywords understood by SQLite.
8735 **
8736 ** The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) interface finds the 0-based N-th keyword and
8737 ** makes *Z point to that keyword expressed as UTF8 and writes the number
8738 ** of bytes in the keyword into *L.  The string that *Z points to is not
8739 ** zero-terminated.  The sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) routine returns
8740 ** SQLITE_OK if N is within bounds and SQLITE_ERROR if not. If either Z
8741 ** or L are NULL or invalid pointers then calls to
8742 ** sqlite3_keyword_name(N,Z,L) result in undefined behavior.
8743 **
8744 ** The sqlite3_keyword_check(Z,L) interface checks to see whether or not
8745 ** the L-byte UTF8 identifier that Z points to is a keyword, returning non-zero
8746 ** if it is and zero if not.
8747 **
8748 ** The parser used by SQLite is forgiving.  It is often possible to use
8749 ** a keyword as an identifier as long as such use does not result in a
8750 ** parsing ambiguity.  For example, the statement
8751 ** "CREATE TABLE BEGIN(REPLACE,PRAGMA,END);" is accepted by SQLite, and
8752 ** creates a new table named "BEGIN" with three columns named
8753 ** "REPLACE", "PRAGMA", and "END".  Nevertheless, best practice is to avoid
8754 ** using keywords as identifiers.  Common techniques used to avoid keyword
8755 ** name collisions include:
8756 ** <ul>
8757 ** <li> Put all identifier names inside double-quotes.  This is the official
8758 **      SQL way to escape identifier names.
8759 ** <li> Put identifier names inside &#91;...&#93;.  This is not standard SQL,
8760 **      but it is what SQL Server does and so lots of programmers use this
8761 **      technique.
8762 ** <li> Begin every identifier with the letter "Z" as no SQL keywords start
8763 **      with "Z".
8764 ** <li> Include a digit somewhere in every identifier name.
8765 ** </ul>
8766 **
8767 ** Note that the number of keywords understood by SQLite can depend on
8768 ** compile-time options.  For example, "VACUUM" is not a keyword if
8769 ** SQLite is compiled with the [-DSQLITE_OMIT_VACUUM] option.  Also,
8770 ** new keywords may be added to future releases of SQLite.
8771 */
8772 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_count(void);
8773 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_name(int,const char**,int*);
8774 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_keyword_check(const char*,int);
8775 
8776 /*
8777 ** CAPI3REF: Dynamic String Object
8778 ** KEYWORDS: {dynamic string}
8779 **
8780 ** An instance of the sqlite3_str object contains a dynamically-sized
8781 ** string under construction.
8782 **
8783 ** The lifecycle of an sqlite3_str object is as follows:
8784 ** <ol>
8785 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is created using [sqlite3_str_new()].
8786 ** <li> ^Text is appended to the sqlite3_str object using various
8787 ** methods, such as [sqlite3_str_appendf()].
8788 ** <li> ^The sqlite3_str object is destroyed and the string it created
8789 ** is returned using the [sqlite3_str_finish()] interface.
8790 ** </ol>
8791 */
8792 typedef struct sqlite3_str sqlite3_str;
8793 
8794 /*
8795 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Dynamic String Object
8796 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
8797 **
8798 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface allocates and initializes
8799 ** a new [sqlite3_str] object.  To avoid memory leaks, the object returned by
8800 ** [sqlite3_str_new()] must be freed by a subsequent call to
8801 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].
8802 **
8803 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_new(D)] interface always returns a pointer to a
8804 ** valid [sqlite3_str] object, though in the event of an out-of-memory
8805 ** error the returned object might be a special singleton that will
8806 ** silently reject new text, always return SQLITE_NOMEM from
8807 ** [sqlite3_str_errcode()], always return 0 for
8808 ** [sqlite3_str_length()], and always return NULL from
8809 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)].  It is always safe to use the value
8810 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_new(D)] as the sqlite3_str parameter
8811 ** to any of the other [sqlite3_str] methods.
8812 **
8813 ** The D parameter to [sqlite3_str_new(D)] may be NULL.  If the
8814 ** D parameter in [sqlite3_str_new(D)] is not NULL, then the maximum
8815 ** length of the string contained in the [sqlite3_str] object will be
8816 ** the value set for [sqlite3_limit](D,[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH]) instead
8817 ** of [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH].
8818 */
8819 SQLITE_API sqlite3_str *sqlite3_str_new(sqlite3*);
8820 
8821 /*
8822 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Dynamic String
8823 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_str
8824 **
8825 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface destroys the sqlite3_str object X
8826 ** and returns a pointer to a memory buffer obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
8827 ** that contains the constructed string.  The calling application should
8828 ** pass the returned value to [sqlite3_free()] to avoid a memory leak.
8829 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface may return a NULL pointer if any
8830 ** errors were encountered during construction of the string.  ^The
8831 ** [sqlite3_str_finish(X)] interface might also return a NULL pointer if the
8832 ** string in [sqlite3_str] object X is zero bytes long.
8833 **
8834 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_free(X)] interface destroys both the sqlite3_str object
8835 ** X and the string content it contains.  Calling sqlite3_str_free(X) is
8836 ** the equivalent of calling [sqlite3_free](sqlite3_str_finish(X)).
8837 */
8838 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_finish(sqlite3_str*);
8839 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_free(sqlite3_str*);
8840 
8841 /*
8842 ** CAPI3REF: Add Content To A Dynamic String
8843 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
8844 **
8845 ** These interfaces add or remove content to an sqlite3_str object
8846 ** previously obtained from [sqlite3_str_new()].
8847 **
8848 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendf(X,F,...)] and
8849 ** [sqlite3_str_vappendf(X,F,V)] interfaces uses the [built-in printf]
8850 ** functionality of SQLite to append formatted text onto the end of
8851 ** [sqlite3_str] object X.
8852 **
8853 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_append(X,S,N)] method appends exactly N bytes from string S
8854 ** onto the end of the [sqlite3_str] object X.  N must be non-negative.
8855 ** S must contain at least N non-zero bytes of content.  To append a
8856 ** zero-terminated string in its entirety, use the [sqlite3_str_appendall()]
8857 ** method instead.
8858 **
8859 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendall(X,S)] method appends the complete content of
8860 ** zero-terminated string S onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
8861 **
8862 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_appendchar(X,N,C)] method appends N copies of the
8863 ** single-byte character C onto the end of [sqlite3_str] object X.
8864 ** ^This method can be used, for example, to add whitespace indentation.
8865 **
8866 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_reset(X)] method resets the string under construction
8867 ** inside [sqlite3_str] object X back to zero bytes in length.
8868 **
8869 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_truncate(X,N)] method changes the length of the string
8870 ** under construction to be N bytes or less.  This routine is a no-op if
8871 ** N is negative or if the string is already N bytes or smaller in size.
8872 **
8873 ** These methods do not return a result code.  ^If an error occurs, that fact
8874 ** is recorded in the [sqlite3_str] object and can be recovered by a
8875 ** subsequent call to [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)].
8876 */
8877 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, ...);
8878 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_vappendf(sqlite3_str*, const char *zFormat, va_list);
8879 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_append(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn, int N);
8880 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendall(sqlite3_str*, const char *zIn);
8881 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_appendchar(sqlite3_str*, int N, char C);
8882 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_reset(sqlite3_str*);
8883 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_str_truncate(sqlite3_str*,int N);
8884 
8885 /*
8886 ** CAPI3REF: Status Of A Dynamic String
8887 ** METHOD: sqlite3_str
8888 **
8889 ** These interfaces return the current status of an [sqlite3_str] object.
8890 **
8891 ** ^If any prior errors have occurred while constructing the dynamic string
8892 ** in sqlite3_str X, then the [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method will return
8893 ** an appropriate error code.  ^The [sqlite3_str_errcode(X)] method returns
8894 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] following any out-of-memory error, or
8895 ** [SQLITE_TOOBIG] if the size of the dynamic string exceeds
8896 ** [SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH], or [SQLITE_OK] if there have been no errors.
8897 **
8898 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_length(X)] method returns the current length, in bytes,
8899 ** of the dynamic string under construction in [sqlite3_str] object X.
8900 ** ^The length returned by [sqlite3_str_length(X)] does not include the
8901 ** zero-termination byte.
8902 **
8903 ** ^The [sqlite3_str_value(X)] method returns a pointer to the current
8904 ** content of the dynamic string under construction in X.  The value
8905 ** returned by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] is managed by the sqlite3_str object X
8906 ** and might be freed or altered by any subsequent method on the same
8907 ** [sqlite3_str] object.  Applications must not use the pointer returned by
8908 ** [sqlite3_str_value(X)] after any subsequent method call on the same
8909 ** object.  ^Applications may change the content of the string returned
8910 ** by [sqlite3_str_value(X)] as long as they do not write into any bytes
8911 ** outside the range of 0 to [sqlite3_str_length(X)] and do not read or
8912 ** write any byte after any subsequent sqlite3_str method call.
8913 */
8914 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_errcode(sqlite3_str*);
8915 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_str_length(sqlite3_str*);
8916 SQLITE_API char *sqlite3_str_value(sqlite3_str*);
8917 
8918 /*
8919 ** CAPI3REF: SQLite Runtime Status
8920 **
8921 ** ^These interfaces are used to retrieve runtime status information
8922 ** about the performance of SQLite, and optionally to reset various
8923 ** highwater marks.  ^The first argument is an integer code for
8924 ** the specific parameter to measure.  ^(Recognized integer codes
8925 ** are of the form [status parameters | SQLITE_STATUS_...].)^
8926 ** ^The current value of the parameter is returned into *pCurrent.
8927 ** ^The highest recorded value is returned in *pHighwater.  ^If the
8928 ** resetFlag is true, then the highest record value is reset after
8929 ** *pHighwater is written.  ^(Some parameters do not record the highest
8930 ** value.  For those parameters
8931 ** nothing is written into *pHighwater and the resetFlag is ignored.)^
8932 ** ^(Other parameters record only the highwater mark and not the current
8933 ** value.  For these latter parameters nothing is written into *pCurrent.)^
8934 **
8935 ** ^The sqlite3_status() and sqlite3_status64() routines return
8936 ** SQLITE_OK on success and a non-zero [error code] on failure.
8937 **
8938 ** If either the current value or the highwater mark is too large to
8939 ** be represented by a 32-bit integer, then the values returned by
8940 ** sqlite3_status() are undefined.
8941 **
8942 ** See also: [sqlite3_db_status()]
8943 */
8944 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status(int op, int *pCurrent, int *pHighwater, int resetFlag);
8945 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_status64(
8946   int op,
8947   sqlite3_int64 *pCurrent,
8948   sqlite3_int64 *pHighwater,
8949   int resetFlag
8950 );
8951 
8952 
8953 /*
8954 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters
8955 ** KEYWORDS: {status parameters}
8956 **
8957 ** These integer constants designate various run-time status parameters
8958 ** that can be returned by [sqlite3_status()].
8959 **
8960 ** <dl>
8961 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED</dt>
8962 ** <dd>This parameter is the current amount of memory checked out
8963 ** using [sqlite3_malloc()], either directly or indirectly.  The
8964 ** figure includes calls made to [sqlite3_malloc()] by the application
8965 ** and internal memory usage by the SQLite library.  Auxiliary page-cache
8966 ** memory controlled by [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE] is not included in
8967 ** this parameter.  The amount returned is the sum of the allocation
8968 ** sizes as reported by the xSize method in [sqlite3_mem_methods].</dd>)^
8969 **
8970 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE</dt>
8971 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8972 ** handed to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] (or their
8973 ** internal equivalents).  Only the value returned in the
8974 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
8975 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
8976 **
8977 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT</dt>
8978 ** <dd>This parameter records the number of separate memory allocations
8979 ** currently checked out.</dd>)^
8980 **
8981 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED</dt>
8982 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pages used out of the
8983 ** [pagecache memory allocator] that was configured using
8984 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE].  The
8985 ** value returned is in pages, not in bytes.</dd>)^
8986 **
8987 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW]]
8988 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW</dt>
8989 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of bytes of page cache
8990 ** allocation which could not be satisfied by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]
8991 ** buffer and where forced to overflow to [sqlite3_malloc()].  The
8992 ** returned value includes allocations that overflowed because they
8993 ** were too large (they were larger than the "sz" parameter to
8994 ** [SQLITE_CONFIG_PAGECACHE]) and allocations that overflowed because
8995 ** no space was left in the page cache.</dd>)^
8996 **
8997 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE</dt>
8998 ** <dd>This parameter records the largest memory allocation request
8999 ** handed to the [pagecache memory allocator].  Only the value returned in the
9000 ** *pHighwater parameter to [sqlite3_status()] is of interest.
9001 ** The value written into the *pCurrent parameter is undefined.</dd>)^
9002 **
9003 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED</dt>
9004 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
9005 **
9006 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW</dt>
9007 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
9008 **
9009 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE]] <dt>SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE</dt>
9010 ** <dd>No longer used.</dd>
9011 **
9012 ** [[SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK</dt>
9013 ** <dd>The *pHighwater parameter records the deepest parser stack.
9014 ** The *pCurrent value is undefined.  The *pHighwater value is only
9015 ** meaningful if SQLite is compiled with [YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH].</dd>)^
9016 ** </dl>
9017 **
9018 ** New status parameters may be added from time to time.
9019 */
9020 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MEMORY_USED          0
9021 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_USED       1
9022 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW   2
9023 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_USED         3  /* NOT USED */
9024 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_OVERFLOW     4  /* NOT USED */
9025 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_SIZE          5
9026 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK         6
9027 #define SQLITE_STATUS_PAGECACHE_SIZE       7
9028 #define SQLITE_STATUS_SCRATCH_SIZE         8  /* NOT USED */
9029 #define SQLITE_STATUS_MALLOC_COUNT         9
9030 
9031 /*
9032 ** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Status
9033 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9034 **
9035 ** ^This interface is used to retrieve runtime status information
9036 ** about a single [database connection].  ^The first argument is the
9037 ** database connection object to be interrogated.  ^The second argument
9038 ** is an integer constant, taken from the set of
9039 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options], that
9040 ** determines the parameter to interrogate.  The set of
9041 ** [SQLITE_DBSTATUS options] is likely
9042 ** to grow in future releases of SQLite.
9043 **
9044 ** ^The current value of the requested parameter is written into *pCur
9045 ** and the highest instantaneous value is written into *pHiwtr.  ^If
9046 ** the resetFlg is true, then the highest instantaneous value is
9047 ** reset back down to the current value.
9048 **
9049 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status() routine returns SQLITE_OK on success and a
9050 ** non-zero [error code] on failure.
9051 **
9052 ** ^The sqlite3_db_status64(D,O,C,H,R) routine works exactly the same
9053 ** way as sqlite3_db_status(D,O,C,H,R) routine except that the C and H
9054 ** parameters are pointer to 64-bit integers (type: sqlite3_int64) instead
9055 ** of pointers to 32-bit integers, which allows larger status values
9056 ** to be returned.  If a status value exceeds 2,147,483,647 then
9057 ** sqlite3_db_status() will truncate the value whereas sqlite3_db_status64()
9058 ** will return the full value.
9059 **
9060 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_stmt_status()].
9061 */
9062 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status(sqlite3*, int op, int *pCur, int *pHiwtr, int resetFlg);
9063 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_status64(sqlite3*,int,sqlite3_int64*,sqlite3_int64*,int);
9064 
9065 /*
9066 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for database connections
9067 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_DBSTATUS options}
9068 **
9069 ** These constants are the available integer "verbs" that can be passed as
9070 ** the second argument to the [sqlite3_db_status()] interface.
9071 **
9072 ** New verbs may be added in future releases of SQLite. Existing verbs
9073 ** might be discontinued. Applications should check the return code from
9074 ** [sqlite3_db_status()] to make sure that the call worked.
9075 ** The [sqlite3_db_status()] interface will return a non-zero error code
9076 ** if a discontinued or unsupported verb is invoked.
9077 **
9078 ** <dl>
9079 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED</dt>
9080 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of lookaside memory slots currently
9081 ** checked out.</dd>)^
9082 **
9083 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT</dt>
9084 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that were
9085 ** satisfied using lookaside memory. Only the high-water value is meaningful;
9086 ** the current value is always zero.</dd>)^
9087 **
9088 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE]]
9089 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE</dt>
9090 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that might have
9091 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to the amount of
9092 ** memory requested being larger than the lookaside slot size.
9093 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
9094 ** the current value is always zero.</dd>)^
9095 **
9096 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL]]
9097 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL</dt>
9098 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of malloc attempts that might have
9099 ** been satisfied using lookaside memory but failed due to all lookaside
9100 ** memory already being in use.
9101 ** Only the high-water value is meaningful;
9102 ** the current value is always zero.</dd>)^
9103 **
9104 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED</dt>
9105 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
9106 ** memory used by all pager caches associated with the database connection.)^
9107 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED is always 0.
9108 ** </dd>
9109 **
9110 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED]]
9111 ** ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED</dt>
9112 ** <dd>This parameter is similar to DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED, except that if a
9113 ** pager cache is shared between two or more connections the bytes of heap
9114 ** memory used by that pager cache is divided evenly between the attached
9115 ** connections.)^  In other words, if none of the pager caches associated
9116 ** with the database connection are shared, this request returns the same
9117 ** value as DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. Or, if one or more of the pager caches are
9118 ** shared, the value returned by this call will be smaller than that returned
9119 ** by DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED. ^The highwater mark associated with
9120 ** SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED is always 0.</dd>
9121 **
9122 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED</dt>
9123 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
9124 ** memory used to store the schema for all databases associated
9125 ** with the connection - main, temp, and any [ATTACH]-ed databases.)^
9126 ** ^The full amount of memory used by the schemas is reported, even if the
9127 ** schema memory is shared with other database connections due to
9128 ** [shared cache mode] being enabled.
9129 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED is always 0.
9130 ** </dd>
9131 **
9132 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED</dt>
9133 ** <dd>This parameter returns the approximate number of bytes of heap
9134 ** and lookaside memory used by all prepared statements associated with
9135 ** the database connection.)^
9136 ** ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED is always 0.
9137 ** </dd>
9138 **
9139 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT</dt>
9140 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache hits that have
9141 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT
9142 ** is always 0.
9143 ** </dd>
9144 **
9145 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS</dt>
9146 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of pager cache misses that have
9147 ** occurred.)^ ^The highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS
9148 ** is always 0.
9149 ** </dd>
9150 **
9151 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE</dt>
9152 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
9153 ** been written to disk. Specifically, the number of pages written to the
9154 ** wal file in wal mode databases, or the number of pages written to the
9155 ** database file in rollback mode databases. Any pages written as part of
9156 ** transaction rollback or database recovery operations are not included.
9157 ** If an IO or other error occurs while writing a page to disk, the effect
9158 ** on subsequent SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE requests is undefined.)^ ^The
9159 ** highwater mark associated with SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE is always 0.
9160 ** <p>
9161 ** ^(There is overlap between the quantities measured by this parameter
9162 ** (SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE) and SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL.
9163 ** Resetting one will reduce the other.)^
9164 ** </dd>
9165 **
9166 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL</dt>
9167 ** <dd>This parameter returns the number of dirty cache entries that have
9168 ** been written to disk in the middle of a transaction due to the page
9169 ** cache overflowing. Transactions are more efficient if they are written
9170 ** to disk all at once. When pages spill mid-transaction, that introduces
9171 ** additional overhead. This parameter can be used to help identify
9172 ** inefficiencies that can be resolved by increasing the cache size.
9173 ** </dd>
9174 **
9175 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS]] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS</dt>
9176 ** <dd>This parameter returns zero for the current value if and only if
9177 ** all foreign key constraints (deferred or immediate) have been
9178 ** resolved.)^  ^The highwater mark is always 0.
9179 **
9180 ** [[SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL] ^(<dt>SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL</dt>
9181 ** <dd>^(This parameter returns the number of bytes written to temporary
9182 ** files on disk that could have been kept in memory had sufficient memory
9183 ** been available.  This value includes writes to intermediate tables that
9184 ** are part of complex queries, external sorts that spill to disk, and
9185 ** writes to TEMP tables.)^
9186 ** ^The highwater mark is always 0.
9187 ** <p>
9188 ** ^(There is overlap between the quantities measured by this parameter
9189 ** (SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL) and SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE.
9190 ** Resetting one will reduce the other.)^
9191 ** </dd>
9192 ** </dl>
9193 */
9194 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_USED       0
9195 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED           1
9196 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_SCHEMA_USED          2
9197 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_STMT_USED            3
9198 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_HIT        4
9199 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_SIZE  5
9200 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_LOOKASIDE_MISS_FULL  6
9201 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_HIT            7
9202 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_MISS           8
9203 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_WRITE          9
9204 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_DEFERRED_FKS        10
9205 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_USED_SHARED   11
9206 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_CACHE_SPILL         12
9207 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_TEMPBUF_SPILL       13
9208 #define SQLITE_DBSTATUS_MAX                 13   /* Largest defined DBSTATUS */
9209 
9210 
9211 /*
9212 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Status
9213 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
9214 **
9215 ** ^(Each prepared statement maintains various
9216 ** [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters] that measure the number
9217 ** of times it has performed specific operations.)^  These counters can
9218 ** be used to monitor the performance characteristics of the prepared
9219 ** statements.  For example, if the number of table steps greatly exceeds
9220 ** the number of table searches or result rows, that would tend to indicate
9221 ** that the prepared statement is using a full table scan rather than
9222 ** an index.
9223 **
9224 ** ^(This interface is used to retrieve and reset counter values from
9225 ** a [prepared statement].  The first argument is the prepared statement
9226 ** object to be interrogated.  The second argument
9227 ** is an integer code for a specific [SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter]
9228 ** to be interrogated.)^
9229 ** ^The current value of the requested counter is returned.
9230 ** ^If the resetFlg is true, then the counter is reset to zero after this
9231 ** interface call returns.
9232 **
9233 ** See also: [sqlite3_status()] and [sqlite3_db_status()].
9234 */
9235 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_status(sqlite3_stmt*, int op,int resetFlg);
9236 
9237 /*
9238 ** CAPI3REF: Status Parameters for prepared statements
9239 ** KEYWORDS: {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counter} {SQLITE_STMTSTATUS counters}
9240 **
9241 ** These preprocessor macros define integer codes that name counter
9242 ** values associated with the [sqlite3_stmt_status()] interface.
9243 ** The meanings of the various counters are as follows:
9244 **
9245 ** <dl>
9246 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP</dt>
9247 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that SQLite has stepped forward in
9248 ** a table as part of a full table scan.  Large numbers for this counter
9249 ** may indicate opportunities for performance improvement through
9250 ** careful use of indices.</dd>
9251 **
9252 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT</dt>
9253 ** <dd>^This is the number of sort operations that have occurred.
9254 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
9255 ** improve performance through careful use of indices.</dd>
9256 **
9257 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX</dt>
9258 ** <dd>^This is the number of rows inserted into transient indices that
9259 ** were created automatically in order to help joins run faster.
9260 ** A non-zero value in this counter may indicate an opportunity to
9261 ** improve performance by adding permanent indices that do not
9262 ** need to be reinitialized each time the statement is run.</dd>
9263 **
9264 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP</dt>
9265 ** <dd>^This is the number of virtual machine operations executed
9266 ** by the prepared statement if that number is less than or equal
9267 ** to 2147483647.  The number of virtual machine operations can be
9268 ** used as a proxy for the total work done by the prepared statement.
9269 ** If the number of virtual machine operations exceeds 2147483647
9270 ** then the value returned by this statement status code is undefined.</dd>
9271 **
9272 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE</dt>
9273 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepare statement has been
9274 ** automatically regenerated due to schema changes or changes to
9275 ** [bound parameters] that might affect the query plan.</dd>
9276 **
9277 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN</dt>
9278 ** <dd>^This is the number of times that the prepared statement has
9279 ** been run.  A single "run" for the purposes of this counter is one
9280 ** or more calls to [sqlite3_step()] followed by a call to [sqlite3_reset()].
9281 ** The counter is incremented on the first [sqlite3_step()] call of each
9282 ** cycle.</dd>
9283 **
9284 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS]]
9285 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER HIT]]
9286 ** <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT<br>
9287 ** SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS</dt>
9288 ** <dd>^SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT is the number of times that a join
9289 ** step was bypassed because a Bloom filter returned not-found.  The
9290 ** corresponding SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS value is the number of
9291 ** times that the Bloom filter returned a find, and thus the join step
9292 ** had to be processed as normal.</dd>
9293 **
9294 ** [[SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED]] <dt>SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED</dt>
9295 ** <dd>^This is the approximate number of bytes of heap memory
9296 ** used to store the prepared statement.  ^This value is not actually
9297 ** a counter, and so the resetFlg parameter to sqlite3_stmt_status()
9298 ** is ignored when the opcode is SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED.
9299 ** </dd>
9300 ** </dl>
9301 */
9302 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FULLSCAN_STEP     1
9303 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_SORT              2
9304 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_AUTOINDEX         3
9305 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_VM_STEP           4
9306 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_REPREPARE         5
9307 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_RUN               6
9308 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_MISS       7
9309 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_FILTER_HIT        8
9310 #define SQLITE_STMTSTATUS_MEMUSED           99
9311 
9312 /*
9313 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
9314 **
9315 ** The sqlite3_pcache type is opaque.  It is implemented by
9316 ** the pluggable module.  The SQLite core has no knowledge of
9317 ** its size or internal structure and never deals with the
9318 ** sqlite3_pcache object except by holding and passing pointers
9319 ** to the object.
9320 **
9321 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
9322 */
9323 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache sqlite3_pcache;
9324 
9325 /*
9326 ** CAPI3REF: Custom Page Cache Object
9327 **
9328 ** The sqlite3_pcache_page object represents a single page in the
9329 ** page cache.  The page cache will allocate instances of this
9330 ** object.  Various methods of the page cache use pointers to instances
9331 ** of this object as parameters or as their return value.
9332 **
9333 ** See [sqlite3_pcache_methods2] for additional information.
9334 */
9335 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_page sqlite3_pcache_page;
9336 struct sqlite3_pcache_page {
9337   void *pBuf;        /* The content of the page */
9338   void *pExtra;      /* Extra information associated with the page */
9339 };
9340 
9341 /*
9342 ** CAPI3REF: Application Defined Page Cache.
9343 ** KEYWORDS: {page cache}
9344 **
9345 ** ^(The [sqlite3_config]([SQLITE_CONFIG_PCACHE2], ...) interface can
9346 ** register an alternative page cache implementation by passing in an
9347 ** instance of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure.)^
9348 ** In many applications, most of the heap memory allocated by
9349 ** SQLite is used for the page cache.
9350 ** By implementing a
9351 ** custom page cache using this API, an application can better control
9352 ** the amount of memory consumed by SQLite, the way in which
9353 ** that memory is allocated and released, and the policies used to
9354 ** determine exactly which parts of a database file are cached and for
9355 ** how long.
9356 **
9357 ** The alternative page cache mechanism is an
9358 ** extreme measure that is only needed by the most demanding applications.
9359 ** The built-in page cache is recommended for most uses.
9360 **
9361 ** ^(The contents of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2 structure are copied to an
9362 ** internal buffer by SQLite within the call to [sqlite3_config].  Hence
9363 ** the application may discard the parameter after the call to
9364 ** [sqlite3_config()] returns.)^
9365 **
9366 ** [[the xInit() page cache method]]
9367 ** ^(The xInit() method is called once for each effective
9368 ** call to [sqlite3_initialize()])^
9369 ** (usually only once during the lifetime of the process). ^(The xInit()
9370 ** method is passed a copy of the sqlite3_pcache_methods2.pArg value.)^
9371 ** The intent of the xInit() method is to set up global data structures
9372 ** required by the custom page cache implementation.
9373 ** ^(If the xInit() method is NULL, then the
9374 ** built-in default page cache is used instead of the application defined
9375 ** page cache.)^
9376 **
9377 ** [[the xShutdown() page cache method]]
9378 ** ^The xShutdown() method is called by [sqlite3_shutdown()].
9379 ** It can be used to clean up
9380 ** any outstanding resources before process shutdown, if required.
9381 ** ^The xShutdown() method may be NULL.
9382 **
9383 ** ^SQLite automatically serializes calls to the xInit method,
9384 ** so the xInit method need not be threadsafe.  ^The
9385 ** xShutdown method is only called from [sqlite3_shutdown()] so it does
9386 ** not need to be threadsafe either.  All other methods must be threadsafe
9387 ** in multithreaded applications.
9388 **
9389 ** ^SQLite will never invoke xInit() more than once without an intervening
9390 ** call to xShutdown().
9391 **
9392 ** [[the xCreate() page cache methods]]
9393 ** ^SQLite invokes the xCreate() method to construct a new cache instance.
9394 ** SQLite will typically create one cache instance for each open database file,
9395 ** though this is not guaranteed. ^The
9396 ** first parameter, szPage, is the size in bytes of the pages that must
9397 ** be allocated by the cache.  ^szPage will always be a power of two.  ^The
9398 ** second parameter szExtra is a number of bytes of extra storage
9399 ** associated with each page cache entry.  ^The szExtra parameter will be
9400 ** a number less than 250.  SQLite will use the
9401 ** extra szExtra bytes on each page to store metadata about the underlying
9402 ** database page on disk.  The value passed into szExtra depends
9403 ** on the SQLite version, the target platform, and how SQLite was compiled.
9404 ** ^The third argument to xCreate(), bPurgeable, is true if the cache being
9405 ** created will be used to cache database pages of a file stored on disk, or
9406 ** false if it is used for an in-memory database. The cache implementation
9407 ** does not have to do anything special based upon the value of bPurgeable;
9408 ** it is purely advisory.  ^On a cache where bPurgeable is false, SQLite will
9409 ** never invoke xUnpin() except to deliberately delete a page.
9410 ** ^In other words, calls to xUnpin() on a cache with bPurgeable set to
9411 ** false will always have the "discard" flag set to true.
9412 ** ^Hence, a cache created with bPurgeable set to false will
9413 ** never contain any unpinned pages.
9414 **
9415 ** [[the xCachesize() page cache method]]
9416 ** ^(The xCachesize() method may be called at any time by SQLite to set the
9417 ** suggested maximum cache-size (number of pages stored) for the cache
9418 ** instance passed as the first argument. This is the value configured using
9419 ** the SQLite "[PRAGMA cache_size]" command.)^  As with the bPurgeable
9420 ** parameter, the implementation is not required to do anything with this
9421 ** value; it is advisory only.
9422 **
9423 ** [[the xPagecount() page cache methods]]
9424 ** The xPagecount() method must return the number of pages currently
9425 ** stored in the cache, both pinned and unpinned.
9426 **
9427 ** [[the xFetch() page cache methods]]
9428 ** The xFetch() method locates a page in the cache and returns a pointer to
9429 ** an sqlite3_pcache_page object associated with that page, or a NULL pointer.
9430 ** The pBuf element of the returned sqlite3_pcache_page object will be a
9431 ** pointer to a buffer of szPage bytes used to store the content of a
9432 ** single database page.  The pExtra element of sqlite3_pcache_page will be
9433 ** a pointer to the szExtra bytes of extra storage that SQLite has requested
9434 ** for each entry in the page cache.
9435 **
9436 ** The page to be fetched is determined by the key. ^The minimum key value
9437 ** is 1.  After it has been retrieved using xFetch, the page is considered
9438 ** to be "pinned".
9439 **
9440 ** If the requested page is already in the page cache, then the page cache
9441 ** implementation must return a pointer to the page buffer with its content
9442 ** intact.  If the requested page is not already in the cache, then the
9443 ** cache implementation should use the value of the createFlag
9444 ** parameter to help it determine what action to take:
9445 **
9446 ** <table border=1 width=85% align=center>
9447 ** <tr><th> createFlag <th> Behavior when page is not already in cache
9448 ** <tr><td> 0 <td> Do not allocate a new page.  Return NULL.
9449 ** <tr><td> 1 <td> Allocate a new page if it is easy and convenient to do so.
9450 **                 Otherwise return NULL.
9451 ** <tr><td> 2 <td> Make every effort to allocate a new page.  Only return
9452 **                 NULL if allocating a new page is effectively impossible.
9453 ** </table>
9454 **
9455 ** ^(SQLite will normally invoke xFetch() with a createFlag of 0 or 1.  SQLite
9456 ** will only use a createFlag of 2 after a prior call with a createFlag of 1
9457 ** failed.)^  In between the xFetch() calls, SQLite may
9458 ** attempt to unpin one or more cache pages by spilling the content of
9459 ** pinned pages to disk and synching the operating system disk cache.
9460 **
9461 ** [[the xUnpin() page cache method]]
9462 ** ^xUnpin() is called by SQLite with a pointer to a currently pinned page
9463 ** as its second argument.  If the third parameter, discard, is non-zero,
9464 ** then the page must be evicted from the cache.
9465 ** ^If the discard parameter is
9466 ** zero, then the page may be discarded or retained at the discretion of the
9467 ** page cache implementation. ^The page cache implementation
9468 ** may choose to evict unpinned pages at any time.
9469 **
9470 ** The cache must not perform any reference counting. A single
9471 ** call to xUnpin() unpins the page regardless of the number of prior calls
9472 ** to xFetch().
9473 **
9474 ** [[the xRekey() page cache methods]]
9475 ** The xRekey() method is used to change the key value associated with the
9476 ** page passed as the second argument. If the cache
9477 ** previously contains an entry associated with newKey, it must be
9478 ** discarded. ^Any prior cache entry associated with newKey is guaranteed not
9479 ** to be pinned.
9480 **
9481 ** When SQLite calls the xTruncate() method, the cache must discard all
9482 ** existing cache entries with page numbers (keys) greater than or equal
9483 ** to the value of the iLimit parameter passed to xTruncate(). If any
9484 ** of these pages are pinned, they become implicitly unpinned, meaning that
9485 ** they can be safely discarded.
9486 **
9487 ** [[the xDestroy() page cache method]]
9488 ** ^The xDestroy() method is used to delete a cache allocated by xCreate().
9489 ** All resources associated with the specified cache should be freed. ^After
9490 ** calling the xDestroy() method, SQLite considers the [sqlite3_pcache*]
9491 ** handle invalid, and will not use it with any other sqlite3_pcache_methods2
9492 ** functions.
9493 **
9494 ** [[the xShrink() page cache method]]
9495 ** ^SQLite invokes the xShrink() method when it wants the page cache to
9496 ** free up as much of heap memory as possible.  The page cache implementation
9497 ** is not obligated to free any memory, but well-behaved implementations should
9498 ** do their best.
9499 */
9500 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 sqlite3_pcache_methods2;
9501 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods2 {
9502   int iVersion;
9503   void *pArg;
9504   int (*xInit)(void*);
9505   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
9506   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int szExtra, int bPurgeable);
9507   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
9508   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
9509   sqlite3_pcache_page *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
9510   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*, int discard);
9511   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, sqlite3_pcache_page*,
9512       unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
9513   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
9514   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
9515   void (*xShrink)(sqlite3_pcache*);
9516 };
9517 
9518 /*
9519 ** This is the obsolete pcache_methods object that has now been replaced
9520 ** by sqlite3_pcache_methods2.  This object is not used by SQLite.  It is
9521 ** retained in the header file for backwards compatibility only.
9522 */
9523 typedef struct sqlite3_pcache_methods sqlite3_pcache_methods;
9524 struct sqlite3_pcache_methods {
9525   void *pArg;
9526   int (*xInit)(void*);
9527   void (*xShutdown)(void*);
9528   sqlite3_pcache *(*xCreate)(int szPage, int bPurgeable);
9529   void (*xCachesize)(sqlite3_pcache*, int nCachesize);
9530   int (*xPagecount)(sqlite3_pcache*);
9531   void *(*xFetch)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned key, int createFlag);
9532   void (*xUnpin)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, int discard);
9533   void (*xRekey)(sqlite3_pcache*, void*, unsigned oldKey, unsigned newKey);
9534   void (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_pcache*, unsigned iLimit);
9535   void (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_pcache*);
9536 };
9537 
9538 
9539 /*
9540 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup Object
9541 **
9542 ** The sqlite3_backup object records state information about an ongoing
9543 ** online backup operation.  ^The sqlite3_backup object is created by
9544 ** a call to [sqlite3_backup_init()] and is destroyed by a call to
9545 ** [sqlite3_backup_finish()].
9546 **
9547 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
9548 */
9549 typedef struct sqlite3_backup sqlite3_backup;
9550 
9551 /*
9552 ** CAPI3REF: Online Backup API.
9553 **
9554 ** The backup API copies the content of one database into another.
9555 ** It is useful either for creating backups of databases or
9556 ** for copying in-memory databases to or from persistent files.
9557 **
9558 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Online Backup API]
9559 **
9560 ** ^SQLite holds a write transaction open on the destination database file
9561 ** for the duration of the backup operation.
9562 ** ^The source database is read-locked only while it is being read;
9563 ** it is not locked continuously for the entire backup operation.
9564 ** ^Thus, the backup may be performed on a live source database without
9565 ** preventing other database connections from
9566 ** reading or writing to the source database while the backup is underway.
9567 **
9568 ** ^(To perform a backup operation:
9569 **   <ol>
9570 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b> is called once to initialize the
9571 **         backup,
9572 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b> is called one or more times to transfer
9573 **         the data between the two databases, and finally
9574 **     <li><b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b> is called to release all resources
9575 **         associated with the backup operation.
9576 **   </ol>)^
9577 ** There should be exactly one call to sqlite3_backup_finish() for each
9578 ** successful call to sqlite3_backup_init().
9579 **
9580 ** [[sqlite3_backup_init()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_init()</b>
9581 **
9582 ** ^The D and N arguments to sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) are the
9583 ** [database connection] associated with the destination database
9584 ** and the database name, respectively.
9585 ** ^The database name is "main" for the main database, "temp" for the
9586 ** temporary database, or the name specified after the AS keyword in
9587 ** an [ATTACH] statement for an attached database.
9588 ** ^The S and M arguments passed to
9589 ** sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) identify the [database connection]
9590 ** and database name of the source database, respectively.
9591 ** ^The source and destination [database connections] (parameters S and D)
9592 ** must be different or else sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M) will fail with
9593 ** an error.
9594 **
9595 ** ^A call to sqlite3_backup_init() will fail, returning NULL, if
9596 ** there is already a read or read-write transaction open on the
9597 ** destination database.
9598 **
9599 ** ^If an error occurs within sqlite3_backup_init(D,N,S,M), then NULL is
9600 ** returned and an error code and error message are stored in the
9601 ** destination [database connection] D.
9602 ** ^The error code and message for the failed call to sqlite3_backup_init()
9603 ** can be retrieved using the [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and/or
9604 ** [sqlite3_errmsg16()] functions.
9605 ** ^A successful call to sqlite3_backup_init() returns a pointer to an
9606 ** [sqlite3_backup] object.
9607 ** ^The [sqlite3_backup] object may be used with the sqlite3_backup_step() and
9608 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() functions to perform the specified backup
9609 ** operation.
9610 **
9611 ** [[sqlite3_backup_step()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_step()</b>
9612 **
9613 ** ^Function sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) will copy up to N pages between
9614 ** the source and destination databases specified by [sqlite3_backup] object B.
9615 ** ^If N is negative, all remaining source pages are copied.
9616 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully copies N pages and there
9617 ** are still more pages to be copied, then the function returns [SQLITE_OK].
9618 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step(B,N) successfully finishes copying all pages
9619 ** from source to destination, then it returns [SQLITE_DONE].
9620 ** ^If an error occurs while running sqlite3_backup_step(B,N),
9621 ** then an [error code] is returned. ^As well as [SQLITE_OK] and
9622 ** [SQLITE_DONE], a call to sqlite3_backup_step() may return [SQLITE_READONLY],
9623 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], [SQLITE_LOCKED], or an
9624 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX] extended error code.
9625 **
9626 ** ^(The sqlite3_backup_step() might return [SQLITE_READONLY] if
9627 ** <ol>
9628 ** <li> the destination database was opened read-only, or
9629 ** <li> the destination database is using write-ahead-log journaling
9630 ** and the destination and source page sizes differ, or
9631 ** <li> the destination database is an in-memory database and the
9632 ** destination and source page sizes differ.
9633 ** </ol>)^
9634 **
9635 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() cannot obtain a required file-system lock, then
9636 ** the [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy-handler function]
9637 ** is invoked (if one is specified). ^If the
9638 ** busy-handler returns non-zero before the lock is available, then
9639 ** [SQLITE_BUSY] is returned to the caller. ^In this case the call to
9640 ** sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later. ^If the source
9641 ** [database connection]
9642 ** is being used to write to the source database when sqlite3_backup_step()
9643 ** is called, then [SQLITE_LOCKED] is returned immediately. ^Again, in this
9644 ** case the call to sqlite3_backup_step() can be retried later on. ^(If
9645 ** [SQLITE_IOERR_ACCESS | SQLITE_IOERR_XXX], [SQLITE_NOMEM], or
9646 ** [SQLITE_READONLY] is returned, then
9647 ** there is no point in retrying the call to sqlite3_backup_step(). These
9648 ** errors are considered fatal.)^  The application must accept
9649 ** that the backup operation has failed and pass the backup operation handle
9650 ** to the sqlite3_backup_finish() to release associated resources.
9651 **
9652 ** ^The first call to sqlite3_backup_step() obtains an exclusive lock
9653 ** on the destination file. ^The exclusive lock is not released until either
9654 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() is called or the backup operation is complete
9655 ** and sqlite3_backup_step() returns [SQLITE_DONE].  ^Every call to
9656 ** sqlite3_backup_step() obtains a [shared lock] on the source database that
9657 ** lasts for the duration of the sqlite3_backup_step() call.
9658 ** ^Because the source database is not locked between calls to
9659 ** sqlite3_backup_step(), the source database may be modified mid-way
9660 ** through the backup process.  ^If the source database is modified by an
9661 ** external process or via a database connection other than the one being
9662 ** used by the backup operation, then the backup will be automatically
9663 ** restarted by the next call to sqlite3_backup_step(). ^If the source
9664 ** database is modified by using the same database connection as is used
9665 ** by the backup operation, then the backup database is automatically
9666 ** updated at the same time.
9667 **
9668 ** [[sqlite3_backup_finish()]] <b>sqlite3_backup_finish()</b>
9669 **
9670 ** When sqlite3_backup_step() has returned [SQLITE_DONE], or when the
9671 ** application wishes to abandon the backup operation, the application
9672 ** should destroy the [sqlite3_backup] by passing it to sqlite3_backup_finish().
9673 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_finish() interfaces releases all
9674 ** resources associated with the [sqlite3_backup] object.
9675 ** ^If sqlite3_backup_step() has not yet returned [SQLITE_DONE], then any
9676 ** active write-transaction on the destination database is rolled back.
9677 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object is invalid
9678 ** and may not be used following a call to sqlite3_backup_finish().
9679 **
9680 ** ^The value returned by sqlite3_backup_finish is [SQLITE_OK] if no
9681 ** sqlite3_backup_step() errors occurred, regardless of whether or not
9682 ** sqlite3_backup_step() completed.
9683 ** ^If an out-of-memory condition or IO error occurred during any prior
9684 ** sqlite3_backup_step() call on the same [sqlite3_backup] object, then
9685 ** sqlite3_backup_finish() returns the corresponding [error code].
9686 **
9687 ** ^A return of [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_LOCKED] from sqlite3_backup_step()
9688 ** is not a permanent error and does not affect the return value of
9689 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().
9690 **
9691 ** [[sqlite3_backup_remaining()]] [[sqlite3_backup_pagecount()]]
9692 ** <b>sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()</b>
9693 **
9694 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_remaining() routine returns the number of pages still
9695 ** to be backed up at the conclusion of the most recent sqlite3_backup_step().
9696 ** ^The sqlite3_backup_pagecount() routine returns the total number of pages
9697 ** in the source database at the conclusion of the most recent
9698 ** sqlite3_backup_step().
9699 ** ^(The values returned by these functions are only updated by
9700 ** sqlite3_backup_step(). If the source database is modified in a way that
9701 ** changes the size of the source database or the number of pages remaining,
9702 ** those changes are not reflected in the output of sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
9703 ** and sqlite3_backup_remaining() until after the next
9704 ** sqlite3_backup_step().)^
9705 **
9706 ** <b>Concurrent Usage of Database Handles</b>
9707 **
9708 ** ^The source [database connection] may be used by the application for other
9709 ** purposes while a backup operation is underway or being initialized.
9710 ** ^If SQLite is compiled and configured to support threadsafe database
9711 ** connections, then the source database connection may be used concurrently
9712 ** from within other threads.
9713 **
9714 ** However, the application must guarantee that the destination
9715 ** [database connection] is not passed to any other API (by any thread) after
9716 ** sqlite3_backup_init() is called and before the corresponding call to
9717 ** sqlite3_backup_finish().  SQLite does not currently check to see
9718 ** if the application incorrectly accesses the destination [database connection]
9719 ** and so no error code is reported, but the operations may malfunction
9720 ** nevertheless.  Use of the destination database connection while a
9721 ** backup is in progress might also cause a mutex deadlock.
9722 **
9723 ** If running in [shared cache mode], the application must
9724 ** guarantee that the shared cache used by the destination database
9725 ** is not accessed while the backup is running. In practice this means
9726 ** that the application must guarantee that the disk file being
9727 ** backed up to is not accessed by any connection within the process,
9728 ** not just the specific connection that was passed to sqlite3_backup_init().
9729 **
9730 ** The [sqlite3_backup] object itself is partially threadsafe. Multiple
9731 ** threads may safely make multiple concurrent calls to sqlite3_backup_step().
9732 ** However, the sqlite3_backup_remaining() and sqlite3_backup_pagecount()
9733 ** APIs are not strictly speaking threadsafe. If they are invoked at the
9734 ** same time as another thread is invoking sqlite3_backup_step() it is
9735 ** possible that they return invalid values.
9736 **
9737 ** <b>Alternatives To Using The Backup API</b>
9738 **
9739 ** Other techniques for safely creating a consistent backup of an SQLite
9740 ** database include:
9741 **
9742 ** <ul>
9743 ** <li> The [VACUUM INTO] command.
9744 ** <li> The [sqlite3_rsync] utility program.
9745 ** </ul>
9746 */
9747 SQLITE_API sqlite3_backup *sqlite3_backup_init(
9748   sqlite3 *pDest,                        /* Destination database handle */
9749   const char *zDestName,                 /* Destination database name */
9750   sqlite3 *pSource,                      /* Source database handle */
9751   const char *zSourceName                /* Source database name */
9752 );
9753 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_step(sqlite3_backup *p, int nPage);
9754 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_finish(sqlite3_backup *p);
9755 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_remaining(sqlite3_backup *p);
9756 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_backup_pagecount(sqlite3_backup *p);
9757 
9758 /*
9759 ** CAPI3REF: Unlock Notification
9760 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9761 **
9762 ** ^When running in shared-cache mode, a database operation may fail with
9763 ** an [SQLITE_LOCKED] error if the required locks on the shared-cache or
9764 ** individual tables within the shared-cache cannot be obtained. See
9765 ** [SQLite Shared-Cache Mode] for a description of shared-cache locking.
9766 ** ^This API may be used to register a callback that SQLite will invoke
9767 ** when the connection currently holding the required lock relinquishes it.
9768 ** ^This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
9769 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_UNLOCK_NOTIFY] C-preprocessor symbol defined.
9770 **
9771 ** See Also: [Using the SQLite Unlock Notification Feature].
9772 **
9773 ** ^Shared-cache locks are released when a database connection concludes
9774 ** its current transaction, either by committing it or rolling it back.
9775 **
9776 ** ^When a connection (known as the blocked connection) fails to obtain a
9777 ** shared-cache lock and SQLITE_LOCKED is returned to the caller, the
9778 ** identity of the database connection (the blocking connection) that
9779 ** has locked the required resource is stored internally. ^After an
9780 ** application receives an SQLITE_LOCKED error, it may call the
9781 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() method with the blocked connection handle as
9782 ** the first argument to register for a callback that will be invoked
9783 ** when the blocking connection's current transaction is concluded. ^The
9784 ** callback is invoked from within the [sqlite3_step] or [sqlite3_close]
9785 ** call that concludes the blocking connection's transaction.
9786 **
9787 ** ^(If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called in a multi-threaded application,
9788 ** there is a chance that the blocking connection will have already
9789 ** concluded its transaction by the time sqlite3_unlock_notify() is invoked.
9790 ** If this happens, then the specified callback is invoked immediately,
9791 ** from within the call to sqlite3_unlock_notify().)^
9792 **
9793 ** ^If the blocked connection is attempting to obtain a write-lock on a
9794 ** shared-cache table, and more than one other connection currently holds
9795 ** a read-lock on the same table, then SQLite arbitrarily selects one of
9796 ** the other connections to use as the blocking connection.
9797 **
9798 ** ^(There may be at most one unlock-notify callback registered by a
9799 ** blocked connection. If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is called when the
9800 ** blocked connection already has a registered unlock-notify callback,
9801 ** then the new callback replaces the old.)^ ^If sqlite3_unlock_notify() is
9802 ** called with a NULL pointer as its second argument, then any existing
9803 ** unlock-notify callback is canceled. ^The blocked connection's
9804 ** unlock-notify callback may also be canceled by closing the blocked
9805 ** connection using [sqlite3_close()].
9806 **
9807 ** The unlock-notify callback is not reentrant. If an application invokes
9808 ** any sqlite3_xxx API functions from within an unlock-notify callback, a
9809 ** crash or deadlock may be the result.
9810 **
9811 ** ^Unless deadlock is detected (see below), sqlite3_unlock_notify() always
9812 ** returns SQLITE_OK.
9813 **
9814 ** <b>Callback Invocation Details</b>
9815 **
9816 ** When an unlock-notify callback is registered, the application provides a
9817 ** single void* pointer that is passed to the callback when it is invoked.
9818 ** However, the signature of the callback function allows SQLite to pass
9819 ** it an array of void* context pointers. The first argument passed to
9820 ** an unlock-notify callback is a pointer to an array of void* pointers,
9821 ** and the second is the number of entries in the array.
9822 **
9823 ** When a blocking connection's transaction is concluded, there may be
9824 ** more than one blocked connection that has registered for an unlock-notify
9825 ** callback. ^If two or more such blocked connections have specified the
9826 ** same callback function, then instead of invoking the callback function
9827 ** multiple times, it is invoked once with the set of void* context pointers
9828 ** specified by the blocked connections bundled together into an array.
9829 ** This gives the application an opportunity to prioritize any actions
9830 ** related to the set of unblocked database connections.
9831 **
9832 ** <b>Deadlock Detection</b>
9833 **
9834 ** Assuming that after registering for an unlock-notify callback a
9835 ** database waits for the callback to be issued before taking any further
9836 ** action (a reasonable assumption), then using this API may cause the
9837 ** application to deadlock. For example, if connection X is waiting for
9838 ** connection Y's transaction to be concluded, and similarly connection
9839 ** Y is waiting on connection X's transaction, then neither connection
9840 ** will proceed and the system may remain deadlocked indefinitely.
9841 **
9842 ** To avoid this scenario, the sqlite3_unlock_notify() performs deadlock
9843 ** detection. ^If a given call to sqlite3_unlock_notify() would put the
9844 ** system in a deadlocked state, then SQLITE_LOCKED is returned and no
9845 ** unlock-notify callback is registered. The system is said to be in
9846 ** a deadlocked state if connection A has registered for an unlock-notify
9847 ** callback on the conclusion of connection B's transaction, and connection
9848 ** B has itself registered for an unlock-notify callback when connection
9849 ** A's transaction is concluded. ^Indirect deadlock is also detected, so
9850 ** the system is also considered to be deadlocked if connection B has
9851 ** registered for an unlock-notify callback on the conclusion of connection
9852 ** C's transaction, where connection C is waiting on connection A. ^Any
9853 ** number of levels of indirection are allowed.
9854 **
9855 ** <b>The "DROP TABLE" Exception</b>
9856 **
9857 ** When a call to [sqlite3_step()] returns SQLITE_LOCKED, it is almost
9858 ** always appropriate to call sqlite3_unlock_notify(). There is however,
9859 ** one exception. When executing a "DROP TABLE" or "DROP INDEX" statement,
9860 ** SQLite checks if there are any currently executing SELECT statements
9861 ** that belong to the same connection. If there are, SQLITE_LOCKED is
9862 ** returned. In this case there is no "blocking connection", so invoking
9863 ** sqlite3_unlock_notify() results in the unlock-notify callback being
9864 ** invoked immediately. If the application then re-attempts the "DROP TABLE"
9865 ** or "DROP INDEX" query, an infinite loop might be the result.
9866 **
9867 ** One way around this problem is to check the extended error code returned
9868 ** by an sqlite3_step() call. ^(If there is a blocking connection, then the
9869 ** extended error code is set to SQLITE_LOCKED_SHAREDCACHE. Otherwise, in
9870 ** the special "DROP TABLE/INDEX" case, the extended error code is just
9871 ** SQLITE_LOCKED.)^
9872 */
9873 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_unlock_notify(
9874   sqlite3 *pBlocked,                          /* Waiting connection */
9875   void (*xNotify)(void **apArg, int nArg),    /* Callback function to invoke */
9876   void *pNotifyArg                            /* Argument to pass to xNotify */
9877 );
9878 
9879 
9880 /*
9881 ** CAPI3REF: String Comparison
9882 **
9883 ** ^The [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()] APIs allow applications
9884 ** and extensions to compare the contents of two buffers containing UTF-8
9885 ** strings in a case-independent fashion, using the same definition of "case
9886 ** independence" that SQLite uses internally when comparing identifiers.
9887 */
9888 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stricmp(const char *, const char *);
9889 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strnicmp(const char *, const char *, int);
9890 
9891 /*
9892 ** CAPI3REF: String Globbing
9893 *
9894 ** ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] interface returns zero if and only if
9895 ** string X matches the [GLOB] pattern P.
9896 ** ^The definition of [GLOB] pattern matching used in
9897 ** [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] is the same as for the "X GLOB P" operator in the
9898 ** SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^The [sqlite3_strglob(P,X)] function
9899 ** is case sensitive.
9900 **
9901 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
9902 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
9903 **
9904 ** See also: [sqlite3_strlike()].
9905 */
9906 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strglob(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr);
9907 
9908 /*
9909 ** CAPI3REF: String LIKE Matching
9910 *
9911 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] interface returns zero if and only if
9912 ** string X matches the [LIKE] pattern P with escape character E.
9913 ** ^The definition of [LIKE] pattern matching used in
9914 ** [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] is the same as for the "X LIKE P ESCAPE E"
9915 ** operator in the SQL dialect understood by SQLite.  ^For "X LIKE P" without
9916 ** the ESCAPE clause, set the E parameter of [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] to 0.
9917 ** ^As with the LIKE operator, the [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function is case
9918 ** insensitive - equivalent upper and lower case ASCII characters match
9919 ** one another.
9920 **
9921 ** ^The [sqlite3_strlike(P,X,E)] function matches Unicode characters, though
9922 ** only ASCII characters are case folded.
9923 **
9924 ** Note that this routine returns zero on a match and non-zero if the strings
9925 ** do not match, the same as [sqlite3_stricmp()] and [sqlite3_strnicmp()].
9926 **
9927 ** See also: [sqlite3_strglob()].
9928 */
9929 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_strlike(const char *zGlob, const char *zStr, unsigned int cEsc);
9930 
9931 /*
9932 ** CAPI3REF: Error Logging Interface
9933 **
9934 ** ^The [sqlite3_log()] interface writes a message into the [error log]
9935 ** established by the [SQLITE_CONFIG_LOG] option to [sqlite3_config()].
9936 ** ^If logging is enabled, the zFormat string and subsequent arguments are
9937 ** used with [sqlite3_snprintf()] to generate the final output string.
9938 **
9939 ** The sqlite3_log() interface is intended for use by extensions such as
9940 ** virtual tables, collating functions, and SQL functions.  While there is
9941 ** nothing to prevent an application from calling sqlite3_log(), doing so
9942 ** is considered bad form.
9943 **
9944 ** The zFormat string must not be NULL.
9945 **
9946 ** To avoid deadlocks and other threading problems, the sqlite3_log() routine
9947 ** will not use dynamically allocated memory.  The log message is stored in
9948 ** a fixed-length buffer on the stack.  If the log message is longer than
9949 ** a few hundred characters, it will be truncated to the length of the
9950 ** buffer.
9951 */
9952 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_log(int iErrCode, const char *zFormat, ...);
9953 
9954 /*
9955 ** CAPI3REF: Write-Ahead Log Commit Hook
9956 ** METHOD: sqlite3
9957 **
9958 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_hook()] function is used to register a callback that
9959 ** is invoked each time data is committed to a database in wal mode.
9960 **
9961 ** ^(The callback is invoked by SQLite after the commit has taken place and
9962 ** the associated write-lock on the database released)^, so the implementation
9963 ** may read, write or [checkpoint] the database as required.
9964 **
9965 ** ^The first parameter passed to the callback function when it is invoked
9966 ** is a copy of the third parameter passed to sqlite3_wal_hook() when
9967 ** registering the callback. ^The second is a copy of the database handle.
9968 ** ^The third parameter is the name of the database that was written to -
9969 ** either "main" or the name of an [ATTACH]-ed database. ^The fourth parameter
9970 ** is the number of pages currently in the write-ahead log file,
9971 ** including those that were just committed.
9972 **
9973 ** ^The callback function should normally return [SQLITE_OK].  ^If an error
9974 ** code is returned, that error will propagate back up through the
9975 ** SQLite code base to cause the statement that provoked the callback
9976 ** to report an error, though the commit will have still occurred. If the
9977 ** callback returns [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE], or if it returns a value
9978 ** that does not correspond to any valid SQLite error code, the results
9979 ** are undefined.
9980 **
9981 ** ^A single database handle may have at most a single write-ahead log
9982 ** callback registered at one time. ^Calling [sqlite3_wal_hook()]
9983 ** replaces the default behavior or previously registered write-ahead
9984 ** log callback.
9985 **
9986 ** ^The return value is a copy of the third parameter from the
9987 ** previous call, if any, or 0.
9988 **
9989 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint()] interface and the
9990 ** [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] both invoke [sqlite3_wal_hook()] and
9991 ** will overwrite any prior [sqlite3_wal_hook()] settings.
9992 **
9993 ** ^If a write-ahead log callback is set using this function then
9994 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] or [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint]
9995 ** should be invoked periodically to keep the write-ahead log file
9996 ** from growing without bound.
9997 **
9998 ** ^Passing a NULL pointer for the callback disables automatic
9999 ** checkpointing entirely. To re-enable the default behavior, call
10000 ** sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(db,1000) or use [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint].
10001 */
10002 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_wal_hook(
10003   sqlite3*,
10004   int(*)(void *,sqlite3*,const char*,int),
10005   void*
10006 );
10007 
10008 /*
10009 ** CAPI3REF: Configure an auto-checkpoint
10010 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10011 **
10012 ** ^The [sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(D,N)] is a wrapper around
10013 ** [sqlite3_wal_hook()] that causes any database on [database connection] D
10014 ** to automatically [checkpoint]
10015 ** after committing a transaction if there are N or
10016 ** more frames in the [write-ahead log] file.  ^Passing zero or
10017 ** a negative value as the N parameter disables automatic
10018 ** checkpoints entirely.
10019 **
10020 ** ^The callback registered by this function replaces any existing callback
10021 ** registered using [sqlite3_wal_hook()].  ^Likewise, registering a callback
10022 ** using [sqlite3_wal_hook()] disables the automatic checkpoint mechanism
10023 ** configured by this function.
10024 **
10025 ** ^The [wal_autocheckpoint pragma] can be used to invoke this interface
10026 ** from SQL.
10027 **
10028 ** ^Checkpoints initiated by this mechanism are
10029 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2|PASSIVE].
10030 **
10031 ** ^Every new [database connection] defaults to having the auto-checkpoint
10032 ** enabled with a threshold of 1000 or [SQLITE_DEFAULT_WAL_AUTOCHECKPOINT]
10033 ** pages.
10034 **
10035 ** ^The use of this interface is only necessary if the default setting
10036 ** is found to be suboptimal for a particular application.
10037 */
10038 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_autocheckpoint(sqlite3 *db, int N);
10039 
10040 /*
10041 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
10042 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10043 **
10044 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) is equivalent to
10045 ** [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2](D,X,[SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE],0,0).)^
10046 **
10047 ** In brief, sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(D,X) causes the content in the
10048 ** [write-ahead log] for database X on [database connection] D to be
10049 ** transferred into the database file and for the write-ahead log to
10050 ** be reset.  See the [checkpointing] documentation for addition
10051 ** information.
10052 **
10053 ** This interface used to be the only way to cause a checkpoint to
10054 ** occur.  But then the newer and more powerful [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()]
10055 ** interface was added.  This interface is retained for backwards
10056 ** compatibility and as a convenience for applications that need to manually
10057 ** start a callback but which do not need the full power (and corresponding
10058 ** complication) of [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()].
10059 */
10060 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
10061 
10062 /*
10063 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint a database
10064 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10065 **
10066 ** ^(The sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(D,X,M,L,C) interface runs a checkpoint
10067 ** operation on database X of [database connection] D in mode M.  Status
10068 ** information is written back into integers pointed to by L and C.)^
10069 ** ^(The M parameter must be a valid [checkpoint mode]:)^
10070 **
10071 ** <dl>
10072 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE<dd>
10073 **   ^Checkpoint as many frames as possible without waiting for any database
10074 **   readers or writers to finish, then sync the database file if all frames
10075 **   in the log were checkpointed. ^The [busy-handler callback]
10076 **   is never invoked in the SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE mode.
10077 **   ^On the other hand, passive mode might leave the checkpoint unfinished
10078 **   if there are concurrent readers or writers.
10079 **
10080 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL<dd>
10081 **   ^This mode blocks (it invokes the
10082 **   [sqlite3_busy_handler|busy-handler callback]) until there is no
10083 **   database writer and all readers are reading from the most recent database
10084 **   snapshot. ^It then checkpoints all frames in the log file and syncs the
10085 **   database file. ^This mode blocks new database writers while it is pending,
10086 **   but new database readers are allowed to continue unimpeded.
10087 **
10088 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART<dd>
10089 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL with the addition
10090 **   that after checkpointing the log file it blocks (calls the
10091 **   [busy-handler callback])
10092 **   until all readers are reading from the database file only. ^This ensures
10093 **   that the next writer will restart the log file from the beginning.
10094 **   ^Like SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, this mode blocks new
10095 **   database writer attempts while it is pending, but does not impede readers.
10096 **
10097 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE<dd>
10098 **   ^This mode works the same way as SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART with the
10099 **   addition that it also truncates the log file to zero bytes just prior
10100 **   to a successful return.
10101 **
10102 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_NOOP<dd>
10103 **   ^This mode always checkpoints zero frames. The only reason to invoke
10104 **   a NOOP checkpoint is to access the values returned by
10105 **   sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() via output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt.
10106 ** </dl>
10107 **
10108 ** ^If pnLog is not NULL, then *pnLog is set to the total number of frames in
10109 ** the log file or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run because
10110 ** of an error or because the database is not in [WAL mode]. ^If pnCkpt is not
10111 ** NULL,then *pnCkpt is set to the total number of checkpointed frames in the
10112 ** log file (including any that were already checkpointed before the function
10113 ** was called) or to -1 if the checkpoint could not run due to an error or
10114 ** because the database is not in WAL mode. ^Note that upon successful
10115 ** completion of an SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE, the log file will have been
10116 ** truncated to zero bytes and so both *pnLog and *pnCkpt will be set to zero.
10117 **
10118 ** ^All calls obtain an exclusive "checkpoint" lock on the database file. ^If
10119 ** any other process is running a checkpoint operation at the same time, the
10120 ** lock cannot be obtained and SQLITE_BUSY is returned. ^Even if there is a
10121 ** busy-handler configured, it will not be invoked in this case.
10122 **
10123 ** ^The SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL, RESTART and TRUNCATE modes also obtain the
10124 ** exclusive "writer" lock on the database file. ^If the writer lock cannot be
10125 ** obtained immediately, and a busy-handler is configured, it is invoked and
10126 ** the writer lock retried until either the busy-handler returns 0 or the lock
10127 ** is successfully obtained. ^The busy-handler is also invoked while waiting for
10128 ** database readers as described above. ^If the busy-handler returns 0 before
10129 ** the writer lock is obtained or while waiting for database readers, the
10130 ** checkpoint operation proceeds from that point in the same way as
10131 ** SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE - checkpointing as many frames as possible
10132 ** without blocking any further. ^SQLITE_BUSY is returned in this case.
10133 **
10134 ** ^If parameter zDb is NULL or points to a zero length string, then the
10135 ** specified operation is attempted on all WAL databases [attached] to
10136 ** [database connection] db.  In this case the
10137 ** values written to output parameters *pnLog and *pnCkpt are undefined. ^If
10138 ** an SQLITE_BUSY error is encountered when processing one or more of the
10139 ** attached WAL databases, the operation is still attempted on any remaining
10140 ** attached databases and SQLITE_BUSY is returned at the end. ^If any other
10141 ** error occurs while processing an attached database, processing is abandoned
10142 ** and the error code is returned to the caller immediately. ^If no error
10143 ** (SQLITE_BUSY or otherwise) is encountered while processing the attached
10144 ** databases, SQLITE_OK is returned.
10145 **
10146 ** ^If database zDb is the name of an attached database that is not in WAL
10147 ** mode, SQLITE_OK is returned and both *pnLog and *pnCkpt set to -1. ^If
10148 ** zDb is not NULL (or a zero length string) and is not the name of any
10149 ** attached database, SQLITE_ERROR is returned to the caller.
10150 **
10151 ** ^Unless it returns SQLITE_MISUSE,
10152 ** the sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2() interface
10153 ** sets the error information that is queried by
10154 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
10155 **
10156 ** ^The [PRAGMA wal_checkpoint] command can be used to invoke this interface
10157 ** from SQL.
10158 */
10159 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2(
10160   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
10161   const char *zDb,                /* Name of attached database (or NULL) */
10162   int eMode,                      /* SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_* value */
10163   int *pnLog,                     /* OUT: Size of WAL log in frames */
10164   int *pnCkpt                     /* OUT: Total number of frames checkpointed */
10165 );
10166 
10167 /*
10168 ** CAPI3REF: Checkpoint Mode Values
10169 ** KEYWORDS: {checkpoint mode}
10170 **
10171 ** These constants define all valid values for the "checkpoint mode" passed
10172 ** as the third parameter to the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] interface.
10173 ** See the [sqlite3_wal_checkpoint_v2()] documentation for details on the
10174 ** meaning of each of these checkpoint modes.
10175 */
10176 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_NOOP    -1  /* Do no work at all */
10177 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_PASSIVE  0  /* Do as much as possible w/o blocking */
10178 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_FULL     1  /* Wait for writers, then checkpoint */
10179 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_RESTART  2  /* Like FULL but wait for readers */
10180 #define SQLITE_CHECKPOINT_TRUNCATE 3  /* Like RESTART but also truncate WAL */
10181 
10182 /*
10183 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Interface Configuration
10184 **
10185 ** This function may be called by either the [xConnect] or [xCreate] method
10186 ** of a [virtual table] implementation to configure
10187 ** various facets of the virtual table interface.
10188 **
10189 ** If this interface is invoked outside the context of an xConnect or
10190 ** xCreate virtual table method then the behavior is undefined.
10191 **
10192 ** In the call sqlite3_vtab_config(D,C,...) the D parameter is the
10193 ** [database connection] in which the virtual table is being created and
10194 ** which is passed in as the first argument to the [xConnect] or [xCreate]
10195 ** method that is invoking sqlite3_vtab_config().  The C parameter is one
10196 ** of the [virtual table configuration options].  The presence and meaning
10197 ** of parameters after C depend on which [virtual table configuration option]
10198 ** is used.
10199 */
10200 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_config(sqlite3*, int op, ...);
10201 
10202 /*
10203 ** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Configuration Options
10204 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration options}
10205 ** KEYWORDS: {virtual table configuration option}
10206 **
10207 ** These macros define the various options to the
10208 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config()] interface that [virtual table] implementations
10209 ** can use to customize and optimize their behavior.
10210 **
10211 ** <dl>
10212 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT]]
10213 ** <dt>SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT</dt>
10214 ** <dd>Calls of the form
10215 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT,X) are supported,
10216 ** where X is an integer.  If X is zero, then the [virtual table] whose
10217 ** [xCreate] or [xConnect] method invoked [sqlite3_vtab_config()] does not
10218 ** support constraints.  In this configuration (which is the default) if
10219 ** a call to the [xUpdate] method returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], then the entire
10220 ** statement is rolled back as if [ON CONFLICT | OR ABORT] had been
10221 ** specified as part of the user's SQL statement, regardless of the actual
10222 ** ON CONFLICT mode specified.
10223 **
10224 ** If X is non-zero, then the virtual table implementation guarantees
10225 ** that if [xUpdate] returns [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], it will do so before
10226 ** any modifications to internal or persistent data structures have been made.
10227 ** If the [ON CONFLICT] mode is ABORT, FAIL, IGNORE or ROLLBACK, SQLite
10228 ** is able to roll back a statement or database transaction, and abandon
10229 ** or continue processing the current SQL statement as appropriate.
10230 ** If the ON CONFLICT mode is REPLACE and the [xUpdate] method returns
10231 ** [SQLITE_CONSTRAINT], SQLite handles this as if the ON CONFLICT mode
10232 ** had been ABORT.
10233 **
10234 ** Virtual table implementations that are required to handle OR REPLACE
10235 ** must do so within the [xUpdate] method. If a call to the
10236 ** [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] function indicates that the current ON
10237 ** CONFLICT policy is REPLACE, the virtual table implementation should
10238 ** silently replace the appropriate rows within the xUpdate callback and
10239 ** return SQLITE_OK. Or, if this is not possible, it may return
10240 ** SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, in which case SQLite falls back to OR ABORT
10241 ** constraint handling.
10242 ** </dd>
10243 **
10244 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY</dt>
10245 ** <dd>Calls of the form
10246 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY) from within the
10247 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation
10248 ** prohibits that virtual table from being used from within triggers and
10249 ** views.
10250 ** </dd>
10251 **
10252 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS</dt>
10253 ** <dd>Calls of the form
10254 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS) from within the
10255 ** [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation
10256 ** identify that virtual table as being safe to use from within triggers
10257 ** and views.  Conceptually, the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS tag means that the
10258 ** virtual table can do no serious harm even if it is controlled by a
10259 ** malicious hacker.  Developers should avoid setting the SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS
10260 ** flag unless absolutely necessary.
10261 ** </dd>
10262 **
10263 ** [[SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS]]<dt>SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS</dt>
10264 ** <dd>Calls of the form
10265 ** [sqlite3_vtab_config](db,SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMA) from within the
10266 ** the [xConnect] or [xCreate] methods of a [virtual table] implementation
10267 ** instruct the query planner to begin at least a read transaction on
10268 ** all schemas ("main", "temp", and any ATTACH-ed databases) whenever the
10269 ** virtual table is used.
10270 ** </dd>
10271 ** </dl>
10272 */
10273 #define SQLITE_VTAB_CONSTRAINT_SUPPORT 1
10274 #define SQLITE_VTAB_INNOCUOUS          2
10275 #define SQLITE_VTAB_DIRECTONLY         3
10276 #define SQLITE_VTAB_USES_ALL_SCHEMAS   4
10277 
10278 /*
10279 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Virtual Table Conflict Policy
10280 **
10281 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xUpdate] method
10282 ** of a [virtual table] implementation for an INSERT or UPDATE operation. ^The
10283 ** value returned is one of [SQLITE_ROLLBACK], [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_FAIL],
10284 ** [SQLITE_ABORT], or [SQLITE_REPLACE], according to the [ON CONFLICT] mode
10285 ** of the SQL statement that triggered the call to the [xUpdate] method of the
10286 ** [virtual table].
10287 */
10288 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict(sqlite3 *);
10289 
10290 /*
10291 ** CAPI3REF: Determine If Virtual Table Column Access Is For UPDATE
10292 **
10293 ** If the sqlite3_vtab_nochange(X) routine is called within the [xColumn]
10294 ** method of a [virtual table], then it might return true if the
10295 ** column is being fetched as part of an UPDATE operation during which the
10296 ** column value will not change.  The virtual table implementation can use
10297 ** this hint as permission to substitute a return value that is less
10298 ** expensive to compute and that the corresponding
10299 ** [xUpdate] method understands as a "no-change" value.
10300 **
10301 ** If the [xColumn] method calls sqlite3_vtab_nochange() and finds that
10302 ** the column is not changed by the UPDATE statement, then the xColumn
10303 ** method can optionally return without setting a result, without calling
10304 ** any of the [sqlite3_result_int|sqlite3_result_xxxxx() interfaces].
10305 ** In that case, [sqlite3_value_nochange(X)] will return true for the
10306 ** same column in the [xUpdate] method.
10307 **
10308 ** The sqlite3_vtab_nochange() routine is an optimization.  Virtual table
10309 ** implementations should continue to give a correct answer even if the
10310 ** sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface were to always return false.  In the
10311 ** current implementation, the sqlite3_vtab_nochange() interface does always
10312 ** returns false for the enhanced [UPDATE FROM] statement.
10313 */
10314 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_nochange(sqlite3_context*);
10315 
10316 /*
10317 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Collation For a Virtual Table Constraint
10318 ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info
10319 **
10320 ** This function may only be called from within a call to the [xBestIndex]
10321 ** method of a [virtual table].  This function returns a pointer to a string
10322 ** that is the name of the appropriate collation sequence to use for text
10323 ** comparisons on the constraint identified by its arguments.
10324 **
10325 ** The first argument must be the pointer to the [sqlite3_index_info] object
10326 ** that is the first parameter to the xBestIndex() method. The second argument
10327 ** must be an index into the aConstraint[] array belonging to the
10328 ** sqlite3_index_info structure passed to xBestIndex.
10329 **
10330 ** Important:
10331 ** The first parameter must be the same pointer that is passed into the
10332 ** xBestMethod() method.  The first parameter may not be a pointer to a
10333 ** different [sqlite3_index_info] object, even an exact copy.
10334 **
10335 ** The return value is computed as follows:
10336 **
10337 ** <ol>
10338 ** <li><p> If the constraint comes from a WHERE clause expression that contains
10339 **         a [COLLATE operator], then the name of the collation specified by
10340 **         that COLLATE operator is returned.
10341 ** <li><p> If there is no COLLATE operator, but the column that is the subject
10342 **         of the constraint specifies an alternative collating sequence via
10343 **         a [COLLATE clause] on the column definition within the CREATE TABLE
10344 **         statement that was passed into [sqlite3_declare_vtab()], then the
10345 **         name of that alternative collating sequence is returned.
10346 ** <li><p> Otherwise, "BINARY" is returned.
10347 ** </ol>
10348 */
10349 SQLITE_API const char *sqlite3_vtab_collation(sqlite3_index_info*,int);
10350 
10351 /*
10352 ** CAPI3REF: Determine if a virtual table query is DISTINCT
10353 ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info
10354 **
10355 ** This API may only be used from within an [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method]
10356 ** of a [virtual table] implementation. The result of calling this
10357 ** interface from outside of xBestIndex() is undefined and probably harmful.
10358 **
10359 ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns an integer between 0 and
10360 ** 3.  The integer returned by sqlite3_vtab_distinct()
10361 ** gives the virtual table additional information about how the query
10362 ** planner wants the output to be ordered. As long as the virtual table
10363 ** can meet the ordering requirements of the query planner, it may set
10364 ** the "orderByConsumed" flag.
10365 **
10366 ** <ol><li value="0"><p>
10367 ** ^If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 0, that means
10368 ** that the query planner needs the virtual table to return all rows in the
10369 ** sort order defined by the "nOrderBy" and "aOrderBy" fields of the
10370 ** [sqlite3_index_info] object.  This is the default expectation.  If the
10371 ** virtual table outputs all rows in sorted order, then it is always safe for
10372 ** the xBestIndex method to set the "orderByConsumed" flag, regardless of
10373 ** the return value from sqlite3_vtab_distinct().
10374 ** <li value="1"><p>
10375 ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 1, that means
10376 ** that the query planner does not need the rows to be returned in sorted order
10377 ** as long as all rows with the same values in all columns identified by the
10378 ** "aOrderBy" field are adjacent.)^  This mode is used when the query planner
10379 ** is doing a GROUP BY.
10380 ** <li value="2"><p>
10381 ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 2, that means
10382 ** that the query planner does not need the rows returned in any particular
10383 ** order, as long as rows with the same values in all columns identified
10384 ** by "aOrderBy" are adjacent.)^  ^(Furthermore, when two or more rows
10385 ** contain the same values for all columns identified by "colUsed", all but
10386 ** one such row may optionally be omitted from the result.)^
10387 ** The virtual table is not required to omit rows that are duplicates
10388 ** over the "colUsed" columns, but if the virtual table can do that without
10389 ** too much extra effort, it could potentially help the query to run faster.
10390 ** This mode is used for a DISTINCT query.
10391 ** <li value="3"><p>
10392 ** ^(If the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface returns 3, that means the
10393 ** virtual table must return rows in the order defined by "aOrderBy" as
10394 ** if the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface had returned 0.  However if
10395 ** two or more rows in the result have the same values for all columns
10396 ** identified by "colUsed", then all but one such row may optionally be
10397 ** omitted.)^  Like when the return value is 2, the virtual table
10398 ** is not required to omit rows that are duplicates over the "colUsed"
10399 ** columns, but if the virtual table can do that without
10400 ** too much extra effort, it could potentially help the query to run faster.
10401 ** This mode is used for queries
10402 ** that have both DISTINCT and ORDER BY clauses.
10403 ** </ol>
10404 **
10405 ** <p>The following table summarizes the conditions under which the
10406 ** virtual table is allowed to set the "orderByConsumed" flag based on
10407 ** the value returned by sqlite3_vtab_distinct().  This table is a
10408 ** restatement of the previous four paragraphs:
10409 **
10410 ** <table border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=10 width="90%">
10411 ** <tr>
10412 ** <td valign="top">sqlite3_vtab_distinct() return value
10413 ** <td valign="top">Rows are returned in aOrderBy order
10414 ** <td valign="top">Rows with the same value in all aOrderBy columns are
10415 **                  adjacent
10416 ** <td valign="top">Duplicates over all colUsed columns may be omitted
10417 ** <tr><td>0<td>yes<td>yes<td>no
10418 ** <tr><td>1<td>no<td>yes<td>no
10419 ** <tr><td>2<td>no<td>yes<td>yes
10420 ** <tr><td>3<td>yes<td>yes<td>yes
10421 ** </table>
10422 **
10423 ** ^For the purposes of comparing virtual table output values to see if the
10424 ** values are the same value for sorting purposes, two NULL values are
10425 ** considered to be the same.  In other words, the comparison operator is "IS"
10426 ** (or "IS NOT DISTINCT FROM") and not "==".
10427 **
10428 ** If a virtual table implementation is unable to meet the requirements
10429 ** specified above, then it must not set the "orderByConsumed" flag in the
10430 ** [sqlite3_index_info] object or an incorrect answer may result.
10431 **
10432 ** ^A virtual table implementation is always free to return rows in any order
10433 ** it wants, as long as the "orderByConsumed" flag is not set.  ^When the
10434 ** "orderByConsumed" flag is unset, the query planner will add extra
10435 ** [bytecode] to ensure that the final results returned by the SQL query are
10436 ** ordered correctly.  The use of the "orderByConsumed" flag and the
10437 ** sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface is merely an optimization.  ^Careful
10438 ** use of the sqlite3_vtab_distinct() interface and the "orderByConsumed"
10439 ** flag might help queries against a virtual table to run faster.  Being
10440 ** overly aggressive and setting the "orderByConsumed" flag when it is not
10441 ** valid to do so, on the other hand, might cause SQLite to return incorrect
10442 ** results.
10443 */
10444 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_distinct(sqlite3_index_info*);
10445 
10446 /*
10447 ** CAPI3REF: Identify and handle IN constraints in xBestIndex
10448 **
10449 ** This interface may only be used from within an
10450 ** [xBestIndex|xBestIndex() method] of a [virtual table] implementation.
10451 ** The result of invoking this interface from any other context is
10452 ** undefined and probably harmful.
10453 **
10454 ** ^(A constraint on a virtual table of the form
10455 ** "[IN operator|column IN (...)]" is
10456 ** communicated to the xBestIndex method as a
10457 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ] constraint.)^  If xBestIndex wants to use
10458 ** this constraint, it must set the corresponding
10459 ** aConstraintUsage[].argvIndex to a positive integer.  ^(Then, under
10460 ** the usual mode of handling IN operators, SQLite generates [bytecode]
10461 ** that invokes the [xFilter|xFilter() method] once for each value
10462 ** on the right-hand side of the IN operator.)^  Thus the virtual table
10463 ** only sees a single value from the right-hand side of the IN operator
10464 ** at a time.
10465 **
10466 ** In some cases, however, it would be advantageous for the virtual
10467 ** table to see all values on the right-hand of the IN operator all at
10468 ** once.  The sqlite3_vtab_in() interfaces facilitates this in two ways:
10469 **
10470 ** <ol>
10471 ** <li><p>
10472 **   ^A call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,-1) will return true (non-zero)
10473 **   if and only if the [sqlite3_index_info|P->aConstraint][N] constraint
10474 **   is an [IN operator] that can be processed all at once.  ^In other words,
10475 **   sqlite3_vtab_in() with -1 in the third argument is a mechanism
10476 **   by which the virtual table can ask SQLite if all-at-once processing
10477 **   of the IN operator is even possible.
10478 **
10479 ** <li><p>
10480 **   ^A call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) with F==1 or F==0 indicates
10481 **   to SQLite that the virtual table does or does not want to process
10482 **   the IN operator all-at-once, respectively.  ^Thus when the third
10483 **   parameter (F) is non-negative, this interface is the mechanism by
10484 **   which the virtual table tells SQLite how it wants to process the
10485 **   IN operator.
10486 ** </ol>
10487 **
10488 ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) interface can be invoked multiple times
10489 ** within the same xBestIndex method call.  ^For any given P,N pair,
10490 ** the return value from sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) will always be the same
10491 ** within the same xBestIndex call.  ^If the interface returns true
10492 ** (non-zero), that means that the constraint is an IN operator
10493 ** that can be processed all-at-once.  ^If the constraint is not an IN
10494 ** operator or cannot be processed all-at-once, then the interface returns
10495 ** false.
10496 **
10497 ** ^(All-at-once processing of the IN operator is selected if both of the
10498 ** following conditions are met:
10499 **
10500 ** <ol>
10501 ** <li><p> The P->aConstraintUsage[N].argvIndex value is set to a positive
10502 ** integer.  This is how the virtual table tells SQLite that it wants to
10503 ** use the N-th constraint.
10504 **
10505 ** <li><p> The last call to sqlite3_vtab_in(P,N,F) for which F was
10506 ** non-negative had F>=1.
10507 ** </ol>)^
10508 **
10509 ** ^If either or both of the conditions above are false, then SQLite uses
10510 ** the traditional one-at-a-time processing strategy for the IN constraint.
10511 ** ^If both conditions are true, then the argvIndex-th parameter to the
10512 ** xFilter method will be an [sqlite3_value] that appears to be NULL,
10513 ** but which can be passed to [sqlite3_vtab_in_first()] and
10514 ** [sqlite3_vtab_in_next()] to find all values on the right-hand side
10515 ** of the IN constraint.
10516 */
10517 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_in(sqlite3_index_info*, int iCons, int bHandle);
10518 
10519 /*
10520 ** CAPI3REF: Find all elements on the right-hand side of an IN constraint.
10521 **
10522 ** These interfaces are only useful from within the
10523 ** [xFilter|xFilter() method] of a [virtual table] implementation.
10524 ** The result of invoking these interfaces from any other context
10525 ** is undefined and probably harmful.
10526 **
10527 ** The X parameter in a call to sqlite3_vtab_in_first(X,P) or
10528 ** sqlite3_vtab_in_next(X,P) should be one of the parameters to the
10529 ** xFilter method which invokes these routines, and specifically
10530 ** a parameter that was previously selected for all-at-once IN constraint
10531 ** processing using the [sqlite3_vtab_in()] interface in the
10532 ** [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method].  ^(If the X parameter is not
10533 ** an xFilter argument that was selected for all-at-once IN constraint
10534 ** processing, then these routines return [SQLITE_ERROR].)^
10535 **
10536 ** ^(Use these routines to access all values on the right-hand side
10537 ** of the IN constraint using code like the following:
10538 **
10539 ** <blockquote><pre>
10540 ** &nbsp;  for(rc=sqlite3_vtab_in_first(pList, &pVal);
10541 ** &nbsp;      rc==SQLITE_OK && pVal;
10542 ** &nbsp;      rc=sqlite3_vtab_in_next(pList, &pVal)
10543 ** &nbsp;  ){
10544 ** &nbsp;    // do something with pVal
10545 ** &nbsp;  }
10546 ** &nbsp;  if( rc!=SQLITE_DONE ){
10547 ** &nbsp;    // an error has occurred
10548 ** &nbsp;  }
10549 ** </pre></blockquote>)^
10550 **
10551 ** ^On success, the sqlite3_vtab_in_first(X,P) and sqlite3_vtab_in_next(X,P)
10552 ** routines return SQLITE_OK and set *P to point to the first or next value
10553 ** on the RHS of the IN constraint.  ^If there are no more values on the
10554 ** right hand side of the IN constraint, then *P is set to NULL and these
10555 ** routines return [SQLITE_DONE].  ^The return value might be
10556 ** some other value, such as SQLITE_NOMEM, in the event of a malfunction.
10557 **
10558 ** The *ppOut values returned by these routines are only valid until the
10559 ** next call to either of these routines or until the end of the xFilter
10560 ** method from which these routines were called.  If the virtual table
10561 ** implementation needs to retain the *ppOut values for longer, it must make
10562 ** copies.  The *ppOut values are [protected sqlite3_value|protected].
10563 */
10564 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_in_first(sqlite3_value *pVal, sqlite3_value **ppOut);
10565 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_in_next(sqlite3_value *pVal, sqlite3_value **ppOut);
10566 
10567 /*
10568 ** CAPI3REF: Constraint values in xBestIndex()
10569 ** METHOD: sqlite3_index_info
10570 **
10571 ** This API may only be used from within the [xBestIndex|xBestIndex method]
10572 ** of a [virtual table] implementation. The result of calling this interface
10573 ** from outside of an xBestIndex method are undefined and probably harmful.
10574 **
10575 ** ^When the sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) interface is invoked from within
10576 ** the [xBestIndex] method of a [virtual table] implementation, with P being
10577 ** a copy of the [sqlite3_index_info] object pointer passed into xBestIndex and
10578 ** J being a 0-based index into P->aConstraint[], then this routine
10579 ** attempts to set *V to the value of the right-hand operand of
10580 ** that constraint if the right-hand operand is known.  ^If the
10581 ** right-hand operand is not known, then *V is set to a NULL pointer.
10582 ** ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V) interface returns SQLITE_OK if
10583 ** and only if *V is set to a value.  ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(P,J,V)
10584 ** inteface returns SQLITE_NOTFOUND if the right-hand side of the J-th
10585 ** constraint is not available.  ^The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() interface
10586 ** can return a result code other than SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_NOTFOUND if
10587 ** something goes wrong.
10588 **
10589 ** The sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() interface is usually only successful if
10590 ** the right-hand operand of a constraint is a literal value in the original
10591 ** SQL statement.  If the right-hand operand is an expression or a reference
10592 ** to some other column or a [host parameter], then sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value()
10593 ** will probably return [SQLITE_NOTFOUND].
10594 **
10595 ** ^(Some constraints, such as [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNULL] and
10596 ** [SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_ISNOTNULL], have no right-hand operand.  For such
10597 ** constraints, sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() always returns SQLITE_NOTFOUND.)^
10598 **
10599 ** ^The [sqlite3_value] object returned in *V is a protected sqlite3_value
10600 ** and remains valid for the duration of the xBestIndex method call.
10601 ** ^When xBestIndex returns, the sqlite3_value object returned by
10602 ** sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value() is automatically deallocated.
10603 **
10604 ** The "_rhs_" in the name of this routine is an abbreviation for
10605 ** "Right-Hand Side".
10606 */
10607 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_vtab_rhs_value(sqlite3_index_info*, int, sqlite3_value **ppVal);
10608 
10609 /*
10610 ** CAPI3REF: Conflict resolution modes
10611 ** KEYWORDS: {conflict resolution mode}
10612 **
10613 ** These constants are returned by [sqlite3_vtab_on_conflict()] to
10614 ** inform a [virtual table] implementation of the [ON CONFLICT] mode
10615 ** for the SQL statement being evaluated.
10616 **
10617 ** Note that the [SQLITE_IGNORE] constant is also used as a potential
10618 ** return value from the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] callback and that
10619 ** [SQLITE_ABORT] is also a [result code].
10620 */
10621 #define SQLITE_ROLLBACK 1
10622 /* #define SQLITE_IGNORE 2 // Also used by sqlite3_authorizer() callback */
10623 #define SQLITE_FAIL     3
10624 /* #define SQLITE_ABORT 4  // Also an error code */
10625 #define SQLITE_REPLACE  5
10626 
10627 /*
10628 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status Opcodes
10629 ** KEYWORDS: {scanstatus options}
10630 **
10631 ** The following constants can be used for the T parameter to the
10632 ** [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(S,X,T,V)] interface.  Each constant designates a
10633 ** different metric for sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() to return.
10634 **
10635 ** When the value returned to V is a string, space to hold that string is
10636 ** managed by the prepared statement S and will be automatically freed when
10637 ** S is finalized.
10638 **
10639 ** Not all values are available for all query elements. When a value is
10640 ** not available, the output variable is set to -1 if the value is numeric,
10641 ** or to NULL if it is a string (SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME).
10642 **
10643 ** <dl>
10644 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP</dt>
10645 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be
10646 ** set to the total number of times that the X-th loop has run.</dd>
10647 **
10648 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT</dt>
10649 ** <dd>^The [sqlite3_int64] variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
10650 ** to the total number of rows examined by all iterations of the X-th loop.</dd>
10651 **
10652 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST</dt>
10653 ** <dd>^The "double" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
10654 ** query planner's estimate for the average number of rows output from each
10655 ** iteration of the X-th loop.  If the query planner's estimate was accurate,
10656 ** then this value will approximate the quotient NVISIT/NLOOP and the
10657 ** product of this value for all prior loops with the same SELECTID will
10658 ** be the NLOOP value for the current loop.</dd>
10659 **
10660 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME</dt>
10661 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
10662 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the name of the index or table
10663 ** used for the X-th loop.</dd>
10664 **
10665 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN</dt>
10666 ** <dd>^The "const char *" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set
10667 ** to a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]
10668 ** description for the X-th loop.</dd>
10669 **
10670 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID</dt>
10671 ** <dd>^The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
10672 ** id for the X-th query plan element. The id value is unique within the
10673 ** statement. The select-id is the same value as is output in the first
10674 ** column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.</dd>
10675 **
10676 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID</dt>
10677 ** <dd>The "int" variable pointed to by the V parameter will be set to the
10678 ** id of the parent of the current query element, if applicable, or
10679 ** to zero if the query element has no parent. This is the same value as
10680 ** returned in the second column of an [EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN] query.</dd>
10681 **
10682 ** [[SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE]] <dt>SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE</dt>
10683 ** <dd>The sqlite3_int64 output value is set to the number of cycles,
10684 ** according to the processor time-stamp counter, that elapsed while the
10685 ** query element was being processed. This value is not available for
10686 ** all query elements - if it is unavailable the output variable is
10687 ** set to -1.</dd>
10688 ** </dl>
10689 */
10690 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NLOOP    0
10691 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NVISIT   1
10692 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EST      2
10693 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NAME     3
10694 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_EXPLAIN  4
10695 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_SELECTID 5
10696 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_PARENTID 6
10697 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_NCYCLE   7
10698 
10699 /*
10700 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
10701 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
10702 **
10703 ** These interfaces return information about the predicted and measured
10704 ** performance for pStmt.  Advanced applications can use this
10705 ** interface to compare the predicted and the measured performance and
10706 ** issue warnings and/or rerun [ANALYZE] if discrepancies are found.
10707 **
10708 ** Since this interface is expected to be rarely used, it is only
10709 ** available if SQLite is compiled using the [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS]
10710 ** compile-time option.
10711 **
10712 ** The "iScanStatusOp" parameter determines which status information to return.
10713 ** The "iScanStatusOp" must be one of the [scanstatus options] or the behavior
10714 ** of this interface is undefined. ^The requested measurement is written into
10715 ** a variable pointed to by the "pOut" parameter.
10716 **
10717 ** The "flags" parameter must be passed a mask of flags. At present only
10718 ** one flag is defined - [SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX]. If SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX
10719 ** is specified, then status information is available for all elements
10720 ** of a query plan that are reported by "[EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN]" output. If
10721 ** SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX is not specified, then only query plan elements
10722 ** that correspond to query loops (the "SCAN..." and "SEARCH..." elements of
10723 ** the EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN output) are available. Invoking API
10724 ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus() is equivalent to calling
10725 ** sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2() with a zeroed flags parameter.
10726 **
10727 ** Parameter "idx" identifies the specific query element to retrieve statistics
10728 ** for. Query elements are numbered starting from zero. A value of -1 may
10729 ** retrieve statistics for the entire query. ^If idx is out of range
10730 ** - less than -1 or greater than or equal to the total number of query
10731 ** elements used to implement the statement - a non-zero value is returned and
10732 ** the variable that pOut points to is unchanged.
10733 **
10734 ** See also: [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset()] and the
10735 ** [nexec and ncycle] columns of the [bytecode virtual table].
10736 */
10737 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus(
10738   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
10739   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
10740   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
10741   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
10742 );
10743 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_v2(
10744   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,      /* Prepared statement for which info desired */
10745   int idx,                  /* Index of loop to report on */
10746   int iScanStatusOp,        /* Information desired.  SQLITE_SCANSTAT_* */
10747   int flags,                /* Mask of flags defined below */
10748   void *pOut                /* Result written here */
10749 );
10750 
10751 /*
10752 ** CAPI3REF: Prepared Statement Scan Status
10753 ** KEYWORDS: {scan status flags}
10754 */
10755 #define SQLITE_SCANSTAT_COMPLEX 0x0001
10756 
10757 /*
10758 ** CAPI3REF: Zero Scan-Status Counters
10759 ** METHOD: sqlite3_stmt
10760 **
10761 ** ^Zero all [sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus()] related event counters.
10762 **
10763 ** This API is only available if the library is built with pre-processor
10764 ** symbol [SQLITE_ENABLE_STMT_SCANSTATUS] defined.
10765 */
10766 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_stmt_scanstatus_reset(sqlite3_stmt*);
10767 
10768 /*
10769 ** CAPI3REF: Flush caches to disk mid-transaction
10770 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10771 **
10772 ** ^If a write-transaction is open on [database connection] D when the
10773 ** [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)] interface is invoked, any dirty
10774 ** pages in the pager-cache that are not currently in use are written out
10775 ** to disk. A dirty page may be in use if a database cursor created by an
10776 ** active SQL statement is reading from it, or if it is page 1 of a database
10777 ** file (page 1 is always "in use").  ^The [sqlite3_db_cacheflush(D)]
10778 ** interface flushes caches for all schemas - "main", "temp", and
10779 ** any [attached] databases.
10780 **
10781 ** ^If this function needs to obtain extra database locks before dirty pages
10782 ** can be flushed to disk, it does so. ^If those locks cannot be obtained
10783 ** immediately and there is a busy-handler callback configured, it is invoked
10784 ** in the usual manner. ^If the required lock still cannot be obtained, then
10785 ** the database is skipped and an attempt made to flush any dirty pages
10786 ** belonging to the next (if any) database. ^If any databases are skipped
10787 ** because locks cannot be obtained, but no other error occurs, this
10788 ** function returns SQLITE_BUSY.
10789 **
10790 ** ^If any other error occurs while flushing dirty pages to disk (for
10791 ** example an IO error or out-of-memory condition), then processing is
10792 ** abandoned and an SQLite [error code] is returned to the caller immediately.
10793 **
10794 ** ^Otherwise, if no error occurs, [sqlite3_db_cacheflush()] returns SQLITE_OK.
10795 **
10796 ** ^This function does not set the database handle error code or message
10797 ** returned by the [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] functions.
10798 */
10799 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_db_cacheflush(sqlite3*);
10800 
10801 /*
10802 ** CAPI3REF: The pre-update hook.
10803 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10804 **
10805 ** ^These interfaces are only available if SQLite is compiled using the
10806 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK] compile-time option.
10807 **
10808 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] interface registers a callback function
10809 ** that is invoked prior to each [INSERT], [UPDATE], and [DELETE] operation
10810 ** on a database table.
10811 ** ^At most one preupdate hook may be registered at a time on a single
10812 ** [database connection]; each call to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] overrides
10813 ** the previous setting.
10814 ** ^The preupdate hook is disabled by invoking [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()]
10815 ** with a NULL pointer as the second parameter.
10816 ** ^The third parameter to [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] is passed through as
10817 ** the first parameter to callbacks.
10818 **
10819 ** ^The preupdate hook only fires for changes to real database tables; the
10820 ** preupdate hook is not invoked for changes to [virtual tables] or to
10821 ** system tables like sqlite_sequence or sqlite_stat1.
10822 **
10823 ** ^The second parameter to the preupdate callback is a pointer to
10824 ** the [database connection] that registered the preupdate hook.
10825 ** ^The third parameter to the preupdate callback is one of the constants
10826 ** [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE], or [SQLITE_UPDATE] to identify the
10827 ** kind of update operation that is about to occur.
10828 ** ^(The fourth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
10829 ** database within the database connection that is being modified.  This
10830 ** will be "main" for the main database or "temp" for TEMP tables or
10831 ** the name given after the AS keyword in the [ATTACH] statement for attached
10832 ** databases.)^
10833 ** ^The fifth parameter to the preupdate callback is the name of the
10834 ** table that is being modified.
10835 **
10836 ** For an UPDATE or DELETE operation on a [rowid table], the sixth
10837 ** parameter passed to the preupdate callback is the initial [rowid] of the
10838 ** row being modified or deleted. For an INSERT operation on a rowid table,
10839 ** or any operation on a WITHOUT ROWID table, the value of the sixth
10840 ** parameter is undefined. For an INSERT or UPDATE on a rowid table the
10841 ** seventh parameter is the final rowid value of the row being inserted
10842 ** or updated. The value of the seventh parameter passed to the callback
10843 ** function is not defined for operations on WITHOUT ROWID tables, or for
10844 ** DELETE operations on rowid tables.
10845 **
10846 ** ^The sqlite3_preupdate_hook(D,C,P) function returns the P argument from
10847 ** the previous call on the same [database connection] D, or NULL for
10848 ** the first call on D.
10849 **
10850 ** The [sqlite3_preupdate_old()], [sqlite3_preupdate_new()],
10851 ** [sqlite3_preupdate_count()], and [sqlite3_preupdate_depth()] interfaces
10852 ** provide additional information about a preupdate event. These routines
10853 ** may only be called from within a preupdate callback.  Invoking any of
10854 ** these routines from outside of a preupdate callback or with a
10855 ** [database connection] pointer that is different from the one supplied
10856 ** to the preupdate callback results in undefined and probably undesirable
10857 ** behavior.
10858 **
10859 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_count(D)] interface returns the number of columns
10860 ** in the row that is being inserted, updated, or deleted.
10861 **
10862 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_old(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
10863 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
10864 ** the table row before it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
10865 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
10866 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_UPDATE and SQLITE_DELETE
10867 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_INSERT callback then the
10868 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
10869 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
10870 **
10871 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_new(D,N,P)] interface writes into P a pointer to
10872 ** a [protected sqlite3_value] that contains the value of the Nth column of
10873 ** the table row after it is updated.  The N parameter must be between 0
10874 ** and one less than the number of columns or the behavior will be
10875 ** undefined. This must only be used within SQLITE_INSERT and SQLITE_UPDATE
10876 ** preupdate callbacks; if it is used by an SQLITE_DELETE callback then the
10877 ** behavior is undefined.  The [sqlite3_value] that P points to
10878 ** will be destroyed when the preupdate callback returns.
10879 **
10880 ** ^The [sqlite3_preupdate_depth(D)] interface returns 0 if the preupdate
10881 ** callback was invoked as a result of a direct insert, update, or delete
10882 ** operation; or 1 for inserts, updates, or deletes invoked by top-level
10883 ** triggers; or 2 for changes resulting from triggers called by top-level
10884 ** triggers; and so forth.
10885 **
10886 ** When the [sqlite3_blob_write()] API is used to update a blob column,
10887 ** the pre-update hook is invoked with SQLITE_DELETE, because
10888 ** the new values are not yet available. In this case, when a
10889 ** callback made with op==SQLITE_DELETE is actually a write using the
10890 ** sqlite3_blob_write() API, the [sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite()] returns
10891 ** the index of the column being written. In other cases, where the
10892 ** pre-update hook is being invoked for some other reason, including a
10893 ** regular DELETE, sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite() returns -1.
10894 **
10895 ** See also:  [sqlite3_update_hook()]
10896 */
10897 #if defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_PREUPDATE_HOOK)
10898 SQLITE_API void *sqlite3_preupdate_hook(
10899   sqlite3 *db,
10900   void(*xPreUpdate)(
10901     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to preupdate_hook() */
10902     sqlite3 *db,                  /* Database handle */
10903     int op,                       /* SQLITE_UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT */
10904     char const *zDb,              /* Database name */
10905     char const *zName,            /* Table name */
10906     sqlite3_int64 iKey1,          /* Rowid of row about to be deleted/updated */
10907     sqlite3_int64 iKey2           /* New rowid value (for a rowid UPDATE) */
10908   ),
10909   void*
10910 );
10911 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_old(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
10912 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_count(sqlite3 *);
10913 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_depth(sqlite3 *);
10914 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_new(sqlite3 *, int, sqlite3_value **);
10915 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_preupdate_blobwrite(sqlite3 *);
10916 #endif
10917 
10918 /*
10919 ** CAPI3REF: Low-level system error code
10920 ** METHOD: sqlite3
10921 **
10922 ** ^Attempt to return the underlying operating system error code or error
10923 ** number that caused the most recent I/O error or failure to open a file.
10924 ** The return value is OS-dependent.  For example, on unix systems, after
10925 ** [sqlite3_open_v2()] returns [SQLITE_CANTOPEN], this interface could be
10926 ** called to get back the underlying "errno" that caused the problem, such
10927 ** as ENOSPC, EAUTH, EISDIR, and so forth.
10928 */
10929 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_system_errno(sqlite3*);
10930 
10931 /*
10932 ** CAPI3REF: Database Snapshot
10933 ** KEYWORDS: {snapshot} {sqlite3_snapshot}
10934 **
10935 ** An instance of the snapshot object records the state of a [WAL mode]
10936 ** database for some specific point in history.
10937 **
10938 ** In [WAL mode], multiple [database connections] that are open on the
10939 ** same database file can each be reading a different historical version
10940 ** of the database file.  When a [database connection] begins a read
10941 ** transaction, that connection sees an unchanging copy of the database
10942 ** as it existed for the point in time when the transaction first started.
10943 ** Subsequent changes to the database from other connections are not seen
10944 ** by the reader until a new read transaction is started.
10945 **
10946 ** The sqlite3_snapshot object records state information about an historical
10947 ** version of the database file so that it is possible to later open a new read
10948 ** transaction that sees that historical version of the database rather than
10949 ** the most recent version.
10950 */
10951 typedef struct sqlite3_snapshot {
10952   unsigned char hidden[48];
10953 } sqlite3_snapshot;
10954 
10955 /*
10956 ** CAPI3REF: Record A Database Snapshot
10957 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
10958 **
10959 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface attempts to make a
10960 ** new [sqlite3_snapshot] object that records the current state of
10961 ** schema S in database connection D.  ^On success, the
10962 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get(D,S,P)] interface writes a pointer to the newly
10963 ** created [sqlite3_snapshot] object into *P and returns SQLITE_OK.
10964 ** If there is not already a read-transaction open on schema S when
10965 ** this function is called, one is opened automatically.
10966 **
10967 ** If a read-transaction is opened by this function, then it is guaranteed
10968 ** that the returned snapshot object may not be invalidated by a database
10969 ** writer or checkpointer until after the read-transaction is closed. This
10970 ** is not guaranteed if a read-transaction is already open when this
10971 ** function is called. In that case, any subsequent write or checkpoint
10972 ** operation on the database may invalidate the returned snapshot handle,
10973 ** even while the read-transaction remains open.
10974 **
10975 ** The following must be true for this function to succeed. If any of
10976 ** the following statements are false when sqlite3_snapshot_get() is
10977 ** called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned. The final value of *P is undefined
10978 ** in this case.
10979 **
10980 ** <ul>
10981 **   <li> The database handle must not be in [autocommit mode].
10982 **
10983 **   <li> Schema S of [database connection] D must be a [WAL mode] database.
10984 **
10985 **   <li> There must not be a write transaction open on schema S of database
10986 **        connection D.
10987 **
10988 **   <li> One or more transactions must have been written to the current wal
10989 **        file since it was created on disk (by any connection). This means
10990 **        that a snapshot cannot be taken on a wal mode database with no wal
10991 **        file immediately after it is first opened. At least one transaction
10992 **        must be written to it first.
10993 ** </ul>
10994 **
10995 ** This function may also return SQLITE_NOMEM.  If it is called with the
10996 ** database handle in autocommit mode but fails for some other reason,
10997 ** whether or not a read transaction is opened on schema S is undefined.
10998 **
10999 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot] object returned from a successful call to
11000 ** [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] must be freed using [sqlite3_snapshot_free()]
11001 ** to avoid a memory leak.
11002 **
11003 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_get()] interface is only available when the
11004 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
11005 */
11006 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_snapshot_get(
11007   sqlite3 *db,
11008   const char *zSchema,
11009   sqlite3_snapshot **ppSnapshot
11010 );
11011 
11012 /*
11013 ** CAPI3REF: Start a read transaction on an historical snapshot
11014 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
11015 **
11016 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] interface either starts a new read
11017 ** transaction or upgrades an existing one for schema S of
11018 ** [database connection] D such that the read transaction refers to
11019 ** historical [snapshot] P, rather than the most recent change to the
11020 ** database. ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface returns SQLITE_OK
11021 ** on success or an appropriate [error code] if it fails.
11022 **
11023 ** ^In order to succeed, the database connection must not be in
11024 ** [autocommit mode] when [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] is called. If there
11025 ** is already a read transaction open on schema S, then the database handle
11026 ** must have no active statements (SELECT statements that have been passed
11027 ** to sqlite3_step() but not sqlite3_reset() or sqlite3_finalize()).
11028 ** SQLITE_ERROR is returned if either of these conditions is violated, or
11029 ** if schema S does not exist, or if the snapshot object is invalid.
11030 **
11031 ** ^A call to sqlite3_snapshot_open() will fail to open if the specified
11032 ** snapshot has been overwritten by a [checkpoint]. In this case
11033 ** SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT is returned.
11034 **
11035 ** If there is already a read transaction open when this function is
11036 ** invoked, then the same read transaction remains open (on the same
11037 ** database snapshot) if SQLITE_ERROR, SQLITE_BUSY or SQLITE_ERROR_SNAPSHOT
11038 ** is returned. If another error code - for example SQLITE_PROTOCOL or an
11039 ** SQLITE_IOERR error code - is returned, then the final state of the
11040 ** read transaction is undefined. If SQLITE_OK is returned, then the
11041 ** read transaction is now open on database snapshot P.
11042 **
11043 ** ^(A call to [sqlite3_snapshot_open(D,S,P)] will fail if the
11044 ** database connection D does not know that the database file for
11045 ** schema S is in [WAL mode].  A database connection might not know
11046 ** that the database file is in [WAL mode] if there has been no prior
11047 ** I/O on that database connection, or if the database entered [WAL mode]
11048 ** after the most recent I/O on the database connection.)^
11049 ** (Hint: Run "[PRAGMA application_id]" against a newly opened
11050 ** database connection in order to make it ready to use snapshots.)
11051 **
11052 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface is only available when the
11053 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
11054 */
11055 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_snapshot_open(
11056   sqlite3 *db,
11057   const char *zSchema,
11058   sqlite3_snapshot *pSnapshot
11059 );
11060 
11061 /*
11062 ** CAPI3REF: Destroy a snapshot
11063 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_snapshot
11064 **
11065 ** ^The [sqlite3_snapshot_free(P)] interface destroys [sqlite3_snapshot] P.
11066 ** The application must eventually free every [sqlite3_snapshot] object
11067 ** using this routine to avoid a memory leak.
11068 **
11069 ** The [sqlite3_snapshot_free()] interface is only available when the
11070 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] compile-time option is used.
11071 */
11072 SQLITE_API void sqlite3_snapshot_free(sqlite3_snapshot*);
11073 
11074 /*
11075 ** CAPI3REF: Compare the ages of two snapshot handles.
11076 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
11077 **
11078 ** The sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(P1, P2) interface is used to compare the ages
11079 ** of two valid snapshot handles.
11080 **
11081 ** If the two snapshot handles are not associated with the same database
11082 ** file, the result of the comparison is undefined.
11083 **
11084 ** Additionally, the result of the comparison is only valid if both of the
11085 ** snapshot handles were obtained by calling sqlite3_snapshot_get() since the
11086 ** last time the wal file was deleted. The wal file is deleted when the
11087 ** database is changed back to rollback mode or when the number of database
11088 ** clients drops to zero. If either snapshot handle was obtained before the
11089 ** wal file was last deleted, the value returned by this function
11090 ** is undefined.
11091 **
11092 ** Otherwise, this API returns a negative value if P1 refers to an older
11093 ** snapshot than P2, zero if the two handles refer to the same database
11094 ** snapshot, and a positive value if P1 is a newer snapshot than P2.
11095 **
11096 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
11097 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
11098 */
11099 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_snapshot_cmp(
11100   sqlite3_snapshot *p1,
11101   sqlite3_snapshot *p2
11102 );
11103 
11104 /*
11105 ** CAPI3REF: Recover snapshots from a wal file
11106 ** METHOD: sqlite3_snapshot
11107 **
11108 ** If a [WAL file] remains on disk after all database connections close
11109 ** (either through the use of the [SQLITE_FCNTL_PERSIST_WAL] [file control]
11110 ** or because the last process to have the database opened exited without
11111 ** calling [sqlite3_close()]) and a new connection is subsequently opened
11112 ** on that database and [WAL file], the [sqlite3_snapshot_open()] interface
11113 ** will only be able to open the last transaction added to the WAL file
11114 ** even though the WAL file contains other valid transactions.
11115 **
11116 ** This function attempts to scan the WAL file associated with database zDb
11117 ** of database handle db and make all valid snapshots available to
11118 ** sqlite3_snapshot_open(). It is an error if there is already a read
11119 ** transaction open on the database, or if the database is not a WAL mode
11120 ** database.
11121 **
11122 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an SQLite error code otherwise.
11123 **
11124 ** This interface is only available if SQLite is compiled with the
11125 ** [SQLITE_ENABLE_SNAPSHOT] option.
11126 */
11127 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_snapshot_recover(sqlite3 *db, const char *zDb);
11128 
11129 /*
11130 ** CAPI3REF: Serialize a database
11131 **
11132 ** The sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) interface returns a pointer to
11133 ** memory that is a serialization of the S database on
11134 ** [database connection] D.  If S is a NULL pointer, the main database is used.
11135 ** If P is not a NULL pointer, then the size of the database in bytes
11136 ** is written into *P.
11137 **
11138 ** For an ordinary on-disk database file, the serialization is just a
11139 ** copy of the disk file.  For an in-memory database or a "TEMP" database,
11140 ** the serialization is the same sequence of bytes which would be written
11141 ** to disk if that database were backed up to disk.
11142 **
11143 ** The usual case is that sqlite3_serialize() copies the serialization of
11144 ** the database into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()] and returns
11145 ** a pointer to that memory.  The caller is responsible for freeing the
11146 ** returned value to avoid a memory leak.  However, if the F argument
11147 ** contains the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit, then no memory allocations
11148 ** are made, and the sqlite3_serialize() function will return a pointer
11149 ** to the contiguous memory representation of the database that SQLite
11150 ** is currently using for that database, or NULL if no such contiguous
11151 ** memory representation of the database exists.  A contiguous memory
11152 ** representation of the database will usually only exist if there has
11153 ** been a prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,...)] with the same
11154 ** values of D and S.
11155 ** The size of the database is written into *P even if the
11156 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is set but no contiguous copy
11157 ** of the database exists.
11158 **
11159 ** After the call, if the SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit had been set,
11160 ** the returned buffer content will remain accessible and unchanged
11161 ** until either the next write operation on the connection or when
11162 ** the connection is closed, and applications must not modify the
11163 ** buffer. If the bit had been clear, the returned buffer will not
11164 ** be accessed by SQLite after the call.
11165 **
11166 ** A call to sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F) might return NULL even if the
11167 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY bit is omitted from argument F if a memory
11168 ** allocation error occurs.
11169 **
11170 ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
11171 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
11172 */
11173 SQLITE_API unsigned char *sqlite3_serialize(
11174   sqlite3 *db,           /* The database connection */
11175   const char *zSchema,   /* Which DB to serialize. ex: "main", "temp", ... */
11176   sqlite3_int64 *piSize, /* Write size of the DB here, if not NULL */
11177   unsigned int mFlags    /* Zero or more SQLITE_SERIALIZE_* flags */
11178 );
11179 
11180 /*
11181 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_serialize
11182 **
11183 ** Zero or more of the following constants can be OR-ed together for
11184 ** the F argument to [sqlite3_serialize(D,S,P,F)].
11185 **
11186 ** SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY means that [sqlite3_serialize()] will return
11187 ** a pointer to contiguous in-memory database that it is currently using,
11188 ** without making a copy of the database.  If SQLite is not currently using
11189 ** a contiguous in-memory database, then this option causes
11190 ** [sqlite3_serialize()] to return a NULL pointer.  SQLite will only be
11191 ** using a contiguous in-memory database if it has been initialized by a
11192 ** prior call to [sqlite3_deserialize()].
11193 */
11194 #define SQLITE_SERIALIZE_NOCOPY 0x001   /* Do no memory allocations */
11195 
11196 /*
11197 ** CAPI3REF: Deserialize a database
11198 **
11199 ** The sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) interface causes the
11200 ** [database connection] D to disconnect from database S and then
11201 ** reopen S as an in-memory database based on the serialization
11202 ** contained in P.  If S is a NULL pointer, the main database is
11203 ** used. The serialized database P is N bytes in size.  M is the size
11204 ** of the buffer P, which might be larger than N.  If M is larger than
11205 ** N, and the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY bit is not set in F, then
11206 ** SQLite is permitted to add content to the in-memory database as
11207 ** long as the total size does not exceed M bytes.
11208 **
11209 ** If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in F, then SQLite will
11210 ** invoke sqlite3_free() on the serialization buffer when the database
11211 ** connection closes.  If the SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE bit is set, then
11212 ** SQLite will try to increase the buffer size using sqlite3_realloc64()
11213 ** if writes on the database cause it to grow larger than M bytes.
11214 **
11215 ** Applications must not modify the buffer P or invalidate it before
11216 ** the database connection D is closed.
11217 **
11218 ** The sqlite3_deserialize() interface will fail with SQLITE_BUSY if the
11219 ** database is currently in a read transaction or is involved in a backup
11220 ** operation.
11221 **
11222 ** It is not possible to deserialize into the TEMP database.  If the
11223 ** S argument to sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) is "temp" then the
11224 ** function returns SQLITE_ERROR.
11225 **
11226 ** The deserialized database should not be in [WAL mode].  If the database
11227 ** is in WAL mode, then any attempt to use the database file will result
11228 ** in an [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] error.  The application can set the
11229 ** [file format version numbers] (bytes 18 and 19) of the input database P
11230 ** to 0x01 prior to invoking sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) to force the
11231 ** database file into rollback mode and work around this limitation.
11232 **
11233 ** If sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F) fails for any reason and if the
11234 ** SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE bit is set in argument F, then
11235 ** [sqlite3_free()] is invoked on argument P prior to returning.
11236 **
11237 ** This interface is omitted if SQLite is compiled with the
11238 ** [SQLITE_OMIT_DESERIALIZE] option.
11239 */
11240 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_deserialize(
11241   sqlite3 *db,            /* The database connection */
11242   const char *zSchema,    /* Which DB to reopen with the deserialization */
11243   unsigned char *pData,   /* The serialized database content */
11244   sqlite3_int64 szDb,     /* Number of bytes in the deserialization */
11245   sqlite3_int64 szBuf,    /* Total size of buffer pData[] */
11246   unsigned mFlags         /* Zero or more SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_* flags */
11247 );
11248 
11249 /*
11250 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3_deserialize()
11251 **
11252 ** The following are allowed values for the 6th argument (the F argument) to
11253 ** the [sqlite3_deserialize(D,S,P,N,M,F)] interface.
11254 **
11255 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE means that the database serialization
11256 ** in the P argument is held in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc64()]
11257 ** and that SQLite should take ownership of this memory and automatically
11258 ** free it when it has finished using it.  Without this flag, the caller
11259 ** is responsible for freeing any dynamically allocated memory.
11260 **
11261 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE flag means that SQLite is allowed to
11262 ** grow the size of the database using calls to [sqlite3_realloc64()].  This
11263 ** flag should only be used if SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE is also used.
11264 ** Without this flag, the deserialized database cannot increase in size beyond
11265 ** the number of bytes specified by the M parameter.
11266 **
11267 ** The SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY flag means that the deserialized database
11268 ** should be treated as read-only.
11269 */
11270 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_FREEONCLOSE 1 /* Call sqlite3_free() on close */
11271 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_RESIZEABLE  2 /* Resize using sqlite3_realloc64() */
11272 #define SQLITE_DESERIALIZE_READONLY    4 /* Database is read-only */
11273 
11274 /*
11275 ** CAPI3REF: Bind array values to the CARRAY table-valued function
11276 **
11277 ** The sqlite3_carray_bind_v2(S,I,P,N,F,X,D) interface binds an array value to
11278 ** parameter that is the first argument of the [carray() table-valued function].
11279 ** The S parameter is a pointer to the [prepared statement] that uses the
11280 ** carray() functions.  I is the parameter index to be bound.  I must be the
11281 ** index of the parameter that is the first argument to the carray()
11282 ** table-valued function. P is a pointer to the array to be bound, and N
11283 ** is the number of elements in the array.  The F argument is one of
11284 ** constants [SQLITE_CARRAY_INT32], [SQLITE_CARRAY_INT64],
11285 ** [SQLITE_CARRAY_DOUBLE], [SQLITE_CARRAY_TEXT],
11286 ** or [SQLITE_CARRAY_BLOB] to indicate the datatype of the array P.
11287 **
11288 ** If the X argument is not a NULL pointer or one of the special
11289 ** values [SQLITE_STATIC] or [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then SQLite will invoke
11290 ** the function X with argument D when it is finished using the data in P.
11291 ** The call to X(D) is a destructor for the array P. The destructor X(D)
11292 ** is invoked even if the call to sqlite3_carray_bind_v2() fails. If the X
11293 ** parameter is the special-case value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes
11294 ** that the data static and the destructor is never invoked.  If the X
11295 ** parameter is the special-case value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
11296 ** sqlite3_carray_bind_v2() makes its own private copy of the data prior
11297 ** to returning and never invokes the destructor X.
11298 **
11299 ** The sqlite3_carray_bind() function works the same as sqlite3_carray_bind_v2()
11300 ** with a D parameter set to P.  In other words,
11301 ** sqlite3_carray_bind(S,I,P,N,F,X) is same as
11302 ** sqlite3_carray_bind_v2(S,I,P,N,F,X,P).
11303 */
11304 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_carray_bind_v2(
11305   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,        /* Statement to be bound */
11306   int i,                      /* Parameter index */
11307   void *aData,                /* Pointer to array data */
11308   int nData,                  /* Number of data elements */
11309   int mFlags,                 /* CARRAY flags */
11310   void (*xDel)(void*),        /* Destructor for aData */
11311   void *pDel                  /* Optional argument to xDel() */
11312 );
11313 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_carray_bind(
11314   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt,        /* Statement to be bound */
11315   int i,                      /* Parameter index */
11316   void *aData,                /* Pointer to array data */
11317   int nData,                  /* Number of data elements */
11318   int mFlags,                 /* CARRAY flags */
11319   void (*xDel)(void*)         /* Destructor for aData */
11320 );
11321 
11322 /*
11323 ** CAPI3REF: Datatypes for the CARRAY table-valued function
11324 **
11325 ** The fifth argument to the [sqlite3_carray_bind()] interface musts be
11326 ** one of the following constants, to specify the datatype of the array
11327 ** that is being bound into the [carray table-valued function].
11328 */
11329 #define SQLITE_CARRAY_INT32     0    /* Data is 32-bit signed integers */
11330 #define SQLITE_CARRAY_INT64     1    /* Data is 64-bit signed integers */
11331 #define SQLITE_CARRAY_DOUBLE    2    /* Data is doubles */
11332 #define SQLITE_CARRAY_TEXT      3    /* Data is char* */
11333 #define SQLITE_CARRAY_BLOB      4    /* Data is struct iovec */
11334 
11335 /*
11336 ** Versions of the above #defines that omit the initial SQLITE_, for
11337 ** legacy compatibility.
11338 */
11339 #define CARRAY_INT32     0    /* Data is 32-bit signed integers */
11340 #define CARRAY_INT64     1    /* Data is 64-bit signed integers */
11341 #define CARRAY_DOUBLE    2    /* Data is doubles */
11342 #define CARRAY_TEXT      3    /* Data is char* */
11343 #define CARRAY_BLOB      4    /* Data is struct iovec */
11344 
11345 /*
11346 ** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
11347 ** builds on processors without floating point support.
11348 */
11349 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
11350 # undef double
11351 #endif
11352 
11353 #if defined(__wasi__)
11354 # undef SQLITE_WASI
11355 # define SQLITE_WASI 1
11356 # ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
11357 #  define SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
11358 # endif
11359 # ifndef SQLITE_THREADSAFE
11360 #  define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 0
11361 # endif
11362 #endif
11363 
11364 #ifdef __cplusplus
11365 }  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
11366 #endif
11367 /* #endif for SQLITE3_H will be added by mksqlite3.tcl */
11368 
11369 /******** Begin file sqlite3rtree.h *********/
11370 /*
11371 ** 2010 August 30
11372 **
11373 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
11374 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
11375 **
11376 **    May you do good and not evil.
11377 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
11378 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
11379 **
11380 *************************************************************************
11381 */
11382 
11383 #ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
11384 #define _SQLITE3RTREE_H_
11385 
11386 
11387 #ifdef __cplusplus
11388 extern "C" {
11389 #endif
11390 
11391 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry sqlite3_rtree_geometry;
11392 typedef struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info sqlite3_rtree_query_info;
11393 
11394 /* The double-precision datatype used by RTree depends on the
11395 ** SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY compile-time option.
11396 */
11397 #ifdef SQLITE_RTREE_INT_ONLY
11398   typedef sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
11399 #else
11400   typedef double sqlite3_rtree_dbl;
11401 #endif
11402 
11403 /*
11404 ** Register a geometry callback named zGeom that can be used as part of an
11405 ** R-Tree geometry query as follows:
11406 **
11407 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zGeom(... params ...)
11408 */
11409 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_geometry_callback(
11410   sqlite3 *db,
11411   const char *zGeom,
11412   int (*xGeom)(sqlite3_rtree_geometry*, int, sqlite3_rtree_dbl*,int*),
11413   void *pContext
11414 );
11415 
11416 
11417 /*
11418 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the first
11419 ** argument to callbacks registered using rtree_geometry_callback().
11420 */
11421 struct sqlite3_rtree_geometry {
11422   void *pContext;                 /* Copy of pContext passed to s_r_g_c() */
11423   int nParam;                     /* Size of array aParam[] */
11424   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;      /* Parameters passed to SQL geom function */
11425   void *pUser;                    /* Callback implementation user data */
11426   void (*xDelUser)(void *);       /* Called by SQLite to clean up pUser */
11427 };
11428 
11429 /*
11430 ** Register a 2nd-generation geometry callback named zScore that can be
11431 ** used as part of an R-Tree geometry query as follows:
11432 **
11433 **   SELECT ... FROM <rtree> WHERE <rtree col> MATCH $zQueryFunc(... params ...)
11434 */
11435 SQLITE_API int sqlite3_rtree_query_callback(
11436   sqlite3 *db,
11437   const char *zQueryFunc,
11438   int (*xQueryFunc)(sqlite3_rtree_query_info*),
11439   void *pContext,
11440   void (*xDestructor)(void*)
11441 );
11442 
11443 
11444 /*
11445 ** A pointer to a structure of the following type is passed as the
11446 ** argument to scored geometry callback registered using
11447 ** sqlite3_rtree_query_callback().
11448 **
11449 ** Note that the first 5 fields of this structure are identical to
11450 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.  This structure is a subclass of
11451 ** sqlite3_rtree_geometry.
11452 */
11453 struct sqlite3_rtree_query_info {
11454   void *pContext;                   /* pContext from when function registered */
11455   int nParam;                       /* Number of function parameters */
11456   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aParam;        /* value of function parameters */
11457   void *pUser;                      /* callback can use this, if desired */
11458   void (*xDelUser)(void*);          /* function to free pUser */
11459   sqlite3_rtree_dbl *aCoord;        /* Coordinates of node or entry to check */
11460   unsigned int *anQueue;            /* Number of pending entries in the queue */
11461   int nCoord;                       /* Number of coordinates */
11462   int iLevel;                       /* Level of current node or entry */
11463   int mxLevel;                      /* The largest iLevel value in the tree */
11464   sqlite3_int64 iRowid;             /* Rowid for current entry */
11465   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rParentScore;   /* Score of parent node */
11466   int eParentWithin;                /* Visibility of parent node */
11467   int eWithin;                      /* OUT: Visibility */
11468   sqlite3_rtree_dbl rScore;         /* OUT: Write the score here */
11469   /* The following fields are only available in 3.8.11 and later */
11470   sqlite3_value **apSqlParam;       /* Original SQL values of parameters */
11471 };
11472 
11473 /*
11474 ** Allowed values for sqlite3_rtree_query.eWithin and .eParentWithin.
11475 */
11476 #define NOT_WITHIN       0   /* Object completely outside of query region */
11477 #define PARTLY_WITHIN    1   /* Object partially overlaps query region */
11478 #define FULLY_WITHIN     2   /* Object fully contained within query region */
11479 
11480 
11481 #ifdef __cplusplus
11482 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
11483 #endif
11484 
11485 #endif  /* ifndef _SQLITE3RTREE_H_ */
11486 
11487 /******** End of sqlite3rtree.h *********/
11488 /******** Begin file sqlite3session.h *********/
11489 
11490 #if !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION)
11491 #define __SQLITESESSION_H_ 1
11492 
11493 /*
11494 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
11495 */
11496 #ifdef __cplusplus
11497 extern "C" {
11498 #endif
11499 
11500 
11501 /*
11502 ** CAPI3REF: Session Object Handle
11503 **
11504 ** An instance of this object is a [session] that can be used to
11505 ** record changes to a database.
11506 */
11507 typedef struct sqlite3_session sqlite3_session;
11508 
11509 /*
11510 ** CAPI3REF: Changeset Iterator Handle
11511 **
11512 ** An instance of this object acts as a cursor for iterating
11513 ** over the elements of a [changeset] or [patchset].
11514 */
11515 typedef struct sqlite3_changeset_iter sqlite3_changeset_iter;
11516 
11517 /*
11518 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Session Object
11519 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
11520 **
11521 ** Create a new session object attached to database handle db. If successful,
11522 ** a pointer to the new object is written to *ppSession and SQLITE_OK is
11523 ** returned. If an error occurs, *ppSession is set to NULL and an SQLite
11524 ** error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
11525 **
11526 ** It is possible to create multiple session objects attached to a single
11527 ** database handle.
11528 **
11529 ** Session objects created using this function should be deleted using the
11530 ** [sqlite3session_delete()] function before the database handle that they
11531 ** are attached to is itself closed. If the database handle is closed before
11532 ** the session object is deleted, then the results of calling any session
11533 ** module function, including [sqlite3session_delete()] on the session object
11534 ** are undefined.
11535 **
11536 ** Because the session module uses the [sqlite3_preupdate_hook()] API, it
11537 ** is not possible for an application to register a pre-update hook on a
11538 ** database handle that has one or more session objects attached. Nor is
11539 ** it possible to create a session object attached to a database handle for
11540 ** which a pre-update hook is already defined. The results of attempting
11541 ** either of these things are undefined.
11542 **
11543 ** The session object will be used to create changesets for tables in
11544 ** database zDb, where zDb is either "main", or "temp", or the name of an
11545 ** attached database. It is not an error if database zDb is not attached
11546 ** to the database when the session object is created.
11547 */
11548 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_create(
11549   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Database handle */
11550   const char *zDb,                /* Name of db (e.g. "main") */
11551   sqlite3_session **ppSession     /* OUT: New session object */
11552 );
11553 
11554 /*
11555 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Session Object
11556 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_session
11557 **
11558 ** Delete a session object previously allocated using
11559 ** [sqlite3session_create()]. Once a session object has been deleted, the
11560 ** results of attempting to use pSession with any other session module
11561 ** function are undefined.
11562 **
11563 ** Session objects must be deleted before the database handle to which they
11564 ** are attached is closed. Refer to the documentation for
11565 ** [sqlite3session_create()] for details.
11566 */
11567 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_delete(sqlite3_session *pSession);
11568 
11569 /*
11570 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a Session Object
11571 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11572 **
11573 ** This method is used to configure a session object after it has been
11574 ** created. At present the only valid values for the second parameter are
11575 ** [SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE] and [SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_ROWID].
11576 **
11577 */
11578 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_object_config(sqlite3_session*, int op, void *pArg);
11579 
11580 /*
11581 ** CAPI3REF: Options for sqlite3session_object_config
11582 **
11583 ** The following values may passed as the the 2nd parameter to
11584 ** sqlite3session_object_config().
11585 **
11586 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE <dd>
11587 **   This option is used to set, clear or query the flag that enables
11588 **   the [sqlite3session_changeset_size()] API. Because it imposes some
11589 **   computational overhead, this API is disabled by default. Argument
11590 **   pArg must point to a value of type (int). If the value is initially
11591 **   0, then the sqlite3session_changeset_size() API is disabled. If it
11592 **   is greater than 0, then the same API is enabled. Or, if the initial
11593 **   value is less than zero, no change is made. In all cases the (int)
11594 **   variable is set to 1 if the sqlite3session_changeset_size() API is
11595 **   enabled following the current call, or 0 otherwise.
11596 **
11597 **   It is an error (SQLITE_MISUSE) to attempt to modify this setting after
11598 **   the first table has been attached to the session object.
11599 **
11600 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_ROWID <dd>
11601 **   This option is used to set, clear or query the flag that enables
11602 **   collection of data for tables with no explicit PRIMARY KEY.
11603 **
11604 **   Normally, tables with no explicit PRIMARY KEY are simply ignored
11605 **   by the sessions module. However, if this flag is set, it behaves
11606 **   as if such tables have a column "_rowid_ INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" inserted
11607 **   as their leftmost columns.
11608 **
11609 **   It is an error (SQLITE_MISUSE) to attempt to modify this setting after
11610 **   the first table has been attached to the session object.
11611 */
11612 #define SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE  1
11613 #define SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_ROWID 2
11614 
11615 /*
11616 ** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable A Session Object
11617 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11618 **
11619 ** Enable or disable the recording of changes by a session object. When
11620 ** enabled, a session object records changes made to the database. When
11621 ** disabled - it does not. A newly created session object is enabled.
11622 ** Refer to the documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further
11623 ** details regarding how enabling and disabling a session object affects
11624 ** the eventual changesets.
11625 **
11626 ** Passing zero to this function disables the session. Passing a value
11627 ** greater than zero enables it. Passing a value less than zero is a
11628 ** no-op, and may be used to query the current state of the session.
11629 **
11630 ** The return value indicates the final state of the session object: 0 if
11631 ** the session is disabled, or 1 if it is enabled.
11632 */
11633 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_enable(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bEnable);
11634 
11635 /*
11636 ** CAPI3REF: Set Or Clear the Indirect Change Flag
11637 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11638 **
11639 ** Each change recorded by a session object is marked as either direct or
11640 ** indirect. A change is marked as indirect if either:
11641 **
11642 ** <ul>
11643 **   <li> The session object "indirect" flag is set when the change is
11644 **        made, or
11645 **   <li> The change is made by an SQL trigger or foreign key action
11646 **        instead of directly as a result of a users SQL statement.
11647 ** </ul>
11648 **
11649 ** If a single row is affected by more than one operation within a session,
11650 ** then the change is considered indirect if all operations meet the criteria
11651 ** for an indirect change above, or direct otherwise.
11652 **
11653 ** This function is used to set, clear or query the session object indirect
11654 ** flag.  If the second argument passed to this function is zero, then the
11655 ** indirect flag is cleared. If it is greater than zero, the indirect flag
11656 ** is set. Passing a value less than zero does not modify the current value
11657 ** of the indirect flag, and may be used to query the current state of the
11658 ** indirect flag for the specified session object.
11659 **
11660 ** The return value indicates the final state of the indirect flag: 0 if
11661 ** it is clear, or 1 if it is set.
11662 */
11663 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_indirect(sqlite3_session *pSession, int bIndirect);
11664 
11665 /*
11666 ** CAPI3REF: Attach A Table To A Session Object
11667 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11668 **
11669 ** If argument zTab is not NULL, then it is the name of a table to attach
11670 ** to the session object passed as the first argument. All subsequent changes
11671 ** made to the table while the session object is enabled will be recorded. See
11672 ** documentation for [sqlite3session_changeset()] for further details.
11673 **
11674 ** Or, if argument zTab is NULL, then changes are recorded for all tables
11675 ** in the database. If additional tables are added to the database (by
11676 ** executing "CREATE TABLE" statements) after this call is made, changes for
11677 ** the new tables are also recorded.
11678 **
11679 ** Changes can only be recorded for tables that have a PRIMARY KEY explicitly
11680 ** defined as part of their CREATE TABLE statement. It does not matter if the
11681 ** PRIMARY KEY is an "INTEGER PRIMARY KEY" (rowid alias) or not. The PRIMARY
11682 ** KEY may consist of a single column, or may be a composite key.
11683 **
11684 ** It is not an error if the named table does not exist in the database. Nor
11685 ** is it an error if the named table does not have a PRIMARY KEY. However,
11686 ** no changes will be recorded in either of these scenarios.
11687 **
11688 ** Changes are not recorded for individual rows that have NULL values stored
11689 ** in one or more of their PRIMARY KEY columns.
11690 **
11691 ** SQLITE_OK is returned if the call completes without error. Or, if an error
11692 ** occurs, an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned.
11693 **
11694 ** <h3>Special sqlite_stat1 Handling</h3>
11695 **
11696 ** As of SQLite version 3.22.0, the "sqlite_stat1" table is an exception to
11697 ** some of the rules above. In SQLite, the schema of sqlite_stat1 is:
11698 **  <pre>
11699 **  &nbsp;     CREATE TABLE sqlite_stat1(tbl,idx,stat)
11700 **  </pre>
11701 **
11702 ** Even though sqlite_stat1 does not have a PRIMARY KEY, changes are
11703 ** recorded for it as if the PRIMARY KEY is (tbl,idx). Additionally, changes
11704 ** are recorded for rows for which (idx IS NULL) is true. However, for such
11705 ** rows a zero-length blob (SQL value X'') is stored in the changeset or
11706 ** patchset instead of a NULL value. This allows such changesets to be
11707 ** manipulated by legacy implementations of sqlite3changeset_invert(),
11708 ** concat() and similar.
11709 **
11710 ** The sqlite3changeset_apply() function automatically converts the
11711 ** zero-length blob back to a NULL value when updating the sqlite_stat1
11712 ** table. However, if the application calls sqlite3changeset_new(),
11713 ** sqlite3changeset_old() or sqlite3changeset_conflict on a changeset
11714 ** iterator directly (including on a changeset iterator passed to a
11715 ** conflict-handler callback) then the X'' value is returned. The application
11716 ** must translate X'' to NULL itself if required.
11717 **
11718 ** Legacy (older than 3.22.0) versions of the sessions module cannot capture
11719 ** changes made to the sqlite_stat1 table. Legacy versions of the
11720 ** sqlite3changeset_apply() function silently ignore any modifications to the
11721 ** sqlite_stat1 table that are part of a changeset or patchset.
11722 */
11723 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_attach(
11724   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
11725   const char *zTab                /* Table name */
11726 );
11727 
11728 /*
11729 ** CAPI3REF: Set a table filter on a Session Object.
11730 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11731 **
11732 ** The second argument (xFilter) is the "filter callback". For changes to rows
11733 ** in tables that are not attached to the Session object, the filter is called
11734 ** to determine whether changes to the table's rows should be tracked or not.
11735 ** If xFilter returns 0, changes are not tracked. Note that once a table is
11736 ** attached, xFilter will not be called again.
11737 */
11738 SQLITE_API void sqlite3session_table_filter(
11739   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
11740   int(*xFilter)(
11741     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of third arg to _filter_table() */
11742     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
11743   ),
11744   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xFilter */
11745 );
11746 
11747 /*
11748 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Changeset From A Session Object
11749 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11750 **
11751 ** Obtain a changeset containing changes to the tables attached to the
11752 ** session object passed as the first argument. If successful,
11753 ** set *ppChangeset to point to a buffer containing the changeset
11754 ** and *pnChangeset to the size of the changeset in bytes before returning
11755 ** SQLITE_OK. If an error occurs, set both *ppChangeset and *pnChangeset to
11756 ** zero and return an SQLite error code.
11757 **
11758 ** A changeset consists of zero or more INSERT, UPDATE and/or DELETE changes,
11759 ** each representing a change to a single row of an attached table. An INSERT
11760 ** change contains the values of each field of a new database row. A DELETE
11761 ** contains the original values of each field of a deleted database row. An
11762 ** UPDATE change contains the original values of each field of an updated
11763 ** database row along with the updated values for each updated non-primary-key
11764 ** column. It is not possible for an UPDATE change to represent a change that
11765 ** modifies the values of primary key columns. If such a change is made, it
11766 ** is represented in a changeset as a DELETE followed by an INSERT.
11767 **
11768 ** Changes are not recorded for rows that have NULL values stored in one or
11769 ** more of their PRIMARY KEY columns. If such a row is inserted or deleted,
11770 ** no corresponding change is present in the changesets returned by this
11771 ** function. If an existing row with one or more NULL values stored in
11772 ** PRIMARY KEY columns is updated so that all PRIMARY KEY columns are non-NULL,
11773 ** only an INSERT is appears in the changeset. Similarly, if an existing row
11774 ** with non-NULL PRIMARY KEY values is updated so that one or more of its
11775 ** PRIMARY KEY columns are set to NULL, the resulting changeset contains a
11776 ** DELETE change only.
11777 **
11778 ** The contents of a changeset may be traversed using an iterator created
11779 ** using the [sqlite3changeset_start()] API. A changeset may be applied to
11780 ** a database with a compatible schema using the [sqlite3changeset_apply()]
11781 ** API.
11782 **
11783 ** Within a changeset generated by this function, all changes related to a
11784 ** single table are grouped together. In other words, when iterating through
11785 ** a changeset or when applying a changeset to a database, all changes related
11786 ** to a single table are processed before moving on to the next table. Tables
11787 ** are sorted in the same order in which they were attached (or auto-attached)
11788 ** to the sqlite3_session object. The order in which the changes related to
11789 ** a single table are stored is undefined.
11790 **
11791 ** Following a successful call to this function, it is the responsibility of
11792 ** the caller to eventually free the buffer that *ppChangeset points to using
11793 ** [sqlite3_free()].
11794 **
11795 ** <h3>Changeset Generation</h3>
11796 **
11797 ** Once a table has been attached to a session object, the session object
11798 ** records the primary key values of all new rows inserted into the table.
11799 ** It also records the original primary key and other column values of any
11800 ** deleted or updated rows. For each unique primary key value, data is only
11801 ** recorded once - the first time a row with said primary key is inserted,
11802 ** updated or deleted in the lifetime of the session.
11803 **
11804 ** There is one exception to the previous paragraph: when a row is inserted,
11805 ** updated or deleted, if one or more of its primary key columns contain a
11806 ** NULL value, no record of the change is made.
11807 **
11808 ** The session object therefore accumulates two types of records - those
11809 ** that consist of primary key values only (created when the user inserts
11810 ** a new record) and those that consist of the primary key values and the
11811 ** original values of other table columns (created when the users deletes
11812 ** or updates a record).
11813 **
11814 ** When this function is called, the requested changeset is created using
11815 ** both the accumulated records and the current contents of the database
11816 ** file. Specifically:
11817 **
11818 ** <ul>
11819 **   <li> For each record generated by an insert, the database is queried
11820 **        for a row with a matching primary key. If one is found, an INSERT
11821 **        change is added to the changeset. If no such row is found, no change
11822 **        is added to the changeset.
11823 **
11824 **   <li> For each record generated by an update or delete, the database is
11825 **        queried for a row with a matching primary key. If such a row is
11826 **        found and one or more of the non-primary key fields have been
11827 **        modified from their original values, an UPDATE change is added to
11828 **        the changeset. Or, if no such row is found in the table, a DELETE
11829 **        change is added to the changeset. If there is a row with a matching
11830 **        primary key in the database, but all fields contain their original
11831 **        values, no change is added to the changeset.
11832 ** </ul>
11833 **
11834 ** This means, amongst other things, that if a row is inserted and then later
11835 ** deleted while a session object is active, neither the insert nor the delete
11836 ** will be present in the changeset. Or if a row is deleted and then later a
11837 ** row with the same primary key values inserted while a session object is
11838 ** active, the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change instead of
11839 ** a DELETE and an INSERT.
11840 **
11841 ** When a session object is disabled (see the [sqlite3session_enable()] API),
11842 ** it does not accumulate records when rows are inserted, updated or deleted.
11843 ** This may appear to have some counter-intuitive effects if a single row
11844 ** is written to more than once during a session. For example, if a row
11845 ** is inserted while a session object is enabled, then later deleted while
11846 ** the same session object is disabled, no INSERT record will appear in the
11847 ** changeset, even though the delete took place while the session was disabled.
11848 ** Or, if one field of a row is updated while a session is enabled, and
11849 ** then another field of the same row is updated while the session is disabled,
11850 ** the resulting changeset will contain an UPDATE change that updates both
11851 ** fields.
11852 */
11853 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset(
11854   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
11855   int *pnChangeset,               /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppChangeset */
11856   void **ppChangeset              /* OUT: Buffer containing changeset */
11857 );
11858 
11859 /*
11860 ** CAPI3REF: Return An Upper-limit For The Size Of The Changeset
11861 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11862 **
11863 ** By default, this function always returns 0. For it to return
11864 ** a useful result, the sqlite3_session object must have been configured
11865 ** to enable this API using sqlite3session_object_config() with the
11866 ** SQLITE_SESSION_OBJCONFIG_SIZE verb.
11867 **
11868 ** When enabled, this function returns an upper limit, in bytes, for the size
11869 ** of the changeset that might be produced if sqlite3session_changeset() were
11870 ** called. The final changeset size might be equal to or smaller than the
11871 ** size in bytes returned by this function.
11872 */
11873 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3session_changeset_size(sqlite3_session *pSession);
11874 
11875 /*
11876 ** CAPI3REF: Load The Difference Between Tables Into A Session
11877 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11878 **
11879 ** If it is not already attached to the session object passed as the first
11880 ** argument, this function attaches table zTbl in the same manner as the
11881 ** [sqlite3session_attach()] function. If zTbl does not exist, or if it
11882 ** does not have a primary key, this function is a no-op (but does not return
11883 ** an error).
11884 **
11885 ** Argument zFromDb must be the name of a database ("main", "temp" etc.)
11886 ** attached to the same database handle as the session object that contains
11887 ** a table compatible with the table attached to the session by this function.
11888 ** A table is considered compatible if it:
11889 **
11890 ** <ul>
11891 **   <li> Has the same name,
11892 **   <li> Has the same set of columns declared in the same order, and
11893 **   <li> Has the same PRIMARY KEY definition.
11894 ** </ul>
11895 **
11896 ** If the tables are not compatible, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned. If the tables
11897 ** are compatible but do not have any PRIMARY KEY columns, it is not an error
11898 ** but no changes are added to the session object. As with other session
11899 ** APIs, tables without PRIMARY KEYs are simply ignored.
11900 **
11901 ** This function adds a set of changes to the session object that could be
11902 ** used to update the table in database zFrom (call this the "from-table")
11903 ** so that its content is the same as the table attached to the session
11904 ** object (call this the "to-table"). Specifically:
11905 **
11906 ** <ul>
11907 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
11908 **     the from-table, an INSERT record is added to the session object.
11909 **
11910 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in the to-table but not in
11911 **     the from-table, a DELETE record is added to the session object.
11912 **
11913 **   <li> For each row (primary key) that exists in both tables, but features
11914 **     different non-PK values in each, an UPDATE record is added to the
11915 **     session.
11916 ** </ul>
11917 **
11918 ** To clarify, if this function is called and then a changeset constructed
11919 ** using [sqlite3session_changeset()], then after applying that changeset to
11920 ** database zFrom the contents of the two compatible tables would be
11921 ** identical.
11922 **
11923 ** Unless the call to this function is a no-op as described above, it is an
11924 ** error if database zFrom does not exist or does not contain the required
11925 ** compatible table.
11926 **
11927 ** If the operation is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an SQLite
11928 ** error code. In this case, if argument pzErrMsg is not NULL, *pzErrMsg
11929 ** may be set to point to a buffer containing an English language error
11930 ** message. It is the responsibility of the caller to free this buffer using
11931 ** sqlite3_free().
11932 */
11933 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_diff(
11934   sqlite3_session *pSession,
11935   const char *zFromDb,
11936   const char *zTbl,
11937   char **pzErrMsg
11938 );
11939 
11940 
11941 /*
11942 ** CAPI3REF: Generate A Patchset From A Session Object
11943 ** METHOD: sqlite3_session
11944 **
11945 ** The differences between a patchset and a changeset are that:
11946 **
11947 ** <ul>
11948 **   <li> DELETE records consist of the primary key fields only. The
11949 **        original values of other fields are omitted.
11950 **   <li> The original values of any modified fields are omitted from
11951 **        UPDATE records.
11952 ** </ul>
11953 **
11954 ** A patchset blob may be used with up to date versions of all
11955 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx API functions except for sqlite3changeset_invert(),
11956 ** which returns SQLITE_CORRUPT if it is passed a patchset. Similarly,
11957 ** attempting to use a patchset blob with old versions of the
11958 ** sqlite3changeset_xxx APIs also provokes an SQLITE_CORRUPT error.
11959 **
11960 ** Because the non-primary key "old.*" fields are omitted, no
11961 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflicts can be detected or reported if a patchset
11962 ** is passed to the sqlite3changeset_apply() API. Other conflict types work
11963 ** in the same way as for changesets.
11964 **
11965 ** Changes within a patchset are ordered in the same way as for changesets
11966 ** generated by the sqlite3session_changeset() function (i.e. all changes for
11967 ** a single table are grouped together, tables appear in the order in which
11968 ** they were attached to the session object).
11969 */
11970 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset(
11971   sqlite3_session *pSession,      /* Session object */
11972   int *pnPatchset,                /* OUT: Size of buffer at *ppPatchset */
11973   void **ppPatchset               /* OUT: Buffer containing patchset */
11974 );
11975 
11976 /*
11977 ** CAPI3REF: Test if a changeset has recorded any changes.
11978 **
11979 ** Return non-zero if no changes to attached tables have been recorded by
11980 ** the session object passed as the first argument. Otherwise, if one or
11981 ** more changes have been recorded, return zero.
11982 **
11983 ** Even if this function returns zero, it is possible that calling
11984 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()] on the session handle may still return a
11985 ** changeset that contains no changes. This can happen when a row in
11986 ** an attached table is modified and then later on the original values
11987 ** are restored. However, if this function returns non-zero, then it is
11988 ** guaranteed that a call to sqlite3session_changeset() will return a
11989 ** changeset containing zero changes.
11990 */
11991 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_isempty(sqlite3_session *pSession);
11992 
11993 /*
11994 ** CAPI3REF: Query for the amount of heap memory used by a session object.
11995 **
11996 ** This API returns the total amount of heap memory in bytes currently
11997 ** used by the session object passed as the only argument.
11998 */
11999 SQLITE_API sqlite3_int64 sqlite3session_memory_used(sqlite3_session *pSession);
12000 
12001 /*
12002 ** CAPI3REF: Create An Iterator To Traverse A Changeset
12003 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12004 **
12005 ** Create an iterator used to iterate through the contents of a changeset.
12006 ** If successful, *pp is set to point to the iterator handle and SQLITE_OK
12007 ** is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, *pp is set to zero and an
12008 ** SQLite error code is returned.
12009 **
12010 ** The following functions can be used to advance and query a changeset
12011 ** iterator created by this function:
12012 **
12013 ** <ul>
12014 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_next()]
12015 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_op()]
12016 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_new()]
12017 **   <li> [sqlite3changeset_old()]
12018 ** </ul>
12019 **
12020 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually destroy the iterator
12021 ** by passing it to [sqlite3changeset_finalize()]. The buffer containing the
12022 ** changeset (pChangeset) must remain valid until after the iterator is
12023 ** destroyed.
12024 **
12025 ** Assuming the changeset blob was created by one of the
12026 ** [sqlite3session_changeset()], [sqlite3changeset_concat()] or
12027 ** [sqlite3changeset_invert()] functions, all changes within the changeset
12028 ** that apply to a single table are grouped together. This means that when
12029 ** an application iterates through a changeset using an iterator created by
12030 ** this function, all changes that relate to a single table are visited
12031 ** consecutively. There is no chance that the iterator will visit a change
12032 ** the applies to table X, then one for table Y, and then later on visit
12033 ** another change for table X.
12034 **
12035 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_start_v2() and its streaming equivalent
12036 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
12037 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT | supported flags] as the 4th parameter.
12038 **
12039 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_start_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
12040 ** and therefore subject to change.
12041 */
12042 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start(
12043   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
12044   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
12045   void *pChangeset                /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
12046 );
12047 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2(
12048   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,    /* OUT: New changeset iterator handle */
12049   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset blob in bytes */
12050   void *pChangeset,               /* Pointer to blob containing changeset */
12051   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETSTART_* flags */
12052 );
12053 
12054 /*
12055 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_start_v2
12056 **
12057 ** The following flags may passed via the 4th parameter to
12058 ** [sqlite3changeset_start_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm]:
12059 **
12060 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT <dd>
12061 **   Invert the changeset while iterating through it. This is equivalent to
12062 **   inverting a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it.
12063 **   It is an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
12064 */
12065 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETSTART_INVERT        0x0002
12066 
12067 
12068 /*
12069 ** CAPI3REF: Advance A Changeset Iterator
12070 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12071 **
12072 ** This function may only be used with iterators created by the function
12073 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()]. If it is called on an iterator passed to
12074 ** a conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], SQLITE_MISUSE
12075 ** is returned and the call has no effect.
12076 **
12077 ** Immediately after an iterator is created by sqlite3changeset_start(), it
12078 ** does not point to any change in the changeset. Assuming the changeset
12079 ** is not empty, the first call to this function advances the iterator to
12080 ** point to the first change in the changeset. Each subsequent call advances
12081 ** the iterator to point to the next change in the changeset (if any). If
12082 ** no error occurs and the iterator points to a valid change after a call
12083 ** to sqlite3changeset_next() has advanced it, SQLITE_ROW is returned.
12084 ** Otherwise, if all changes in the changeset have already been visited,
12085 ** SQLITE_DONE is returned.
12086 **
12087 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. Possible error
12088 ** codes include SQLITE_CORRUPT (if the changeset buffer is corrupt) or
12089 ** SQLITE_NOMEM.
12090 */
12091 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_next(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
12092 
12093 /*
12094 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Current Operation From A Changeset Iterator
12095 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12096 **
12097 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
12098 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
12099 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
12100 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned [SQLITE_ROW]. If this
12101 ** is not the case, this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE].
12102 **
12103 ** Arguments pOp, pnCol and pzTab may not be NULL. Upon return, three
12104 ** outputs are set through these pointers:
12105 **
12106 ** *pOp is set to one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
12107 ** depending on the type of change that the iterator currently points to;
12108 **
12109 ** *pnCol is set to the number of columns in the table affected by the change; and
12110 **
12111 ** *pzTab is set to point to a nul-terminated utf-8 encoded string containing
12112 ** the name of the table affected by the current change. The buffer remains
12113 ** valid until either sqlite3changeset_next() is called on the iterator
12114 ** or until the conflict-handler function returns.
12115 **
12116 ** If pbIndirect is not NULL, then *pbIndirect is set to true (1) if the change
12117 ** is an indirect change, or false (0) otherwise. See the documentation for
12118 ** [sqlite3session_indirect()] for a description of direct and indirect
12119 ** changes.
12120 **
12121 ** If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error does occur, an
12122 ** SQLite error code is returned. The values of the output variables may not
12123 ** be trusted in this case.
12124 */
12125 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_op(
12126   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
12127   const char **pzTab,             /* OUT: Pointer to table name */
12128   int *pnCol,                     /* OUT: Number of columns in table */
12129   int *pOp,                       /* OUT: SQLITE_INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE */
12130   int *pbIndirect                 /* OUT: True for an 'indirect' change */
12131 );
12132 
12133 /*
12134 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain The Primary Key Definition Of A Table
12135 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12136 **
12137 ** For each modified table, a changeset includes the following:
12138 **
12139 ** <ul>
12140 **   <li> The number of columns in the table, and
12141 **   <li> Which of those columns make up the tables PRIMARY KEY.
12142 ** </ul>
12143 **
12144 ** This function is used to find which columns comprise the PRIMARY KEY of
12145 ** the table modified by the change that iterator pIter currently points to.
12146 ** If successful, *pabPK is set to point to an array of nCol entries, where
12147 ** nCol is the number of columns in the table. Elements of *pabPK are set to
12148 ** 0x01 if the corresponding column is part of the tables primary key, or
12149 ** 0x00 if it is not.
12150 **
12151 ** If argument pnCol is not NULL, then *pnCol is set to the number of columns
12152 ** in the table.
12153 **
12154 ** If this function is called when the iterator does not point to a valid
12155 ** entry, SQLITE_MISUSE is returned and the output variables zeroed. Otherwise,
12156 ** SQLITE_OK is returned and the output variables populated as described
12157 ** above.
12158 */
12159 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_pk(
12160   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Iterator object */
12161   unsigned char **pabPK,          /* OUT: Array of boolean - true for PK cols */
12162   int *pnCol                      /* OUT: Number of entries in output array */
12163 );
12164 
12165 /*
12166 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain old.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
12167 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12168 **
12169 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
12170 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
12171 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
12172 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
12173 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
12174 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE]. Otherwise,
12175 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
12176 **
12177 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
12178 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
12179 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12180 **
12181 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
12182 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
12183 ** original row values stored as part of the UPDATE or DELETE change and
12184 ** returns SQLITE_OK. The name of the function comes from the fact that this
12185 ** is similar to the "old.*" columns available to update or delete triggers.
12186 **
12187 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
12188 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12189 */
12190 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_old(
12191   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
12192   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
12193   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Old value (or NULL pointer) */
12194 );
12195 
12196 /*
12197 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain new.* Values From A Changeset Iterator
12198 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12199 **
12200 ** The pIter argument passed to this function may either be an iterator
12201 ** passed to a conflict-handler by [sqlite3changeset_apply()], or an iterator
12202 ** created by [sqlite3changeset_start()]. In the latter case, the most recent
12203 ** call to [sqlite3changeset_next()] must have returned SQLITE_ROW.
12204 ** Furthermore, it may only be called if the type of change that the iterator
12205 ** currently points to is either [SQLITE_UPDATE] or [SQLITE_INSERT]. Otherwise,
12206 ** this function returns [SQLITE_MISUSE] and sets *ppValue to NULL.
12207 **
12208 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
12209 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
12210 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12211 **
12212 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
12213 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the vector of
12214 ** new row values stored as part of the UPDATE or INSERT change and
12215 ** returns SQLITE_OK. If the change is an UPDATE and does not include
12216 ** a new value for the requested column, *ppValue is set to NULL and
12217 ** SQLITE_OK returned. The name of the function comes from the fact that
12218 ** this is similar to the "new.*" columns available to update or delete
12219 ** triggers.
12220 **
12221 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
12222 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12223 */
12224 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_new(
12225   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
12226   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
12227   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: New value (or NULL pointer) */
12228 );
12229 
12230 /*
12231 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain Conflicting Row Values From A Changeset Iterator
12232 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12233 **
12234 ** This function should only be used with iterator objects passed to a
12235 ** conflict-handler callback by [sqlite3changeset_apply()] with either
12236 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] or [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT]. If this function
12237 ** is called on any other iterator, [SQLITE_MISUSE] is returned and *ppValue
12238 ** is set to NULL.
12239 **
12240 ** Argument iVal must be greater than or equal to 0, and less than the number
12241 ** of columns in the table affected by the current change. Otherwise,
12242 ** [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12243 **
12244 ** If successful, this function sets *ppValue to point to a protected
12245 ** sqlite3_value object containing the iVal'th value from the
12246 ** "conflicting row" associated with the current conflict-handler callback
12247 ** and returns SQLITE_OK.
12248 **
12249 ** If some other error occurs (e.g. an OOM condition), an SQLite error code
12250 ** is returned and *ppValue is set to NULL.
12251 */
12252 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_conflict(
12253   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
12254   int iVal,                       /* Column number */
12255   sqlite3_value **ppValue         /* OUT: Value from conflicting row */
12256 );
12257 
12258 /*
12259 ** CAPI3REF: Determine The Number Of Foreign Key Constraint Violations
12260 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12261 **
12262 ** This function may only be called with an iterator passed to an
12263 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY conflict handler callback. In this case
12264 ** it sets the output variable to the total number of known foreign key
12265 ** violations in the destination database and returns SQLITE_OK.
12266 **
12267 ** In all other cases this function returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
12268 */
12269 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts(
12270   sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter,  /* Changeset iterator */
12271   int *pnOut                      /* OUT: Number of FK violations */
12272 );
12273 
12274 
12275 /*
12276 ** CAPI3REF: Finalize A Changeset Iterator
12277 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changeset_iter
12278 **
12279 ** This function is used to finalize an iterator allocated with
12280 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()].
12281 **
12282 ** This function should only be called on iterators created using the
12283 ** [sqlite3changeset_start()] function. If an application calls this
12284 ** function with an iterator passed to a conflict-handler by
12285 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply()], [SQLITE_MISUSE] is immediately returned and the
12286 ** call has no effect.
12287 **
12288 ** If an error was encountered within a call to an sqlite3changeset_xxx()
12289 ** function (for example an [SQLITE_CORRUPT] in [sqlite3changeset_next()] or an
12290 ** [SQLITE_NOMEM] in [sqlite3changeset_new()]) then an error code corresponding
12291 ** to that error is returned by this function. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK is
12292 ** returned. This is to allow the following pattern (pseudo-code):
12293 **
12294 ** <pre>
12295 **   sqlite3changeset_start();
12296 **   while( SQLITE_ROW==sqlite3changeset_next() ){
12297 **     // Do something with change.
12298 **   }
12299 **   rc = sqlite3changeset_finalize();
12300 **   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
12301 **     // An error has occurred
12302 **   }
12303 ** </pre>
12304 */
12305 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_finalize(sqlite3_changeset_iter *pIter);
12306 
12307 /*
12308 ** CAPI3REF: Invert A Changeset
12309 **
12310 ** This function is used to "invert" a changeset object. Applying an inverted
12311 ** changeset to a database reverses the effects of applying the uninverted
12312 ** changeset. Specifically:
12313 **
12314 ** <ul>
12315 **   <li> Each DELETE change is changed to an INSERT, and
12316 **   <li> Each INSERT change is changed to a DELETE, and
12317 **   <li> For each UPDATE change, the old.* and new.* values are exchanged.
12318 ** </ul>
12319 **
12320 ** This function does not change the order in which changes appear within
12321 ** the changeset. It merely reverses the sense of each individual change.
12322 **
12323 ** If successful, a pointer to a buffer containing the inverted changeset
12324 ** is stored in *ppOut, the size of the same buffer is stored in *pnOut, and
12325 ** SQLITE_OK is returned. If an error occurs, both *pnOut and *ppOut are
12326 ** zeroed and an SQLite error code returned.
12327 **
12328 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually call sqlite3_free()
12329 ** on the *ppOut pointer to free the buffer allocation following a successful
12330 ** call to this function.
12331 **
12332 ** WARNING/TODO: This function currently assumes that the input is a valid
12333 ** changeset. If it is not, the results are undefined.
12334 */
12335 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert(
12336   int nIn, const void *pIn,       /* Input changeset */
12337   int *pnOut, void **ppOut        /* OUT: Inverse of input */
12338 );
12339 
12340 /*
12341 ** CAPI3REF: Concatenate Two Changeset Objects
12342 **
12343 ** This function is used to concatenate two changesets, A and B, into a
12344 ** single changeset. The result is a changeset equivalent to applying
12345 ** changeset A followed by changeset B.
12346 **
12347 ** This function combines the two input changesets using an
12348 ** sqlite3_changegroup object. Calling it produces similar results as the
12349 ** following code fragment:
12350 **
12351 ** <pre>
12352 **   sqlite3_changegroup *pGrp;
12353 **   rc = sqlite3_changegroup_new(&pGrp);
12354 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nA, pA);
12355 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) rc = sqlite3changegroup_add(pGrp, nB, pB);
12356 **   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
12357 **     rc = sqlite3changegroup_output(pGrp, pnOut, ppOut);
12358 **   }else{
12359 **     *ppOut = 0;
12360 **     *pnOut = 0;
12361 **   }
12362 ** </pre>
12363 **
12364 ** Refer to the sqlite3_changegroup documentation below for details.
12365 */
12366 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat(
12367   int nA,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pA */
12368   void *pA,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset A */
12369   int nB,                         /* Number of bytes in buffer pB */
12370   void *pB,                       /* Pointer to buffer containing changeset B */
12371   int *pnOut,                     /* OUT: Number of bytes in output changeset */
12372   void **ppOut                    /* OUT: Buffer containing output changeset */
12373 );
12374 
12375 /*
12376 ** CAPI3REF: Changegroup Handle
12377 **
12378 ** A changegroup is an object used to combine two or more
12379 ** [changesets] or [patchsets]
12380 */
12381 typedef struct sqlite3_changegroup sqlite3_changegroup;
12382 
12383 /*
12384 ** CAPI3REF: Create A New Changegroup Object
12385 ** CONSTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
12386 **
12387 ** An sqlite3_changegroup object is used to combine two or more changesets
12388 ** (or patchsets) into a single changeset (or patchset). A single changegroup
12389 ** object may combine changesets or patchsets, but not both. The output is
12390 ** always in the same format as the input.
12391 **
12392 ** If successful, this function returns SQLITE_OK and populates (*pp) with
12393 ** a pointer to a new sqlite3_changegroup object before returning. The caller
12394 ** should eventually free the returned object using a call to
12395 ** sqlite3changegroup_delete(). If an error occurs, an SQLite error code
12396 ** (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) is returned and *pp is set to NULL.
12397 **
12398 ** The usual usage pattern for an sqlite3_changegroup object is as follows:
12399 **
12400 ** <ul>
12401 **   <li> It is created using a call to sqlite3changegroup_new().
12402 **
12403 **   <li> Zero or more changesets (or patchsets) are added to the object
12404 **        by calling sqlite3changegroup_add().
12405 **
12406 **   <li> The result of combining all input changesets together is obtained
12407 **        by the application via a call to sqlite3changegroup_output().
12408 **
12409 **   <li> The object is deleted using a call to sqlite3changegroup_delete().
12410 ** </ul>
12411 **
12412 ** Any number of calls to add() and output() may be made between the calls to
12413 ** new() and delete(), and in any order.
12414 **
12415 ** As well as the regular sqlite3changegroup_add() and
12416 ** sqlite3changegroup_output() functions, also available are the streaming
12417 ** versions sqlite3changegroup_add_strm() and sqlite3changegroup_output_strm().
12418 */
12419 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_new(sqlite3_changegroup **pp);
12420 
12421 /*
12422 ** CAPI3REF: Add a Schema to a Changegroup
12423 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup_schema
12424 **
12425 ** This method may be used to optionally enforce the rule that the changesets
12426 ** added to the changegroup handle must match the schema of database zDb
12427 ** ("main", "temp", or the name of an attached database). If
12428 ** sqlite3changegroup_add() is called to add a changeset that is not compatible
12429 ** with the configured schema, SQLITE_SCHEMA is returned and the changegroup
12430 ** object is left in an undefined state.
12431 **
12432 ** A changeset schema is considered compatible with the database schema in
12433 ** the same way as for sqlite3changeset_apply(). Specifically, for each
12434 ** table in the changeset, there exists a database table with:
12435 **
12436 ** <ul>
12437 **   <li> The name identified by the changeset, and
12438 **   <li> at least as many columns as recorded in the changeset, and
12439 **   <li> the primary key columns in the same position as recorded in
12440 **        the changeset.
12441 ** </ul>
12442 **
12443 ** The output of the changegroup object always has the same schema as the
12444 ** database nominated using this function. In cases where changesets passed
12445 ** to sqlite3changegroup_add() have fewer columns than the corresponding table
12446 ** in the database schema, these are filled in using the default column
12447 ** values from the database schema. This makes it possible to combined
12448 ** changesets that have different numbers of columns for a single table
12449 ** within a changegroup, provided that they are otherwise compatible.
12450 */
12451 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_schema(sqlite3_changegroup*, sqlite3*, const char *zDb);
12452 
12453 /*
12454 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Changeset To A Changegroup
12455 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
12456 **
12457 ** Add all changes within the changeset (or patchset) in buffer pData (size
12458 ** nData bytes) to the changegroup.
12459 **
12460 ** If the buffer contains a patchset, then all prior calls to this function
12461 ** on the same changegroup object must also have specified patchsets. Or, if
12462 ** the buffer contains a changeset, so must have the earlier calls to this
12463 ** function. Otherwise, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no changes are added
12464 ** to the changegroup.
12465 **
12466 ** Rows within the changeset and changegroup are identified by the values in
12467 ** their PRIMARY KEY columns. A change in the changeset is considered to
12468 ** apply to the same row as a change already present in the changegroup if
12469 ** the two rows have the same primary key.
12470 **
12471 ** Changes to rows that do not already appear in the changegroup are
12472 ** simply copied into it. Or, if both the new changeset and the changegroup
12473 ** contain changes that apply to a single row, the final contents of the
12474 ** changegroup depends on the type of each change, as follows:
12475 **
12476 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
12477 **   <tr><th style="white-space:pre">Existing Change  </th>
12478 **       <th style="white-space:pre">New Change       </th>
12479 **       <th>Output Change
12480 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>INSERT <td>
12481 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
12482 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
12483 **       added to the changegroup.
12484 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>UPDATE <td>
12485 **       The INSERT change remains in the changegroup. The values in the
12486 **       INSERT change are modified as if the row was inserted by the
12487 **       existing change and then updated according to the new change.
12488 **   <tr><td>INSERT <td>DELETE <td>
12489 **       The existing INSERT is removed from the changegroup. The DELETE is
12490 **       not added.
12491 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>INSERT <td>
12492 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
12493 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
12494 **       added to the changegroup.
12495 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>UPDATE <td>
12496 **       The existing UPDATE remains within the changegroup. It is amended
12497 **       so that the accompanying values are as if the row was updated once
12498 **       by the existing change and then again by the new change.
12499 **   <tr><td>UPDATE <td>DELETE <td>
12500 **       The existing UPDATE is replaced by the new DELETE within the
12501 **       changegroup.
12502 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>INSERT <td>
12503 **       If one or more of the column values in the row inserted by the
12504 **       new change differ from those in the row deleted by the existing
12505 **       change, the existing DELETE is replaced by an UPDATE within the
12506 **       changegroup. Otherwise, if the inserted row is exactly the same
12507 **       as the deleted row, the existing DELETE is simply discarded.
12508 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>UPDATE <td>
12509 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
12510 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
12511 **       added to the changegroup.
12512 **   <tr><td>DELETE <td>DELETE <td>
12513 **       The new change is ignored. This case does not occur if the new
12514 **       changeset was recorded immediately after the changesets already
12515 **       added to the changegroup.
12516 ** </table>
12517 **
12518 ** If the new changeset contains changes to a table that is already present
12519 ** in the changegroup, then the number of columns and the position of the
12520 ** primary key columns for the table must be consistent. If this is not the
12521 ** case, this function fails with SQLITE_SCHEMA. Except, if the changegroup
12522 ** object has been configured with a database schema using the
12523 ** sqlite3changegroup_schema() API, then it is possible to combine changesets
12524 ** with different numbers of columns for a single table, provided that
12525 ** they are otherwise compatible.
12526 **
12527 ** If the input changeset appears to be corrupt and the corruption is
12528 ** detected, SQLITE_CORRUPT is returned. Or, if an out-of-memory condition
12529 ** occurs during processing, this function returns SQLITE_NOMEM.
12530 **
12531 ** In all cases, if an error occurs the state of the final contents of the
12532 ** changegroup is undefined. If no error occurs, SQLITE_OK is returned.
12533 */
12534 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add(sqlite3_changegroup*, int nData, void *pData);
12535 
12536 /*
12537 ** CAPI3REF: Add A Single Change To A Changegroup
12538 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
12539 **
12540 ** This function adds the single change currently indicated by the iterator
12541 ** passed as the second argument to the changegroup object. The rules for
12542 ** adding the change are just as described for [sqlite3changegroup_add()].
12543 **
12544 ** If the change is successfully added to the changegroup, SQLITE_OK is
12545 ** returned. Otherwise, an SQLite error code is returned.
12546 **
12547 ** The iterator must point to a valid entry when this function is called.
12548 ** If it does not, SQLITE_ERROR is returned and no change is added to the
12549 ** changegroup. Additionally, the iterator must not have been opened with
12550 ** the SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT flag. In this case SQLITE_ERROR is also
12551 ** returned.
12552 */
12553 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_change(
12554   sqlite3_changegroup*,
12555   sqlite3_changeset_iter*
12556 );
12557 
12558 
12559 
12560 /*
12561 ** CAPI3REF: Obtain A Composite Changeset From A Changegroup
12562 ** METHOD: sqlite3_changegroup
12563 **
12564 ** Obtain a buffer containing a changeset (or patchset) representing the
12565 ** current contents of the changegroup. If the inputs to the changegroup
12566 ** were themselves changesets, the output is a changeset. Or, if the
12567 ** inputs were patchsets, the output is also a patchset.
12568 **
12569 ** As with the output of the sqlite3session_changeset() and
12570 ** sqlite3session_patchset() functions, all changes related to a single
12571 ** table are grouped together in the output of this function. Tables appear
12572 ** in the same order as for the very first changeset added to the changegroup.
12573 ** If the second or subsequent changesets added to the changegroup contain
12574 ** changes for tables that do not appear in the first changeset, they are
12575 ** appended onto the end of the output changeset, again in the order in
12576 ** which they are first encountered.
12577 **
12578 ** If an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the output
12579 ** variables (*pnData) and (*ppData) are set to 0. Otherwise, SQLITE_OK
12580 ** is returned and the output variables are set to the size of and a
12581 ** pointer to the output buffer, respectively. In this case it is the
12582 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the buffer using a
12583 ** call to sqlite3_free().
12584 */
12585 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output(
12586   sqlite3_changegroup*,
12587   int *pnData,                    /* OUT: Size of output buffer in bytes */
12588   void **ppData                   /* OUT: Pointer to output buffer */
12589 );
12590 
12591 /*
12592 ** CAPI3REF: Delete A Changegroup Object
12593 ** DESTRUCTOR: sqlite3_changegroup
12594 */
12595 SQLITE_API void sqlite3changegroup_delete(sqlite3_changegroup*);
12596 
12597 /*
12598 ** CAPI3REF: Apply A Changeset To A Database
12599 **
12600 ** Apply a changeset or patchset to a database. These functions attempt to
12601 ** update the "main" database attached to handle db with the changes found in
12602 ** the changeset passed via the second and third arguments.
12603 **
12604 ** All changes made by these functions are enclosed in a savepoint transaction.
12605 ** If any other error (aside from a constraint failure when attempting to
12606 ** write to the target database) occurs, then the savepoint transaction is
12607 ** rolled back, restoring the target database to its original state, and an
12608 ** SQLite error code returned. Additionally, starting with version 3.51.0,
12609 ** an error code and error message that may be accessed using the
12610 ** [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()] APIs are left in the database
12611 ** handle.
12612 **
12613 ** The fourth argument (xFilter) passed to these functions is the "filter
12614 ** callback". This may be passed NULL, in which case all changes in the
12615 ** changeset are applied to the database. For sqlite3changeset_apply() and
12616 ** sqlite3_changeset_apply_v2(), if it is not NULL, then it is invoked once
12617 ** for each table affected by at least one change in the changeset. In this
12618 ** case the table name is passed as the second argument, and a copy of
12619 ** the context pointer passed as the sixth argument to apply() or apply_v2()
12620 ** as the first. If the "filter callback" returns zero, then no attempt is
12621 ** made to apply any changes to the table. Otherwise, if the return value is
12622 ** non-zero, all changes related to the table are attempted.
12623 **
12624 ** For sqlite3_changeset_apply_v3(), the xFilter callback is invoked once
12625 ** per change. The second argument in this case is an sqlite3_changeset_iter
12626 ** that may be queried using the usual APIs for the details of the current
12627 ** change. If the "filter callback" returns zero in this case, then no attempt
12628 ** is made to apply the current change. If it returns non-zero, the change
12629 ** is applied.
12630 **
12631 ** For each table that is not excluded by the filter callback, this function
12632 ** tests that the target database contains a compatible table. A table is
12633 ** considered compatible if all of the following are true:
12634 **
12635 ** <ul>
12636 **   <li> The table has the same name as the name recorded in the
12637 **        changeset, and
12638 **   <li> The table has at least as many columns as recorded in the
12639 **        changeset, and
12640 **   <li> The table has primary key columns in the same position as
12641 **        recorded in the changeset.
12642 ** </ul>
12643 **
12644 ** If there is no compatible table, it is not an error, but none of the
12645 ** changes associated with the table are applied. A warning message is issued
12646 ** via the sqlite3_log() mechanism with the error code SQLITE_SCHEMA. At most
12647 ** one such warning is issued for each table in the changeset.
12648 **
12649 ** For each change for which there is a compatible table, an attempt is made
12650 ** to modify the table contents according to each UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE
12651 ** change that is not excluded by a filter callback. If a change cannot be
12652 ** applied cleanly, the conflict handler function passed as the fifth argument
12653 ** to sqlite3changeset_apply() may be invoked. A description of exactly when
12654 ** the conflict handler is invoked for each type of change is below.
12655 **
12656 ** Unlike the xFilter argument, xConflict may not be passed NULL. The results
12657 ** of passing anything other than a valid function pointer as the xConflict
12658 ** argument are undefined.
12659 **
12660 ** Each time the conflict handler function is invoked, it must return one
12661 ** of [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT], [SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT] or
12662 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE]. SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE may only be returned
12663 ** if the second argument passed to the conflict handler is either
12664 ** SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If the conflict-handler
12665 ** returns an illegal value, any changes already made are rolled back and
12666 ** the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE. Different
12667 ** actions are taken by sqlite3changeset_apply() depending on the value
12668 ** returned by each invocation of the conflict-handler function. Refer to
12669 ** the documentation for the three
12670 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT|available return values] for details.
12671 **
12672 ** <dl>
12673 ** <dt>DELETE Changes<dd>
12674 **   For each DELETE change, the function checks if the target database
12675 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
12676 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
12677 **   stored in all non-primary key columns also match the values stored in
12678 **   the changeset the row is deleted from the target database.
12679 **
12680 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
12681 **   the non-primary key fields contains a value different from the original
12682 **   row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function is
12683 **   invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. If the
12684 **   database table has more columns than are recorded in the changeset,
12685 **   only the values of those non-primary key fields are compared against
12686 **   the current database contents - any trailing database table columns
12687 **   are ignored.
12688 **
12689 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
12690 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
12691 **   passed as the second argument.
12692 **
12693 **   If the DELETE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns SQLITE_CONSTRAINT
12694 **   (which can only happen if a foreign key constraint is violated), the
12695 **   conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT]
12696 **   passed as the second argument. This includes the case where the DELETE
12697 **   operation is attempted because an earlier call to the conflict handler
12698 **   function returned [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
12699 **
12700 ** <dt>INSERT Changes<dd>
12701 **   For each INSERT change, an attempt is made to insert the new row into
12702 **   the database. If the changeset row contains fewer fields than the
12703 **   database table, the trailing fields are populated with their default
12704 **   values.
12705 **
12706 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because the database already
12707 **   contains a row with the same primary key values, the conflict handler
12708 **   function is invoked with the second argument set to
12709 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT].
12710 **
12711 **   If the attempt to insert the row fails because of some other constraint
12712 **   violation (e.g. NOT NULL or UNIQUE), the conflict handler function is
12713 **   invoked with the second argument set to [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT].
12714 **   This includes the case where the INSERT operation is re-attempted because
12715 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
12716 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
12717 **
12718 ** <dt>UPDATE Changes<dd>
12719 **   For each UPDATE change, the function checks if the target database
12720 **   contains a row with the same primary key value (or values) as the
12721 **   original row values stored in the changeset. If it does, and the values
12722 **   stored in all modified non-primary key columns also match the values
12723 **   stored in the changeset the row is updated within the target database.
12724 **
12725 **   If a row with matching primary key values is found, but one or more of
12726 **   the modified non-primary key fields contains a value different from an
12727 **   original row value stored in the changeset, the conflict-handler function
12728 **   is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA] as the second argument. Since
12729 **   UPDATE changes only contain values for non-primary key fields that are
12730 **   to be modified, only those fields need to match the original values to
12731 **   avoid the SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict-handler callback.
12732 **
12733 **   If no row with matching primary key values is found in the database,
12734 **   the conflict-handler function is invoked with [SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND]
12735 **   passed as the second argument.
12736 **
12737 **   If the UPDATE operation is attempted, but SQLite returns
12738 **   SQLITE_CONSTRAINT, the conflict-handler function is invoked with
12739 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT] passed as the second argument.
12740 **   This includes the case where the UPDATE operation is attempted after
12741 **   an earlier call to the conflict handler function returned
12742 **   [SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE].
12743 ** </dl>
12744 **
12745 ** It is safe to execute SQL statements, including those that write to the
12746 ** table that the callback related to, from within the xConflict callback.
12747 ** This can be used to further customize the application's conflict
12748 ** resolution strategy.
12749 **
12750 ** If the output parameters (ppRebase) and (pnRebase) are non-NULL and
12751 ** the input is a changeset (not a patchset), then sqlite3changeset_apply_v2()
12752 ** may set (*ppRebase) to point to a "rebase" that may be used with the
12753 ** sqlite3_rebaser APIs buffer before returning. In this case (*pnRebase)
12754 ** is set to the size of the buffer in bytes. It is the responsibility of the
12755 ** caller to eventually free any such buffer using sqlite3_free(). The buffer
12756 ** is only allocated and populated if one or more conflicts were encountered
12757 ** while applying the patchset. See comments surrounding the sqlite3_rebaser
12758 ** APIs for further details.
12759 **
12760 ** The behavior of sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and its streaming equivalent
12761 ** may be modified by passing a combination of
12762 ** [SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT | supported flags] as the 9th parameter.
12763 **
12764 ** Note that the sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() API is still <b>experimental</b>
12765 ** and therefore subject to change.
12766 */
12767 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply(
12768   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
12769   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
12770   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
12771   int(*xFilter)(
12772     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12773     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
12774   ),
12775   int(*xConflict)(
12776     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12777     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
12778     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
12779   ),
12780   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
12781 );
12782 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2(
12783   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
12784   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
12785   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
12786   int(*xFilter)(
12787     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12788     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
12789   ),
12790   int(*xConflict)(
12791     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12792     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
12793     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
12794   ),
12795   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
12796   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
12797   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
12798 );
12799 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v3(
12800   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
12801   int nChangeset,                 /* Size of changeset in bytes */
12802   void *pChangeset,               /* Changeset blob */
12803   int(*xFilter)(
12804     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12805     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change */
12806   ),
12807   int(*xConflict)(
12808     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
12809     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
12810     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
12811   ),
12812   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
12813   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase, /* OUT: Rebase data */
12814   int flags                       /* SESSION_CHANGESETAPPLY_* flags */
12815 );
12816 
12817 /*
12818 ** CAPI3REF: Flags for sqlite3changeset_apply_v2
12819 **
12820 ** The following flags may passed via the 9th parameter to
12821 ** [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2] and [sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm]:
12822 **
12823 ** <dl>
12824 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT <dd>
12825 **   Usually, the sessions module encloses all operations performed by
12826 **   a single call to apply_v2() or apply_v2_strm() in a [SAVEPOINT]. The
12827 **   SAVEPOINT is committed if the changeset or patchset is successfully
12828 **   applied, or rolled back if an error occurs. Specifying this flag
12829 **   causes the sessions module to omit this savepoint. In this case, if the
12830 **   caller has an open transaction or savepoint when apply_v2() is called,
12831 **   it may revert the partially applied changeset by rolling it back.
12832 **
12833 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT <dd>
12834 **   Invert the changeset before applying it. This is equivalent to inverting
12835 **   a changeset using sqlite3changeset_invert() before applying it. It is
12836 **   an error to specify this flag with a patchset.
12837 **
12838 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP <dd>
12839 **   Do not invoke the conflict handler callback for any changes that
12840 **   would not actually modify the database even if they were applied.
12841 **   Specifically, this means that the conflict handler is not invoked
12842 **   for:
12843 **    <ul>
12844 **    <li>a delete change if the row being deleted cannot be found,
12845 **    <li>an update change if the modified fields are already set to
12846 **        their new values in the conflicting row, or
12847 **    <li>an insert change if all fields of the conflicting row match
12848 **        the row being inserted.
12849 **    </ul>
12850 **
12851 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION <dd>
12852 **   If this flag it set, then all foreign key constraints in the target
12853 **   database behave as if they were declared with "ON UPDATE NO ACTION ON
12854 **   DELETE NO ACTION", even if they are actually CASCADE, RESTRICT, SET NULL
12855 **   or SET DEFAULT.
12856 */
12857 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_NOSAVEPOINT   0x0001
12858 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_INVERT        0x0002
12859 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_IGNORENOOP    0x0004
12860 #define SQLITE_CHANGESETAPPLY_FKNOACTION    0x0008
12861 
12862 /*
12863 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Passed To The Conflict Handler
12864 **
12865 ** Values that may be passed as the second argument to a conflict-handler.
12866 **
12867 ** <dl>
12868 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA<dd>
12869 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_DATA as the second argument
12870 **   when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the required
12871 **   PRIMARY KEY fields is present in the database, but one or more other
12872 **   (non primary-key) fields modified by the update do not contain the
12873 **   expected "before" values.
12874 **
12875 **   The conflicting row, in this case, is the database row with the matching
12876 **   primary key.
12877 **
12878 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND<dd>
12879 **   The conflict handler is invoked with CHANGESET_NOTFOUND as the second
12880 **   argument when processing a DELETE or UPDATE change if a row with the
12881 **   required PRIMARY KEY fields is not present in the database.
12882 **
12883 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
12884 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
12885 **
12886 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT<dd>
12887 **   CHANGESET_CONFLICT is passed as the second argument to the conflict
12888 **   handler while processing an INSERT change if the operation would result
12889 **   in duplicate primary key values.
12890 **
12891 **   The conflicting row in this case is the database row with the matching
12892 **   primary key.
12893 **
12894 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY<dd>
12895 **   If foreign key handling is enabled, and applying a changeset leaves the
12896 **   database in a state containing foreign key violations, the conflict
12897 **   handler is invoked with CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY as the second argument
12898 **   exactly once before the changeset is committed. If the conflict handler
12899 **   returns CHANGESET_OMIT, the changes, including those that caused the
12900 **   foreign key constraint violation, are committed. Or, if it returns
12901 **   CHANGESET_ABORT, the changeset is rolled back.
12902 **
12903 **   No current or conflicting row information is provided. The only function
12904 **   it is possible to call on the supplied sqlite3_changeset_iter handle
12905 **   is sqlite3changeset_fk_conflicts().
12906 **
12907 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT<dd>
12908 **   If any other constraint violation occurs while applying a change (i.e.
12909 **   a UNIQUE, CHECK or NOT NULL constraint), the conflict handler is
12910 **   invoked with CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT as the second argument.
12911 **
12912 **   There is no conflicting row in this case. The results of invoking the
12913 **   sqlite3changeset_conflict() API are undefined.
12914 **
12915 ** </dl>
12916 */
12917 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA        1
12918 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_NOTFOUND    2
12919 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT    3
12920 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONSTRAINT  4
12921 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_FOREIGN_KEY 5
12922 
12923 /*
12924 ** CAPI3REF: Constants Returned By The Conflict Handler
12925 **
12926 ** A conflict handler callback must return one of the following three values.
12927 **
12928 ** <dl>
12929 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT<dd>
12930 **   If a conflict handler returns this value no special action is taken. The
12931 **   change that caused the conflict is not applied. The session module
12932 **   continues to the next change in the changeset.
12933 **
12934 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE<dd>
12935 **   This value may only be returned if the second argument to the conflict
12936 **   handler was SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA or SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT. If this
12937 **   is not the case, any changes applied so far are rolled back and the
12938 **   call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_MISUSE.
12939 **
12940 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_DATA conflict
12941 **   handler, then the conflicting row is either updated or deleted, depending
12942 **   on the type of change.
12943 **
12944 **   If CHANGESET_REPLACE is returned by an SQLITE_CHANGESET_CONFLICT conflict
12945 **   handler, then the conflicting row is removed from the database and a
12946 **   second attempt to apply the change is made. If this second attempt fails,
12947 **   the original row is restored to the database before continuing.
12948 **
12949 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT<dd>
12950 **   If this value is returned, any changes applied so far are rolled back
12951 **   and the call to sqlite3changeset_apply() returns SQLITE_ABORT.
12952 ** </dl>
12953 */
12954 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_OMIT       0
12955 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_REPLACE    1
12956 #define SQLITE_CHANGESET_ABORT      2
12957 
12958 /*
12959 ** CAPI3REF: Rebasing changesets
12960 ** EXPERIMENTAL
12961 **
12962 ** Suppose there is a site hosting a database in state S0. And that
12963 ** modifications are made that move that database to state S1 and a
12964 ** changeset recorded (the "local" changeset). Then, a changeset based
12965 ** on S0 is received from another site (the "remote" changeset) and
12966 ** applied to the database. The database is then in state
12967 ** (S1+"remote"), where the exact state depends on any conflict
12968 ** resolution decisions (OMIT or REPLACE) made while applying "remote".
12969 ** Rebasing a changeset is to update it to take those conflict
12970 ** resolution decisions into account, so that the same conflicts
12971 ** do not have to be resolved elsewhere in the network.
12972 **
12973 ** For example, if both the local and remote changesets contain an
12974 ** INSERT of the same key on "CREATE TABLE t1(a PRIMARY KEY, b)":
12975 **
12976 **   local:  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v1');
12977 **   remote: INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1, 'v2');
12978 **
12979 ** and the conflict resolution is REPLACE, then the INSERT change is
12980 ** removed from the local changeset (it was overridden). Or, if the
12981 ** conflict resolution was "OMIT", then the local changeset is modified
12982 ** to instead contain:
12983 **
12984 **           UPDATE t1 SET b = 'v2' WHERE a=1;
12985 **
12986 ** Changes within the local changeset are rebased as follows:
12987 **
12988 ** <dl>
12989 ** <dt>Local INSERT<dd>
12990 **   This may only conflict with a remote INSERT. If the conflict
12991 **   resolution was OMIT, then add an UPDATE change to the rebased
12992 **   changeset. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE, add
12993 **   nothing to the rebased changeset.
12994 **
12995 ** <dt>Local DELETE<dd>
12996 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. In both cases the
12997 **   only possible resolution is OMIT. If the remote operation was a
12998 **   DELETE, then add no change to the rebased changeset. If the remote
12999 **   operation was an UPDATE, then the old.* fields of change are updated
13000 **   to reflect the new.* values in the UPDATE.
13001 **
13002 ** <dt>Local UPDATE<dd>
13003 **   This may conflict with a remote UPDATE or DELETE. If it conflicts
13004 **   with a DELETE, and the conflict resolution was OMIT, then the update
13005 **   is changed into an INSERT. Any undefined values in the new.* record
13006 **   from the update change are filled in using the old.* values from
13007 **   the conflicting DELETE. Or, if the conflict resolution was REPLACE,
13008 **   the UPDATE change is simply omitted from the rebased changeset.
13009 **
13010 **   If conflict is with a remote UPDATE and the resolution is OMIT, then
13011 **   the old.* values are rebased using the new.* values in the remote
13012 **   change. Or, if the resolution is REPLACE, then the change is copied
13013 **   into the rebased changeset with updates to columns also updated by
13014 **   the conflicting remote UPDATE removed. If this means no columns would
13015 **   be updated, the change is omitted.
13016 ** </dl>
13017 **
13018 ** A local change may be rebased against multiple remote changes
13019 ** simultaneously. If a single key is modified by multiple remote
13020 ** changesets, they are combined as follows before the local changeset
13021 ** is rebased:
13022 **
13023 ** <ul>
13024 **    <li> If there has been one or more REPLACE resolutions on a
13025 **         key, it is rebased according to a REPLACE.
13026 **
13027 **    <li> If there have been no REPLACE resolutions on a key, then
13028 **         the local changeset is rebased according to the most recent
13029 **         of the OMIT resolutions.
13030 ** </ul>
13031 **
13032 ** Note that conflict resolutions from multiple remote changesets are
13033 ** combined on a per-field basis, not per-row. This means that in the
13034 ** case of multiple remote UPDATE operations, some fields of a single
13035 ** local change may be rebased for REPLACE while others are rebased for
13036 ** OMIT.
13037 **
13038 ** In order to rebase a local changeset, the remote changeset must first
13039 ** be applied to the local database using sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() and
13040 ** the buffer of rebase information captured. Then:
13041 **
13042 ** <ol>
13043 **   <li> An sqlite3_rebaser object is created by calling
13044 **        sqlite3rebaser_create().
13045 **   <li> The new object is configured with the rebase buffer obtained from
13046 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() by calling sqlite3rebaser_configure().
13047 **        If the local changeset is to be rebased against multiple remote
13048 **        changesets, then sqlite3rebaser_configure() should be called
13049 **        multiple times, in the same order that the multiple
13050 **        sqlite3changeset_apply_v2() calls were made.
13051 **   <li> Each local changeset is rebased by calling sqlite3rebaser_rebase().
13052 **   <li> The sqlite3_rebaser object is deleted by calling
13053 **        sqlite3rebaser_delete().
13054 ** </ol>
13055 */
13056 typedef struct sqlite3_rebaser sqlite3_rebaser;
13057 
13058 /*
13059 ** CAPI3REF: Create a changeset rebaser object.
13060 ** EXPERIMENTAL
13061 **
13062 ** Allocate a new changeset rebaser object. If successful, set (*ppNew) to
13063 ** point to the new object and return SQLITE_OK. Otherwise, if an error
13064 ** occurs, return an SQLite error code (e.g. SQLITE_NOMEM) and set (*ppNew)
13065 ** to NULL.
13066 */
13067 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_create(sqlite3_rebaser **ppNew);
13068 
13069 /*
13070 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a changeset rebaser object.
13071 ** EXPERIMENTAL
13072 **
13073 ** Configure the changeset rebaser object to rebase changesets according
13074 ** to the conflict resolutions described by buffer pRebase (size nRebase
13075 ** bytes), which must have been obtained from a previous call to
13076 ** sqlite3changeset_apply_v2().
13077 */
13078 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_configure(
13079   sqlite3_rebaser*,
13080   int nRebase, const void *pRebase
13081 );
13082 
13083 /*
13084 ** CAPI3REF: Rebase a changeset
13085 ** EXPERIMENTAL
13086 **
13087 ** Argument pIn must point to a buffer containing a changeset nIn bytes
13088 ** in size. This function allocates and populates a buffer with a copy
13089 ** of the changeset rebased according to the configuration of the
13090 ** rebaser object passed as the first argument. If successful, (*ppOut)
13091 ** is set to point to the new buffer containing the rebased changeset and
13092 ** (*pnOut) to its size in bytes and SQLITE_OK returned. It is the
13093 ** responsibility of the caller to eventually free the new buffer using
13094 ** sqlite3_free(). Otherwise, if an error occurs, (*ppOut) and (*pnOut)
13095 ** are set to zero and an SQLite error code returned.
13096 */
13097 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase(
13098   sqlite3_rebaser*,
13099   int nIn, const void *pIn,
13100   int *pnOut, void **ppOut
13101 );
13102 
13103 /*
13104 ** CAPI3REF: Delete a changeset rebaser object.
13105 ** EXPERIMENTAL
13106 **
13107 ** Delete the changeset rebaser object and all associated resources. There
13108 ** should be one call to this function for each successful invocation
13109 ** of sqlite3rebaser_create().
13110 */
13111 SQLITE_API void sqlite3rebaser_delete(sqlite3_rebaser *p);
13112 
13113 /*
13114 ** CAPI3REF: Streaming Versions of API functions.
13115 **
13116 ** The six streaming API xxx_strm() functions serve similar purposes to the
13117 ** corresponding non-streaming API functions:
13118 **
13119 ** <table border=1 style="margin-left:8ex;margin-right:8ex">
13120 **   <tr><th>Streaming function<th>Non-streaming equivalent</th>
13121 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply]
13122 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_apply_strm_v2<td>[sqlite3changeset_apply_v2]
13123 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_concat_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_concat]
13124 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_invert_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_invert]
13125 **   <tr><td>sqlite3changeset_start_strm<td>[sqlite3changeset_start]
13126 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_changeset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_changeset]
13127 **   <tr><td>sqlite3session_patchset_strm<td>[sqlite3session_patchset]
13128 ** </table>
13129 **
13130 ** Non-streaming functions that accept changesets (or patchsets) as input
13131 ** require that the entire changeset be stored in a single buffer in memory.
13132 ** Similarly, those that return a changeset or patchset do so by returning
13133 ** a pointer to a single large buffer allocated using sqlite3_malloc().
13134 ** Normally this is convenient. However, if an application running in a
13135 ** low-memory environment is required to handle very large changesets, the
13136 ** large contiguous memory allocations required can become onerous.
13137 **
13138 ** In order to avoid this problem, instead of a single large buffer, input
13139 ** is passed to a streaming API functions by way of a callback function that
13140 ** the sessions module invokes to incrementally request input data as it is
13141 ** required. In all cases, a pair of API function parameters such as
13142 **
13143 **  <pre>
13144 **  &nbsp;     int nChangeset,
13145 **  &nbsp;     void *pChangeset,
13146 **  </pre>
13147 **
13148 ** Is replaced by:
13149 **
13150 **  <pre>
13151 **  &nbsp;     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13152 **  &nbsp;     void *pIn,
13153 **  </pre>
13154 **
13155 ** Each time the xInput callback is invoked by the sessions module, the first
13156 ** argument passed is a copy of the supplied pIn context pointer. The second
13157 ** argument, pData, points to a buffer (*pnData) bytes in size. Assuming no
13158 ** error occurs the xInput method should copy up to (*pnData) bytes of data
13159 ** into the buffer and set (*pnData) to the actual number of bytes copied
13160 ** before returning SQLITE_OK. If the input is completely exhausted, (*pnData)
13161 ** should be set to zero to indicate this. Or, if an error occurs, an SQLite
13162 ** error code should be returned. In all cases, if an xInput callback returns
13163 ** an error, all processing is abandoned and the streaming API function
13164 ** returns a copy of the error code to the caller.
13165 **
13166 ** In the case of sqlite3changeset_start_strm(), the xInput callback may be
13167 ** invoked by the sessions module at any point during the lifetime of the
13168 ** iterator. If such an xInput callback returns an error, the iterator enters
13169 ** an error state, whereby all subsequent calls to iterator functions
13170 ** immediately fail with the same error code as returned by xInput.
13171 **
13172 ** Similarly, streaming API functions that return changesets (or patchsets)
13173 ** return them in chunks by way of a callback function instead of via a
13174 ** pointer to a single large buffer. In this case, a pair of parameters such
13175 ** as:
13176 **
13177 **  <pre>
13178 **  &nbsp;     int *pnChangeset,
13179 **  &nbsp;     void **ppChangeset,
13180 **  </pre>
13181 **
13182 ** Is replaced by:
13183 **
13184 **  <pre>
13185 **  &nbsp;     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13186 **  &nbsp;     void *pOut
13187 **  </pre>
13188 **
13189 ** The xOutput callback is invoked zero or more times to return data to
13190 ** the application. The first parameter passed to each call is a copy of the
13191 ** pOut pointer supplied by the application. The second parameter, pData,
13192 ** points to a buffer nData bytes in size containing the chunk of output
13193 ** data being returned. If the xOutput callback successfully processes the
13194 ** supplied data, it should return SQLITE_OK to indicate success. Otherwise,
13195 ** it should return some other SQLite error code. In this case processing
13196 ** is immediately abandoned and the streaming API function returns a copy
13197 ** of the xOutput error code to the application.
13198 **
13199 ** The sessions module never invokes an xOutput callback with the third
13200 ** parameter set to a value less than or equal to zero. Other than this,
13201 ** no guarantees are made as to the size of the chunks of data returned.
13202 */
13203 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_strm(
13204   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
13205   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
13206   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
13207   int(*xFilter)(
13208     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13209     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
13210   ),
13211   int(*xConflict)(
13212     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13213     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
13214     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
13215   ),
13216   void *pCtx                      /* First argument passed to xConflict */
13217 );
13218 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v2_strm(
13219   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
13220   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
13221   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
13222   int(*xFilter)(
13223     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13224     const char *zTab              /* Table name */
13225   ),
13226   int(*xConflict)(
13227     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13228     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
13229     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
13230   ),
13231   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
13232   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase,
13233   int flags
13234 );
13235 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_apply_v3_strm(
13236   sqlite3 *db,                    /* Apply change to "main" db of this handle */
13237   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData), /* Input function */
13238   void *pIn,                                          /* First arg for xInput */
13239   int(*xFilter)(
13240     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13241     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p
13242   ),
13243   int(*xConflict)(
13244     void *pCtx,                   /* Copy of sixth arg to _apply() */
13245     int eConflict,                /* DATA, MISSING, CONFLICT, CONSTRAINT */
13246     sqlite3_changeset_iter *p     /* Handle describing change and conflict */
13247   ),
13248   void *pCtx,                     /* First argument passed to xConflict */
13249   void **ppRebase, int *pnRebase,
13250   int flags
13251 );
13252 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_concat_strm(
13253   int (*xInputA)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13254   void *pInA,
13255   int (*xInputB)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13256   void *pInB,
13257   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13258   void *pOut
13259 );
13260 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_invert_strm(
13261   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13262   void *pIn,
13263   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13264   void *pOut
13265 );
13266 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_strm(
13267   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
13268   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13269   void *pIn
13270 );
13271 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changeset_start_v2_strm(
13272   sqlite3_changeset_iter **pp,
13273   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13274   void *pIn,
13275   int flags
13276 );
13277 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_changeset_strm(
13278   sqlite3_session *pSession,
13279   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13280   void *pOut
13281 );
13282 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_patchset_strm(
13283   sqlite3_session *pSession,
13284   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13285   void *pOut
13286 );
13287 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_add_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
13288     int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13289     void *pIn
13290 );
13291 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_output_strm(sqlite3_changegroup*,
13292     int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13293     void *pOut
13294 );
13295 SQLITE_API int sqlite3rebaser_rebase_strm(
13296   sqlite3_rebaser *pRebaser,
13297   int (*xInput)(void *pIn, void *pData, int *pnData),
13298   void *pIn,
13299   int (*xOutput)(void *pOut, const void *pData, int nData),
13300   void *pOut
13301 );
13302 
13303 /*
13304 ** CAPI3REF: Configure global parameters
13305 **
13306 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is used to make global configuration
13307 ** changes to the sessions module in order to tune it to the specific needs
13308 ** of the application.
13309 **
13310 ** The sqlite3session_config() interface is not threadsafe. If it is invoked
13311 ** while any other thread is inside any other sessions method then the
13312 ** results are undefined. Furthermore, if it is invoked after any sessions
13313 ** related objects have been created, the results are also undefined.
13314 **
13315 ** The first argument to the sqlite3session_config() function must be one
13316 ** of the SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_XXX constants defined below. The
13317 ** interpretation of the (void*) value passed as the second parameter and
13318 ** the effect of calling this function depends on the value of the first
13319 ** parameter.
13320 **
13321 ** <dl>
13322 ** <dt>SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE<dd>
13323 **    By default, the sessions module streaming interfaces attempt to input
13324 **    and output data in approximately 1 KiB chunks. This operand may be used
13325 **    to set and query the value of this configuration setting. The pointer
13326 **    passed as the second argument must point to a value of type (int).
13327 **    If this value is greater than 0, it is used as the new streaming data
13328 **    chunk size for both input and output. Before returning, the (int) value
13329 **    pointed to by pArg is set to the final value of the streaming interface
13330 **    chunk size.
13331 ** </dl>
13332 **
13333 ** This function returns SQLITE_OK if successful, or an SQLite error code
13334 ** otherwise.
13335 */
13336 SQLITE_API int sqlite3session_config(int op, void *pArg);
13337 
13338 /*
13339 ** CAPI3REF: Values for sqlite3session_config().
13340 */
13341 #define SQLITE_SESSION_CONFIG_STRMSIZE 1
13342 
13343 /*
13344 ** CAPI3REF: Configure a changegroup object
13345 **
13346 ** Configure the changegroup object passed as the first argument.
13347 ** At present the only valid value for the second parameter is
13348 ** [SQLITE_CHANGEGROUP_CONFIG_PATCHSET].
13349 */
13350 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_config(sqlite3_changegroup*, int, void *pArg);
13351 
13352 /*
13353 ** CAPI3REF: Options for sqlite3changegroup_config().
13354 **
13355 ** The following values may be passed as the 2nd parameter to
13356 ** sqlite3changegroup_config().
13357 **
13358 ** <dt>SQLITE_CHANGEGROUP_CONFIG_PATCHSET <dd>
13359 **   A changegroup object generates either a changeset or patchset. Usually,
13360 **   this is determined by whether the first call to sqlite3changegroup_add()
13361 **   is passed a changeset or a patchset. Or, if the first changes are added
13362 **   to the changegroup object using the sqlite3changegroup_change_xxx()
13363 **   APIs, then this option may be used to configure whether the changegroup
13364 **   object generates a changeset or patchset.
13365 **
13366 **   When this option is invoked, parameter pArg must point to a value of
13367 **   type int. If the changegroup currently contains zero changes, and the
13368 **   value of the int variable is zero or greater than zero, then the
13369 **   changegroup is configured to generate a changeset or patchset,
13370 **   respectively. It is a no-op, not an error, if the changegroup is not
13371 **   configured because it has already started accumulating changes.
13372 **
13373 **   Before returning, the int variable is set to 0 if the changegroup is
13374 **   configured to generate a changeset, or 1 if it is configured to generate
13375 **   a patchset.
13376 */
13377 #define SQLITE_CHANGEGROUP_CONFIG_PATCHSET 1
13378 
13379 
13380 /*
13381 ** CAPI3REF: Begin adding a change to a changegroup
13382 **
13383 ** This API is used, in concert with other sqlite3changegroup_change_xxx()
13384 ** APIs, to add changes to a changegroup object one at a time. To add a
13385 ** single change, the caller must:
13386 **
13387 **   1. Invoke sqlite3changegroup_change_begin() to indicate the type of
13388 **      change (INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE), the affected table and whether
13389 **      or not the change should be marked as indirect.
13390 **
13391 **   2. Invoke sqlite3changegroup_change_int64() or one of the other four
13392 **      value functions - _null(), _double(), _text() or _blob() - one or
13393 **      more times to specify old.* and new.* values for the change being
13394 **      constructed.
13395 **
13396 **   3. Invoke sqlite3changegroup_change_finish() to either finish adding
13397 **      the change to the group, or to discard the change altogether.
13398 **
13399 ** The first argument to this function must be a pointer to the existing
13400 ** changegroup object that the change will be added to. The second argument
13401 ** must be SQLITE_INSERT, SQLITE_UPDATE or SQLITE_DELETE. The third is the
13402 ** name of the table that the change affects, and the fourth is a boolean
13403 ** flag specifying whether the change should be marked as "indirect" (if
13404 ** bIndirect is non-zero) or not indirect (if bIndirect is zero).
13405 **
13406 ** Following a successful call to this function, this function may not be
13407 ** called again on the same changegroup object until after
13408 ** sqlite3changegroup_change_finish() has been called. Doing so is an
13409 ** SQLITE_MISUSE error.
13410 **
13411 ** The changegroup object passed as the first argument must be already
13412 ** configured with schema data for the specified table. It may be configured
13413 ** either by calling sqlite3changegroup_schema() with a database that contains
13414 ** the table, or sqlite3changegroup_add() with a changeset that contains the
13415 ** table. If the changegroup object has not been configured with a schema for
13416 ** the specified table when this function is called, SQLITE_ERROR is returned.
13417 **
13418 ** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, if an error occurs, an
13419 ** SQLite error code is returned. In this case, if argument pzErr is non-NULL,
13420 ** then (*pzErr) may be set to point to a buffer containing a utf-8 formated,
13421 ** nul-terminated, English language error message. It is the responsibility
13422 ** of the caller to eventually free this buffer using sqlite3_free().
13423 */
13424 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_begin(
13425   sqlite3_changegroup*,
13426   int eOp,
13427   const char *zTab,
13428   int bIndirect,
13429   char **pzErr
13430 );
13431 
13432 /*
13433 ** CAPI3REF: Add a 64-bit integer to a changegroup
13434 **
13435 ** This function may only be called between a successful call to
13436 ** sqlite3changegroup_change_begin() and its matching
13437 ** sqlite3changegroup_change_finish() call. If it is called at any
13438 ** other time, it is an SQLITE_MISUSE error. Calling this function
13439 ** specifies a 64-bit integer value to be used in the change currently being
13440 ** added to the changegroup object passed as the first argument.
13441 **
13442 ** The second parameter, bNew, specifies whether the value is to be part of
13443 ** the new.* (if bNew is non-zero) or old.* (if bNew is zero) record of
13444 ** the change under construction. If this does not match the type of change
13445 ** specified by the preceding call to sqlite3changegroup_change_begin() (i.e.
13446 ** an old.* value for an SQLITE_INSERT change, or a new.* value for an
13447 ** SQLITE_DELETE), then SQLITE_ERROR is returned.
13448 **
13449 ** The third parameter specifies the column of the old.* or new.* record that
13450 ** the value will be a part of. If the specified table has an explicit primary
13451 ** key, then this is the index of the table column, numbered from 0 in the order
13452 ** specified within the CREATE TABLE statement. Or, if the table uses an
13453 ** implicit rowid key, then the column 0 is the rowid and the explicit columns
13454 ** are numbered starting from 1. If the iCol parameter is less than 0 or greater
13455 ** than the index of the last column in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned.
13456 **
13457 ** The fourth parameter is the integer value to use as part of the old.* or
13458 ** new.* record.
13459 **
13460 ** If this call is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, if an
13461 ** error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned.
13462 */
13463 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_int64(
13464   sqlite3_changegroup*,
13465   int bNew,
13466   int iCol,
13467   sqlite3_int64 iVal
13468 );
13469 
13470 /*
13471 ** CAPI3REF: Add a NULL to a changegroup
13472 **
13473 ** This function is similar to sqlite3changegroup_change_int64(). Except that
13474 ** it configures the change currently under construction with a NULL value
13475 ** instead of a 64-bit integer.
13476 */
13477 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_null(sqlite3_changegroup*, int, int);
13478 
13479 /*
13480 ** CAPI3REF: Add an double to a changegroup
13481 **
13482 ** This function is similar to sqlite3changegroup_change_int64(). Except that
13483 ** it configures the change currently being constructed with a real value
13484 ** instead of a 64-bit integer.
13485 */
13486 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_double(sqlite3_changegroup*, int, int, double);
13487 
13488 /*
13489 ** CAPI3REF: Add a text value to a changegroup
13490 **
13491 ** This function is similar to sqlite3changegroup_change_int64(). It configures
13492 ** the currently accumulated change with a text value instead of a 64-bit
13493 ** integer. Parameter pVal points to a buffer containing the text encoded using
13494 ** utf-8. Parameter nVal may either be the size of the text value in bytes, or
13495 ** else a negative value, in which case the buffer pVal points to is assumed to
13496 ** be nul-terminated.
13497 */
13498 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_text(
13499   sqlite3_changegroup*, int, int, const char *pVal, int nVal
13500 );
13501 
13502 /*
13503 ** CAPI3REF: Add a blob to a changegroup
13504 **
13505 ** This function is similar to sqlite3changegroup_change_int64(). It configures
13506 ** the currently accumulated change with a blob value instead of a 64-bit
13507 ** integer. Parameter pVal points to a buffer containing the blob. Parameter
13508 ** nVal is the size of the blob in bytes.
13509 */
13510 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_blob(
13511     sqlite3_changegroup*, int, int, const void *pVal, int nVal
13512 );
13513 
13514 /*
13515 ** CAPI3REF: Finish adding one-at-at-time changes to a changegroup
13516 **
13517 ** This function may only be called following a successful call to
13518 ** sqlite3changegroup_change_begin(). Otherwise, it is an SQLITE_MISUSE error.
13519 **
13520 ** If parameter bDiscard is non-zero, then the current change is simply
13521 ** discarded. In this case this function is always successful and SQLITE_OK
13522 ** returned.
13523 **
13524 ** If parameter bDiscard is zero, then an attempt is made to add the current
13525 ** change to the changegroup. Assuming the changegroup is configured to
13526 ** produce a changeset (not a patchset), this requires that:
13527 **
13528 **   *  If the change is an INSERT or DELETE, then a value must be specified
13529 **      for all columns of the new.* or old.* record, respectively.
13530 **
13531 **   *  If the change is an UPDATE record, then values must be provided for
13532 **      the PRIMARY KEY columns of the old.* record, but must not be provided
13533 **      for PRIMARY KEY columns of the new.* record.
13534 **
13535 **   *  If the change is an UPDATE record, then for each non-PRIMARY KEY
13536 **      column in the old.* record for which a value has been provided, a
13537 **      value must also be provided for the same column in the new.* record.
13538 **      Similarly, for each non-PK column in the old.* record for which
13539 **      a value is not provided, a value must not be provided for the same
13540 **      column in the new.* record.
13541 **
13542 **   *  All values specified for PRIMARY KEY columns must be non-NULL.
13543 **
13544 ** Otherwise, it is an error.
13545 **
13546 ** If the changegroup already contains a change for the same row (identified
13547 ** by PRIMARY KEY columns), then the current change is combined with the
13548 ** existing change in the same way as for sqlite3changegroup_add().
13549 **
13550 ** For a patchset, all of the above rules apply except that it doesn't matter
13551 ** whether or not values are provided for the non-PK old.* record columns
13552 ** for an UPDATE or DELETE change. This means that code used to produce
13553 ** a changeset using the sqlite3changegroup_change_xxx() APIs may also
13554 ** be used to produce patchsets.
13555 **
13556 ** If the call is successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, if an error
13557 ** occurs, an SQLite error code is returned. If an error is returned and
13558 ** parameter pzErr is not NULL, then (*pzErr) may be set to point to a buffer
13559 ** containing a nul-terminated, utf-8 encoded, English language error message.
13560 ** It is the responsibility of the caller to eventually free any such error
13561 ** message buffer using sqlite3_free().
13562 */
13563 SQLITE_API int sqlite3changegroup_change_finish(
13564   sqlite3_changegroup*,
13565   int bDiscard,
13566   char **pzErr
13567 );
13568 
13569 /*
13570 ** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
13571 */
13572 #ifdef __cplusplus
13573 }
13574 #endif
13575 
13576 #endif  /* !defined(__SQLITESESSION_H_) && defined(SQLITE_ENABLE_SESSION) */
13577 
13578 /******** End of sqlite3session.h *********/
13579 /******** Begin file fts5.h *********/
13580 /*
13581 ** 2014 May 31
13582 **
13583 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
13584 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
13585 **
13586 **    May you do good and not evil.
13587 **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
13588 **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
13589 **
13590 ******************************************************************************
13591 **
13592 ** Interfaces to extend FTS5. Using the interfaces defined in this file,
13593 ** FTS5 may be extended with:
13594 **
13595 **     * custom tokenizers, and
13596 **     * custom auxiliary functions.
13597 */
13598 
13599 
13600 #ifndef _FTS5_H
13601 #define _FTS5_H
13602 
13603 
13604 #ifdef __cplusplus
13605 extern "C" {
13606 #endif
13607 
13608 /*************************************************************************
13609 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
13610 **
13611 ** Virtual table implementations may overload SQL functions by implementing
13612 ** the sqlite3_module.xFindFunction() method.
13613 */
13614 
13615 typedef struct Fts5ExtensionApi Fts5ExtensionApi;
13616 typedef struct Fts5Context Fts5Context;
13617 typedef struct Fts5PhraseIter Fts5PhraseIter;
13618 
13619 typedef void (*fts5_extension_function)(
13620   const Fts5ExtensionApi *pApi,   /* API offered by current FTS version */
13621   Fts5Context *pFts,              /* First arg to pass to pApi functions */
13622   sqlite3_context *pCtx,          /* Context for returning result/error */
13623   int nVal,                       /* Number of values in apVal[] array */
13624   sqlite3_value **apVal           /* Array of trailing arguments */
13625 );
13626 
13627 struct Fts5PhraseIter {
13628   const unsigned char *a;
13629   const unsigned char *b;
13630 };
13631 
13632 /*
13633 ** EXTENSION API FUNCTIONS
13634 **
13635 ** xUserData(pFts):
13636 **   Return a copy of the pUserData pointer passed to the xCreateFunction()
13637 **   API when the extension function was registered.
13638 **
13639 ** xColumnTotalSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
13640 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
13641 **   to the total number of tokens in the FTS5 table. Or, if iCol is
13642 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, return
13643 **   the total number of tokens in column iCol, considering all rows in
13644 **   the FTS5 table.
13645 **
13646 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
13647 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
13648 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
13649 **   returned.
13650 **
13651 ** xColumnCount(pFts):
13652 **   Return the number of columns in the table.
13653 **
13654 ** xColumnSize(pFts, iCol, pnToken):
13655 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, set output variable *pnToken
13656 **   to the total number of tokens in the current row. Or, if iCol is
13657 **   non-negative but less than the number of columns in the table, set
13658 **   *pnToken to the number of tokens in column iCol of the current row.
13659 **
13660 **   If parameter iCol is greater than or equal to the number of columns
13661 **   in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned. Or, if an error occurs (e.g.
13662 **   an OOM condition or IO error), an appropriate SQLite error code is
13663 **   returned.
13664 **
13665 **   This function may be quite inefficient if used with an FTS5 table
13666 **   created with the "columnsize=0" option.
13667 **
13668 ** xColumnText:
13669 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, or greater than or equal to the
13670 **   number of columns in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned.
13671 **
13672 **   Otherwise, this function attempts to retrieve the text of column iCol of
13673 **   the current document. If successful, (*pz) is set to point to a buffer
13674 **   containing the text in utf-8 encoding, (*pn) is set to the size in bytes
13675 **   (not characters) of the buffer and SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise,
13676 **   if an error occurs, an SQLite error code is returned and the final values
13677 **   of (*pz) and (*pn) are undefined.
13678 **
13679 ** xPhraseCount:
13680 **   Returns the number of phrases in the current query expression.
13681 **
13682 ** xPhraseSize:
13683 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, or greater than or equal to the
13684 **   number of phrases in the current query, as returned by xPhraseCount,
13685 **   0 is returned. Otherwise, this function returns the number of tokens in
13686 **   phrase iPhrase of the query. Phrases are numbered starting from zero.
13687 **
13688 ** xInstCount:
13689 **   Set *pnInst to the total number of occurrences of all phrases within
13690 **   the query within the current row. Return SQLITE_OK if successful, or
13691 **   an error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
13692 **
13693 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
13694 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
13695 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
13696 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always returns 0.
13697 **
13698 ** xInst:
13699 **   Query for the details of phrase match iIdx within the current row.
13700 **   Phrase matches are numbered starting from zero, so the iIdx argument
13701 **   should be greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the value
13702 **   output by xInstCount(). If iIdx is less than zero or greater than
13703 **   or equal to the value returned by xInstCount(), SQLITE_RANGE is returned.
13704 **
13705 **   Otherwise, output parameter *piPhrase is set to the phrase number, *piCol
13706 **   to the column in which it occurs and *piOff the token offset of the
13707 **   first token of the phrase. SQLITE_OK is returned if successful, or an
13708 **   error code (i.e. SQLITE_NOMEM) if an error occurs.
13709 **
13710 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
13711 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
13712 **
13713 ** xRowid:
13714 **   Returns the rowid of the current row.
13715 **
13716 ** xTokenize:
13717 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table.
13718 **
13719 ** xQueryPhrase(pFts5, iPhrase, pUserData, xCallback):
13720 **   This API function is used to query the FTS table for phrase iPhrase
13721 **   of the current query. Specifically, a query equivalent to:
13722 **
13723 **       ... FROM ftstable WHERE ftstable MATCH $p ORDER BY rowid
13724 **
13725 **   with $p set to a phrase equivalent to the phrase iPhrase of the
13726 **   current query is executed. Any column filter that applies to
13727 **   phrase iPhrase of the current query is included in $p. For each
13728 **   row visited, the callback function passed as the fourth argument
13729 **   is invoked. The context and API objects passed to the callback
13730 **   function may be used to access the properties of each matched row.
13731 **   Invoking Api.xUserData() returns a copy of the pointer passed as
13732 **   the third argument to pUserData.
13733 **
13734 **   If parameter iPhrase is less than zero, or greater than or equal to
13735 **   the number of phrases in the query, as returned by xPhraseCount(),
13736 **   this function returns SQLITE_RANGE.
13737 **
13738 **   If the callback function returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, the
13739 **   query is abandoned and the xQueryPhrase function returns immediately.
13740 **   If the returned value is SQLITE_DONE, xQueryPhrase returns SQLITE_OK.
13741 **   Otherwise, the error code is propagated upwards.
13742 **
13743 **   If the query runs to completion without incident, SQLITE_OK is returned.
13744 **   Or, if some error occurs before the query completes or is aborted by
13745 **   the callback, an SQLite error code is returned.
13746 **
13747 **
13748 ** xSetAuxdata(pFts5, pAux, xDelete)
13749 **
13750 **   Save the pointer passed as the second argument as the extension function's
13751 **   "auxiliary data". The pointer may then be retrieved by the current or any
13752 **   future invocation of the same fts5 extension function made as part of
13753 **   the same MATCH query using the xGetAuxdata() API.
13754 **
13755 **   Each extension function is allocated a single auxiliary data slot for
13756 **   each FTS query (MATCH expression). If the extension function is invoked
13757 **   more than once for a single FTS query, then all invocations share a
13758 **   single auxiliary data context.
13759 **
13760 **   If there is already an auxiliary data pointer when this function is
13761 **   invoked, then it is replaced by the new pointer. If an xDelete callback
13762 **   was specified along with the original pointer, it is invoked at this
13763 **   point.
13764 **
13765 **   The xDelete callback, if one is specified, is also invoked on the
13766 **   auxiliary data pointer after the FTS5 query has finished.
13767 **
13768 **   If an error (e.g. an OOM condition) occurs within this function,
13769 **   the auxiliary data is set to NULL and an error code returned. If the
13770 **   xDelete parameter was not NULL, it is invoked on the auxiliary data
13771 **   pointer before returning.
13772 **
13773 **
13774 ** xGetAuxdata(pFts5, bClear)
13775 **
13776 **   Returns the current auxiliary data pointer for the fts5 extension
13777 **   function. See the xSetAuxdata() method for details.
13778 **
13779 **   If the bClear argument is non-zero, then the auxiliary data is cleared
13780 **   (set to NULL) before this function returns. In this case the xDelete,
13781 **   if any, is not invoked.
13782 **
13783 **
13784 ** xRowCount(pFts5, pnRow)
13785 **
13786 **   This function is used to retrieve the total number of rows in the table.
13787 **   In other words, the same value that would be returned by:
13788 **
13789 **        SELECT count(*) FROM ftstable;
13790 **
13791 ** xPhraseFirst()
13792 **   This function is used, along with type Fts5PhraseIter and the xPhraseNext
13793 **   method, to iterate through all instances of a single query phrase within
13794 **   the current row. This is the same information as is accessible via the
13795 **   xInstCount/xInst APIs. While the xInstCount/xInst APIs are more convenient
13796 **   to use, this API may be faster under some circumstances. To iterate
13797 **   through instances of phrase iPhrase, use the following code:
13798 **
13799 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
13800 **       int iCol, iOff;
13801 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirst(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol, &iOff);
13802 **           iCol>=0;
13803 **           pApi->xPhraseNext(pFts, &iter, &iCol, &iOff)
13804 **       ){
13805 **         // An instance of phrase iPhrase at offset iOff of column iCol
13806 **       }
13807 **
13808 **   The Fts5PhraseIter structure is defined above. Applications should not
13809 **   modify this structure directly - it should only be used as shown above
13810 **   with the xPhraseFirst() and xPhraseNext() API methods (and by
13811 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() and xPhraseNextColumn() as illustrated below).
13812 **
13813 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
13814 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option. If the FTS5 table is created
13815 **   with either "detail=none" or "detail=column" and "content=" option
13816 **   (i.e. if it is a contentless table), then this API always iterates
13817 **   through an empty set (all calls to xPhraseFirst() set iCol to -1).
13818 **
13819 **   In all cases, matches are visited in (column ASC, offset ASC) order.
13820 **   i.e. all those in column 0, sorted by offset, followed by those in
13821 **   column 1, etc.
13822 **
13823 ** xPhraseNext()
13824 **   See xPhraseFirst above.
13825 **
13826 ** xPhraseFirstColumn()
13827 **   This function and xPhraseNextColumn() are similar to the xPhraseFirst()
13828 **   and xPhraseNext() APIs described above. The difference is that instead
13829 **   of iterating through all instances of a phrase in the current row, these
13830 **   APIs are used to iterate through the set of columns in the current row
13831 **   that contain one or more instances of a specified phrase. For example:
13832 **
13833 **       Fts5PhraseIter iter;
13834 **       int iCol;
13835 **       for(pApi->xPhraseFirstColumn(pFts, iPhrase, &iter, &iCol);
13836 **           iCol>=0;
13837 **           pApi->xPhraseNextColumn(pFts, &iter, &iCol)
13838 **       ){
13839 **         // Column iCol contains at least one instance of phrase iPhrase
13840 **       }
13841 **
13842 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
13843 **   "detail=none" option. If the FTS5 table is created with either
13844 **   "detail=none" "content=" option (i.e. if it is a contentless table),
13845 **   then this API always iterates through an empty set (all calls to
13846 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() set iCol to -1).
13847 **
13848 **   The information accessed using this API and its companion
13849 **   xPhraseFirstColumn() may also be obtained using xPhraseFirst/xPhraseNext
13850 **   (or xInst/xInstCount). The chief advantage of this API is that it is
13851 **   significantly more efficient than those alternatives when used with
13852 **   "detail=column" tables.
13853 **
13854 ** xPhraseNextColumn()
13855 **   See xPhraseFirstColumn above.
13856 **
13857 ** xQueryToken(pFts5, iPhrase, iToken, ppToken, pnToken)
13858 **   This is used to access token iToken of phrase iPhrase of the current
13859 **   query. Before returning, output parameter *ppToken is set to point
13860 **   to a buffer containing the requested token, and *pnToken to the
13861 **   size of this buffer in bytes.
13862 **
13863 **   If iPhrase or iToken are less than zero, or if iPhrase is greater than
13864 **   or equal to the number of phrases in the query as reported by
13865 **   xPhraseCount(), or if iToken is equal to or greater than the number of
13866 **   tokens in the phrase, SQLITE_RANGE is returned and *ppToken and *pnToken
13867      are both zeroed.
13868 **
13869 **   The output text is not a copy of the query text that specified the
13870 **   token. It is the output of the tokenizer module. For tokendata=1
13871 **   tables, this includes any embedded 0x00 and trailing data.
13872 **
13873 ** xInstToken(pFts5, iIdx, iToken, ppToken, pnToken)
13874 **   This is used to access token iToken of phrase hit iIdx within the
13875 **   current row. If iIdx is less than zero or greater than or equal to the
13876 **   value returned by xInstCount(), SQLITE_RANGE is returned.  Otherwise,
13877 **   output variable (*ppToken) is set to point to a buffer containing the
13878 **   matching document token, and (*pnToken) to the size of that buffer in
13879 **   bytes.
13880 **
13881 **   The output text is not a copy of the document text that was tokenized.
13882 **   It is the output of the tokenizer module. For tokendata=1 tables, this
13883 **   includes any embedded 0x00 and trailing data.
13884 **
13885 **   This API may be slow in some cases if the token identified by parameters
13886 **   iIdx and iToken matched a prefix token in the query. In most cases, the
13887 **   first call to this API for each prefix token in the query is forced
13888 **   to scan the portion of the full-text index that matches the prefix
13889 **   token to collect the extra data required by this API. If the prefix
13890 **   token matches a large number of token instances in the document set,
13891 **   this may be a performance problem.
13892 **
13893 **   If the user knows in advance that a query may use this API for a
13894 **   prefix token, FTS5 may be configured to collect all required data as part
13895 **   of the initial querying of the full-text index, avoiding the second scan
13896 **   entirely. This also causes prefix queries that do not use this API to
13897 **   run more slowly and use more memory. FTS5 may be configured in this way
13898 **   either on a per-table basis using the [FTS5 insttoken | 'insttoken']
13899 **   option, or on a per-query basis using the
13900 **   [fts5_insttoken | fts5_insttoken()] user function.
13901 **
13902 **   This API can be quite slow if used with an FTS5 table created with the
13903 **   "detail=none" or "detail=column" option.
13904 **
13905 ** xColumnLocale(pFts5, iIdx, pzLocale, pnLocale)
13906 **   If parameter iCol is less than zero, or greater than or equal to the
13907 **   number of columns in the table, SQLITE_RANGE is returned.
13908 **
13909 **   Otherwise, this function attempts to retrieve the locale associated
13910 **   with column iCol of the current row. Usually, there is no associated
13911 **   locale, and output parameters (*pzLocale) and (*pnLocale) are set
13912 **   to NULL and 0, respectively. However, if the fts5_locale() function
13913 **   was used to associate a locale with the value when it was inserted
13914 **   into the fts5 table, then (*pzLocale) is set to point to a nul-terminated
13915 **   buffer containing the name of the locale in utf-8 encoding. (*pnLocale)
13916 **   is set to the size in bytes of the buffer, not including the
13917 **   nul-terminator.
13918 **
13919 **   If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned. Or, if an error occurs, an
13920 **   SQLite error code is returned. The final value of the output parameters
13921 **   is undefined in this case.
13922 **
13923 ** xTokenize_v2:
13924 **   Tokenize text using the tokenizer belonging to the FTS5 table. This
13925 **   API is the same as the xTokenize() API, except that it allows a tokenizer
13926 **   locale to be specified.
13927 */
13928 struct Fts5ExtensionApi {
13929   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 4 */
13930 
13931   void *(*xUserData)(Fts5Context*);
13932 
13933   int (*xColumnCount)(Fts5Context*);
13934   int (*xRowCount)(Fts5Context*, sqlite3_int64 *pnRow);
13935   int (*xColumnTotalSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, sqlite3_int64 *pnToken);
13936 
13937   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Context*,
13938     const char *pText, int nText, /* Text to tokenize */
13939     void *pCtx,                   /* Context passed to xToken() */
13940     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
13941   );
13942 
13943   int (*xPhraseCount)(Fts5Context*);
13944   int (*xPhraseSize)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase);
13945 
13946   int (*xInstCount)(Fts5Context*, int *pnInst);
13947   int (*xInst)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int *piPhrase, int *piCol, int *piOff);
13948 
13949   sqlite3_int64 (*xRowid)(Fts5Context*);
13950   int (*xColumnText)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
13951   int (*xColumnSize)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, int *pnToken);
13952 
13953   int (*xQueryPhrase)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, void *pUserData,
13954     int(*)(const Fts5ExtensionApi*,Fts5Context*,void*)
13955   );
13956   int (*xSetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, void *pAux, void(*xDelete)(void*));
13957   void *(*xGetAuxdata)(Fts5Context*, int bClear);
13958 
13959   int (*xPhraseFirst)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*, int*);
13960   void (*xPhraseNext)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol, int *piOff);
13961 
13962   int (*xPhraseFirstColumn)(Fts5Context*, int iPhrase, Fts5PhraseIter*, int*);
13963   void (*xPhraseNextColumn)(Fts5Context*, Fts5PhraseIter*, int *piCol);
13964 
13965   /* Below this point are iVersion>=3 only */
13966   int (*xQueryToken)(Fts5Context*,
13967       int iPhrase, int iToken,
13968       const char **ppToken, int *pnToken
13969   );
13970   int (*xInstToken)(Fts5Context*, int iIdx, int iToken, const char**, int*);
13971 
13972   /* Below this point are iVersion>=4 only */
13973   int (*xColumnLocale)(Fts5Context*, int iCol, const char **pz, int *pn);
13974   int (*xTokenize_v2)(Fts5Context*,
13975     const char *pText, int nText,      /* Text to tokenize */
13976     const char *pLocale, int nLocale,  /* Locale to pass to tokenizer */
13977     void *pCtx,                        /* Context passed to xToken() */
13978     int (*xToken)(void*, int, const char*, int, int, int)       /* Callback */
13979   );
13980 };
13981 
13982 /*
13983 ** CUSTOM AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
13984 *************************************************************************/
13985 
13986 /*************************************************************************
13987 ** CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
13988 **
13989 ** Applications may also register custom tokenizer types. A tokenizer
13990 ** is registered by providing fts5 with a populated instance of the
13991 ** following structure. All structure methods must be defined, setting
13992 ** any member of the fts5_tokenizer struct to NULL leads to undefined
13993 ** behaviour. The structure methods are expected to function as follows:
13994 **
13995 ** xCreate:
13996 **   This function is used to allocate and initialize a tokenizer instance.
13997 **   A tokenizer instance is required to actually tokenize text.
13998 **
13999 **   The first argument passed to this function is a copy of the (void*)
14000 **   pointer provided by the application when the fts5_tokenizer_v2 object
14001 **   was registered with FTS5 (the third argument to xCreateTokenizer()).
14002 **   The second and third arguments are an array of nul-terminated strings
14003 **   containing the tokenizer arguments, if any, specified following the
14004 **   tokenizer name as part of the CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE statement used
14005 **   to create the FTS5 table.
14006 **
14007 **   The final argument is an output variable. If successful, (*ppOut)
14008 **   should be set to point to the new tokenizer handle and SQLITE_OK
14009 **   returned. If an error occurs, some value other than SQLITE_OK should
14010 **   be returned. In this case, fts5 assumes that the final value of *ppOut
14011 **   is undefined.
14012 **
14013 ** xDelete:
14014 **   This function is invoked to delete a tokenizer handle previously
14015 **   allocated using xCreate(). Fts5 guarantees that this function will
14016 **   be invoked exactly once for each successful call to xCreate().
14017 **
14018 ** xTokenize:
14019 **   This function is expected to tokenize the nText byte string indicated
14020 **   by argument pText. pText may or may not be nul-terminated. The first
14021 **   argument passed to this function is a pointer to an Fts5Tokenizer object
14022 **   returned by an earlier call to xCreate().
14023 **
14024 **   The third argument indicates the reason that FTS5 is requesting
14025 **   tokenization of the supplied text. This is always one of the following
14026 **   four values:
14027 **
14028 **   <ul><li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT</b> - A document is being inserted into
14029 **            or removed from the FTS table. The tokenizer is being invoked to
14030 **            determine the set of tokens to add to (or delete from) the
14031 **            FTS index.
14032 **
14033 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY</b> - A MATCH query is being executed
14034 **            against the FTS index. The tokenizer is being called to tokenize
14035 **            a bareword or quoted string specified as part of the query.
14036 **
14037 **       <li> <b>(FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY | FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX)</b> - Same as
14038 **            FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY, except that the bareword or quoted string is
14039 **            followed by a "*" character, indicating that the last token
14040 **            returned by the tokenizer will be treated as a token prefix.
14041 **
14042 **       <li> <b>FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX</b> - The tokenizer is being invoked to
14043 **            satisfy an fts5_api.xTokenize() request made by an auxiliary
14044 **            function. Or an fts5_api.xColumnSize() request made by the same
14045 **            on a columnsize=0 database.
14046 **   </ul>
14047 **
14048 **   The sixth and seventh arguments passed to xTokenize() - pLocale and
14049 **   nLocale - are a pointer to a buffer containing the locale to use for
14050 **   tokenization (e.g. "en_US") and its size in bytes, respectively. The
14051 **   pLocale buffer is not nul-terminated. pLocale may be passed NULL (in
14052 **   which case nLocale is always 0) to indicate that the tokenizer should
14053 **   use its default locale.
14054 **
14055 **   For each token in the input string, the supplied callback xToken() must
14056 **   be invoked. The first argument to it should be a copy of the pointer
14057 **   passed as the second argument to xTokenize(). The third and fourth
14058 **   arguments are a pointer to a buffer containing the token text, and the
14059 **   size of the token in bytes. The 4th and 5th arguments are the byte offsets
14060 **   of the first byte of and first byte immediately following the text from
14061 **   which the token is derived within the input.
14062 **
14063 **   The second argument passed to the xToken() callback ("tflags") should
14064 **   normally be set to 0. The exception is if the tokenizer supports
14065 **   synonyms. In this case see the discussion below for details.
14066 **
14067 **   FTS5 assumes the xToken() callback is invoked for each token in the
14068 **   order that they occur within the input text.
14069 **
14070 **   If an xToken() callback returns any value other than SQLITE_OK, then
14071 **   the tokenization should be abandoned and the xTokenize() method should
14072 **   immediately return a copy of the xToken() return value. Or, if the
14073 **   input buffer is exhausted, xTokenize() should return SQLITE_OK. Finally,
14074 **   if an error occurs with the xTokenize() implementation itself, it
14075 **   may abandon the tokenization and return any error code other than
14076 **   SQLITE_OK or SQLITE_DONE.
14077 **
14078 **   If the tokenizer is registered using an fts5_tokenizer_v2 object,
14079 **   then the xTokenize() method has two additional arguments - pLocale
14080 **   and nLocale. These specify the locale that the tokenizer should use
14081 **   for the current request. If pLocale and nLocale are both 0, then the
14082 **   tokenizer should use its default locale. Otherwise, pLocale points to
14083 **   an nLocale byte buffer containing the name of the locale to use as utf-8
14084 **   text. pLocale is not nul-terminated.
14085 **
14086 ** FTS5_TOKENIZER
14087 **
14088 ** There is also an fts5_tokenizer object. This is an older, deprecated,
14089 ** version of fts5_tokenizer_v2. It is similar except that:
14090 **
14091 **  <ul>
14092 **    <li> There is no "iVersion" field, and
14093 **    <li> The xTokenize() method does not take a locale argument.
14094 **  </ul>
14095 **
14096 ** Legacy fts5_tokenizer tokenizers must be registered using the
14097 ** legacy xCreateTokenizer() function, instead of xCreateTokenizer_v2().
14098 **
14099 ** Tokenizer implementations registered using either API may be retrieved
14100 ** using both xFindTokenizer() and xFindTokenizer_v2().
14101 **
14102 ** SYNONYM SUPPORT
14103 **
14104 **   Custom tokenizers may also support synonyms. Consider a case in which a
14105 **   user wishes to query for a phrase such as "first place". Using the
14106 **   built-in tokenizers, the FTS5 query 'first + place' will match instances
14107 **   of "first place" within the document set, but not alternative forms
14108 **   such as "1st place". In some applications, it would be better to match
14109 **   all instances of "first place" or "1st place" regardless of which form
14110 **   the user specified in the MATCH query text.
14111 **
14112 **   There are several ways to approach this in FTS5:
14113 **
14114 **   <ol><li> By mapping all synonyms to a single token. In this case, using
14115 **            the above example, this means that the tokenizer returns the
14116 **            same token for inputs "first" and "1st". Say that token is in
14117 **            fact "first", so that when the user inserts the document "I won
14118 **            1st place" entries are added to the index for tokens "i", "won",
14119 **            "first" and "place". If the user then queries for '1st + place',
14120 **            the tokenizer substitutes "first" for "1st" and the query works
14121 **            as expected.
14122 **
14123 **       <li> By querying the index for all synonyms of each query term
14124 **            separately. In this case, when tokenizing query text, the
14125 **            tokenizer may provide multiple synonyms for a single term
14126 **            within the document. FTS5 then queries the index for each
14127 **            synonym individually. For example, faced with the query:
14128 **
14129 **   <codeblock>
14130 **     ... MATCH 'first place'</codeblock>
14131 **
14132 **            the tokenizer offers both "1st" and "first" as synonyms for the
14133 **            first token in the MATCH query and FTS5 effectively runs a query
14134 **            similar to:
14135 **
14136 **   <codeblock>
14137 **     ... MATCH '(first OR 1st) place'</codeblock>
14138 **
14139 **            except that, for the purposes of auxiliary functions, the query
14140 **            still appears to contain just two phrases - "(first OR 1st)"
14141 **            being treated as a single phrase.
14142 **
14143 **       <li> By adding multiple synonyms for a single term to the FTS index.
14144 **            Using this method, when tokenizing document text, the tokenizer
14145 **            provides multiple synonyms for each token. So that when a
14146 **            document such as "I won first place" is tokenized, entries are
14147 **            added to the FTS index for "i", "won", "first", "1st" and
14148 **            "place".
14149 **
14150 **            This way, even if the tokenizer does not provide synonyms
14151 **            when tokenizing query text (it should not - to do so would be
14152 **            inefficient), it doesn't matter if the user queries for
14153 **            'first + place' or '1st + place', as there are entries in the
14154 **            FTS index corresponding to both forms of the first token.
14155 **   </ol>
14156 **
14157 **   Whether it is parsing document or query text, any call to xToken that
14158 **   specifies a <i>tflags</i> argument with the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED bit
14159 **   is considered to supply a synonym for the previous token. For example,
14160 **   when parsing the document "I won first place", a tokenizer that supports
14161 **   synonyms would call xToken() 5 times, as follows:
14162 **
14163 **   <codeblock>
14164 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "i",                      1,  0,  1);
14165 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "won",                    3,  2,  5);
14166 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "first",                  5,  6, 11);
14167 **       xToken(pCtx, FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED, "1st", 3,  6, 11);
14168 **       xToken(pCtx, 0, "place",                  5, 12, 17);
14169 **</codeblock>
14170 **
14171 **   It is an error to specify the FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED flag the first time
14172 **   xToken() is called. Multiple synonyms may be specified for a single token
14173 **   by making multiple calls to xToken(FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED) in sequence.
14174 **   There is no limit to the number of synonyms that may be provided for a
14175 **   single token.
14176 **
14177 **   In many cases, method (1) above is the best approach. It does not add
14178 **   extra data to the FTS index or require FTS5 to query for multiple terms,
14179 **   so it is efficient in terms of disk space and query speed. However, it
14180 **   does not support prefix queries very well. If, as suggested above, the
14181 **   token "first" is substituted for "1st" by the tokenizer, then the query:
14182 **
14183 **   <codeblock>
14184 **     ... MATCH '1s*'</codeblock>
14185 **
14186 **   will not match documents that contain the token "1st" (as the tokenizer
14187 **   will probably not map "1s" to any prefix of "first").
14188 **
14189 **   For full prefix support, method (3) may be preferred. In this case,
14190 **   because the index contains entries for both "first" and "1st", prefix
14191 **   queries such as 'fi*' or '1s*' will match correctly. However, because
14192 **   extra entries are added to the FTS index, this method uses more space
14193 **   within the database.
14194 **
14195 **   Method (2) offers a midpoint between (1) and (3). Using this method,
14196 **   a query such as '1s*' will match documents that contain the literal
14197 **   token "1st", but not "first" (assuming the tokenizer is not able to
14198 **   provide synonyms for prefixes). However, a non-prefix query like '1st'
14199 **   will match against "1st" and "first". This method does not require
14200 **   extra disk space, as no extra entries are added to the FTS index.
14201 **   On the other hand, it may require more CPU cycles to run MATCH queries,
14202 **   as separate queries of the FTS index are required for each synonym.
14203 **
14204 **   When using methods (2) or (3), it is important that the tokenizer only
14205 **   provide synonyms when tokenizing document text (method (3)) or query
14206 **   text (method (2)), not both. Doing so will not cause any errors, but is
14207 **   inefficient.
14208 */
14209 typedef struct Fts5Tokenizer Fts5Tokenizer;
14210 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer_v2 fts5_tokenizer_v2;
14211 struct fts5_tokenizer_v2 {
14212   int iVersion;             /* Currently always 2 */
14213 
14214   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
14215   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
14216   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
14217       void *pCtx,
14218       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
14219       const char *pText, int nText,
14220       const char *pLocale, int nLocale,
14221       int (*xToken)(
14222         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
14223         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
14224         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
14225         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
14226         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
14227         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
14228       )
14229   );
14230 };
14231 
14232 /*
14233 ** New code should use the fts5_tokenizer_v2 type to define tokenizer
14234 ** implementations. The following type is included for legacy applications
14235 ** that still use it.
14236 */
14237 typedef struct fts5_tokenizer fts5_tokenizer;
14238 struct fts5_tokenizer {
14239   int (*xCreate)(void*, const char **azArg, int nArg, Fts5Tokenizer **ppOut);
14240   void (*xDelete)(Fts5Tokenizer*);
14241   int (*xTokenize)(Fts5Tokenizer*,
14242       void *pCtx,
14243       int flags,            /* Mask of FTS5_TOKENIZE_* flags */
14244       const char *pText, int nText,
14245       int (*xToken)(
14246         void *pCtx,         /* Copy of 2nd argument to xTokenize() */
14247         int tflags,         /* Mask of FTS5_TOKEN_* flags */
14248         const char *pToken, /* Pointer to buffer containing token */
14249         int nToken,         /* Size of token in bytes */
14250         int iStart,         /* Byte offset of token within input text */
14251         int iEnd            /* Byte offset of end of token within input text */
14252       )
14253   );
14254 };
14255 
14256 
14257 /* Flags that may be passed as the third argument to xTokenize() */
14258 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_QUERY     0x0001
14259 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_PREFIX    0x0002
14260 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_DOCUMENT  0x0004
14261 #define FTS5_TOKENIZE_AUX       0x0008
14262 
14263 /* Flags that may be passed by the tokenizer implementation back to FTS5
14264 ** as the third argument to the supplied xToken callback. */
14265 #define FTS5_TOKEN_COLOCATED    0x0001      /* Same position as prev. token */
14266 
14267 /*
14268 ** END OF CUSTOM TOKENIZERS
14269 *************************************************************************/
14270 
14271 /*************************************************************************
14272 ** FTS5 EXTENSION REGISTRATION API
14273 */
14274 typedef struct fts5_api fts5_api;
14275 struct fts5_api {
14276   int iVersion;                   /* Currently always set to 3 */
14277 
14278   /* Create a new tokenizer */
14279   int (*xCreateTokenizer)(
14280     fts5_api *pApi,
14281     const char *zName,
14282     void *pUserData,
14283     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer,
14284     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
14285   );
14286 
14287   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
14288   int (*xFindTokenizer)(
14289     fts5_api *pApi,
14290     const char *zName,
14291     void **ppUserData,
14292     fts5_tokenizer *pTokenizer
14293   );
14294 
14295   /* Create a new auxiliary function */
14296   int (*xCreateFunction)(
14297     fts5_api *pApi,
14298     const char *zName,
14299     void *pUserData,
14300     fts5_extension_function xFunction,
14301     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
14302   );
14303 
14304   /* APIs below this point are only available if iVersion>=3 */
14305 
14306   /* Create a new tokenizer */
14307   int (*xCreateTokenizer_v2)(
14308     fts5_api *pApi,
14309     const char *zName,
14310     void *pUserData,
14311     fts5_tokenizer_v2 *pTokenizer,
14312     void (*xDestroy)(void*)
14313   );
14314 
14315   /* Find an existing tokenizer */
14316   int (*xFindTokenizer_v2)(
14317     fts5_api *pApi,
14318     const char *zName,
14319     void **ppUserData,
14320     fts5_tokenizer_v2 **ppTokenizer
14321   );
14322 };
14323 
14324 /*
14325 ** END OF REGISTRATION API
14326 *************************************************************************/
14327 
14328 #ifdef __cplusplus
14329 }  /* end of the 'extern "C"' block */
14330 #endif
14331 
14332 #endif /* _FTS5_H */
14333 
14334 /******** End of fts5.h *********/
14335 #endif /* SQLITE3_H */
14336