xref: /freebsd/contrib/openpam/lib/libpam/openpam_readword.c (revision d8a0fe102c0cfdfcd5b818f850eff09d8536c9bc)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2012-2017 Dag-Erling Smørgrav
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
14  *    products derived from this software without specific prior written
15  *    permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  *
29  * $OpenPAM: openpam_readword.c 938 2017-04-30 21:34:42Z des $
30  */
31 
32 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
33 # include "config.h"
34 #endif
35 
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 
40 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
41 
42 #include "openpam_impl.h"
43 #include "openpam_ctype.h"
44 
45 #define MIN_WORD_SIZE	32
46 
47 /*
48  * OpenPAM extension
49  *
50  * Read a word from a file, respecting shell quoting rules.
51  */
52 
53 char *
54 openpam_readword(FILE *f, int *lineno, size_t *lenp)
55 {
56 	char *word;
57 	size_t size, len;
58 	int ch, escape, quote;
59 	int serrno;
60 
61 	errno = 0;
62 
63 	/* skip initial whitespace */
64 	escape = quote = 0;
65 	while ((ch = getc(f)) != EOF) {
66 		if (ch == '\n') {
67 			/* either EOL or line continuation */
68 			if (!escape)
69 				break;
70 			if (lineno != NULL)
71 				++*lineno;
72 			escape = 0;
73 		} else if (escape) {
74 			/* escaped something else */
75 			break;
76 		} else if (ch == '#') {
77 			/* comment: until EOL, no continuation */
78 			while ((ch = getc(f)) != EOF)
79 				if (ch == '\n')
80 					break;
81 			break;
82 		} else if (ch == '\\') {
83 			escape = 1;
84 		} else if (!is_ws(ch)) {
85 			break;
86 		}
87 	}
88 	if (ch == EOF)
89 		return (NULL);
90 	ungetc(ch, f);
91 	if (ch == '\n')
92 		return (NULL);
93 
94 	word = NULL;
95 	size = len = 0;
96 	while ((ch = fgetc(f)) != EOF && (!is_ws(ch) || quote || escape)) {
97 		if (ch == '\\' && !escape && quote != '\'') {
98 			/* escape next character */
99 			escape = ch;
100 		} else if ((ch == '\'' || ch == '"') && !quote && !escape) {
101 			/* begin quote */
102 			quote = ch;
103 			/* edge case: empty quoted string */
104 			if (openpam_straddch(&word, &size, &len, 0) != 0)
105 				return (NULL);
106 		} else if (ch == quote && !escape) {
107 			/* end quote */
108 			quote = 0;
109 		} else if (ch == '\n' && escape) {
110 			/* line continuation */
111 			escape = 0;
112 		} else {
113 			if (escape && quote && ch != '\\' && ch != quote &&
114 			    openpam_straddch(&word, &size, &len, '\\') != 0) {
115 				free(word);
116 				errno = ENOMEM;
117 				return (NULL);
118 			}
119 			if (openpam_straddch(&word, &size, &len, ch) != 0) {
120 				free(word);
121 				errno = ENOMEM;
122 				return (NULL);
123 			}
124 			escape = 0;
125 		}
126 		if (lineno != NULL && ch == '\n')
127 			++*lineno;
128 	}
129 	if (ch == EOF && ferror(f)) {
130 		serrno = errno;
131 		free(word);
132 		errno = serrno;
133 		return (NULL);
134 	}
135 	if (ch == EOF && (escape || quote)) {
136 		/* Missing escaped character or closing quote. */
137 		openpam_log(PAM_LOG_DEBUG, "unexpected end of file");
138 		free(word);
139 		errno = EINVAL;
140 		return (NULL);
141 	}
142 	ungetc(ch, f);
143 	if (lenp != NULL)
144 		*lenp = len;
145 	return (word);
146 }
147 
148 /**
149  * The =openpam_readword function reads the next word from a file, and
150  * returns it in a NUL-terminated buffer allocated with =!malloc.
151  *
152  * A word is a sequence of non-whitespace characters.
153  * However, whitespace characters can be included in a word if quoted or
154  * escaped according to the following rules:
155  *
156  *  - An unescaped single or double quote introduces a quoted string,
157  *    which ends when the same quote character is encountered a second
158  *    time.
159  *    The quotes themselves are stripped.
160  *
161  *  - Within a single- or double-quoted string, all whitespace characters,
162  *    including the newline character, are preserved as-is.
163  *
164  *  - Outside a quoted string, a backslash escapes the next character,
165  *    which is preserved as-is, unless that character is a newline, in
166  *    which case it is discarded and reading continues at the beginning of
167  *    the next line as if the backslash and newline had not been there.
168  *    In all cases, the backslash itself is discarded.
169  *
170  *  - Within a single-quoted string, double quotes and backslashes are
171  *    preserved as-is.
172  *
173  *  - Within a double-quoted string, a single quote is preserved as-is,
174  *    and a backslash is preserved as-is unless used to escape a double
175  *    quote.
176  *
177  * In addition, if the first non-whitespace character on the line is a
178  * hash character (#), the rest of the line is discarded.
179  * If a hash character occurs within a word, however, it is preserved
180  * as-is.
181  * A backslash at the end of a comment does cause line continuation.
182  *
183  * If =lineno is not =NULL, the integer variable it points to is
184  * incremented every time a quoted or escaped newline character is read.
185  *
186  * If =lenp is not =NULL, the length of the word (after quotes and
187  * backslashes have been removed) is stored in the variable it points to.
188  *
189  * RETURN VALUES
190  *
191  * If successful, the =openpam_readword function returns a pointer to a
192  * dynamically allocated NUL-terminated string containing the first word
193  * encountered on the line.
194  *
195  * The caller is responsible for releasing the returned buffer by passing
196  * it to =!free.
197  *
198  * If =openpam_readword reaches the end of the line or file before any
199  * characters are copied to the word, it returns =NULL.  In the former
200  * case, the newline is pushed back to the file.
201  *
202  * If =openpam_readword reaches the end of the file while a quote or
203  * backslash escape is in effect, it sets :errno to =EINVAL and returns
204  * =NULL.
205  *
206  * IMPLEMENTATION NOTES
207  *
208  * The parsing rules are intended to be equivalent to the normal POSIX
209  * shell quoting rules.
210  * Any discrepancy is a bug and should be reported to the author along
211  * with sample input that can be used to reproduce the error.
212  *
213  * >openpam_readline
214  * >openpam_readlinev
215  *
216  * AUTHOR DES
217  */
218