xref: /freebsd/contrib/ntp/libntp/systime.c (revision 86c9d9918f1db7cdd968b60f8902466887bcd9e9)
1 /*
2  * systime -- routines to fiddle a UNIX clock.
3  *
4  * ATTENTION: Get approval from Dave Mills on all changes to this file!
5  *
6  */
7 #include <config.h>
8 
9 #include "ntp.h"
10 #include "ntp_syslog.h"
11 #include "ntp_stdlib.h"
12 #include "ntp_random.h"
13 #include "iosignal.h"
14 #include "timevalops.h"
15 #include "timespecops.h"
16 #include "ntp_calendar.h"
17 
18 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_PARAM_H
19 # include <sys/param.h>
20 #endif
21 #ifdef HAVE_UTMP_H
22 # include <utmp.h>
23 #endif /* HAVE_UTMP_H */
24 #ifdef HAVE_UTMPX_H
25 # include <utmpx.h>
26 #endif /* HAVE_UTMPX_H */
27 
28 int	allow_panic = FALSE;		/* allow panic correction (-g) */
29 int	enable_panic_check = TRUE;	/* Can we check allow_panic's state? */
30 
31 #ifndef USE_COMPILETIME_PIVOT
32 # define USE_COMPILETIME_PIVOT 1
33 #endif
34 
35 /*
36  * These routines (get_systime, step_systime, adj_systime) implement an
37  * interface between the system independent NTP clock and the Unix
38  * system clock in various architectures and operating systems. Time is
39  * a precious quantity in these routines and every effort is made to
40  * minimize errors by unbiased rounding and amortizing adjustment
41  * residues.
42  *
43  * In order to improve the apparent resolution, provide unbiased
44  * rounding and most importantly ensure that the readings cannot be
45  * predicted, the low-order unused portion of the time below the minimum
46  * time to read the clock is filled with an unbiased random fuzz.
47  *
48  * The sys_tick variable specifies the system clock tick interval in
49  * seconds, for stepping clocks, defined as those which return times
50  * less than MINSTEP greater than the previous reading. For systems that
51  * use a high-resolution counter such that each clock reading is always
52  * at least MINSTEP greater than the prior, sys_tick is the time to read
53  * the system clock.
54  *
55  * The sys_fuzz variable measures the minimum time to read the system
56  * clock, regardless of its precision.  When reading the system clock
57  * using get_systime() after sys_tick and sys_fuzz have been determined,
58  * ntpd ensures each unprocessed clock reading is no less than sys_fuzz
59  * later than the prior unprocessed reading, and then fuzzes the bits
60  * below sys_fuzz in the timestamp returned, ensuring each of its
61  * resulting readings is strictly later than the previous.
62  *
63  * When slewing the system clock using adj_systime() (with the kernel
64  * loop discipline unavailable or disabled), adjtime() offsets are
65  * quantized to sys_tick, if sys_tick is greater than sys_fuzz, which
66  * is to say if the OS presents a stepping clock.  Otherwise, offsets
67  * are quantized to the microsecond resolution of adjtime()'s timeval
68  * input.  The remaining correction sys_residual is carried into the
69  * next adjtime() and meanwhile is also factored into get_systime()
70  * readings.
71  */
72 double	sys_tick = 0;		/* tick size or time to read (s) */
73 double	sys_fuzz = 0;		/* min. time to read the clock (s) */
74 long	sys_fuzz_nsec = 0;	/* min. time to read the clock (ns) */
75 double	measured_tick;		/* non-overridable sys_tick (s) */
76 double	sys_residual = 0;	/* adjustment residue (s) */
77 int	trunc_os_clock;		/* sys_tick > measured_tick */
78 time_stepped_callback	step_callback;
79 
80 #ifndef SIM
81 /* perlinger@ntp.org: As 'get_sysime()' does it's own check for clock
82  * backstepping, this could probably become a local variable in
83  * 'get_systime()' and the cruft associated with communicating via a
84  * static value could be removed after the v4.2.8 release.
85  */
86 static int lamport_violated;	/* clock was stepped back */
87 #endif	/* !SIM */
88 
89 #ifdef DEBUG
90 static int systime_init_done;
91 # define DONE_SYSTIME_INIT()	systime_init_done = TRUE
92 #else
93 # define DONE_SYSTIME_INIT()	do {} while (FALSE)
94 #endif
95 
96 #ifdef HAVE_SIGNALED_IO
97 int using_sigio;
98 #endif
99 
100 #ifdef SYS_WINNT
101 CRITICAL_SECTION get_systime_cs;
102 #endif
103 
104 
105 void
106 set_sys_fuzz(
107 	double	fuzz_val
108 	)
109 {
110 	sys_fuzz = fuzz_val;
111 	INSIST(sys_fuzz >= 0);
112 	INSIST(sys_fuzz <= 1.0);
113 	sys_fuzz_nsec = (long)(sys_fuzz * 1e9 + 0.5);
114 }
115 
116 
117 void
118 init_systime(void)
119 {
120 	INIT_GET_SYSTIME_CRITSEC();
121 	INIT_WIN_PRECISE_TIME();
122 	DONE_SYSTIME_INIT();
123 }
124 
125 
126 #ifndef SIM	/* ntpsim.c has get_systime() and friends for sim */
127 
128 static inline void
129 get_ostime(
130 	struct timespec *	tsp
131 	)
132 {
133 	int	rc;
134 	long	ticks;
135 
136 #if defined(HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME)
137 	rc = clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, tsp);
138 #elif defined(HAVE_GETCLOCK)
139 	rc = getclock(TIMEOFDAY, tsp);
140 #else
141 	struct timeval		tv;
142 
143 	rc = GETTIMEOFDAY(&tv, NULL);
144 	tsp->tv_sec = tv.tv_sec;
145 	tsp->tv_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
146 #endif
147 	if (rc < 0) {
148 		msyslog(LOG_ERR, "read system clock failed: %m (%d)",
149 			errno);
150 		exit(1);
151 	}
152 
153 	if (trunc_os_clock) {
154 		ticks = (long)((tsp->tv_nsec * 1e-9) / sys_tick);
155 		tsp->tv_nsec = (long)(ticks * 1e9 * sys_tick);
156 	}
157 }
158 
159 
160 /*
161  * get_systime - return system time in NTP timestamp format.
162  */
163 void
164 get_systime(
165 	l_fp *now		/* system time */
166 	)
167 {
168         static struct timespec  ts_last;        /* last sampled os time */
169 	static struct timespec	ts_prev;	/* prior os time */
170 	static l_fp		lfp_prev;	/* prior result */
171 	static double		dfuzz_prev;	/* prior fuzz */
172 	struct timespec ts;	/* seconds and nanoseconds */
173 	struct timespec ts_min;	/* earliest permissible */
174 	struct timespec ts_lam;	/* lamport fictional increment */
175 	struct timespec ts_prev_log;	/* for msyslog only */
176 	double	dfuzz;
177 	double	ddelta;
178 	l_fp	result;
179 	l_fp	lfpfuzz;
180 	l_fp	lfpdelta;
181 
182 	get_ostime(&ts);
183 	DEBUG_REQUIRE(systime_init_done);
184 	ENTER_GET_SYSTIME_CRITSEC();
185 
186         /* First check if here was a Lamport violation, that is, two
187          * successive calls to 'get_ostime()' resulted in negative
188          * time difference. Use a few milliseconds of permissible
189          * tolerance -- being too sharp can hurt here. (This is intented
190          * for the Win32 target, where the HPC interpolation might
191          * introduce small steps backward. It should not be an issue on
192          * systems where get_ostime() results in a true syscall.)
193          */
194         if (cmp_tspec(add_tspec_ns(ts, 50000000), ts_last) < 0)
195                 lamport_violated = 1;
196         ts_last = ts;
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * After default_get_precision() has set a nonzero sys_fuzz,
200 	 * ensure every reading of the OS clock advances by at least
201 	 * sys_fuzz over the prior reading, thereby assuring each
202 	 * fuzzed result is strictly later than the prior.  Limit the
203 	 * necessary fiction to 1 second.
204 	 */
205 	if (!USING_SIGIO()) {
206 		ts_min = add_tspec_ns(ts_prev, sys_fuzz_nsec);
207 		if (cmp_tspec(ts, ts_min) < 0) {
208 			ts_lam = sub_tspec(ts_min, ts);
209 			if (ts_lam.tv_sec > 0 && !lamport_violated) {
210 				msyslog(LOG_ERR,
211 					"get_systime Lamport advance exceeds one second (%.9f)",
212 					ts_lam.tv_sec +
213 					    1e-9 * ts_lam.tv_nsec);
214 				exit(1);
215 			}
216 			if (!lamport_violated)
217 				ts = ts_min;
218 		}
219 		ts_prev_log = ts_prev;
220 		ts_prev = ts;
221 	} else {
222 		/*
223 		 * Quiet "ts_prev_log.tv_sec may be used uninitialized"
224 		 * warning from x86 gcc 4.5.2.
225 		 */
226 		ZERO(ts_prev_log);
227 	}
228 
229 	/* convert from timespec to l_fp fixed-point */
230 	result = tspec_stamp_to_lfp(ts);
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * Add in the fuzz.
234 	 */
235 	dfuzz = ntp_random() * 2. / FRAC * sys_fuzz;
236 	DTOLFP(dfuzz, &lfpfuzz);
237 	L_ADD(&result, &lfpfuzz);
238 
239 	/*
240 	 * Ensure result is strictly greater than prior result (ignoring
241 	 * sys_residual's effect for now) once sys_fuzz has been
242 	 * determined.
243 	 */
244 	if (!USING_SIGIO()) {
245 		if (!L_ISZERO(&lfp_prev) && !lamport_violated) {
246 			if (!L_ISGTU(&result, &lfp_prev) &&
247 			    sys_fuzz > 0.) {
248 				msyslog(LOG_ERR, "ts_prev %s ts_min %s",
249 					tspectoa(ts_prev_log),
250 					tspectoa(ts_min));
251 				msyslog(LOG_ERR, "ts %s", tspectoa(ts));
252 				msyslog(LOG_ERR, "sys_fuzz %ld nsec, prior fuzz %.9f",
253 					sys_fuzz_nsec, dfuzz_prev);
254 				msyslog(LOG_ERR, "this fuzz %.9f",
255 					dfuzz);
256 				lfpdelta = lfp_prev;
257 				L_SUB(&lfpdelta, &result);
258 				LFPTOD(&lfpdelta, ddelta);
259 				msyslog(LOG_ERR,
260 					"prev get_systime 0x%x.%08x is %.9f later than 0x%x.%08x",
261 					lfp_prev.l_ui, lfp_prev.l_uf,
262 					ddelta, result.l_ui, result.l_uf);
263 			}
264 		}
265 		lfp_prev = result;
266 		dfuzz_prev = dfuzz;
267 		if (lamport_violated)
268 			lamport_violated = FALSE;
269 	}
270 	LEAVE_GET_SYSTIME_CRITSEC();
271 	*now = result;
272 }
273 
274 
275 /*
276  * adj_systime - adjust system time by the argument.
277  */
278 #if !defined SYS_WINNT
279 int				/* 0 okay, 1 error */
280 adj_systime(
281 	double now		/* adjustment (s) */
282 	)
283 {
284 	struct timeval adjtv;	/* new adjustment */
285 	struct timeval oadjtv;	/* residual adjustment */
286 	double	quant;		/* quantize to multiples of */
287 	double	dtemp;
288 	long	ticks;
289 	int	isneg = 0;
290 
291 	/*
292 	 * The Windows port adj_systime() depends on being called each
293 	 * second even when there's no additional correction, to allow
294 	 * emulation of adjtime() behavior on top of an API that simply
295 	 * sets the current rate.  This POSIX implementation needs to
296 	 * ignore invocations with zero correction, otherwise ongoing
297 	 * EVNT_NSET adjtime() can be aborted by a tiny adjtime()
298 	 * triggered by sys_residual.
299 	 */
300 	if (0. == now) {
301 		if (enable_panic_check && allow_panic) {
302 			msyslog(LOG_ERR, "adj_systime: allow_panic is TRUE!");
303 			INSIST(!allow_panic);
304 		}
305 		return TRUE;
306 	}
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * Most Unix adjtime() implementations adjust the system clock
310 	 * in microsecond quanta, but some adjust in 10-ms quanta. We
311 	 * carefully round the adjustment to the nearest quantum, then
312 	 * adjust in quanta and keep the residue for later.
313 	 */
314 	dtemp = now + sys_residual;
315 	if (dtemp < 0) {
316 		isneg = 1;
317 		dtemp = -dtemp;
318 	}
319 	adjtv.tv_sec = (long)dtemp;
320 	dtemp -= adjtv.tv_sec;
321 	if (sys_tick > sys_fuzz)
322 		quant = sys_tick;
323 	else
324 		quant = 1e-6;
325 	ticks = (long)(dtemp / quant + .5);
326 	adjtv.tv_usec = (long)(ticks * quant * 1.e6 + .5);
327 	/* The rounding in the conversions could us push over the
328 	 * limits: make sure the result is properly normalised!
329 	 * note: sign comes later, all numbers non-negative here.
330 	 */
331 	if (adjtv.tv_usec >= 1000000) {
332 		adjtv.tv_sec  += 1;
333 		adjtv.tv_usec -= 1000000;
334 		dtemp         -= 1.;
335 	}
336 	/* set the new residual with leftover from correction */
337 	sys_residual = dtemp - adjtv.tv_usec * 1.e-6;
338 
339 	/*
340 	 * Convert to signed seconds and microseconds for the Unix
341 	 * adjtime() system call. Note we purposely lose the adjtime()
342 	 * leftover.
343 	 */
344 	if (isneg) {
345 		adjtv.tv_sec = -adjtv.tv_sec;
346 		adjtv.tv_usec = -adjtv.tv_usec;
347 		sys_residual = -sys_residual;
348 	}
349 	if (adjtv.tv_sec != 0 || adjtv.tv_usec != 0) {
350 		if (adjtime(&adjtv, &oadjtv) < 0) {
351 			msyslog(LOG_ERR, "adj_systime: %m");
352 			if (enable_panic_check && allow_panic) {
353 				msyslog(LOG_ERR, "adj_systime: allow_panic is TRUE!");
354 			}
355 			return FALSE;
356 		}
357 	}
358 	if (enable_panic_check && allow_panic) {
359 		msyslog(LOG_ERR, "adj_systime: allow_panic is TRUE!");
360 	}
361 	return TRUE;
362 }
363 #endif
364 
365 
366 /*
367  * step_systime - step the system clock.
368  */
369 
370 int
371 step_systime(
372 	double step
373 	)
374 {
375 	time_t pivot; /* for ntp era unfolding */
376 	struct timeval timetv, tvlast, tvdiff;
377 	struct timespec timets;
378 	struct calendar jd;
379 	l_fp fp_ofs, fp_sys; /* offset and target system time in FP */
380 
381 	/*
382 	 * Get pivot time for NTP era unfolding. Since we don't step
383 	 * very often, we can afford to do the whole calculation from
384 	 * scratch. And we're not in the time-critical path yet.
385 	 */
386 #if SIZEOF_TIME_T > 4
387 	/*
388 	 * This code makes sure the resulting time stamp for the new
389 	 * system time is in the 2^32 seconds starting at 1970-01-01,
390 	 * 00:00:00 UTC.
391 	 */
392 	pivot = 0x80000000;
393 #if USE_COMPILETIME_PIVOT
394 	/*
395 	 * Add the compile time minus 10 years to get a possible target
396 	 * area of (compile time - 10 years) to (compile time + 126
397 	 * years).  This should be sufficient for a given binary of
398 	 * NTPD.
399 	 */
400 	if (ntpcal_get_build_date(&jd)) {
401 		jd.year -= 10;
402 		pivot += ntpcal_date_to_time(&jd);
403 	} else {
404 		msyslog(LOG_ERR,
405 			"step-systime: assume 1970-01-01 as build date");
406 	}
407 #else
408 	UNUSED_LOCAL(jd);
409 #endif /* USE_COMPILETIME_PIVOT */
410 #else
411 	UNUSED_LOCAL(jd);
412 	/* This makes sure the resulting time stamp is on or after
413 	 * 1969-12-31/23:59:59 UTC and gives us additional two years,
414 	 * from the change of NTP era in 2036 to the UNIX rollover in
415 	 * 2038. (Minus one second, but that won't hurt.) We *really*
416 	 * need a longer 'time_t' after that!  Or a different baseline,
417 	 * but that would cause other serious trouble, too.
418 	 */
419 	pivot = 0x7FFFFFFF;
420 #endif
421 
422 	/* get the complete jump distance as l_fp */
423 	DTOLFP(sys_residual, &fp_sys);
424 	DTOLFP(step,         &fp_ofs);
425 	L_ADD(&fp_ofs, &fp_sys);
426 
427 	/* ---> time-critical path starts ---> */
428 
429 	/* get the current time as l_fp (without fuzz) and as struct timeval */
430 	get_ostime(&timets);
431 	fp_sys = tspec_stamp_to_lfp(timets);
432 	tvlast.tv_sec = timets.tv_sec;
433 	tvlast.tv_usec = (timets.tv_nsec + 500) / 1000;
434 
435 	/* get the target time as l_fp */
436 	L_ADD(&fp_sys, &fp_ofs);
437 
438 	/* unfold the new system time */
439 	timetv = lfp_stamp_to_tval(fp_sys, &pivot);
440 
441 	/* now set new system time */
442 	if (ntp_set_tod(&timetv, NULL) != 0) {
443 		msyslog(LOG_ERR, "step-systime: %m");
444 		if (enable_panic_check && allow_panic) {
445 			msyslog(LOG_ERR, "step_systime: allow_panic is TRUE!");
446 		}
447 		return FALSE;
448 	}
449 
450 	/* <--- time-critical path ended with 'ntp_set_tod()' <--- */
451 
452 	sys_residual = 0;
453 	lamport_violated = (step < 0);
454 	if (step_callback)
455 		(*step_callback)();
456 
457 #ifdef NEED_HPUX_ADJTIME
458 	/*
459 	 * CHECKME: is this correct when called by ntpdate?????
460 	 */
461 	_clear_adjtime();
462 #endif
463 
464 	/*
465 	 * FreeBSD, for example, has:
466 	 * struct utmp {
467 	 *	   char    ut_line[UT_LINESIZE];
468 	 *	   char    ut_name[UT_NAMESIZE];
469 	 *	   char    ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE];
470 	 *	   long    ut_time;
471 	 * };
472 	 * and appends line="|", name="date", host="", time for the OLD
473 	 * and appends line="{", name="date", host="", time for the NEW // }
474 	 * to _PATH_WTMP .
475 	 *
476 	 * Some OSes have utmp, some have utmpx.
477 	 */
478 
479 	/*
480 	 * Write old and new time entries in utmp and wtmp if step
481 	 * adjustment is greater than one second.
482 	 *
483 	 * This might become even Uglier...
484 	 */
485 	tvdiff = abs_tval(sub_tval(timetv, tvlast));
486 	if (tvdiff.tv_sec > 0) {
487 #ifdef HAVE_UTMP_H
488 		struct utmp ut;
489 #endif
490 #ifdef HAVE_UTMPX_H
491 		struct utmpx utx;
492 #endif
493 
494 #ifdef HAVE_UTMP_H
495 		ZERO(ut);
496 #endif
497 #ifdef HAVE_UTMPX_H
498 		ZERO(utx);
499 #endif
500 
501 		/* UTMP */
502 
503 #ifdef UPDATE_UTMP
504 # ifdef HAVE_PUTUTLINE
505 #  ifndef _PATH_UTMP
506 #   define _PATH_UTMP UTMP_FILE
507 #  endif
508 		utmpname(_PATH_UTMP);
509 		ut.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
510 		strlcpy(ut.ut_line, OTIME_MSG, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
511 		ut.ut_time = tvlast.tv_sec;
512 		setutent();
513 		pututline(&ut);
514 		ut.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
515 		strlcpy(ut.ut_line, NTIME_MSG, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
516 		ut.ut_time = timetv.tv_sec;
517 		setutent();
518 		pututline(&ut);
519 		endutent();
520 # else /* not HAVE_PUTUTLINE */
521 # endif /* not HAVE_PUTUTLINE */
522 #endif /* UPDATE_UTMP */
523 
524 		/* UTMPX */
525 
526 #ifdef UPDATE_UTMPX
527 # ifdef HAVE_PUTUTXLINE
528 		utx.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
529 		strlcpy(utx.ut_line, OTIME_MSG, sizeof(utx.ut_line));
530 		utx.ut_tv = tvlast;
531 		setutxent();
532 		pututxline(&utx);
533 		utx.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
534 		strlcpy(utx.ut_line, NTIME_MSG, sizeof(utx.ut_line));
535 		utx.ut_tv = timetv;
536 		setutxent();
537 		pututxline(&utx);
538 		endutxent();
539 # else /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
540 # endif /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
541 #endif /* UPDATE_UTMPX */
542 
543 		/* WTMP */
544 
545 #ifdef UPDATE_WTMP
546 # ifdef HAVE_PUTUTLINE
547 #  ifndef _PATH_WTMP
548 #   define _PATH_WTMP WTMP_FILE
549 #  endif
550 		utmpname(_PATH_WTMP);
551 		ut.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
552 		strlcpy(ut.ut_line, OTIME_MSG, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
553 		ut.ut_time = tvlast.tv_sec;
554 		setutent();
555 		pututline(&ut);
556 		ut.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
557 		strlcpy(ut.ut_line, NTIME_MSG, sizeof(ut.ut_line));
558 		ut.ut_time = timetv.tv_sec;
559 		setutent();
560 		pututline(&ut);
561 		endutent();
562 # else /* not HAVE_PUTUTLINE */
563 # endif /* not HAVE_PUTUTLINE */
564 #endif /* UPDATE_WTMP */
565 
566 		/* WTMPX */
567 
568 #ifdef UPDATE_WTMPX
569 # ifdef HAVE_PUTUTXLINE
570 		utx.ut_type = OLD_TIME;
571 		utx.ut_tv = tvlast;
572 		strlcpy(utx.ut_line, OTIME_MSG, sizeof(utx.ut_line));
573 #  ifdef HAVE_UPDWTMPX
574 		updwtmpx(WTMPX_FILE, &utx);
575 #  else /* not HAVE_UPDWTMPX */
576 #  endif /* not HAVE_UPDWTMPX */
577 # else /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
578 # endif /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
579 # ifdef HAVE_PUTUTXLINE
580 		utx.ut_type = NEW_TIME;
581 		utx.ut_tv = timetv;
582 		strlcpy(utx.ut_line, NTIME_MSG, sizeof(utx.ut_line));
583 #  ifdef HAVE_UPDWTMPX
584 		updwtmpx(WTMPX_FILE, &utx);
585 #  else /* not HAVE_UPDWTMPX */
586 #  endif /* not HAVE_UPDWTMPX */
587 # else /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
588 # endif /* not HAVE_PUTUTXLINE */
589 #endif /* UPDATE_WTMPX */
590 
591 	}
592 	if (enable_panic_check && allow_panic) {
593 		msyslog(LOG_ERR, "step_systime: allow_panic is TRUE!");
594 		INSIST(!allow_panic);
595 	}
596 	return TRUE;
597 }
598 
599 #endif	/* !SIM */
600