xref: /freebsd/contrib/netcat/netcat.c (revision af23369a6deaaeb612ab266eb88b8bb8d560c322)
1 /* $OpenBSD: netcat.c,v 1.130 2015/07/26 19:12:28 chl Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2001 Eric Jackson <ericj@monkey.org>
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 /*
32  * Re-written nc(1) for OpenBSD. Original implementation by
33  * *Hobbit* <hobbit@avian.org>.
34  */
35 
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <sys/arb.h>
39 #include <sys/limits.h>
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/sbuf.h>
42 #include <sys/socket.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <sys/qmath.h>
45 #include <sys/stats.h>
46 #include <sys/time.h>
47 #include <sys/uio.h>
48 #include <sys/un.h>
49 
50 #include <netinet/in.h>
51 #ifdef IPSEC
52 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
53 #endif
54 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
55 #include <netinet/ip.h>
56 #include <arpa/telnet.h>
57 
58 #include <err.h>
59 #include <getopt.h>
60 #include <fcntl.h>
61 #include <limits.h>
62 #include <netdb.h>
63 #include <poll.h>
64 #include <signal.h>
65 #include <stdarg.h>
66 #include <stdlib.h>
67 #include <string.h>
68 #include <unistd.h>
69 #include "atomicio.h"
70 
71 #ifndef SUN_LEN
72 #define SUN_LEN(su) \
73 	(sizeof(*(su)) - sizeof((su)->sun_path) + strlen((su)->sun_path))
74 #endif
75 
76 #define PORT_MAX	65535
77 #define PORT_MAX_LEN	6
78 #define UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE	19
79 
80 #define POLL_STDIN 0
81 #define POLL_NETOUT 1
82 #define POLL_NETIN 2
83 #define POLL_STDOUT 3
84 #define BUFSIZE 16384
85 
86 /* Command Line Options */
87 int	dflag;					/* detached, no stdin */
88 int	Fflag;					/* fdpass sock to stdout */
89 unsigned int iflag;				/* Interval Flag */
90 int	kflag;					/* More than one connect */
91 int	lflag;					/* Bind to local port */
92 int	FreeBSD_Mflag;				/* Measure using stats(3) */
93 int	Nflag;					/* shutdown() network socket */
94 int	nflag;					/* Don't do name look up */
95 int	FreeBSD_Oflag;				/* Do not use TCP options */
96 int	FreeBSD_sctp;				/* Use SCTP */
97 char   *Pflag;					/* Proxy username */
98 char   *pflag;					/* Localport flag */
99 int	rflag;					/* Random ports flag */
100 char   *sflag;					/* Source Address */
101 int	tflag;					/* Telnet Emulation */
102 int	uflag;					/* UDP - Default to TCP */
103 int	vflag;					/* Verbosity */
104 int	xflag;					/* Socks proxy */
105 int	zflag;					/* Port Scan Flag */
106 int	Dflag;					/* sodebug */
107 int	Iflag;					/* TCP receive buffer size */
108 int	Oflag;					/* TCP send buffer size */
109 int	Sflag;					/* TCP MD5 signature option */
110 int	Tflag = -1;				/* IP Type of Service */
111 int	rtableid = -1;
112 
113 int timeout = -1;
114 int family = AF_UNSPEC;
115 int tun_fd = -1;
116 char *portlist[PORT_MAX+1];
117 char *unix_dg_tmp_socket;
118 
119 void	atelnet(int, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
120 void	build_ports(char *);
121 void	help(void);
122 int	local_listen(char *, char *, struct addrinfo);
123 void	readwrite(int);
124 void	fdpass(int nfd) __attribute__((noreturn));
125 int	remote_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo);
126 int	timeout_connect(int, const struct sockaddr *, socklen_t);
127 int	socks_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo,
128 	    const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo, int, const char *);
129 int	udptest(int);
130 int	unix_bind(char *);
131 int	unix_connect(char *);
132 int	unix_listen(char *);
133 void	FreeBSD_stats_setup(int);
134 void	FreeBSD_stats_print(int);
135 void	set_common_sockopts(int, int);
136 int	map_tos(char *, int *);
137 void	report_connect(const struct sockaddr *, socklen_t);
138 void	usage(int);
139 ssize_t drainbuf(int, unsigned char *, size_t *);
140 ssize_t fillbuf(int, unsigned char *, size_t *);
141 
142 #ifdef IPSEC
143 void	add_ipsec_policy(int, int, char *);
144 
145 char	*ipsec_policy[2];
146 #endif
147 
148 enum {
149 	FREEBSD_TUN = CHAR_MAX,	/* avoid collision with return values from getopt */
150 };
151 
152 int
153 main(int argc, char *argv[])
154 {
155 	int ch, s, ret, socksv, ipsec_count;
156 	int numfibs;
157 	size_t intsize = sizeof(int);
158 	char *host, *uport;
159 	struct addrinfo hints;
160 	struct servent *sv;
161 	socklen_t len;
162 	struct sockaddr_storage cliaddr;
163 	char *proxy;
164 	const char *errstr, *proxyhost = "", *proxyport = NULL, *tundev = NULL;
165 	struct addrinfo proxyhints;
166 	char unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf[UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE];
167 	struct option longopts[] = {
168 		{ "no-tcpopt",	no_argument,	&FreeBSD_Oflag,	1 },
169 		{ "sctp",	no_argument,	&FreeBSD_sctp,	1 },
170 		{ "tun",	required_argument,	NULL,	FREEBSD_TUN },
171 		{ NULL,		0,		NULL,		0 }
172 	};
173 
174 	ret = 1;
175 	ipsec_count = 0;
176 	s = 0;
177 	socksv = 5;
178 	host = NULL;
179 	uport = NULL;
180 	sv = NULL;
181 
182 	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
183 
184 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv,
185 	    "46DdEe:FhI:i:klMNnoO:P:p:rSs:tT:UuV:vw:X:x:z",
186 	    longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
187 		switch (ch) {
188 		case '4':
189 			family = AF_INET;
190 			break;
191 		case '6':
192 			family = AF_INET6;
193 			break;
194 		case 'U':
195 			family = AF_UNIX;
196 			break;
197 		case 'X':
198 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "connect") == 0)
199 				socksv = -1; /* HTTP proxy CONNECT */
200 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "4") == 0)
201 				socksv = 4; /* SOCKS v.4 */
202 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "5") == 0)
203 				socksv = 5; /* SOCKS v.5 */
204 			else
205 				errx(1, "unsupported proxy protocol");
206 			break;
207 		case 'd':
208 			dflag = 1;
209 			break;
210 		case 'e':
211 #ifdef IPSEC
212 			ipsec_policy[ipsec_count++ % 2] = optarg;
213 #else
214 			errx(1, "IPsec support unavailable.");
215 #endif
216 			break;
217 		case 'E':
218 #ifdef IPSEC
219 			ipsec_policy[0] = "in  ipsec esp/transport//require";
220 			ipsec_policy[1] = "out ipsec esp/transport//require";
221 #else
222 			errx(1, "IPsec support unavailable.");
223 #endif
224 			break;
225 		case 'F':
226 			Fflag = 1;
227 			break;
228 		case 'h':
229 			help();
230 			break;
231 		case 'i':
232 			iflag = strtonum(optarg, 0, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
233 			if (errstr)
234 				errx(1, "interval %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
235 			break;
236 		case 'k':
237 			kflag = 1;
238 			break;
239 		case 'l':
240 			lflag = 1;
241 			break;
242 		case 'M':
243 #ifndef WITH_STATS
244 			errx(1, "-M requires stats(3) support");
245 #else
246 			FreeBSD_Mflag = 1;
247 #endif
248 			break;
249 		case 'N':
250 			Nflag = 1;
251 			break;
252 		case 'n':
253 			nflag = 1;
254 			break;
255 		case 'o':
256 			fprintf(stderr, "option -o is deprecated.\n");
257 			break;
258 		case 'P':
259 			Pflag = optarg;
260 			break;
261 		case 'p':
262 			pflag = optarg;
263 			break;
264 		case 'r':
265 			rflag = 1;
266 			break;
267 		case 's':
268 			sflag = optarg;
269 			break;
270 		case 't':
271 			tflag = 1;
272 			break;
273 		case 'u':
274 			uflag = 1;
275 			break;
276 		case 'V':
277 			if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", &numfibs, &intsize, NULL, 0) == -1)
278 				errx(1, "Multiple FIBS not supported");
279 			rtableid = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0,
280 			    numfibs - 1, &errstr);
281 			if (errstr)
282 				errx(1, "rtable %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
283 			break;
284 		case 'v':
285 			vflag = 1;
286 			break;
287 		case 'w':
288 			timeout = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX / 1000, &errstr);
289 			if (errstr)
290 				errx(1, "timeout %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
291 			timeout *= 1000;
292 			break;
293 		case 'x':
294 			xflag = 1;
295 			if ((proxy = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
296 				err(1, NULL);
297 			break;
298 		case 'z':
299 			zflag = 1;
300 			break;
301 		case 'D':
302 			Dflag = 1;
303 			break;
304 		case 'I':
305 			Iflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
306 			if (errstr != NULL)
307 				errx(1, "TCP receive window %s: %s",
308 				    errstr, optarg);
309 			break;
310 		case 'O':
311 			Oflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
312 			if (errstr != NULL) {
313 			    if (strcmp(errstr, "invalid") != 0)
314 				errx(1, "TCP send window %s: %s",
315 				    errstr, optarg);
316 			}
317 			break;
318 		case 'S':
319 			Sflag = 1;
320 			break;
321 		case 'T':
322 			errstr = NULL;
323 			errno = 0;
324 			if (map_tos(optarg, &Tflag))
325 				break;
326 			if (strlen(optarg) > 1 && optarg[0] == '0' &&
327 			    optarg[1] == 'x')
328 				Tflag = (int)strtol(optarg, NULL, 16);
329 			else
330 				Tflag = (int)strtonum(optarg, 0, 255,
331 				    &errstr);
332 			if (Tflag < 0 || Tflag > 255 || errstr || errno)
333 				errx(1, "illegal tos value %s", optarg);
334 			break;
335 		case FREEBSD_TUN:
336 			tundev = optarg;
337 			break;
338 		case 0:
339 			/* Long option. */
340 			break;
341 		default:
342 			usage(1);
343 		}
344 	}
345 	argc -= optind;
346 	argv += optind;
347 
348 	/* Cruft to make sure options are clean, and used properly. */
349 	if (argv[0] && !argv[1] && family == AF_UNIX) {
350 		host = argv[0];
351 		uport = NULL;
352 	} else if (argv[0] && !argv[1]) {
353 		if  (!lflag)
354 			usage(1);
355 		uport = argv[0];
356 		host = NULL;
357 	} else if (argv[0] && argv[1]) {
358 		host = argv[0];
359 		uport = argv[1];
360 	} else
361 		usage(1);
362 
363 	if (lflag && sflag)
364 		errx(1, "cannot use -s and -l");
365 	if (lflag && pflag)
366 		errx(1, "cannot use -p and -l");
367 	if (lflag && zflag)
368 		errx(1, "cannot use -z and -l");
369 	if (!lflag && kflag)
370 		errx(1, "must use -l with -k");
371 	if (FreeBSD_sctp) {
372 		if (uflag)
373 			errx(1, "cannot use -u and --sctp");
374 		if (family == AF_UNIX)
375 			errx(1, "cannot use -U and --sctp");
376 	}
377 	if (tundev != NULL) {
378 		if (!uflag)
379 			errx(1, "must use --tun with -u");
380 		tun_fd = open(tundev, O_RDWR);
381 		if (tun_fd == -1)
382 			errx(1, "unable to open tun device %s", tundev);
383 	}
384 
385 	/* Get name of temporary socket for unix datagram client */
386 	if ((family == AF_UNIX) && uflag && !lflag) {
387 		if (sflag) {
388 			unix_dg_tmp_socket = sflag;
389 		} else {
390 			strlcpy(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf, "/tmp/nc.XXXXXXXXXX",
391 				UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE);
392 			if (mktemp(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf) == NULL)
393 				err(1, "mktemp");
394 			unix_dg_tmp_socket = unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf;
395 		}
396 	}
397 
398 	/* Initialize addrinfo structure. */
399 	if (family != AF_UNIX) {
400 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
401 		hints.ai_family = family;
402 		hints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
403 		hints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP :
404 		    FreeBSD_sctp ? IPPROTO_SCTP : IPPROTO_TCP;
405 		if (nflag)
406 			hints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
407 	}
408 
409 	if (xflag) {
410 		if (uflag)
411 			errx(1, "no proxy support for UDP mode");
412 
413 		if (FreeBSD_sctp)
414 			errx(1, "no proxy support for SCTP mode");
415 
416 		if (lflag)
417 			errx(1, "no proxy support for listen");
418 
419 		if (family == AF_UNIX)
420 			errx(1, "no proxy support for unix sockets");
421 
422 		/* XXX IPv6 transport to proxy would probably work */
423 		if (family == AF_INET6)
424 			errx(1, "no proxy support for IPv6");
425 
426 		if (sflag)
427 			errx(1, "no proxy support for local source address");
428 
429 		proxyhost = strsep(&proxy, ":");
430 		proxyport = proxy;
431 
432 		memset(&proxyhints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
433 		proxyhints.ai_family = family;
434 		proxyhints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
435 		proxyhints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
436 		if (nflag)
437 			proxyhints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
438 	}
439 
440 	if (lflag) {
441 		int connfd;
442 		ret = 0;
443 
444 		if (family == AF_UNIX) {
445 			if (uflag)
446 				s = unix_bind(host);
447 			else
448 				s = unix_listen(host);
449 		}
450 
451 		/* Allow only one connection at a time, but stay alive. */
452 		for (;;) {
453 			if (family != AF_UNIX)
454 				s = local_listen(host, uport, hints);
455 			if (s < 0)
456 				err(1, NULL);
457 			/*
458 			 * For UDP and -k, don't connect the socket, let it
459 			 * receive datagrams from multiple socket pairs.
460 			 */
461 			if (uflag && kflag)
462 				readwrite(s);
463 			/*
464 			 * For UDP and not -k, we will use recvfrom() initially
465 			 * to wait for a caller, then use the regular functions
466 			 * to talk to the caller.
467 			 */
468 			else if (uflag && !kflag) {
469 				int rv, plen;
470 				char buf[16384];
471 				struct sockaddr_storage z;
472 
473 				len = sizeof(z);
474 				plen = 2048;
475 				rv = recvfrom(s, buf, plen, MSG_PEEK,
476 				    (struct sockaddr *)&z, &len);
477 				if (rv < 0)
478 					err(1, "recvfrom");
479 
480 				rv = connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&z, len);
481 				if (rv < 0)
482 					err(1, "connect");
483 
484 				if (vflag)
485 					report_connect((struct sockaddr *)&z, len);
486 
487 				readwrite(s);
488 			} else {
489 				len = sizeof(cliaddr);
490 				connfd = accept(s, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,
491 				    &len);
492 				if (connfd == -1) {
493 					/* For now, all errnos are fatal */
494 					err(1, "accept");
495 				}
496 				if (vflag)
497 					report_connect((struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr, len);
498 
499 				if (FreeBSD_Mflag)
500 					FreeBSD_stats_setup(connfd);
501 				readwrite(connfd);
502 				close(connfd);
503 			}
504 
505 			if (family != AF_UNIX)
506 				close(s);
507 			else if (uflag) {
508 				if (connect(s, NULL, 0) < 0)
509 					err(1, "connect");
510 			}
511 
512 			if (!kflag)
513 				break;
514 		}
515 	} else if (family == AF_UNIX) {
516 		ret = 0;
517 
518 		if ((s = unix_connect(host)) > 0 && !zflag) {
519 			readwrite(s);
520 			close(s);
521 		} else
522 			ret = 1;
523 
524 		if (uflag)
525 			unlink(unix_dg_tmp_socket);
526 		exit(ret);
527 
528 	} else {
529 		int i = 0;
530 
531 		/* Construct the portlist[] array. */
532 		build_ports(uport);
533 
534 		/* Cycle through portlist, connecting to each port. */
535 		for (i = 0; portlist[i] != NULL; i++) {
536 			if (s)
537 				close(s);
538 
539 			if (xflag)
540 				s = socks_connect(host, portlist[i], hints,
541 				    proxyhost, proxyport, proxyhints, socksv,
542 				    Pflag);
543 			else
544 				s = remote_connect(host, portlist[i], hints);
545 
546 			if (s < 0)
547 				continue;
548 
549 			ret = 0;
550 			if (vflag || zflag) {
551 				/* For UDP, make sure we are connected. */
552 				if (uflag) {
553 					if (udptest(s) == -1) {
554 						ret = 1;
555 						continue;
556 					}
557 				}
558 
559 				/* Don't look up port if -n. */
560 				if (nflag)
561 					sv = NULL;
562 				else {
563 					sv = getservbyport(
564 					    ntohs(atoi(portlist[i])),
565 					    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");
566 				}
567 
568 				fprintf(stderr,
569 				    "Connection to %s %s port [%s/%s] "
570 				    "succeeded!\n", host, portlist[i],
571 				    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp",
572 				    sv ? sv->s_name : "*");
573 			}
574 			if (Fflag)
575 				fdpass(s);
576 			else if (!zflag)
577 				readwrite(s);
578 		}
579 	}
580 
581 	if (s)
582 		close(s);
583 	if (tun_fd != -1)
584 		close(tun_fd);
585 
586 	exit(ret);
587 }
588 
589 /*
590  * unix_bind()
591  * Returns a unix socket bound to the given path
592  */
593 int
594 unix_bind(char *path)
595 {
596 	struct sockaddr_un sun;
597 	int s;
598 
599 	/* Create unix domain socket. */
600 	if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM,
601 	     0)) < 0)
602 		return (-1);
603 
604 	memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
605 	sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
606 
607 	if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
608 	    sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
609 		close(s);
610 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
611 		return (-1);
612 	}
613 
614 	if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
615 		close(s);
616 		return (-1);
617 	}
618 	return (s);
619 }
620 
621 /*
622  * unix_connect()
623  * Returns a socket connected to a local unix socket. Returns -1 on failure.
624  */
625 int
626 unix_connect(char *path)
627 {
628 	struct sockaddr_un sun;
629 	int s;
630 
631 	if (uflag) {
632 		if ((s = unix_bind(unix_dg_tmp_socket)) < 0)
633 			return (-1);
634 	} else {
635 		if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
636 			return (-1);
637 	}
638 	(void)fcntl(s, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
639 
640 	memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
641 	sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
642 
643 	if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
644 	    sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
645 		close(s);
646 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
647 		return (-1);
648 	}
649 	if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
650 		close(s);
651 		return (-1);
652 	}
653 	return (s);
654 
655 }
656 
657 /*
658  * unix_listen()
659  * Create a unix domain socket, and listen on it.
660  */
661 int
662 unix_listen(char *path)
663 {
664 	int s;
665 	if ((s = unix_bind(path)) < 0)
666 		return (-1);
667 
668 	if (listen(s, 5) < 0) {
669 		close(s);
670 		return (-1);
671 	}
672 	return (s);
673 }
674 
675 /*
676  * remote_connect()
677  * Returns a socket connected to a remote host. Properly binds to a local
678  * port or source address if needed. Returns -1 on failure.
679  */
680 int
681 remote_connect(const char *host, const char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
682 {
683 	struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
684 	int s, error, on = 1;
685 
686 	if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
687 		errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
688 
689 	res0 = res;
690 	do {
691 		if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
692 		    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
693 			continue;
694 
695 		if (rtableid >= 0 && (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB,
696 		    &rtableid, sizeof(rtableid)) == -1))
697 			err(1, "setsockopt SO_SETFIB");
698 
699 		/* Bind to a local port or source address if specified. */
700 		if (sflag || pflag) {
701 			struct addrinfo ahints, *ares;
702 
703 			/* try IP_BINDANY, but don't insist */
704 			setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_BINDANY, &on, sizeof(on));
705 			memset(&ahints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
706 			ahints.ai_family = res0->ai_family;
707 			ahints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
708 			ahints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP : IPPROTO_TCP;
709 			ahints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
710 			if ((error = getaddrinfo(sflag, pflag, &ahints, &ares)))
711 				errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
712 
713 			if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)ares->ai_addr,
714 			    ares->ai_addrlen) < 0)
715 				err(1, "bind failed");
716 			freeaddrinfo(ares);
717 		}
718 
719 		set_common_sockopts(s, res0->ai_family);
720 
721 		if (timeout_connect(s, res0->ai_addr, res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
722 			break;
723 		else if (vflag)
724 			warn("connect to %s port %s (%s) failed", host, port,
725 			    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");
726 
727 		close(s);
728 		s = -1;
729 	} while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);
730 
731 	freeaddrinfo(res);
732 
733 	return (s);
734 }
735 
736 int
737 timeout_connect(int s, const struct sockaddr *name, socklen_t namelen)
738 {
739 	struct pollfd pfd;
740 	socklen_t optlen;
741 	int flags, optval;
742 	int ret;
743 
744 	if (timeout != -1) {
745 		flags = fcntl(s, F_GETFL, 0);
746 		if (fcntl(s, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) == -1)
747 			err(1, "set non-blocking mode");
748 	}
749 
750 	if ((ret = connect(s, name, namelen)) != 0 && errno == EINPROGRESS) {
751 		pfd.fd = s;
752 		pfd.events = POLLOUT;
753 		if ((ret = poll(&pfd, 1, timeout)) == 1) {
754 			optlen = sizeof(optval);
755 			if ((ret = getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
756 			    &optval, &optlen)) == 0) {
757 				errno = optval;
758 				ret = optval == 0 ? 0 : -1;
759 			}
760 		} else if (ret == 0) {
761 			errno = ETIMEDOUT;
762 			ret = -1;
763 		} else
764 			err(1, "poll failed");
765 	}
766 
767 	if (timeout != -1 && fcntl(s, F_SETFL, flags) == -1)
768 		err(1, "restoring flags");
769 
770 	return (ret);
771 }
772 
773 /*
774  * local_listen()
775  * Returns a socket listening on a local port, binds to specified source
776  * address. Returns -1 on failure.
777  */
778 int
779 local_listen(char *host, char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
780 {
781 	struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
782 	int s, ret, x = 1;
783 	int error;
784 
785 	/* Allow nodename to be null. */
786 	hints.ai_flags |= AI_PASSIVE;
787 
788 	/*
789 	 * In the case of binding to a wildcard address
790 	 * default to binding to an ipv4 address.
791 	 */
792 	if (host == NULL && hints.ai_family == AF_UNSPEC)
793 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
794 
795 	if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
796 		errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
797 
798 	res0 = res;
799 	do {
800 		if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
801 		    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
802 			continue;
803 
804 		if (rtableid >= 0 && (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB,
805 		    &rtableid, sizeof(rtableid)) == -1))
806 			err(1, "setsockopt SO_SETFIB");
807 
808 		ret = setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &x, sizeof(x));
809 		if (ret == -1)
810 			err(1, NULL);
811 
812 		if (FreeBSD_Oflag) {
813 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NOOPT,
814 			    &FreeBSD_Oflag, sizeof(FreeBSD_Oflag)) == -1)
815 				err(1, "disable TCP options");
816 		}
817 
818 		set_common_sockopts(s, res0->ai_family);
819 
820 		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)res0->ai_addr,
821 		    res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
822 			break;
823 
824 		close(s);
825 		s = -1;
826 	} while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);
827 
828 	if (!uflag && s != -1) {
829 		if (listen(s, 1) < 0)
830 			err(1, "listen");
831 	}
832 
833 	freeaddrinfo(res);
834 
835 	return (s);
836 }
837 
838 /*
839  * readwrite()
840  * Loop that polls on the network file descriptor and stdin.
841  */
842 void
843 readwrite(int net_fd)
844 {
845 	struct pollfd pfd[4];
846 	int stdin_fd = STDIN_FILENO;
847 	int stdout_fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
848 	unsigned char netinbuf[BUFSIZE];
849 	size_t netinbufpos = 0;
850 	unsigned char stdinbuf[BUFSIZE];
851 	size_t stdinbufpos = 0;
852 	int n, num_fds;
853 	int stats_printed = 0;
854 	ssize_t ret;
855 
856 	/* don't read from stdin if requested */
857 	if (dflag)
858 		stdin_fd = -1;
859 
860 	/* stdin */
861 	pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd = (tun_fd != -1) ? tun_fd : stdin_fd;
862 	pfd[POLL_STDIN].events = POLLIN;
863 
864 	/* network out */
865 	pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd = net_fd;
866 	pfd[POLL_NETOUT].events = 0;
867 
868 	/* network in */
869 	pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd = net_fd;
870 	pfd[POLL_NETIN].events = POLLIN;
871 
872 	/* stdout */
873 	pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd = (tun_fd != -1) ? tun_fd : stdout_fd;
874 	pfd[POLL_STDOUT].events = 0;
875 
876 	while (1) {
877 		/* both inputs are gone, buffers are empty, we are done */
878 		if (pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd == -1 && pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd == -1
879 		    && stdinbufpos == 0 && netinbufpos == 0) {
880 			if (FreeBSD_Mflag && !stats_printed)
881 				FreeBSD_stats_print(net_fd);
882 			close(net_fd);
883 			return;
884 		}
885 		/* both outputs are gone, we can't continue */
886 		if (pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd == -1 && pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd == -1) {
887 			if (FreeBSD_Mflag && !stats_printed)
888 				FreeBSD_stats_print(net_fd);
889 			close(net_fd);
890 			return;
891 		}
892 		/* listen and net in gone, queues empty, done */
893 		if (lflag && pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd == -1
894 		    && stdinbufpos == 0 && netinbufpos == 0) {
895 			if (FreeBSD_Mflag && !stats_printed)
896 				FreeBSD_stats_print(net_fd);
897 			close(net_fd);
898 			return;
899 		}
900 
901 		/* help says -i is for "wait between lines sent". We read and
902 		 * write arbitrary amounts of data, and we don't want to start
903 		 * scanning for newlines, so this is as good as it gets */
904 		if (iflag)
905 			sleep(iflag);
906 
907 		/* poll */
908 		num_fds = poll(pfd, 4, timeout);
909 
910 		/* treat poll errors */
911 		if (num_fds == -1) {
912 			close(net_fd);
913 			err(1, "polling error");
914 		}
915 
916 		/* timeout happened */
917 		if (num_fds == 0) {
918 			if (FreeBSD_Mflag)
919 				FreeBSD_stats_print(net_fd);
920 			return;
921 		}
922 
923 		/* treat socket error conditions */
924 		for (n = 0; n < 4; n++) {
925 			if (pfd[n].revents & (POLLERR|POLLNVAL)) {
926 				pfd[n].fd = -1;
927 			}
928 		}
929 		/* reading is possible after HUP */
930 		if (pfd[POLL_STDIN].events & POLLIN &&
931 		    pfd[POLL_STDIN].revents & POLLHUP &&
932 		    ! (pfd[POLL_STDIN].revents & POLLIN))
933 				pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd = -1;
934 
935 		if (pfd[POLL_NETIN].events & POLLIN &&
936 		    pfd[POLL_NETIN].revents & POLLHUP &&
937 		    ! (pfd[POLL_NETIN].revents & POLLIN))
938 				pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd = -1;
939 
940 		if (pfd[POLL_NETOUT].revents & POLLHUP) {
941 			if (Nflag)
942 				shutdown(pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd, SHUT_WR);
943 			pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd = -1;
944 		}
945 		/* if HUP, stop watching stdout */
946 		if (pfd[POLL_STDOUT].revents & POLLHUP)
947 			pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd = -1;
948 		/* if no net out, stop watching stdin */
949 		if (pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd == -1)
950 			pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd = -1;
951 		/* if no stdout, stop watching net in */
952 		if (pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd == -1) {
953 			if (pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd != -1)
954 				shutdown(pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd, SHUT_RD);
955 			pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd = -1;
956 		}
957 
958 		/* try to read from stdin */
959 		if (pfd[POLL_STDIN].revents & POLLIN && stdinbufpos < BUFSIZE) {
960 			ret = fillbuf(pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd, stdinbuf,
961 			    &stdinbufpos);
962 			/* error or eof on stdin - remove from pfd */
963 			if (ret == 0 || ret == -1)
964 				pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd = -1;
965 			/* read something - poll net out */
966 			if (stdinbufpos > 0)
967 				pfd[POLL_NETOUT].events = POLLOUT;
968 			/* filled buffer - remove self from polling */
969 			if (stdinbufpos == BUFSIZE)
970 				pfd[POLL_STDIN].events = 0;
971 		}
972 		/* try to write to network */
973 		if (pfd[POLL_NETOUT].revents & POLLOUT && stdinbufpos > 0) {
974 			ret = drainbuf(pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd, stdinbuf,
975 			    &stdinbufpos);
976 			if (ret == -1)
977 				pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd = -1;
978 			/* buffer empty - remove self from polling */
979 			if (stdinbufpos == 0)
980 				pfd[POLL_NETOUT].events = 0;
981 			/* buffer no longer full - poll stdin again */
982 			if (stdinbufpos < BUFSIZE)
983 				pfd[POLL_STDIN].events = POLLIN;
984 		}
985 		/* try to read from network */
986 		if (pfd[POLL_NETIN].revents & POLLIN && netinbufpos < BUFSIZE) {
987 			ret = fillbuf(pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd, netinbuf,
988 			    &netinbufpos);
989 			if (ret == -1)
990 				pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd = -1;
991 			/* eof on net in - remove from pfd */
992 			if (ret == 0) {
993 				shutdown(pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd, SHUT_RD);
994 				pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd = -1;
995 			}
996 			/* read something - poll stdout */
997 			if (netinbufpos > 0)
998 				pfd[POLL_STDOUT].events = POLLOUT;
999 			/* filled buffer - remove self from polling */
1000 			if (netinbufpos == BUFSIZE)
1001 				pfd[POLL_NETIN].events = 0;
1002 			/* handle telnet */
1003 			if (tflag)
1004 				atelnet(pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd, netinbuf,
1005 				    netinbufpos);
1006 		}
1007 		/* try to write to stdout */
1008 		if (pfd[POLL_STDOUT].revents & POLLOUT && netinbufpos > 0) {
1009 			ret = drainbuf(pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd, netinbuf,
1010 			    &netinbufpos);
1011 			if (ret == -1)
1012 				pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd = -1;
1013 			/* buffer empty - remove self from polling */
1014 			if (netinbufpos == 0)
1015 				pfd[POLL_STDOUT].events = 0;
1016 			/* buffer no longer full - poll net in again */
1017 			if (netinbufpos < BUFSIZE)
1018 				pfd[POLL_NETIN].events = POLLIN;
1019 		}
1020 
1021 		/* stdin gone and queue empty? */
1022 		if (pfd[POLL_STDIN].fd == -1 && stdinbufpos == 0) {
1023 			if (pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd != -1 && Nflag) {
1024 				if (FreeBSD_Mflag) {
1025 					FreeBSD_stats_print(net_fd);
1026 					stats_printed = 1;
1027 				}
1028 				shutdown(pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd, SHUT_WR);
1029 			}
1030 			pfd[POLL_NETOUT].fd = -1;
1031 		}
1032 		/* net in gone and queue empty? */
1033 		if (pfd[POLL_NETIN].fd == -1 && netinbufpos == 0) {
1034 			pfd[POLL_STDOUT].fd = -1;
1035 		}
1036 	}
1037 }
1038 
1039 ssize_t
1040 drainbuf(int fd, unsigned char *buf, size_t *bufpos)
1041 {
1042 	ssize_t n;
1043 	ssize_t adjust;
1044 
1045 	n = write(fd, buf, *bufpos);
1046 	/* don't treat EAGAIN, EINTR as error */
1047 	if (n == -1 && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
1048 		n = -2;
1049 	if (n <= 0)
1050 		return n;
1051 	/* adjust buffer */
1052 	adjust = *bufpos - n;
1053 	if (adjust > 0)
1054 		memmove(buf, buf + n, adjust);
1055 	*bufpos -= n;
1056 	return n;
1057 }
1058 
1059 
1060 ssize_t
1061 fillbuf(int fd, unsigned char *buf, size_t *bufpos)
1062 {
1063 	size_t num = BUFSIZE - *bufpos;
1064 	ssize_t n;
1065 
1066 	n = read(fd, buf + *bufpos, num);
1067 	/* don't treat EAGAIN, EINTR as error */
1068 	if (n == -1 && (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR))
1069 		n = -2;
1070 	if (n <= 0)
1071 		return n;
1072 	*bufpos += n;
1073 	return n;
1074 }
1075 
1076 /*
1077  * fdpass()
1078  * Pass the connected file descriptor to stdout and exit.
1079  */
1080 void
1081 fdpass(int nfd)
1082 {
1083 	struct msghdr mh;
1084 	union {
1085 		struct cmsghdr hdr;
1086 		char buf[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
1087 	} cmsgbuf;
1088 	struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
1089 	struct iovec iov;
1090 	char c = '\0';
1091 	ssize_t r;
1092 	struct pollfd pfd;
1093 
1094 	/* Avoid obvious stupidity */
1095 	if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
1096 		errx(1, "Cannot pass file descriptor to tty");
1097 
1098 	bzero(&mh, sizeof(mh));
1099 	bzero(&cmsgbuf, sizeof(cmsgbuf));
1100 	bzero(&iov, sizeof(iov));
1101 
1102 	mh.msg_control = (caddr_t)&cmsgbuf.buf;
1103 	mh.msg_controllen = sizeof(cmsgbuf.buf);
1104 	cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&mh);
1105 	cmsg->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
1106 	cmsg->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
1107 	cmsg->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
1108 	*(int *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg) = nfd;
1109 
1110 	iov.iov_base = &c;
1111 	iov.iov_len = 1;
1112 	mh.msg_iov = &iov;
1113 	mh.msg_iovlen = 1;
1114 
1115 	bzero(&pfd, sizeof(pfd));
1116 	pfd.fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
1117 	pfd.events = POLLOUT;
1118 	for (;;) {
1119 		r = sendmsg(STDOUT_FILENO, &mh, 0);
1120 		if (r == -1) {
1121 			if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR) {
1122 				if (poll(&pfd, 1, -1) == -1)
1123 					err(1, "poll");
1124 				continue;
1125 			}
1126 			err(1, "sendmsg");
1127 		} else if (r != 1)
1128 			errx(1, "sendmsg: unexpected return value %zd", r);
1129 		else
1130 			break;
1131 	}
1132 	exit(0);
1133 }
1134 
1135 /* Deal with RFC 854 WILL/WONT DO/DONT negotiation. */
1136 void
1137 atelnet(int nfd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned int size)
1138 {
1139 	unsigned char *p, *end;
1140 	unsigned char obuf[4];
1141 
1142 	if (size < 3)
1143 		return;
1144 	end = buf + size - 2;
1145 
1146 	for (p = buf; p < end; p++) {
1147 		if (*p != IAC)
1148 			continue;
1149 
1150 		obuf[0] = IAC;
1151 		p++;
1152 		if ((*p == WILL) || (*p == WONT))
1153 			obuf[1] = DONT;
1154 		else if ((*p == DO) || (*p == DONT))
1155 			obuf[1] = WONT;
1156 		else
1157 			continue;
1158 
1159 		p++;
1160 		obuf[2] = *p;
1161 		if (atomicio(vwrite, nfd, obuf, 3) != 3)
1162 			warn("Write Error!");
1163 	}
1164 }
1165 
1166 /*
1167  * build_ports()
1168  * Build an array of ports in portlist[], listing each port
1169  * that we should try to connect to.
1170  */
1171 void
1172 build_ports(char *p)
1173 {
1174 	const char *errstr;
1175 	char *n;
1176 	int hi, lo, cp;
1177 	int x = 0;
1178 
1179 	if ((n = strchr(p, '-')) != NULL) {
1180 		*n = '\0';
1181 		n++;
1182 
1183 		/* Make sure the ports are in order: lowest->highest. */
1184 		hi = strtonum(n, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
1185 		if (errstr)
1186 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, n);
1187 		lo = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
1188 		if (errstr)
1189 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
1190 
1191 		if (lo > hi) {
1192 			cp = hi;
1193 			hi = lo;
1194 			lo = cp;
1195 		}
1196 
1197 		/* Load ports sequentially. */
1198 		for (cp = lo; cp <= hi; cp++) {
1199 			portlist[x] = calloc(1, PORT_MAX_LEN);
1200 			if (portlist[x] == NULL)
1201 				err(1, NULL);
1202 			snprintf(portlist[x], PORT_MAX_LEN, "%d", cp);
1203 			x++;
1204 		}
1205 
1206 		/* Randomly swap ports. */
1207 		if (rflag) {
1208 			int y;
1209 			char *c;
1210 
1211 			for (x = 0; x <= (hi - lo); x++) {
1212 				y = (arc4random() & 0xFFFF) % (hi - lo);
1213 				c = portlist[x];
1214 				portlist[x] = portlist[y];
1215 				portlist[y] = c;
1216 			}
1217 		}
1218 	} else {
1219 		hi = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
1220 		if (errstr)
1221 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
1222 		portlist[0] = strdup(p);
1223 		if (portlist[0] == NULL)
1224 			err(1, NULL);
1225 	}
1226 }
1227 
1228 /*
1229  * udptest()
1230  * Do a few writes to see if the UDP port is there.
1231  * Fails once PF state table is full.
1232  */
1233 int
1234 udptest(int s)
1235 {
1236 	int i, ret;
1237 
1238 	for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
1239 		if (write(s, "X", 1) == 1)
1240 			ret = 1;
1241 		else
1242 			ret = -1;
1243 	}
1244 	return (ret);
1245 }
1246 
1247 void
1248 FreeBSD_stats_setup(int s)
1249 {
1250 
1251 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_STATS,
1252 	    &FreeBSD_Mflag, sizeof(FreeBSD_Mflag)) == -1) {
1253 		if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP) {
1254 			warnx("getsockopt(TCP_STATS) failed; "
1255 			    "kernel built without \"options STATS\"?");
1256 		}
1257 		err(1, "enable TCP_STATS gathering");
1258 	}
1259 }
1260 
1261 void
1262 FreeBSD_stats_print(int s)
1263 {
1264 #ifdef WITH_STATS
1265 	struct statsblob *statsb;
1266 	struct sbuf *sb;
1267 	socklen_t sockoptlen;
1268 	int error;
1269 
1270 	/*
1271 	 * This usleep is a workaround for TCP_STATS reporting
1272 	 * incorrect values for TXPB.
1273 	 */
1274 	usleep(100000);
1275 
1276 	sockoptlen = 2048;
1277 	statsb = malloc(sockoptlen);
1278 	if (statsb == NULL)
1279 		err(1, "malloc");
1280 	error = getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_STATS, statsb, &sockoptlen);
1281 	if (error != 0) {
1282 		if (errno == EOVERFLOW && statsb->cursz > sockoptlen) {
1283 			/* Retry with a larger size. */
1284 			sockoptlen = statsb->cursz;
1285 			statsb = realloc(statsb, sockoptlen);
1286 			if (statsb == NULL)
1287 				err(1, "realloc");
1288 			error = getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_STATS,
1289 			    statsb, &sockoptlen);
1290 		}
1291 		if (error != 0)
1292 			err(1, "getsockopt");
1293 	}
1294 
1295 	sb = sbuf_new_auto();
1296 	error = stats_blob_tostr(statsb, sb, SB_STRFMT_JSON, SB_TOSTR_META);
1297 	if (error != 0)
1298 		errc(1, error, "stats_blob_tostr");
1299 
1300 	error = sbuf_finish(sb);
1301 	if (error != 0)
1302 		err(1, "sbuf_finish");
1303 
1304 	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", sbuf_data(sb));
1305 #endif
1306 }
1307 
1308 void
1309 set_common_sockopts(int s, int af)
1310 {
1311 	int x = 1;
1312 
1313 	if (Sflag) {
1314 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_MD5SIG,
1315 			&x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
1316 			err(1, NULL);
1317 	}
1318 	if (Dflag) {
1319 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
1320 			&x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
1321 			err(1, NULL);
1322 	}
1323 	if (Tflag != -1) {
1324 		int proto, option;
1325 
1326 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
1327 			proto = IPPROTO_IPV6;
1328 			option = IPV6_TCLASS;
1329 		} else {
1330 			proto = IPPROTO_IP;
1331 			option = IP_TOS;
1332 		}
1333 
1334 		if (setsockopt(s, proto, option, &Tflag, sizeof(Tflag)) == -1)
1335 			err(1, "set IP ToS");
1336 	}
1337 	if (Iflag) {
1338 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
1339 		    &Iflag, sizeof(Iflag)) == -1)
1340 			err(1, "set TCP receive buffer size");
1341 	}
1342 	if (Oflag) {
1343 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF,
1344 		    &Oflag, sizeof(Oflag)) == -1)
1345 			err(1, "set TCP send buffer size");
1346 	}
1347 	if (FreeBSD_Oflag) {
1348 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NOOPT,
1349 		    &FreeBSD_Oflag, sizeof(FreeBSD_Oflag)) == -1)
1350 			err(1, "disable TCP options");
1351 	}
1352 	if (FreeBSD_Mflag)
1353 		FreeBSD_stats_setup(s);
1354 #ifdef IPSEC
1355 	if (ipsec_policy[0] != NULL)
1356 		add_ipsec_policy(s, af, ipsec_policy[0]);
1357 	if (ipsec_policy[1] != NULL)
1358 		add_ipsec_policy(s, af, ipsec_policy[1]);
1359 #endif
1360 }
1361 
1362 int
1363 map_tos(char *s, int *val)
1364 {
1365 	/* DiffServ Codepoints and other TOS mappings */
1366 	const struct toskeywords {
1367 		const char	*keyword;
1368 		int		 val;
1369 	} *t, toskeywords[] = {
1370 		{ "af11",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF11 },
1371 		{ "af12",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF12 },
1372 		{ "af13",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF13 },
1373 		{ "af21",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF21 },
1374 		{ "af22",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF22 },
1375 		{ "af23",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF23 },
1376 		{ "af31",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF31 },
1377 		{ "af32",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF32 },
1378 		{ "af33",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF33 },
1379 		{ "af41",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF41 },
1380 		{ "af42",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF42 },
1381 		{ "af43",		IPTOS_DSCP_AF43 },
1382 		{ "critical",		IPTOS_PREC_CRITIC_ECP },
1383 		{ "cs0",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS0 },
1384 		{ "cs1",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS1 },
1385 		{ "cs2",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS2 },
1386 		{ "cs3",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS3 },
1387 		{ "cs4",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS4 },
1388 		{ "cs5",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS5 },
1389 		{ "cs6",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS6 },
1390 		{ "cs7",		IPTOS_DSCP_CS7 },
1391 		{ "ef",			IPTOS_DSCP_EF },
1392 		{ "inetcontrol",	IPTOS_PREC_INTERNETCONTROL },
1393 		{ "lowdelay",		IPTOS_LOWDELAY },
1394 		{ "netcontrol",		IPTOS_PREC_NETCONTROL },
1395 		{ "reliability",	IPTOS_RELIABILITY },
1396 		{ "throughput",		IPTOS_THROUGHPUT },
1397 		{ NULL, 		-1 },
1398 	};
1399 
1400 	for (t = toskeywords; t->keyword != NULL; t++) {
1401 		if (strcmp(s, t->keyword) == 0) {
1402 			*val = t->val;
1403 			return (1);
1404 		}
1405 	}
1406 
1407 	return (0);
1408 }
1409 
1410 void
1411 report_connect(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen)
1412 {
1413 	char remote_host[NI_MAXHOST];
1414 	char remote_port[NI_MAXSERV];
1415 	int herr;
1416 	int flags = NI_NUMERICSERV;
1417 
1418 	if (nflag)
1419 		flags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
1420 
1421 	if ((herr = getnameinfo(sa, salen,
1422 	    remote_host, sizeof(remote_host),
1423 	    remote_port, sizeof(remote_port),
1424 	    flags)) != 0) {
1425 		if (herr == EAI_SYSTEM)
1426 			err(1, "getnameinfo");
1427 		else
1428 			errx(1, "getnameinfo: %s", gai_strerror(herr));
1429 	}
1430 
1431 	fprintf(stderr,
1432 	    "Connection from %s %s "
1433 	    "received!\n", remote_host, remote_port);
1434 }
1435 
1436 void
1437 help(void)
1438 {
1439 	usage(0);
1440 	fprintf(stderr, "\tCommand Summary:\n\
1441 	\t-4		Use IPv4\n\
1442 	\t-6		Use IPv6\n\
1443 	\t-D		Enable the debug socket option\n\
1444 	\t-d		Detach from stdin\n");
1445 #ifdef IPSEC
1446 	fprintf(stderr, "\
1447 	\t-E		Use IPsec ESP\n\
1448 	\t-e policy	Use specified IPsec policy\n");
1449 #endif
1450 	fprintf(stderr, "\
1451 	\t-F		Pass socket fd\n\
1452 	\t-h		This help text\n\
1453 	\t-I length	TCP receive buffer length\n\
1454 	\t-i secs\t	Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned\n\
1455 	\t-k		Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects\n\
1456 	\t-l		Listen mode, for inbound connects\n\
1457 	\t-N		Shutdown the network socket after EOF on stdin\n\
1458 	\t-n		Suppress name/port resolutions\n\
1459 	\t--no-tcpopt	Disable TCP options\n\
1460 	\t--sctp\t	SCTP mode\n\
1461 	\t--tun tundev	Use tun device rather than stdio\n\
1462 	\t-O length	TCP send buffer length\n\
1463 	\t-P proxyuser\tUsername for proxy authentication\n\
1464 	\t-p port\t	Specify local port for remote connects\n\
1465 	\t-r		Randomize remote ports\n\
1466 	\t-S		Enable the TCP MD5 signature option\n\
1467 	\t-s addr\t	Local source address\n\
1468 	\t-T toskeyword\tSet IP Type of Service\n\
1469 	\t-t		Answer TELNET negotiation\n\
1470 	\t-U		Use UNIX domain socket\n\
1471 	\t-u		UDP mode\n\
1472 	\t-V rtable	Specify alternate routing table\n\
1473 	\t-v		Verbose\n\
1474 	\t-w secs\t	Timeout for connects and final net reads\n\
1475 	\t-X proto	Proxy protocol: \"4\", \"5\" (SOCKS) or \"connect\"\n\
1476 	\t-x addr[:port]\tSpecify proxy address and port\n\
1477 	\t-z		Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]\n\
1478 	Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]\n");
1479 #ifdef IPSEC
1480 	fprintf(stderr, "\tSee ipsec_set_policy(3) for -e argument format\n");
1481 #endif
1482 	exit(1);
1483 }
1484 
1485 #ifdef IPSEC
1486 void
1487 add_ipsec_policy(int s, int af, char *policy)
1488 {
1489 	char *raw;
1490 	int e;
1491 
1492 	raw = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
1493 	if (raw == NULL)
1494 		errx(1, "ipsec_set_policy `%s': %s", policy,
1495 		     ipsec_strerror());
1496 	if (af == AF_INET)
1497 		e = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, raw,
1498 		    ipsec_get_policylen(raw));
1499 	if (af == AF_INET6)
1500 		e = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY, raw,
1501 		    ipsec_get_policylen(raw));
1502 	if (e < 0)
1503 		err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
1504 	free(raw);
1505 	if (vflag)
1506 		fprintf(stderr, "ipsec policy configured: `%s'\n", policy);
1507 	return;
1508 }
1509 #endif /* IPSEC */
1510 
1511 void
1512 usage(int ret)
1513 {
1514 	fprintf(stderr,
1515 #ifdef IPSEC
1516 	    "usage: nc [-46DdEFhklNnrStUuvz] [-e policy] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]\n"
1517 #else
1518 	    "usage: nc [-46DdFhklNnrStUuvz] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]\n"
1519 #endif
1520 	    "\t  [--no-tcpopt] [--sctp]\n"
1521 	    "\t  [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-s source] [-T ToS]\n"
1522 	    "\t  [--tun tundev] [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol]\n"
1523 	    "\t  [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]\n");
1524 	if (ret)
1525 		exit(1);
1526 }
1527