xref: /freebsd/contrib/netcat/netcat.c (revision 6486b015fc84e96725fef22b0e3363351399ae83)
1 /* $OpenBSD: netcat.c,v 1.101 2011/06/21 17:31:07 mikeb Exp $ */
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2001 Eric Jackson <ericj@monkey.org>
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15  *   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 /*
32  * Re-written nc(1) for OpenBSD. Original implementation by
33  * *Hobbit* <hobbit@avian.org>.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/limits.h>
37 #include <sys/types.h>
38 #include <sys/socket.h>
39 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
40 #include <sys/time.h>
41 #include <sys/un.h>
42 
43 #include <netinet/in.h>
44 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
45 #ifdef IPSEC
46 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
47 #endif
48 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
49 #include <netinet/ip.h>
50 #include <arpa/telnet.h>
51 
52 #include <err.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <getopt.h>
55 #include <netdb.h>
56 #include <poll.h>
57 #include <stdarg.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 #include <fcntl.h>
63 #include <limits.h>
64 #include "atomicio.h"
65 
66 #ifndef SUN_LEN
67 #define SUN_LEN(su) \
68 	(sizeof(*(su)) - sizeof((su)->sun_path) + strlen((su)->sun_path))
69 #endif
70 
71 #define PORT_MAX	65535
72 #define PORT_MAX_LEN	6
73 #define UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE	19
74 
75 /* Command Line Options */
76 int	dflag;					/* detached, no stdin */
77 unsigned int iflag;				/* Interval Flag */
78 int	jflag;					/* use jumbo frames if we can */
79 int	kflag;					/* More than one connect */
80 int	lflag;					/* Bind to local port */
81 int	nflag;					/* Don't do name look up */
82 int	FreeBSD_Oflag;				/* Do not use TCP options */
83 char   *Pflag;					/* Proxy username */
84 char   *pflag;					/* Localport flag */
85 int	rflag;					/* Random ports flag */
86 char   *sflag;					/* Source Address */
87 int	tflag;					/* Telnet Emulation */
88 int	uflag;					/* UDP - Default to TCP */
89 int	vflag;					/* Verbosity */
90 int	xflag;					/* Socks proxy */
91 int	zflag;					/* Port Scan Flag */
92 int	Dflag;					/* sodebug */
93 int	Iflag;					/* TCP receive buffer size */
94 int	Oflag;					/* TCP send buffer size */
95 int	Sflag;					/* TCP MD5 signature option */
96 int	Tflag = -1;				/* IP Type of Service */
97 u_int	rtableid;
98 
99 int timeout = -1;
100 int family = AF_UNSPEC;
101 char *portlist[PORT_MAX+1];
102 char *unix_dg_tmp_socket;
103 
104 void	atelnet(int, unsigned char *, unsigned int);
105 void	build_ports(char *);
106 void	help(void);
107 int	local_listen(char *, char *, struct addrinfo);
108 void	readwrite(int);
109 int	remote_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo);
110 int	socks_connect(const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo,
111 	    const char *, const char *, struct addrinfo, int, const char *);
112 int	udptest(int);
113 int	unix_bind(char *);
114 int	unix_connect(char *);
115 int	unix_listen(char *);
116 void	set_common_sockopts(int);
117 int	parse_iptos(char *);
118 void	usage(int);
119 
120 #ifdef IPSEC
121 void	add_ipsec_policy(int, char *);
122 
123 char	*ipsec_policy[2];
124 #endif
125 
126 int
127 main(int argc, char *argv[])
128 {
129 	int ch, s, ret, socksv, ipsec_count;
130 	int numfibs;
131 	size_t intsize = sizeof(int);
132 	char *host, *uport;
133 	struct addrinfo hints;
134 	struct servent *sv;
135 	socklen_t len;
136 	struct sockaddr_storage cliaddr;
137 	char *proxy;
138 	const char *errstr, *proxyhost = "", *proxyport = NULL;
139 	struct addrinfo proxyhints;
140 	char unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf[UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE];
141 	struct option longopts[] = {
142 		{ "no-tcpopt",	no_argument,	&FreeBSD_Oflag,	1 },
143 		{ NULL,		0,		NULL,		0 }
144 	};
145 
146 	ret = 1;
147 	ipsec_count = 0;
148 	s = 0;
149 	socksv = 5;
150 	host = NULL;
151 	uport = NULL;
152 	sv = NULL;
153 
154 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv,
155 	    "46DdEe:hI:i:jklnoO:P:p:rSs:tT:UuV:vw:X:x:z",
156 	    longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
157 		switch (ch) {
158 		case '4':
159 			family = AF_INET;
160 			break;
161 		case '6':
162 			family = AF_INET6;
163 			break;
164 		case 'U':
165 			family = AF_UNIX;
166 			break;
167 		case 'X':
168 			if (strcasecmp(optarg, "connect") == 0)
169 				socksv = -1; /* HTTP proxy CONNECT */
170 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "4") == 0)
171 				socksv = 4; /* SOCKS v.4 */
172 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "5") == 0)
173 				socksv = 5; /* SOCKS v.5 */
174 			else
175 				errx(1, "unsupported proxy protocol");
176 			break;
177 		case 'd':
178 			dflag = 1;
179 			break;
180 		case 'e':
181 #ifdef IPSEC
182 			ipsec_policy[ipsec_count++ % 2] = optarg;
183 #else
184 			errx(1, "IPsec support unavailable.");
185 #endif
186 			break;
187 		case 'E':
188 #ifdef IPSEC
189 			ipsec_policy[0] = "in  ipsec esp/transport//require";
190 			ipsec_policy[1] = "out ipsec esp/transport//require";
191 #else
192 			errx(1, "IPsec support unavailable.");
193 #endif
194 			break;
195 		case 'h':
196 			help();
197 			break;
198 		case 'i':
199 			iflag = strtonum(optarg, 0, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
200 			if (errstr)
201 				errx(1, "interval %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
202 			break;
203 #ifdef SO_JUMBO
204 		case 'j':
205 			jflag = 1;
206 			break;
207 #endif
208 		case 'k':
209 			kflag = 1;
210 			break;
211 		case 'l':
212 			lflag = 1;
213 			break;
214 		case 'n':
215 			nflag = 1;
216 			break;
217 		case 'o':
218 			fprintf(stderr, "option -o is deprecated.\n");
219 			break;
220 		case 'P':
221 			Pflag = optarg;
222 			break;
223 		case 'p':
224 			pflag = optarg;
225 			break;
226 		case 'r':
227 			rflag = 1;
228 			break;
229 		case 's':
230 			sflag = optarg;
231 			break;
232 		case 't':
233 			tflag = 1;
234 			break;
235 		case 'u':
236 			uflag = 1;
237 			break;
238 		case 'V':
239 			if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", &numfibs, &intsize, NULL, 0) == -1)
240 				errx(1, "Multiple FIBS not supported");
241 			rtableid = (unsigned int)strtonum(optarg, 0,
242 			    numfibs - 1, &errstr);
243 			if (errstr)
244 				errx(1, "rtable %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
245 			break;
246 		case 'v':
247 			vflag = 1;
248 			break;
249 		case 'w':
250 			timeout = strtonum(optarg, 0, INT_MAX / 1000, &errstr);
251 			if (errstr)
252 				errx(1, "timeout %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
253 			timeout *= 1000;
254 			break;
255 		case 'x':
256 			xflag = 1;
257 			if ((proxy = strdup(optarg)) == NULL)
258 				err(1, NULL);
259 			break;
260 		case 'z':
261 			zflag = 1;
262 			break;
263 		case 'D':
264 			Dflag = 1;
265 			break;
266 		case 'I':
267 			Iflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
268 			if (errstr != NULL)
269 				errx(1, "TCP receive window %s: %s",
270 				    errstr, optarg);
271 			break;
272 		case 'O':
273 			Oflag = strtonum(optarg, 1, 65536 << 14, &errstr);
274 			if (errstr != NULL) {
275 			    if (strcmp(errstr, "invalid") != 0)
276 				errx(1, "TCP send window %s: %s",
277 				    errstr, optarg);
278 			}
279 			break;
280 		case 'S':
281 			Sflag = 1;
282 			break;
283 		case 'T':
284 			Tflag = parse_iptos(optarg);
285 			break;
286 		default:
287 			usage(1);
288 		}
289 	}
290 	argc -= optind;
291 	argv += optind;
292 
293 	/* Cruft to make sure options are clean, and used properly. */
294 	if (argv[0] && !argv[1] && family == AF_UNIX) {
295 		host = argv[0];
296 		uport = NULL;
297 	} else if (argv[0] && !argv[1]) {
298 		if  (!lflag)
299 			usage(1);
300 		uport = argv[0];
301 		host = NULL;
302 	} else if (argv[0] && argv[1]) {
303 		host = argv[0];
304 		uport = argv[1];
305 	} else
306 		usage(1);
307 
308 	if (lflag && sflag)
309 		errx(1, "cannot use -s and -l");
310 	if (lflag && pflag)
311 		errx(1, "cannot use -p and -l");
312 	if (lflag && zflag)
313 		errx(1, "cannot use -z and -l");
314 	if (!lflag && kflag)
315 		errx(1, "must use -l with -k");
316 
317 	/* Get name of temporary socket for unix datagram client */
318 	if ((family == AF_UNIX) && uflag && !lflag) {
319 		if (sflag) {
320 			unix_dg_tmp_socket = sflag;
321 		} else {
322 			strlcpy(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf, "/tmp/nc.XXXXXXXXXX",
323 				UNIX_DG_TMP_SOCKET_SIZE);
324 			if (mktemp(unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf) == NULL)
325 				err(1, "mktemp");
326 			unix_dg_tmp_socket = unix_dg_tmp_socket_buf;
327 		}
328 	}
329 
330 	/* Initialize addrinfo structure. */
331 	if (family != AF_UNIX) {
332 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
333 		hints.ai_family = family;
334 		hints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
335 		hints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP : IPPROTO_TCP;
336 		if (nflag)
337 			hints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
338 	}
339 
340 	if (xflag) {
341 		if (uflag)
342 			errx(1, "no proxy support for UDP mode");
343 
344 		if (lflag)
345 			errx(1, "no proxy support for listen");
346 
347 		if (family == AF_UNIX)
348 			errx(1, "no proxy support for unix sockets");
349 
350 		/* XXX IPv6 transport to proxy would probably work */
351 		if (family == AF_INET6)
352 			errx(1, "no proxy support for IPv6");
353 
354 		if (sflag)
355 			errx(1, "no proxy support for local source address");
356 
357 		proxyhost = strsep(&proxy, ":");
358 		proxyport = proxy;
359 
360 		memset(&proxyhints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
361 		proxyhints.ai_family = family;
362 		proxyhints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
363 		proxyhints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
364 		if (nflag)
365 			proxyhints.ai_flags |= AI_NUMERICHOST;
366 	}
367 
368 	if (lflag) {
369 		int connfd;
370 		ret = 0;
371 
372 		if (family == AF_UNIX) {
373 			if (uflag)
374 				s = unix_bind(host);
375 			else
376 				s = unix_listen(host);
377 		}
378 
379 		/* Allow only one connection at a time, but stay alive. */
380 		for (;;) {
381 			if (family != AF_UNIX)
382 				s = local_listen(host, uport, hints);
383 			if (s < 0)
384 				err(1, NULL);
385 			/*
386 			 * For UDP, we will use recvfrom() initially
387 			 * to wait for a caller, then use the regular
388 			 * functions to talk to the caller.
389 			 */
390 			if (uflag) {
391 				int rv, plen;
392 				char buf[16384];
393 				struct sockaddr_storage z;
394 
395 				len = sizeof(z);
396 				plen = jflag ? 16384 : 2048;
397 				rv = recvfrom(s, buf, plen, MSG_PEEK,
398 				    (struct sockaddr *)&z, &len);
399 				if (rv < 0)
400 					err(1, "recvfrom");
401 
402 				rv = connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&z, len);
403 				if (rv < 0)
404 					err(1, "connect");
405 
406 				readwrite(s);
407 			} else {
408 				len = sizeof(cliaddr);
409 				connfd = accept(s, (struct sockaddr *)&cliaddr,
410 				    &len);
411 				readwrite(connfd);
412 				close(connfd);
413 			}
414 
415 			if (family != AF_UNIX)
416 				close(s);
417 			else if (uflag) {
418 				if (connect(s, NULL, 0) < 0)
419 					err(1, "connect");
420 			}
421 
422 			if (!kflag)
423 				break;
424 		}
425 	} else if (family == AF_UNIX) {
426 		ret = 0;
427 
428 		if ((s = unix_connect(host)) > 0 && !zflag) {
429 			readwrite(s);
430 			close(s);
431 		} else
432 			ret = 1;
433 
434 		if (uflag)
435 			unlink(unix_dg_tmp_socket);
436 		exit(ret);
437 
438 	} else {
439 		int i = 0;
440 
441 		/* Construct the portlist[] array. */
442 		build_ports(uport);
443 
444 		/* Cycle through portlist, connecting to each port. */
445 		for (i = 0; portlist[i] != NULL; i++) {
446 			if (s)
447 				close(s);
448 
449 			if (xflag)
450 				s = socks_connect(host, portlist[i], hints,
451 				    proxyhost, proxyport, proxyhints, socksv,
452 				    Pflag);
453 			else
454 				s = remote_connect(host, portlist[i], hints);
455 
456 			if (s < 0)
457 				continue;
458 
459 			ret = 0;
460 			if (vflag || zflag) {
461 				/* For UDP, make sure we are connected. */
462 				if (uflag) {
463 					if (udptest(s) == -1) {
464 						ret = 1;
465 						continue;
466 					}
467 				}
468 
469 				/* Don't look up port if -n. */
470 				if (nflag)
471 					sv = NULL;
472 				else {
473 					sv = getservbyport(
474 					    ntohs(atoi(portlist[i])),
475 					    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");
476 				}
477 
478 				fprintf(stderr,
479 				    "Connection to %s %s port [%s/%s] "
480 				    "succeeded!\n", host, portlist[i],
481 				    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp",
482 				    sv ? sv->s_name : "*");
483 			}
484 			if (!zflag)
485 				readwrite(s);
486 		}
487 	}
488 
489 	if (s)
490 		close(s);
491 
492 	exit(ret);
493 }
494 
495 /*
496  * unix_bind()
497  * Returns a unix socket bound to the given path
498  */
499 int
500 unix_bind(char *path)
501 {
502 	struct sockaddr_un sun;
503 	int s;
504 
505 	/* Create unix domain socket. */
506 	if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM,
507 	     0)) < 0)
508 		return (-1);
509 
510 	memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
511 	sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
512 
513 	if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
514 	    sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
515 		close(s);
516 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
517 		return (-1);
518 	}
519 
520 	if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
521 		close(s);
522 		return (-1);
523 	}
524 	return (s);
525 }
526 
527 /*
528  * unix_connect()
529  * Returns a socket connected to a local unix socket. Returns -1 on failure.
530  */
531 int
532 unix_connect(char *path)
533 {
534 	struct sockaddr_un sun;
535 	int s;
536 
537 	if (uflag) {
538 		if ((s = unix_bind(unix_dg_tmp_socket)) < 0)
539 			return (-1);
540 	} else {
541 		if ((s = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
542 			return (-1);
543 	}
544 	(void)fcntl(s, F_SETFD, 1);
545 
546 	memset(&sun, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_un));
547 	sun.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
548 
549 	if (strlcpy(sun.sun_path, path, sizeof(sun.sun_path)) >=
550 	    sizeof(sun.sun_path)) {
551 		close(s);
552 		errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
553 		return (-1);
554 	}
555 	if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sun, SUN_LEN(&sun)) < 0) {
556 		close(s);
557 		return (-1);
558 	}
559 	return (s);
560 
561 }
562 
563 /*
564  * unix_listen()
565  * Create a unix domain socket, and listen on it.
566  */
567 int
568 unix_listen(char *path)
569 {
570 	int s;
571 	if ((s = unix_bind(path)) < 0)
572 		return (-1);
573 
574 	if (listen(s, 5) < 0) {
575 		close(s);
576 		return (-1);
577 	}
578 	return (s);
579 }
580 
581 /*
582  * remote_connect()
583  * Returns a socket connected to a remote host. Properly binds to a local
584  * port or source address if needed. Returns -1 on failure.
585  */
586 int
587 remote_connect(const char *host, const char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
588 {
589 	struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
590 	int s, error, on = 1;
591 
592 	if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
593 		errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
594 
595 	res0 = res;
596 	do {
597 		if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
598 		    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
599 			continue;
600 #ifdef IPSEC
601 		if (ipsec_policy[0] != NULL)
602 			add_ipsec_policy(s, ipsec_policy[0]);
603 		if (ipsec_policy[1] != NULL)
604 			add_ipsec_policy(s, ipsec_policy[1]);
605 #endif
606 
607 		if (rtableid) {
608 			if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, &rtableid,
609 			    sizeof(rtableid)) == -1)
610 				err(1, "setsockopt(.., SO_SETFIB, %u, ..)",
611 				    rtableid);
612 		}
613 
614 		/* Bind to a local port or source address if specified. */
615 		if (sflag || pflag) {
616 			struct addrinfo ahints, *ares;
617 
618 			/* try IP_BINDANY, but don't insist */
619 			setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_BINDANY, &on, sizeof(on));
620 			memset(&ahints, 0, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
621 			ahints.ai_family = res0->ai_family;
622 			ahints.ai_socktype = uflag ? SOCK_DGRAM : SOCK_STREAM;
623 			ahints.ai_protocol = uflag ? IPPROTO_UDP : IPPROTO_TCP;
624 			ahints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
625 			if ((error = getaddrinfo(sflag, pflag, &ahints, &ares)))
626 				errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
627 
628 			if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)ares->ai_addr,
629 			    ares->ai_addrlen) < 0)
630 				errx(1, "bind failed: %s", strerror(errno));
631 			freeaddrinfo(ares);
632 		}
633 
634 		set_common_sockopts(s);
635 
636 		if (connect(s, res0->ai_addr, res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
637 			break;
638 		else if (vflag)
639 			warn("connect to %s port %s (%s) failed", host, port,
640 			    uflag ? "udp" : "tcp");
641 
642 		close(s);
643 		s = -1;
644 	} while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);
645 
646 	freeaddrinfo(res);
647 
648 	return (s);
649 }
650 
651 /*
652  * local_listen()
653  * Returns a socket listening on a local port, binds to specified source
654  * address. Returns -1 on failure.
655  */
656 int
657 local_listen(char *host, char *port, struct addrinfo hints)
658 {
659 	struct addrinfo *res, *res0;
660 	int s, ret, x = 1;
661 	int error;
662 
663 	/* Allow nodename to be null. */
664 	hints.ai_flags |= AI_PASSIVE;
665 
666 	/*
667 	 * In the case of binding to a wildcard address
668 	 * default to binding to an ipv4 address.
669 	 */
670 	if (host == NULL && hints.ai_family == AF_UNSPEC)
671 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
672 
673 	if ((error = getaddrinfo(host, port, &hints, &res)))
674 		errx(1, "getaddrinfo: %s", gai_strerror(error));
675 
676 	res0 = res;
677 	do {
678 		if ((s = socket(res0->ai_family, res0->ai_socktype,
679 		    res0->ai_protocol)) < 0)
680 			continue;
681 
682 		if (rtableid) {
683 			ret = setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, &rtableid,
684 			    sizeof(rtableid));
685 			if (ret == -1)
686 				err(1, "setsockopt(.., SO_SETFIB, %u, ..)",
687 				    rtableid);
688 		}
689 
690 		ret = setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEPORT, &x, sizeof(x));
691 		if (ret == -1)
692 			err(1, NULL);
693 #ifdef IPSEC
694 		if (ipsec_policy[0] != NULL)
695 			add_ipsec_policy(s, ipsec_policy[0]);
696 		if (ipsec_policy[1] != NULL)
697 			add_ipsec_policy(s, ipsec_policy[1]);
698 #endif
699 		if (FreeBSD_Oflag) {
700 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NOOPT,
701 			    &FreeBSD_Oflag, sizeof(FreeBSD_Oflag)) == -1)
702 				err(1, "disable TCP options");
703 		}
704 
705 		if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)res0->ai_addr,
706 		    res0->ai_addrlen) == 0)
707 			break;
708 
709 		close(s);
710 		s = -1;
711 	} while ((res0 = res0->ai_next) != NULL);
712 
713 	if (!uflag && s != -1) {
714 		if (listen(s, 1) < 0)
715 			err(1, "listen");
716 	}
717 
718 	freeaddrinfo(res);
719 
720 	return (s);
721 }
722 
723 /*
724  * readwrite()
725  * Loop that polls on the network file descriptor and stdin.
726  */
727 void
728 readwrite(int nfd)
729 {
730 	struct pollfd pfd[2];
731 	unsigned char buf[16384];
732 	int n, wfd = fileno(stdin);
733 	int lfd = fileno(stdout);
734 	int plen;
735 
736 	plen = jflag ? 16384 : 2048;
737 
738 	/* Setup Network FD */
739 	pfd[0].fd = nfd;
740 	pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
741 
742 	/* Set up STDIN FD. */
743 	pfd[1].fd = wfd;
744 	pfd[1].events = POLLIN;
745 
746 	while (pfd[0].fd != -1) {
747 		if (iflag)
748 			sleep(iflag);
749 
750 		if ((n = poll(pfd, 2 - dflag, timeout)) < 0) {
751 			close(nfd);
752 			err(1, "Polling Error");
753 		}
754 
755 		if (n == 0)
756 			return;
757 
758 		if (pfd[0].revents & POLLIN) {
759 			if ((n = read(nfd, buf, plen)) < 0)
760 				return;
761 			else if (n == 0) {
762 				shutdown(nfd, SHUT_RD);
763 				pfd[0].fd = -1;
764 				pfd[0].events = 0;
765 			} else {
766 				if (tflag)
767 					atelnet(nfd, buf, n);
768 				if (atomicio(vwrite, lfd, buf, n) != n)
769 					return;
770 			}
771 		}
772 
773 		if (!dflag && pfd[1].revents & POLLIN) {
774 			if ((n = read(wfd, buf, plen)) < 0)
775 				return;
776 			else if (n == 0) {
777 				shutdown(nfd, SHUT_WR);
778 				pfd[1].fd = -1;
779 				pfd[1].events = 0;
780 			} else {
781 				if (atomicio(vwrite, nfd, buf, n) != n)
782 					return;
783 			}
784 		}
785 	}
786 }
787 
788 /* Deal with RFC 854 WILL/WONT DO/DONT negotiation. */
789 void
790 atelnet(int nfd, unsigned char *buf, unsigned int size)
791 {
792 	unsigned char *p, *end;
793 	unsigned char obuf[4];
794 
795 	if (size < 3)
796 		return;
797 	end = buf + size - 2;
798 
799 	for (p = buf; p < end; p++) {
800 		if (*p != IAC)
801 			continue;
802 
803 		obuf[0] = IAC;
804 		p++;
805 		if ((*p == WILL) || (*p == WONT))
806 			obuf[1] = DONT;
807 		else if ((*p == DO) || (*p == DONT))
808 			obuf[1] = WONT;
809 		else
810 			continue;
811 
812 		p++;
813 		obuf[2] = *p;
814 		if (atomicio(vwrite, nfd, obuf, 3) != 3)
815 			warn("Write Error!");
816 	}
817 }
818 
819 /*
820  * build_ports()
821  * Build an array or ports in portlist[], listing each port
822  * that we should try to connect to.
823  */
824 void
825 build_ports(char *p)
826 {
827 	const char *errstr;
828 	char *n;
829 	int hi, lo, cp;
830 	int x = 0;
831 
832 	if ((n = strchr(p, '-')) != NULL) {
833 		if (lflag)
834 			errx(1, "Cannot use -l with multiple ports!");
835 
836 		*n = '\0';
837 		n++;
838 
839 		/* Make sure the ports are in order: lowest->highest. */
840 		hi = strtonum(n, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
841 		if (errstr)
842 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, n);
843 		lo = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
844 		if (errstr)
845 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
846 
847 		if (lo > hi) {
848 			cp = hi;
849 			hi = lo;
850 			lo = cp;
851 		}
852 
853 		/* Load ports sequentially. */
854 		for (cp = lo; cp <= hi; cp++) {
855 			portlist[x] = calloc(1, PORT_MAX_LEN);
856 			if (portlist[x] == NULL)
857 				err(1, NULL);
858 			snprintf(portlist[x], PORT_MAX_LEN, "%d", cp);
859 			x++;
860 		}
861 
862 		/* Randomly swap ports. */
863 		if (rflag) {
864 			int y;
865 			char *c;
866 
867 			for (x = 0; x <= (hi - lo); x++) {
868 				y = (arc4random() & 0xFFFF) % (hi - lo);
869 				c = portlist[x];
870 				portlist[x] = portlist[y];
871 				portlist[y] = c;
872 			}
873 		}
874 	} else {
875 		hi = strtonum(p, 1, PORT_MAX, &errstr);
876 		if (errstr)
877 			errx(1, "port number %s: %s", errstr, p);
878 		portlist[0] = strdup(p);
879 		if (portlist[0] == NULL)
880 			err(1, NULL);
881 	}
882 }
883 
884 /*
885  * udptest()
886  * Do a few writes to see if the UDP port is there.
887  * XXX - Better way of doing this? Doesn't work for IPv6.
888  * Also fails after around 100 ports checked.
889  */
890 int
891 udptest(int s)
892 {
893 	int i, ret;
894 
895 	for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
896 		if (write(s, "X", 1) == 1)
897 			ret = 1;
898 		else
899 			ret = -1;
900 	}
901 	return (ret);
902 }
903 
904 void
905 set_common_sockopts(int s)
906 {
907 	int x = 1;
908 
909 	if (Sflag) {
910 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_MD5SIG,
911 			&x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
912 			err(1, NULL);
913 	}
914 	if (Dflag) {
915 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
916 			&x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
917 			err(1, NULL);
918 	}
919 #ifdef SO_JUMBO
920 	if (jflag) {
921 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_JUMBO,
922 			&x, sizeof(x)) == -1)
923 			err(1, NULL);
924 	}
925 #endif
926 	if (Tflag != -1) {
927 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS,
928 		    &Tflag, sizeof(Tflag)) == -1)
929 			err(1, "set IP ToS");
930 	}
931 	if (Iflag) {
932 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
933 		    &Iflag, sizeof(Iflag)) == -1)
934 			err(1, "set TCP receive buffer size");
935 	}
936 	if (Oflag) {
937 		if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF,
938 		    &Oflag, sizeof(Oflag)) == -1)
939 			err(1, "set TCP send buffer size");
940 	}
941 	if (FreeBSD_Oflag) {
942 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NOOPT,
943 		    &FreeBSD_Oflag, sizeof(FreeBSD_Oflag)) == -1)
944 			err(1, "disable TCP options");
945 	}
946 }
947 
948 int
949 parse_iptos(char *s)
950 {
951 	int tos = -1;
952 
953 	if (strcmp(s, "lowdelay") == 0)
954 		return (IPTOS_LOWDELAY);
955 	if (strcmp(s, "throughput") == 0)
956 		return (IPTOS_THROUGHPUT);
957 	if (strcmp(s, "reliability") == 0)
958 		return (IPTOS_RELIABILITY);
959 
960 	if (sscanf(s, "0x%x", &tos) != 1 || tos < 0 || tos > 0xff)
961 		errx(1, "invalid IP Type of Service");
962 	return (tos);
963 }
964 
965 void
966 help(void)
967 {
968 	usage(0);
969 	fprintf(stderr, "\tCommand Summary:\n\
970 	\t-4		Use IPv4\n\
971 	\t-6		Use IPv6\n\
972 	\t-D		Enable the debug socket option\n\
973 	\t-d		Detach from stdin\n");
974 #ifdef IPSEC
975 	fprintf(stderr, "\
976 	\t-E		Use IPsec ESP\n\
977 	\t-e policy	Use specified IPsec policy\n");
978 #endif
979 	fprintf(stderr, "\
980 	\t-h		This help text\n\
981 	\t-I length	TCP receive buffer length\n\
982 	\t-i secs\t	Delay interval for lines sent, ports scanned\n\
983 	\t-k		Keep inbound sockets open for multiple connects\n\
984 	\t-l		Listen mode, for inbound connects\n\
985 	\t-n		Suppress name/port resolutions\n\
986 	\t--no-tcpopt	Disable TCP options\n\
987 	\t-O length	TCP send buffer length\n\
988 	\t-P proxyuser\tUsername for proxy authentication\n\
989 	\t-p port\t	Specify local port for remote connects\n\
990 	\t-r		Randomize remote ports\n\
991 	\t-S		Enable the TCP MD5 signature option\n\
992 	\t-s addr\t	Local source address\n\
993 	\t-T ToS\t	Set IP Type of Service\n\
994 	\t-t		Answer TELNET negotiation\n\
995 	\t-U		Use UNIX domain socket\n\
996 	\t-u		UDP mode\n\
997 	\t-V rtable	Specify alternate routing table\n\
998 	\t-v		Verbose\n\
999 	\t-w secs\t	Timeout for connects and final net reads\n\
1000 	\t-X proto	Proxy protocol: \"4\", \"5\" (SOCKS) or \"connect\"\n\
1001 	\t-x addr[:port]\tSpecify proxy address and port\n\
1002 	\t-z		Zero-I/O mode [used for scanning]\n\
1003 	Port numbers can be individual or ranges: lo-hi [inclusive]\n");
1004 #ifdef IPSEC
1005 	fprintf(stderr, "See ipsec_set_policy(3) for -e argument format\n");
1006 #endif
1007 	exit(1);
1008 }
1009 
1010 #ifdef IPSEC
1011 void
1012 add_ipsec_policy(int s, char *policy)
1013 {
1014 	char *raw;
1015 	int e;
1016 
1017 	raw = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
1018 	if (raw == NULL)
1019 		errx(1, "ipsec_set_policy `%s': %s", policy,
1020 		     ipsec_strerror());
1021 	e = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, raw,
1022 			ipsec_get_policylen(raw));
1023 	if (e < 0)
1024 		err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured");
1025 	free(raw);
1026 	if (vflag)
1027 		fprintf(stderr, "ipsec policy configured: `%s'\n", policy);
1028 	return;
1029 }
1030 #endif /* IPSEC */
1031 
1032 void
1033 usage(int ret)
1034 {
1035 	fprintf(stderr,
1036 #ifdef IPSEC
1037 	    "usage: nc [-46DdEhklnrStUuvz] [-e policy] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]\n"
1038 #else
1039 	    "usage: nc [-46DdhklnrStUuvz] [-I length] [-i interval] [-O length]\n"
1040 #endif
1041 	    "\t  [-P proxy_username] [-p source_port] [-s source] [-T ToS]\n"
1042 	    "\t  [-V rtable] [-w timeout] [-X proxy_protocol]\n"
1043 	    "\t  [-x proxy_address[:port]] [destination] [port]\n");
1044 	if (ret)
1045 		exit(1);
1046 }
1047