xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/llvm/lib/Target/PowerPC/PPCBranchCoalescing.cpp (revision a7dea1671b87c07d2d266f836bfa8b58efc7c134)
1 //===-- CoalesceBranches.cpp - Coalesce blocks with the same condition ---===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 ///
9 /// \file
10 /// Coalesce basic blocks guarded by the same branch condition into a single
11 /// basic block.
12 ///
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "PPC.h"
16 #include "llvm/ADT/BitVector.h"
17 #include "llvm/ADT/Statistic.h"
18 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineDominators.h"
19 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
20 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachinePostDominators.h"
21 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineRegisterInfo.h"
22 #include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
23 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetFrameLowering.h"
24 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetInstrInfo.h"
25 #include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetSubtargetInfo.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
27 
28 using namespace llvm;
29 
30 #define DEBUG_TYPE "ppc-branch-coalescing"
31 
32 STATISTIC(NumBlocksCoalesced, "Number of blocks coalesced");
33 STATISTIC(NumPHINotMoved, "Number of PHI Nodes that cannot be merged");
34 STATISTIC(NumBlocksNotCoalesced, "Number of blocks not coalesced");
35 
36 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
37 //                               PPCBranchCoalescing
38 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
39 ///
40 /// Improve scheduling by coalescing branches that depend on the same condition.
41 /// This pass looks for blocks that are guarded by the same branch condition
42 /// and attempts to merge the blocks together. Such opportunities arise from
43 /// the expansion of select statements in the IR.
44 ///
45 /// This pass does not handle implicit operands on branch statements. In order
46 /// to run on targets that use implicit operands, changes need to be made in the
47 /// canCoalesceBranch and canMerge methods.
48 ///
49 /// Example: the following LLVM IR
50 ///
51 ///     %test = icmp eq i32 %x 0
52 ///     %tmp1 = select i1 %test, double %a, double 2.000000e-03
53 ///     %tmp2 = select i1 %test, double %b, double 5.000000e-03
54 ///
55 /// expands to the following machine code:
56 ///
57 /// %bb.0: derived from LLVM BB %entry
58 ///    liveins: %f1 %f3 %x6
59 ///        <SNIP1>
60 ///        %0 = COPY %f1; F8RC:%0
61 ///        %5 = CMPLWI killed %4, 0; CRRC:%5 GPRC:%4
62 ///        %8 = LXSDX %zero8, killed %7, implicit %rm;
63 ///                    mem:LD8[ConstantPool] F8RC:%8 G8RC:%7
64 ///        BCC 76, %5, <%bb.2>; CRRC:%5
65 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.1(?%) %bb.2(?%)
66 ///
67 /// %bb.1: derived from LLVM BB %entry
68 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.0
69 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.2(?%)
70 ///
71 /// %bb.2: derived from LLVM BB %entry
72 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.0 %bb.1
73 ///        %9 = PHI %8, <%bb.1>, %0, <%bb.0>;
74 ///                    F8RC:%9,%8,%0
75 ///        <SNIP2>
76 ///        BCC 76, %5, <%bb.4>; CRRC:%5
77 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.3(?%) %bb.4(?%)
78 ///
79 /// %bb.3: derived from LLVM BB %entry
80 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.2
81 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.4(?%)
82 ///
83 /// %bb.4: derived from LLVM BB %entry
84 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.2 %bb.3
85 ///        %13 = PHI %12, <%bb.3>, %2, <%bb.2>;
86 ///                     F8RC:%13,%12,%2
87 ///        <SNIP3>
88 ///        BLR8 implicit %lr8, implicit %rm, implicit %f1
89 ///
90 /// When this pattern is detected, branch coalescing will try to collapse
91 /// it by moving code in %bb.2 to %bb.0 and/or %bb.4 and removing %bb.3.
92 ///
93 /// If all conditions are meet, IR should collapse to:
94 ///
95 /// %bb.0: derived from LLVM BB %entry
96 ///    liveins: %f1 %f3 %x6
97 ///        <SNIP1>
98 ///        %0 = COPY %f1; F8RC:%0
99 ///        %5 = CMPLWI killed %4, 0; CRRC:%5 GPRC:%4
100 ///        %8 = LXSDX %zero8, killed %7, implicit %rm;
101 ///                     mem:LD8[ConstantPool] F8RC:%8 G8RC:%7
102 ///        <SNIP2>
103 ///        BCC 76, %5, <%bb.4>; CRRC:%5
104 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.1(0x2aaaaaaa / 0x80000000 = 33.33%)
105 ///      %bb.4(0x55555554 / 0x80000000 = 66.67%)
106 ///
107 /// %bb.1: derived from LLVM BB %entry
108 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.0
109 ///    Successors according to CFG: %bb.4(0x40000000 / 0x80000000 = 50.00%)
110 ///
111 /// %bb.4: derived from LLVM BB %entry
112 ///    Predecessors according to CFG: %bb.0 %bb.1
113 ///        %9 = PHI %8, <%bb.1>, %0, <%bb.0>;
114 ///                    F8RC:%9,%8,%0
115 ///        %13 = PHI %12, <%bb.1>, %2, <%bb.0>;
116 ///                     F8RC:%13,%12,%2
117 ///        <SNIP3>
118 ///        BLR8 implicit %lr8, implicit %rm, implicit %f1
119 ///
120 /// Branch Coalescing does not split blocks, it moves everything in the same
121 /// direction ensuring it does not break use/definition semantics.
122 ///
123 /// PHI nodes and its corresponding use instructions are moved to its successor
124 /// block if there are no uses within the successor block PHI nodes.  PHI
125 /// node ordering cannot be assumed.
126 ///
127 /// Non-PHI can be moved up to the predecessor basic block or down to the
128 /// successor basic block following any PHI instructions. Whether it moves
129 /// up or down depends on whether the register(s) defined in the instructions
130 /// are used in current block or in any PHI instructions at the beginning of
131 /// the successor block.
132 
133 namespace {
134 
135 class PPCBranchCoalescing : public MachineFunctionPass {
136   struct CoalescingCandidateInfo {
137     MachineBasicBlock *BranchBlock;       // Block containing the branch
138     MachineBasicBlock *BranchTargetBlock; // Block branched to
139     MachineBasicBlock *FallThroughBlock;  // Fall-through if branch not taken
140     SmallVector<MachineOperand, 4> Cond;
141     bool MustMoveDown;
142     bool MustMoveUp;
143 
144     CoalescingCandidateInfo();
145     void clear();
146   };
147 
148   MachineDominatorTree *MDT;
149   MachinePostDominatorTree *MPDT;
150   const TargetInstrInfo *TII;
151   MachineRegisterInfo *MRI;
152 
153   void initialize(MachineFunction &F);
154   bool canCoalesceBranch(CoalescingCandidateInfo &Cand);
155   bool identicalOperands(ArrayRef<MachineOperand> OperandList1,
156                          ArrayRef<MachineOperand> OperandList2) const;
157   bool validateCandidates(CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
158                           CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion) const;
159 
160 public:
161   static char ID;
162 
163   PPCBranchCoalescing() : MachineFunctionPass(ID) {
164     initializePPCBranchCoalescingPass(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
165   }
166 
167   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const override {
168     AU.addRequired<MachineDominatorTree>();
169     AU.addRequired<MachinePostDominatorTree>();
170     MachineFunctionPass::getAnalysisUsage(AU);
171   }
172 
173   StringRef getPassName() const override { return "Branch Coalescing"; }
174 
175   bool mergeCandidates(CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
176                        CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion);
177   bool canMoveToBeginning(const MachineInstr &MI,
178                           const MachineBasicBlock &MBB) const;
179   bool canMoveToEnd(const MachineInstr &MI,
180                     const MachineBasicBlock &MBB) const;
181   bool canMerge(CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
182                 CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion) const;
183   void moveAndUpdatePHIs(MachineBasicBlock *SourceRegionMBB,
184                          MachineBasicBlock *TargetRegionMBB);
185   bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) override;
186 };
187 } // End anonymous namespace.
188 
189 char PPCBranchCoalescing::ID = 0;
190 /// createPPCBranchCoalescingPass - returns an instance of the Branch Coalescing
191 /// Pass
192 FunctionPass *llvm::createPPCBranchCoalescingPass() {
193   return new PPCBranchCoalescing();
194 }
195 
196 INITIALIZE_PASS_BEGIN(PPCBranchCoalescing, DEBUG_TYPE,
197                       "Branch Coalescing", false, false)
198 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MachineDominatorTree)
199 INITIALIZE_PASS_DEPENDENCY(MachinePostDominatorTree)
200 INITIALIZE_PASS_END(PPCBranchCoalescing, DEBUG_TYPE, "Branch Coalescing",
201                     false, false)
202 
203 PPCBranchCoalescing::CoalescingCandidateInfo::CoalescingCandidateInfo()
204     : BranchBlock(nullptr), BranchTargetBlock(nullptr),
205       FallThroughBlock(nullptr), MustMoveDown(false), MustMoveUp(false) {}
206 
207 void PPCBranchCoalescing::CoalescingCandidateInfo::clear() {
208   BranchBlock = nullptr;
209   BranchTargetBlock = nullptr;
210   FallThroughBlock = nullptr;
211   Cond.clear();
212   MustMoveDown = false;
213   MustMoveUp = false;
214 }
215 
216 void PPCBranchCoalescing::initialize(MachineFunction &MF) {
217   MDT = &getAnalysis<MachineDominatorTree>();
218   MPDT = &getAnalysis<MachinePostDominatorTree>();
219   TII = MF.getSubtarget().getInstrInfo();
220   MRI = &MF.getRegInfo();
221 }
222 
223 ///
224 /// Analyze the branch statement to determine if it can be coalesced. This
225 /// method analyses the branch statement for the given candidate to determine
226 /// if it can be coalesced. If the branch can be coalesced, then the
227 /// BranchTargetBlock and the FallThroughBlock are recorded in the specified
228 /// Candidate.
229 ///
230 ///\param[in,out] Cand The coalescing candidate to analyze
231 ///\return true if and only if the branch can be coalesced, false otherwise
232 ///
233 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::canCoalesceBranch(CoalescingCandidateInfo &Cand) {
234   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Determine if branch block "
235                     << Cand.BranchBlock->getNumber() << " can be coalesced:");
236   MachineBasicBlock *FalseMBB = nullptr;
237 
238   if (TII->analyzeBranch(*Cand.BranchBlock, Cand.BranchTargetBlock, FalseMBB,
239                          Cand.Cond)) {
240     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "TII unable to Analyze Branch - skip\n");
241     return false;
242   }
243 
244   for (auto &I : Cand.BranchBlock->terminators()) {
245     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Looking at terminator : " << I << "\n");
246     if (!I.isBranch())
247       continue;
248 
249     // The analyzeBranch method does not include any implicit operands.
250     // This is not an issue on PPC but must be handled on other targets.
251     // For this pass to be made target-independent, the analyzeBranch API
252     // need to be updated to support implicit operands and there would
253     // need to be a way to verify that any implicit operands would not be
254     // clobbered by merging blocks.  This would include identifying the
255     // implicit operands as well as the basic block they are defined in.
256     // This could be done by changing the analyzeBranch API to have it also
257     // record and return the implicit operands and the blocks where they are
258     // defined. Alternatively, the BranchCoalescing code would need to be
259     // extended to identify the implicit operands.  The analysis in canMerge
260     // must then be extended to prove that none of the implicit operands are
261     // changed in the blocks that are combined during coalescing.
262     if (I.getNumOperands() != I.getNumExplicitOperands()) {
263       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Terminator contains implicit operands - skip : "
264                         << I << "\n");
265       return false;
266     }
267   }
268 
269   if (Cand.BranchBlock->isEHPad() || Cand.BranchBlock->hasEHPadSuccessor()) {
270     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "EH Pad - skip\n");
271     return false;
272   }
273 
274   // For now only consider triangles (i.e, BranchTargetBlock is set,
275   // FalseMBB is null, and BranchTargetBlock is a successor to BranchBlock)
276   if (!Cand.BranchTargetBlock || FalseMBB ||
277       !Cand.BranchBlock->isSuccessor(Cand.BranchTargetBlock)) {
278     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Does not form a triangle - skip\n");
279     return false;
280   }
281 
282   // Ensure there are only two successors
283   if (Cand.BranchBlock->succ_size() != 2) {
284     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Does not have 2 successors - skip\n");
285     return false;
286   }
287 
288   // Sanity check - the block must be able to fall through
289   assert(Cand.BranchBlock->canFallThrough() &&
290          "Expecting the block to fall through!");
291 
292   // We have already ensured there are exactly two successors to
293   // BranchBlock and that BranchTargetBlock is a successor to BranchBlock.
294   // Ensure the single fall though block is empty.
295   MachineBasicBlock *Succ =
296     (*Cand.BranchBlock->succ_begin() == Cand.BranchTargetBlock)
297     ? *Cand.BranchBlock->succ_rbegin()
298     : *Cand.BranchBlock->succ_begin();
299 
300   assert(Succ && "Expecting a valid fall-through block\n");
301 
302   if (!Succ->empty()) {
303     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Fall-through block contains code -- skip\n");
304     return false;
305   }
306 
307   if (!Succ->isSuccessor(Cand.BranchTargetBlock)) {
308     LLVM_DEBUG(
309         dbgs()
310         << "Successor of fall through block is not branch taken block\n");
311     return false;
312   }
313 
314   Cand.FallThroughBlock = Succ;
315   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Valid Candidate\n");
316   return true;
317 }
318 
319 ///
320 /// Determine if the two operand lists are identical
321 ///
322 /// \param[in] OpList1 operand list
323 /// \param[in] OpList2 operand list
324 /// \return true if and only if the operands lists are identical
325 ///
326 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::identicalOperands(
327     ArrayRef<MachineOperand> OpList1, ArrayRef<MachineOperand> OpList2) const {
328 
329   if (OpList1.size() != OpList2.size()) {
330     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Operand list is different size\n");
331     return false;
332   }
333 
334   for (unsigned i = 0; i < OpList1.size(); ++i) {
335     const MachineOperand &Op1 = OpList1[i];
336     const MachineOperand &Op2 = OpList2[i];
337 
338     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Op1: " << Op1 << "\n"
339                       << "Op2: " << Op2 << "\n");
340 
341     if (Op1.isIdenticalTo(Op2)) {
342       // filter out instructions with physical-register uses
343       if (Op1.isReg() &&
344           Register::isPhysicalRegister(Op1.getReg())
345           // If the physical register is constant then we can assume the value
346           // has not changed between uses.
347           && !(Op1.isUse() && MRI->isConstantPhysReg(Op1.getReg()))) {
348         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "The operands are not provably identical.\n");
349         return false;
350       }
351       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Op1 and Op2 are identical!\n");
352       continue;
353     }
354 
355     // If the operands are not identical, but are registers, check to see if the
356     // definition of the register produces the same value. If they produce the
357     // same value, consider them to be identical.
358     if (Op1.isReg() && Op2.isReg() &&
359         Register::isVirtualRegister(Op1.getReg()) &&
360         Register::isVirtualRegister(Op2.getReg())) {
361       MachineInstr *Op1Def = MRI->getVRegDef(Op1.getReg());
362       MachineInstr *Op2Def = MRI->getVRegDef(Op2.getReg());
363       if (TII->produceSameValue(*Op1Def, *Op2Def, MRI)) {
364         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Op1Def: " << *Op1Def << " and " << *Op2Def
365                           << " produce the same value!\n");
366       } else {
367         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Operands produce different values\n");
368         return false;
369       }
370     } else {
371       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "The operands are not provably identical.\n");
372       return false;
373     }
374   }
375 
376   return true;
377 }
378 
379 ///
380 /// Moves ALL PHI instructions in SourceMBB to beginning of TargetMBB
381 /// and update them to refer to the new block.  PHI node ordering
382 /// cannot be assumed so it does not matter where the PHI instructions
383 /// are moved to in TargetMBB.
384 ///
385 /// \param[in] SourceMBB block to move PHI instructions from
386 /// \param[in] TargetMBB block to move PHI instructions to
387 ///
388 void PPCBranchCoalescing::moveAndUpdatePHIs(MachineBasicBlock *SourceMBB,
389                                          MachineBasicBlock *TargetMBB) {
390 
391   MachineBasicBlock::iterator MI = SourceMBB->begin();
392   MachineBasicBlock::iterator ME = SourceMBB->getFirstNonPHI();
393 
394   if (MI == ME) {
395     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "SourceMBB contains no PHI instructions.\n");
396     return;
397   }
398 
399   // Update all PHI instructions in SourceMBB and move to top of TargetMBB
400   for (MachineBasicBlock::iterator Iter = MI; Iter != ME; Iter++) {
401     MachineInstr &PHIInst = *Iter;
402     for (unsigned i = 2, e = PHIInst.getNumOperands() + 1; i != e; i += 2) {
403       MachineOperand &MO = PHIInst.getOperand(i);
404       if (MO.getMBB() == SourceMBB)
405         MO.setMBB(TargetMBB);
406     }
407   }
408   TargetMBB->splice(TargetMBB->begin(), SourceMBB, MI, ME);
409 }
410 
411 ///
412 /// This function checks if MI can be moved to the beginning of the TargetMBB
413 /// following PHI instructions. A MI instruction can be moved to beginning of
414 /// the TargetMBB if there are no uses of it within the TargetMBB PHI nodes.
415 ///
416 /// \param[in] MI the machine instruction to move.
417 /// \param[in] TargetMBB the machine basic block to move to
418 /// \return true if it is safe to move MI to beginning of TargetMBB,
419 ///         false otherwise.
420 ///
421 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::canMoveToBeginning(const MachineInstr &MI,
422                                           const MachineBasicBlock &TargetMBB
423                                           ) const {
424 
425   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Checking if " << MI << " can move to beginning of "
426                     << TargetMBB.getNumber() << "\n");
427 
428   for (auto &Def : MI.defs()) { // Looking at Def
429     for (auto &Use : MRI->use_instructions(Def.getReg())) {
430       if (Use.isPHI() && Use.getParent() == &TargetMBB) {
431         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "    *** used in a PHI -- cannot move ***\n");
432         return false;
433       }
434     }
435   }
436 
437   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Safe to move to the beginning.\n");
438   return true;
439 }
440 
441 ///
442 /// This function checks if MI can be moved to the end of the TargetMBB,
443 /// immediately before the first terminator.  A MI instruction can be moved
444 /// to then end of the TargetMBB if no PHI node defines what MI uses within
445 /// it's own MBB.
446 ///
447 /// \param[in] MI the machine instruction to move.
448 /// \param[in] TargetMBB the machine basic block to move to
449 /// \return true if it is safe to move MI to end of TargetMBB,
450 ///         false otherwise.
451 ///
452 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::canMoveToEnd(const MachineInstr &MI,
453                                     const MachineBasicBlock &TargetMBB
454                                     ) const {
455 
456   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Checking if " << MI << " can move to end of "
457                     << TargetMBB.getNumber() << "\n");
458 
459   for (auto &Use : MI.uses()) {
460     if (Use.isReg() && Register::isVirtualRegister(Use.getReg())) {
461       MachineInstr *DefInst = MRI->getVRegDef(Use.getReg());
462       if (DefInst->isPHI() && DefInst->getParent() == MI.getParent()) {
463         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "    *** Cannot move this instruction ***\n");
464         return false;
465       } else {
466         LLVM_DEBUG(
467             dbgs() << "    *** def is in another block -- safe to move!\n");
468       }
469     }
470   }
471 
472   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "  Safe to move to the end.\n");
473   return true;
474 }
475 
476 ///
477 /// This method checks to ensure the two coalescing candidates follows the
478 /// expected pattern required for coalescing.
479 ///
480 /// \param[in] SourceRegion The candidate to move statements from
481 /// \param[in] TargetRegion The candidate to move statements to
482 /// \return true if all instructions in SourceRegion.BranchBlock can be merged
483 /// into a block in TargetRegion; false otherwise.
484 ///
485 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::validateCandidates(
486     CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
487     CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion) const {
488 
489   if (TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock != SourceRegion.BranchBlock)
490     llvm_unreachable("Expecting SourceRegion to immediately follow TargetRegion");
491   else if (!MDT->dominates(TargetRegion.BranchBlock, SourceRegion.BranchBlock))
492     llvm_unreachable("Expecting TargetRegion to dominate SourceRegion");
493   else if (!MPDT->dominates(SourceRegion.BranchBlock, TargetRegion.BranchBlock))
494     llvm_unreachable("Expecting SourceRegion to post-dominate TargetRegion");
495   else if (!TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock->empty() ||
496            !SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock->empty())
497     llvm_unreachable("Expecting fall-through blocks to be empty");
498 
499   return true;
500 }
501 
502 ///
503 /// This method determines whether the two coalescing candidates can be merged.
504 /// In order to be merged, all instructions must be able to
505 ///   1. Move to the beginning of the SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock;
506 ///   2. Move to the end of the TargetRegion.BranchBlock.
507 /// Merging involves moving the instructions in the
508 /// TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock (also SourceRegion.BranchBlock).
509 ///
510 /// This function first try to move instructions from the
511 /// TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock down, to the beginning of the
512 /// SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock. This is not possible if any register defined
513 /// in TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock is used in a PHI node in the
514 /// SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock. In this case, check whether the statement
515 /// can be moved up, to the end of the TargetRegion.BranchBlock (immediately
516 /// before the branch statement). If it cannot move, then these blocks cannot
517 /// be merged.
518 ///
519 /// Note that there is no analysis for moving instructions past the fall-through
520 /// blocks because they are confirmed to be empty. An assert is thrown if they
521 /// are not.
522 ///
523 /// \param[in] SourceRegion The candidate to move statements from
524 /// \param[in] TargetRegion The candidate to move statements to
525 /// \return true if all instructions in SourceRegion.BranchBlock can be merged
526 ///         into a block in TargetRegion, false otherwise.
527 ///
528 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::canMerge(CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
529                                 CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion) const {
530   if (!validateCandidates(SourceRegion, TargetRegion))
531     return false;
532 
533   // Walk through PHI nodes first and see if they force the merge into the
534   // SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock.
535   for (MachineBasicBlock::iterator
536            I = SourceRegion.BranchBlock->instr_begin(),
537            E = SourceRegion.BranchBlock->getFirstNonPHI();
538        I != E; ++I) {
539     for (auto &Def : I->defs())
540       for (auto &Use : MRI->use_instructions(Def.getReg())) {
541         if (Use.isPHI() && Use.getParent() == SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock) {
542           LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs()
543                      << "PHI " << *I
544                      << " defines register used in another "
545                         "PHI within branch target block -- can't merge\n");
546           NumPHINotMoved++;
547           return false;
548         }
549         if (Use.getParent() == SourceRegion.BranchBlock) {
550           LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "PHI " << *I
551                             << " defines register used in this "
552                                "block -- all must move down\n");
553           SourceRegion.MustMoveDown = true;
554         }
555       }
556   }
557 
558   // Walk through the MI to see if they should be merged into
559   // TargetRegion.BranchBlock (up) or SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock (down)
560   for (MachineBasicBlock::iterator
561            I = SourceRegion.BranchBlock->getFirstNonPHI(),
562            E = SourceRegion.BranchBlock->end();
563        I != E; ++I) {
564     if (!canMoveToBeginning(*I, *SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock)) {
565       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Instruction " << *I
566                         << " cannot move down - must move up!\n");
567       SourceRegion.MustMoveUp = true;
568     }
569     if (!canMoveToEnd(*I, *TargetRegion.BranchBlock)) {
570       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Instruction " << *I
571                         << " cannot move up - must move down!\n");
572       SourceRegion.MustMoveDown = true;
573     }
574   }
575 
576   return (SourceRegion.MustMoveUp && SourceRegion.MustMoveDown) ? false : true;
577 }
578 
579 /// Merge the instructions from SourceRegion.BranchBlock,
580 /// SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock, and SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock into
581 /// TargetRegion.BranchBlock, TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock and
582 /// TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock respectively.
583 ///
584 /// The successors for blocks in TargetRegion will be updated to use the
585 /// successors from blocks in SourceRegion. Finally, the blocks in SourceRegion
586 /// will be removed from the function.
587 ///
588 /// A region consists of a BranchBlock, a FallThroughBlock, and a
589 /// BranchTargetBlock. Branch coalesce works on patterns where the
590 /// TargetRegion's BranchTargetBlock must also be the SourceRegions's
591 /// BranchBlock.
592 ///
593 ///  Before mergeCandidates:
594 ///
595 ///  +---------------------------+
596 ///  |  TargetRegion.BranchBlock |
597 ///  +---------------------------+
598 ///     /        |
599 ///    /   +--------------------------------+
600 ///   |    |  TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock |
601 ///    \   +--------------------------------+
602 ///     \        |
603 ///  +----------------------------------+
604 ///  |  TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock  |
605 ///  |  SourceRegion.BranchBlock        |
606 ///  +----------------------------------+
607 ///     /        |
608 ///    /   +--------------------------------+
609 ///   |    |  SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock |
610 ///    \   +--------------------------------+
611 ///     \        |
612 ///  +----------------------------------+
613 ///  |  SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock  |
614 ///  +----------------------------------+
615 ///
616 ///  After mergeCandidates:
617 ///
618 ///  +-----------------------------+
619 ///  |  TargetRegion.BranchBlock   |
620 ///  |  SourceRegion.BranchBlock   |
621 ///  +-----------------------------+
622 ///     /        |
623 ///    /   +---------------------------------+
624 ///   |    |  TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock  |
625 ///   |    |  SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock  |
626 ///    \   +---------------------------------+
627 ///     \        |
628 ///  +----------------------------------+
629 ///  |  SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock  |
630 ///  +----------------------------------+
631 ///
632 /// \param[in] SourceRegion The candidate to move blocks from
633 /// \param[in] TargetRegion The candidate to move blocks to
634 ///
635 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::mergeCandidates(CoalescingCandidateInfo &SourceRegion,
636                                        CoalescingCandidateInfo &TargetRegion) {
637 
638   if (SourceRegion.MustMoveUp && SourceRegion.MustMoveDown) {
639     llvm_unreachable("Cannot have both MustMoveDown and MustMoveUp set!");
640     return false;
641   }
642 
643   if (!validateCandidates(SourceRegion, TargetRegion))
644     return false;
645 
646   // Start the merging process by first handling the BranchBlock.
647   // Move any PHIs in SourceRegion.BranchBlock down to the branch-taken block
648   moveAndUpdatePHIs(SourceRegion.BranchBlock, SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock);
649 
650   // Move remaining instructions in SourceRegion.BranchBlock into
651   // TargetRegion.BranchBlock
652   MachineBasicBlock::iterator firstInstr =
653       SourceRegion.BranchBlock->getFirstNonPHI();
654   MachineBasicBlock::iterator lastInstr =
655       SourceRegion.BranchBlock->getFirstTerminator();
656 
657   MachineBasicBlock *Source = SourceRegion.MustMoveDown
658                                   ? SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock
659                                   : TargetRegion.BranchBlock;
660 
661   MachineBasicBlock::iterator Target =
662       SourceRegion.MustMoveDown
663           ? SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock->getFirstNonPHI()
664           : TargetRegion.BranchBlock->getFirstTerminator();
665 
666   Source->splice(Target, SourceRegion.BranchBlock, firstInstr, lastInstr);
667 
668   // Once PHI and instructions have been moved we need to clean up the
669   // control flow.
670 
671   // Remove SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock before transferring successors of
672   // SourceRegion.BranchBlock to TargetRegion.BranchBlock.
673   SourceRegion.BranchBlock->removeSuccessor(SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock);
674   TargetRegion.BranchBlock->transferSuccessorsAndUpdatePHIs(
675       SourceRegion.BranchBlock);
676   // Update branch in TargetRegion.BranchBlock to jump to
677   // SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock
678   // In this case, TargetRegion.BranchTargetBlock == SourceRegion.BranchBlock.
679   TargetRegion.BranchBlock->ReplaceUsesOfBlockWith(
680       SourceRegion.BranchBlock, SourceRegion.BranchTargetBlock);
681   // Remove the branch statement(s) in SourceRegion.BranchBlock
682   MachineBasicBlock::iterator I =
683       SourceRegion.BranchBlock->terminators().begin();
684   while (I != SourceRegion.BranchBlock->terminators().end()) {
685     MachineInstr &CurrInst = *I;
686     ++I;
687     if (CurrInst.isBranch())
688       CurrInst.eraseFromParent();
689   }
690 
691   // Fall-through block should be empty since this is part of the condition
692   // to coalesce the branches.
693   assert(TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock->empty() &&
694          "FallThroughBlocks should be empty!");
695 
696   // Transfer successor information and move PHIs down to the
697   // branch-taken block.
698   TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock->transferSuccessorsAndUpdatePHIs(
699       SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock);
700   TargetRegion.FallThroughBlock->removeSuccessor(SourceRegion.BranchBlock);
701 
702   // Remove the blocks from the function.
703   assert(SourceRegion.BranchBlock->empty() &&
704          "Expecting branch block to be empty!");
705   SourceRegion.BranchBlock->eraseFromParent();
706 
707   assert(SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock->empty() &&
708          "Expecting fall-through block to be empty!\n");
709   SourceRegion.FallThroughBlock->eraseFromParent();
710 
711   NumBlocksCoalesced++;
712   return true;
713 }
714 
715 bool PPCBranchCoalescing::runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction &MF) {
716 
717   if (skipFunction(MF.getFunction()) || MF.empty())
718     return false;
719 
720   bool didSomething = false;
721 
722   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "******** Branch Coalescing ********\n");
723   initialize(MF);
724 
725   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Function: "; MF.dump(); dbgs() << "\n");
726 
727   CoalescingCandidateInfo Cand1, Cand2;
728   // Walk over blocks and find candidates to merge
729   // Continue trying to merge with the first candidate found, as long as merging
730   // is successfull.
731   for (MachineBasicBlock &MBB : MF) {
732     bool MergedCandidates = false;
733     do {
734       MergedCandidates = false;
735       Cand1.clear();
736       Cand2.clear();
737 
738       Cand1.BranchBlock = &MBB;
739 
740       // If unable to coalesce the branch, then continue to next block
741       if (!canCoalesceBranch(Cand1))
742         break;
743 
744       Cand2.BranchBlock = Cand1.BranchTargetBlock;
745       if (!canCoalesceBranch(Cand2))
746         break;
747 
748       // Sanity check
749       // The branch-taken block of the second candidate should post-dominate the
750       // first candidate
751       assert(MPDT->dominates(Cand2.BranchTargetBlock, Cand1.BranchBlock) &&
752              "Branch-taken block should post-dominate first candidate");
753 
754       if (!identicalOperands(Cand1.Cond, Cand2.Cond)) {
755         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Blocks " << Cand1.BranchBlock->getNumber()
756                           << " and " << Cand2.BranchBlock->getNumber()
757                           << " have different branches\n");
758         break;
759       }
760       if (!canMerge(Cand2, Cand1)) {
761         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Cannot merge blocks "
762                           << Cand1.BranchBlock->getNumber() << " and "
763                           << Cand2.BranchBlock->getNumber() << "\n");
764         NumBlocksNotCoalesced++;
765         continue;
766       }
767       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Merging blocks " << Cand1.BranchBlock->getNumber()
768                         << " and " << Cand1.BranchTargetBlock->getNumber()
769                         << "\n");
770       MergedCandidates = mergeCandidates(Cand2, Cand1);
771       if (MergedCandidates)
772         didSomething = true;
773 
774       LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Function after merging: "; MF.dump();
775                  dbgs() << "\n");
776     } while (MergedCandidates);
777   }
778 
779 #ifndef NDEBUG
780   // Verify MF is still valid after branch coalescing
781   if (didSomething)
782     MF.verify(nullptr, "Error in code produced by branch coalescing");
783 #endif // NDEBUG
784 
785   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Finished Branch Coalescing\n");
786   return didSomething;
787 }
788