xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/regcomp.c (revision d0b2dbfa0ecf2bbc9709efc5e20baf8e4b44bbbf)
1 /*-
2  * This code is derived from OpenBSD's libc/regex, original license follows:
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer.
5  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994
6  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
9  * Henry Spencer.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  *
35  *	@(#)regcomp.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 3/20/94
36  */
37 
38 #include <sys/types.h>
39 #include <stdint.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <string.h>
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <limits.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 #include "regex_impl.h"
46 
47 #include "regutils.h"
48 #include "regex2.h"
49 
50 #include "llvm/Config/config.h"
51 #include "llvm/Support/Compiler.h"
52 
53 /* character-class table */
54 static struct cclass {
55 	const char *name;
56 	const char *chars;
57 	const char *multis;
58 } cclasses[] = {
59 	{ "alnum",	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\
60 0123456789",				""} ,
61 	{ "alpha",	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
62 					""} ,
63 	{ "blank",	" \t",		""} ,
64 	{ "cntrl",	"\007\b\t\n\v\f\r\1\2\3\4\5\6\16\17\20\21\22\23\24\
65 \25\26\27\30\31\32\33\34\35\36\37\177",	""} ,
66 	{ "digit",	"0123456789",	""} ,
67 	{ "graph",	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\
68 0123456789!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~",
69 					""} ,
70 	{ "lower",	"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz",
71 					""} ,
72 	{ "print",	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz\
73 0123456789!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~ ",
74 					""} ,
75 	{ "punct",	"!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^_`{|}~",
76 					""} ,
77 	{ "space",	"\t\n\v\f\r ",	""} ,
78 	{ "upper",	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ",
79 					""} ,
80 	{ "xdigit",	"0123456789ABCDEFabcdef",
81 					""} ,
82 	{ NULL,		0,		"" }
83 };
84 
85 /* character-name table */
86 static struct cname {
87 	const char *name;
88 	char code;
89 } cnames[] = {
90 	{ "NUL",			'\0' },
91 	{ "SOH",			'\001' },
92 	{ "STX",			'\002' },
93 	{ "ETX",			'\003' },
94 	{ "EOT",			'\004' },
95 	{ "ENQ",			'\005' },
96 	{ "ACK",			'\006' },
97 	{ "BEL",			'\007' },
98 	{ "alert",			'\007' },
99 	{ "BS",				'\010' },
100 	{ "backspace",			'\b' },
101 	{ "HT",				'\011' },
102 	{ "tab",			'\t' },
103 	{ "LF",				'\012' },
104 	{ "newline",			'\n' },
105 	{ "VT",				'\013' },
106 	{ "vertical-tab",		'\v' },
107 	{ "FF",				'\014' },
108 	{ "form-feed",			'\f' },
109 	{ "CR",				'\015' },
110 	{ "carriage-return",		'\r' },
111 	{ "SO",				'\016' },
112 	{ "SI",				'\017' },
113 	{ "DLE",			'\020' },
114 	{ "DC1",			'\021' },
115 	{ "DC2",			'\022' },
116 	{ "DC3",			'\023' },
117 	{ "DC4",			'\024' },
118 	{ "NAK",			'\025' },
119 	{ "SYN",			'\026' },
120 	{ "ETB",			'\027' },
121 	{ "CAN",			'\030' },
122 	{ "EM",				'\031' },
123 	{ "SUB",			'\032' },
124 	{ "ESC",			'\033' },
125 	{ "IS4",			'\034' },
126 	{ "FS",				'\034' },
127 	{ "IS3",			'\035' },
128 	{ "GS",				'\035' },
129 	{ "IS2",			'\036' },
130 	{ "RS",				'\036' },
131 	{ "IS1",			'\037' },
132 	{ "US",				'\037' },
133 	{ "space",			' ' },
134 	{ "exclamation-mark",		'!' },
135 	{ "quotation-mark",		'"' },
136 	{ "number-sign",		'#' },
137 	{ "dollar-sign",		'$' },
138 	{ "percent-sign",		'%' },
139 	{ "ampersand",			'&' },
140 	{ "apostrophe",			'\'' },
141 	{ "left-parenthesis",		'(' },
142 	{ "right-parenthesis",		')' },
143 	{ "asterisk",			'*' },
144 	{ "plus-sign",			'+' },
145 	{ "comma",			',' },
146 	{ "hyphen",			'-' },
147 	{ "hyphen-minus",		'-' },
148 	{ "period",			'.' },
149 	{ "full-stop",			'.' },
150 	{ "slash",			'/' },
151 	{ "solidus",			'/' },
152 	{ "zero",			'0' },
153 	{ "one",			'1' },
154 	{ "two",			'2' },
155 	{ "three",			'3' },
156 	{ "four",			'4' },
157 	{ "five",			'5' },
158 	{ "six",			'6' },
159 	{ "seven",			'7' },
160 	{ "eight",			'8' },
161 	{ "nine",			'9' },
162 	{ "colon",			':' },
163 	{ "semicolon",			';' },
164 	{ "less-than-sign",		'<' },
165 	{ "equals-sign",		'=' },
166 	{ "greater-than-sign",		'>' },
167 	{ "question-mark",		'?' },
168 	{ "commercial-at",		'@' },
169 	{ "left-square-bracket",	'[' },
170 	{ "backslash",			'\\' },
171 	{ "reverse-solidus",		'\\' },
172 	{ "right-square-bracket",	']' },
173 	{ "circumflex",			'^' },
174 	{ "circumflex-accent",		'^' },
175 	{ "underscore",			'_' },
176 	{ "low-line",			'_' },
177 	{ "grave-accent",		'`' },
178 	{ "left-brace",			'{' },
179 	{ "left-curly-bracket",		'{' },
180 	{ "vertical-line",		'|' },
181 	{ "right-brace",		'}' },
182 	{ "right-curly-bracket",	'}' },
183 	{ "tilde",			'~' },
184 	{ "DEL",			'\177' },
185 	{ NULL,				0 }
186 };
187 
188 /*
189  * parse structure, passed up and down to avoid global variables and
190  * other clumsinesses
191  */
192 struct parse {
193 	char *next;		/* next character in RE */
194 	char *end;		/* end of string (-> NUL normally) */
195 	int error;		/* has an error been seen? */
196 	sop *strip;		/* malloced strip */
197 	sopno ssize;		/* malloced strip size (allocated) */
198 	sopno slen;		/* malloced strip length (used) */
199 	int ncsalloc;		/* number of csets allocated */
200 	struct re_guts *g;
201 #	define	NPAREN	10	/* we need to remember () 1-9 for back refs */
202 	sopno pbegin[NPAREN];	/* -> ( ([0] unused) */
203 	sopno pend[NPAREN];	/* -> ) ([0] unused) */
204 };
205 
206 static void p_ere(struct parse *, int);
207 static void p_ere_exp(struct parse *);
208 static void p_str(struct parse *);
209 static void p_bre(struct parse *, int, int);
210 static int p_simp_re(struct parse *, int);
211 static int p_count(struct parse *);
212 static void p_bracket(struct parse *);
213 static void p_b_term(struct parse *, cset *);
214 static void p_b_cclass(struct parse *, cset *);
215 static void p_b_eclass(struct parse *, cset *);
216 static char p_b_symbol(struct parse *);
217 static char p_b_coll_elem(struct parse *, int);
218 static char othercase(int);
219 static void bothcases(struct parse *, int);
220 static void ordinary(struct parse *, int);
221 static void nonnewline(struct parse *);
222 static void repeat(struct parse *, sopno, int, int);
223 static int seterr(struct parse *, int);
224 static cset *allocset(struct parse *);
225 static void freeset(struct parse *, cset *);
226 static int freezeset(struct parse *, cset *);
227 static int firstch(struct parse *, cset *);
228 static int nch(struct parse *, cset *);
229 static void mcadd(struct parse *, cset *, const char *);
230 static void mcinvert(struct parse *, cset *);
231 static void mccase(struct parse *, cset *);
232 static int isinsets(struct re_guts *, int);
233 static int samesets(struct re_guts *, int, int);
234 static void categorize(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
235 static sopno dupl(struct parse *, sopno, sopno);
236 static void doemit(struct parse *, sop, size_t);
237 static void doinsert(struct parse *, sop, size_t, sopno);
238 static void dofwd(struct parse *, sopno, sop);
239 static void enlarge(struct parse *, sopno);
240 static void stripsnug(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
241 static void findmust(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
242 static sopno pluscount(struct parse *, struct re_guts *);
243 
244 static char nuls[10];		/* place to point scanner in event of error */
245 
246 /*
247  * macros for use with parse structure
248  * BEWARE:  these know that the parse structure is named `p' !!!
249  */
250 #define	PEEK()	(*p->next)
251 #define	PEEK2()	(*(p->next+1))
252 #define	MORE()	(p->end - p->next > 0)
253 #define	MORE2()	(p->end - p->next > 1)
254 #define	SEE(c)	(MORE() && PEEK() == (c))
255 #define	SEETWO(a, b)	(MORE2() && PEEK() == (a) && PEEK2() == (b))
256 #define	EAT(c)	((SEE(c)) ? (NEXT(), 1) : 0)
257 #define	EATTWO(a, b)	((SEETWO(a, b)) ? (NEXT2(), 1) : 0)
258 #define	NEXT()	(p->next++)
259 #define	NEXT2()	(p->next += 2)
260 #define	NEXTn(n)	(p->next += (n))
261 #define	GETNEXT()	(*p->next++)
262 #define	SETERROR(e)	seterr(p, (e))
263 #define	REQUIRE(co, e)	(void)((co) || SETERROR(e))
264 #define	MUSTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && PEEK() == (c), e))
265 #define	MUSTEAT(c, e)	(REQUIRE(MORE() && GETNEXT() == (c), e))
266 #define	MUSTNOTSEE(c, e)	(REQUIRE(!MORE() || PEEK() != (c), e))
267 #define	EMIT(op, sopnd)	doemit(p, (sop)(op), (size_t)(sopnd))
268 #define	INSERT(op, pos)	doinsert(p, (sop)(op), HERE()-(pos)+1, pos)
269 #define	AHEAD(pos)		dofwd(p, pos, HERE()-(pos))
270 #define	ASTERN(sop, pos)	EMIT(sop, HERE()-pos)
271 #define	HERE()		(p->slen)
272 #define	THERE()		(p->slen - 1)
273 #define	THERETHERE()	(p->slen - 2)
274 #define	DROP(n)	(p->slen -= (n))
275 
276 #ifdef	_POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX
277 #define	DUPMAX	_POSIX2_RE_DUP_MAX
278 #else
279 #define	DUPMAX	255
280 #endif
281 #define	INFINITY	(DUPMAX + 1)
282 
283 #ifndef NDEBUG
284 static int never = 0;		/* for use in asserts; shuts lint up */
285 #else
286 #define	never	0		/* some <assert.h>s have bugs too */
287 #endif
288 
289 /*
290  - llvm_regcomp - interface for parser and compilation
291  */
292 int				/* 0 success, otherwise REG_something */
293 llvm_regcomp(llvm_regex_t *preg, const char *pattern, int cflags)
294 {
295 	struct parse pa;
296 	struct re_guts *g;
297 	struct parse *p = &pa;
298 	int i;
299 	size_t len;
300 #ifdef REDEBUG
301 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	(f)
302 #else
303 #	define	GOODFLAGS(f)	((f)&~REG_DUMP)
304 #endif
305 
306 	cflags = GOODFLAGS(cflags);
307 	if ((cflags&REG_EXTENDED) && (cflags&REG_NOSPEC))
308 		return(REG_INVARG);
309 
310 	if (cflags&REG_PEND) {
311 		if (preg->re_endp < pattern)
312 			return(REG_INVARG);
313 		len = preg->re_endp - pattern;
314 	} else
315 		len = strlen((const char *)pattern);
316 
317 	/* do the mallocs early so failure handling is easy */
318 	g = (struct re_guts *)malloc(sizeof(struct re_guts) +
319 							(NC-1)*sizeof(cat_t));
320 	if (g == NULL)
321 		return(REG_ESPACE);
322 	p->ssize = len/(size_t)2*(size_t)3 + (size_t)1;	/* ugh */
323 	p->strip = (sop *)calloc(p->ssize, sizeof(sop));
324 	p->slen = 0;
325 	if (p->strip == NULL) {
326 		free((char *)g);
327 		return(REG_ESPACE);
328 	}
329 
330 	/* set things up */
331 	p->g = g;
332 	p->next = (char *)pattern;	/* convenience; we do not modify it */
333 	p->end = p->next + len;
334 	p->error = 0;
335 	p->ncsalloc = 0;
336 	for (i = 0; i < NPAREN; i++) {
337 		p->pbegin[i] = 0;
338 		p->pend[i] = 0;
339 	}
340 	g->csetsize = NC;
341 	g->sets = NULL;
342 	g->setbits = NULL;
343 	g->ncsets = 0;
344 	g->cflags = cflags;
345 	g->iflags = 0;
346 	g->nbol = 0;
347 	g->neol = 0;
348 	g->must = NULL;
349 	g->mlen = 0;
350 	g->nsub = 0;
351 	g->ncategories = 1;	/* category 0 is "everything else" */
352 	g->categories = &g->catspace[-(CHAR_MIN)];
353 	(void) memset((char *)g->catspace, 0, NC*sizeof(cat_t));
354 	g->backrefs = 0;
355 
356 	/* do it */
357 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
358 	g->firststate = THERE();
359 	if (cflags&REG_EXTENDED)
360 		p_ere(p, OUT);
361 	else if (cflags&REG_NOSPEC)
362 		p_str(p);
363 	else
364 		p_bre(p, OUT, OUT);
365 	EMIT(OEND, 0);
366 	g->laststate = THERE();
367 
368 	/* tidy up loose ends and fill things in */
369 	categorize(p, g);
370 	stripsnug(p, g);
371 	findmust(p, g);
372 	g->nplus = pluscount(p, g);
373 	g->magic = MAGIC2;
374 	preg->re_nsub = g->nsub;
375 	preg->re_g = g;
376 	preg->re_magic = MAGIC1;
377 #ifndef REDEBUG
378 	/* not debugging, so can't rely on the assert() in llvm_regexec() */
379 	if (g->iflags&REGEX_BAD)
380 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);
381 #endif
382 
383 	/* win or lose, we're done */
384 	if (p->error != 0)	/* lose */
385 		llvm_regfree(preg);
386 	return(p->error);
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  - p_ere - ERE parser top level, concatenation and alternation
391  */
392 static void
393 p_ere(struct parse *p, int stop)	/* character this ERE should end at */
394 {
395 	char c;
396 	sopno prevback = 0;
397 	sopno prevfwd = 0;
398 	sopno conc;
399 	int first = 1;		/* is this the first alternative? */
400 
401 	for (;;) {
402 		/* do a bunch of concatenated expressions */
403 		conc = HERE();
404 		while (MORE() && (c = PEEK()) != '|' && c != stop)
405 			p_ere_exp(p);
406 		REQUIRE(HERE() != conc, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
407 
408 		if (!EAT('|'))
409 			break;		/* NOTE BREAK OUT */
410 
411 		if (first) {
412 			INSERT(OCH_, conc);	/* offset is wrong */
413 			prevfwd = conc;
414 			prevback = conc;
415 			first = 0;
416 		}
417 		ASTERN(OOR1, prevback);
418 		prevback = THERE();
419 		AHEAD(prevfwd);			/* fix previous offset */
420 		prevfwd = HERE();
421 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset is very wrong */
422 	}
423 
424 	if (!first) {		/* tail-end fixups */
425 		AHEAD(prevfwd);
426 		ASTERN(O_CH, prevback);
427 	}
428 
429 	assert(!MORE() || SEE(stop));
430 }
431 
432 /*
433  - p_ere_exp - parse one subERE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition op
434  */
435 static void
436 p_ere_exp(struct parse *p)
437 {
438 	char c;
439 	sopno pos;
440 	int count;
441 	int count2;
442 	int backrefnum;
443 	sopno subno;
444 	int wascaret = 0;
445 
446 	assert(MORE());		/* caller should have ensured this */
447 	c = GETNEXT();
448 
449 	pos = HERE();
450 	switch (c) {
451 	case '(':
452 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EPAREN);
453 		p->g->nsub++;
454 		subno = p->g->nsub;
455 		if (subno < NPAREN)
456 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
457 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
458 		if (!SEE(')'))
459 			p_ere(p, ')');
460 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
461 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
462 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
463 		}
464 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
465 		MUSTEAT(')', REG_EPAREN);
466 		break;
467 #ifndef POSIX_MISTAKE
468 	case ')':		/* happens only if no current unmatched ( */
469 		/*
470 		 * You may ask, why the ifndef?  Because I didn't notice
471 		 * this until slightly too late for 1003.2, and none of the
472 		 * other 1003.2 regular-expression reviewers noticed it at
473 		 * all.  So an unmatched ) is legal POSIX, at least until
474 		 * we can get it fixed.
475 		 */
476 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
477 		break;
478 #endif
479 	case '^':
480 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
481 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
482 		p->g->nbol++;
483 		wascaret = 1;
484 		break;
485 	case '$':
486 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
487 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
488 		p->g->neol++;
489 		break;
490 	case '|':
491 		SETERROR(REG_EMPTY);
492 		break;
493 	case '*':
494 	case '+':
495 	case '?':
496 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
497 		break;
498 	case '.':
499 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
500 			nonnewline(p);
501 		else
502 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
503 		break;
504 	case '[':
505 		p_bracket(p);
506 		break;
507 	case '\\':
508 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
509 		c = GETNEXT();
510 		if (c >= '1' && c <= '9') {
511 			/* \[0-9] is taken to be a back-reference to a previously specified
512 			 * matching group. backrefnum will hold the number. The matching
513 			 * group must exist (i.e. if \4 is found there must have been at
514 			 * least 4 matching groups specified in the pattern previously).
515 			 */
516 			backrefnum = c - '0';
517 			if (p->pend[backrefnum] == 0) {
518 				SETERROR(REG_ESUBREG);
519 				break;
520 			}
521 
522 			/* Make sure everything checks out and emit the sequence
523 			 * that marks a back-reference to the parse structure.
524 			 */
525 			assert(backrefnum <= p->g->nsub);
526 			EMIT(OBACK_, backrefnum);
527 			assert(p->pbegin[backrefnum] != 0);
528 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pbegin[backrefnum]]) == OLPAREN);
529 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pend[backrefnum]]) == ORPAREN);
530 			(void) dupl(p, p->pbegin[backrefnum]+1, p->pend[backrefnum]);
531 			EMIT(O_BACK, backrefnum);
532 			p->g->backrefs = 1;
533 		} else {
534 			/* Other chars are simply themselves when escaped with a backslash.
535 			 */
536 			ordinary(p, c);
537 		}
538 		break;
539 	case '{':		/* okay as ordinary except if digit follows */
540 		REQUIRE(!MORE() || !isdigit((uch)PEEK()), REG_BADRPT);
541 		LLVM_FALLTHROUGH;
542 	default:
543 		ordinary(p, c);
544 		break;
545 	}
546 
547 	if (!MORE())
548 		return;
549 	c = PEEK();
550 	/* we call { a repetition if followed by a digit */
551 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
552 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit((uch)PEEK2())) ))
553 		return;		/* no repetition, we're done */
554 	NEXT();
555 
556 	REQUIRE(!wascaret, REG_BADRPT);
557 	switch (c) {
558 	case '*':	/* implemented as +? */
559 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
560 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
561 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
562 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
563 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
564 		break;
565 	case '+':
566 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
567 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
568 		break;
569 	case '?':
570 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
571 		INSERT(OCH_, pos);		/* offset slightly wrong */
572 		ASTERN(OOR1, pos);		/* this one's right */
573 		AHEAD(pos);			/* fix the OCH_ */
574 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
575 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
576 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
577 		break;
578 	case '{':
579 		count = p_count(p);
580 		if (EAT(',')) {
581 			if (isdigit((uch)PEEK())) {
582 				count2 = p_count(p);
583 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
584 			} else		/* single number with comma */
585 				count2 = INFINITY;
586 		} else		/* just a single number */
587 			count2 = count;
588 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
589 		if (!EAT('}')) {	/* error heuristics */
590 			while (MORE() && PEEK() != '}')
591 				NEXT();
592 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
593 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
594 		}
595 		break;
596 	}
597 
598 	if (!MORE())
599 		return;
600 	c = PEEK();
601 	if (!( c == '*' || c == '+' || c == '?' ||
602 				(c == '{' && MORE2() && isdigit((uch)PEEK2())) ) )
603 		return;
604 	SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  - p_str - string (no metacharacters) "parser"
609  */
610 static void
611 p_str(struct parse *p)
612 {
613 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EMPTY);
614 	while (MORE())
615 		ordinary(p, GETNEXT());
616 }
617 
618 /*
619  - p_bre - BRE parser top level, anchoring and concatenation
620  * Giving end1 as OUT essentially eliminates the end1/end2 check.
621  *
622  * This implementation is a bit of a kludge, in that a trailing $ is first
623  * taken as an ordinary character and then revised to be an anchor.  The
624  * only undesirable side effect is that '$' gets included as a character
625  * category in such cases.  This is fairly harmless; not worth fixing.
626  * The amount of lookahead needed to avoid this kludge is excessive.
627  */
628 static void
629 p_bre(struct parse *p,
630     int end1,		/* first terminating character */
631     int end2)		/* second terminating character */
632 {
633 	sopno start = HERE();
634 	int first = 1;			/* first subexpression? */
635 	int wasdollar = 0;
636 
637 	if (EAT('^')) {
638 		EMIT(OBOL, 0);
639 		p->g->iflags |= USEBOL;
640 		p->g->nbol++;
641 	}
642 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(end1, end2)) {
643 		wasdollar = p_simp_re(p, first);
644 		first = 0;
645 	}
646 	if (wasdollar) {	/* oops, that was a trailing anchor */
647 		DROP(1);
648 		EMIT(OEOL, 0);
649 		p->g->iflags |= USEEOL;
650 		p->g->neol++;
651 	}
652 
653 	REQUIRE(HERE() != start, REG_EMPTY);	/* require nonempty */
654 }
655 
656 /*
657  - p_simp_re - parse a simple RE, an atom possibly followed by a repetition
658  */
659 static int			/* was the simple RE an unbackslashed $? */
660 p_simp_re(struct parse *p,
661     int starordinary)		/* is a leading * an ordinary character? */
662 {
663 	int c;
664 	int count;
665 	int count2;
666 	sopno pos;
667 	int i;
668 	sopno subno;
669 #	define	BACKSL	(1<<CHAR_BIT)
670 
671         pos = HERE(); /* repetition op, if any, covers from here */
672 
673         assert(MORE()); /* caller should have ensured this */
674         c = GETNEXT();
675 	if (c == '\\') {
676 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EESCAPE);
677 		c = BACKSL | GETNEXT();
678 	}
679 	switch (c) {
680 	case '.':
681 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
682 			nonnewline(p);
683 		else
684 			EMIT(OANY, 0);
685 		break;
686 	case '[':
687 		p_bracket(p);
688 		break;
689 	case BACKSL|'{':
690 		SETERROR(REG_BADRPT);
691 		break;
692 	case BACKSL|'(':
693 		p->g->nsub++;
694 		subno = p->g->nsub;
695 		if (subno < NPAREN)
696 			p->pbegin[subno] = HERE();
697 		EMIT(OLPAREN, subno);
698 		/* the MORE here is an error heuristic */
699 		if (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', ')'))
700 			p_bre(p, '\\', ')');
701 		if (subno < NPAREN) {
702 			p->pend[subno] = HERE();
703 			assert(p->pend[subno] != 0);
704 		}
705 		EMIT(ORPAREN, subno);
706 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('\\', ')'), REG_EPAREN);
707 		break;
708 	case BACKSL|')':	/* should not get here -- must be user */
709 	case BACKSL|'}':
710 		SETERROR(REG_EPAREN);
711 		break;
712 	case BACKSL|'1':
713 	case BACKSL|'2':
714 	case BACKSL|'3':
715 	case BACKSL|'4':
716 	case BACKSL|'5':
717 	case BACKSL|'6':
718 	case BACKSL|'7':
719 	case BACKSL|'8':
720 	case BACKSL|'9':
721 		i = (c&~BACKSL) - '0';
722 		assert(i < NPAREN);
723 		if (p->pend[i] != 0) {
724 			assert(i <= p->g->nsub);
725 			EMIT(OBACK_, i);
726 			assert(p->pbegin[i] != 0);
727 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pbegin[i]]) == OLPAREN);
728 			assert(OP(p->strip[p->pend[i]]) == ORPAREN);
729 			(void) dupl(p, p->pbegin[i]+1, p->pend[i]);
730 			EMIT(O_BACK, i);
731 		} else
732 			SETERROR(REG_ESUBREG);
733 		p->g->backrefs = 1;
734 		break;
735 	case '*':
736 		REQUIRE(starordinary, REG_BADRPT);
737 		LLVM_FALLTHROUGH;
738 	default:
739 		ordinary(p, (char)c);
740 		break;
741 	}
742 
743 	if (EAT('*')) {		/* implemented as +? */
744 		/* this case does not require the (y|) trick, noKLUDGE */
745 		INSERT(OPLUS_, pos);
746 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, pos);
747 		INSERT(OQUEST_, pos);
748 		ASTERN(O_QUEST, pos);
749 	} else if (EATTWO('\\', '{')) {
750 		count = p_count(p);
751 		if (EAT(',')) {
752 			if (MORE() && isdigit((uch)PEEK())) {
753 				count2 = p_count(p);
754 				REQUIRE(count <= count2, REG_BADBR);
755 			} else		/* single number with comma */
756 				count2 = INFINITY;
757 		} else		/* just a single number */
758 			count2 = count;
759 		repeat(p, pos, count, count2);
760 		if (!EATTWO('\\', '}')) {	/* error heuristics */
761 			while (MORE() && !SEETWO('\\', '}'))
762 				NEXT();
763 			REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACE);
764 			SETERROR(REG_BADBR);
765 		}
766 	} else if (c == '$')	/* $ (but not \$) ends it */
767 		return(1);
768 
769 	return(0);
770 }
771 
772 /*
773  - p_count - parse a repetition count
774  */
775 static int			/* the value */
776 p_count(struct parse *p)
777 {
778 	int count = 0;
779 	int ndigits = 0;
780 
781 	while (MORE() && isdigit((uch)PEEK()) && count <= DUPMAX) {
782 		count = count*10 + (GETNEXT() - '0');
783 		ndigits++;
784 	}
785 
786 	REQUIRE(ndigits > 0 && count <= DUPMAX, REG_BADBR);
787 	return(count);
788 }
789 
790 /*
791  - p_bracket - parse a bracketed character list
792  *
793  * Note a significant property of this code:  if the allocset() did SETERROR,
794  * no set operations are done.
795  */
796 static void
797 p_bracket(struct parse *p)
798 {
799 	cset *cs;
800 	int invert = 0;
801 
802 	/* Dept of Truly Sickening Special-Case Kludges */
803 	if (p->end - p->next > 5) {
804 		if (strncmp(p->next, "[:<:]]", 6) == 0) {
805 			EMIT(OBOW, 0);
806 			NEXTn(6);
807 			return;
808 		}
809 		if (strncmp(p->next, "[:>:]]", 6) == 0) {
810 			EMIT(OEOW, 0);
811 			NEXTn(6);
812 			return;
813 		}
814 	}
815 
816 	if ((cs = allocset(p)) == NULL) {
817 		/* allocset did set error status in p */
818 		return;
819 	}
820 
821 	if (EAT('^'))
822 		invert++;	/* make note to invert set at end */
823 	if (EAT(']'))
824 		CHadd(cs, ']');
825 	else if (EAT('-'))
826 		CHadd(cs, '-');
827 	while (MORE() && PEEK() != ']' && !SEETWO('-', ']'))
828 		p_b_term(p, cs);
829 	if (EAT('-'))
830 		CHadd(cs, '-');
831 	MUSTEAT(']', REG_EBRACK);
832 
833 	if (p->error != 0) {	/* don't mess things up further */
834 		freeset(p, cs);
835 		return;
836 	}
837 
838 	if (p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) {
839 		int i;
840 		int ci;
841 
842 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
843 			if (CHIN(cs, i) && isalpha(i)) {
844 				ci = othercase(i);
845 				if (ci != i)
846 					CHadd(cs, ci);
847 			}
848 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
849 			mccase(p, cs);
850 	}
851 	if (invert) {
852 		int i;
853 
854 		for (i = p->g->csetsize - 1; i >= 0; i--)
855 			if (CHIN(cs, i))
856 				CHsub(cs, i);
857 			else
858 				CHadd(cs, i);
859 		if (p->g->cflags&REG_NEWLINE)
860 			CHsub(cs, '\n');
861 		if (cs->multis != NULL)
862 			mcinvert(p, cs);
863 	}
864 
865 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);		/* xxx */
866 
867 	if (nch(p, cs) == 1) {		/* optimize singleton sets */
868 		ordinary(p, firstch(p, cs));
869 		freeset(p, cs);
870 	} else
871 		EMIT(OANYOF, freezeset(p, cs));
872 }
873 
874 /*
875  - p_b_term - parse one term of a bracketed character list
876  */
877 static void
878 p_b_term(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
879 {
880 	char c;
881 	char start, finish;
882 	int i;
883 
884 	/* classify what we've got */
885 	switch ((MORE()) ? PEEK() : '\0') {
886 	case '[':
887 		c = (MORE2()) ? PEEK2() : '\0';
888 		break;
889 	case '-':
890 		SETERROR(REG_ERANGE);
891 		return;			/* NOTE RETURN */
892 		break;
893 	default:
894 		c = '\0';
895 		break;
896 	}
897 
898 	switch (c) {
899 	case ':':		/* character class */
900 		NEXT2();
901 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
902 		c = PEEK();
903 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECTYPE);
904 		p_b_cclass(p, cs);
905 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
906 		REQUIRE(EATTWO(':', ']'), REG_ECTYPE);
907 		break;
908 	case '=':		/* equivalence class */
909 		NEXT2();
910 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
911 		c = PEEK();
912 		REQUIRE(c != '-' && c != ']', REG_ECOLLATE);
913 		p_b_eclass(p, cs);
914 		REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
915 		REQUIRE(EATTWO('=', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
916 		break;
917 	default:		/* symbol, ordinary character, or range */
918 /* xxx revision needed for multichar stuff */
919 		start = p_b_symbol(p);
920 		if (SEE('-') && MORE2() && PEEK2() != ']') {
921 			/* range */
922 			NEXT();
923 			if (EAT('-'))
924 				finish = '-';
925 			else
926 				finish = p_b_symbol(p);
927 		} else
928 			finish = start;
929 /* xxx what about signed chars here... */
930 		REQUIRE(start <= finish, REG_ERANGE);
931 		for (i = start; i <= finish; i++)
932 			CHadd(cs, i);
933 		break;
934 	}
935 }
936 
937 /*
938  - p_b_cclass - parse a character-class name and deal with it
939  */
940 static void
941 p_b_cclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
942 {
943 	char *sp = p->next;
944 	struct cclass *cp;
945 	size_t len;
946 	const char *u;
947 	char c;
948 
949 	while (MORE() && isalpha((uch)PEEK()))
950 		NEXT();
951 	len = p->next - sp;
952 	for (cp = cclasses; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
953 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && cp->name[len] == '\0')
954 			break;
955 	if (cp->name == NULL) {
956 		/* oops, didn't find it */
957 		SETERROR(REG_ECTYPE);
958 		return;
959 	}
960 
961 	u = cp->chars;
962 	while ((c = *u++) != '\0')
963 		CHadd(cs, c);
964 	for (u = cp->multis; *u != '\0'; u += strlen(u) + 1)
965 		MCadd(p, cs, u);
966 }
967 
968 /*
969  - p_b_eclass - parse an equivalence-class name and deal with it
970  *
971  * This implementation is incomplete. xxx
972  */
973 static void
974 p_b_eclass(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
975 {
976 	char c;
977 
978 	c = p_b_coll_elem(p, '=');
979 	CHadd(cs, c);
980 }
981 
982 /*
983  - p_b_symbol - parse a character or [..]ed multicharacter collating symbol
984  */
985 static char			/* value of symbol */
986 p_b_symbol(struct parse *p)
987 {
988 	char value;
989 
990 	REQUIRE(MORE(), REG_EBRACK);
991 	if (!EATTWO('[', '.'))
992 		return(GETNEXT());
993 
994 	/* collating symbol */
995 	value = p_b_coll_elem(p, '.');
996 	REQUIRE(EATTWO('.', ']'), REG_ECOLLATE);
997 	return(value);
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  - p_b_coll_elem - parse a collating-element name and look it up
1002  */
1003 static char			/* value of collating element */
1004 p_b_coll_elem(struct parse *p,
1005     int endc)			/* name ended by endc,']' */
1006 {
1007 	char *sp = p->next;
1008 	struct cname *cp;
1009 	size_t len;
1010 
1011 	while (MORE() && !SEETWO(endc, ']'))
1012 		NEXT();
1013 	if (!MORE()) {
1014 		SETERROR(REG_EBRACK);
1015 		return(0);
1016 	}
1017 	len = p->next - sp;
1018 	for (cp = cnames; cp->name != NULL; cp++)
1019 		if (strncmp(cp->name, sp, len) == 0 && strlen(cp->name) == len)
1020 			return(cp->code);	/* known name */
1021 	if (len == 1)
1022 		return(*sp);	/* single character */
1023 	SETERROR(REG_ECOLLATE);			/* neither */
1024 	return(0);
1025 }
1026 
1027 /*
1028  - othercase - return the case counterpart of an alphabetic
1029  */
1030 static char			/* if no counterpart, return ch */
1031 othercase(int ch)
1032 {
1033 	ch = (uch)ch;
1034 	assert(isalpha(ch));
1035 	if (isupper(ch))
1036 		return ((uch)tolower(ch));
1037 	else if (islower(ch))
1038 		return ((uch)toupper(ch));
1039 	else			/* peculiar, but could happen */
1040 		return(ch);
1041 }
1042 
1043 /*
1044  - bothcases - emit a dualcase version of a two-case character
1045  *
1046  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
1047  */
1048 static void
1049 bothcases(struct parse *p, int ch)
1050 {
1051 	char *oldnext = p->next;
1052 	char *oldend = p->end;
1053 	char bracket[3];
1054 
1055 	ch = (uch)ch;
1056 	assert(othercase(ch) != ch);	/* p_bracket() would recurse */
1057 	p->next = bracket;
1058 	p->end = bracket+2;
1059 	bracket[0] = ch;
1060 	bracket[1] = ']';
1061 	bracket[2] = '\0';
1062 	p_bracket(p);
1063 	assert(p->next == bracket+2);
1064 	p->next = oldnext;
1065 	p->end = oldend;
1066 }
1067 
1068 /*
1069  - ordinary - emit an ordinary character
1070  */
1071 static void
1072 ordinary(struct parse *p, int ch)
1073 {
1074 	cat_t *cap = p->g->categories;
1075 
1076 	if ((p->g->cflags&REG_ICASE) && isalpha((uch)ch) && othercase(ch) != ch)
1077 		bothcases(p, ch);
1078 	else {
1079 		EMIT(OCHAR, (uch)ch);
1080 		if (cap[ch] == 0)
1081 			cap[ch] = p->g->ncategories++;
1082 	}
1083 }
1084 
1085 /*
1086  - nonnewline - emit REG_NEWLINE version of OANY
1087  *
1088  * Boy, is this implementation ever a kludge...
1089  */
1090 static void
1091 nonnewline(struct parse *p)
1092 {
1093 	char *oldnext = p->next;
1094 	char *oldend = p->end;
1095 	char bracket[4];
1096 
1097 	p->next = bracket;
1098 	p->end = bracket+3;
1099 	bracket[0] = '^';
1100 	bracket[1] = '\n';
1101 	bracket[2] = ']';
1102 	bracket[3] = '\0';
1103 	p_bracket(p);
1104 	assert(p->next == bracket+3);
1105 	p->next = oldnext;
1106 	p->end = oldend;
1107 }
1108 
1109 /*
1110  - repeat - generate code for a bounded repetition, recursively if needed
1111  */
1112 static void
1113 repeat(struct parse *p,
1114     sopno start,		/* operand from here to end of strip */
1115     int from,			/* repeated from this number */
1116     int to)			/* to this number of times (maybe INFINITY) */
1117 {
1118 	sopno finish = HERE();
1119 #	define	N	2
1120 #	define	INF	3
1121 #	define	REP(f, t)	((f)*8 + (t))
1122 #	define	MAP(n)	(((n) <= 1) ? (n) : ((n) == INFINITY) ? INF : N)
1123 	sopno copy;
1124 
1125 	if (p->error != 0)	/* head off possible runaway recursion */
1126 		return;
1127 
1128 	assert(from <= to);
1129 
1130 	switch (REP(MAP(from), MAP(to))) {
1131 	case REP(0, 0):			/* must be user doing this */
1132 		DROP(finish-start);	/* drop the operand */
1133 		break;
1134 	case REP(0, 1):			/* as x{1,1}? */
1135 	case REP(0, N):			/* as x{1,n}? */
1136 	case REP(0, INF):		/* as x{1,}? */
1137 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
1138 		INSERT(OCH_, start);		/* offset is wrong... */
1139 		repeat(p, start+1, 1, to);
1140 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
1141 		AHEAD(start);			/* ... fix it */
1142 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);
1143 		AHEAD(THERE());
1144 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
1145 		break;
1146 	case REP(1, 1):			/* trivial case */
1147 		/* done */
1148 		break;
1149 	case REP(1, N):			/* as x?x{1,n-1} */
1150 		/* KLUDGE: emit y? as (y|) until subtle bug gets fixed */
1151 		INSERT(OCH_, start);
1152 		ASTERN(OOR1, start);
1153 		AHEAD(start);
1154 		EMIT(OOR2, 0);			/* offset very wrong... */
1155 		AHEAD(THERE());			/* ...so fix it */
1156 		ASTERN(O_CH, THERETHERE());
1157 		copy = dupl(p, start+1, finish+1);
1158 		assert(copy == finish+4);
1159 		repeat(p, copy, 1, to-1);
1160 		break;
1161 	case REP(1, INF):		/* as x+ */
1162 		INSERT(OPLUS_, start);
1163 		ASTERN(O_PLUS, start);
1164 		break;
1165 	case REP(N, N):			/* as xx{m-1,n-1} */
1166 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
1167 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to-1);
1168 		break;
1169 	case REP(N, INF):		/* as xx{n-1,INF} */
1170 		copy = dupl(p, start, finish);
1171 		repeat(p, copy, from-1, to);
1172 		break;
1173 	default:			/* "can't happen" */
1174 		SETERROR(REG_ASSERT);	/* just in case */
1175 		break;
1176 	}
1177 }
1178 
1179 /*
1180  - seterr - set an error condition
1181  */
1182 static int			/* useless but makes type checking happy */
1183 seterr(struct parse *p, int e)
1184 {
1185 	if (p->error == 0)	/* keep earliest error condition */
1186 		p->error = e;
1187 	p->next = nuls;		/* try to bring things to a halt */
1188 	p->end = nuls;
1189 	return(0);		/* make the return value well-defined */
1190 }
1191 
1192 /*
1193  - allocset - allocate a set of characters for []
1194  */
1195 static cset *
1196 allocset(struct parse *p)
1197 {
1198 	int no = p->g->ncsets++;
1199 	size_t nc;
1200 	size_t nbytes;
1201 	cset *cs;
1202 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1203 	int i;
1204 
1205 	if (no >= p->ncsalloc) {	/* need another column of space */
1206 		void *ptr;
1207 
1208 		p->ncsalloc += CHAR_BIT;
1209 		nc = p->ncsalloc;
1210 		if (nc > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(cset))
1211 			goto nomem;
1212 		assert(nc % CHAR_BIT == 0);
1213 		nbytes = nc / CHAR_BIT * css;
1214 
1215 		ptr = (cset *)realloc((char *)p->g->sets, nc * sizeof(cset));
1216 		if (ptr == NULL)
1217 			goto nomem;
1218 		p->g->sets = ptr;
1219 
1220 		ptr = (uch *)realloc((char *)p->g->setbits, nbytes);
1221 		if (ptr == NULL)
1222 			goto nomem;
1223 		p->g->setbits = ptr;
1224 
1225 		for (i = 0; i < no; i++)
1226 			p->g->sets[i].ptr = p->g->setbits + css*(i/CHAR_BIT);
1227 
1228 		(void) memset((char *)p->g->setbits + (nbytes - css), 0, css);
1229 	}
1230 	/* XXX should not happen */
1231 	if (p->g->sets == NULL || p->g->setbits == NULL)
1232 		goto nomem;
1233 
1234 	cs = &p->g->sets[no];
1235 	cs->ptr = p->g->setbits + css*((no)/CHAR_BIT);
1236 	cs->mask = 1 << ((no) % CHAR_BIT);
1237 	cs->hash = 0;
1238 	cs->smultis = 0;
1239 	cs->multis = NULL;
1240 
1241 	return(cs);
1242 nomem:
1243 	free(p->g->sets);
1244 	p->g->sets = NULL;
1245 	free(p->g->setbits);
1246 	p->g->setbits = NULL;
1247 
1248 	SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1249 	/* caller's responsibility not to do set ops */
1250 	return(NULL);
1251 }
1252 
1253 /*
1254  - freeset - free a now-unused set
1255  */
1256 static void
1257 freeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1258 {
1259 	size_t i;
1260 	cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
1261 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1262 
1263 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1264 		CHsub(cs, i);
1265 	if (cs == top-1)	/* recover only the easy case */
1266 		p->g->ncsets--;
1267 }
1268 
1269 /*
1270  - freezeset - final processing on a set of characters
1271  *
1272  * The main task here is merging identical sets.  This is usually a waste
1273  * of time (although the hash code minimizes the overhead), but can win
1274  * big if REG_ICASE is being used.  REG_ICASE, by the way, is why the hash
1275  * is done using addition rather than xor -- all ASCII [aA] sets xor to
1276  * the same value!
1277  */
1278 static int			/* set number */
1279 freezeset(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1280 {
1281 	uch h = cs->hash;
1282 	size_t i;
1283 	cset *top = &p->g->sets[p->g->ncsets];
1284 	cset *cs2;
1285 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1286 
1287 	/* look for an earlier one which is the same */
1288 	for (cs2 = &p->g->sets[0]; cs2 < top; cs2++)
1289 		if (cs2->hash == h && cs2 != cs) {
1290 			/* maybe */
1291 			for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1292 				if (!!CHIN(cs2, i) != !!CHIN(cs, i))
1293 					break;		/* no */
1294 			if (i == css)
1295 				break;			/* yes */
1296 		}
1297 
1298 	if (cs2 < top) {	/* found one */
1299 		freeset(p, cs);
1300 		cs = cs2;
1301 	}
1302 
1303 	return((int)(cs - p->g->sets));
1304 }
1305 
1306 /*
1307  - firstch - return first character in a set (which must have at least one)
1308  */
1309 static int			/* character; there is no "none" value */
1310 firstch(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1311 {
1312 	size_t i;
1313 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1314 
1315 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1316 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
1317 			return((char)i);
1318 	assert(never);
1319 	return(0);		/* arbitrary */
1320 }
1321 
1322 /*
1323  - nch - number of characters in a set
1324  */
1325 static int
1326 nch(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1327 {
1328 	size_t i;
1329 	size_t css = (size_t)p->g->csetsize;
1330 	int n = 0;
1331 
1332 	for (i = 0; i < css; i++)
1333 		if (CHIN(cs, i))
1334 			n++;
1335 	return(n);
1336 }
1337 
1338 /*
1339  - mcadd - add a collating element to a cset
1340  */
1341 static void
1342 mcadd( struct parse *p, cset *cs, const char *cp)
1343 {
1344 	size_t oldend = cs->smultis;
1345 	void *np;
1346 
1347 	cs->smultis += strlen(cp) + 1;
1348 	np = realloc(cs->multis, cs->smultis);
1349 	if (np == NULL) {
1350 		if (cs->multis)
1351 			free(cs->multis);
1352 		cs->multis = NULL;
1353 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1354 		return;
1355 	}
1356 	cs->multis = np;
1357 
1358 	llvm_strlcpy(cs->multis + oldend - 1, cp, cs->smultis - oldend + 1);
1359 }
1360 
1361 /*
1362  - mcinvert - invert the list of collating elements in a cset
1363  *
1364  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
1365  * is deferred.
1366  */
1367 /* ARGSUSED */
1368 static void
1369 mcinvert(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1370 {
1371 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
1372 }
1373 
1374 /*
1375  - mccase - add case counterparts of the list of collating elements in a cset
1376  *
1377  * This would have to know the set of possibilities.  Implementation
1378  * is deferred.
1379  */
1380 /* ARGSUSED */
1381 static void
1382 mccase(struct parse *p, cset *cs)
1383 {
1384 	assert(cs->multis == NULL);	/* xxx */
1385 }
1386 
1387 /*
1388  - isinsets - is this character in any sets?
1389  */
1390 static int			/* predicate */
1391 isinsets(struct re_guts *g, int c)
1392 {
1393 	uch *col;
1394 	int i;
1395 	int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
1396 	unsigned uc = (uch)c;
1397 
1398 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
1399 		if (col[uc] != 0)
1400 			return(1);
1401 	return(0);
1402 }
1403 
1404 /*
1405  - samesets - are these two characters in exactly the same sets?
1406  */
1407 static int			/* predicate */
1408 samesets(struct re_guts *g, int c1, int c2)
1409 {
1410 	uch *col;
1411 	int i;
1412 	int ncols = (g->ncsets+(CHAR_BIT-1)) / CHAR_BIT;
1413 	unsigned uc1 = (uch)c1;
1414 	unsigned uc2 = (uch)c2;
1415 
1416 	for (i = 0, col = g->setbits; i < ncols; i++, col += g->csetsize)
1417 		if (col[uc1] != col[uc2])
1418 			return(0);
1419 	return(1);
1420 }
1421 
1422 /*
1423  - categorize - sort out character categories
1424  */
1425 static void
1426 categorize(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
1427 {
1428 	cat_t *cats = g->categories;
1429 	int c;
1430 	int c2;
1431 	cat_t cat;
1432 
1433 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1434 	if (p->error != 0)
1435 		return;
1436 
1437 	for (c = CHAR_MIN; c <= CHAR_MAX; c++)
1438 		if (cats[c] == 0 && isinsets(g, c)) {
1439 			cat = g->ncategories++;
1440 			cats[c] = cat;
1441 			for (c2 = c+1; c2 <= CHAR_MAX; c2++)
1442 				if (cats[c2] == 0 && samesets(g, c, c2))
1443 					cats[c2] = cat;
1444 		}
1445 }
1446 
1447 /*
1448  - dupl - emit a duplicate of a bunch of sops
1449  */
1450 static sopno			/* start of duplicate */
1451 dupl(struct parse *p,
1452     sopno start,		/* from here */
1453     sopno finish)		/* to this less one */
1454 {
1455 	sopno ret = HERE();
1456 	sopno len = finish - start;
1457 
1458 	assert(finish >= start);
1459 	if (len == 0)
1460 		return(ret);
1461 	enlarge(p, p->ssize + len);	/* this many unexpected additions */
1462 	assert(p->ssize >= p->slen + len);
1463 	(void) memmove((char *)(p->strip + p->slen),
1464 		(char *)(p->strip + start), (size_t)len*sizeof(sop));
1465 	p->slen += len;
1466 	return(ret);
1467 }
1468 
1469 /*
1470  - doemit - emit a strip operator
1471  *
1472  * It might seem better to implement this as a macro with a function as
1473  * hard-case backup, but it's just too big and messy unless there are
1474  * some changes to the data structures.  Maybe later.
1475  */
1476 static void
1477 doemit(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd)
1478 {
1479 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1480 	if (p->error != 0)
1481 		return;
1482 
1483 	/* deal with oversize operands ("can't happen", more or less) */
1484 	assert(opnd < 1<<OPSHIFT);
1485 
1486 	/* deal with undersized strip */
1487 	if (p->slen >= p->ssize)
1488 		enlarge(p, (p->ssize+1) / 2 * 3);	/* +50% */
1489 	assert(p->slen < p->ssize);
1490 
1491 	/* finally, it's all reduced to the easy case */
1492 	p->strip[p->slen++] = SOP(op, opnd);
1493 }
1494 
1495 /*
1496  - doinsert - insert a sop into the strip
1497  */
1498 static void
1499 doinsert(struct parse *p, sop op, size_t opnd, sopno pos)
1500 {
1501 	sopno sn;
1502 	sop s;
1503 	int i;
1504 
1505 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1506 	if (p->error != 0)
1507 		return;
1508 
1509 	sn = HERE();
1510 	EMIT(op, opnd);		/* do checks, ensure space */
1511 	assert(HERE() == sn+1);
1512 	s = p->strip[sn];
1513 
1514 	/* adjust paren pointers */
1515 	assert(pos > 0);
1516 	for (i = 1; i < NPAREN; i++) {
1517 		if (p->pbegin[i] >= pos) {
1518 			p->pbegin[i]++;
1519 		}
1520 		if (p->pend[i] >= pos) {
1521 			p->pend[i]++;
1522 		}
1523 	}
1524 
1525 	memmove((char *)&p->strip[pos+1], (char *)&p->strip[pos],
1526 						(HERE()-pos-1)*sizeof(sop));
1527 	p->strip[pos] = s;
1528 }
1529 
1530 /*
1531  - dofwd - complete a forward reference
1532  */
1533 static void
1534 dofwd(struct parse *p, sopno pos, sop value)
1535 {
1536 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1537 	if (p->error != 0)
1538 		return;
1539 
1540 	assert(value < 1<<OPSHIFT);
1541 	p->strip[pos] = OP(p->strip[pos]) | value;
1542 }
1543 
1544 /*
1545  - enlarge - enlarge the strip
1546  */
1547 static void
1548 enlarge(struct parse *p, sopno size)
1549 {
1550 	sop *sp;
1551 
1552 	if (p->ssize >= size)
1553 		return;
1554 
1555 	if ((uintptr_t)size > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(sop)) {
1556 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1557 		return;
1558 	}
1559 
1560 	sp = (sop *)realloc(p->strip, size*sizeof(sop));
1561 	if (sp == NULL) {
1562 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1563 		return;
1564 	}
1565 	p->strip = sp;
1566 	p->ssize = size;
1567 }
1568 
1569 /*
1570  - stripsnug - compact the strip
1571  */
1572 static void
1573 stripsnug(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
1574 {
1575 	g->nstates = p->slen;
1576 	if ((uintptr_t)p->slen > SIZE_MAX / sizeof(sop)) {
1577 		g->strip = p->strip;
1578 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1579 		return;
1580 	}
1581 
1582 	g->strip = (sop *)realloc((char *)p->strip, p->slen * sizeof(sop));
1583 	if (g->strip == NULL) {
1584 		SETERROR(REG_ESPACE);
1585 		g->strip = p->strip;
1586 	}
1587 }
1588 
1589 /*
1590  - findmust - fill in must and mlen with longest mandatory literal string
1591  *
1592  * This algorithm could do fancy things like analyzing the operands of |
1593  * for common subsequences.  Someday.  This code is simple and finds most
1594  * of the interesting cases.
1595  *
1596  * Note that must and mlen got initialized during setup.
1597  */
1598 static void
1599 findmust(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
1600 {
1601 	sop *scan;
1602 	sop *start = 0; /* start initialized in the default case, after that */
1603 	sop *newstart = 0; /* newstart was initialized in the OCHAR case */
1604 	sopno newlen;
1605 	sop s;
1606 	char *cp;
1607 	sopno i;
1608 
1609 	/* avoid making error situations worse */
1610 	if (p->error != 0)
1611 		return;
1612 
1613 	/* find the longest OCHAR sequence in strip */
1614 	newlen = 0;
1615 	scan = g->strip + 1;
1616 	do {
1617 		s = *scan++;
1618 		switch (OP(s)) {
1619 		case OCHAR:		/* sequence member */
1620 			if (newlen == 0)		/* new sequence */
1621 				newstart = scan - 1;
1622 			newlen++;
1623 			break;
1624 		case OPLUS_:		/* things that don't break one */
1625 		case OLPAREN:
1626 		case ORPAREN:
1627 			break;
1628 		case OQUEST_:		/* things that must be skipped */
1629 		case OCH_:
1630 			scan--;
1631 			do {
1632 				scan += OPND(s);
1633 				s = *scan;
1634 				/* assert() interferes w debug printouts */
1635 				if (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH &&
1636 							OP(s) != OOR2) {
1637 					g->iflags |= REGEX_BAD;
1638 					return;
1639 				}
1640 			} while (OP(s) != O_QUEST && OP(s) != O_CH);
1641 			LLVM_FALLTHROUGH;
1642 		default:		/* things that break a sequence */
1643 			if (newlen > g->mlen) {		/* ends one */
1644 				start = newstart;
1645 				g->mlen = newlen;
1646 			}
1647 			newlen = 0;
1648 			break;
1649 		}
1650 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
1651 
1652 	if (g->mlen == 0)		/* there isn't one */
1653 		return;
1654 
1655 	/* turn it into a character string */
1656 	g->must = malloc((size_t)g->mlen + 1);
1657 	if (g->must == NULL) {		/* argh; just forget it */
1658 		g->mlen = 0;
1659 		return;
1660 	}
1661 	cp = g->must;
1662 	scan = start;
1663 	for (i = g->mlen; i > 0; i--) {
1664 		while (OP(s = *scan++) != OCHAR)
1665 			continue;
1666 		assert(cp < g->must + g->mlen);
1667 		*cp++ = (char)OPND(s);
1668 	}
1669 	assert(cp == g->must + g->mlen);
1670 	*cp++ = '\0';		/* just on general principles */
1671 }
1672 
1673 /*
1674  - pluscount - count + nesting
1675  */
1676 static sopno			/* nesting depth */
1677 pluscount(struct parse *p, struct re_guts *g)
1678 {
1679 	sop *scan;
1680 	sop s;
1681 	sopno plusnest = 0;
1682 	sopno maxnest = 0;
1683 
1684 	if (p->error != 0)
1685 		return(0);	/* there may not be an OEND */
1686 
1687 	scan = g->strip + 1;
1688 	do {
1689 		s = *scan++;
1690 		switch (OP(s)) {
1691 		case OPLUS_:
1692 			plusnest++;
1693 			break;
1694 		case O_PLUS:
1695 			if (plusnest > maxnest)
1696 				maxnest = plusnest;
1697 			plusnest--;
1698 			break;
1699 		}
1700 	} while (OP(s) != OEND);
1701 	if (plusnest != 0)
1702 		g->iflags |= REGEX_BAD;
1703 	return(maxnest);
1704 }
1705