lld/ELF/InputSection.h

//===- InputSection.h -------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#ifndef LLD_ELF_INPUT_SECTION_H
#define LLD_ELF_INPUT_SECTION_H

#include "Config.h"
#include "Relocations.h"
#include "Thunks.h"
#include "lld/Common/LLVM.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/CachedHashString.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/TinyPtrVector.h"
#include "llvm/Object/ELF.h"

namespace lld {
namespace elf {

class Symbol;
struct SectionPiece;

class Defined;
struct Partition;
class SyntheticSection;
class MergeSyntheticSection;
template <class ELFT> class ObjFile;
class OutputSection;

extern std::vector<Partition> partitions;

// This is the base class of all sections that lld handles. Some are sections in
// input files, some are sections in the produced output file and some exist
// just as a convenience for implementing special ways of combining some
// sections.
class SectionBase {
public:
  enum Kind { Regular, EHFrame, Merge, Synthetic, Output };

  Kind kind() const { return (Kind)sectionKind; }

  StringRef name;

  // This pointer points to the "real" instance of this instance.
  // Usually Repl == this. However, if ICF merges two sections,
  // Repl pointer of one section points to another section. So,
  // if you need to get a pointer to this instance, do not use
  // this but instead this->Repl.
  SectionBase *repl;

  unsigned sectionKind : 3;

  // The next three bit fields are only used by InputSectionBase, but we
  // put them here so the struct packs better.

  // True if this section has already been placed to a linker script
  // output section. This is needed because, in a linker script, you
  // can refer to the same section more than once. For example, in
  // the following linker script,
  //
  //   .foo : { *(.text) }
  //   .bar : { *(.text) }
  //
  // .foo takes all .text sections, and .bar becomes empty. To achieve
  // this, we need to memorize whether a section has been placed or
  // not for each input section.
  unsigned assigned : 1;

  unsigned bss : 1;

  // Set for sections that should not be folded by ICF.
  unsigned keepUnique : 1;

  // The 1-indexed partition that this section is assigned to by the garbage
  // collector, or 0 if this section is dead. Normally there is only one
  // partition, so this will either be 0 or 1.
  uint8_t partition;
  elf::Partition &getPartition() const;

  // These corresponds to the fields in Elf_Shdr.
  uint32_t alignment;
  uint64_t flags;
  uint64_t entsize;
  uint32_t type;
  uint32_t link;
  uint32_t info;

  OutputSection *getOutputSection();
  const OutputSection *getOutputSection() const {
    return const_cast<SectionBase *>(this)->getOutputSection();
  }

  // Translate an offset in the input section to an offset in the output
  // section.
  uint64_t getOffset(uint64_t offset) const;

  uint64_t getVA(uint64_t offset = 0) const;

  bool isLive() const { return partition != 0; }
  void markLive() { partition = 1; }
  void markDead() { partition = 0; }

protected:
  SectionBase(Kind sectionKind, StringRef name, uint64_t flags,
              uint64_t entsize, uint64_t alignment, uint32_t type,
              uint32_t info, uint32_t link)
      : name(name), repl(this), sectionKind(sectionKind), assigned(false),
        bss(false), keepUnique(false), partition(0), alignment(alignment),
        flags(flags), entsize(entsize), type(type), link(link), info(info) {}
};

// This corresponds to a section of an input file.
class InputSectionBase : public SectionBase {
public:
  template <class ELFT>
  InputSectionBase(ObjFile<ELFT> &file, const typename ELFT::Shdr &header,
                   StringRef name, Kind sectionKind);

  InputSectionBase(InputFile *file, uint64_t flags, uint32_t type,
                   uint64_t entsize, uint32_t link, uint32_t info,
                   uint32_t alignment, ArrayRef<uint8_t> data, StringRef name,
                   Kind sectionKind);

  static bool classof(const SectionBase *s) { return s->kind() != Output; }

  // Relocations that refer to this section.
  unsigned numRelocations : 31;
  unsigned areRelocsRela : 1;
  const void *firstRelocation = nullptr;

  // The file which contains this section. Its dynamic type is always
  // ObjFile<ELFT>, but in order to avoid ELFT, we use InputFile as
  // its static type.
  InputFile *file;

  template <class ELFT> ObjFile<ELFT> *getFile() const {
    return cast_or_null<ObjFile<ELFT>>(file);
  }

  ArrayRef<uint8_t> data() const {
    if (uncompressedSize >= 0)
      uncompress();
    return rawData;
  }

  uint64_t getOffsetInFile() const;

  // Input sections are part of an output section. Special sections
  // like .eh_frame and merge sections are first combined into a
  // synthetic section that is then added to an output section. In all
  // cases this points one level up.
  SectionBase *parent = nullptr;

  template <class ELFT> ArrayRef<typename ELFT::Rel> rels() const {
    assert(!areRelocsRela);
    return llvm::makeArrayRef(
        static_cast<const typename ELFT::Rel *>(firstRelocation),
        numRelocations);
  }

  template <class ELFT> ArrayRef<typename ELFT::Rela> relas() const {
    assert(areRelocsRela);
    return llvm::makeArrayRef(
        static_cast<const typename ELFT::Rela *>(firstRelocation),
        numRelocations);
  }

  // InputSections that are dependent on us (reverse dependency for GC)
  llvm::TinyPtrVector<InputSection *> dependentSections;

  // Returns the size of this section (even if this is a common or BSS.)
  size_t getSize() const;

  InputSection *getLinkOrderDep() const;

  // Get the function symbol that encloses this offset from within the
  // section.
  template <class ELFT>
  Defined *getEnclosingFunction(uint64_t offset);

  // Returns a source location string. Used to construct an error message.
  template <class ELFT> std::string getLocation(uint64_t offset);
  std::string getSrcMsg(const Symbol &sym, uint64_t offset);
  std::string getObjMsg(uint64_t offset);

  // Each section knows how to relocate itself. These functions apply
  // relocations, assuming that Buf points to this section's copy in
  // the mmap'ed output buffer.
  template <class ELFT> void relocate(uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *bufEnd);
  void relocateAlloc(uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *bufEnd);

  // The native ELF reloc data type is not very convenient to handle.
  // So we convert ELF reloc records to our own records in Relocations.cpp.
  // This vector contains such "cooked" relocations.
  std::vector<Relocation> relocations;

  // A function compiled with -fsplit-stack calling a function
  // compiled without -fsplit-stack needs its prologue adjusted. Find
  // such functions and adjust their prologues.  This is very similar
  // to relocation. See https://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/SplitStacks for more
  // information.
  template <typename ELFT>
  void adjustSplitStackFunctionPrologues(uint8_t *buf, uint8_t *end);


  template <typename T> llvm::ArrayRef<T> getDataAs() const {
    size_t s = data().size();
    assert(s % sizeof(T) == 0);
    return llvm::makeArrayRef<T>((const T *)data().data(), s / sizeof(T));
  }

protected:
  void parseCompressedHeader();
  void uncompress() const;

  mutable ArrayRef<uint8_t> rawData;

  // This field stores the uncompressed size of the compressed data in rawData,
  // or -1 if rawData is not compressed (either because the section wasn't
  // compressed in the first place, or because we ended up uncompressing it).
  // Since the feature is not used often, this is usually -1.
  mutable int64_t uncompressedSize = -1;
};

// SectionPiece represents a piece of splittable section contents.
// We allocate a lot of these and binary search on them. This means that they
// have to be as compact as possible, which is why we don't store the size (can
// be found by looking at the next one).
struct SectionPiece {
  SectionPiece(size_t off, uint32_t hash, bool live)
      : inputOff(off), live(live || !config->gcSections), hash(hash >> 1) {}

  uint32_t inputOff;
  uint32_t live : 1;
  uint32_t hash : 31;
  uint64_t outputOff = 0;
};

static_assert(sizeof(SectionPiece) == 16, "SectionPiece is too big");

// This corresponds to a SHF_MERGE section of an input file.
class MergeInputSection : public InputSectionBase {
public:
  template <class ELFT>
  MergeInputSection(ObjFile<ELFT> &f, const typename ELFT::Shdr &header,
                    StringRef name);
  MergeInputSection(uint64_t flags, uint32_t type, uint64_t entsize,
                    ArrayRef<uint8_t> data, StringRef name);

  static bool classof(const SectionBase *s) { return s->kind() == Merge; }
  void splitIntoPieces();

  // Translate an offset in the input section to an offset in the parent
  // MergeSyntheticSection.
  uint64_t getParentOffset(uint64_t offset) const;

  // Splittable sections are handled as a sequence of data
  // rather than a single large blob of data.
  std::vector<SectionPiece> pieces;

  // Returns I'th piece's data. This function is very hot when
  // string merging is enabled, so we want to inline.
  LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE
  llvm::CachedHashStringRef getData(size_t i) const {
    size_t begin = pieces[i].inputOff;
    size_t end =
        (pieces.size() - 1 == i) ? data().size() : pieces[i + 1].inputOff;
    return {toStringRef(data().slice(begin, end - begin)), pieces[i].hash};
  }

  // Returns the SectionPiece at a given input section offset.
  SectionPiece *getSectionPiece(uint64_t offset);
  const SectionPiece *getSectionPiece(uint64_t offset) const {
    return const_cast<MergeInputSection *>(this)->getSectionPiece(offset);
  }

  SyntheticSection *getParent() const;

private:
  void splitStrings(ArrayRef<uint8_t> a, size_t size);
  void splitNonStrings(ArrayRef<uint8_t> a, size_t size);
};

struct EhSectionPiece {
  EhSectionPiece(size_t off, InputSectionBase *sec, uint32_t size,
                 unsigned firstRelocation)
      : inputOff(off), sec(sec), size(size), firstRelocation(firstRelocation) {}

  ArrayRef<uint8_t> data() {
    return {sec->data().data() + this->inputOff, size};
  }

  size_t inputOff;
  ssize_t outputOff = -1;
  InputSectionBase *sec;
  uint32_t size;
  unsigned firstRelocation;
};

// This corresponds to a .eh_frame section of an input file.
class EhInputSection : public InputSectionBase {
public:
  template <class ELFT>
  EhInputSection(ObjFile<ELFT> &f, const typename ELFT::Shdr &header,
                 StringRef name);
  static bool classof(const SectionBase *s) { return s->kind() == EHFrame; }
  template <class ELFT> void split();
  template <class ELFT, class RelTy> void split(ArrayRef<RelTy> rels);

  // Splittable sections are handled as a sequence of data
  // rather than a single large blob of data.
  std::vector<EhSectionPiece> pieces;

  SyntheticSection *getParent() const;
};

// This is a section that is added directly to an output section
// instead of needing special combination via a synthetic section. This
// includes all input sections with the exceptions of SHF_MERGE and
// .eh_frame. It also includes the synthetic sections themselves.
class InputSection : public InputSectionBase {
public:
  InputSection(InputFile *f, uint64_t flags, uint32_t type, uint32_t alignment,
               ArrayRef<uint8_t> data, StringRef name, Kind k = Regular);
  template <class ELFT>
  InputSection(ObjFile<ELFT> &f, const typename ELFT::Shdr &header,
               StringRef name);

  // Write this section to a mmap'ed file, assuming Buf is pointing to
  // beginning of the output section.
  template <class ELFT> void writeTo(uint8_t *buf);

  uint64_t getOffset(uint64_t offset) const { return outSecOff + offset; }

  OutputSection *getParent() const;

  // This variable has two usages. Initially, it represents an index in the
  // OutputSection's InputSection list, and is used when ordering SHF_LINK_ORDER
  // sections. After assignAddresses is called, it represents the offset from
  // the beginning of the output section this section was assigned to.
  uint64_t outSecOff = 0;

  static bool classof(const SectionBase *s);

  InputSectionBase *getRelocatedSection() const;

  template <class ELFT, class RelTy>
  void relocateNonAlloc(uint8_t *buf, llvm::ArrayRef<RelTy> rels);

  // Used by ICF.
  uint32_t eqClass[2] = {0, 0};

  // Called by ICF to merge two input sections.
  void replace(InputSection *other);

  static InputSection discarded;

private:
  template <class ELFT, class RelTy>
  void copyRelocations(uint8_t *buf, llvm::ArrayRef<RelTy> rels);

  template <class ELFT> void copyShtGroup(uint8_t *buf);
};

// The list of all input sections.
extern std::vector<InputSectionBase *> inputSections;

} // namespace elf

std::string toString(const elf::InputSectionBase *);
} // namespace lld

#endif