xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/libcxx/include/span (revision 5036d9652a5701d00e9e40ea942c278e9f77d33d)
1// -*- C++ -*-
2//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3//
4// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7//
8//===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9
10#ifndef _LIBCPP_SPAN
11#define _LIBCPP_SPAN
12
13/*
14    span synopsis
15
16namespace std {
17
18// constants
19inline constexpr size_t dynamic_extent = numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
20
21template<class T>
22  concept integral-constant-like =                           // exposition only, since C++26
23    is_integral_v<decltype(T::value)> &&
24    !is_same_v<bool, remove_const_t<decltype(T::value)>> &&
25    convertible_to<T, decltype(T::value)> &&
26    equality_comparable_with<T, decltype(T::value)> &&
27    bool_constant<T() == T::value>::value &&
28    bool_constant<static_cast<decltype(T::value)>(T()) == T::value>::value;
29
30template<class T>
31  constexpr size_t maybe-static-ext = dynamic_extent;        // exposition only, since C++26
32template<integral-constant-like T>
33  constexpr size_t maybe-static-ext<T> = {T::value};
34
35// [views.span], class template span
36template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
37    class span;
38
39template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
40  inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
41
42template<class ElementType, size_t Extent>
43    inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<ElementType, Extent>> = true;
44
45// [span.objectrep], views of object representation
46template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
47    span<const byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
48        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
49
50template <class ElementType, size_t Extent>
51    span<      byte, ((Extent == dynamic_extent) ? dynamic_extent :
52        (sizeof(ElementType) * Extent))> as_writable_bytes(span<ElementType, Extent> s) noexcept;
53
54
55template <class ElementType, size_t Extent = dynamic_extent>
56class span {
57public:
58    // constants and types
59    using element_type = ElementType;
60    using value_type = remove_cv_t<ElementType>;
61    using size_type = size_t;
62    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
63    using pointer = element_type*;
64    using const_pointer = const element_type*;
65    using reference = element_type&;
66    using const_reference = const element_type&;
67    using iterator = implementation-defined;
68    using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
69    static constexpr size_type extent = Extent;
70
71    // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
72    constexpr span() noexcept;
73    template <class It>
74    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, size_type count);
75    template <class It, class End>
76    constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(It first, End last);
77    template <size_t N>
78        constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&arr)[N]) noexcept;
79    template <size_t N>
80        constexpr span(array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
81    template <size_t N>
82        constexpr span(const array<value_type, N>& arr) noexcept;
83    template<class R>
84      constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(R&& r);
85    constexpr explicit(extent != dynamic_extent) span(std::initializer_list<value_type> il); // Since C++26
86    constexpr span(const span& other) noexcept = default;
87    template <class OtherElementType, size_t OtherExtent>
88        constexpr explicit(Extent != dynamic_extent) span(const span<OtherElementType, OtherExtent>& s) noexcept;
89    constexpr span& operator=(const span& other) noexcept = default;
90
91    // [span.sub], span subviews
92    template <size_t Count>
93        constexpr span<element_type, Count> first() const;
94    template <size_t Count>
95        constexpr span<element_type, Count> last() const;
96    template <size_t Offset, size_t Count = dynamic_extent>
97        constexpr span<element_type, see below> subspan() const;
98
99    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type count) const;
100    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type count) const;
101    constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> subspan(size_type offset, size_type count = dynamic_extent) const;
102
103    // [span.obs], span observers
104    constexpr size_type size() const noexcept;
105    constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept;
106    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool empty() const noexcept;
107
108    // [span.elem], span element access
109    constexpr reference operator[](size_type idx) const;
110    constexpr reference at(size_type idx) const; // since C++26
111    constexpr reference front() const;
112    constexpr reference back() const;
113    constexpr pointer data() const noexcept;
114
115    // [span.iterators], span iterator support
116    constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept;
117    constexpr iterator end() const noexcept;
118    constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept;
119    constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept;
120
121private:
122    pointer data_;    // exposition only
123    size_type size_;  // exposition only
124};
125
126template<class It, class EndOrSize>
127    span(It, EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;                             // until C++26
128template<class It, class EndOrSize>
129    span(It, EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<It>>, maybe-static-ext<EndOrSize>>; // since C++26
130
131template<class T, size_t N>
132    span(T (&)[N]) -> span<T, N>;
133
134template<class T, size_t N>
135    span(array<T, N>&) -> span<T, N>;
136
137template<class T, size_t N>
138    span(const array<T, N>&) -> span<const T, N>;
139
140template<class R>
141    span(R&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<R>>>;
142
143} // namespace std
144
145*/
146
147#include <__assert>
148#include <__concepts/convertible_to.h>
149#include <__concepts/equality_comparable.h>
150#include <__config>
151#include <__fwd/array.h>
152#include <__fwd/span.h>
153#include <__iterator/bounded_iter.h>
154#include <__iterator/concepts.h>
155#include <__iterator/iterator_traits.h>
156#include <__iterator/reverse_iterator.h>
157#include <__iterator/wrap_iter.h>
158#include <__memory/pointer_traits.h>
159#include <__ranges/concepts.h>
160#include <__ranges/data.h>
161#include <__ranges/enable_borrowed_range.h>
162#include <__ranges/enable_view.h>
163#include <__ranges/size.h>
164#include <__type_traits/integral_constant.h>
165#include <__type_traits/is_array.h>
166#include <__type_traits/is_const.h>
167#include <__type_traits/is_convertible.h>
168#include <__type_traits/is_integral.h>
169#include <__type_traits/is_same.h>
170#include <__type_traits/remove_const.h>
171#include <__type_traits/remove_cv.h>
172#include <__type_traits/remove_cvref.h>
173#include <__type_traits/remove_reference.h>
174#include <__type_traits/type_identity.h>
175#include <__utility/forward.h>
176#include <cstddef> // for byte
177#include <initializer_list>
178#include <stdexcept>
179#include <version>
180
181// standard-mandated includes
182
183// [iterator.range]
184#include <__iterator/access.h>
185#include <__iterator/data.h>
186#include <__iterator/empty.h>
187#include <__iterator/reverse_access.h>
188#include <__iterator/size.h>
189
190#if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
191#  pragma GCC system_header
192#endif
193
194_LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
195#include <__undef_macros>
196
197_LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
198
199#if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
200
201template <class _Tp>
202struct __is_std_span : false_type {};
203
204template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
205struct __is_std_span<span<_Tp, _Sz>> : true_type {};
206
207template <class _Range, class _ElementType>
208concept __span_compatible_range =
209    !__is_std_span<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&                //
210    ranges::contiguous_range<_Range> &&                             //
211    ranges::sized_range<_Range> &&                                  //
212    (ranges::borrowed_range<_Range> || is_const_v<_ElementType>) && //
213    !__is_std_array<remove_cvref_t<_Range>>::value &&               //
214    !is_array_v<remove_cvref_t<_Range>> &&                          //
215    is_convertible_v<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>> (*)[], _ElementType (*)[]>;
216
217template <class _From, class _To>
218concept __span_array_convertible = is_convertible_v<_From (*)[], _To (*)[]>;
219
220template <class _It, class _Tp>
221concept __span_compatible_iterator =
222    contiguous_iterator<_It> && __span_array_convertible<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>, _Tp>;
223
224template <class _Sentinel, class _It>
225concept __span_compatible_sentinel_for = sized_sentinel_for<_Sentinel, _It> && !is_convertible_v<_Sentinel, size_t>;
226
227template <typename _Tp, size_t _Extent>
228class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span {
229public:
230  //  constants and types
231  using element_type    = _Tp;
232  using value_type      = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
233  using size_type       = size_t;
234  using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
235  using pointer         = _Tp*;
236  using const_pointer   = const _Tp*;
237  using reference       = _Tp&;
238  using const_reference = const _Tp&;
239#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
240  using iterator = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
241#  else
242  using iterator = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
243#  endif
244  using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
245
246  static constexpr size_type extent = _Extent;
247
248  // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
249  template <size_t _Sz = _Extent>
250    requires(_Sz == 0)
251  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span() noexcept : __data_{nullptr} {}
252
253#  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
254  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit span(std::initializer_list<value_type> __il)
255    requires is_const_v<element_type>
256      : __data_{__il.begin()} {
257    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_INPUT_RANGE(
258        _Extent == __il.size(), "Size mismatch in span's constructor _Extent != __il.size().");
259  }
260#  endif
261
262  constexpr span(const span&) noexcept            = default;
263  constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
264
265  template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
266  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit span(_It __first, size_type __count) : __data_{std::to_address(__first)} {
267    (void)__count;
268    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Extent == __count, "size mismatch in span's constructor (iterator, len)");
269  }
270
271  template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
272  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit span(_It __first, _End __last) : __data_{std::to_address(__first)} {
273    // [span.cons]/10
274    // Throws: When and what last - first throws.
275    [[maybe_unused]] auto __dist = __last - __first;
276    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_INPUT_RANGE(__dist >= 0, "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
277    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
278        __dist == _Extent, "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel): last - first != extent");
279  }
280
281  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Extent]) noexcept : __data_{__arr} {}
282
283  template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
284  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept : __data_{__arr.data()} {}
285
286  template <class _OtherElementType>
287    requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
288  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __arr) noexcept
289      : __data_{__arr.data()} {}
290
291  template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
292  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit span(_Range&& __r) : __data_{ranges::data(__r)} {
293    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(ranges::size(__r) == _Extent, "size mismatch in span's constructor (range)");
294  }
295
296  template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
297  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _Extent>& __other) noexcept
298      : __data_{__other.data()} {}
299
300  template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType>
301  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit span(const span<_OtherElementType, dynamic_extent>& __other) noexcept
302      : __data_{__other.data()} {
303    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Extent == __other.size(), "size mismatch in span's constructor (other span)");
304  }
305
306  template <size_t _Count>
307  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept {
308    static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
309    return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
310  }
311
312  template <size_t _Count>
313  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept {
314    static_assert(_Count <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
315    return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
316  }
317
318  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept {
319    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::first(count): count out of range");
320    return {data(), __count};
321  }
322
323  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type __count) const noexcept {
324    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__count <= size(), "span<T, N>::last(count): count out of range");
325    return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
326  }
327
328  template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
329  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr auto
330  subspan() const noexcept -> span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset> {
331    static_assert(_Offset <= _Extent, "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
332    static_assert(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= _Extent - _Offset,
333                  "span<T, N>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
334
335    using _ReturnType = span<element_type, _Count != dynamic_extent ? _Count : _Extent - _Offset>;
336    return _ReturnType{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
337  }
338
339  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent>
340  subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept {
341    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__offset <= size(), "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
342    if (__count == dynamic_extent)
343      return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
344    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
345        __count <= size() - __offset, "span<T, N>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
346    return {data() + __offset, __count};
347  }
348
349  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_type size() const noexcept { return _Extent; }
350  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept { return _Extent * sizeof(element_type); }
351  [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return _Extent == 0; }
352
353  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept {
354    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__idx < size(), "span<T, N>::operator[](index): index out of range");
355    return __data_[__idx];
356  }
357
358#  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
359  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference at(size_type __index) const {
360    if (__index >= size())
361      std::__throw_out_of_range("span");
362    return __data_[__index];
363  }
364#  endif
365
366  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference front() const noexcept {
367    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(!empty(), "span<T, N>::front() on empty span");
368    return __data_[0];
369  }
370
371  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference back() const noexcept {
372    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(!empty(), "span<T, N>::back() on empty span");
373    return __data_[size() - 1];
374  }
375
376  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr pointer data() const noexcept { return __data_; }
377
378  // [span.iter], span iterator support
379  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
380#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
381    return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
382#  else
383    return iterator(data());
384#  endif
385  }
386  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
387#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
388    return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
389#  else
390    return iterator(data() + size());
391#  endif
392  }
393  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
394  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
395
396  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_bytes() const noexcept {
397    return span<const byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(data()), size_bytes()};
398  }
399
400  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept {
401    return span<byte, _Extent * sizeof(element_type)>{reinterpret_cast<byte*>(data()), size_bytes()};
402  }
403
404private:
405  pointer __data_;
406};
407
408template <typename _Tp>
409class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS span<_Tp, dynamic_extent> {
410public:
411  //  constants and types
412  using element_type    = _Tp;
413  using value_type      = remove_cv_t<_Tp>;
414  using size_type       = size_t;
415  using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
416  using pointer         = _Tp*;
417  using const_pointer   = const _Tp*;
418  using reference       = _Tp&;
419  using const_reference = const _Tp&;
420#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
421  using iterator = __bounded_iter<pointer>;
422#  else
423  using iterator = __wrap_iter<pointer>;
424#  endif
425  using reverse_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<iterator>;
426
427  static constexpr size_type extent = dynamic_extent;
428
429  // [span.cons], span constructors, copy, assignment, and destructor
430  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span() noexcept : __data_{nullptr}, __size_{0} {}
431
432#  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
433  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(std::initializer_list<value_type> __il)
434    requires is_const_v<element_type>
435      : __data_{__il.begin()}, __size_{__il.size()} {}
436#  endif
437
438  constexpr span(const span&) noexcept            = default;
439  constexpr span& operator=(const span&) noexcept = default;
440
441  template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It>
442  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(_It __first, size_type __count)
443      : __data_{std::to_address(__first)}, __size_{__count} {}
444
445  template <__span_compatible_iterator<element_type> _It, __span_compatible_sentinel_for<_It> _End>
446  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(_It __first, _End __last)
447      : __data_(std::to_address(__first)), __size_(__last - __first) {
448    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_INPUT_RANGE(__last - __first >= 0, "invalid range in span's constructor (iterator, sentinel)");
449  }
450
451  template <size_t _Sz>
452  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(type_identity_t<element_type> (&__arr)[_Sz]) noexcept
453      : __data_{__arr}, __size_{_Sz} {}
454
455  template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
456  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept
457      : __data_{__arr.data()}, __size_{_Sz} {}
458
459  template <class _OtherElementType, size_t _Sz>
460    requires __span_array_convertible<const _OtherElementType, element_type>
461  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(const array<_OtherElementType, _Sz>& __arr) noexcept
462      : __data_{__arr.data()}, __size_{_Sz} {}
463
464  template <__span_compatible_range<element_type> _Range>
465  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(_Range&& __r) : __data_(ranges::data(__r)), __size_{ranges::size(__r)} {}
466
467  template <__span_array_convertible<element_type> _OtherElementType, size_t _OtherExtent>
468  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span(const span<_OtherElementType, _OtherExtent>& __other) noexcept
469      : __data_{__other.data()}, __size_{__other.size()} {}
470
471  template <size_t _Count>
472  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, _Count> first() const noexcept {
473    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::first<Count>(): Count out of range");
474    return span<element_type, _Count>{data(), _Count};
475  }
476
477  template <size_t _Count>
478  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, _Count> last() const noexcept {
479    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Count <= size(), "span<T>::last<Count>(): Count out of range");
480    return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + size() - _Count, _Count};
481  }
482
483  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> first(size_type __count) const noexcept {
484    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__count <= size(), "span<T>::first(count): count out of range");
485    return {data(), __count};
486  }
487
488  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> last(size_type __count) const noexcept {
489    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__count <= size(), "span<T>::last(count): count out of range");
490    return {data() + size() - __count, __count};
491  }
492
493  template <size_t _Offset, size_t _Count = dynamic_extent>
494  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr span<element_type, _Count> subspan() const noexcept {
495    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset out of range");
496    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(_Count == dynamic_extent || _Count <= size() - _Offset,
497                                        "span<T>::subspan<Offset, Count>(): Offset + Count out of range");
498    return span<element_type, _Count>{data() + _Offset, _Count == dynamic_extent ? size() - _Offset : _Count};
499  }
500
501  constexpr span<element_type, dynamic_extent> _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI
502  subspan(size_type __offset, size_type __count = dynamic_extent) const noexcept {
503    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__offset <= size(), "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset out of range");
504    if (__count == dynamic_extent)
505      return {data() + __offset, size() - __offset};
506    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
507        __count <= size() - __offset, "span<T>::subspan(offset, count): offset + count out of range");
508    return {data() + __offset, __count};
509  }
510
511  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_type size() const noexcept { return __size_; }
512  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr size_type size_bytes() const noexcept { return __size_ * sizeof(element_type); }
513  [[nodiscard]] _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool empty() const noexcept { return __size_ == 0; }
514
515  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference operator[](size_type __idx) const noexcept {
516    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__idx < size(), "span<T>::operator[](index): index out of range");
517    return __data_[__idx];
518  }
519
520#  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
521  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference at(size_type __index) const {
522    if (__index >= size())
523      std::__throw_out_of_range("span");
524    return __data_[__index];
525  }
526#  endif
527
528  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference front() const noexcept {
529    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(!empty(), "span<T>::front() on empty span");
530    return __data_[0];
531  }
532
533  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reference back() const noexcept {
534    _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(!empty(), "span<T>::back() on empty span");
535    return __data_[size() - 1];
536  }
537
538  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr pointer data() const noexcept { return __data_; }
539
540  // [span.iter], span iterator support
541  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr iterator begin() const noexcept {
542#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
543    return std::__make_bounded_iter(data(), data(), data() + size());
544#  else
545    return iterator(data());
546#  endif
547  }
548  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr iterator end() const noexcept {
549#  ifdef _LIBCPP_ABI_BOUNDED_ITERATORS
550    return std::__make_bounded_iter(data() + size(), data(), data() + size());
551#  else
552    return iterator(data() + size());
553#  endif
554  }
555  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(end()); }
556  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept { return reverse_iterator(begin()); }
557
558  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI span<const byte, dynamic_extent> __as_bytes() const noexcept {
559    return {reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(data()), size_bytes()};
560  }
561
562  _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI span<byte, dynamic_extent> __as_writable_bytes() const noexcept {
563    return {reinterpret_cast<byte*>(data()), size_bytes()};
564  }
565
566private:
567  pointer __data_;
568  size_type __size_;
569};
570
571template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
572inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_borrowed_range<span<_Tp, _Extent> > = true;
573
574template <class _ElementType, size_t _Extent>
575inline constexpr bool ranges::enable_view<span<_ElementType, _Extent>> = true;
576
577//  as_bytes & as_writable_bytes
578template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
579_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto as_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept {
580  return __s.__as_bytes();
581}
582
583template <class _Tp, size_t _Extent>
584  requires(!is_const_v<_Tp>)
585_LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI auto as_writable_bytes(span<_Tp, _Extent> __s) noexcept {
586  return __s.__as_writable_bytes();
587}
588
589#  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26
590template <class _Tp>
591concept __integral_constant_like =
592    is_integral_v<decltype(_Tp::value)> && !is_same_v<bool, remove_const_t<decltype(_Tp::value)>> &&
593    convertible_to<_Tp, decltype(_Tp::value)> && equality_comparable_with<_Tp, decltype(_Tp::value)> &&
594    bool_constant<_Tp() == _Tp::value>::value &&
595    bool_constant<static_cast<decltype(_Tp::value)>(_Tp()) == _Tp::value>::value;
596
597template <class _Tp>
598inline constexpr size_t __maybe_static_ext = dynamic_extent;
599
600template <__integral_constant_like _Tp>
601inline constexpr size_t __maybe_static_ext<_Tp> = {_Tp::value};
602
603template <contiguous_iterator _It, class _EndOrSize>
604span(_It, _EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>, __maybe_static_ext<_EndOrSize>>;
605#  else
606template <contiguous_iterator _It, class _EndOrSize>
607span(_It, _EndOrSize) -> span<remove_reference_t<iter_reference_t<_It>>>;
608#  endif
609
610template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
611span(_Tp (&)[_Sz]) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
612
613template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
614span(array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<_Tp, _Sz>;
615
616template <class _Tp, size_t _Sz>
617span(const array<_Tp, _Sz>&) -> span<const _Tp, _Sz>;
618
619template <ranges::contiguous_range _Range>
620span(_Range&&) -> span<remove_reference_t<ranges::range_reference_t<_Range>>>;
621
622#endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
623
624_LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
625
626_LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
627
628#if !defined(_LIBCPP_REMOVE_TRANSITIVE_INCLUDES) && _LIBCPP_STD_VER <= 20
629#  include <array>
630#  include <concepts>
631#  include <functional>
632#  include <iterator>
633#  include <type_traits>
634#endif
635
636#endif // _LIBCPP_SPAN
637