xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/libcxx/include/__ranges/movable_box.h (revision 5ca8e32633c4ffbbcd6762e5888b6a4ba0708c6c)
1 // -*- C++ -*-
2 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3 //
4 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef _LIBCPP___RANGES_MOVABLE_BOX_H
11 #define _LIBCPP___RANGES_MOVABLE_BOX_H
12 
13 #include <__concepts/constructible.h>
14 #include <__concepts/copyable.h>
15 #include <__concepts/movable.h>
16 #include <__config>
17 #include <__memory/addressof.h>
18 #include <__memory/construct_at.h>
19 #include <__type_traits/is_nothrow_constructible.h>
20 #include <__type_traits/is_nothrow_copy_constructible.h>
21 #include <__type_traits/is_nothrow_default_constructible.h>
22 #include <__utility/move.h>
23 #include <optional>
24 
25 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
26 #  pragma GCC system_header
27 #endif
28 
29 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
30 
31 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
32 
33 // __movable_box allows turning a type that is move-constructible (but maybe not move-assignable) into
34 // a type that is both move-constructible and move-assignable. It does that by introducing an empty state
35 // and basically doing destroy-then-copy-construct in the assignment operator. The empty state is necessary
36 // to handle the case where the copy construction fails after destroying the object.
37 //
38 // In some cases, we can completely avoid the use of an empty state; we provide a specialization of
39 // __movable_box that does this, see below for the details.
40 
41 // until C++23, `__movable_box` was named `__copyable_box` and required the stored type to be copy-constructible, not
42 // just move-constructible; we preserve the old behavior in pre-C++23 modes.
43 template <class _Tp>
44 concept __movable_box_object =
45 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
46     move_constructible<_Tp>
47 #  else
48     copy_constructible<_Tp>
49 #  endif
50     && is_object_v<_Tp>;
51 
52 namespace ranges {
53 // Primary template - uses std::optional and introduces an empty state in case assignment fails.
54 template <__movable_box_object _Tp>
55 class __movable_box {
56   _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS optional<_Tp> __val_;
57 
58 public:
59   template <class... _Args>
60     requires is_constructible_v<_Tp, _Args...>
61   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit __movable_box(in_place_t, _Args&&... __args) noexcept(
62       is_nothrow_constructible_v<_Tp, _Args...>)
63       : __val_(in_place, std::forward<_Args>(__args)...) {}
64 
65   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box() noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<_Tp>)
66     requires default_initializable<_Tp>
67       : __val_(in_place) {}
68 
69   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box(__movable_box const&) = default;
70   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box(__movable_box&&)      = default;
71 
72   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box&
73   operator=(__movable_box const& __other) noexcept(is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<_Tp>)
74 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
75     requires copy_constructible<_Tp>
76 #  endif
77   {
78     if (this != std::addressof(__other)) {
79       if (__other.__has_value())
80         __val_.emplace(*__other);
81       else
82         __val_.reset();
83     }
84     return *this;
85   }
86 
87   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box& operator=(__movable_box&&)
88     requires movable<_Tp>
89   = default;
90 
91   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box&
92   operator=(__movable_box&& __other) noexcept(is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Tp>) {
93     if (this != std::addressof(__other)) {
94       if (__other.__has_value())
95         __val_.emplace(std::move(*__other));
96       else
97         __val_.reset();
98     }
99     return *this;
100   }
101 
102   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp const& operator*() const noexcept { return *__val_; }
103   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp& operator*() noexcept { return *__val_; }
104 
105   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp* operator->() const noexcept { return __val_.operator->(); }
106   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp* operator->() noexcept { return __val_.operator->(); }
107 
108   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool __has_value() const noexcept { return __val_.has_value(); }
109 };
110 
111 // This partial specialization implements an optimization for when we know we don't need to store
112 // an empty state to represent failure to perform an assignment. For copy-assignment, this happens:
113 //
114 // 1. If the type is copyable (which includes copy-assignment), we can use the type's own assignment operator
115 //    directly and avoid using std::optional.
116 // 2. If the type is not copyable, but it is nothrow-copy-constructible, then we can implement assignment as
117 //    destroy-and-then-construct and we know it will never fail, so we don't need an empty state.
118 //
119 // The exact same reasoning can be applied for move-assignment, with copyable replaced by movable and
120 // nothrow-copy-constructible replaced by nothrow-move-constructible. This specialization is enabled
121 // whenever we can apply any of these optimizations for both the copy assignment and the move assignment
122 // operator.
123 
124 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
125 template <class _Tp>
126 concept __doesnt_need_empty_state =
127     (copy_constructible<_Tp>
128          // 1. If copy_constructible<T> is true, movable-box<T> should store only a T if either T models
129          //    copyable, or is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<T> && is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<T> is true.
130          ? copyable<_Tp> || (is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Tp> && is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<_Tp>)
131          // 2. Otherwise, movable-box<T> should store only a T if either T models movable or
132          //    is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<T> is true.
133          : movable<_Tp> || is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Tp>);
134 #  else
135 
136 template <class _Tp>
137 concept __doesnt_need_empty_state_for_copy = copyable<_Tp> || is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<_Tp>;
138 
139 template <class _Tp>
140 concept __doesnt_need_empty_state_for_move = movable<_Tp> || is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Tp>;
141 
142 template <class _Tp>
143 concept __doesnt_need_empty_state = __doesnt_need_empty_state_for_copy<_Tp> && __doesnt_need_empty_state_for_move<_Tp>;
144 #  endif
145 
146 template <__movable_box_object _Tp>
147   requires __doesnt_need_empty_state<_Tp>
148 class __movable_box<_Tp> {
149   _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS _Tp __val_;
150 
151 public:
152   template <class... _Args>
153     requires is_constructible_v<_Tp, _Args...>
154   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit __movable_box(in_place_t, _Args&&... __args) noexcept(
155       is_nothrow_constructible_v<_Tp, _Args...>)
156       : __val_(std::forward<_Args>(__args)...) {}
157 
158   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box() noexcept(is_nothrow_default_constructible_v<_Tp>)
159     requires default_initializable<_Tp>
160       : __val_() {}
161 
162   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box(__movable_box const&) = default;
163   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box(__movable_box&&)      = default;
164 
165   // Implementation of assignment operators in case we perform optimization (1)
166   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box& operator=(__movable_box const&)
167     requires copyable<_Tp>
168   = default;
169   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __movable_box& operator=(__movable_box&&)
170     requires movable<_Tp>
171   = default;
172 
173   // Implementation of assignment operators in case we perform optimization (2)
174   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box& operator=(__movable_box const& __other) noexcept {
175     static_assert(is_nothrow_copy_constructible_v<_Tp>);
176     if (this != std::addressof(__other)) {
177       std::destroy_at(std::addressof(__val_));
178       std::construct_at(std::addressof(__val_), __other.__val_);
179     }
180     return *this;
181   }
182 
183   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __movable_box& operator=(__movable_box&& __other) noexcept {
184     static_assert(is_nothrow_move_constructible_v<_Tp>);
185     if (this != std::addressof(__other)) {
186       std::destroy_at(std::addressof(__val_));
187       std::construct_at(std::addressof(__val_), std::move(__other.__val_));
188     }
189     return *this;
190   }
191 
192   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp const& operator*() const noexcept { return __val_; }
193   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp& operator*() noexcept { return __val_; }
194 
195   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const _Tp* operator->() const noexcept { return std::addressof(__val_); }
196   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr _Tp* operator->() noexcept { return std::addressof(__val_); }
197 
198   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool __has_value() const noexcept { return true; }
199 };
200 } // namespace ranges
201 
202 #endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
203 
204 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
205 
206 #endif // _LIBCPP___RANGES_MOVABLE_BOX_H
207