xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/compiler-rt/lib/asan/asan_mapping.h (revision 5036d9652a5701d00e9e40ea942c278e9f77d33d)
1 //===-- asan_mapping.h ------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file is a part of AddressSanitizer, an address sanity checker.
10 //
11 // Defines ASan memory mapping.
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 #ifndef ASAN_MAPPING_H
14 #define ASAN_MAPPING_H
15 
16 #include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_platform.h"
17 
18 // The full explanation of the memory mapping could be found here:
19 // https://github.com/google/sanitizers/wiki/AddressSanitizerAlgorithm
20 //
21 // Typical shadow mapping on Linux/x86_64 with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0x00007fff8000:
22 // || `[0x10007fff8000, 0x7fffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
23 // || `[0x02008fff7000, 0x10007fff7fff]` || HighShadow ||
24 // || `[0x00008fff7000, 0x02008fff6fff]` || ShadowGap  ||
25 // || `[0x00007fff8000, 0x00008fff6fff]` || LowShadow  ||
26 // || `[0x000000000000, 0x00007fff7fff]` || LowMem     ||
27 //
28 // When SHADOW_OFFSET is zero (-pie):
29 // || `[0x100000000000, 0x7fffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
30 // || `[0x020000000000, 0x0fffffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
31 // || `[0x000000040000, 0x01ffffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
32 //
33 // Special case when something is already mapped between
34 // 0x003000000000 and 0x005000000000 (e.g. when prelink is installed):
35 // || `[0x10007fff8000, 0x7fffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
36 // || `[0x02008fff7000, 0x10007fff7fff]` || HighShadow ||
37 // || `[0x005000000000, 0x02008fff6fff]` || ShadowGap3 ||
38 // || `[0x003000000000, 0x004fffffffff]` || MidMem     ||
39 // || `[0x000a7fff8000, 0x002fffffffff]` || ShadowGap2 ||
40 // || `[0x00067fff8000, 0x000a7fff7fff]` || MidShadow  ||
41 // || `[0x00008fff7000, 0x00067fff7fff]` || ShadowGap  ||
42 // || `[0x00007fff8000, 0x00008fff6fff]` || LowShadow  ||
43 // || `[0x000000000000, 0x00007fff7fff]` || LowMem     ||
44 //
45 // Default Linux/i386 mapping on x86_64 machine:
46 // || `[0x40000000, 0xffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
47 // || `[0x28000000, 0x3fffffff]` || HighShadow ||
48 // || `[0x24000000, 0x27ffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
49 // || `[0x20000000, 0x23ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
50 // || `[0x00000000, 0x1fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
51 //
52 // Default Linux/i386 mapping on i386 machine
53 // (addresses starting with 0xc0000000 are reserved
54 // for kernel and thus not sanitized):
55 // || `[0x38000000, 0xbfffffff]` || HighMem    ||
56 // || `[0x27000000, 0x37ffffff]` || HighShadow ||
57 // || `[0x24000000, 0x26ffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
58 // || `[0x20000000, 0x23ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
59 // || `[0x00000000, 0x1fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
60 //
61 // Default Linux/MIPS32 mapping:
62 // || `[0x2aaa0000, 0xffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
63 // || `[0x0fff4000, 0x2aa9ffff]` || HighShadow ||
64 // || `[0x0bff4000, 0x0fff3fff]` || ShadowGap  ||
65 // || `[0x0aaa0000, 0x0bff3fff]` || LowShadow  ||
66 // || `[0x00000000, 0x0aa9ffff]` || LowMem     ||
67 //
68 // Default Linux/MIPS64 mapping:
69 // || `[0x4000000000, 0xffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
70 // || `[0x2800000000, 0x3fffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
71 // || `[0x2400000000, 0x27ffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
72 // || `[0x2000000000, 0x23ffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
73 // || `[0x0000000000, 0x1fffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
74 //
75 // Default Linux/RISCV64 Sv39 mapping with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0xd55550000;
76 // (the exact location of SHADOW_OFFSET may vary depending the dynamic probing
77 //  by FindDynamicShadowStart).
78 //
79 // || `[0x1555550000, 0x3fffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
80 // || `[0x0fffffa000, 0x1555555fff]` || HighShadow ||
81 // || `[0x0effffa000, 0x0fffff9fff]` || ShadowGap  ||
82 // || `[0x0d55550000, 0x0effff9fff]` || LowShadow  ||
83 // || `[0x0000000000, 0x0d5554ffff]` || LowMem     ||
84 //
85 // Default Linux/AArch64 (39-bit VMA) mapping:
86 // || `[0x2000000000, 0x7fffffffff]` || highmem    ||
87 // || `[0x1400000000, 0x1fffffffff]` || highshadow ||
88 // || `[0x1200000000, 0x13ffffffff]` || shadowgap  ||
89 // || `[0x1000000000, 0x11ffffffff]` || lowshadow  ||
90 // || `[0x0000000000, 0x0fffffffff]` || lowmem     ||
91 //
92 // Default Linux/AArch64 (42-bit VMA) mapping:
93 // || `[0x10000000000, 0x3ffffffffff]` || highmem    ||
94 // || `[0x0a000000000, 0x0ffffffffff]` || highshadow ||
95 // || `[0x09000000000, 0x09fffffffff]` || shadowgap  ||
96 // || `[0x08000000000, 0x08fffffffff]` || lowshadow  ||
97 // || `[0x00000000000, 0x07fffffffff]` || lowmem     ||
98 //
99 // Default Linux/S390 mapping:
100 // || `[0x30000000, 0x7fffffff]` || HighMem    ||
101 // || `[0x26000000, 0x2fffffff]` || HighShadow ||
102 // || `[0x24000000, 0x25ffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
103 // || `[0x20000000, 0x23ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
104 // || `[0x00000000, 0x1fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
105 //
106 // Default Linux/SystemZ mapping:
107 // || `[0x14000000000000, 0x1fffffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
108 // || `[0x12800000000000, 0x13ffffffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
109 // || `[0x12000000000000, 0x127fffffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
110 // || `[0x10000000000000, 0x11ffffffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
111 // || `[0x00000000000000, 0x0fffffffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
112 //
113 // Default Linux/SPARC64 (52-bit VMA) mapping:
114 // || `[0x8000000000000, 0xfffffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
115 // || `[0x1080000000000, 0x207ffffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
116 // || `[0x0090000000000, 0x107ffffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
117 // || `[0x0080000000000, 0x008ffffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
118 // || `[0x0000000000000, 0x007ffffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
119 //
120 // Default Linux/LoongArch64 (47-bit VMA) mapping:
121 // || `[0x500000000000, 0x7fffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
122 // || `[0x4a0000000000, 0x4fffffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
123 // || `[0x480000000000, 0x49ffffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
124 // || `[0x400000000000, 0x47ffffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
125 // || `[0x000000000000, 0x3fffffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
126 //
127 // Shadow mapping on FreeBSD/x86-64 with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0x400000000000:
128 // || `[0x500000000000, 0x7fffffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
129 // || `[0x4a0000000000, 0x4fffffffffff]` || HighShadow ||
130 // || `[0x480000000000, 0x49ffffffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
131 // || `[0x400000000000, 0x47ffffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
132 // || `[0x000000000000, 0x3fffffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
133 //
134 // Shadow mapping on FreeBSD/i386 with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0x40000000:
135 // || `[0x60000000, 0xffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
136 // || `[0x4c000000, 0x5fffffff]` || HighShadow ||
137 // || `[0x48000000, 0x4bffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
138 // || `[0x40000000, 0x47ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
139 // || `[0x00000000, 0x3fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
140 //
141 // Shadow mapping on NetBSD/x86-64 with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0x400000000000:
142 // || `[0x4feffffffe01, 0x7f7ffffff000]` || HighMem    ||
143 // || `[0x49fdffffffc0, 0x4feffffffe00]` || HighShadow ||
144 // || `[0x480000000000, 0x49fdffffffbf]` || ShadowGap  ||
145 // || `[0x400000000000, 0x47ffffffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
146 // || `[0x000000000000, 0x3fffffffffff]` || LowMem     ||
147 //
148 // Shadow mapping on NetBSD/i386 with SHADOW_OFFSET == 0x40000000:
149 // || `[0x60000000, 0xfffff000]` || HighMem    ||
150 // || `[0x4c000000, 0x5fffffff]` || HighShadow ||
151 // || `[0x48000000, 0x4bffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
152 // || `[0x40000000, 0x47ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
153 // || `[0x00000000, 0x3fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
154 //
155 // Default Windows/i386 mapping:
156 // (the exact location of HighShadow/HighMem may vary depending
157 //  on WoW64, /LARGEADDRESSAWARE, etc).
158 // || `[0x50000000, 0xffffffff]` || HighMem    ||
159 // || `[0x3a000000, 0x4fffffff]` || HighShadow ||
160 // || `[0x36000000, 0x39ffffff]` || ShadowGap  ||
161 // || `[0x30000000, 0x35ffffff]` || LowShadow  ||
162 // || `[0x00000000, 0x2fffffff]` || LowMem     ||
163 
164 #define ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE 3
165 
166 #if SANITIZER_FUCHSIA
167 #  define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST (0)
168 #elif SANITIZER_WORDSIZE == 32
169 #  if SANITIZER_ANDROID
170 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
171 #  elif defined(__mips__)
172 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0aaa0000
173 #  elif SANITIZER_FREEBSD
174 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x40000000
175 #  elif SANITIZER_NETBSD
176 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x40000000
177 #  elif SANITIZER_WINDOWS
178 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x30000000
179 #  elif SANITIZER_IOS
180 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
181 #  else
182 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x20000000
183 #  endif
184 #else
185 #  if SANITIZER_IOS
186 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
187 #  elif SANITIZER_APPLE && defined(__aarch64__)
188 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
189 #  elif SANITIZER_FREEBSD && defined(__aarch64__)
190 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000800000000000
191 #  elif SANITIZER_RISCV64
192 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
193 #  elif defined(__aarch64__)
194 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000001000000000
195 #  elif defined(__powerpc64__)
196 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000100000000000
197 #  elif defined(__s390x__)
198 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0010000000000000
199 #  elif SANITIZER_FREEBSD
200 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000400000000000
201 #  elif SANITIZER_NETBSD
202 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000400000000000
203 #  elif SANITIZER_APPLE
204 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000100000000000
205 #  elif defined(__mips64)
206 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000002000000000
207 #  elif defined(__sparc__)
208 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000080000000000
209 #  elif SANITIZER_LOONGARCH64
210 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x0000400000000000
211 #  elif SANITIZER_WINDOWS64
212 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC
213 #  else
214 #    if ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE != 3
215 #      error "Value below is based on shadow scale = 3."
216 #      error "Original formula was: 0x7FFFFFFF & (~0xFFFULL << SHADOW_SCALE)."
217 #    endif
218 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST 0x000000007fff8000
219 #  endif
220 #endif
221 
222 #if defined(__cplusplus)
223 #  include "asan_internal.h"
224 
225 static const u64 kDefaultShadowSentinel = ~(uptr)0;
226 
227 #  if defined(ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST)
228 static const u64 kConstShadowOffset = ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_CONST;
229 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET kConstShadowOffset
230 #  elif defined(ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET_DYNAMIC)
231 #    define ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET __asan_shadow_memory_dynamic_address
232 #  else
233 #    error "ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET can't be determined."
234 #  endif
235 
236 #  if SANITIZER_ANDROID && defined(__arm__)
237 #    define ASAN_PREMAP_SHADOW 1
238 #  else
239 #    define ASAN_PREMAP_SHADOW 0
240 #  endif
241 
242 #  define ASAN_SHADOW_GRANULARITY (1ULL << ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE)
243 
244 #  define DO_ASAN_MAPPING_PROFILE 0  // Set to 1 to profile the functions below.
245 
246 #  if DO_ASAN_MAPPING_PROFILE
247 #    define PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING() AsanMappingProfile[__LINE__]++;
248 #  else
249 #    define PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING()
250 #  endif
251 
252 // If 1, all shadow boundaries are constants.
253 // Don't set to 1 other than for testing.
254 #  define ASAN_FIXED_MAPPING 0
255 
256 namespace __asan {
257 
258 extern uptr AsanMappingProfile[];
259 
260 #  if ASAN_FIXED_MAPPING
261 // Fixed mapping for 64-bit Linux. Mostly used for performance comparison
262 // with non-fixed mapping. As of r175253 (Feb 2013) the performance
263 // difference between fixed and non-fixed mapping is below the noise level.
264 static uptr kHighMemEnd = 0x7fffffffffffULL;
265 static uptr kMidMemBeg = 0x3000000000ULL;
266 static uptr kMidMemEnd = 0x4fffffffffULL;
267 #  else
268 extern uptr kHighMemEnd, kMidMemBeg, kMidMemEnd;  // Initialized in __asan_init.
269 #  endif
270 
271 }  // namespace __asan
272 
273 #  if defined(__sparc__) && SANITIZER_WORDSIZE == 64
274 #    include "asan_mapping_sparc64.h"
275 #  else
276 #    define MEM_TO_SHADOW(mem) \
277       (((mem) >> ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE) + (ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET))
278 #    define SHADOW_TO_MEM(mem) \
279       (((mem) - (ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET)) << (ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE))
280 
281 #    define kLowMemBeg 0
282 #    define kLowMemEnd (ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET ? ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET - 1 : 0)
283 
284 #    define kLowShadowBeg ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET
285 #    define kLowShadowEnd MEM_TO_SHADOW(kLowMemEnd)
286 
287 #    define kHighMemBeg (MEM_TO_SHADOW(kHighMemEnd) + 1)
288 
289 #    define kHighShadowBeg MEM_TO_SHADOW(kHighMemBeg)
290 #    define kHighShadowEnd MEM_TO_SHADOW(kHighMemEnd)
291 
292 #    define kMidShadowBeg MEM_TO_SHADOW(kMidMemBeg)
293 #    define kMidShadowEnd MEM_TO_SHADOW(kMidMemEnd)
294 
295 // With the zero shadow base we can not actually map pages starting from 0.
296 // This constant is somewhat arbitrary.
297 #    define kZeroBaseShadowStart 0
298 #    define kZeroBaseMaxShadowStart (1 << 18)
299 
300 #    define kShadowGapBeg \
301       (kLowShadowEnd ? kLowShadowEnd + 1 : kZeroBaseShadowStart)
302 #    define kShadowGapEnd ((kMidMemBeg ? kMidShadowBeg : kHighShadowBeg) - 1)
303 
304 #    define kShadowGap2Beg (kMidMemBeg ? kMidShadowEnd + 1 : 0)
305 #    define kShadowGap2End (kMidMemBeg ? kMidMemBeg - 1 : 0)
306 
307 #    define kShadowGap3Beg (kMidMemBeg ? kMidMemEnd + 1 : 0)
308 #    define kShadowGap3End (kMidMemBeg ? kHighShadowBeg - 1 : 0)
309 
310 namespace __asan {
311 
312 static inline bool AddrIsInLowMem(uptr a) {
313   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
314   return a <= kLowMemEnd;
315 }
316 
317 static inline bool AddrIsInLowShadow(uptr a) {
318   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
319   return a >= kLowShadowBeg && a <= kLowShadowEnd;
320 }
321 
322 static inline bool AddrIsInMidMem(uptr a) {
323   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
324   return kMidMemBeg && a >= kMidMemBeg && a <= kMidMemEnd;
325 }
326 
327 static inline bool AddrIsInMidShadow(uptr a) {
328   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
329   return kMidMemBeg && a >= kMidShadowBeg && a <= kMidShadowEnd;
330 }
331 
332 static inline bool AddrIsInHighMem(uptr a) {
333   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
334   return kHighMemBeg && a >= kHighMemBeg && a <= kHighMemEnd;
335 }
336 
337 static inline bool AddrIsInHighShadow(uptr a) {
338   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
339   return kHighMemBeg && a >= kHighShadowBeg && a <= kHighShadowEnd;
340 }
341 
342 static inline bool AddrIsInShadowGap(uptr a) {
343   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
344   if (kMidMemBeg) {
345     if (a <= kShadowGapEnd)
346       return ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET == 0 || a >= kShadowGapBeg;
347     return (a >= kShadowGap2Beg && a <= kShadowGap2End) ||
348            (a >= kShadowGap3Beg && a <= kShadowGap3End);
349   }
350   // In zero-based shadow mode we treat addresses near zero as addresses
351   // in shadow gap as well.
352   if (ASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET == 0)
353     return a <= kShadowGapEnd;
354   return a >= kShadowGapBeg && a <= kShadowGapEnd;
355 }
356 
357 }  // namespace __asan
358 
359 #  endif
360 
361 namespace __asan {
362 
363 static inline uptr MemToShadowSize(uptr size) {
364   return size >> ASAN_SHADOW_SCALE;
365 }
366 
367 static inline bool AddrIsInMem(uptr a) {
368   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
369   return AddrIsInLowMem(a) || AddrIsInMidMem(a) || AddrIsInHighMem(a) ||
370          (flags()->protect_shadow_gap == 0 && AddrIsInShadowGap(a));
371 }
372 
373 static inline uptr MemToShadow(uptr p) {
374   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
375   CHECK(AddrIsInMem(p));
376   return MEM_TO_SHADOW(p);
377 }
378 
379 static inline bool AddrIsInShadow(uptr a) {
380   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
381   return AddrIsInLowShadow(a) || AddrIsInMidShadow(a) || AddrIsInHighShadow(a);
382 }
383 
384 static inline uptr ShadowToMem(uptr p) {
385   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
386   CHECK(AddrIsInShadow(p));
387   return SHADOW_TO_MEM(p);
388 }
389 
390 static inline bool AddrIsAlignedByGranularity(uptr a) {
391   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
392   return (a & (ASAN_SHADOW_GRANULARITY - 1)) == 0;
393 }
394 
395 static inline bool AddressIsPoisoned(uptr a) {
396   PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING();
397   const uptr kAccessSize = 1;
398   u8 *shadow_address = (u8 *)MEM_TO_SHADOW(a);
399   s8 shadow_value = *shadow_address;
400   if (shadow_value) {
401     u8 last_accessed_byte =
402         (a & (ASAN_SHADOW_GRANULARITY - 1)) + kAccessSize - 1;
403     return (last_accessed_byte >= shadow_value);
404   }
405   return false;
406 }
407 
408 // Must be after all calls to PROFILE_ASAN_MAPPING().
409 static const uptr kAsanMappingProfileSize = __LINE__;
410 
411 }  // namespace __asan
412 
413 #endif  // __cplusplus
414 
415 #endif  // ASAN_MAPPING_H
416