xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/Iterator.cpp (revision 924226fba12cc9a228c73b956e1b7fa24c60b055)
1 //=== Iterator.cpp - Common functions for iterator checkers. -------*- C++ -*-//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // Defines common functions to be used by the itertor checkers .
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #include "Iterator.h"
14 
15 namespace clang {
16 namespace ento {
17 namespace iterator {
18 
19 bool isIteratorType(const QualType &Type) {
20   if (Type->isPointerType())
21     return true;
22 
23   const auto *CRD = Type->getUnqualifiedDesugaredType()->getAsCXXRecordDecl();
24   return isIterator(CRD);
25 }
26 
27 bool isIterator(const CXXRecordDecl *CRD) {
28   if (!CRD)
29     return false;
30 
31   const auto Name = CRD->getName();
32   if (!(Name.endswith_insensitive("iterator") ||
33         Name.endswith_insensitive("iter") || Name.endswith_insensitive("it")))
34     return false;
35 
36   bool HasCopyCtor = false, HasCopyAssign = true, HasDtor = false,
37        HasPreIncrOp = false, HasPostIncrOp = false, HasDerefOp = false;
38   for (const auto *Method : CRD->methods()) {
39     if (const auto *Ctor = dyn_cast<CXXConstructorDecl>(Method)) {
40       if (Ctor->isCopyConstructor()) {
41         HasCopyCtor = !Ctor->isDeleted() && Ctor->getAccess() == AS_public;
42       }
43       continue;
44     }
45     if (const auto *Dtor = dyn_cast<CXXDestructorDecl>(Method)) {
46       HasDtor = !Dtor->isDeleted() && Dtor->getAccess() == AS_public;
47       continue;
48     }
49     if (Method->isCopyAssignmentOperator()) {
50       HasCopyAssign = !Method->isDeleted() && Method->getAccess() == AS_public;
51       continue;
52     }
53     if (!Method->isOverloadedOperator())
54       continue;
55     const auto OPK = Method->getOverloadedOperator();
56     if (OPK == OO_PlusPlus) {
57       HasPreIncrOp = HasPreIncrOp || (Method->getNumParams() == 0);
58       HasPostIncrOp = HasPostIncrOp || (Method->getNumParams() == 1);
59       continue;
60     }
61     if (OPK == OO_Star) {
62       HasDerefOp = (Method->getNumParams() == 0);
63       continue;
64     }
65   }
66 
67   return HasCopyCtor && HasCopyAssign && HasDtor && HasPreIncrOp &&
68          HasPostIncrOp && HasDerefOp;
69 }
70 
71 bool isComparisonOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
72   return OK == OO_EqualEqual || OK == OO_ExclaimEqual || OK == OO_Less ||
73          OK == OO_LessEqual || OK == OO_Greater || OK == OO_GreaterEqual;
74 }
75 
76 bool isInsertCall(const FunctionDecl *Func) {
77   const auto *IdInfo = Func->getIdentifier();
78   if (!IdInfo)
79     return false;
80   if (Func->getNumParams() < 2 || Func->getNumParams() > 3)
81     return false;
82   if (!isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(0)->getType()))
83     return false;
84   return IdInfo->getName() == "insert";
85 }
86 
87 bool isEmplaceCall(const FunctionDecl *Func) {
88   const auto *IdInfo = Func->getIdentifier();
89   if (!IdInfo)
90     return false;
91   if (Func->getNumParams() < 2)
92     return false;
93   if (!isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(0)->getType()))
94     return false;
95   return IdInfo->getName() == "emplace";
96 }
97 
98 bool isEraseCall(const FunctionDecl *Func) {
99   const auto *IdInfo = Func->getIdentifier();
100   if (!IdInfo)
101     return false;
102   if (Func->getNumParams() < 1 || Func->getNumParams() > 2)
103     return false;
104   if (!isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(0)->getType()))
105     return false;
106   if (Func->getNumParams() == 2 &&
107       !isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(1)->getType()))
108     return false;
109   return IdInfo->getName() == "erase";
110 }
111 
112 bool isEraseAfterCall(const FunctionDecl *Func) {
113   const auto *IdInfo = Func->getIdentifier();
114   if (!IdInfo)
115     return false;
116   if (Func->getNumParams() < 1 || Func->getNumParams() > 2)
117     return false;
118   if (!isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(0)->getType()))
119     return false;
120   if (Func->getNumParams() == 2 &&
121       !isIteratorType(Func->getParamDecl(1)->getType()))
122     return false;
123   return IdInfo->getName() == "erase_after";
124 }
125 
126 bool isAccessOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
127   return isDereferenceOperator(OK) || isIncrementOperator(OK) ||
128          isDecrementOperator(OK) || isRandomIncrOrDecrOperator(OK);
129 }
130 
131 bool isAccessOperator(UnaryOperatorKind OK) {
132   return isDereferenceOperator(OK) || isIncrementOperator(OK) ||
133          isDecrementOperator(OK);
134 }
135 
136 bool isAccessOperator(BinaryOperatorKind OK) {
137   return isDereferenceOperator(OK) || isRandomIncrOrDecrOperator(OK);
138 }
139 
140 bool isDereferenceOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
141   return OK == OO_Star || OK == OO_Arrow || OK == OO_ArrowStar ||
142          OK == OO_Subscript;
143 }
144 
145 bool isDereferenceOperator(UnaryOperatorKind OK) {
146   return OK == UO_Deref;
147 }
148 
149 bool isDereferenceOperator(BinaryOperatorKind OK) {
150   return OK == BO_PtrMemI;
151 }
152 
153 bool isIncrementOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
154   return OK == OO_PlusPlus;
155 }
156 
157 bool isIncrementOperator(UnaryOperatorKind OK) {
158   return OK == UO_PreInc || OK == UO_PostInc;
159 }
160 
161 bool isDecrementOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
162   return OK == OO_MinusMinus;
163 }
164 
165 bool isDecrementOperator(UnaryOperatorKind OK) {
166   return OK == UO_PreDec || OK == UO_PostDec;
167 }
168 
169 bool isRandomIncrOrDecrOperator(OverloadedOperatorKind OK) {
170   return OK == OO_Plus || OK == OO_PlusEqual || OK == OO_Minus ||
171          OK == OO_MinusEqual;
172 }
173 
174 bool isRandomIncrOrDecrOperator(BinaryOperatorKind OK) {
175   return OK == BO_Add || OK == BO_AddAssign ||
176          OK == BO_Sub || OK == BO_SubAssign;
177 }
178 
179 const ContainerData *getContainerData(ProgramStateRef State,
180                                       const MemRegion *Cont) {
181   return State->get<ContainerMap>(Cont);
182 }
183 
184 const IteratorPosition *getIteratorPosition(ProgramStateRef State,
185                                             const SVal &Val) {
186   if (auto Reg = Val.getAsRegion()) {
187     Reg = Reg->getMostDerivedObjectRegion();
188     return State->get<IteratorRegionMap>(Reg);
189   } else if (const auto Sym = Val.getAsSymbol()) {
190     return State->get<IteratorSymbolMap>(Sym);
191   } else if (const auto LCVal = Val.getAs<nonloc::LazyCompoundVal>()) {
192     return State->get<IteratorRegionMap>(LCVal->getRegion());
193   }
194   return nullptr;
195 }
196 
197 ProgramStateRef setIteratorPosition(ProgramStateRef State, const SVal &Val,
198                                     const IteratorPosition &Pos) {
199   if (auto Reg = Val.getAsRegion()) {
200     Reg = Reg->getMostDerivedObjectRegion();
201     return State->set<IteratorRegionMap>(Reg, Pos);
202   } else if (const auto Sym = Val.getAsSymbol()) {
203     return State->set<IteratorSymbolMap>(Sym, Pos);
204   } else if (const auto LCVal = Val.getAs<nonloc::LazyCompoundVal>()) {
205     return State->set<IteratorRegionMap>(LCVal->getRegion(), Pos);
206   }
207   return nullptr;
208 }
209 
210 ProgramStateRef createIteratorPosition(ProgramStateRef State, const SVal &Val,
211                                        const MemRegion *Cont, const Stmt* S,
212                                        const LocationContext *LCtx,
213                                        unsigned blockCount) {
214   auto &StateMgr = State->getStateManager();
215   auto &SymMgr = StateMgr.getSymbolManager();
216   auto &ACtx = StateMgr.getContext();
217 
218   auto Sym = SymMgr.conjureSymbol(S, LCtx, ACtx.LongTy, blockCount);
219   State = assumeNoOverflow(State, Sym, 4);
220   return setIteratorPosition(State, Val,
221                              IteratorPosition::getPosition(Cont, Sym));
222 }
223 
224 ProgramStateRef advancePosition(ProgramStateRef State, const SVal &Iter,
225                                 OverloadedOperatorKind Op,
226                                 const SVal &Distance) {
227   const auto *Pos = getIteratorPosition(State, Iter);
228   if (!Pos)
229     return nullptr;
230 
231   auto &SymMgr = State->getStateManager().getSymbolManager();
232   auto &SVB = State->getStateManager().getSValBuilder();
233   auto &BVF = State->getStateManager().getBasicVals();
234 
235   assert ((Op == OO_Plus || Op == OO_PlusEqual ||
236            Op == OO_Minus || Op == OO_MinusEqual) &&
237           "Advance operator must be one of +, -, += and -=.");
238   auto BinOp = (Op == OO_Plus || Op == OO_PlusEqual) ? BO_Add : BO_Sub;
239   const auto IntDistOp = Distance.getAs<nonloc::ConcreteInt>();
240   if (!IntDistOp)
241     return nullptr;
242 
243   // For concrete integers we can calculate the new position
244   nonloc::ConcreteInt IntDist = *IntDistOp;
245 
246   if (IntDist.getValue().isNegative()) {
247     IntDist = nonloc::ConcreteInt(BVF.getValue(-IntDist.getValue()));
248     BinOp = (BinOp == BO_Add) ? BO_Sub : BO_Add;
249   }
250   const auto NewPos =
251     Pos->setTo(SVB.evalBinOp(State, BinOp,
252                              nonloc::SymbolVal(Pos->getOffset()),
253                              IntDist, SymMgr.getType(Pos->getOffset()))
254                .getAsSymbol());
255   return setIteratorPosition(State, Iter, NewPos);
256 }
257 
258 // This function tells the analyzer's engine that symbols produced by our
259 // checker, most notably iterator positions, are relatively small.
260 // A distance between items in the container should not be very large.
261 // By assuming that it is within around 1/8 of the address space,
262 // we can help the analyzer perform operations on these symbols
263 // without being afraid of integer overflows.
264 // FIXME: Should we provide it as an API, so that all checkers could use it?
265 ProgramStateRef assumeNoOverflow(ProgramStateRef State, SymbolRef Sym,
266                                  long Scale) {
267   SValBuilder &SVB = State->getStateManager().getSValBuilder();
268   BasicValueFactory &BV = SVB.getBasicValueFactory();
269 
270   QualType T = Sym->getType();
271   assert(T->isSignedIntegerOrEnumerationType());
272   APSIntType AT = BV.getAPSIntType(T);
273 
274   ProgramStateRef NewState = State;
275 
276   llvm::APSInt Max = AT.getMaxValue() / AT.getValue(Scale);
277   SVal IsCappedFromAbove =
278       SVB.evalBinOpNN(State, BO_LE, nonloc::SymbolVal(Sym),
279                       nonloc::ConcreteInt(Max), SVB.getConditionType());
280   if (auto DV = IsCappedFromAbove.getAs<DefinedSVal>()) {
281     NewState = NewState->assume(*DV, true);
282     if (!NewState)
283       return State;
284   }
285 
286   llvm::APSInt Min = -Max;
287   SVal IsCappedFromBelow =
288       SVB.evalBinOpNN(State, BO_GE, nonloc::SymbolVal(Sym),
289                       nonloc::ConcreteInt(Min), SVB.getConditionType());
290   if (auto DV = IsCappedFromBelow.getAs<DefinedSVal>()) {
291     NewState = NewState->assume(*DV, true);
292     if (!NewState)
293       return State;
294   }
295 
296   return NewState;
297 }
298 
299 bool compare(ProgramStateRef State, SymbolRef Sym1, SymbolRef Sym2,
300              BinaryOperator::Opcode Opc) {
301   return compare(State, nonloc::SymbolVal(Sym1), nonloc::SymbolVal(Sym2), Opc);
302 }
303 
304 bool compare(ProgramStateRef State, NonLoc NL1, NonLoc NL2,
305              BinaryOperator::Opcode Opc) {
306   auto &SVB = State->getStateManager().getSValBuilder();
307 
308   const auto comparison =
309     SVB.evalBinOp(State, Opc, NL1, NL2, SVB.getConditionType());
310 
311   assert(comparison.getAs<DefinedSVal>() &&
312     "Symbol comparison must be a `DefinedSVal`");
313 
314   return !State->assume(comparison.castAs<DefinedSVal>(), false);
315 }
316 
317 } // namespace iterator
318 } // namespace ento
319 } // namespace clang
320