xref: /freebsd/contrib/llvm-project/clang/lib/StaticAnalyzer/Checkers/ErrnoModeling.h (revision f126890ac5386406dadf7c4cfa9566cbb56537c5)
1 //=== ErrnoModeling.h - Tracking value of 'errno'. -----------------*- C++ -*-//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // Defines inter-checker API for using the system value 'errno'.
10 //
11 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
12 
13 #ifndef LLVM_CLANG_LIB_STATICANALYZER_CHECKERS_ERRNOMODELING_H
14 #define LLVM_CLANG_LIB_STATICANALYZER_CHECKERS_ERRNOMODELING_H
15 
16 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/CheckerContext.h"
17 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/ProgramState.h"
18 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/SVals.h"
19 #include <optional>
20 
21 namespace clang {
22 namespace ento {
23 namespace errno_modeling {
24 
25 /// Describe how reads and writes of \c errno are handled by the checker.
26 enum ErrnoCheckState : unsigned {
27   /// We do not know anything about 'errno'.
28   /// Read and write is always allowed.
29   Irrelevant = 0,
30 
31   /// Value of 'errno' should be checked to find out if a previous function call
32   /// has failed.
33   /// When this state is set \c errno must be read by the program before a next
34   /// standard function call or other overwrite of \c errno follows, otherwise
35   /// a bug report is emitted.
36   MustBeChecked = 1,
37 
38   /// Value of 'errno' is not allowed to be read, it can contain an unspecified
39   /// value.
40   /// When this state is set \c errno is not allowed to be read by the program
41   /// until it is overwritten or invalidated.
42   MustNotBeChecked = 2
43 };
44 
45 /// Returns the value of 'errno', if 'errno' was found in the AST.
46 std::optional<SVal> getErrnoValue(ProgramStateRef State);
47 
48 /// Returns the errno check state, \c Errno_Irrelevant if 'errno' was not found
49 /// (this is not the only case for that value).
50 ErrnoCheckState getErrnoState(ProgramStateRef State);
51 
52 /// Returns the location that points to the \c MemoryRegion where the 'errno'
53 /// value is stored. Returns \c std::nullopt if 'errno' was not found. Otherwise
54 /// it always returns a valid memory region in the system global memory space.
55 std::optional<Loc> getErrnoLoc(ProgramStateRef State);
56 
57 /// Set value of 'errno' to any SVal, if possible.
58 /// The errno check state is set always when the 'errno' value is set.
59 ProgramStateRef setErrnoValue(ProgramStateRef State,
60                               const LocationContext *LCtx, SVal Value,
61                               ErrnoCheckState EState);
62 
63 /// Set value of 'errno' to a concrete (signed) integer, if possible.
64 /// The errno check state is set always when the 'errno' value is set.
65 ProgramStateRef setErrnoValue(ProgramStateRef State, CheckerContext &C,
66                               uint64_t Value, ErrnoCheckState EState);
67 
68 /// Set the errno check state, do not modify the errno value.
69 ProgramStateRef setErrnoState(ProgramStateRef State, ErrnoCheckState EState);
70 
71 /// Clear state of errno (make it irrelevant).
72 ProgramStateRef clearErrnoState(ProgramStateRef State);
73 
74 /// Determine if a `Decl` node related to 'errno'.
75 /// This is true if the declaration is the errno variable or a function
76 /// that returns a pointer to the 'errno' value (usually the 'errno' macro is
77 /// defined with this function). \p D is not required to be a canonical
78 /// declaration.
79 bool isErrno(const Decl *D);
80 
81 /// Create a NoteTag that displays the message if the 'errno' memory region is
82 /// marked as interesting, and resets the interestingness.
83 const NoteTag *getErrnoNoteTag(CheckerContext &C, const std::string &Message);
84 
85 /// Set errno state for the common case when a standard function is successful.
86 /// Set \c ErrnoCheckState to \c MustNotBeChecked (the \c errno value is not
87 /// affected). At the state transition a note tag created by
88 /// \c getNoteTagForStdSuccess can be used.
89 ProgramStateRef setErrnoForStdSuccess(ProgramStateRef State, CheckerContext &C);
90 
91 /// Set errno state for the common case when a standard function fails.
92 /// Set \c errno value to be not equal to zero and \c ErrnoCheckState to
93 /// \c Irrelevant . The irrelevant errno state ensures that no related bug
94 /// report is emitted later and no note tag is needed.
95 /// \arg \c ErrnoSym Value to be used for \c errno and constrained to be
96 /// non-zero.
97 ProgramStateRef setErrnoForStdFailure(ProgramStateRef State, CheckerContext &C,
98                                       NonLoc ErrnoSym);
99 
100 /// Set errno state for the common case when a standard function indicates
101 /// failure only by \c errno. Sets \c ErrnoCheckState to \c MustBeChecked, and
102 /// invalidates the errno region (clear of previous value).
103 /// At the state transition a note tag created by
104 /// \c getNoteTagForStdMustBeChecked can be used.
105 /// \arg \c InvalE Expression that causes invalidation of \c errno.
106 ProgramStateRef setErrnoStdMustBeChecked(ProgramStateRef State,
107                                          CheckerContext &C, const Expr *InvalE);
108 
109 /// Generate the note tag that can be applied at the state generated by
110 /// \c setErrnoForStdSuccess .
111 /// \arg \c Fn Name of the (standard) function that is modeled.
112 const NoteTag *getNoteTagForStdSuccess(CheckerContext &C, llvm::StringRef Fn);
113 
114 /// Generate the note tag that can be applied at the state generated by
115 /// \c setErrnoStdMustBeChecked .
116 /// \arg \c Fn Name of the (standard) function that is modeled.
117 const NoteTag *getNoteTagForStdMustBeChecked(CheckerContext &C,
118                                              llvm::StringRef Fn);
119 
120 } // namespace errno_modeling
121 } // namespace ento
122 } // namespace clang
123 
124 #endif // LLVM_CLANG_LIB_STATICANALYZER_CHECKERS_ERRNOMODELING_H
125