xref: /freebsd/contrib/libpcap/pcap.c (revision b9f654b163bce26de79705e77b872427c9f2afa1)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the Computer Systems
16  *	Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor of the Laboratory may be used
18  *    to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
19  *    specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
35 #include <config.h>
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <pcap-types.h>
39 #ifndef _WIN32
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #ifndef MSDOS
42 #include <sys/file.h>
43 #endif
44 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
45 #include <sys/socket.h>
46 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKIO_H
47 #include <sys/sockio.h>
48 #endif
49 
50 struct mbuf;		/* Squelch compiler warnings on some platforms for */
51 struct rtentry;		/* declarations in <net/if.h> */
52 #include <net/if.h>
53 #include <netinet/in.h>
54 #endif /* _WIN32 */
55 
56 #include <ctype.h>
57 #include <stdio.h>
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 #endif
63 #include <fcntl.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
66 #include <limits.h>
67 #else
68 #define INT_MAX		2147483647
69 #endif
70 
71 #ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H
72 #include "os-proto.h"
73 #endif
74 
75 #ifdef MSDOS
76 #include "pcap-dos.h"
77 #endif
78 
79 #include "pcap-int.h"
80 
81 #include "optimize.h"
82 
83 #ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
84 #include "pcap-dag.h"
85 #endif /* HAVE_DAG_API */
86 
87 #ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
88 #include "pcap-septel.h"
89 #endif /* HAVE_SEPTEL_API */
90 
91 #ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
92 #include "pcap-snf.h"
93 #endif /* HAVE_SNF_API */
94 
95 #ifdef HAVE_TC_API
96 #include "pcap-tc.h"
97 #endif /* HAVE_TC_API */
98 
99 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_USB
100 #include "pcap-usb-linux.h"
101 #endif
102 
103 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
104 #include "pcap-bt-linux.h"
105 #endif
106 
107 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT_MONITOR
108 #include "pcap-bt-monitor-linux.h"
109 #endif
110 
111 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETFILTER
112 #include "pcap-netfilter-linux.h"
113 #endif
114 
115 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
116 #include "pcap-netmap.h"
117 #endif
118 
119 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DBUS
120 #include "pcap-dbus.h"
121 #endif
122 
123 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_RDMASNIFF
124 #include "pcap-rdmasniff.h"
125 #endif
126 
127 #ifdef _WIN32
128 /*
129  * DllMain(), required when built as a Windows DLL.
130  */
131 BOOL WINAPI DllMain(
132   HANDLE hinstDLL,
133   DWORD dwReason,
134   LPVOID lpvReserved
135 )
136 {
137 	return (TRUE);
138 }
139 
140 /*
141  * Start WinSock.
142  * Exported in case some applications using WinPcap called it,
143  * even though it wasn't exported.
144  */
145 int
146 wsockinit(void)
147 {
148 	WORD wVersionRequested;
149 	WSADATA wsaData;
150 	static int err = -1;
151 	static int done = 0;
152 
153 	if (done)
154 		return (err);
155 
156 	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1);
157 	err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
158 	atexit ((void(*)(void))WSACleanup);
159 	done = 1;
160 
161 	if ( err != 0 )
162 		err = -1;
163 	return (err);
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * This is the exported function; new programs should call this.
168  */
169 int
170 pcap_wsockinit(void)
171 {
172        return (wsockinit());
173 }
174 #endif /* _WIN32 */
175 
176 /*
177  * String containing the library version.
178  * Not explicitly exported via a header file - the right API to use
179  * is pcap_lib_version() - but some programs included it, so we
180  * provide it.
181  *
182  * We declare it here, right before defining it, to squelch any
183  * warnings we might get from compilers about the lack of a
184  * declaration.
185  */
186 PCAP_API char pcap_version[];
187 PCAP_API_DEF char pcap_version[] = PACKAGE_VERSION;
188 
189 static int
190 pcap_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
191 {
192 	if (pcap->activated) {
193 		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
194 		(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
195 		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
196 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
197 	}
198 	/* in case the caller doesn't check for PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED */
199 	(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
200 	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
201 	/* this means 'not initialized' */
202 	return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
203 }
204 
205 #ifdef _WIN32
206 static void *
207 pcap_not_initialized_ptr(pcap_t *pcap)
208 {
209 	if (pcap->activated) {
210 		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
211 		(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
212 		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
213 		return (NULL);
214 	}
215 	(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
216 	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
217 	return (NULL);
218 }
219 
220 static HANDLE
221 pcap_getevent_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
222 {
223 	if (pcap->activated) {
224 		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
225 		(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
226 		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
227 		return (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
228 	}
229 	(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
230 	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
231 	return (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
232 }
233 
234 static u_int
235 pcap_sendqueue_transmit_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap, pcap_send_queue* queue, int sync)
236 {
237 	if (pcap->activated) {
238 		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
239 		(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
240 		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
241 		return (0);
242 	}
243 	(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
244 	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
245 	return (0);
246 }
247 
248 static PAirpcapHandle
249 pcap_get_airpcap_handle_not_initialized(pcap_t *pcap)
250 {
251 	if (pcap->activated) {
252 		/* A module probably forgot to set the function pointer */
253 		(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
254 		    "This operation isn't properly handled by that device");
255 		return (NULL);
256 	}
257 	(void)pcap_snprintf(pcap->errbuf, sizeof(pcap->errbuf),
258 	    "This handle hasn't been activated yet");
259 	return (NULL);
260 }
261 #endif
262 
263 /*
264  * Returns 1 if rfmon mode can be set on the pcap_t, 0 if it can't,
265  * a PCAP_ERROR value on an error.
266  */
267 int
268 pcap_can_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p)
269 {
270 	return (p->can_set_rfmon_op(p));
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * For systems where rfmon mode is never supported.
275  */
276 static int
277 pcap_cant_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p _U_)
278 {
279 	return (0);
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Sets *tstamp_typesp to point to an array 1 or more supported time stamp
284  * types; the return value is the number of supported time stamp types.
285  * The list should be freed by a call to pcap_free_tstamp_types() when
286  * you're done with it.
287  *
288  * A return value of 0 means "you don't get a choice of time stamp type",
289  * in which case *tstamp_typesp is set to null.
290  *
291  * PCAP_ERROR is returned on error.
292  */
293 int
294 pcap_list_tstamp_types(pcap_t *p, int **tstamp_typesp)
295 {
296 	if (p->tstamp_type_count == 0) {
297 		/*
298 		 * We don't support multiple time stamp types.
299 		 */
300 		*tstamp_typesp = NULL;
301 	} else {
302 		*tstamp_typesp = (int*)calloc(sizeof(**tstamp_typesp),
303 		    p->tstamp_type_count);
304 		if (*tstamp_typesp == NULL) {
305 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
306 			    errno, "malloc");
307 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
308 		}
309 		(void)memcpy(*tstamp_typesp, p->tstamp_type_list,
310 		    sizeof(**tstamp_typesp) * p->tstamp_type_count);
311 	}
312 	return (p->tstamp_type_count);
313 }
314 
315 /*
316  * In Windows, you might have a library built with one version of the
317  * C runtime library and an application built with another version of
318  * the C runtime library, which means that the library might use one
319  * version of malloc() and free() and the application might use another
320  * version of malloc() and free().  If so, that means something
321  * allocated by the library cannot be freed by the application, so we
322  * need to have a pcap_free_tstamp_types() routine to free up the list
323  * allocated by pcap_list_tstamp_types(), even though it's just a wrapper
324  * around free().
325  */
326 void
327 pcap_free_tstamp_types(int *tstamp_type_list)
328 {
329 	free(tstamp_type_list);
330 }
331 
332 /*
333  * Default one-shot callback; overridden for capture types where the
334  * packet data cannot be guaranteed to be available after the callback
335  * returns, so that a copy must be made.
336  */
337 void
338 pcap_oneshot(u_char *user, const struct pcap_pkthdr *h, const u_char *pkt)
339 {
340 	struct oneshot_userdata *sp = (struct oneshot_userdata *)user;
341 
342 	*sp->hdr = *h;
343 	*sp->pkt = pkt;
344 }
345 
346 const u_char *
347 pcap_next(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_pkthdr *h)
348 {
349 	struct oneshot_userdata s;
350 	const u_char *pkt;
351 
352 	s.hdr = h;
353 	s.pkt = &pkt;
354 	s.pd = p;
355 	if (pcap_dispatch(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback, (u_char *)&s) <= 0)
356 		return (0);
357 	return (pkt);
358 }
359 
360 int
361 pcap_next_ex(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_pkthdr **pkt_header,
362     const u_char **pkt_data)
363 {
364 	struct oneshot_userdata s;
365 
366 	s.hdr = &p->pcap_header;
367 	s.pkt = pkt_data;
368 	s.pd = p;
369 
370 	/* Saves a pointer to the packet headers */
371 	*pkt_header= &p->pcap_header;
372 
373 	if (p->rfile != NULL) {
374 		int status;
375 
376 		/* We are on an offline capture */
377 		status = pcap_offline_read(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback,
378 		    (u_char *)&s);
379 
380 		/*
381 		 * Return codes for pcap_offline_read() are:
382 		 *   -  0: EOF
383 		 *   - -1: error
384 		 *   - >1: OK
385 		 * The first one ('0') conflicts with the return code of
386 		 * 0 from pcap_read() meaning "no packets arrived before
387 		 * the timeout expired", so we map it to -2 so you can
388 		 * distinguish between an EOF from a savefile and a
389 		 * "no packets arrived before the timeout expired, try
390 		 * again" from a live capture.
391 		 */
392 		if (status == 0)
393 			return (-2);
394 		else
395 			return (status);
396 	}
397 
398 	/*
399 	 * Return codes for pcap_read() are:
400 	 *   -  0: timeout
401 	 *   - -1: error
402 	 *   - -2: loop was broken out of with pcap_breakloop()
403 	 *   - >1: OK
404 	 * The first one ('0') conflicts with the return code of 0 from
405 	 * pcap_offline_read() meaning "end of file".
406 	*/
407 	return (p->read_op(p, 1, p->oneshot_callback, (u_char *)&s));
408 }
409 
410 /*
411  * Implementation of a pcap_if_list_t.
412  */
413 struct pcap_if_list {
414 	pcap_if_t *beginning;
415 };
416 
417 static struct capture_source_type {
418 	int (*findalldevs_op)(pcap_if_list_t *, char *);
419 	pcap_t *(*create_op)(const char *, char *, int *);
420 } capture_source_types[] = {
421 #ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
422 	{ dag_findalldevs, dag_create },
423 #endif
424 #ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
425 	{ septel_findalldevs, septel_create },
426 #endif
427 #ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
428 	{ snf_findalldevs, snf_create },
429 #endif
430 #ifdef HAVE_TC_API
431 	{ TcFindAllDevs, TcCreate },
432 #endif
433 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
434 	{ bt_findalldevs, bt_create },
435 #endif
436 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT_MONITOR
437 	{ bt_monitor_findalldevs, bt_monitor_create },
438 #endif
439 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_USB
440 	{ usb_findalldevs, usb_create },
441 #endif
442 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETFILTER
443 	{ netfilter_findalldevs, netfilter_create },
444 #endif
445 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
446 	{ pcap_netmap_findalldevs, pcap_netmap_create },
447 #endif
448 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_DBUS
449 	{ dbus_findalldevs, dbus_create },
450 #endif
451 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_RDMASNIFF
452 	{ rdmasniff_findalldevs, rdmasniff_create },
453 #endif
454 	{ NULL, NULL }
455 };
456 
457 /*
458  * Get a list of all capture sources that are up and that we can open.
459  * Returns -1 on error, 0 otherwise.
460  * The list, as returned through "alldevsp", may be null if no interfaces
461  * were up and could be opened.
462  */
463 int
464 pcap_findalldevs(pcap_if_t **alldevsp, char *errbuf)
465 {
466 	size_t i;
467 	pcap_if_list_t devlist;
468 
469 	/*
470 	 * Find all the local network interfaces on which we
471 	 * can capture.
472 	 */
473 	devlist.beginning = NULL;
474 	if (pcap_platform_finddevs(&devlist, errbuf) == -1) {
475 		/*
476 		 * Failed - free all of the entries we were given
477 		 * before we failed.
478 		 */
479 		if (devlist.beginning != NULL)
480 			pcap_freealldevs(devlist.beginning);
481 		*alldevsp = NULL;
482 		return (-1);
483 	}
484 
485 	/*
486 	 * Ask each of the non-local-network-interface capture
487 	 * source types what interfaces they have.
488 	 */
489 	for (i = 0; capture_source_types[i].findalldevs_op != NULL; i++) {
490 		if (capture_source_types[i].findalldevs_op(&devlist, errbuf) == -1) {
491 			/*
492 			 * We had an error; free the list we've been
493 			 * constructing.
494 			 */
495 			if (devlist.beginning != NULL)
496 				pcap_freealldevs(devlist.beginning);
497 			*alldevsp = NULL;
498 			return (-1);
499 		}
500 	}
501 
502 	/*
503 	 * Return the first entry of the list of all devices.
504 	 */
505 	*alldevsp = devlist.beginning;
506 	return (0);
507 }
508 
509 static struct sockaddr *
510 dup_sockaddr(struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sa_length)
511 {
512 	struct sockaddr *newsa;
513 
514 	if ((newsa = malloc(sa_length)) == NULL)
515 		return (NULL);
516 	return (memcpy(newsa, sa, sa_length));
517 }
518 
519 /*
520  * Construct a "figure of merit" for an interface, for use when sorting
521  * the list of interfaces, in which interfaces that are up are superior
522  * to interfaces that aren't up, interfaces that are up and running are
523  * superior to interfaces that are up but not running, and non-loopback
524  * interfaces that are up and running are superior to loopback interfaces,
525  * and interfaces with the same flags have a figure of merit that's higher
526  * the lower the instance number.
527  *
528  * The goal is to try to put the interfaces most likely to be useful for
529  * capture at the beginning of the list.
530  *
531  * The figure of merit, which is lower the "better" the interface is,
532  * has the uppermost bit set if the interface isn't running, the bit
533  * below that set if the interface isn't up, the bit below that set
534  * if the interface is a loopback interface, and the interface index
535  * in the 29 bits below that.  (Yes, we assume u_int is 32 bits.)
536  */
537 static u_int
538 get_figure_of_merit(pcap_if_t *dev)
539 {
540 	const char *cp;
541 	u_int n;
542 
543 	if (strcmp(dev->name, "any") == 0) {
544 		/*
545 		 * Give the "any" device an artificially high instance
546 		 * number, so it shows up after all other non-loopback
547 		 * interfaces.
548 		 */
549 		n = 0x1FFFFFFF;	/* 29 all-1 bits */
550 	} else {
551 		/*
552 		 * A number at the end of the device name string is
553 		 * assumed to be an instance number.  Add 1 to the
554 		 * instance number, and use 0 for "no instance
555 		 * number", so we don't put "no instance number"
556 		 * devices and "instance 0" devices together.
557 		 */
558 		cp = dev->name + strlen(dev->name) - 1;
559 		while (cp-1 >= dev->name && *(cp-1) >= '0' && *(cp-1) <= '9')
560 			cp--;
561 		if (*cp >= '0' && *cp <= '9')
562 			n = atoi(cp) + 1;
563 		else
564 			n = 0;
565 	}
566 	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_RUNNING))
567 		n |= 0x80000000;
568 	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_UP))
569 		n |= 0x40000000;
570 
571 	/*
572 	 * Give non-wireless interfaces that aren't disconnected a better
573 	 * figure of merit than interfaces that are disconnected, as
574 	 * "disconnected" should indicate that the interface isn't
575 	 * plugged into a network and thus won't give you any traffic.
576 	 *
577 	 * For wireless interfaces, it means "associated with a network",
578 	 * which we presume not to necessarily prevent capture, as you
579 	 * might run the adapter in some flavor of monitor mode.
580 	 */
581 	if (!(dev->flags & PCAP_IF_WIRELESS) &&
582 	    (dev->flags & PCAP_IF_CONNECTION_STATUS) == PCAP_IF_CONNECTION_STATUS_DISCONNECTED)
583 		n |= 0x20000000;
584 
585 	/*
586 	 * Sort loopback devices after non-loopback devices, *except* for
587 	 * disconnected devices.
588 	 */
589 	if (dev->flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK)
590 		n |= 0x10000000;
591 
592 	return (n);
593 }
594 
595 #ifndef _WIN32
596 /*
597  * Try to get a description for a given device.
598  * Returns a mallocated description if it could and NULL if it couldn't.
599  *
600  * XXX - on FreeBSDs that support it, should it get the sysctl named
601  * "dev.{adapter family name}.{adapter unit}.%desc" to get a description
602  * of the adapter?  Note that "dev.an.0.%desc" is "Aironet PC4500/PC4800"
603  * with my Cisco 350 card, so the name isn't entirely descriptive.  The
604  * "dev.an.0.%pnpinfo" has a better description, although one might argue
605  * that the problem is really a driver bug - if it can find out that it's
606  * a Cisco 340 or 350, rather than an old Aironet card, it should use
607  * that in the description.
608  *
609  * Do NetBSD, DragonflyBSD, or OpenBSD support this as well?  FreeBSD
610  * and OpenBSD let you get a description, but it's not generated by the OS,
611  * it's set with another ioctl that ifconfig supports; we use that to get
612  * a description in FreeBSD and OpenBSD, but if there is no such
613  * description available, it still might be nice to get some description
614  * string based on the device type or something such as that.
615  *
616  * In macOS, the System Configuration framework can apparently return
617  * names in 10.4 and later.
618  *
619  * It also appears that freedesktop.org's HAL offers an "info.product"
620  * string, but the HAL specification says it "should not be used in any
621  * UI" and "subsystem/capability specific properties" should be used
622  * instead and, in any case, I think HAL is being deprecated in
623  * favor of other stuff such as DeviceKit.  DeviceKit doesn't appear
624  * to have any obvious product information for devices, but maybe
625  * I haven't looked hard enough.
626  *
627  * Using the System Configuration framework, or HAL, or DeviceKit, or
628  * whatever, would require that libpcap applications be linked with
629  * the frameworks/libraries in question.  That shouldn't be a problem
630  * for programs linking with the shared version of libpcap (unless
631  * you're running on AIX - which I think is the only UN*X that doesn't
632  * support linking a shared library with other libraries on which it
633  * depends, and having an executable linked only with the first shared
634  * library automatically pick up the other libraries when started -
635  * and using HAL or whatever).  Programs linked with the static
636  * version of libpcap would have to use pcap-config with the --static
637  * flag in order to get the right linker flags in order to pick up
638  * the additional libraries/frameworks; those programs need that anyway
639  * for libpcap 1.1 and beyond on Linux, as, by default, it requires
640  * -lnl.
641  *
642  * Do any other UN*Xes, or desktop environments support getting a
643  * description?
644  */
645 static char *
646 #ifdef SIOCGIFDESCR
647 get_if_description(const char *name)
648 {
649 	char *description = NULL;
650 	int s;
651 	struct ifreq ifrdesc;
652 #ifndef IFDESCRSIZE
653 	size_t descrlen = 64;
654 #else
655 	size_t descrlen = IFDESCRSIZE;
656 #endif /* IFDESCRSIZE */
657 
658 	/*
659 	 * Get the description for the interface.
660 	 */
661 	memset(&ifrdesc, 0, sizeof ifrdesc);
662 	strlcpy(ifrdesc.ifr_name, name, sizeof ifrdesc.ifr_name);
663 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
664 	if (s >= 0) {
665 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
666 		/*
667 		 * On FreeBSD, if the buffer isn't big enough for the
668 		 * description, the ioctl succeeds, but the description
669 		 * isn't copied, ifr_buffer.length is set to the description
670 		 * length, and ifr_buffer.buffer is set to NULL.
671 		 */
672 		for (;;) {
673 			free(description);
674 			if ((description = malloc(descrlen)) != NULL) {
675 				ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.buffer = description;
676 				ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.length = descrlen;
677 				if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFDESCR, &ifrdesc) == 0) {
678 					if (ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.buffer ==
679 					    description)
680 						break;
681 					else
682 						descrlen = ifrdesc.ifr_buffer.length;
683 				} else {
684 					/*
685 					 * Failed to get interface description.
686 					 */
687 					free(description);
688 					description = NULL;
689 					break;
690 				}
691 			} else
692 				break;
693 		}
694 #else /* __FreeBSD__ */
695 		/*
696 		 * The only other OS that currently supports
697 		 * SIOCGIFDESCR is OpenBSD, and it has no way
698 		 * to get the description length - it's clamped
699 		 * to a maximum of IFDESCRSIZE.
700 		 */
701 		if ((description = malloc(descrlen)) != NULL) {
702 			ifrdesc.ifr_data = (caddr_t)description;
703 			if (ioctl(s, SIOCGIFDESCR, &ifrdesc) != 0) {
704 				/*
705 				 * Failed to get interface description.
706 				 */
707 				free(description);
708 				description = NULL;
709 			}
710 		}
711 #endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
712 		close(s);
713 		if (description != NULL && strlen(description) == 0) {
714 			/*
715 			 * Description is empty, so discard it.
716 			 */
717 			free(description);
718 			description = NULL;
719 		}
720 	}
721 
722 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
723 	/*
724 	 * For FreeBSD, if we didn't get a description, and this is
725 	 * a device with a name of the form usbusN, label it as a USB
726 	 * bus.
727 	 */
728 	if (description == NULL) {
729 		if (strncmp(name, "usbus", 5) == 0) {
730 			/*
731 			 * OK, it begins with "usbus".
732 			 */
733 			long busnum;
734 			char *p;
735 
736 			errno = 0;
737 			busnum = strtol(name + 5, &p, 10);
738 			if (errno == 0 && p != name + 5 && *p == '\0' &&
739 			    busnum >= 0 && busnum <= INT_MAX) {
740 				/*
741 				 * OK, it's a valid number that's not
742 				 * bigger than INT_MAX.  Construct
743 				 * a description from it.
744 				 */
745 				static const char descr_prefix[] = "USB bus number ";
746 				size_t descr_size;
747 
748 				/*
749 				 * Allow enough room for a 32-bit bus number.
750 				 * sizeof (descr_prefix) includes the
751 				 * terminating NUL.
752 				 */
753 				descr_size = sizeof (descr_prefix) + 10;
754 				description = malloc(descr_size);
755 				if (description != NULL) {
756 					pcap_snprintf(description, descr_size,
757 					    "%s%ld", descr_prefix, busnum);
758 				}
759 			}
760 		}
761 	}
762 #endif
763 	return (description);
764 #else /* SIOCGIFDESCR */
765 get_if_description(const char *name _U_)
766 {
767 	return (NULL);
768 #endif /* SIOCGIFDESCR */
769 }
770 
771 /*
772  * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
773  *
774  * If we find it, return a pointer to its entry.
775  *
776  * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
777  * IFF_ flags and description, and, if that succeeds, return a pointer to
778  * the new entry, otherwise return NULL and set errbuf to an error message.
779  */
780 pcap_if_t *
781 find_or_add_if(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name,
782     bpf_u_int32 if_flags, get_if_flags_func get_flags_func, char *errbuf)
783 {
784 	bpf_u_int32 pcap_flags;
785 
786 	/*
787 	 * Convert IFF_ flags to pcap flags.
788 	 */
789 	pcap_flags = 0;
790 #ifdef IFF_LOOPBACK
791 	if (if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)
792 		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK;
793 #else
794 	/*
795 	 * We don't have IFF_LOOPBACK, so look at the device name to
796 	 * see if it looks like a loopback device.
797 	 */
798 	if (name[0] == 'l' && name[1] == 'o' &&
799 	    (isdigit((unsigned char)(name[2])) || name[2] == '\0')
800 		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK;
801 #endif
802 #ifdef IFF_UP
803 	if (if_flags & IFF_UP)
804 		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_UP;
805 #endif
806 #ifdef IFF_RUNNING
807 	if (if_flags & IFF_RUNNING)
808 		pcap_flags |= PCAP_IF_RUNNING;
809 #endif
810 
811 	/*
812 	 * Attempt to find an entry for this device; if we don't find one,
813 	 * attempt to add one.
814 	 */
815 	return (find_or_add_dev(devlistp, name, pcap_flags,
816 	    get_flags_func, get_if_description(name), errbuf));
817 }
818 
819 /*
820  * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
821  *
822  * If we find it, then, if the specified address isn't null, add it to
823  * the list of addresses for the device and return 0.
824  *
825  * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
826  * IFF_ flags and description, and, if that succeeds, add the specified
827  * address to its list of addresses if that address is non-null, and
828  * return 0, otherwise return -1 and set errbuf to an error message.
829  *
830  * (We can get called with a null address because we might get a list
831  * of interface name/address combinations from the underlying OS, with
832  * the address being absent in some cases, rather than a list of
833  * interfaces with each interface having a list of addresses, so this
834  * call may be the only call made to add to the list, and we want to
835  * add interfaces even if they have no addresses.)
836  */
837 int
838 add_addr_to_if(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name,
839     bpf_u_int32 if_flags, get_if_flags_func get_flags_func,
840     struct sockaddr *addr, size_t addr_size,
841     struct sockaddr *netmask, size_t netmask_size,
842     struct sockaddr *broadaddr, size_t broadaddr_size,
843     struct sockaddr *dstaddr, size_t dstaddr_size,
844     char *errbuf)
845 {
846 	pcap_if_t *curdev;
847 
848 	/*
849 	 * Check whether the device exists and, if not, add it.
850 	 */
851 	curdev = find_or_add_if(devlistp, name, if_flags, get_flags_func,
852 	    errbuf);
853 	if (curdev == NULL) {
854 		/*
855 		 * Error - give up.
856 		 */
857 		return (-1);
858 	}
859 
860 	if (addr == NULL) {
861 		/*
862 		 * There's no address to add; this entry just meant
863 		 * "here's a new interface".
864 		 */
865 		return (0);
866 	}
867 
868 	/*
869 	 * "curdev" is an entry for this interface, and we have an
870 	 * address for it; add an entry for that address to the
871 	 * interface's list of addresses.
872 	 */
873 	return (add_addr_to_dev(curdev, addr, addr_size, netmask,
874 	    netmask_size, broadaddr, broadaddr_size, dstaddr,
875 	    dstaddr_size, errbuf));
876 }
877 #endif /* _WIN32 */
878 
879 /*
880  * Add an entry to the list of addresses for an interface.
881  * "curdev" is the entry for that interface.
882  */
883 int
884 add_addr_to_dev(pcap_if_t *curdev,
885     struct sockaddr *addr, size_t addr_size,
886     struct sockaddr *netmask, size_t netmask_size,
887     struct sockaddr *broadaddr, size_t broadaddr_size,
888     struct sockaddr *dstaddr, size_t dstaddr_size,
889     char *errbuf)
890 {
891 	pcap_addr_t *curaddr, *prevaddr, *nextaddr;
892 
893 	/*
894 	 * Allocate the new entry and fill it in.
895 	 */
896 	curaddr = (pcap_addr_t *)malloc(sizeof(pcap_addr_t));
897 	if (curaddr == NULL) {
898 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
899 		    errno, "malloc");
900 		return (-1);
901 	}
902 
903 	curaddr->next = NULL;
904 	if (addr != NULL && addr_size != 0) {
905 		curaddr->addr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(addr, addr_size);
906 		if (curaddr->addr == NULL) {
907 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
908 			    errno, "malloc");
909 			free(curaddr);
910 			return (-1);
911 		}
912 	} else
913 		curaddr->addr = NULL;
914 
915 	if (netmask != NULL && netmask_size != 0) {
916 		curaddr->netmask = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(netmask, netmask_size);
917 		if (curaddr->netmask == NULL) {
918 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
919 			    errno, "malloc");
920 			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
921 				free(curaddr->addr);
922 			free(curaddr);
923 			return (-1);
924 		}
925 	} else
926 		curaddr->netmask = NULL;
927 
928 	if (broadaddr != NULL && broadaddr_size != 0) {
929 		curaddr->broadaddr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(broadaddr, broadaddr_size);
930 		if (curaddr->broadaddr == NULL) {
931 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
932 			    errno, "malloc");
933 			if (curaddr->netmask != NULL)
934 				free(curaddr->netmask);
935 			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
936 				free(curaddr->addr);
937 			free(curaddr);
938 			return (-1);
939 		}
940 	} else
941 		curaddr->broadaddr = NULL;
942 
943 	if (dstaddr != NULL && dstaddr_size != 0) {
944 		curaddr->dstaddr = (struct sockaddr *)dup_sockaddr(dstaddr, dstaddr_size);
945 		if (curaddr->dstaddr == NULL) {
946 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
947 			    errno, "malloc");
948 			if (curaddr->broadaddr != NULL)
949 				free(curaddr->broadaddr);
950 			if (curaddr->netmask != NULL)
951 				free(curaddr->netmask);
952 			if (curaddr->addr != NULL)
953 				free(curaddr->addr);
954 			free(curaddr);
955 			return (-1);
956 		}
957 	} else
958 		curaddr->dstaddr = NULL;
959 
960 	/*
961 	 * Find the end of the list of addresses.
962 	 */
963 	for (prevaddr = curdev->addresses; prevaddr != NULL; prevaddr = nextaddr) {
964 		nextaddr = prevaddr->next;
965 		if (nextaddr == NULL) {
966 			/*
967 			 * This is the end of the list.
968 			 */
969 			break;
970 		}
971 	}
972 
973 	if (prevaddr == NULL) {
974 		/*
975 		 * The list was empty; this is the first member.
976 		 */
977 		curdev->addresses = curaddr;
978 	} else {
979 		/*
980 		 * "prevaddr" is the last member of the list; append
981 		 * this member to it.
982 		 */
983 		prevaddr->next = curaddr;
984 	}
985 
986 	return (0);
987 }
988 
989 /*
990  * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices.
991  *
992  * If we find it, return 0 and set *curdev_ret to point to it.
993  *
994  * If we don't find it, attempt to add an entry for it, with the specified
995  * flags and description, and, if that succeeds, return 0, otherwise
996  * return -1 and set errbuf to an error message.
997  */
998 pcap_if_t *
999 find_or_add_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name, bpf_u_int32 flags,
1000     get_if_flags_func get_flags_func, const char *description, char *errbuf)
1001 {
1002 	pcap_if_t *curdev;
1003 
1004 	/*
1005 	 * Is there already an entry in the list for this device?
1006 	 */
1007 	curdev = find_dev(devlistp, name);
1008 	if (curdev != NULL) {
1009 		/*
1010 		 * Yes, return it.
1011 		 */
1012 		return (curdev);
1013 	}
1014 
1015 	/*
1016 	 * No, we didn't find it.
1017 	 */
1018 
1019 	/*
1020 	 * Try to get additional flags for the device.
1021 	 */
1022 	if ((*get_flags_func)(name, &flags, errbuf) == -1) {
1023 		/*
1024 		 * Failed.
1025 		 */
1026 		return (NULL);
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	/*
1030 	 * Now, try to add it to the list of devices.
1031 	 */
1032 	return (add_dev(devlistp, name, flags, description, errbuf));
1033 }
1034 
1035 /*
1036  * Look for a given device in the specified list of devices, and return
1037  * the entry for it if we find it or NULL if we don't.
1038  */
1039 pcap_if_t *
1040 find_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name)
1041 {
1042 	pcap_if_t *curdev;
1043 
1044 	/*
1045 	 * Is there an entry in the list for this device?
1046 	 */
1047 	for (curdev = devlistp->beginning; curdev != NULL;
1048 	    curdev = curdev->next) {
1049 		if (strcmp(name, curdev->name) == 0) {
1050 			/*
1051 			 * We found it, so, yes, there is.  No need to
1052 			 * add it.  Provide the entry we found to our
1053 			 * caller.
1054 			 */
1055 			return (curdev);
1056 		}
1057 	}
1058 
1059 	/*
1060 	 * No.
1061 	 */
1062 	return (NULL);
1063 }
1064 
1065 /*
1066  * Attempt to add an entry for a device, with the specified flags
1067  * and description, and, if that succeeds, return 0 and return a pointer
1068  * to the new entry, otherwise return NULL and set errbuf to an error
1069  * message.
1070  *
1071  * If we weren't given a description, try to get one.
1072  */
1073 pcap_if_t *
1074 add_dev(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, const char *name, bpf_u_int32 flags,
1075     const char *description, char *errbuf)
1076 {
1077 	pcap_if_t *curdev, *prevdev, *nextdev;
1078 	u_int this_figure_of_merit, nextdev_figure_of_merit;
1079 
1080 	curdev = malloc(sizeof(pcap_if_t));
1081 	if (curdev == NULL) {
1082 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1083 		    errno, "malloc");
1084 		return (NULL);
1085 	}
1086 
1087 	/*
1088 	 * Fill in the entry.
1089 	 */
1090 	curdev->next = NULL;
1091 	curdev->name = strdup(name);
1092 	if (curdev->name == NULL) {
1093 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1094 		    errno, "malloc");
1095 		free(curdev);
1096 		return (NULL);
1097 	}
1098 	if (description == NULL) {
1099 		/*
1100 		 * We weren't handed a description for the interface.
1101 		 */
1102 		curdev->description = NULL;
1103 	} else {
1104 		/*
1105 		 * We were handed a description; make a copy.
1106 		 */
1107 		curdev->description = strdup(description);
1108 		if (curdev->description == NULL) {
1109 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1110 			    errno, "malloc");
1111 			free(curdev->name);
1112 			free(curdev);
1113 			return (NULL);
1114 		}
1115 	}
1116 	curdev->addresses = NULL;	/* list starts out as empty */
1117 	curdev->flags = flags;
1118 
1119 	/*
1120 	 * Add it to the list, in the appropriate location.
1121 	 * First, get the "figure of merit" for this interface.
1122 	 */
1123 	this_figure_of_merit = get_figure_of_merit(curdev);
1124 
1125 	/*
1126 	 * Now look for the last interface with an figure of merit
1127 	 * less than or equal to the new interface's figure of merit.
1128 	 *
1129 	 * We start with "prevdev" being NULL, meaning we're before
1130 	 * the first element in the list.
1131 	 */
1132 	prevdev = NULL;
1133 	for (;;) {
1134 		/*
1135 		 * Get the interface after this one.
1136 		 */
1137 		if (prevdev == NULL) {
1138 			/*
1139 			 * The next element is the first element.
1140 			 */
1141 			nextdev = devlistp->beginning;
1142 		} else
1143 			nextdev = prevdev->next;
1144 
1145 		/*
1146 		 * Are we at the end of the list?
1147 		 */
1148 		if (nextdev == NULL) {
1149 			/*
1150 			 * Yes - we have to put the new entry after "prevdev".
1151 			 */
1152 			break;
1153 		}
1154 
1155 		/*
1156 		 * Is the new interface's figure of merit less
1157 		 * than the next interface's figure of merit,
1158 		 * meaning that the new interface is better
1159 		 * than the next interface?
1160 		 */
1161 		nextdev_figure_of_merit = get_figure_of_merit(nextdev);
1162 		if (this_figure_of_merit < nextdev_figure_of_merit) {
1163 			/*
1164 			 * Yes - we should put the new entry
1165 			 * before "nextdev", i.e. after "prevdev".
1166 			 */
1167 			break;
1168 		}
1169 
1170 		prevdev = nextdev;
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	/*
1174 	 * Insert before "nextdev".
1175 	 */
1176 	curdev->next = nextdev;
1177 
1178 	/*
1179 	 * Insert after "prevdev" - unless "prevdev" is null,
1180 	 * in which case this is the first interface.
1181 	 */
1182 	if (prevdev == NULL) {
1183 		/*
1184 		 * This is the first interface.  Make it
1185 		 * the first element in the list of devices.
1186 		 */
1187 		devlistp->beginning = curdev;
1188 	} else
1189 		prevdev->next = curdev;
1190 	return (curdev);
1191 }
1192 
1193 /*
1194  * Free a list of interfaces.
1195  */
1196 void
1197 pcap_freealldevs(pcap_if_t *alldevs)
1198 {
1199 	pcap_if_t *curdev, *nextdev;
1200 	pcap_addr_t *curaddr, *nextaddr;
1201 
1202 	for (curdev = alldevs; curdev != NULL; curdev = nextdev) {
1203 		nextdev = curdev->next;
1204 
1205 		/*
1206 		 * Free all addresses.
1207 		 */
1208 		for (curaddr = curdev->addresses; curaddr != NULL; curaddr = nextaddr) {
1209 			nextaddr = curaddr->next;
1210 			if (curaddr->addr)
1211 				free(curaddr->addr);
1212 			if (curaddr->netmask)
1213 				free(curaddr->netmask);
1214 			if (curaddr->broadaddr)
1215 				free(curaddr->broadaddr);
1216 			if (curaddr->dstaddr)
1217 				free(curaddr->dstaddr);
1218 			free(curaddr);
1219 		}
1220 
1221 		/*
1222 		 * Free the name string.
1223 		 */
1224 		free(curdev->name);
1225 
1226 		/*
1227 		 * Free the description string, if any.
1228 		 */
1229 		if (curdev->description != NULL)
1230 			free(curdev->description);
1231 
1232 		/*
1233 		 * Free the interface.
1234 		 */
1235 		free(curdev);
1236 	}
1237 }
1238 
1239 /*
1240  * pcap-npf.c has its own pcap_lookupdev(), for compatibility reasons, as
1241  * it actually returns the names of all interfaces, with a NUL separator
1242  * between them; some callers may depend on that.
1243  *
1244  * MS-DOS has its own pcap_lookupdev(), but that might be useful only
1245  * as an optimization.
1246  *
1247  * In all other cases, we just use pcap_findalldevs() to get a list of
1248  * devices, and pick from that list.
1249  */
1250 #if !defined(HAVE_PACKET32) && !defined(MSDOS)
1251 /*
1252  * Return the name of a network interface attached to the system, or NULL
1253  * if none can be found.  The interface must be configured up; the
1254  * lowest unit number is preferred; loopback is ignored.
1255  */
1256 char *
1257 pcap_lookupdev(char *errbuf)
1258 {
1259 	pcap_if_t *alldevs;
1260 #ifdef _WIN32
1261   /*
1262    * Windows - use the same size as the old WinPcap 3.1 code.
1263    * XXX - this is probably bigger than it needs to be.
1264    */
1265   #define IF_NAMESIZE 8192
1266 #else
1267   /*
1268    * UN*X - use the system's interface name size.
1269    * XXX - that might not be large enough for capture devices
1270    * that aren't regular network interfaces.
1271    */
1272   /* for old BSD systems, including bsdi3 */
1273   #ifndef IF_NAMESIZE
1274   #define IF_NAMESIZE IFNAMSIZ
1275   #endif
1276 #endif
1277 	static char device[IF_NAMESIZE + 1];
1278 	char *ret;
1279 
1280 	if (pcap_findalldevs(&alldevs, errbuf) == -1)
1281 		return (NULL);
1282 
1283 	if (alldevs == NULL || (alldevs->flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK)) {
1284 		/*
1285 		 * There are no devices on the list, or the first device
1286 		 * on the list is a loopback device, which means there
1287 		 * are no non-loopback devices on the list.  This means
1288 		 * we can't return any device.
1289 		 *
1290 		 * XXX - why not return a loopback device?  If we can't
1291 		 * capture on it, it won't be on the list, and if it's
1292 		 * on the list, there aren't any non-loopback devices,
1293 		 * so why not just supply it as the default device?
1294 		 */
1295 		(void)strlcpy(errbuf, "no suitable device found",
1296 		    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
1297 		ret = NULL;
1298 	} else {
1299 		/*
1300 		 * Return the name of the first device on the list.
1301 		 */
1302 		(void)strlcpy(device, alldevs->name, sizeof(device));
1303 		ret = device;
1304 	}
1305 
1306 	pcap_freealldevs(alldevs);
1307 	return (ret);
1308 }
1309 #endif /* !defined(HAVE_PACKET32) && !defined(MSDOS) */
1310 
1311 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
1312 /*
1313  * We don't just fetch the entire list of devices, search for the
1314  * particular device, and use its first IPv4 address, as that's too
1315  * much work to get just one device's netmask.
1316  *
1317  * If we had an API to get attributes for a given device, we could
1318  * use that.
1319  */
1320 int
1321 pcap_lookupnet(const char *device, bpf_u_int32 *netp, bpf_u_int32 *maskp,
1322     char *errbuf)
1323 {
1324 	register int fd;
1325 	register struct sockaddr_in *sin4;
1326 	struct ifreq ifr;
1327 
1328 	/*
1329 	 * The pseudo-device "any" listens on all interfaces and therefore
1330 	 * has the network address and -mask "0.0.0.0" therefore catching
1331 	 * all traffic. Using NULL for the interface is the same as "any".
1332 	 */
1333 	if (!device || strcmp(device, "any") == 0
1334 #ifdef HAVE_DAG_API
1335 	    || strstr(device, "dag") != NULL
1336 #endif
1337 #ifdef HAVE_SEPTEL_API
1338 	    || strstr(device, "septel") != NULL
1339 #endif
1340 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_BT
1341 	    || strstr(device, "bluetooth") != NULL
1342 #endif
1343 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_USB
1344 	    || strstr(device, "usbmon") != NULL
1345 #endif
1346 #ifdef HAVE_SNF_API
1347 	    || strstr(device, "snf") != NULL
1348 #endif
1349 #ifdef PCAP_SUPPORT_NETMAP
1350 	    || strncmp(device, "netmap:", 7) == 0
1351 	    || strncmp(device, "vale", 4) == 0
1352 #endif
1353 	    ) {
1354 		*netp = *maskp = 0;
1355 		return 0;
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
1359 	if (fd < 0) {
1360 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1361 		    errno, "socket");
1362 		return (-1);
1363 	}
1364 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
1365 #ifdef linux
1366 	/* XXX Work around Linux kernel bug */
1367 	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
1368 #endif
1369 	(void)strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1370 	if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, (char *)&ifr) < 0) {
1371 		if (errno == EADDRNOTAVAIL) {
1372 			(void)pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1373 			    "%s: no IPv4 address assigned", device);
1374 		} else {
1375 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1376 			    errno, "SIOCGIFADDR: %s", device);
1377 		}
1378 		(void)close(fd);
1379 		return (-1);
1380 	}
1381 	sin4 = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr.ifr_addr;
1382 	*netp = sin4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1383 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
1384 #ifdef linux
1385 	/* XXX Work around Linux kernel bug */
1386 	ifr.ifr_addr.sa_family = AF_INET;
1387 #endif
1388 	(void)strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
1389 	if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFNETMASK, (char *)&ifr) < 0) {
1390 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1391 		    errno, "SIOCGIFNETMASK: %s", device);
1392 		(void)close(fd);
1393 		return (-1);
1394 	}
1395 	(void)close(fd);
1396 	*maskp = sin4->sin_addr.s_addr;
1397 	if (*maskp == 0) {
1398 		if (IN_CLASSA(*netp))
1399 			*maskp = IN_CLASSA_NET;
1400 		else if (IN_CLASSB(*netp))
1401 			*maskp = IN_CLASSB_NET;
1402 		else if (IN_CLASSC(*netp))
1403 			*maskp = IN_CLASSC_NET;
1404 		else {
1405 			(void)pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1406 			    "inet class for 0x%x unknown", *netp);
1407 			return (-1);
1408 		}
1409 	}
1410 	*netp &= *maskp;
1411 	return (0);
1412 }
1413 #endif /* !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS) */
1414 
1415 #ifdef ENABLE_REMOTE
1416 #include "pcap-rpcap.h"
1417 
1418 /*
1419  * Extract a substring from a string.
1420  */
1421 static char *
1422 get_substring(const char *p, size_t len, char *ebuf)
1423 {
1424 	char *token;
1425 
1426 	token = malloc(len + 1);
1427 	if (token == NULL) {
1428 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1429 		    errno, "malloc");
1430 		return (NULL);
1431 	}
1432 	memcpy(token, p, len);
1433 	token[len] = '\0';
1434 	return (token);
1435 }
1436 
1437 /*
1438  * Parse a capture source that might be a URL.
1439  *
1440  * If the source is not a URL, *schemep, *userinfop, *hostp, and *portp
1441  * are set to NULL, *pathp is set to point to the source, and 0 is
1442  * returned.
1443  *
1444  * If source is a URL, and the URL refers to a local device (a special
1445  * case of rpcap:), *schemep, *userinfop, *hostp, and *portp are set
1446  * to NULL, *pathp is set to point to the device name, and 0 is returned.
1447  *
1448  * If source is a URL, and it's not a special case that refers to a local
1449  * device, and the parse succeeds:
1450  *
1451  *    *schemep is set to point to an allocated string containing the scheme;
1452  *
1453  *    if user information is present in the URL, *userinfop is set to point
1454  *    to an allocated string containing the user information, otherwise
1455  *    it's set to NULL;
1456  *
1457  *    if host information is present in the URL, *hostp is set to point
1458  *    to an allocated string containing the host information, otherwise
1459  *    it's set to NULL;
1460  *
1461  *    if a port number is present in the URL, *portp is set to point
1462  *    to an allocated string containing the port number, otherwise
1463  *    it's set to NULL;
1464  *
1465  *    *pathp is set to point to an allocated string containing the
1466  *    path;
1467  *
1468  * and 0 is returned.
1469  *
1470  * If the parse fails, ebuf is set to an error string, and -1 is returned.
1471  */
1472 static int
1473 pcap_parse_source(const char *source, char **schemep, char **userinfop,
1474     char **hostp, char **portp, char **pathp, char *ebuf)
1475 {
1476 	char *colonp;
1477 	size_t scheme_len;
1478 	char *scheme;
1479 	const char *endp;
1480 	size_t authority_len;
1481 	char *authority;
1482 	char *parsep, *atsignp, *bracketp;
1483 	char *userinfo, *host, *port, *path;
1484 
1485 	/*
1486 	 * Start out returning nothing.
1487 	 */
1488 	*schemep = NULL;
1489 	*userinfop = NULL;
1490 	*hostp = NULL;
1491 	*portp = NULL;
1492 	*pathp = NULL;
1493 
1494 	/*
1495 	 * RFC 3986 says:
1496 	 *
1497 	 *   URI         = scheme ":" hier-part [ "?" query ] [ "#" fragment ]
1498 	 *
1499 	 *   hier-part   = "//" authority path-abempty
1500 	 *               / path-absolute
1501 	 *               / path-rootless
1502 	 *               / path-empty
1503 	 *
1504 	 *   authority   = [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]
1505 	 *
1506 	 *   userinfo    = *( unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" )
1507          *
1508          * Step 1: look for the ":" at the end of the scheme.
1509 	 * A colon in the source is *NOT* sufficient to indicate that
1510 	 * this is a URL, as interface names on some platforms might
1511 	 * include colons (e.g., I think some Solaris interfaces
1512 	 * might).
1513 	 */
1514 	colonp = strchr(source, ':');
1515 	if (colonp == NULL) {
1516 		/*
1517 		 * The source is the device to open.
1518 		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1519 		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1520 		 */
1521 		*pathp = strdup(source);
1522 		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1523 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1524 			    errno, "malloc");
1525 			return (-1);
1526 		}
1527 		return (0);
1528 	}
1529 
1530 	/*
1531 	 * All schemes must have "//" after them, i.e. we only support
1532 	 * hier-part   = "//" authority path-abempty, not
1533 	 * hier-part   = path-absolute
1534 	 * hier-part   = path-rootless
1535 	 * hier-part   = path-empty
1536 	 *
1537 	 * We need that in order to distinguish between a local device
1538 	 * name that happens to contain a colon and a URI.
1539 	 */
1540 	if (strncmp(colonp + 1, "//", 2) != 0) {
1541 		/*
1542 		 * The source is the device to open.
1543 		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1544 		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1545 		 */
1546 		*pathp = strdup(source);
1547 		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1548 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1549 			    errno, "malloc");
1550 			return (-1);
1551 		}
1552 		return (0);
1553 	}
1554 
1555 	/*
1556 	 * XXX - check whether the purported scheme could be a scheme?
1557 	 */
1558 
1559 	/*
1560 	 * OK, this looks like a URL.
1561 	 * Get the scheme.
1562 	 */
1563 	scheme_len = colonp - source;
1564 	scheme = malloc(scheme_len + 1);
1565 	if (scheme == NULL) {
1566 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1567 		    errno, "malloc");
1568 		return (-1);
1569 	}
1570 	memcpy(scheme, source, scheme_len);
1571 	scheme[scheme_len] = '\0';
1572 
1573 	/*
1574 	 * Treat file: specially - take everything after file:// as
1575 	 * the pathname.
1576 	 */
1577 	if (pcap_strcasecmp(scheme, "file") == 0) {
1578 		*schemep = scheme;
1579 		*pathp = strdup(colonp + 3);
1580 		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1581 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1582 			    errno, "malloc");
1583 			return (-1);
1584 		}
1585 		return (0);
1586 	}
1587 
1588 	/*
1589 	 * The WinPcap documentation says you can specify a local
1590 	 * interface with "rpcap://{device}"; we special-case
1591 	 * that here.  If the scheme is "rpcap", and there are
1592 	 * no slashes past the "//", we just return the device.
1593 	 *
1594 	 * XXX - %-escaping?
1595 	 */
1596 	if (pcap_strcasecmp(scheme, "rpcap") == 0 &&
1597 	    strchr(colonp + 3, '/') == NULL) {
1598 		/*
1599 		 * Local device.
1600 		 *
1601 		 * Return a NULL pointer for the scheme, user information,
1602 		 * host, and port, and return the device as the path.
1603 		 */
1604 		free(scheme);
1605 		*pathp = strdup(colonp + 3);
1606 		if (*pathp == NULL) {
1607 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1608 			    errno, "malloc");
1609 			return (-1);
1610 		}
1611 		return (0);
1612 	}
1613 
1614 	/*
1615 	 * OK, now start parsing the authority.
1616 	 * Get token, terminated with / or terminated at the end of
1617 	 * the string.
1618 	 */
1619 	authority_len = strcspn(colonp + 3, "/");
1620 	authority = get_substring(colonp + 3, authority_len, ebuf);
1621 	if (authority == NULL) {
1622 		/*
1623 		 * Error.
1624 		 */
1625 		free(scheme);
1626 		return (-1);
1627 	}
1628 	endp = colonp + 3 + authority_len;
1629 
1630 	/*
1631 	 * Now carve the authority field into its components.
1632 	 */
1633 	parsep = authority;
1634 
1635 	/*
1636 	 * Is there a userinfo field?
1637 	 */
1638 	atsignp = strchr(parsep, '@');
1639 	if (atsignp != NULL) {
1640 		/*
1641 		 * Yes.
1642 		 */
1643 		size_t userinfo_len;
1644 
1645 		userinfo_len = atsignp - parsep;
1646 		userinfo = get_substring(parsep, userinfo_len, ebuf);
1647 		if (userinfo == NULL) {
1648 			/*
1649 			 * Error.
1650 			 */
1651 			free(authority);
1652 			free(scheme);
1653 			return (-1);
1654 		}
1655 		parsep = atsignp + 1;
1656 	} else {
1657 		/*
1658 		 * No.
1659 		 */
1660 		userinfo = NULL;
1661 	}
1662 
1663 	/*
1664 	 * Is there a host field?
1665 	 */
1666 	if (*parsep == '\0') {
1667 		/*
1668 		 * No; there's no host field or port field.
1669 		 */
1670 		host = NULL;
1671 		port = NULL;
1672 	} else {
1673 		/*
1674 		 * Yes.
1675 		 */
1676 		size_t host_len;
1677 
1678 		/*
1679 		 * Is it an IP-literal?
1680 		 */
1681 		if (*parsep == '[') {
1682 			/*
1683 			 * Yes.
1684 			 * Treat verything up to the closing square
1685 			 * bracket as the IP-Literal; we don't worry
1686 			 * about whether it's a valid IPv6address or
1687 			 * IPvFuture.
1688 			 */
1689 			bracketp = strchr(parsep, ']');
1690 			if (bracketp == NULL) {
1691 				/*
1692 				 * There's no closing square bracket.
1693 				 */
1694 				pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1695 				    "IP-literal in URL doesn't end with ]");
1696 				free(userinfo);
1697 				free(authority);
1698 				free(scheme);
1699 				return (-1);
1700 			}
1701 			if (*(bracketp + 1) != '\0' &&
1702 			    *(bracketp + 1) != ':') {
1703 				/*
1704 				 * There's extra crud after the
1705 				 * closing square bracketn.
1706 				 */
1707 				pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1708 				    "Extra text after IP-literal in URL");
1709 				free(userinfo);
1710 				free(authority);
1711 				free(scheme);
1712 				return (-1);
1713 			}
1714 			host_len = (bracketp - 1) - parsep;
1715 			host = get_substring(parsep + 1, host_len, ebuf);
1716 			if (host == NULL) {
1717 				/*
1718 				 * Error.
1719 				 */
1720 				free(userinfo);
1721 				free(authority);
1722 				free(scheme);
1723 				return (-1);
1724 			}
1725 			parsep = bracketp + 1;
1726 		} else {
1727 			/*
1728 			 * No.
1729 			 * Treat everything up to a : or the end of
1730 			 * the string as the host.
1731 			 */
1732 			host_len = strcspn(parsep, ":");
1733 			host = get_substring(parsep, host_len, ebuf);
1734 			if (host == NULL) {
1735 				/*
1736 				 * Error.
1737 				 */
1738 				free(userinfo);
1739 				free(authority);
1740 				free(scheme);
1741 				return (-1);
1742 			}
1743 			parsep = parsep + host_len;
1744 		}
1745 
1746 		/*
1747 		 * Is there a port field?
1748 		 */
1749 		if (*parsep == ':') {
1750 			/*
1751 			 * Yes.  It's the rest of the authority field.
1752 			 */
1753 			size_t port_len;
1754 
1755 			parsep++;
1756 			port_len = strlen(parsep);
1757 			port = get_substring(parsep, port_len, ebuf);
1758 			if (port == NULL) {
1759 				/*
1760 				 * Error.
1761 				 */
1762 				free(host);
1763 				free(userinfo);
1764 				free(authority);
1765 				free(scheme);
1766 				return (-1);
1767 			}
1768 		} else {
1769 			/*
1770 			 * No.
1771 			 */
1772 			port = NULL;
1773 		}
1774 	}
1775 	free(authority);
1776 
1777 	/*
1778 	 * Everything else is the path.  Strip off the leading /.
1779 	 */
1780 	if (*endp == '\0')
1781 		path = strdup("");
1782 	else
1783 		path = strdup(endp + 1);
1784 	if (path == NULL) {
1785 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1786 		    errno, "malloc");
1787 		free(port);
1788 		free(host);
1789 		free(userinfo);
1790 		free(scheme);
1791 		return (-1);
1792 	}
1793 	*schemep = scheme;
1794 	*userinfop = userinfo;
1795 	*hostp = host;
1796 	*portp = port;
1797 	*pathp = path;
1798 	return (0);
1799 }
1800 
1801 int
1802 pcap_createsrcstr(char *source, int type, const char *host, const char *port,
1803     const char *name, char *errbuf)
1804 {
1805 	switch (type) {
1806 
1807 	case PCAP_SRC_FILE:
1808 		strlcpy(source, PCAP_SRC_FILE_STRING, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1809 		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0') {
1810 			strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1811 			return (0);
1812 		} else {
1813 			pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1814 			    "The file name cannot be NULL.");
1815 			return (-1);
1816 		}
1817 
1818 	case PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE:
1819 		strlcpy(source, PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1820 		if (host != NULL && *host != '\0') {
1821 			if (strchr(host, ':') != NULL) {
1822 				/*
1823 				 * The host name contains a colon, so it's
1824 				 * probably an IPv6 address, and needs to
1825 				 * be included in square brackets.
1826 				 */
1827 				strlcat(source, "[", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1828 				strlcat(source, host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1829 				strlcat(source, "]", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1830 			} else
1831 				strlcat(source, host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1832 
1833 			if (port != NULL && *port != '\0') {
1834 				strlcat(source, ":", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1835 				strlcat(source, port, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1836 			}
1837 
1838 			strlcat(source, "/", PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1839 		} else {
1840 			pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1841 			    "The host name cannot be NULL.");
1842 			return (-1);
1843 		}
1844 
1845 		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0')
1846 			strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1847 
1848 		return (0);
1849 
1850 	case PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL:
1851 		strlcpy(source, PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1852 
1853 		if (name != NULL && *name != '\0')
1854 			strlcat(source, name, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1855 
1856 		return (0);
1857 
1858 	default:
1859 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1860 		    "The interface type is not valid.");
1861 		return (-1);
1862 	}
1863 }
1864 
1865 int
1866 pcap_parsesrcstr(const char *source, int *type, char *host, char *port,
1867     char *name, char *errbuf)
1868 {
1869 	char *scheme, *tmpuserinfo, *tmphost, *tmpport, *tmppath;
1870 
1871 	/* Initialization stuff */
1872 	if (host)
1873 		*host = '\0';
1874 	if (port)
1875 		*port = '\0';
1876 	if (name)
1877 		*name = '\0';
1878 
1879 	/* Parse the source string */
1880 	if (pcap_parse_source(source, &scheme, &tmpuserinfo, &tmphost,
1881 	    &tmpport, &tmppath, errbuf) == -1) {
1882 		/*
1883 		 * Fail.
1884 		 */
1885 		return (-1);
1886 	}
1887 
1888 	if (scheme == NULL) {
1889 		/*
1890 		 * Local device.
1891 		 */
1892 		if (name && tmppath)
1893 			strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1894 		if (type)
1895 			*type = PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL;
1896 		free(tmppath);
1897 		free(tmpport);
1898 		free(tmphost);
1899 		free(tmpuserinfo);
1900 		return (0);
1901 	}
1902 
1903 	if (strcmp(scheme, "rpcap") == 0) {
1904 		/*
1905 		 * rpcap://
1906 		 *
1907 		 * pcap_parse_source() has already handled the case of
1908 		 * rpcap://device
1909 		 */
1910 		if (host && tmphost) {
1911 			if (tmpuserinfo)
1912 				pcap_snprintf(host, PCAP_BUF_SIZE, "%s@%s",
1913 				    tmpuserinfo, tmphost);
1914 			else
1915 				strlcpy(host, tmphost, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1916 		}
1917 		if (port && tmpport)
1918 			strlcpy(port, tmpport, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1919 		if (name && tmppath)
1920 			strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1921 		if (type)
1922 			*type = PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE;
1923 		free(tmppath);
1924 		free(tmpport);
1925 		free(tmphost);
1926 		free(tmpuserinfo);
1927 		free(scheme);
1928 		return (0);
1929 	}
1930 
1931 	if (strcmp(scheme, "file") == 0) {
1932 		/*
1933 		 * file://
1934 		 */
1935 		if (name && tmppath)
1936 			strlcpy(name, tmppath, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1937 		if (type)
1938 			*type = PCAP_SRC_FILE;
1939 		free(tmppath);
1940 		free(tmpport);
1941 		free(tmphost);
1942 		free(tmpuserinfo);
1943 		free(scheme);
1944 		return (0);
1945 	}
1946 
1947 	/*
1948 	 * Neither rpcap: nor file:; just treat the entire string
1949 	 * as a local device.
1950 	 */
1951 	if (name)
1952 		strlcpy(name, source, PCAP_BUF_SIZE);
1953 	if (type)
1954 		*type = PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL;
1955 	free(tmppath);
1956 	free(tmpport);
1957 	free(tmphost);
1958 	free(tmpuserinfo);
1959 	free(scheme);
1960 	return (0);
1961 }
1962 #endif
1963 
1964 pcap_t *
1965 pcap_create(const char *device, char *errbuf)
1966 {
1967 	size_t i;
1968 	int is_theirs;
1969 	pcap_t *p;
1970 	char *device_str;
1971 
1972 	/*
1973 	 * A null device name is equivalent to the "any" device -
1974 	 * which might not be supported on this platform, but
1975 	 * this means that you'll get a "not supported" error
1976 	 * rather than, say, a crash when we try to dereference
1977 	 * the null pointer.
1978 	 */
1979 	if (device == NULL)
1980 		device_str = strdup("any");
1981 	else {
1982 #ifdef _WIN32
1983 		/*
1984 		 * If the string appears to be little-endian UCS-2/UTF-16,
1985 		 * convert it to ASCII.
1986 		 *
1987 		 * XXX - to UTF-8 instead?  Or report an error if any
1988 		 * character isn't ASCII?
1989 		 */
1990 		if (device[0] != '\0' && device[1] == '\0') {
1991 			size_t length;
1992 
1993 			length = wcslen((wchar_t *)device);
1994 			device_str = (char *)malloc(length + 1);
1995 			if (device_str == NULL) {
1996 				pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf,
1997 				    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, errno,
1998 				    "malloc");
1999 				return (NULL);
2000 			}
2001 
2002 			pcap_snprintf(device_str, length + 1, "%ws",
2003 			    (const wchar_t *)device);
2004 		} else
2005 #endif
2006 			device_str = strdup(device);
2007 	}
2008 	if (device_str == NULL) {
2009 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2010 		    errno, "malloc");
2011 		return (NULL);
2012 	}
2013 
2014 	/*
2015 	 * Try each of the non-local-network-interface capture
2016 	 * source types until we find one that works for this
2017 	 * device or run out of types.
2018 	 */
2019 	for (i = 0; capture_source_types[i].create_op != NULL; i++) {
2020 		is_theirs = 0;
2021 		p = capture_source_types[i].create_op(device_str, errbuf,
2022 		    &is_theirs);
2023 		if (is_theirs) {
2024 			/*
2025 			 * The device name refers to a device of the
2026 			 * type in question; either it succeeded,
2027 			 * in which case p refers to a pcap_t to
2028 			 * later activate for the device, or it
2029 			 * failed, in which case p is null and we
2030 			 * should return that to report the failure
2031 			 * to create.
2032 			 */
2033 			if (p == NULL) {
2034 				/*
2035 				 * We assume the caller filled in errbuf.
2036 				 */
2037 				free(device_str);
2038 				return (NULL);
2039 			}
2040 			p->opt.device = device_str;
2041 			return (p);
2042 		}
2043 	}
2044 
2045 	/*
2046 	 * OK, try it as a regular network interface.
2047 	 */
2048 	p = pcap_create_interface(device_str, errbuf);
2049 	if (p == NULL) {
2050 		/*
2051 		 * We assume the caller filled in errbuf.
2052 		 */
2053 		free(device_str);
2054 		return (NULL);
2055 	}
2056 	p->opt.device = device_str;
2057 	return (p);
2058 }
2059 
2060 /*
2061  * Set nonblocking mode on an unactivated pcap_t; this sets a flag
2062  * checked by pcap_activate(), which sets the mode after calling
2063  * the activate routine.
2064  */
2065 static int
2066 pcap_setnonblock_unactivated(pcap_t *p, int nonblock)
2067 {
2068 	p->opt.nonblock = nonblock;
2069 	return (0);
2070 }
2071 
2072 static void
2073 initialize_ops(pcap_t *p)
2074 {
2075 	/*
2076 	 * Set operation pointers for operations that only work on
2077 	 * an activated pcap_t to point to a routine that returns
2078 	 * a "this isn't activated" error.
2079 	 */
2080 	p->read_op = (read_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2081 	p->inject_op = (inject_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2082 	p->setfilter_op = (setfilter_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2083 	p->setdirection_op = (setdirection_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2084 	p->set_datalink_op = (set_datalink_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2085 	p->getnonblock_op = (getnonblock_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2086 	p->stats_op = (stats_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2087 #ifdef _WIN32
2088 	p->stats_ex_op = (stats_ex_op_t)pcap_not_initialized_ptr;
2089 	p->setbuff_op = (setbuff_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2090 	p->setmode_op = (setmode_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2091 	p->setmintocopy_op = (setmintocopy_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2092 	p->getevent_op = pcap_getevent_not_initialized;
2093 	p->oid_get_request_op = (oid_get_request_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2094 	p->oid_set_request_op = (oid_set_request_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2095 	p->sendqueue_transmit_op = pcap_sendqueue_transmit_not_initialized;
2096 	p->setuserbuffer_op = (setuserbuffer_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2097 	p->live_dump_op = (live_dump_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2098 	p->live_dump_ended_op = (live_dump_ended_op_t)pcap_not_initialized;
2099 	p->get_airpcap_handle_op = pcap_get_airpcap_handle_not_initialized;
2100 #endif
2101 
2102 	/*
2103 	 * Default cleanup operation - implementations can override
2104 	 * this, but should call pcap_cleanup_live_common() after
2105 	 * doing their own additional cleanup.
2106 	 */
2107 	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_live_common;
2108 
2109 	/*
2110 	 * In most cases, the standard one-shot callback can
2111 	 * be used for pcap_next()/pcap_next_ex().
2112 	 */
2113 	p->oneshot_callback = pcap_oneshot;
2114 }
2115 
2116 static pcap_t *
2117 pcap_alloc_pcap_t(char *ebuf, size_t size)
2118 {
2119 	char *chunk;
2120 	pcap_t *p;
2121 
2122 	/*
2123 	 * Allocate a chunk of memory big enough for a pcap_t
2124 	 * plus a structure following it of size "size".  The
2125 	 * structure following it is a private data structure
2126 	 * for the routines that handle this pcap_t.
2127 	 */
2128 	chunk = malloc(sizeof (pcap_t) + size);
2129 	if (chunk == NULL) {
2130 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
2131 		    errno, "malloc");
2132 		return (NULL);
2133 	}
2134 	memset(chunk, 0, sizeof (pcap_t) + size);
2135 
2136 	/*
2137 	 * Get a pointer to the pcap_t at the beginning.
2138 	 */
2139 	p = (pcap_t *)chunk;
2140 
2141 #ifdef _WIN32
2142 	p->handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;	/* not opened yet */
2143 #else /* _WIN32 */
2144 	p->fd = -1;	/* not opened yet */
2145 #ifndef MSDOS
2146 	p->selectable_fd = -1;
2147 	p->required_select_timeout = NULL;
2148 #endif /* MSDOS */
2149 #endif /* _WIN32 */
2150 
2151 	if (size == 0) {
2152 		/* No private data was requested. */
2153 		p->priv = NULL;
2154 	} else {
2155 		/*
2156 		 * Set the pointer to the private data; that's the structure
2157 		 * of size "size" following the pcap_t.
2158 		 */
2159 		p->priv = (void *)(chunk + sizeof (pcap_t));
2160 	}
2161 
2162 	return (p);
2163 }
2164 
2165 pcap_t *
2166 pcap_create_common(char *ebuf, size_t size)
2167 {
2168 	pcap_t *p;
2169 
2170 	p = pcap_alloc_pcap_t(ebuf, size);
2171 	if (p == NULL)
2172 		return (NULL);
2173 
2174 	/*
2175 	 * Default to "can't set rfmon mode"; if it's supported by
2176 	 * a platform, the create routine that called us can set
2177 	 * the op to its routine to check whether a particular
2178 	 * device supports it.
2179 	 */
2180 	p->can_set_rfmon_op = pcap_cant_set_rfmon;
2181 
2182 	/*
2183 	 * If pcap_setnonblock() is called on a not-yet-activated
2184 	 * pcap_t, default to setting a flag and turning
2185 	 * on non-blocking mode when activated.
2186 	 */
2187 	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_unactivated;
2188 
2189 	initialize_ops(p);
2190 
2191 	/* put in some defaults*/
2192 	p->snapshot = 0;		/* max packet size unspecified */
2193 	p->opt.timeout = 0;		/* no timeout specified */
2194 	p->opt.buffer_size = 0;		/* use the platform's default */
2195 	p->opt.promisc = 0;
2196 	p->opt.rfmon = 0;
2197 	p->opt.immediate = 0;
2198 	p->opt.tstamp_type = -1;	/* default to not setting time stamp type */
2199 	p->opt.tstamp_precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
2200 	/*
2201 	 * Platform-dependent options.
2202 	 */
2203 #ifdef __linux__
2204 	p->opt.protocol = 0;
2205 #endif
2206 #ifdef _WIN32
2207 	p->opt.nocapture_local = 0;
2208 #endif
2209 
2210 	/*
2211 	 * Start out with no BPF code generation flags set.
2212 	 */
2213 	p->bpf_codegen_flags = 0;
2214 
2215 	return (p);
2216 }
2217 
2218 int
2219 pcap_check_activated(pcap_t *p)
2220 {
2221 	if (p->activated) {
2222 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "can't perform "
2223 			" operation on activated capture");
2224 		return (-1);
2225 	}
2226 	return (0);
2227 }
2228 
2229 int
2230 pcap_set_snaplen(pcap_t *p, int snaplen)
2231 {
2232 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2233 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2234 	p->snapshot = snaplen;
2235 	return (0);
2236 }
2237 
2238 int
2239 pcap_set_promisc(pcap_t *p, int promisc)
2240 {
2241 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2242 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2243 	p->opt.promisc = promisc;
2244 	return (0);
2245 }
2246 
2247 int
2248 pcap_set_rfmon(pcap_t *p, int rfmon)
2249 {
2250 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2251 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2252 	p->opt.rfmon = rfmon;
2253 	return (0);
2254 }
2255 
2256 int
2257 pcap_set_timeout(pcap_t *p, int timeout_ms)
2258 {
2259 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2260 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2261 	p->opt.timeout = timeout_ms;
2262 	return (0);
2263 }
2264 
2265 int
2266 pcap_set_tstamp_type(pcap_t *p, int tstamp_type)
2267 {
2268 	int i;
2269 
2270 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2271 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2272 
2273 	/*
2274 	 * The argument should have been u_int, but that's too late
2275 	 * to change now - it's an API.
2276 	 */
2277 	if (tstamp_type < 0)
2278 		return (PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP);
2279 
2280 	/*
2281 	 * If p->tstamp_type_count is 0, we only support PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST;
2282 	 * the default time stamp type is PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST.
2283 	 */
2284 	if (p->tstamp_type_count == 0) {
2285 		if (tstamp_type == PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST) {
2286 			p->opt.tstamp_type = tstamp_type;
2287 			return (0);
2288 		}
2289 	} else {
2290 		/*
2291 		 * Check whether we claim to support this type of time stamp.
2292 		 */
2293 		for (i = 0; i < p->tstamp_type_count; i++) {
2294 			if (p->tstamp_type_list[i] == (u_int)tstamp_type) {
2295 				/*
2296 				 * Yes.
2297 				 */
2298 				p->opt.tstamp_type = tstamp_type;
2299 				return (0);
2300 			}
2301 		}
2302 	}
2303 
2304 	/*
2305 	 * We don't support this type of time stamp.
2306 	 */
2307 	return (PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP);
2308 }
2309 
2310 int
2311 pcap_set_immediate_mode(pcap_t *p, int immediate)
2312 {
2313 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2314 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2315 	p->opt.immediate = immediate;
2316 	return (0);
2317 }
2318 
2319 int
2320 pcap_set_buffer_size(pcap_t *p, int buffer_size)
2321 {
2322 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2323 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2324 	if (buffer_size <= 0) {
2325 		/*
2326 		 * Silently ignore invalid values.
2327 		 */
2328 		return (0);
2329 	}
2330 	p->opt.buffer_size = buffer_size;
2331 	return (0);
2332 }
2333 
2334 int
2335 pcap_set_tstamp_precision(pcap_t *p, int tstamp_precision)
2336 {
2337 	int i;
2338 
2339 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2340 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2341 
2342 	/*
2343 	 * The argument should have been u_int, but that's too late
2344 	 * to change now - it's an API.
2345 	 */
2346 	if (tstamp_precision < 0)
2347 		return (PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP);
2348 
2349 	/*
2350 	 * If p->tstamp_precision_count is 0, we only support setting
2351 	 * the time stamp precision to microsecond precision; every
2352 	 * pcap module *MUST* support microsecond precision, even if
2353 	 * it does so by converting the native precision to
2354 	 * microseconds.
2355 	 */
2356 	if (p->tstamp_precision_count == 0) {
2357 		if (tstamp_precision == PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO) {
2358 			p->opt.tstamp_precision = tstamp_precision;
2359 			return (0);
2360 		}
2361 	} else {
2362 		/*
2363 		 * Check whether we claim to support this precision of
2364 		 * time stamp.
2365 		 */
2366 		for (i = 0; i < p->tstamp_precision_count; i++) {
2367 			if (p->tstamp_precision_list[i] == (u_int)tstamp_precision) {
2368 				/*
2369 				 * Yes.
2370 				 */
2371 				p->opt.tstamp_precision = tstamp_precision;
2372 				return (0);
2373 			}
2374 		}
2375 	}
2376 
2377 	/*
2378 	 * We don't support this time stamp precision.
2379 	 */
2380 	return (PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP);
2381 }
2382 
2383 int
2384 pcap_get_tstamp_precision(pcap_t *p)
2385 {
2386         return (p->opt.tstamp_precision);
2387 }
2388 
2389 int
2390 pcap_activate(pcap_t *p)
2391 {
2392 	int status;
2393 
2394 	/*
2395 	 * Catch attempts to re-activate an already-activated
2396 	 * pcap_t; this should, for example, catch code that
2397 	 * calls pcap_open_live() followed by pcap_activate(),
2398 	 * as some code that showed up in a Stack Exchange
2399 	 * question did.
2400 	 */
2401 	if (pcap_check_activated(p))
2402 		return (PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED);
2403 	status = p->activate_op(p);
2404 	if (status >= 0) {
2405 		/*
2406 		 * If somebody requested non-blocking mode before
2407 		 * calling pcap_activate(), turn it on now.
2408 		 */
2409 		if (p->opt.nonblock) {
2410 			status = p->setnonblock_op(p, 1);
2411 			if (status < 0) {
2412 				/*
2413 				 * Failed.  Undo everything done by
2414 				 * the activate operation.
2415 				 */
2416 				p->cleanup_op(p);
2417 				initialize_ops(p);
2418 				return (status);
2419 			}
2420 		}
2421 		p->activated = 1;
2422 	} else {
2423 		if (p->errbuf[0] == '\0') {
2424 			/*
2425 			 * No error message supplied by the activate routine;
2426 			 * for the benefit of programs that don't specially
2427 			 * handle errors other than PCAP_ERROR, return the
2428 			 * error message corresponding to the status.
2429 			 */
2430 			pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s",
2431 			    pcap_statustostr(status));
2432 		}
2433 
2434 		/*
2435 		 * Undo any operation pointer setting, etc. done by
2436 		 * the activate operation.
2437 		 */
2438 		initialize_ops(p);
2439 	}
2440 	return (status);
2441 }
2442 
2443 pcap_t *
2444 pcap_open_live(const char *device, int snaplen, int promisc, int to_ms, char *errbuf)
2445 {
2446 	pcap_t *p;
2447 	int status;
2448 #ifdef ENABLE_REMOTE
2449 	char host[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2450 	char port[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2451 	char name[PCAP_BUF_SIZE + 1];
2452 	int srctype;
2453 
2454 	/*
2455 	 * Retrofit - we have to make older applications compatible with
2456 	 * remote capture.
2457 	 * So we're calling pcap_open_remote() from here; this is a very
2458 	 * dirty hack.
2459 	 * Obviously, we cannot exploit all the new features; for instance,
2460 	 * we cannot send authentication, we cannot use a UDP data connection,
2461 	 * and so on.
2462 	 */
2463 	if (pcap_parsesrcstr(device, &srctype, host, port, name, errbuf))
2464 		return (NULL);
2465 
2466 	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_IFREMOTE) {
2467 		/*
2468 		 * Although we already have host, port and iface, we prefer
2469 		 * to pass only 'device' to pcap_open_rpcap(), so that it has
2470 		 * to call pcap_parsesrcstr() again.
2471 		 * This is less optimized, but much clearer.
2472 		 */
2473 		return (pcap_open_rpcap(device, snaplen,
2474 		    promisc ? PCAP_OPENFLAG_PROMISCUOUS : 0, to_ms,
2475 		    NULL, errbuf));
2476 	}
2477 	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_FILE) {
2478 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "unknown URL scheme \"file\"");
2479 		return (NULL);
2480 	}
2481 	if (srctype == PCAP_SRC_IFLOCAL) {
2482 		/*
2483 		 * If it starts with rpcap://, that refers to a local device
2484 		 * (no host part in the URL). Remove the rpcap://, and
2485 		 * fall through to the regular open path.
2486 		 */
2487 		if (strncmp(device, PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING, strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING)) == 0) {
2488 			size_t len = strlen(device) - strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING) + 1;
2489 
2490 			if (len > 0)
2491 				device += strlen(PCAP_SRC_IF_STRING);
2492 		}
2493 	}
2494 #endif	/* ENABLE_REMOTE */
2495 
2496 	p = pcap_create(device, errbuf);
2497 	if (p == NULL)
2498 		return (NULL);
2499 	status = pcap_set_snaplen(p, snaplen);
2500 	if (status < 0)
2501 		goto fail;
2502 	status = pcap_set_promisc(p, promisc);
2503 	if (status < 0)
2504 		goto fail;
2505 	status = pcap_set_timeout(p, to_ms);
2506 	if (status < 0)
2507 		goto fail;
2508 	/*
2509 	 * Mark this as opened with pcap_open_live(), so that, for
2510 	 * example, we show the full list of DLT_ values, rather
2511 	 * than just the ones that are compatible with capturing
2512 	 * when not in monitor mode.  That allows existing applications
2513 	 * to work the way they used to work, but allows new applications
2514 	 * that know about the new open API to, for example, find out the
2515 	 * DLT_ values that they can select without changing whether
2516 	 * the adapter is in monitor mode or not.
2517 	 */
2518 	p->oldstyle = 1;
2519 	status = pcap_activate(p);
2520 	if (status < 0)
2521 		goto fail;
2522 	return (p);
2523 fail:
2524 	if (status == PCAP_ERROR)
2525 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s", device,
2526 		    p->errbuf);
2527 	else if (status == PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE ||
2528 	    status == PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED ||
2529 	    status == PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED)
2530 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s (%s)", device,
2531 		    pcap_statustostr(status), p->errbuf);
2532 	else
2533 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s", device,
2534 		    pcap_statustostr(status));
2535 	pcap_close(p);
2536 	return (NULL);
2537 }
2538 
2539 pcap_t *
2540 pcap_open_offline_common(char *ebuf, size_t size)
2541 {
2542 	pcap_t *p;
2543 
2544 	p = pcap_alloc_pcap_t(ebuf, size);
2545 	if (p == NULL)
2546 		return (NULL);
2547 
2548 	p->opt.tstamp_precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
2549 
2550 	return (p);
2551 }
2552 
2553 int
2554 pcap_dispatch(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
2555 {
2556 	return (p->read_op(p, cnt, callback, user));
2557 }
2558 
2559 int
2560 pcap_loop(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
2561 {
2562 	register int n;
2563 
2564 	for (;;) {
2565 		if (p->rfile != NULL) {
2566 			/*
2567 			 * 0 means EOF, so don't loop if we get 0.
2568 			 */
2569 			n = pcap_offline_read(p, cnt, callback, user);
2570 		} else {
2571 			/*
2572 			 * XXX keep reading until we get something
2573 			 * (or an error occurs)
2574 			 */
2575 			do {
2576 				n = p->read_op(p, cnt, callback, user);
2577 			} while (n == 0);
2578 		}
2579 		if (n <= 0)
2580 			return (n);
2581 		if (!PACKET_COUNT_IS_UNLIMITED(cnt)) {
2582 			cnt -= n;
2583 			if (cnt <= 0)
2584 				return (0);
2585 		}
2586 	}
2587 }
2588 
2589 /*
2590  * Force the loop in "pcap_read()" or "pcap_read_offline()" to terminate.
2591  */
2592 void
2593 pcap_breakloop(pcap_t *p)
2594 {
2595 	p->break_loop = 1;
2596 }
2597 
2598 int
2599 pcap_datalink(pcap_t *p)
2600 {
2601 	if (!p->activated)
2602 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2603 	return (p->linktype);
2604 }
2605 
2606 int
2607 pcap_datalink_ext(pcap_t *p)
2608 {
2609 	if (!p->activated)
2610 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2611 	return (p->linktype_ext);
2612 }
2613 
2614 int
2615 pcap_list_datalinks(pcap_t *p, int **dlt_buffer)
2616 {
2617 	if (!p->activated)
2618 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
2619 	if (p->dlt_count == 0) {
2620 		/*
2621 		 * We couldn't fetch the list of DLTs, which means
2622 		 * this platform doesn't support changing the
2623 		 * DLT for an interface.  Return a list of DLTs
2624 		 * containing only the DLT this device supports.
2625 		 */
2626 		*dlt_buffer = (int*)malloc(sizeof(**dlt_buffer));
2627 		if (*dlt_buffer == NULL) {
2628 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2629 			    errno, "malloc");
2630 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
2631 		}
2632 		**dlt_buffer = p->linktype;
2633 		return (1);
2634 	} else {
2635 		*dlt_buffer = (int*)calloc(sizeof(**dlt_buffer), p->dlt_count);
2636 		if (*dlt_buffer == NULL) {
2637 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2638 			    errno, "malloc");
2639 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
2640 		}
2641 		(void)memcpy(*dlt_buffer, p->dlt_list,
2642 		    sizeof(**dlt_buffer) * p->dlt_count);
2643 		return (p->dlt_count);
2644 	}
2645 }
2646 
2647 /*
2648  * In Windows, you might have a library built with one version of the
2649  * C runtime library and an application built with another version of
2650  * the C runtime library, which means that the library might use one
2651  * version of malloc() and free() and the application might use another
2652  * version of malloc() and free().  If so, that means something
2653  * allocated by the library cannot be freed by the application, so we
2654  * need to have a pcap_free_datalinks() routine to free up the list
2655  * allocated by pcap_list_datalinks(), even though it's just a wrapper
2656  * around free().
2657  */
2658 void
2659 pcap_free_datalinks(int *dlt_list)
2660 {
2661 	free(dlt_list);
2662 }
2663 
2664 int
2665 pcap_set_datalink(pcap_t *p, int dlt)
2666 {
2667 	int i;
2668 	const char *dlt_name;
2669 
2670 	if (dlt < 0)
2671 		goto unsupported;
2672 
2673 	if (p->dlt_count == 0 || p->set_datalink_op == NULL) {
2674 		/*
2675 		 * We couldn't fetch the list of DLTs, or we don't
2676 		 * have a "set datalink" operation, which means
2677 		 * this platform doesn't support changing the
2678 		 * DLT for an interface.  Check whether the new
2679 		 * DLT is the one this interface supports.
2680 		 */
2681 		if (p->linktype != dlt)
2682 			goto unsupported;
2683 
2684 		/*
2685 		 * It is, so there's nothing we need to do here.
2686 		 */
2687 		return (0);
2688 	}
2689 	for (i = 0; i < p->dlt_count; i++)
2690 		if (p->dlt_list[i] == (u_int)dlt)
2691 			break;
2692 	if (i >= p->dlt_count)
2693 		goto unsupported;
2694 	if (p->dlt_count == 2 && p->dlt_list[0] == DLT_EN10MB &&
2695 	    dlt == DLT_DOCSIS) {
2696 		/*
2697 		 * This is presumably an Ethernet device, as the first
2698 		 * link-layer type it offers is DLT_EN10MB, and the only
2699 		 * other type it offers is DLT_DOCSIS.  That means that
2700 		 * we can't tell the driver to supply DOCSIS link-layer
2701 		 * headers - we're just pretending that's what we're
2702 		 * getting, as, presumably, we're capturing on a dedicated
2703 		 * link to a Cisco Cable Modem Termination System, and
2704 		 * it's putting raw DOCSIS frames on the wire inside low-level
2705 		 * Ethernet framing.
2706 		 */
2707 		p->linktype = dlt;
2708 		return (0);
2709 	}
2710 	if (p->set_datalink_op(p, dlt) == -1)
2711 		return (-1);
2712 	p->linktype = dlt;
2713 	return (0);
2714 
2715 unsupported:
2716 	dlt_name = pcap_datalink_val_to_name(dlt);
2717 	if (dlt_name != NULL) {
2718 		(void) pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2719 		    "%s is not one of the DLTs supported by this device",
2720 		    dlt_name);
2721 	} else {
2722 		(void) pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
2723 		    "DLT %d is not one of the DLTs supported by this device",
2724 		    dlt);
2725 	}
2726 	return (-1);
2727 }
2728 
2729 /*
2730  * This array is designed for mapping upper and lower case letter
2731  * together for a case independent comparison.  The mappings are
2732  * based upon ascii character sequences.
2733  */
2734 static const u_char charmap[] = {
2735 	(u_char)'\000', (u_char)'\001', (u_char)'\002', (u_char)'\003',
2736 	(u_char)'\004', (u_char)'\005', (u_char)'\006', (u_char)'\007',
2737 	(u_char)'\010', (u_char)'\011', (u_char)'\012', (u_char)'\013',
2738 	(u_char)'\014', (u_char)'\015', (u_char)'\016', (u_char)'\017',
2739 	(u_char)'\020', (u_char)'\021', (u_char)'\022', (u_char)'\023',
2740 	(u_char)'\024', (u_char)'\025', (u_char)'\026', (u_char)'\027',
2741 	(u_char)'\030', (u_char)'\031', (u_char)'\032', (u_char)'\033',
2742 	(u_char)'\034', (u_char)'\035', (u_char)'\036', (u_char)'\037',
2743 	(u_char)'\040', (u_char)'\041', (u_char)'\042', (u_char)'\043',
2744 	(u_char)'\044', (u_char)'\045', (u_char)'\046', (u_char)'\047',
2745 	(u_char)'\050', (u_char)'\051', (u_char)'\052', (u_char)'\053',
2746 	(u_char)'\054', (u_char)'\055', (u_char)'\056', (u_char)'\057',
2747 	(u_char)'\060', (u_char)'\061', (u_char)'\062', (u_char)'\063',
2748 	(u_char)'\064', (u_char)'\065', (u_char)'\066', (u_char)'\067',
2749 	(u_char)'\070', (u_char)'\071', (u_char)'\072', (u_char)'\073',
2750 	(u_char)'\074', (u_char)'\075', (u_char)'\076', (u_char)'\077',
2751 	(u_char)'\100', (u_char)'\141', (u_char)'\142', (u_char)'\143',
2752 	(u_char)'\144', (u_char)'\145', (u_char)'\146', (u_char)'\147',
2753 	(u_char)'\150', (u_char)'\151', (u_char)'\152', (u_char)'\153',
2754 	(u_char)'\154', (u_char)'\155', (u_char)'\156', (u_char)'\157',
2755 	(u_char)'\160', (u_char)'\161', (u_char)'\162', (u_char)'\163',
2756 	(u_char)'\164', (u_char)'\165', (u_char)'\166', (u_char)'\167',
2757 	(u_char)'\170', (u_char)'\171', (u_char)'\172', (u_char)'\133',
2758 	(u_char)'\134', (u_char)'\135', (u_char)'\136', (u_char)'\137',
2759 	(u_char)'\140', (u_char)'\141', (u_char)'\142', (u_char)'\143',
2760 	(u_char)'\144', (u_char)'\145', (u_char)'\146', (u_char)'\147',
2761 	(u_char)'\150', (u_char)'\151', (u_char)'\152', (u_char)'\153',
2762 	(u_char)'\154', (u_char)'\155', (u_char)'\156', (u_char)'\157',
2763 	(u_char)'\160', (u_char)'\161', (u_char)'\162', (u_char)'\163',
2764 	(u_char)'\164', (u_char)'\165', (u_char)'\166', (u_char)'\167',
2765 	(u_char)'\170', (u_char)'\171', (u_char)'\172', (u_char)'\173',
2766 	(u_char)'\174', (u_char)'\175', (u_char)'\176', (u_char)'\177',
2767 	(u_char)'\200', (u_char)'\201', (u_char)'\202', (u_char)'\203',
2768 	(u_char)'\204', (u_char)'\205', (u_char)'\206', (u_char)'\207',
2769 	(u_char)'\210', (u_char)'\211', (u_char)'\212', (u_char)'\213',
2770 	(u_char)'\214', (u_char)'\215', (u_char)'\216', (u_char)'\217',
2771 	(u_char)'\220', (u_char)'\221', (u_char)'\222', (u_char)'\223',
2772 	(u_char)'\224', (u_char)'\225', (u_char)'\226', (u_char)'\227',
2773 	(u_char)'\230', (u_char)'\231', (u_char)'\232', (u_char)'\233',
2774 	(u_char)'\234', (u_char)'\235', (u_char)'\236', (u_char)'\237',
2775 	(u_char)'\240', (u_char)'\241', (u_char)'\242', (u_char)'\243',
2776 	(u_char)'\244', (u_char)'\245', (u_char)'\246', (u_char)'\247',
2777 	(u_char)'\250', (u_char)'\251', (u_char)'\252', (u_char)'\253',
2778 	(u_char)'\254', (u_char)'\255', (u_char)'\256', (u_char)'\257',
2779 	(u_char)'\260', (u_char)'\261', (u_char)'\262', (u_char)'\263',
2780 	(u_char)'\264', (u_char)'\265', (u_char)'\266', (u_char)'\267',
2781 	(u_char)'\270', (u_char)'\271', (u_char)'\272', (u_char)'\273',
2782 	(u_char)'\274', (u_char)'\275', (u_char)'\276', (u_char)'\277',
2783 	(u_char)'\300', (u_char)'\341', (u_char)'\342', (u_char)'\343',
2784 	(u_char)'\344', (u_char)'\345', (u_char)'\346', (u_char)'\347',
2785 	(u_char)'\350', (u_char)'\351', (u_char)'\352', (u_char)'\353',
2786 	(u_char)'\354', (u_char)'\355', (u_char)'\356', (u_char)'\357',
2787 	(u_char)'\360', (u_char)'\361', (u_char)'\362', (u_char)'\363',
2788 	(u_char)'\364', (u_char)'\365', (u_char)'\366', (u_char)'\367',
2789 	(u_char)'\370', (u_char)'\371', (u_char)'\372', (u_char)'\333',
2790 	(u_char)'\334', (u_char)'\335', (u_char)'\336', (u_char)'\337',
2791 	(u_char)'\340', (u_char)'\341', (u_char)'\342', (u_char)'\343',
2792 	(u_char)'\344', (u_char)'\345', (u_char)'\346', (u_char)'\347',
2793 	(u_char)'\350', (u_char)'\351', (u_char)'\352', (u_char)'\353',
2794 	(u_char)'\354', (u_char)'\355', (u_char)'\356', (u_char)'\357',
2795 	(u_char)'\360', (u_char)'\361', (u_char)'\362', (u_char)'\363',
2796 	(u_char)'\364', (u_char)'\365', (u_char)'\366', (u_char)'\367',
2797 	(u_char)'\370', (u_char)'\371', (u_char)'\372', (u_char)'\373',
2798 	(u_char)'\374', (u_char)'\375', (u_char)'\376', (u_char)'\377',
2799 };
2800 
2801 int
2802 pcap_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2)
2803 {
2804 	register const u_char	*cm = charmap,
2805 				*us1 = (const u_char *)s1,
2806 				*us2 = (const u_char *)s2;
2807 
2808 	while (cm[*us1] == cm[*us2++])
2809 		if (*us1++ == '\0')
2810 			return(0);
2811 	return (cm[*us1] - cm[*--us2]);
2812 }
2813 
2814 struct dlt_choice {
2815 	const char *name;
2816 	const char *description;
2817 	int	dlt;
2818 };
2819 
2820 #define DLT_CHOICE(code, description) { #code, description, DLT_ ## code }
2821 #define DLT_CHOICE_SENTINEL { NULL, NULL, 0 }
2822 
2823 static struct dlt_choice dlt_choices[] = {
2824 	DLT_CHOICE(NULL, "BSD loopback"),
2825 	DLT_CHOICE(EN10MB, "Ethernet"),
2826 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802, "Token ring"),
2827 	DLT_CHOICE(ARCNET, "BSD ARCNET"),
2828 	DLT_CHOICE(SLIP, "SLIP"),
2829 	DLT_CHOICE(PPP, "PPP"),
2830 	DLT_CHOICE(FDDI, "FDDI"),
2831 	DLT_CHOICE(ATM_RFC1483, "RFC 1483 LLC-encapsulated ATM"),
2832 	DLT_CHOICE(RAW, "Raw IP"),
2833 	DLT_CHOICE(SLIP_BSDOS, "BSD/OS SLIP"),
2834 	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_BSDOS, "BSD/OS PPP"),
2835 	DLT_CHOICE(ATM_CLIP, "Linux Classical IP-over-ATM"),
2836 	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_SERIAL, "PPP over serial"),
2837 	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_ETHER, "PPPoE"),
2838 	DLT_CHOICE(SYMANTEC_FIREWALL, "Symantec Firewall"),
2839 	DLT_CHOICE(C_HDLC, "Cisco HDLC"),
2840 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11, "802.11"),
2841 	DLT_CHOICE(FRELAY, "Frame Relay"),
2842 	DLT_CHOICE(LOOP, "OpenBSD loopback"),
2843 	DLT_CHOICE(ENC, "OpenBSD encapsulated IP"),
2844 	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_SLL, "Linux cooked"),
2845 	DLT_CHOICE(LTALK, "Localtalk"),
2846 	DLT_CHOICE(PFLOG, "OpenBSD pflog file"),
2847 	DLT_CHOICE(PFSYNC, "Packet filter state syncing"),
2848 	DLT_CHOICE(PRISM_HEADER, "802.11 plus Prism header"),
2849 	DLT_CHOICE(IP_OVER_FC, "RFC 2625 IP-over-Fibre Channel"),
2850 	DLT_CHOICE(SUNATM, "Sun raw ATM"),
2851 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11_RADIO, "802.11 plus radiotap header"),
2852 	DLT_CHOICE(ARCNET_LINUX, "Linux ARCNET"),
2853 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MLPPP, "Juniper Multi-Link PPP"),
2854 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MLFR, "Juniper Multi-Link Frame Relay"),
2855 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ES, "Juniper Encryption Services PIC"),
2856 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_GGSN, "Juniper GGSN PIC"),
2857 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MFR, "Juniper FRF.16 Frame Relay"),
2858 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM2, "Juniper ATM2 PIC"),
2859 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_SERVICES, "Juniper Advanced Services PIC"),
2860 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM1, "Juniper ATM1 PIC"),
2861 	DLT_CHOICE(APPLE_IP_OVER_IEEE1394, "Apple IP-over-IEEE 1394"),
2862 	DLT_CHOICE(MTP2_WITH_PHDR, "SS7 MTP2 with Pseudo-header"),
2863 	DLT_CHOICE(MTP2, "SS7 MTP2"),
2864 	DLT_CHOICE(MTP3, "SS7 MTP3"),
2865 	DLT_CHOICE(SCCP, "SS7 SCCP"),
2866 	DLT_CHOICE(DOCSIS, "DOCSIS"),
2867 	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_IRDA, "Linux IrDA"),
2868 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_11_RADIO_AVS, "802.11 plus AVS radio information header"),
2869 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_MONITOR, "Juniper Passive Monitor PIC"),
2870 	DLT_CHOICE(BACNET_MS_TP, "BACnet MS/TP"),
2871 	DLT_CHOICE(PPP_PPPD, "PPP for pppd, with direction flag"),
2872 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPPOE, "Juniper PPPoE"),
2873 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPPOE_ATM, "Juniper PPPoE/ATM"),
2874 	DLT_CHOICE(GPRS_LLC, "GPRS LLC"),
2875 	DLT_CHOICE(GPF_T, "GPF-T"),
2876 	DLT_CHOICE(GPF_F, "GPF-F"),
2877 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PIC_PEER, "Juniper PIC Peer"),
2878 	DLT_CHOICE(ERF_ETH,	"Ethernet with Endace ERF header"),
2879 	DLT_CHOICE(ERF_POS, "Packet-over-SONET with Endace ERF header"),
2880 	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_LAPD, "Linux vISDN LAPD"),
2881 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ETHER, "Juniper Ethernet"),
2882 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_PPP, "Juniper PPP"),
2883 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_FRELAY, "Juniper Frame Relay"),
2884 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_CHDLC, "Juniper C-HDLC"),
2885 	DLT_CHOICE(MFR, "FRF.16 Frame Relay"),
2886 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_VP, "Juniper Voice PIC"),
2887 	DLT_CHOICE(A429, "Arinc 429"),
2888 	DLT_CHOICE(A653_ICM, "Arinc 653 Interpartition Communication"),
2889 	DLT_CHOICE(USB_FREEBSD, "USB with FreeBSD header"),
2890 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_HCI_H4, "Bluetooth HCI UART transport layer"),
2891 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_16_MAC_CPS, "IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer"),
2892 	DLT_CHOICE(USB_LINUX, "USB with Linux header"),
2893 	DLT_CHOICE(CAN20B, "Controller Area Network (CAN) v. 2.0B"),
2894 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_LINUX, "IEEE 802.15.4 with Linux padding"),
2895 	DLT_CHOICE(PPI, "Per-Packet Information"),
2896 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_16_MAC_CPS_RADIO, "IEEE 802.16 MAC Common Part Sublayer plus radiotap header"),
2897 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ISM, "Juniper Integrated Service Module"),
2898 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4, "IEEE 802.15.4 with FCS"),
2899 	DLT_CHOICE(SITA, "SITA pseudo-header"),
2900 	DLT_CHOICE(ERF, "Endace ERF header"),
2901 	DLT_CHOICE(RAIF1, "Ethernet with u10 Networks pseudo-header"),
2902 	DLT_CHOICE(IPMB, "IPMB"),
2903 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ST, "Juniper Secure Tunnel"),
2904 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_HCI_H4_WITH_PHDR, "Bluetooth HCI UART transport layer plus pseudo-header"),
2905 	DLT_CHOICE(AX25_KISS, "AX.25 with KISS header"),
2906 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_NONASK_PHY, "IEEE 802.15.4 with non-ASK PHY data"),
2907 	DLT_CHOICE(MPLS, "MPLS with label as link-layer header"),
2908 	DLT_CHOICE(LINUX_EVDEV, "Linux evdev events"),
2909 	DLT_CHOICE(USB_LINUX_MMAPPED, "USB with padded Linux header"),
2910 	DLT_CHOICE(DECT, "DECT"),
2911 	DLT_CHOICE(AOS, "AOS Space Data Link protocol"),
2912 	DLT_CHOICE(WIHART, "Wireless HART"),
2913 	DLT_CHOICE(FC_2, "Fibre Channel FC-2"),
2914 	DLT_CHOICE(FC_2_WITH_FRAME_DELIMS, "Fibre Channel FC-2 with frame delimiters"),
2915 	DLT_CHOICE(IPNET, "Solaris ipnet"),
2916 	DLT_CHOICE(CAN_SOCKETCAN, "CAN-bus with SocketCAN headers"),
2917 	DLT_CHOICE(IPV4, "Raw IPv4"),
2918 	DLT_CHOICE(IPV6, "Raw IPv6"),
2919 	DLT_CHOICE(IEEE802_15_4_NOFCS, "IEEE 802.15.4 without FCS"),
2920 	DLT_CHOICE(DBUS, "D-Bus"),
2921 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_VS, "Juniper Virtual Server"),
2922 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_SRX_E2E, "Juniper SRX E2E"),
2923 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_FIBRECHANNEL, "Juniper Fibre Channel"),
2924 	DLT_CHOICE(DVB_CI, "DVB-CI"),
2925 	DLT_CHOICE(MUX27010, "MUX27010"),
2926 	DLT_CHOICE(STANAG_5066_D_PDU, "STANAG 5066 D_PDUs"),
2927 	DLT_CHOICE(JUNIPER_ATM_CEMIC, "Juniper ATM CEMIC"),
2928 	DLT_CHOICE(NFLOG, "Linux netfilter log messages"),
2929 	DLT_CHOICE(NETANALYZER, "Ethernet with Hilscher netANALYZER pseudo-header"),
2930 	DLT_CHOICE(NETANALYZER_TRANSPARENT, "Ethernet with Hilscher netANALYZER pseudo-header and with preamble and SFD"),
2931 	DLT_CHOICE(IPOIB, "RFC 4391 IP-over-Infiniband"),
2932 	DLT_CHOICE(MPEG_2_TS, "MPEG-2 transport stream"),
2933 	DLT_CHOICE(NG40, "ng40 protocol tester Iub/Iur"),
2934 	DLT_CHOICE(NFC_LLCP, "NFC LLCP PDUs with pseudo-header"),
2935 	DLT_CHOICE(INFINIBAND, "InfiniBand"),
2936 	DLT_CHOICE(SCTP, "SCTP"),
2937 	DLT_CHOICE(USBPCAP, "USB with USBPcap header"),
2938 	DLT_CHOICE(RTAC_SERIAL, "Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories RTAC packets"),
2939 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LE_LL, "Bluetooth Low Energy air interface"),
2940 	DLT_CHOICE(NETLINK, "Linux netlink"),
2941 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LINUX_MONITOR, "Bluetooth Linux Monitor"),
2942 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_BREDR_BB, "Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate baseband packets"),
2943 	DLT_CHOICE(BLUETOOTH_LE_LL_WITH_PHDR, "Bluetooth Low Energy air interface with pseudo-header"),
2944 	DLT_CHOICE(PROFIBUS_DL, "PROFIBUS data link layer"),
2945 	DLT_CHOICE(PKTAP, "Apple DLT_PKTAP"),
2946 	DLT_CHOICE(EPON, "Ethernet with 802.3 Clause 65 EPON preamble"),
2947 	DLT_CHOICE(IPMI_HPM_2, "IPMI trace packets"),
2948 	DLT_CHOICE(ZWAVE_R1_R2, "Z-Wave RF profile R1 and R2 packets"),
2949 	DLT_CHOICE(ZWAVE_R3, "Z-Wave RF profile R3 packets"),
2950 	DLT_CHOICE(WATTSTOPPER_DLM, "WattStopper Digital Lighting Management (DLM) and Legrand Nitoo Open protocol"),
2951 	DLT_CHOICE(ISO_14443, "ISO 14443 messages"),
2952 	DLT_CHOICE(RDS, "IEC 62106 Radio Data System groups"),
2953 	DLT_CHOICE(USB_DARWIN, "USB with Darwin header"),
2954 	DLT_CHOICE(OPENFLOW, "OpenBSD DLT_OPENFLOW"),
2955 	DLT_CHOICE(SDLC, "IBM SDLC frames"),
2956 	DLT_CHOICE(TI_LLN_SNIFFER, "TI LLN sniffer frames"),
2957 	DLT_CHOICE(VSOCK, "Linux vsock"),
2958 	DLT_CHOICE(NORDIC_BLE, "Nordic Semiconductor Bluetooth LE sniffer frames"),
2959 	DLT_CHOICE(DOCSIS31_XRA31, "Excentis XRA-31 DOCSIS 3.1 RF sniffer frames"),
2960 	DLT_CHOICE(ETHERNET_MPACKET, "802.3br mPackets"),
2961 	DLT_CHOICE(DISPLAYPORT_AUX, "DisplayPort AUX channel monitoring data"),
2962 	DLT_CHOICE_SENTINEL
2963 };
2964 
2965 int
2966 pcap_datalink_name_to_val(const char *name)
2967 {
2968 	int i;
2969 
2970 	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
2971 		if (pcap_strcasecmp(dlt_choices[i].name, name) == 0)
2972 			return (dlt_choices[i].dlt);
2973 	}
2974 	return (-1);
2975 }
2976 
2977 const char *
2978 pcap_datalink_val_to_name(int dlt)
2979 {
2980 	int i;
2981 
2982 	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
2983 		if (dlt_choices[i].dlt == dlt)
2984 			return (dlt_choices[i].name);
2985 	}
2986 	return (NULL);
2987 }
2988 
2989 const char *
2990 pcap_datalink_val_to_description(int dlt)
2991 {
2992 	int i;
2993 
2994 	for (i = 0; dlt_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
2995 		if (dlt_choices[i].dlt == dlt)
2996 			return (dlt_choices[i].description);
2997 	}
2998 	return (NULL);
2999 }
3000 
3001 struct tstamp_type_choice {
3002 	const char *name;
3003 	const char *description;
3004 	int	type;
3005 };
3006 
3007 static struct tstamp_type_choice tstamp_type_choices[] = {
3008 	{ "host", "Host", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST },
3009 	{ "host_lowprec", "Host, low precision", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST_LOWPREC },
3010 	{ "host_hiprec", "Host, high precision", PCAP_TSTAMP_HOST_HIPREC },
3011 	{ "adapter", "Adapter", PCAP_TSTAMP_ADAPTER },
3012 	{ "adapter_unsynced", "Adapter, not synced with system time", PCAP_TSTAMP_ADAPTER_UNSYNCED },
3013 	{ NULL, NULL, 0 }
3014 };
3015 
3016 int
3017 pcap_tstamp_type_name_to_val(const char *name)
3018 {
3019 	int i;
3020 
3021 	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3022 		if (pcap_strcasecmp(tstamp_type_choices[i].name, name) == 0)
3023 			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].type);
3024 	}
3025 	return (PCAP_ERROR);
3026 }
3027 
3028 const char *
3029 pcap_tstamp_type_val_to_name(int tstamp_type)
3030 {
3031 	int i;
3032 
3033 	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3034 		if (tstamp_type_choices[i].type == tstamp_type)
3035 			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].name);
3036 	}
3037 	return (NULL);
3038 }
3039 
3040 const char *
3041 pcap_tstamp_type_val_to_description(int tstamp_type)
3042 {
3043 	int i;
3044 
3045 	for (i = 0; tstamp_type_choices[i].name != NULL; i++) {
3046 		if (tstamp_type_choices[i].type == tstamp_type)
3047 			return (tstamp_type_choices[i].description);
3048 	}
3049 	return (NULL);
3050 }
3051 
3052 int
3053 pcap_snapshot(pcap_t *p)
3054 {
3055 	if (!p->activated)
3056 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3057 	return (p->snapshot);
3058 }
3059 
3060 int
3061 pcap_is_swapped(pcap_t *p)
3062 {
3063 	if (!p->activated)
3064 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3065 	return (p->swapped);
3066 }
3067 
3068 int
3069 pcap_major_version(pcap_t *p)
3070 {
3071 	if (!p->activated)
3072 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3073 	return (p->version_major);
3074 }
3075 
3076 int
3077 pcap_minor_version(pcap_t *p)
3078 {
3079 	if (!p->activated)
3080 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3081 	return (p->version_minor);
3082 }
3083 
3084 int
3085 pcap_bufsize(pcap_t *p)
3086 {
3087 	if (!p->activated)
3088 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED);
3089 	return (p->bufsize);
3090 }
3091 
3092 FILE *
3093 pcap_file(pcap_t *p)
3094 {
3095 	return (p->rfile);
3096 }
3097 
3098 int
3099 pcap_fileno(pcap_t *p)
3100 {
3101 #ifndef _WIN32
3102 	return (p->fd);
3103 #else
3104 	if (p->handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
3105 		return ((int)(DWORD)p->handle);
3106 	else
3107 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
3108 #endif
3109 }
3110 
3111 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3112 int
3113 pcap_get_selectable_fd(pcap_t *p)
3114 {
3115 	return (p->selectable_fd);
3116 }
3117 
3118 struct timeval *
3119 pcap_get_required_select_timeout(pcap_t *p)
3120 {
3121 	return (p->required_select_timeout);
3122 }
3123 #endif
3124 
3125 void
3126 pcap_perror(pcap_t *p, const char *prefix)
3127 {
3128 	fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", prefix, p->errbuf);
3129 }
3130 
3131 char *
3132 pcap_geterr(pcap_t *p)
3133 {
3134 	return (p->errbuf);
3135 }
3136 
3137 int
3138 pcap_getnonblock(pcap_t *p, char *errbuf)
3139 {
3140 	int ret;
3141 
3142 	ret = p->getnonblock_op(p);
3143 	if (ret == -1) {
3144 		/*
3145 		 * The get nonblock operation sets p->errbuf; this
3146 		 * function *shouldn't* have had a separate errbuf
3147 		 * argument, as it didn't need one, but I goofed
3148 		 * when adding it.
3149 		 *
3150 		 * We copy the error message to errbuf, so callers
3151 		 * can find it in either place.
3152 		 */
3153 		strlcpy(errbuf, p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3154 	}
3155 	return (ret);
3156 }
3157 
3158 /*
3159  * Get the current non-blocking mode setting, under the assumption that
3160  * it's just the standard POSIX non-blocking flag.
3161  */
3162 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3163 int
3164 pcap_getnonblock_fd(pcap_t *p)
3165 {
3166 	int fdflags;
3167 
3168 	fdflags = fcntl(p->fd, F_GETFL, 0);
3169 	if (fdflags == -1) {
3170 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3171 		    errno, "F_GETFL");
3172 		return (-1);
3173 	}
3174 	if (fdflags & O_NONBLOCK)
3175 		return (1);
3176 	else
3177 		return (0);
3178 }
3179 #endif
3180 
3181 int
3182 pcap_setnonblock(pcap_t *p, int nonblock, char *errbuf)
3183 {
3184 	int ret;
3185 
3186 	ret = p->setnonblock_op(p, nonblock);
3187 	if (ret == -1) {
3188 		/*
3189 		 * The set nonblock operation sets p->errbuf; this
3190 		 * function *shouldn't* have had a separate errbuf
3191 		 * argument, as it didn't need one, but I goofed
3192 		 * when adding it.
3193 		 *
3194 		 * We copy the error message to errbuf, so callers
3195 		 * can find it in either place.
3196 		 */
3197 		strlcpy(errbuf, p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3198 	}
3199 	return (ret);
3200 }
3201 
3202 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3203 /*
3204  * Set non-blocking mode, under the assumption that it's just the
3205  * standard POSIX non-blocking flag.  (This can be called by the
3206  * per-platform non-blocking-mode routine if that routine also
3207  * needs to do some additional work.)
3208  */
3209 int
3210 pcap_setnonblock_fd(pcap_t *p, int nonblock)
3211 {
3212 	int fdflags;
3213 
3214 	fdflags = fcntl(p->fd, F_GETFL, 0);
3215 	if (fdflags == -1) {
3216 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3217 		    errno, "F_GETFL");
3218 		return (-1);
3219 	}
3220 	if (nonblock)
3221 		fdflags |= O_NONBLOCK;
3222 	else
3223 		fdflags &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
3224 	if (fcntl(p->fd, F_SETFL, fdflags) == -1) {
3225 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3226 		    errno, "F_SETFL");
3227 		return (-1);
3228 	}
3229 	return (0);
3230 }
3231 #endif
3232 
3233 #ifdef _WIN32
3234 /*
3235  * Generate a string for a Win32-specific error (i.e. an error generated when
3236  * calling a Win32 API).
3237  * For errors occurred during standard C calls, we still use pcap_strerror()
3238  */
3239 void
3240 pcap_win32_err_to_str(DWORD error, char *errbuf)
3241 {
3242 	size_t errlen;
3243 	char *p;
3244 
3245 	FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, error, 0, errbuf,
3246 	    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, NULL);
3247 
3248 	/*
3249 	 * "FormatMessage()" "helpfully" sticks CR/LF at the end of the
3250 	 * message.  Get rid of it.
3251 	 */
3252 	errlen = strlen(errbuf);
3253 	if (errlen >= 2) {
3254 		errbuf[errlen - 1] = '\0';
3255 		errbuf[errlen - 2] = '\0';
3256 	}
3257 	p = strchr(errbuf, '\0');
3258 	pcap_snprintf (p, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE+1-(p-errbuf), " (%lu)", error);
3259 }
3260 #endif
3261 
3262 /*
3263  * Generate error strings for PCAP_ERROR_ and PCAP_WARNING_ values.
3264  */
3265 const char *
3266 pcap_statustostr(int errnum)
3267 {
3268 	static char ebuf[15+10+1];
3269 
3270 	switch (errnum) {
3271 
3272 	case PCAP_WARNING:
3273 		return("Generic warning");
3274 
3275 	case PCAP_WARNING_TSTAMP_TYPE_NOTSUP:
3276 		return ("That type of time stamp is not supported by that device");
3277 
3278 	case PCAP_WARNING_PROMISC_NOTSUP:
3279 		return ("That device doesn't support promiscuous mode");
3280 
3281 	case PCAP_ERROR:
3282 		return("Generic error");
3283 
3284 	case PCAP_ERROR_BREAK:
3285 		return("Loop terminated by pcap_breakloop");
3286 
3287 	case PCAP_ERROR_NOT_ACTIVATED:
3288 		return("The pcap_t has not been activated");
3289 
3290 	case PCAP_ERROR_ACTIVATED:
3291 		return ("The setting can't be changed after the pcap_t is activated");
3292 
3293 	case PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE:
3294 		return ("No such device exists");
3295 
3296 	case PCAP_ERROR_RFMON_NOTSUP:
3297 		return ("That device doesn't support monitor mode");
3298 
3299 	case PCAP_ERROR_NOT_RFMON:
3300 		return ("That operation is supported only in monitor mode");
3301 
3302 	case PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED:
3303 		return ("You don't have permission to capture on that device");
3304 
3305 	case PCAP_ERROR_IFACE_NOT_UP:
3306 		return ("That device is not up");
3307 
3308 	case PCAP_ERROR_CANTSET_TSTAMP_TYPE:
3309 		return ("That device doesn't support setting the time stamp type");
3310 
3311 	case PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED:
3312 		return ("You don't have permission to capture in promiscuous mode on that device");
3313 
3314 	case PCAP_ERROR_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NOTSUP:
3315 		return ("That device doesn't support that time stamp precision");
3316 	}
3317 	(void)pcap_snprintf(ebuf, sizeof ebuf, "Unknown error: %d", errnum);
3318 	return(ebuf);
3319 }
3320 
3321 /*
3322  * Not all systems have strerror().
3323  */
3324 const char *
3325 pcap_strerror(int errnum)
3326 {
3327 #ifdef HAVE_STRERROR
3328 #ifdef _WIN32
3329 	static char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
3330 	errno_t err = strerror_s(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, errnum);
3331 
3332 	if (err != 0) /* err = 0 if successful */
3333 		strlcpy(errbuf, "strerror_s() error", PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3334 	return (errbuf);
3335 #else
3336 	return (strerror(errnum));
3337 #endif /* _WIN32 */
3338 #else
3339 	extern int sys_nerr;
3340 	extern const char *const sys_errlist[];
3341 	static char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
3342 
3343 	if ((unsigned int)errnum < sys_nerr)
3344 		return ((char *)sys_errlist[errnum]);
3345 	(void)pcap_snprintf(errbuf, sizeof errbuf, "Unknown error: %d", errnum);
3346 	return (errbuf);
3347 #endif
3348 }
3349 
3350 int
3351 pcap_setfilter(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp)
3352 {
3353 	return (p->setfilter_op(p, fp));
3354 }
3355 
3356 /*
3357  * Set direction flag, which controls whether we accept only incoming
3358  * packets, only outgoing packets, or both.
3359  * Note that, depending on the platform, some or all direction arguments
3360  * might not be supported.
3361  */
3362 int
3363 pcap_setdirection(pcap_t *p, pcap_direction_t d)
3364 {
3365 	if (p->setdirection_op == NULL) {
3366 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3367 		    "Setting direction is not implemented on this platform");
3368 		return (-1);
3369 	} else
3370 		return (p->setdirection_op(p, d));
3371 }
3372 
3373 int
3374 pcap_stats(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps)
3375 {
3376 	return (p->stats_op(p, ps));
3377 }
3378 
3379 #ifdef _WIN32
3380 struct pcap_stat *
3381 pcap_stats_ex(pcap_t *p, int *pcap_stat_size)
3382 {
3383 	return (p->stats_ex_op(p, pcap_stat_size));
3384 }
3385 
3386 int
3387 pcap_setbuff(pcap_t *p, int dim)
3388 {
3389 	return (p->setbuff_op(p, dim));
3390 }
3391 
3392 int
3393 pcap_setmode(pcap_t *p, int mode)
3394 {
3395 	return (p->setmode_op(p, mode));
3396 }
3397 
3398 int
3399 pcap_setmintocopy(pcap_t *p, int size)
3400 {
3401 	return (p->setmintocopy_op(p, size));
3402 }
3403 
3404 HANDLE
3405 pcap_getevent(pcap_t *p)
3406 {
3407 	return (p->getevent_op(p));
3408 }
3409 
3410 int
3411 pcap_oid_get_request(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid, void *data, size_t *lenp)
3412 {
3413 	return (p->oid_get_request_op(p, oid, data, lenp));
3414 }
3415 
3416 int
3417 pcap_oid_set_request(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid, const void *data, size_t *lenp)
3418 {
3419 	return (p->oid_set_request_op(p, oid, data, lenp));
3420 }
3421 
3422 pcap_send_queue *
3423 pcap_sendqueue_alloc(u_int memsize)
3424 {
3425 	pcap_send_queue *tqueue;
3426 
3427 	/* Allocate the queue */
3428 	tqueue = (pcap_send_queue *)malloc(sizeof(pcap_send_queue));
3429 	if (tqueue == NULL){
3430 		return (NULL);
3431 	}
3432 
3433 	/* Allocate the buffer */
3434 	tqueue->buffer = (char *)malloc(memsize);
3435 	if (tqueue->buffer == NULL) {
3436 		free(tqueue);
3437 		return (NULL);
3438 	}
3439 
3440 	tqueue->maxlen = memsize;
3441 	tqueue->len = 0;
3442 
3443 	return (tqueue);
3444 }
3445 
3446 void
3447 pcap_sendqueue_destroy(pcap_send_queue *queue)
3448 {
3449 	free(queue->buffer);
3450 	free(queue);
3451 }
3452 
3453 int
3454 pcap_sendqueue_queue(pcap_send_queue *queue, const struct pcap_pkthdr *pkt_header, const u_char *pkt_data)
3455 {
3456 	if (queue->len + sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr) + pkt_header->caplen > queue->maxlen){
3457 		return (-1);
3458 	}
3459 
3460 	/* Copy the pcap_pkthdr header*/
3461 	memcpy(queue->buffer + queue->len, pkt_header, sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr));
3462 	queue->len += sizeof(struct pcap_pkthdr);
3463 
3464 	/* copy the packet */
3465 	memcpy(queue->buffer + queue->len, pkt_data, pkt_header->caplen);
3466 	queue->len += pkt_header->caplen;
3467 
3468 	return (0);
3469 }
3470 
3471 u_int
3472 pcap_sendqueue_transmit(pcap_t *p, pcap_send_queue *queue, int sync)
3473 {
3474 	return (p->sendqueue_transmit_op(p, queue, sync));
3475 }
3476 
3477 int
3478 pcap_setuserbuffer(pcap_t *p, int size)
3479 {
3480 	return (p->setuserbuffer_op(p, size));
3481 }
3482 
3483 int
3484 pcap_live_dump(pcap_t *p, char *filename, int maxsize, int maxpacks)
3485 {
3486 	return (p->live_dump_op(p, filename, maxsize, maxpacks));
3487 }
3488 
3489 int
3490 pcap_live_dump_ended(pcap_t *p, int sync)
3491 {
3492 	return (p->live_dump_ended_op(p, sync));
3493 }
3494 
3495 PAirpcapHandle
3496 pcap_get_airpcap_handle(pcap_t *p)
3497 {
3498 	PAirpcapHandle handle;
3499 
3500 	handle = p->get_airpcap_handle_op(p);
3501 	if (handle == NULL) {
3502 		(void)pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, sizeof(p->errbuf),
3503 		    "This isn't an AirPcap device");
3504 	}
3505 	return (handle);
3506 }
3507 #endif
3508 
3509 /*
3510  * On some platforms, we need to clean up promiscuous or monitor mode
3511  * when we close a device - and we want that to happen even if the
3512  * application just exits without explicitl closing devices.
3513  * On those platforms, we need to register a "close all the pcaps"
3514  * routine to be called when we exit, and need to maintain a list of
3515  * pcaps that need to be closed to clean up modes.
3516  *
3517  * XXX - not thread-safe.
3518  */
3519 
3520 /*
3521  * List of pcaps on which we've done something that needs to be
3522  * cleaned up.
3523  * If there are any such pcaps, we arrange to call "pcap_close_all()"
3524  * when we exit, and have it close all of them.
3525  */
3526 static struct pcap *pcaps_to_close;
3527 
3528 /*
3529  * TRUE if we've already called "atexit()" to cause "pcap_close_all()" to
3530  * be called on exit.
3531  */
3532 static int did_atexit;
3533 
3534 static void
3535 pcap_close_all(void)
3536 {
3537 	struct pcap *handle;
3538 
3539 	while ((handle = pcaps_to_close) != NULL)
3540 		pcap_close(handle);
3541 }
3542 
3543 int
3544 pcap_do_addexit(pcap_t *p)
3545 {
3546 	/*
3547 	 * If we haven't already done so, arrange to have
3548 	 * "pcap_close_all()" called when we exit.
3549 	 */
3550 	if (!did_atexit) {
3551 		if (atexit(pcap_close_all) != 0) {
3552 			/*
3553 			 * "atexit()" failed; let our caller know.
3554 			 */
3555 			strlcpy(p->errbuf, "atexit failed", PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
3556 			return (0);
3557 		}
3558 		did_atexit = 1;
3559 	}
3560 	return (1);
3561 }
3562 
3563 void
3564 pcap_add_to_pcaps_to_close(pcap_t *p)
3565 {
3566 	p->next = pcaps_to_close;
3567 	pcaps_to_close = p;
3568 }
3569 
3570 void
3571 pcap_remove_from_pcaps_to_close(pcap_t *p)
3572 {
3573 	pcap_t *pc, *prevpc;
3574 
3575 	for (pc = pcaps_to_close, prevpc = NULL; pc != NULL;
3576 	    prevpc = pc, pc = pc->next) {
3577 		if (pc == p) {
3578 			/*
3579 			 * Found it.  Remove it from the list.
3580 			 */
3581 			if (prevpc == NULL) {
3582 				/*
3583 				 * It was at the head of the list.
3584 				 */
3585 				pcaps_to_close = pc->next;
3586 			} else {
3587 				/*
3588 				 * It was in the middle of the list.
3589 				 */
3590 				prevpc->next = pc->next;
3591 			}
3592 			break;
3593 		}
3594 	}
3595 }
3596 
3597 void
3598 pcap_cleanup_live_common(pcap_t *p)
3599 {
3600 	if (p->buffer != NULL) {
3601 		free(p->buffer);
3602 		p->buffer = NULL;
3603 	}
3604 	if (p->dlt_list != NULL) {
3605 		free(p->dlt_list);
3606 		p->dlt_list = NULL;
3607 		p->dlt_count = 0;
3608 	}
3609 	if (p->tstamp_type_list != NULL) {
3610 		free(p->tstamp_type_list);
3611 		p->tstamp_type_list = NULL;
3612 		p->tstamp_type_count = 0;
3613 	}
3614 	if (p->tstamp_precision_list != NULL) {
3615 		free(p->tstamp_precision_list);
3616 		p->tstamp_precision_list = NULL;
3617 		p->tstamp_precision_count = 0;
3618 	}
3619 	pcap_freecode(&p->fcode);
3620 #if !defined(_WIN32) && !defined(MSDOS)
3621 	if (p->fd >= 0) {
3622 		close(p->fd);
3623 		p->fd = -1;
3624 	}
3625 	p->selectable_fd = -1;
3626 #endif
3627 }
3628 
3629 /*
3630  * API compatible with WinPcap's "send a packet" routine - returns -1
3631  * on error, 0 otherwise.
3632  *
3633  * XXX - what if we get a short write?
3634  */
3635 int
3636 pcap_sendpacket(pcap_t *p, const u_char *buf, int size)
3637 {
3638 	if (p->inject_op(p, buf, size) == -1)
3639 		return (-1);
3640 	return (0);
3641 }
3642 
3643 /*
3644  * API compatible with OpenBSD's "send a packet" routine - returns -1 on
3645  * error, number of bytes written otherwise.
3646  */
3647 int
3648 pcap_inject(pcap_t *p, const void *buf, size_t size)
3649 {
3650 	return (p->inject_op(p, buf, size));
3651 }
3652 
3653 void
3654 pcap_close(pcap_t *p)
3655 {
3656 	if (p->opt.device != NULL)
3657 		free(p->opt.device);
3658 	p->cleanup_op(p);
3659 	free(p);
3660 }
3661 
3662 /*
3663  * Given a BPF program, a pcap_pkthdr structure for a packet, and the raw
3664  * data for the packet, check whether the packet passes the filter.
3665  * Returns the return value of the filter program, which will be zero if
3666  * the packet doesn't pass and non-zero if the packet does pass.
3667  */
3668 int
3669 pcap_offline_filter(const struct bpf_program *fp, const struct pcap_pkthdr *h,
3670     const u_char *pkt)
3671 {
3672 	const struct bpf_insn *fcode = fp->bf_insns;
3673 
3674 	if (fcode != NULL)
3675 		return (bpf_filter(fcode, pkt, h->len, h->caplen));
3676 	else
3677 		return (0);
3678 }
3679 
3680 static int
3681 pcap_can_set_rfmon_dead(pcap_t *p)
3682 {
3683 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3684 	    "Rfmon mode doesn't apply on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3685 	return (PCAP_ERROR);
3686 }
3687 
3688 static int
3689 pcap_read_dead(pcap_t *p, int cnt _U_, pcap_handler callback _U_,
3690     u_char *user _U_)
3691 {
3692 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3693 	    "Packets aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3694 	return (-1);
3695 }
3696 
3697 static int
3698 pcap_inject_dead(pcap_t *p, const void *buf _U_, size_t size _U_)
3699 {
3700 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3701 	    "Packets can't be sent on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3702 	return (-1);
3703 }
3704 
3705 static int
3706 pcap_setfilter_dead(pcap_t *p, struct bpf_program *fp _U_)
3707 {
3708 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3709 	    "A filter cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3710 	return (-1);
3711 }
3712 
3713 static int
3714 pcap_setdirection_dead(pcap_t *p, pcap_direction_t d _U_)
3715 {
3716 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3717 	    "The packet direction cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3718 	return (-1);
3719 }
3720 
3721 static int
3722 pcap_set_datalink_dead(pcap_t *p, int dlt _U_)
3723 {
3724 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3725 	    "The link-layer header type cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3726 	return (-1);
3727 }
3728 
3729 static int
3730 pcap_getnonblock_dead(pcap_t *p)
3731 {
3732 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3733 	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t does not have a non-blocking mode setting");
3734 	return (-1);
3735 }
3736 
3737 static int
3738 pcap_setnonblock_dead(pcap_t *p, int nonblock _U_)
3739 {
3740 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3741 	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t does not have a non-blocking mode setting");
3742 	return (-1);
3743 }
3744 
3745 static int
3746 pcap_stats_dead(pcap_t *p, struct pcap_stat *ps _U_)
3747 {
3748 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3749 	    "Statistics aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3750 	return (-1);
3751 }
3752 
3753 #ifdef _WIN32
3754 struct pcap_stat *
3755 pcap_stats_ex_dead(pcap_t *p, int *pcap_stat_size _U_)
3756 {
3757 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3758 	    "Statistics aren't available from a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3759 	return (NULL);
3760 }
3761 
3762 static int
3763 pcap_setbuff_dead(pcap_t *p, int dim)
3764 {
3765 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3766 	    "The kernel buffer size cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3767 	return (-1);
3768 }
3769 
3770 static int
3771 pcap_setmode_dead(pcap_t *p, int mode)
3772 {
3773 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3774 	    "impossible to set mode on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3775 	return (-1);
3776 }
3777 
3778 static int
3779 pcap_setmintocopy_dead(pcap_t *p, int size)
3780 {
3781 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3782 	    "The mintocopy parameter cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3783 	return (-1);
3784 }
3785 
3786 static HANDLE
3787 pcap_getevent_dead(pcap_t *p)
3788 {
3789 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3790 	    "A pcap_open_dead pcap_t has no event handle");
3791 	return (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
3792 }
3793 
3794 static int
3795 pcap_oid_get_request_dead(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_, void *data _U_,
3796     size_t *lenp _U_)
3797 {
3798 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3799 	    "An OID get request cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3800 	return (PCAP_ERROR);
3801 }
3802 
3803 static int
3804 pcap_oid_set_request_dead(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 oid _U_, const void *data _U_,
3805     size_t *lenp _U_)
3806 {
3807 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3808 	    "An OID set request cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3809 	return (PCAP_ERROR);
3810 }
3811 
3812 static u_int
3813 pcap_sendqueue_transmit_dead(pcap_t *p, pcap_send_queue *queue, int sync)
3814 {
3815 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3816 	    "Packets cannot be transmitted on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3817 	return (0);
3818 }
3819 
3820 static int
3821 pcap_setuserbuffer_dead(pcap_t *p, int size)
3822 {
3823 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3824 	    "The user buffer cannot be set on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3825 	return (-1);
3826 }
3827 
3828 static int
3829 pcap_live_dump_dead(pcap_t *p, char *filename, int maxsize, int maxpacks)
3830 {
3831 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3832 	    "Live packet dumping cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3833 	return (-1);
3834 }
3835 
3836 static int
3837 pcap_live_dump_ended_dead(pcap_t *p, int sync)
3838 {
3839 	pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
3840 	    "Live packet dumping cannot be performed on a pcap_open_dead pcap_t");
3841 	return (-1);
3842 }
3843 
3844 static PAirpcapHandle
3845 pcap_get_airpcap_handle_dead(pcap_t *p)
3846 {
3847 	return (NULL);
3848 }
3849 #endif /* _WIN32 */
3850 
3851 static void
3852 pcap_cleanup_dead(pcap_t *p _U_)
3853 {
3854 	/* Nothing to do. */
3855 }
3856 
3857 pcap_t *
3858 pcap_open_dead_with_tstamp_precision(int linktype, int snaplen, u_int precision)
3859 {
3860 	pcap_t *p;
3861 
3862 	switch (precision) {
3863 
3864 	case PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO:
3865 	case PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_NANO:
3866 		break;
3867 
3868 	default:
3869 		/*
3870 		 * This doesn't really matter, but we don't have any way
3871 		 * to report particular errors, so the only failure we
3872 		 * should have is a memory allocation failure.  Just
3873 		 * pick microsecond precision.
3874 		 */
3875 		precision = PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO;
3876 		break;
3877 	}
3878 	p = malloc(sizeof(*p));
3879 	if (p == NULL)
3880 		return NULL;
3881 	memset (p, 0, sizeof(*p));
3882 	p->snapshot = snaplen;
3883 	p->linktype = linktype;
3884 	p->opt.tstamp_precision = precision;
3885 	p->can_set_rfmon_op = pcap_can_set_rfmon_dead;
3886 	p->read_op = pcap_read_dead;
3887 	p->inject_op = pcap_inject_dead;
3888 	p->setfilter_op = pcap_setfilter_dead;
3889 	p->setdirection_op = pcap_setdirection_dead;
3890 	p->set_datalink_op = pcap_set_datalink_dead;
3891 	p->getnonblock_op = pcap_getnonblock_dead;
3892 	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_dead;
3893 	p->stats_op = pcap_stats_dead;
3894 #ifdef _WIN32
3895 	p->stats_ex_op = pcap_stats_ex_dead;
3896 	p->setbuff_op = pcap_setbuff_dead;
3897 	p->setmode_op = pcap_setmode_dead;
3898 	p->setmintocopy_op = pcap_setmintocopy_dead;
3899 	p->getevent_op = pcap_getevent_dead;
3900 	p->oid_get_request_op = pcap_oid_get_request_dead;
3901 	p->oid_set_request_op = pcap_oid_set_request_dead;
3902 	p->sendqueue_transmit_op = pcap_sendqueue_transmit_dead;
3903 	p->setuserbuffer_op = pcap_setuserbuffer_dead;
3904 	p->live_dump_op = pcap_live_dump_dead;
3905 	p->live_dump_ended_op = pcap_live_dump_ended_dead;
3906 	p->get_airpcap_handle_op = pcap_get_airpcap_handle_dead;
3907 #endif
3908 	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_dead;
3909 
3910 	/*
3911 	 * A "dead" pcap_t never requires special BPF code generation.
3912 	 */
3913 	p->bpf_codegen_flags = 0;
3914 
3915 	p->activated = 1;
3916 	return (p);
3917 }
3918 
3919 pcap_t *
3920 pcap_open_dead(int linktype, int snaplen)
3921 {
3922 	return (pcap_open_dead_with_tstamp_precision(linktype, snaplen,
3923 	    PCAP_TSTAMP_PRECISION_MICRO));
3924 }
3925 
3926 #ifdef YYDEBUG
3927 /*
3928  * Set the internal "debug printout" flag for the filter expression parser.
3929  * The code to print that stuff is present only if YYDEBUG is defined, so
3930  * the flag, and the routine to set it, are defined only if YYDEBUG is
3931  * defined.
3932  *
3933  * This is intended for libpcap developers, not for general use.
3934  * If you want to set these in a program, you'll have to declare this
3935  * routine yourself, with the appropriate DLL import attribute on Windows;
3936  * it's not declared in any header file, and won't be declared in any
3937  * header file provided by libpcap.
3938  */
3939 PCAP_API void pcap_set_parser_debug(int value);
3940 
3941 PCAP_API_DEF void
3942 pcap_set_parser_debug(int value)
3943 {
3944 	pcap_debug = value;
3945 }
3946 #endif
3947