xref: /freebsd/contrib/libpcap/pcap-dlpi.c (revision f6a3b357e9be4c6423c85eff9a847163a0d307c8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  *
21  * This code contributed by Atanu Ghosh (atanu@cs.ucl.ac.uk),
22  * University College London, and subsequently modified by
23  * Guy Harris (guy@alum.mit.edu), Mark Pizzolato
24  * <List-tcpdump-workers@subscriptions.pizzolato.net>,
25  * Mark C. Brown (mbrown@hp.com), and Sagun Shakya <Sagun.Shakya@Sun.COM>.
26  */
27 
28 /*
29  * Packet capture routine for DLPI under SunOS 5, HP-UX 9/10/11, and AIX.
30  *
31  * Notes:
32  *
33  *    - The DLIOCRAW ioctl() is specific to SunOS.
34  *
35  *    - There is a bug in bufmod(7) such that setting the snapshot
36  *      length results in data being left of the front of the packet.
37  *
38  *    - It might be desirable to use pfmod(7) to filter packets in the
39  *      kernel when possible.
40  *
41  *    - An older version of the HP-UX DLPI Programmer's Guide, which
42  *      I think was advertised as the 10.20 version, used to be available
43  *      at
44  *
45  *            http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/B2355-90093/B2355-90093.html
46  *
47  *      but is no longer available; it can still be found at
48  *
49  *            http://h21007.www2.hp.com/dspp/files/unprotected/Drivers/Docs/Refs/B2355-90093.pdf
50  *
51  *      in PDF form.
52  *
53  *    - The HP-UX 10.x, 11.0, and 11i v1.6 version of the HP-UX DLPI
54  *      Programmer's Guide, which I think was once advertised as the
55  *      11.00 version is available at
56  *
57  *            http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90139/index.html
58  *
59  *    - The HP-UX 11i v2 version of the HP-UX DLPI Programmer's Guide
60  *      is available at
61  *
62  *            http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90871/index.html
63  *
64  *    - All of the HP documents describe raw-mode services, which are
65  *      what we use if DL_HP_RAWDLS is defined.  XXX - we use __hpux
66  *      in some places to test for HP-UX, but use DL_HP_RAWDLS in
67  *      other places; do we support any versions of HP-UX without
68  *      DL_HP_RAWDLS?
69  */
70 
71 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
72 #include <config.h>
73 #endif
74 
75 #include <sys/types.h>
76 #include <sys/time.h>
77 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
78 #include <sys/bufmod.h>
79 #endif
80 #include <sys/dlpi.h>
81 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_DLPI_EXT_H
82 #include <sys/dlpi_ext.h>
83 #endif
84 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
85 #include <sys/socket.h>
86 #endif
87 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_REQ
88 #include <sys/stat.h>
89 #endif
90 #include <sys/stream.h>
91 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
92 #include <sys/systeminfo.h>
93 #endif
94 
95 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
96 #include <net/if.h>
97 #endif
98 
99 #include <ctype.h>
100 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
101 #include <nlist.h>
102 #endif
103 #include <errno.h>
104 #include <fcntl.h>
105 #include <memory.h>
106 #include <stdio.h>
107 #include <stdlib.h>
108 #include <string.h>
109 #include <stropts.h>
110 #include <unistd.h>
111 
112 #ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
113 #include <limits.h>
114 #else
115 #define INT_MAX		2147483647
116 #endif
117 
118 #include "pcap-int.h"
119 #include "dlpisubs.h"
120 
121 #ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H
122 #include "os-proto.h"
123 #endif
124 
125 #if defined(__hpux)
126   /*
127    * HP-UX has a /dev/dlpi device; you open it and set the PPA of the actual
128    * network device you want.
129    */
130   #define HAVE_DEV_DLPI
131 #elif defined(_AIX)
132   /*
133    * AIX has a /dev/dlpi directory, with devices named after the interfaces
134    * underneath it.
135    */
136   #define PCAP_DEV_PREFIX "/dev/dlpi"
137 #elif defined(HAVE_SOLARIS)
138   /*
139    * Solaris has devices named after the interfaces underneath /dev.
140    */
141   #define PCAP_DEV_PREFIX "/dev"
142 #endif
143 
144 #define	MAXDLBUF	8192
145 
146 /* Forwards */
147 static char *split_dname(char *, u_int *, char *);
148 static int dl_doattach(int, int, char *);
149 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
150 static int dl_dohpuxbind(int, char *);
151 #endif
152 static int dlpromiscon(pcap_t *, bpf_u_int32);
153 static int dlbindreq(int, bpf_u_int32, char *);
154 static int dlbindack(int, char *, char *, int *);
155 static int dlokack(int, const char *, char *, char *);
156 static int dlinforeq(int, char *);
157 static int dlinfoack(int, char *, char *);
158 
159 #ifdef HAVE_DL_PASSIVE_REQ_T
160 static void dlpassive(int, char *);
161 #endif
162 
163 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
164 static int dlrawdatareq(int, const u_char *, int);
165 #endif
166 static int recv_ack(int, int, const char *, char *, char *, int *);
167 static char *dlstrerror(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32);
168 static char *dlprim(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32);
169 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
170 #define GET_RELEASE_BUFSIZE	32
171 static void get_release(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32 *, bpf_u_int32 *,
172     bpf_u_int32 *);
173 #endif
174 static int send_request(int, char *, int, char *, char *);
175 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
176 static int dlpi_kread(int, off_t, void *, u_int, char *);
177 #endif
178 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
179 static int get_dlpi_ppa(int, const char *, u_int, u_int *, char *);
180 #endif
181 
182 /*
183  * Cast a buffer to "union DL_primitives" without provoking warnings
184  * from the compiler.
185  */
186 #define MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(ptr)	((union DL_primitives *)(void *)(ptr))
187 
188 static int
189 pcap_read_dlpi(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
190 {
191 	int cc;
192 	u_char *bp;
193 	int flags;
194 	bpf_u_int32 ctlbuf[MAXDLBUF];
195 	struct strbuf ctl = {
196 		MAXDLBUF,
197 		0,
198 		(char *)ctlbuf
199 	};
200 	struct strbuf data;
201 
202 	flags = 0;
203 	cc = p->cc;
204 	if (cc == 0) {
205 		data.buf = (char *)p->buffer + p->offset;
206 		data.maxlen = p->bufsize;
207 		data.len = 0;
208 		do {
209 			/*
210 			 * Has "pcap_breakloop()" been called?
211 			 */
212 			if (p->break_loop) {
213 				/*
214 				 * Yes - clear the flag that indicates
215 				 * that it has, and return -2 to
216 				 * indicate that we were told to
217 				 * break out of the loop.
218 				 */
219 				p->break_loop = 0;
220 				return (-2);
221 			}
222 			/*
223 			 * XXX - check for the DLPI primitive, which
224 			 * would be DL_HP_RAWDATA_IND on HP-UX
225 			 * if we're in raw mode?
226 			 */
227 			ctl.buf = (char *)ctlbuf;
228 			ctl.maxlen = MAXDLBUF;
229 			ctl.len = 0;
230 			if (getmsg(p->fd, &ctl, &data, &flags) < 0) {
231 				/* Don't choke when we get ptraced */
232 				switch (errno) {
233 
234 				case EINTR:
235 					cc = 0;
236 					continue;
237 
238 				case EAGAIN:
239 					return (0);
240 				}
241 				pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf,
242 				    sizeof(p->errbuf), errno, "getmsg");
243 				return (-1);
244 			}
245 			cc = data.len;
246 		} while (cc == 0);
247 		bp = (u_char *)p->buffer + p->offset;
248 	} else
249 		bp = p->bp;
250 
251 	return (pcap_process_pkts(p, callback, user, cnt, bp, cc));
252 }
253 
254 static int
255 pcap_inject_dlpi(pcap_t *p, const void *buf, size_t size)
256 {
257 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
258 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
259 #endif
260 	int ret;
261 
262 #if defined(DLIOCRAW)
263 	ret = write(p->fd, buf, size);
264 	if (ret == -1) {
265 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
266 		    errno, "send");
267 		return (-1);
268 	}
269 #elif defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
270 	if (pd->send_fd < 0) {
271 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
272 		    "send: Output FD couldn't be opened");
273 		return (-1);
274 	}
275 	ret = dlrawdatareq(pd->send_fd, buf, size);
276 	if (ret == -1) {
277 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
278 		    errno, "send");
279 		return (-1);
280 	}
281 	/*
282 	 * putmsg() returns either 0 or -1; it doesn't indicate how
283 	 * many bytes were written (presumably they were all written
284 	 * or none of them were written).  OpenBSD's pcap_inject()
285 	 * returns the number of bytes written, so, for API compatibility,
286 	 * we return the number of bytes we were told to write.
287 	 */
288 	ret = size;
289 #else /* no raw mode */
290 	/*
291 	 * XXX - this is a pain, because you might have to extract
292 	 * the address from the packet and use it in a DL_UNITDATA_REQ
293 	 * request.  That would be dependent on the link-layer type.
294 	 *
295 	 * I also don't know what SAP you'd have to bind the descriptor
296 	 * to, or whether you'd need separate "receive" and "send" FDs,
297 	 * nor do I know whether you'd need different bindings for
298 	 * D/I/X Ethernet and 802.3, or for {FDDI,Token Ring} plus
299 	 * 802.2 and {FDDI,Token Ring} plus 802.2 plus SNAP.
300 	 *
301 	 * So, for now, we just return a "you can't send" indication,
302 	 * and leave it up to somebody with a DLPI-based system lacking
303 	 * both DLIOCRAW and DL_HP_RAWDLS to supply code to implement
304 	 * packet transmission on that system.  If they do, they should
305 	 * send it to us - but should not send us code that assumes
306 	 * Ethernet; if the code doesn't work on non-Ethernet interfaces,
307 	 * it should check "p->linktype" and reject the send request if
308 	 * it's anything other than DLT_EN10MB.
309 	 */
310 	strlcpy(p->errbuf, "send: Not supported on this version of this OS",
311 	    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
312 	ret = -1;
313 #endif /* raw mode */
314 	return (ret);
315 }
316 
317 #ifndef DL_IPATM
318 #define DL_IPATM	0x12	/* ATM Classical IP interface */
319 #endif
320 
321 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
322 /*
323  * For SunATM.
324  */
325 #ifndef A_GET_UNITS
326 #define A_GET_UNITS	(('A'<<8)|118)
327 #endif /* A_GET_UNITS */
328 #ifndef A_PROMISCON_REQ
329 #define A_PROMISCON_REQ	(('A'<<8)|121)
330 #endif /* A_PROMISCON_REQ */
331 #endif /* HAVE_SOLARIS */
332 
333 static void
334 pcap_cleanup_dlpi(pcap_t *p)
335 {
336 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
337 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
338 
339 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
340 		close(pd->send_fd);
341 		pd->send_fd = -1;
342 	}
343 #endif
344 	pcap_cleanup_live_common(p);
345 }
346 
347 static int
348 open_dlpi_device(const char *name, u_int *ppa, char *errbuf)
349 {
350 	int status;
351 	char dname[100];
352 	char *cp;
353 	int fd;
354 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
355 	u_int unit;
356 #else
357 	char dname2[100];
358 #endif
359 
360 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
361 	/*
362 	** Remove any "/dev/" on the front of the device.
363 	*/
364 	cp = strrchr(name, '/');
365 	if (cp == NULL)
366 		strlcpy(dname, name, sizeof(dname));
367 	else
368 		strlcpy(dname, cp + 1, sizeof(dname));
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * Split the device name into a device type name and a unit number;
372 	 * chop off the unit number, so "dname" is just a device type name.
373 	 */
374 	cp = split_dname(dname, &unit, errbuf);
375 	if (cp == NULL)
376 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
377 	*cp = '\0';
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * Use "/dev/dlpi" as the device.
381 	 *
382 	 * XXX - HP's DLPI Programmer's Guide for HP-UX 11.00 says that
383 	 * the "dl_mjr_num" field is for the "major number of interface
384 	 * driver"; that's the major of "/dev/dlpi" on the system on
385 	 * which I tried this, but there may be DLPI devices that
386 	 * use a different driver, in which case we may need to
387 	 * search "/dev" for the appropriate device with that major
388 	 * device number, rather than hardwiring "/dev/dlpi".
389 	 */
390 	cp = "/dev/dlpi";
391 	if ((fd = open(cp, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
392 		if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
393 			status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
394 		else
395 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
396 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
397 		    errno, "%s", cp);
398 		return (status);
399 	}
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * Get a table of all PPAs for that device, and search that
403 	 * table for the specified device type name and unit number.
404 	 */
405 	status = get_dlpi_ppa(fd, dname, unit, ppa, errbuf);
406 	if (status < 0) {
407 		close(fd);
408 		return (status);
409 	}
410 #else
411 	/*
412 	 * If the device name begins with "/", assume it begins with
413 	 * the pathname of the directory containing the device to open;
414 	 * otherwise, concatenate the device directory name and the
415 	 * device name.
416 	 */
417 	if (*name == '/')
418 		strlcpy(dname, name, sizeof(dname));
419 	else
420 		pcap_snprintf(dname, sizeof(dname), "%s/%s", PCAP_DEV_PREFIX,
421 		    name);
422 
423 	/*
424 	 * Get the unit number, and a pointer to the end of the device
425 	 * type name.
426 	 */
427 	cp = split_dname(dname, ppa, errbuf);
428 	if (cp == NULL)
429 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * Make a copy of the device pathname, and then remove the unit
433 	 * number from the device pathname.
434 	 */
435 	strlcpy(dname2, dname, sizeof(dname));
436 	*cp = '\0';
437 
438 	/* Try device without unit number */
439 	if ((fd = open(dname, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
440 		if (errno != ENOENT) {
441 			if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
442 				status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
443 			else
444 				status = PCAP_ERROR;
445 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
446 			    errno, "%s", dname);
447 			return (status);
448 		}
449 
450 		/* Try again with unit number */
451 		if ((fd = open(dname2, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
452 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
453 				status = PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE;
454 
455 				/*
456 				 * We provide an error message even
457 				 * for this error, for diagnostic
458 				 * purposes (so that, for example,
459 				 * the app can show the message if the
460 				 * user requests it).
461 				 *
462 				 * In it, we just report "No DLPI device
463 				 * found" with the device name, so people
464 				 * don't get confused and think, for example,
465 				 * that if they can't capture on "lo0"
466 				 * on Solaris prior to Solaris 11 the fix
467 				 * is to change libpcap (or the application
468 				 * that uses it) to look for something other
469 				 * than "/dev/lo0", as the fix is to use
470 				 * Solaris 11 or some operating system
471 				 * other than Solaris - you just *can't*
472 				 * capture on a loopback interface
473 				 * on Solaris prior to Solaris 11, the lack
474 				 * of a DLPI device for the loopback
475 				 * interface is just a symptom of that
476 				 * inability.
477 				 */
478 				pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
479 				    "%s: No DLPI device found", name);
480 			} else {
481 				if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
482 					status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
483 				else
484 					status = PCAP_ERROR;
485 				pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf,
486 				    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, errno, "%s", dname2);
487 			}
488 			return (status);
489 		}
490 		/* XXX Assume unit zero */
491 		*ppa = 0;
492 	}
493 #endif
494 	return (fd);
495 }
496 
497 static int
498 pcap_activate_dlpi(pcap_t *p)
499 {
500 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
501 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
502 #endif
503 	int status = 0;
504 	int retv;
505 	u_int ppa;
506 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
507 	int isatm = 0;
508 #endif
509 	register dl_info_ack_t *infop;
510 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
511 	bpf_u_int32 ss;
512 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
513 	char release[GET_RELEASE_BUFSIZE];
514 	bpf_u_int32 osmajor, osminor, osmicro;
515 #endif
516 #endif
517 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
518 
519 	p->fd = open_dlpi_device(p->opt.device, &ppa, p->errbuf);
520 	if (p->fd < 0) {
521 		status = p->fd;
522 		goto bad;
523 	}
524 
525 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
526 	/*
527 	 * XXX - HP-UX 10.20 and 11.xx don't appear to support sending and
528 	 * receiving packets on the same descriptor - you need separate
529 	 * descriptors for sending and receiving, bound to different SAPs.
530 	 *
531 	 * If the open fails, we just leave -1 in "pd->send_fd" and reject
532 	 * attempts to send packets, just as if, in pcap-bpf.c, we fail
533 	 * to open the BPF device for reading and writing, we just try
534 	 * to open it for reading only and, if that succeeds, just let
535 	 * the send attempts fail.
536 	 */
537 	pd->send_fd = open("/dev/dlpi", O_RDWR);
538 #endif
539 
540 	/*
541 	** Attach if "style 2" provider
542 	*/
543 	if (dlinforeq(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
544 	    dlinfoack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf) < 0) {
545 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
546 		goto bad;
547 	}
548 	infop = &(MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf))->info_ack;
549 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
550 	if (infop->dl_mac_type == DL_IPATM)
551 		isatm = 1;
552 #endif
553 	if (infop->dl_provider_style == DL_STYLE2) {
554 		retv = dl_doattach(p->fd, ppa, p->errbuf);
555 		if (retv < 0) {
556 			status = retv;
557 			goto bad;
558 		}
559 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
560 		if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
561 			retv = dl_doattach(pd->send_fd, ppa, p->errbuf);
562 			if (retv < 0) {
563 				status = retv;
564 				goto bad;
565 			}
566 		}
567 #endif
568 	}
569 
570 	if (p->opt.rfmon) {
571 		/*
572 		 * This device exists, but we don't support monitor mode
573 		 * any platforms that support DLPI.
574 		 */
575 		status = PCAP_ERROR_RFMON_NOTSUP;
576 		goto bad;
577 	}
578 
579 #ifdef HAVE_DL_PASSIVE_REQ_T
580 	/*
581 	 * Enable Passive mode to be able to capture on aggregated link.
582 	 * Not supported in all Solaris versions.
583 	 */
584 	dlpassive(p->fd, p->errbuf);
585 #endif
586 	/*
587 	** Bind (defer if using HP-UX 9 or HP-UX 10.20 or later, totally
588 	** skip if using SINIX)
589 	*/
590 #if !defined(HAVE_HPUX9) && !defined(HAVE_HPUX10_20_OR_LATER) && !defined(sinix)
591 #ifdef _AIX
592 	/*
593 	** AIX.
594 	** According to IBM's AIX Support Line, the dl_sap value
595 	** should not be less than 0x600 (1536) for standard Ethernet.
596 	** However, we seem to get DL_BADADDR - "DLSAP addr in improper
597 	** format or invalid" - errors if we use 1537 on the "tr0"
598 	** device, which, given that its name starts with "tr" and that
599 	** it's IBM, probably means a Token Ring device.  (Perhaps we
600 	** need to use 1537 on "/dev/dlpi/en" because that device is for
601 	** D/I/X Ethernet, the "SAP" is actually an Ethernet type, and
602 	** it rejects invalid Ethernet types.)
603 	**
604 	** So if 1537 fails, we try 2, as Hyung Sik Yoon of IBM Korea
605 	** says that works on Token Ring (he says that 0 does *not*
606 	** work; perhaps that's considered an invalid LLC SAP value - I
607 	** assume the SAP value in a DLPI bind is an LLC SAP for network
608 	** types that use 802.2 LLC).
609 	*/
610 	if ((dlbindreq(p->fd, 1537, p->errbuf) < 0 &&
611 	     dlbindreq(p->fd, 2, p->errbuf) < 0) ||
612 	     dlbindack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf, NULL) < 0) {
613 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
614 		goto bad;
615 	}
616 #elif defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
617 	/*
618 	** HP-UX 10.0x and 10.1x.
619 	*/
620 	if (dl_dohpuxbind(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
621 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
622 		goto bad;
623 	}
624 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
625 		/*
626 		** XXX - if this fails, just close send_fd and
627 		** set it to -1, so that you can't send but can
628 		** still receive?
629 		*/
630 		if (dl_dohpuxbind(pd->send_fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
631 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
632 			goto bad;
633 		}
634 	}
635 #else /* neither AIX nor HP-UX */
636 	/*
637 	** Not Sinix, and neither AIX nor HP-UX - Solaris, and any other
638 	** OS using DLPI.
639 	**/
640 	if (dlbindreq(p->fd, 0, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
641 	    dlbindack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf, NULL) < 0) {
642 	    	status = PCAP_ERROR;
643 		goto bad;
644 	}
645 #endif /* AIX vs. HP-UX vs. other */
646 #endif /* !HP-UX 9 and !HP-UX 10.20 or later and !SINIX */
647 
648 	/*
649 	 * Turn a negative snapshot value (invalid), a snapshot value of
650 	 * 0 (unspecified), or a value bigger than the normal maximum
651 	 * value, into the maximum allowed value.
652 	 *
653 	 * If some application really *needs* a bigger snapshot
654 	 * length, we should just increase MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN.
655 	 */
656 	if (p->snapshot <= 0 || p->snapshot > MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN)
657 		p->snapshot = MAXIMUM_SNAPLEN;
658 
659 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
660 	if (isatm) {
661 		/*
662 		** Have to turn on some special ATM promiscuous mode
663 		** for SunATM.
664 		** Do *NOT* turn regular promiscuous mode on; it doesn't
665 		** help, and may break things.
666 		*/
667 		if (strioctl(p->fd, A_PROMISCON_REQ, 0, NULL) < 0) {
668 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
669 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
670 			    errno, "A_PROMISCON_REQ");
671 			goto bad;
672 		}
673 	} else
674 #endif
675 	if (p->opt.promisc) {
676 		/*
677 		** Enable promiscuous (not necessary on send FD)
678 		*/
679 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_PHYS);
680 		if (retv < 0) {
681 			if (retv == PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED)
682 				status = PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED;
683 			else
684 				status = retv;
685 			goto bad;
686 		}
687 
688 		/*
689 		** Try to enable multicast (you would have thought
690 		** promiscuous would be sufficient). (Skip if using
691 		** HP-UX or SINIX) (Not necessary on send FD)
692 		*/
693 #if !defined(__hpux) && !defined(sinix)
694 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_MULTI);
695 		if (retv < 0)
696 			status = PCAP_WARNING;
697 #endif
698 	}
699 	/*
700 	** Try to enable SAP promiscuity (when not in promiscuous mode
701 	** when using HP-UX, when not doing SunATM on Solaris, and never
702 	** under SINIX) (Not necessary on send FD)
703 	*/
704 #ifndef sinix
705 #if defined(__hpux)
706 	/* HP-UX - only do this when not in promiscuous mode */
707 	if (!p->opt.promisc) {
708 #elif defined(HAVE_SOLARIS)
709 	/* Solaris - don't do this on SunATM devices */
710 	if (!isatm) {
711 #else
712 	/* Everything else (except for SINIX) - always do this */
713 	{
714 #endif
715 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_SAP);
716 		if (retv < 0) {
717 			if (p->opt.promisc) {
718 				/*
719 				 * Not fatal, since the DL_PROMISC_PHYS mode
720 				 * worked.
721 				 *
722 				 * Report it as a warning, however.
723 				 */
724 				status = PCAP_WARNING;
725 			} else {
726 				/*
727 				 * Fatal.
728 				 */
729 				status = retv;
730 				goto bad;
731 			}
732 		}
733 	}
734 #endif /* sinix */
735 
736 	/*
737 	** HP-UX 9, and HP-UX 10.20 or later, must bind after setting
738 	** promiscuous options.
739 	*/
740 #if defined(HAVE_HPUX9) || defined(HAVE_HPUX10_20_OR_LATER)
741 	if (dl_dohpuxbind(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
742 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
743 		goto bad;
744 	}
745 	/*
746 	** We don't set promiscuous mode on the send FD, but we'll defer
747 	** binding it anyway, just to keep the HP-UX 9/10.20 or later
748 	** code together.
749 	*/
750 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
751 		/*
752 		** XXX - if this fails, just close send_fd and
753 		** set it to -1, so that you can't send but can
754 		** still receive?
755 		*/
756 		if (dl_dohpuxbind(pd->send_fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
757 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
758 			goto bad;
759 		}
760 	}
761 #endif
762 
763 	/*
764 	** Determine link type
765 	** XXX - get SAP length and address length as well, for use
766 	** when sending packets.
767 	*/
768 	if (dlinforeq(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
769 	    dlinfoack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf) < 0) {
770 	    	status = PCAP_ERROR;
771 		goto bad;
772 	}
773 
774 	infop = &(MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf))->info_ack;
775 	if (pcap_process_mactype(p, infop->dl_mac_type) != 0) {
776 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
777 		goto bad;
778 	}
779 
780 #ifdef	DLIOCRAW
781 	/*
782 	** This is a non standard SunOS hack to get the full raw link-layer
783 	** header.
784 	*/
785 	if (strioctl(p->fd, DLIOCRAW, 0, NULL) < 0) {
786 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
787 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
788 		    errno, "DLIOCRAW");
789 		goto bad;
790 	}
791 #endif
792 
793 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
794 	ss = p->snapshot;
795 
796 	/*
797 	** There is a bug in bufmod(7). When dealing with messages of
798 	** less than snaplen size it strips data from the beginning not
799 	** the end.
800 	**
801 	** This bug is fixed in 5.3.2. Also, there is a patch available.
802 	** Ask for bugid 1149065.
803 	*/
804 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
805 	get_release(release, sizeof (release), &osmajor, &osminor, &osmicro);
806 	if (osmajor == 5 && (osminor <= 2 || (osminor == 3 && osmicro < 2)) &&
807 	    getenv("BUFMOD_FIXED") == NULL) {
808 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
809 		"WARNING: bufmod is broken in SunOS %s; ignoring snaplen.",
810 		    release);
811 		ss = 0;
812 		status = PCAP_WARNING;
813 	}
814 #endif
815 
816 	/* Push and configure bufmod. */
817 	if (pcap_conf_bufmod(p, ss) != 0) {
818 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
819 		goto bad;
820 	}
821 #endif
822 
823 	/*
824 	** As the last operation flush the read side.
825 	*/
826 	if (ioctl(p->fd, I_FLUSH, FLUSHR) != 0) {
827 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
828 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
829 		    errno, "FLUSHR");
830 		goto bad;
831 	}
832 
833 	/* Allocate data buffer. */
834 	if (pcap_alloc_databuf(p) != 0) {
835 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
836 		goto bad;
837 	}
838 
839 	/*
840 	 * Success.
841 	 *
842 	 * "p->fd" is an FD for a STREAMS device, so "select()" and
843 	 * "poll()" should work on it.
844 	 */
845 	p->selectable_fd = p->fd;
846 
847 	p->read_op = pcap_read_dlpi;
848 	p->inject_op = pcap_inject_dlpi;
849 	p->setfilter_op = install_bpf_program;	/* no kernel filtering */
850 	p->setdirection_op = NULL;	/* Not implemented.*/
851 	p->set_datalink_op = NULL;	/* can't change data link type */
852 	p->getnonblock_op = pcap_getnonblock_fd;
853 	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_fd;
854 	p->stats_op = pcap_stats_dlpi;
855 	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_dlpi;
856 
857 	return (status);
858 bad:
859 	pcap_cleanup_dlpi(p);
860 	return (status);
861 }
862 
863 /*
864  * Split a device name into a device type name and a unit number;
865  * return the a pointer to the beginning of the unit number, which
866  * is the end of the device type name, and set "*unitp" to the unit
867  * number.
868  *
869  * Returns NULL on error, and fills "ebuf" with an error message.
870  */
871 static char *
872 split_dname(char *device, u_int *unitp, char *ebuf)
873 {
874 	char *cp;
875 	char *eos;
876 	long unit;
877 
878 	/*
879 	 * Look for a number at the end of the device name string.
880 	 */
881 	cp = device + strlen(device) - 1;
882 	if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') {
883 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s missing unit number",
884 		    device);
885 		return (NULL);
886 	}
887 
888 	/* Digits at end of string are unit number */
889 	while (cp-1 >= device && *(cp-1) >= '0' && *(cp-1) <= '9')
890 		cp--;
891 
892 	errno = 0;
893 	unit = strtol(cp, &eos, 10);
894 	if (*eos != '\0') {
895 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s bad unit number", device);
896 		return (NULL);
897 	}
898 	if (errno == ERANGE || unit > INT_MAX) {
899 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s unit number too large",
900 		    device);
901 		return (NULL);
902 	}
903 	if (unit < 0) {
904 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s unit number is negative",
905 		    device);
906 		return (NULL);
907 	}
908 	*unitp = (u_int)unit;
909 	return (cp);
910 }
911 
912 static int
913 dl_doattach(int fd, int ppa, char *ebuf)
914 {
915 	dl_attach_req_t	req;
916 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
917 	int err;
918 
919 	req.dl_primitive = DL_ATTACH_REQ;
920 	req.dl_ppa = ppa;
921 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "attach", ebuf) < 0)
922 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
923 
924 	err = dlokack(fd, "attach", (char *)buf, ebuf);
925 	if (err < 0)
926 		return (err);
927 	return (0);
928 }
929 
930 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
931 static int
932 dl_dohpuxbind(int fd, char *ebuf)
933 {
934 	int hpsap;
935 	int uerror;
936 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
937 
938 	/*
939 	 * XXX - we start at 22 because we used to use only 22, but
940 	 * that was just because that was the value used in some
941 	 * sample code from HP.  With what value *should* we start?
942 	 * Does it matter, given that we're enabling SAP promiscuity
943 	 * on the input FD?
944 	 */
945 	hpsap = 22;
946 	for (;;) {
947 		if (dlbindreq(fd, hpsap, ebuf) < 0)
948 			return (-1);
949 		if (dlbindack(fd, (char *)buf, ebuf, &uerror) >= 0)
950 			break;
951 		/*
952 		 * For any error other than a UNIX EBUSY, give up.
953 		 */
954 		if (uerror != EBUSY) {
955 			/*
956 			 * dlbindack() has already filled in ebuf for
957 			 * this error.
958 			 */
959 			return (-1);
960 		}
961 
962 		/*
963 		 * For EBUSY, try the next SAP value; that means that
964 		 * somebody else is using that SAP.  Clear ebuf so
965 		 * that application doesn't report the "Device busy"
966 		 * error as a warning.
967 		 */
968 		*ebuf = '\0';
969 		hpsap++;
970 		if (hpsap > 100) {
971 			strlcpy(ebuf,
972 			    "All SAPs from 22 through 100 are in use",
973 			    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
974 			return (-1);
975 		}
976 	}
977 	return (0);
978 }
979 #endif
980 
981 #define STRINGIFY(n)	#n
982 
983 static int
984 dlpromiscon(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 level)
985 {
986 	dl_promiscon_req_t req;
987 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
988 	int err;
989 
990 	req.dl_primitive = DL_PROMISCON_REQ;
991 	req.dl_level = level;
992 	if (send_request(p->fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "promiscon",
993 	    p->errbuf) < 0)
994 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
995 	err = dlokack(p->fd, "promiscon" STRINGIFY(level), (char *)buf,
996 	    p->errbuf);
997 	if (err < 0)
998 		return (err);
999 	return (0);
1000 }
1001 
1002 /*
1003  * Not all interfaces are DLPI interfaces, and thus not all interfaces
1004  * can be opened with DLPI (for example, the loopback interface is not
1005  * a DLPI interface on Solaris prior to Solaris 11), so try to open
1006  * the specified interface; return 0 if we fail with PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE
1007  * and 1 otherwise.
1008  */
1009 static int
1010 is_dlpi_interface(const char *name)
1011 {
1012 	int fd;
1013 	u_int ppa;
1014 	char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1015 
1016 	fd = open_dlpi_device(name, &ppa, errbuf);
1017 	if (fd < 0) {
1018 		/*
1019 		 * Error - was it PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE?
1020 		 */
1021 		if (fd == PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE) {
1022 			/*
1023 			 * Yes, so we can't open this because it's
1024 			 * not a DLPI interface.
1025 			 */
1026 			return (0);
1027 		}
1028 		/*
1029 		 * No, so, in the case where there's a single DLPI
1030 		 * device for all interfaces of this type ("style
1031 		 * 2" providers?), we don't know whether it's a DLPI
1032 		 * interface or not, as we didn't try an attach.
1033 		 * Say it is a DLPI device, so that the user can at
1034 		 * least try to open it and report the error (which
1035 		 * is probably "you don't have permission to open that
1036 		 * DLPI device"; reporting those interfaces means
1037 		 * users will ask "why am I getting a permissions error
1038 		 * when I try to capture" rather than "why am I not
1039 		 * seeing any interfaces", making the underlying problem
1040 		 * clearer).
1041 		 */
1042 		return (1);
1043 	}
1044 
1045 	/*
1046 	 * Success.
1047 	 */
1048 	close(fd);
1049 	return (1);
1050 }
1051 
1052 static int
1053 get_if_flags(const char *name _U_, bpf_u_int32 *flags _U_, char *errbuf _U_)
1054 {
1055 	/*
1056 	 * Nothing we can do other than mark loopback devices as "the
1057 	 * connected/disconnected status doesn't apply".
1058 	 *
1059 	 * XXX - on Solaris, can we do what the dladm command does,
1060 	 * i.e. get a connected/disconnected indication from a kstat?
1061 	 * (Note that you can also get the link speed, and possibly
1062 	 * other information, from a kstat as well.)
1063 	 */
1064 	if (*flags & PCAP_IF_LOOPBACK) {
1065 		/*
1066 		 * Loopback devices aren't wireless, and "connected"/
1067 		 * "disconnected" doesn't apply to them.
1068 		 */
1069 		*flags |= PCAP_IF_CONNECTION_STATUS_NOT_APPLICABLE;
1070 		return (0);
1071 	}
1072 	return (0);
1073 }
1074 
1075 int
1076 pcap_platform_finddevs(pcap_if_list_t *devlistp, char *errbuf)
1077 {
1078 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
1079 	int fd;
1080 	union {
1081 		u_int nunits;
1082 		char pad[516];	/* XXX - must be at least 513; is 516
1083 				   in "atmgetunits" */
1084 	} buf;
1085 	char baname[2+1+1];
1086 	u_int i;
1087 #endif
1088 
1089 	/*
1090 	 * Get the list of regular interfaces first.
1091 	 */
1092 	if (pcap_findalldevs_interfaces(devlistp, errbuf, is_dlpi_interface,
1093 	    get_if_flags) == -1)
1094 		return (-1);	/* failure */
1095 
1096 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
1097 	/*
1098 	 * We may have to do special magic to get ATM devices.
1099 	 */
1100 	if ((fd = open("/dev/ba", O_RDWR)) < 0) {
1101 		/*
1102 		 * We couldn't open the "ba" device.
1103 		 * For now, just give up; perhaps we should
1104 		 * return an error if the problem is neither
1105 		 * a "that device doesn't exist" error (ENOENT,
1106 		 * ENXIO, etc.) or a "you're not allowed to do
1107 		 * that" error (EPERM, EACCES).
1108 		 */
1109 		return (0);
1110 	}
1111 
1112 	if (strioctl(fd, A_GET_UNITS, sizeof(buf), (char *)&buf) < 0) {
1113 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1114 		    errno, "A_GET_UNITS");
1115 		return (-1);
1116 	}
1117 	for (i = 0; i < buf.nunits; i++) {
1118 		pcap_snprintf(baname, sizeof baname, "ba%u", i);
1119 		/*
1120 		 * XXX - is there a notion of "up" and "running"?
1121 		 * And is there a way to determine whether the
1122 		 * interface is plugged into a network?
1123 		 */
1124 		if (add_dev(devlistp, baname, 0, NULL, errbuf) == NULL)
1125 			return (-1);
1126 	}
1127 #endif
1128 
1129 	return (0);
1130 }
1131 
1132 static int
1133 send_request(int fd, char *ptr, int len, char *what, char *ebuf)
1134 {
1135 	struct	strbuf	ctl;
1136 	int	flags;
1137 
1138 	ctl.maxlen = 0;
1139 	ctl.len = len;
1140 	ctl.buf = ptr;
1141 
1142 	flags = 0;
1143 	if (putmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *) NULL, flags) < 0) {
1144 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1145 		    errno, "send_request: putmsg \"%s\"", what);
1146 		return (-1);
1147 	}
1148 	return (0);
1149 }
1150 
1151 static int
1152 recv_ack(int fd, int size, const char *what, char *bufp, char *ebuf, int *uerror)
1153 {
1154 	union	DL_primitives	*dlp;
1155 	struct	strbuf	ctl;
1156 	int	flags;
1157 	char	errmsgbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1158 	char	dlprimbuf[64];
1159 
1160 	/*
1161 	 * Clear out "*uerror", so it's only set for DL_ERROR_ACK/DL_SYSERR,
1162 	 * making that the only place where EBUSY is treated specially.
1163 	 */
1164 	if (uerror != NULL)
1165 		*uerror = 0;
1166 
1167 	ctl.maxlen = MAXDLBUF;
1168 	ctl.len = 0;
1169 	ctl.buf = bufp;
1170 
1171 	flags = 0;
1172 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf*)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1173 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1174 		    errno, "recv_ack: %s getmsg", what);
1175 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1176 	}
1177 
1178 	dlp = MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(ctl.buf);
1179 	switch (dlp->dl_primitive) {
1180 
1181 	case DL_INFO_ACK:
1182 	case DL_BIND_ACK:
1183 	case DL_OK_ACK:
1184 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_ACK
1185 	case DL_HP_PPA_ACK:
1186 #endif
1187 		/* These are OK */
1188 		break;
1189 
1190 	case DL_ERROR_ACK:
1191 		switch (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno) {
1192 
1193 		case DL_SYSERR:
1194 			if (uerror != NULL)
1195 				*uerror = dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno;
1196 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1197 			    dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno,
1198 			    "recv_ack: %s: UNIX error", what);
1199 			if (dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno == EPERM ||
1200 			    dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno == EACCES)
1201 				return (PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED);
1202 			break;
1203 
1204 		default:
1205 			pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1206 			    "recv_ack: %s: %s", what,
1207 			    dlstrerror(errmsgbuf, sizeof (errmsgbuf), dlp->error_ack.dl_errno));
1208 			if (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno == DL_BADPPA)
1209 				return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
1210 			else if (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno == DL_ACCESS)
1211 				return (PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED);
1212 			break;
1213 		}
1214 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1215 
1216 	default:
1217 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1218 		    "recv_ack: %s: Unexpected primitive ack %s",
1219 		    what, dlprim(dlprimbuf, sizeof (dlprimbuf), dlp->dl_primitive));
1220 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1221 	}
1222 
1223 	if (ctl.len < size) {
1224 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1225 		    "recv_ack: %s: Ack too small (%d < %d)",
1226 		    what, ctl.len, size);
1227 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1228 	}
1229 	return (ctl.len);
1230 }
1231 
1232 static char *
1233 dlstrerror(char *errbuf, size_t errbufsize, bpf_u_int32 dl_errno)
1234 {
1235 	switch (dl_errno) {
1236 
1237 	case DL_ACCESS:
1238 		return ("Improper permissions for request");
1239 
1240 	case DL_BADADDR:
1241 		return ("DLSAP addr in improper format or invalid");
1242 
1243 	case DL_BADCORR:
1244 		return ("Seq number not from outstand DL_CONN_IND");
1245 
1246 	case DL_BADDATA:
1247 		return ("User data exceeded provider limit");
1248 
1249 	case DL_BADPPA:
1250 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
1251 		/*
1252 		 * With a single "/dev/dlpi" device used for all
1253 		 * DLPI providers, PPAs have nothing to do with
1254 		 * unit numbers.
1255 		 */
1256 		return ("Specified PPA was invalid");
1257 #else
1258 		/*
1259 		 * We have separate devices for separate devices;
1260 		 * the PPA is just the unit number.
1261 		 */
1262 		return ("Specified PPA (device unit) was invalid");
1263 #endif
1264 
1265 	case DL_BADPRIM:
1266 		return ("Primitive received not known by provider");
1267 
1268 	case DL_BADQOSPARAM:
1269 		return ("QOS parameters contained invalid values");
1270 
1271 	case DL_BADQOSTYPE:
1272 		return ("QOS structure type is unknown/unsupported");
1273 
1274 	case DL_BADSAP:
1275 		return ("Bad LSAP selector");
1276 
1277 	case DL_BADTOKEN:
1278 		return ("Token used not an active stream");
1279 
1280 	case DL_BOUND:
1281 		return ("Attempted second bind with dl_max_conind");
1282 
1283 	case DL_INITFAILED:
1284 		return ("Physical link initialization failed");
1285 
1286 	case DL_NOADDR:
1287 		return ("Provider couldn't allocate alternate address");
1288 
1289 	case DL_NOTINIT:
1290 		return ("Physical link not initialized");
1291 
1292 	case DL_OUTSTATE:
1293 		return ("Primitive issued in improper state");
1294 
1295 	case DL_SYSERR:
1296 		return ("UNIX system error occurred");
1297 
1298 	case DL_UNSUPPORTED:
1299 		return ("Requested service not supplied by provider");
1300 
1301 	case DL_UNDELIVERABLE:
1302 		return ("Previous data unit could not be delivered");
1303 
1304 	case DL_NOTSUPPORTED:
1305 		return ("Primitive is known but not supported");
1306 
1307 	case DL_TOOMANY:
1308 		return ("Limit exceeded");
1309 
1310 	case DL_NOTENAB:
1311 		return ("Promiscuous mode not enabled");
1312 
1313 	case DL_BUSY:
1314 		return ("Other streams for PPA in post-attached");
1315 
1316 	case DL_NOAUTO:
1317 		return ("Automatic handling XID&TEST not supported");
1318 
1319 	case DL_NOXIDAUTO:
1320 		return ("Automatic handling of XID not supported");
1321 
1322 	case DL_NOTESTAUTO:
1323 		return ("Automatic handling of TEST not supported");
1324 
1325 	case DL_XIDAUTO:
1326 		return ("Automatic handling of XID response");
1327 
1328 	case DL_TESTAUTO:
1329 		return ("Automatic handling of TEST response");
1330 
1331 	case DL_PENDING:
1332 		return ("Pending outstanding connect indications");
1333 
1334 	default:
1335 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, errbufsize, "Error %02x", dl_errno);
1336 		return (errbuf);
1337 	}
1338 }
1339 
1340 static char *
1341 dlprim(char *primbuf, size_t primbufsize, bpf_u_int32 prim)
1342 {
1343 	switch (prim) {
1344 
1345 	case DL_INFO_REQ:
1346 		return ("DL_INFO_REQ");
1347 
1348 	case DL_INFO_ACK:
1349 		return ("DL_INFO_ACK");
1350 
1351 	case DL_ATTACH_REQ:
1352 		return ("DL_ATTACH_REQ");
1353 
1354 	case DL_DETACH_REQ:
1355 		return ("DL_DETACH_REQ");
1356 
1357 	case DL_BIND_REQ:
1358 		return ("DL_BIND_REQ");
1359 
1360 	case DL_BIND_ACK:
1361 		return ("DL_BIND_ACK");
1362 
1363 	case DL_UNBIND_REQ:
1364 		return ("DL_UNBIND_REQ");
1365 
1366 	case DL_OK_ACK:
1367 		return ("DL_OK_ACK");
1368 
1369 	case DL_ERROR_ACK:
1370 		return ("DL_ERROR_ACK");
1371 
1372 	case DL_SUBS_BIND_REQ:
1373 		return ("DL_SUBS_BIND_REQ");
1374 
1375 	case DL_SUBS_BIND_ACK:
1376 		return ("DL_SUBS_BIND_ACK");
1377 
1378 	case DL_UNITDATA_REQ:
1379 		return ("DL_UNITDATA_REQ");
1380 
1381 	case DL_UNITDATA_IND:
1382 		return ("DL_UNITDATA_IND");
1383 
1384 	case DL_UDERROR_IND:
1385 		return ("DL_UDERROR_IND");
1386 
1387 	case DL_UDQOS_REQ:
1388 		return ("DL_UDQOS_REQ");
1389 
1390 	case DL_CONNECT_REQ:
1391 		return ("DL_CONNECT_REQ");
1392 
1393 	case DL_CONNECT_IND:
1394 		return ("DL_CONNECT_IND");
1395 
1396 	case DL_CONNECT_RES:
1397 		return ("DL_CONNECT_RES");
1398 
1399 	case DL_CONNECT_CON:
1400 		return ("DL_CONNECT_CON");
1401 
1402 	case DL_TOKEN_REQ:
1403 		return ("DL_TOKEN_REQ");
1404 
1405 	case DL_TOKEN_ACK:
1406 		return ("DL_TOKEN_ACK");
1407 
1408 	case DL_DISCONNECT_REQ:
1409 		return ("DL_DISCONNECT_REQ");
1410 
1411 	case DL_DISCONNECT_IND:
1412 		return ("DL_DISCONNECT_IND");
1413 
1414 	case DL_RESET_REQ:
1415 		return ("DL_RESET_REQ");
1416 
1417 	case DL_RESET_IND:
1418 		return ("DL_RESET_IND");
1419 
1420 	case DL_RESET_RES:
1421 		return ("DL_RESET_RES");
1422 
1423 	case DL_RESET_CON:
1424 		return ("DL_RESET_CON");
1425 
1426 	default:
1427 		pcap_snprintf(primbuf, primbufsize, "unknown primitive 0x%x",
1428 		    prim);
1429 		return (primbuf);
1430 	}
1431 }
1432 
1433 static int
1434 dlbindreq(int fd, bpf_u_int32 sap, char *ebuf)
1435 {
1436 
1437 	dl_bind_req_t	req;
1438 
1439 	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
1440 	req.dl_primitive = DL_BIND_REQ;
1441 	/* XXX - what if neither of these are defined? */
1442 #if defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
1443 	req.dl_max_conind = 1;			/* XXX magic number */
1444 	req.dl_service_mode = DL_HP_RAWDLS;
1445 #elif defined(DL_CLDLS)
1446 	req.dl_service_mode = DL_CLDLS;
1447 #endif
1448 	req.dl_sap = sap;
1449 
1450 	return (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "bind", ebuf));
1451 }
1452 
1453 static int
1454 dlbindack(int fd, char *bufp, char *ebuf, int *uerror)
1455 {
1456 
1457 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_BIND_ACK_SIZE, "bind", bufp, ebuf, uerror));
1458 }
1459 
1460 static int
1461 dlokack(int fd, const char *what, char *bufp, char *ebuf)
1462 {
1463 
1464 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_OK_ACK_SIZE, what, bufp, ebuf, NULL));
1465 }
1466 
1467 
1468 static int
1469 dlinforeq(int fd, char *ebuf)
1470 {
1471 	dl_info_req_t req;
1472 
1473 	req.dl_primitive = DL_INFO_REQ;
1474 
1475 	return (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "info", ebuf));
1476 }
1477 
1478 static int
1479 dlinfoack(int fd, char *bufp, char *ebuf)
1480 {
1481 
1482 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_INFO_ACK_SIZE, "info", bufp, ebuf, NULL));
1483 }
1484 
1485 #ifdef HAVE_DL_PASSIVE_REQ_T
1486 /*
1487  * Enable DLPI passive mode. We do not care if this request fails, as this
1488  * indicates the underlying DLPI device does not support link aggregation.
1489  */
1490 static void
1491 dlpassive(int fd, char *ebuf)
1492 {
1493 	dl_passive_req_t req;
1494 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
1495 
1496 	req.dl_primitive = DL_PASSIVE_REQ;
1497 
1498 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "dlpassive", ebuf) == 0)
1499 	    (void) dlokack(fd, "dlpassive", (char *)buf, ebuf);
1500 }
1501 #endif
1502 
1503 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1504 /*
1505  * There's an ack *if* there's an error.
1506  */
1507 static int
1508 dlrawdatareq(int fd, const u_char *datap, int datalen)
1509 {
1510 	struct strbuf ctl, data;
1511 	long buf[MAXDLBUF];	/* XXX - char? */
1512 	union DL_primitives *dlp;
1513 	int dlen;
1514 
1515 	dlp = MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf);
1516 
1517 	dlp->dl_primitive = DL_HP_RAWDATA_REQ;
1518 	dlen = DL_HP_RAWDATA_REQ_SIZE;
1519 
1520 	/*
1521 	 * HP's documentation doesn't appear to show us supplying any
1522 	 * address pointed to by the control part of the message.
1523 	 * I think that's what raw mode means - you just send the raw
1524 	 * packet, you don't specify where to send it to, as that's
1525 	 * implied by the destination address.
1526 	 */
1527 	ctl.maxlen = 0;
1528 	ctl.len = dlen;
1529 	ctl.buf = (void *)buf;
1530 
1531 	data.maxlen = 0;
1532 	data.len = datalen;
1533 	data.buf = (void *)datap;
1534 
1535 	return (putmsg(fd, &ctl, &data, 0));
1536 }
1537 #endif /* DL_HP_RAWDLS */
1538 
1539 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
1540 static void
1541 get_release(char *buf, size_t bufsize, bpf_u_int32 *majorp,
1542     bpf_u_int32 *minorp, bpf_u_int32 *microp)
1543 {
1544 	char *cp;
1545 
1546 	*majorp = 0;
1547 	*minorp = 0;
1548 	*microp = 0;
1549 	if (sysinfo(SI_RELEASE, buf, bufsize) < 0) {
1550 		strlcpy(buf, "?", bufsize);
1551 		return;
1552 	}
1553 	cp = buf;
1554 	if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
1555 		return;
1556 	*majorp = strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1557 	if (*cp++ != '.')
1558 		return;
1559 	*minorp =  strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1560 	if (*cp++ != '.')
1561 		return;
1562 	*microp =  strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1563 }
1564 #endif
1565 
1566 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_REQ
1567 /*
1568  * Under HP-UX 10 and HP-UX 11, we can ask for the ppa
1569  */
1570 
1571 
1572 /*
1573  * Determine ppa number that specifies ifname.
1574  *
1575  * If the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" doesn't have a "dl_module_id_1" member,
1576  * the code that's used here is the old code for HP-UX 10.x.
1577  *
1578  * However, HP-UX 10.20, at least, appears to have such a member
1579  * in its "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure, so the new code is used.
1580  * The new code didn't work on an old 10.20 system on which Rick
1581  * Jones of HP tried it, but with later patches installed, it
1582  * worked - it appears that the older system had those members but
1583  * didn't put anything in them, so, if the search by name fails, we
1584  * do the old search.
1585  *
1586  * Rick suggests that making sure your system is "up on the latest
1587  * lancommon/DLPI/driver patches" is probably a good idea; it'd fix
1588  * that problem, as well as allowing libpcap to see packets sent
1589  * from the system on which the libpcap application is being run.
1590  * (On 10.20, in addition to getting the latest patches, you need
1591  * to turn the kernel "lanc_outbound_promisc_flag" flag on with ADB;
1592  * a posting to "comp.sys.hp.hpux" at
1593  *
1594  *	http://www.deja.com/[ST_rn=ps]/getdoc.xp?AN=558092266
1595  *
1596  * says that, to see the machine's outgoing traffic, you'd need to
1597  * apply the right patches to your system, and also set that variable
1598  * with:
1599 
1600 echo 'lanc_outbound_promisc_flag/W1' | /usr/bin/adb -w /stand/vmunix /dev/kmem
1601 
1602  * which could be put in, for example, "/sbin/init.d/lan".
1603  *
1604  * Setting the variable is not necessary on HP-UX 11.x.
1605  */
1606 static int
1607 get_dlpi_ppa(register int fd, register const char *device, register u_int unit,
1608     u_int *ppa, register char *ebuf)
1609 {
1610 	register dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *ap;
1611 	register dl_hp_ppa_info_t *ipstart, *ip;
1612 	register u_int i;
1613 	char dname[100];
1614 	register u_long majdev;
1615 	struct stat statbuf;
1616 	dl_hp_ppa_req_t	req;
1617 	char buf[MAXDLBUF];
1618 	char *ppa_data_buf;
1619 	dl_hp_ppa_ack_t	*dlp;
1620 	struct strbuf ctl;
1621 	int flags;
1622 
1623 	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
1624 	req.dl_primitive = DL_HP_PPA_REQ;
1625 
1626 	memset((char *)buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
1627 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "hpppa", ebuf) < 0)
1628 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1629 
1630 	ctl.maxlen = DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE;
1631 	ctl.len = 0;
1632 	ctl.buf = (char *)buf;
1633 
1634 	flags = 0;
1635 	/*
1636 	 * DLPI may return a big chunk of data for a DL_HP_PPA_REQ. The normal
1637 	 * recv_ack will fail because it set the maxlen to MAXDLBUF (8192)
1638 	 * which is NOT big enough for a DL_HP_PPA_REQ.
1639 	 *
1640 	 * This causes libpcap applications to fail on a system with HP-APA
1641 	 * installed.
1642 	 *
1643 	 * To figure out how big the returned data is, we first call getmsg
1644 	 * to get the small head and peek at the head to get the actual data
1645 	 * length, and  then issue another getmsg to get the actual PPA data.
1646 	 */
1647 	/* get the head first */
1648 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1649 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1650 		    errno, "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg");
1651 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1652 	}
1653 	if (ctl.len == -1) {
1654 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1655 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg: control buffer has no data");
1656 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1657 	}
1658 
1659 	dlp = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)ctl.buf;
1660 	if (dlp->dl_primitive != DL_HP_PPA_ACK) {
1661 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1662 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa unexpected primitive ack 0x%x",
1663 		    (bpf_u_int32)dlp->dl_primitive);
1664 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1665 	}
1666 
1667 	if ((size_t)ctl.len < DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE) {
1668 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1669 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa ack too small (%d < %lu)",
1670 		     ctl.len, (unsigned long)DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE);
1671 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1672 	}
1673 
1674 	/* allocate buffer */
1675 	if ((ppa_data_buf = (char *)malloc(dlp->dl_length)) == NULL) {
1676 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1677 		    errno, "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa malloc");
1678 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1679 	}
1680 	ctl.maxlen = dlp->dl_length;
1681 	ctl.len = 0;
1682 	ctl.buf = (char *)ppa_data_buf;
1683 	/* get the data */
1684 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1685 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1686 		    errno, "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg");
1687 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1688 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1689 	}
1690 	if (ctl.len == -1) {
1691 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1692 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg: control buffer has no data");
1693 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1694 	}
1695 	if ((u_int)ctl.len < dlp->dl_length) {
1696 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1697 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa ack too small (%d < %lu)",
1698 		    ctl.len, (unsigned long)dlp->dl_length);
1699 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1700 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1701 	}
1702 
1703 	ap = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)buf;
1704 	ipstart = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)ppa_data_buf;
1705 	ip = ipstart;
1706 
1707 #ifdef HAVE_DL_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
1708 	/*
1709 	 * The "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure has a "dl_module_id_1"
1710 	 * member that should, in theory, contain the part of the
1711 	 * name for the device that comes before the unit number,
1712 	 * and should also have a "dl_module_id_2" member that may
1713 	 * contain an alternate name (e.g., I think Ethernet devices
1714 	 * have both "lan", for "lanN", and "snap", for "snapN", with
1715 	 * the former being for Ethernet packets and the latter being
1716 	 * for 802.3/802.2 packets).
1717 	 *
1718 	 * Search for the device that has the specified name and
1719 	 * instance number.
1720 	 */
1721 	for (i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
1722 		if ((strcmp((const char *)ip->dl_module_id_1, device) == 0 ||
1723 		     strcmp((const char *)ip->dl_module_id_2, device) == 0) &&
1724 		    ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
1725 			break;
1726 
1727 		ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ipstart + ip->dl_next_offset);
1728 	}
1729 #else
1730 	/*
1731 	 * We don't have that member, so the search is impossible; make it
1732 	 * look as if the search failed.
1733 	 */
1734 	i = ap->dl_count;
1735 #endif
1736 
1737 	if (i == ap->dl_count) {
1738 		/*
1739 		 * Well, we didn't, or can't, find the device by name.
1740 		 *
1741 		 * HP-UX 10.20, whilst it has "dl_module_id_1" and
1742 		 * "dl_module_id_2" fields in the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t",
1743 		 * doesn't seem to fill them in unless the system is
1744 		 * at a reasonably up-to-date patch level.
1745 		 *
1746 		 * Older HP-UX 10.x systems might not have those fields
1747 		 * at all.
1748 		 *
1749 		 * Therefore, we'll search for the entry with the major
1750 		 * device number of a device with the name "/dev/<dev><unit>",
1751 		 * if such a device exists, as the old code did.
1752 		 */
1753 		pcap_snprintf(dname, sizeof(dname), "/dev/%s%u", device, unit);
1754 		if (stat(dname, &statbuf) < 0) {
1755 			pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1756 			    errno, "stat: %s", dname);
1757 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
1758 		}
1759 		majdev = major(statbuf.st_rdev);
1760 
1761 		ip = ipstart;
1762 
1763 		for (i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
1764 			if (ip->dl_mjr_num == majdev &&
1765 			    ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
1766 				break;
1767 
1768 			ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ipstart + ip->dl_next_offset);
1769 		}
1770 	}
1771 	if (i == ap->dl_count) {
1772 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1773 		    "can't find /dev/dlpi PPA for %s%u", device, unit);
1774 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
1775 	}
1776 	if (ip->dl_hdw_state == HDW_DEAD) {
1777 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1778 		    "%s%d: hardware state: DOWN\n", device, unit);
1779 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1780 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1781 	}
1782 	*ppa = ip->dl_ppa;
1783 	free(ppa_data_buf);
1784 	return (0);
1785 }
1786 #endif
1787 
1788 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
1789 /*
1790  * Under HP-UX 9, there is no good way to determine the ppa.
1791  * So punt and read it from /dev/kmem.
1792  */
1793 static struct nlist nl[] = {
1794 #define NL_IFNET 0
1795 	{ "ifnet" },
1796 	{ "" }
1797 };
1798 
1799 static char path_vmunix[] = "/hp-ux";
1800 
1801 /* Determine ppa number that specifies ifname */
1802 static int
1803 get_dlpi_ppa(register int fd, register const char *ifname, register u_int unit,
1804     u_int *ppa, register char *ebuf)
1805 {
1806 	register const char *cp;
1807 	register int kd;
1808 	void *addr;
1809 	struct ifnet ifnet;
1810 	char if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name) + 1];
1811 
1812 	cp = strrchr(ifname, '/');
1813 	if (cp != NULL)
1814 		ifname = cp + 1;
1815 	if (nlist(path_vmunix, &nl) < 0) {
1816 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "nlist %s failed",
1817 		    path_vmunix);
1818 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1819 	}
1820 	if (nl[NL_IFNET].n_value == 0) {
1821 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1822 		    "could't find %s kernel symbol",
1823 		    nl[NL_IFNET].n_name);
1824 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1825 	}
1826 	kd = open("/dev/kmem", O_RDONLY);
1827 	if (kd < 0) {
1828 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1829 		    errno, "kmem open");
1830 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1831 	}
1832 	if (dlpi_kread(kd, nl[NL_IFNET].n_value,
1833 	    &addr, sizeof(addr), ebuf) < 0) {
1834 		close(kd);
1835 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1836 	}
1837 	for (; addr != NULL; addr = ifnet.if_next) {
1838 		if (dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)addr,
1839 		    &ifnet, sizeof(ifnet), ebuf) < 0 ||
1840 		    dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)ifnet.if_name,
1841 		    if_name, sizeof(ifnet.if_name), ebuf) < 0) {
1842 			(void)close(kd);
1843 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
1844 		}
1845 		if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name)] = '\0';
1846 		if (strcmp(if_name, ifname) == 0 && ifnet.if_unit == unit) {
1847 			*ppa = ifnet.if_index;
1848 			return (0);
1849 		}
1850 	}
1851 
1852 	pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "Can't find %s", ifname);
1853 	return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
1854 }
1855 
1856 static int
1857 dlpi_kread(register int fd, register off_t addr,
1858     register void *buf, register u_int len, register char *ebuf)
1859 {
1860 	register int cc;
1861 
1862 	if (lseek(fd, addr, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1863 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1864 		    errno, "lseek");
1865 		return (-1);
1866 	}
1867 	cc = read(fd, buf, len);
1868 	if (cc < 0) {
1869 		pcap_fmt_errmsg_for_errno(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1870 		    errno, "read");
1871 		return (-1);
1872 	} else if (cc != len) {
1873 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "short read (%d != %d)", cc,
1874 		    len);
1875 		return (-1);
1876 	}
1877 	return (cc);
1878 }
1879 #endif
1880 
1881 pcap_t *
1882 pcap_create_interface(const char *device _U_, char *ebuf)
1883 {
1884 	pcap_t *p;
1885 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1886 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd;
1887 #endif
1888 
1889 	p = pcap_create_common(ebuf, sizeof (struct pcap_dlpi));
1890 	if (p == NULL)
1891 		return (NULL);
1892 
1893 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1894 	pd = p->priv;
1895 	pd->send_fd = -1;	/* it hasn't been opened yet */
1896 #endif
1897 
1898 	p->activate_op = pcap_activate_dlpi;
1899 	return (p);
1900 }
1901 
1902 /*
1903  * Libpcap version string.
1904  */
1905 const char *
1906 pcap_lib_version(void)
1907 {
1908 	return (PCAP_VERSION_STRING);
1909 }
1910