xref: /freebsd/contrib/libpcap/pcap-dlpi.c (revision eb69d1f144a6fcc765d1b9d44a5ae8082353e70b)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning
11  * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement:
12  * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California,
13  * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of
14  * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse
15  * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
16  * written permission.
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
18  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
19  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20  *
21  * This code contributed by Atanu Ghosh (atanu@cs.ucl.ac.uk),
22  * University College London, and subsequently modified by
23  * Guy Harris (guy@alum.mit.edu), Mark Pizzolato
24  * <List-tcpdump-workers@subscriptions.pizzolato.net>,
25  * Mark C. Brown (mbrown@hp.com), and Sagun Shakya <Sagun.Shakya@Sun.COM>.
26  */
27 
28 /*
29  * Packet capture routine for DLPI under SunOS 5, HP-UX 9/10/11, and AIX.
30  *
31  * Notes:
32  *
33  *    - The DLIOCRAW ioctl() is specific to SunOS.
34  *
35  *    - There is a bug in bufmod(7) such that setting the snapshot
36  *      length results in data being left of the front of the packet.
37  *
38  *    - It might be desirable to use pfmod(7) to filter packets in the
39  *      kernel when possible.
40  *
41  *    - An older version of the HP-UX DLPI Programmer's Guide, which
42  *      I think was advertised as the 10.20 version, used to be available
43  *      at
44  *
45  *            http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/B2355-90093/B2355-90093.html
46  *
47  *      but is no longer available; it can still be found at
48  *
49  *            http://h21007.www2.hp.com/dspp/files/unprotected/Drivers/Docs/Refs/B2355-90093.pdf
50  *
51  *      in PDF form.
52  *
53  *    - The HP-UX 10.x, 11.0, and 11i v1.6 version of the HP-UX DLPI
54  *      Programmer's Guide, which I think was once advertised as the
55  *      11.00 version is available at
56  *
57  *            http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90139/index.html
58  *
59  *    - The HP-UX 11i v2 version of the HP-UX DLPI Programmer's Guide
60  *      is available at
61  *
62  *            http://docs.hp.com/en/B2355-90871/index.html
63  *
64  *    - All of the HP documents describe raw-mode services, which are
65  *      what we use if DL_HP_RAWDLS is defined.  XXX - we use __hpux
66  *      in some places to test for HP-UX, but use DL_HP_RAWDLS in
67  *      other places; do we support any versions of HP-UX without
68  *      DL_HP_RAWDLS?
69  */
70 
71 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
72 #include "config.h"
73 #endif
74 
75 #include <sys/types.h>
76 #include <sys/time.h>
77 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
78 #include <sys/bufmod.h>
79 #endif
80 #include <sys/dlpi.h>
81 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_DLPI_EXT_H
82 #include <sys/dlpi_ext.h>
83 #endif
84 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
85 #include <sys/socket.h>
86 #endif
87 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_REQ
88 #include <sys/stat.h>
89 #endif
90 #include <sys/stream.h>
91 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
92 #include <sys/systeminfo.h>
93 #endif
94 
95 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
96 #include <net/if.h>
97 #endif
98 
99 #include <ctype.h>
100 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
101 #include <nlist.h>
102 #endif
103 #include <errno.h>
104 #include <fcntl.h>
105 #include <memory.h>
106 #include <stdio.h>
107 #include <stdlib.h>
108 #include <string.h>
109 #include <stropts.h>
110 #include <unistd.h>
111 
112 #ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
113 #include <limits.h>
114 #else
115 #define INT_MAX		2147483647
116 #endif
117 
118 #include "pcap-int.h"
119 #include "dlpisubs.h"
120 
121 #ifdef HAVE_OS_PROTO_H
122 #include "os-proto.h"
123 #endif
124 
125 #ifndef PCAP_DEV_PREFIX
126 #ifdef _AIX
127 #define PCAP_DEV_PREFIX "/dev/dlpi"
128 #else
129 #define PCAP_DEV_PREFIX "/dev"
130 #endif
131 #endif
132 
133 #define	MAXDLBUF	8192
134 
135 /* Forwards */
136 static char *split_dname(char *, int *, char *);
137 static int dl_doattach(int, int, char *);
138 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
139 static int dl_dohpuxbind(int, char *);
140 #endif
141 static int dlpromiscon(pcap_t *, bpf_u_int32);
142 static int dlbindreq(int, bpf_u_int32, char *);
143 static int dlbindack(int, char *, char *, int *);
144 static int dlokack(int, const char *, char *, char *);
145 static int dlinforeq(int, char *);
146 static int dlinfoack(int, char *, char *);
147 
148 #ifdef HAVE_DLPI_PASSIVE
149 static void dlpassive(int, char *);
150 #endif
151 
152 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
153 static int dlrawdatareq(int, const u_char *, int);
154 #endif
155 static int recv_ack(int, int, const char *, char *, char *, int *);
156 static char *dlstrerror(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32);
157 static char *dlprim(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32);
158 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
159 #define GET_RELEASE_BUFSIZE	32
160 static void get_release(char *, size_t, bpf_u_int32 *, bpf_u_int32 *,
161     bpf_u_int32 *);
162 #endif
163 static int send_request(int, char *, int, char *, char *);
164 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
165 static int dlpi_kread(int, off_t, void *, u_int, char *);
166 #endif
167 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
168 static int get_dlpi_ppa(int, const char *, int, char *);
169 #endif
170 
171 /*
172  * Cast a buffer to "union DL_primitives" without provoking warnings
173  * from the compiler.
174  */
175 #define MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(ptr)	((union DL_primitives *)(void *)(ptr))
176 
177 static int
178 pcap_read_dlpi(pcap_t *p, int cnt, pcap_handler callback, u_char *user)
179 {
180 	int cc;
181 	u_char *bp;
182 	int flags;
183 	bpf_u_int32 ctlbuf[MAXDLBUF];
184 	struct strbuf ctl = {
185 		MAXDLBUF,
186 		0,
187 		(char *)ctlbuf
188 	};
189 	struct strbuf data;
190 
191 	flags = 0;
192 	cc = p->cc;
193 	if (cc == 0) {
194 		data.buf = (char *)p->buffer + p->offset;
195 		data.maxlen = p->bufsize;
196 		data.len = 0;
197 		do {
198 			/*
199 			 * Has "pcap_breakloop()" been called?
200 			 */
201 			if (p->break_loop) {
202 				/*
203 				 * Yes - clear the flag that indicates
204 				 * that it has, and return -2 to
205 				 * indicate that we were told to
206 				 * break out of the loop.
207 				 */
208 				p->break_loop = 0;
209 				return (-2);
210 			}
211 			/*
212 			 * XXX - check for the DLPI primitive, which
213 			 * would be DL_HP_RAWDATA_IND on HP-UX
214 			 * if we're in raw mode?
215 			 */
216 			ctl.buf = (char *)ctlbuf;
217 			ctl.maxlen = MAXDLBUF;
218 			ctl.len = 0;
219 			if (getmsg(p->fd, &ctl, &data, &flags) < 0) {
220 				/* Don't choke when we get ptraced */
221 				switch (errno) {
222 
223 				case EINTR:
224 					cc = 0;
225 					continue;
226 
227 				case EAGAIN:
228 					return (0);
229 				}
230 				strlcpy(p->errbuf, pcap_strerror(errno),
231 				    sizeof(p->errbuf));
232 				return (-1);
233 			}
234 			cc = data.len;
235 		} while (cc == 0);
236 		bp = (u_char *)p->buffer + p->offset;
237 	} else
238 		bp = p->bp;
239 
240 	return (pcap_process_pkts(p, callback, user, cnt, bp, cc));
241 }
242 
243 static int
244 pcap_inject_dlpi(pcap_t *p, const void *buf, size_t size)
245 {
246 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
247 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
248 #endif
249 	int ret;
250 
251 #if defined(DLIOCRAW)
252 	ret = write(p->fd, buf, size);
253 	if (ret == -1) {
254 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "send: %s",
255 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
256 		return (-1);
257 	}
258 #elif defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
259 	if (pd->send_fd < 0) {
260 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
261 		    "send: Output FD couldn't be opened");
262 		return (-1);
263 	}
264 	ret = dlrawdatareq(pd->send_fd, buf, size);
265 	if (ret == -1) {
266 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "send: %s",
267 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
268 		return (-1);
269 	}
270 	/*
271 	 * putmsg() returns either 0 or -1; it doesn't indicate how
272 	 * many bytes were written (presumably they were all written
273 	 * or none of them were written).  OpenBSD's pcap_inject()
274 	 * returns the number of bytes written, so, for API compatibility,
275 	 * we return the number of bytes we were told to write.
276 	 */
277 	ret = size;
278 #else /* no raw mode */
279 	/*
280 	 * XXX - this is a pain, because you might have to extract
281 	 * the address from the packet and use it in a DL_UNITDATA_REQ
282 	 * request.  That would be dependent on the link-layer type.
283 	 *
284 	 * I also don't know what SAP you'd have to bind the descriptor
285 	 * to, or whether you'd need separate "receive" and "send" FDs,
286 	 * nor do I know whether you'd need different bindings for
287 	 * D/I/X Ethernet and 802.3, or for {FDDI,Token Ring} plus
288 	 * 802.2 and {FDDI,Token Ring} plus 802.2 plus SNAP.
289 	 *
290 	 * So, for now, we just return a "you can't send" indication,
291 	 * and leave it up to somebody with a DLPI-based system lacking
292 	 * both DLIOCRAW and DL_HP_RAWDLS to supply code to implement
293 	 * packet transmission on that system.  If they do, they should
294 	 * send it to us - but should not send us code that assumes
295 	 * Ethernet; if the code doesn't work on non-Ethernet interfaces,
296 	 * it should check "p->linktype" and reject the send request if
297 	 * it's anything other than DLT_EN10MB.
298 	 */
299 	strlcpy(p->errbuf, "send: Not supported on this version of this OS",
300 	    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
301 	ret = -1;
302 #endif /* raw mode */
303 	return (ret);
304 }
305 
306 #ifndef DL_IPATM
307 #define DL_IPATM	0x12	/* ATM Classical IP interface */
308 #endif
309 
310 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
311 /*
312  * For SunATM.
313  */
314 #ifndef A_GET_UNITS
315 #define A_GET_UNITS	(('A'<<8)|118)
316 #endif /* A_GET_UNITS */
317 #ifndef A_PROMISCON_REQ
318 #define A_PROMISCON_REQ	(('A'<<8)|121)
319 #endif /* A_PROMISCON_REQ */
320 #endif /* HAVE_SOLARIS */
321 
322 static void
323 pcap_cleanup_dlpi(pcap_t *p)
324 {
325 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
326 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
327 
328 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
329 		close(pd->send_fd);
330 		pd->send_fd = -1;
331 	}
332 #endif
333 	pcap_cleanup_live_common(p);
334 }
335 
336 static int
337 open_dlpi_device(const char *name, int *ppa, char *errbuf)
338 {
339 	int status;
340 	char dname[100];
341 	char *cp;
342 	int fd;
343 #ifndef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
344 	char dname2[100];
345 #endif
346 
347 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
348 	/*
349 	** Remove any "/dev/" on the front of the device.
350 	*/
351 	cp = strrchr(name, '/');
352 	if (cp == NULL)
353 		strlcpy(dname, name, sizeof(dname));
354 	else
355 		strlcpy(dname, cp + 1, sizeof(dname));
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * Split the device name into a device type name and a unit number;
359 	 * chop off the unit number, so "dname" is just a device type name.
360 	 */
361 	cp = split_dname(dname, ppa, errbuf);
362 	if (cp == NULL)
363 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
364 	*cp = '\0';
365 
366 	/*
367 	 * Use "/dev/dlpi" as the device.
368 	 *
369 	 * XXX - HP's DLPI Programmer's Guide for HP-UX 11.00 says that
370 	 * the "dl_mjr_num" field is for the "major number of interface
371 	 * driver"; that's the major of "/dev/dlpi" on the system on
372 	 * which I tried this, but there may be DLPI devices that
373 	 * use a different driver, in which case we may need to
374 	 * search "/dev" for the appropriate device with that major
375 	 * device number, rather than hardwiring "/dev/dlpi".
376 	 */
377 	cp = "/dev/dlpi";
378 	if ((fd = open(cp, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
379 		if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
380 			status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
381 		else
382 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
383 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
384 		    "%s: %s", cp, pcap_strerror(errno));
385 		return (status);
386 	}
387 
388 	/*
389 	 * Get a table of all PPAs for that device, and search that
390 	 * table for the specified device type name and unit number.
391 	 */
392 	*ppa = get_dlpi_ppa(fd, dname, *ppa, errbuf);
393 	if (*ppa < 0) {
394 		close(fd);
395 		return (*ppa);
396 	}
397 #else
398 	/*
399 	 * If the device name begins with "/", assume it begins with
400 	 * the pathname of the directory containing the device to open;
401 	 * otherwise, concatenate the device directory name and the
402 	 * device name.
403 	 */
404 	if (*name == '/')
405 		strlcpy(dname, name, sizeof(dname));
406 	else
407 		pcap_snprintf(dname, sizeof(dname), "%s/%s", PCAP_DEV_PREFIX,
408 		    name);
409 
410 	/*
411 	 * Get the unit number, and a pointer to the end of the device
412 	 * type name.
413 	 */
414 	cp = split_dname(dname, ppa, errbuf);
415 	if (cp == NULL)
416 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
417 
418 	/*
419 	 * Make a copy of the device pathname, and then remove the unit
420 	 * number from the device pathname.
421 	 */
422 	strlcpy(dname2, dname, sizeof(dname));
423 	*cp = '\0';
424 
425 	/* Try device without unit number */
426 	if ((fd = open(dname, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
427 		if (errno != ENOENT) {
428 			if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
429 				status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
430 			else
431 				status = PCAP_ERROR;
432 			pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s", dname,
433 			    pcap_strerror(errno));
434 			return (status);
435 		}
436 
437 		/* Try again with unit number */
438 		if ((fd = open(dname2, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
439 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
440 				status = PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE;
441 
442 				/*
443 				 * We provide an error message even
444 				 * for this error, for diagnostic
445 				 * purposes (so that, for example,
446 				 * the app can show the message if the
447 				 * user requests it).
448 				 *
449 				 * In it, we just report "No DLPI device
450 				 * found" with the device name, so people
451 				 * don't get confused and think, for example,
452 				 * that if they can't capture on "lo0"
453 				 * on Solaris prior to Solaris 11 the fix
454 				 * is to change libpcap (or the application
455 				 * that uses it) to look for something other
456 				 * than "/dev/lo0", as the fix is to use
457 				 * Solaris 11 or some operating system
458 				 * other than Solaris - you just *can't*
459 				 * capture on a loopback interface
460 				 * on Solaris prior to Solaris 11, the lack
461 				 * of a DLPI device for the loopback
462 				 * interface is just a symptom of that
463 				 * inability.
464 				 */
465 				pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
466 				    "%s: No DLPI device found", name);
467 			} else {
468 				if (errno == EPERM || errno == EACCES)
469 					status = PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED;
470 				else
471 					status = PCAP_ERROR;
472 				pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s: %s",
473 				    dname2, pcap_strerror(errno));
474 			}
475 			return (status);
476 		}
477 		/* XXX Assume unit zero */
478 		*ppa = 0;
479 	}
480 #endif
481 	return (fd);
482 }
483 
484 static int
485 pcap_activate_dlpi(pcap_t *p)
486 {
487 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
488 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd = p->priv;
489 #endif
490 	int status = 0;
491 	int retv;
492 	int ppa;
493 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
494 	int isatm = 0;
495 #endif
496 	register dl_info_ack_t *infop;
497 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
498 	bpf_u_int32 ss;
499 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
500 	char release[GET_RELEASE_BUFSIZE];
501 	bpf_u_int32 osmajor, osminor, osmicro;
502 #endif
503 #endif
504 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
505 
506 	p->fd = open_dlpi_device(p->opt.device, &ppa, p->errbuf);
507 	if (p->fd < 0) {
508 		status = p->fd;
509 		goto bad;
510 	}
511 
512 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
513 	/*
514 	 * XXX - HP-UX 10.20 and 11.xx don't appear to support sending and
515 	 * receiving packets on the same descriptor - you need separate
516 	 * descriptors for sending and receiving, bound to different SAPs.
517 	 *
518 	 * If the open fails, we just leave -1 in "pd->send_fd" and reject
519 	 * attempts to send packets, just as if, in pcap-bpf.c, we fail
520 	 * to open the BPF device for reading and writing, we just try
521 	 * to open it for reading only and, if that succeeds, just let
522 	 * the send attempts fail.
523 	 */
524 	pd->send_fd = open("/dev/dlpi", O_RDWR);
525 #endif
526 
527 	/*
528 	** Attach if "style 2" provider
529 	*/
530 	if (dlinforeq(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
531 	    dlinfoack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf) < 0) {
532 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
533 		goto bad;
534 	}
535 	infop = &(MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf))->info_ack;
536 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
537 	if (infop->dl_mac_type == DL_IPATM)
538 		isatm = 1;
539 #endif
540 	if (infop->dl_provider_style == DL_STYLE2) {
541 		retv = dl_doattach(p->fd, ppa, p->errbuf);
542 		if (retv < 0) {
543 			status = retv;
544 			goto bad;
545 		}
546 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
547 		if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
548 			retv = dl_doattach(pd->send_fd, ppa, p->errbuf);
549 			if (retv < 0) {
550 				status = retv;
551 				goto bad;
552 			}
553 		}
554 #endif
555 	}
556 
557 	if (p->opt.rfmon) {
558 		/*
559 		 * This device exists, but we don't support monitor mode
560 		 * any platforms that support DLPI.
561 		 */
562 		status = PCAP_ERROR_RFMON_NOTSUP;
563 		goto bad;
564 	}
565 
566 #ifdef HAVE_DLPI_PASSIVE
567 	/*
568 	 * Enable Passive mode to be able to capture on aggregated link.
569 	 * Not supported in all Solaris versions.
570 	 */
571 	dlpassive(p->fd, p->errbuf);
572 #endif
573 	/*
574 	** Bind (defer if using HP-UX 9 or HP-UX 10.20 or later, totally
575 	** skip if using SINIX)
576 	*/
577 #if !defined(HAVE_HPUX9) && !defined(HAVE_HPUX10_20_OR_LATER) && !defined(sinix)
578 #ifdef _AIX
579 	/*
580 	** AIX.
581 	** According to IBM's AIX Support Line, the dl_sap value
582 	** should not be less than 0x600 (1536) for standard Ethernet.
583 	** However, we seem to get DL_BADADDR - "DLSAP addr in improper
584 	** format or invalid" - errors if we use 1537 on the "tr0"
585 	** device, which, given that its name starts with "tr" and that
586 	** it's IBM, probably means a Token Ring device.  (Perhaps we
587 	** need to use 1537 on "/dev/dlpi/en" because that device is for
588 	** D/I/X Ethernet, the "SAP" is actually an Ethernet type, and
589 	** it rejects invalid Ethernet types.)
590 	**
591 	** So if 1537 fails, we try 2, as Hyung Sik Yoon of IBM Korea
592 	** says that works on Token Ring (he says that 0 does *not*
593 	** work; perhaps that's considered an invalid LLC SAP value - I
594 	** assume the SAP value in a DLPI bind is an LLC SAP for network
595 	** types that use 802.2 LLC).
596 	*/
597 	if ((dlbindreq(p->fd, 1537, p->errbuf) < 0 &&
598 	     dlbindreq(p->fd, 2, p->errbuf) < 0) ||
599 	     dlbindack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf, NULL) < 0) {
600 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
601 		goto bad;
602 	}
603 #elif defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
604 	/*
605 	** HP-UX 10.0x and 10.1x.
606 	*/
607 	if (dl_dohpuxbind(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
608 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
609 		goto bad;
610 	}
611 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
612 		/*
613 		** XXX - if this fails, just close send_fd and
614 		** set it to -1, so that you can't send but can
615 		** still receive?
616 		*/
617 		if (dl_dohpuxbind(pd->send_fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
618 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
619 			goto bad;
620 		}
621 	}
622 #else /* neither AIX nor HP-UX */
623 	/*
624 	** Not Sinix, and neither AIX nor HP-UX - Solaris, and any other
625 	** OS using DLPI.
626 	**/
627 	if (dlbindreq(p->fd, 0, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
628 	    dlbindack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf, NULL) < 0) {
629 	    	status = PCAP_ERROR;
630 		goto bad;
631 	}
632 #endif /* AIX vs. HP-UX vs. other */
633 #endif /* !HP-UX 9 and !HP-UX 10.20 or later and !SINIX */
634 
635 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
636 	if (isatm) {
637 		/*
638 		** Have to turn on some special ATM promiscuous mode
639 		** for SunATM.
640 		** Do *NOT* turn regular promiscuous mode on; it doesn't
641 		** help, and may break things.
642 		*/
643 		if (strioctl(p->fd, A_PROMISCON_REQ, 0, NULL) < 0) {
644 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
645 			pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
646 			    "A_PROMISCON_REQ: %s", pcap_strerror(errno));
647 			goto bad;
648 		}
649 	} else
650 #endif
651 	if (p->opt.promisc) {
652 		/*
653 		** Enable promiscuous (not necessary on send FD)
654 		*/
655 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_PHYS);
656 		if (retv < 0) {
657 			if (retv == PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED)
658 				status = PCAP_ERROR_PROMISC_PERM_DENIED;
659 			else
660 				status = retv;
661 			goto bad;
662 		}
663 
664 		/*
665 		** Try to enable multicast (you would have thought
666 		** promiscuous would be sufficient). (Skip if using
667 		** HP-UX or SINIX) (Not necessary on send FD)
668 		*/
669 #if !defined(__hpux) && !defined(sinix)
670 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_MULTI);
671 		if (retv < 0)
672 			status = PCAP_WARNING;
673 #endif
674 	}
675 	/*
676 	** Try to enable SAP promiscuity (when not in promiscuous mode
677 	** when using HP-UX, when not doing SunATM on Solaris, and never
678 	** under SINIX) (Not necessary on send FD)
679 	*/
680 #ifndef sinix
681 #if defined(__hpux)
682 	/* HP-UX - only do this when not in promiscuous mode */
683 	if (!p->opt.promisc) {
684 #elif defined(HAVE_SOLARIS)
685 	/* Solaris - don't do this on SunATM devices */
686 	if (!isatm) {
687 #else
688 	/* Everything else (except for SINIX) - always do this */
689 	{
690 #endif
691 		retv = dlpromiscon(p, DL_PROMISC_SAP);
692 		if (retv < 0) {
693 			if (p->opt.promisc) {
694 				/*
695 				 * Not fatal, since the DL_PROMISC_PHYS mode
696 				 * worked.
697 				 *
698 				 * Report it as a warning, however.
699 				 */
700 				status = PCAP_WARNING;
701 			} else {
702 				/*
703 				 * Fatal.
704 				 */
705 				status = retv;
706 				goto bad;
707 			}
708 		}
709 	}
710 #endif /* sinix */
711 
712 	/*
713 	** HP-UX 9, and HP-UX 10.20 or later, must bind after setting
714 	** promiscuous options.
715 	*/
716 #if defined(HAVE_HPUX9) || defined(HAVE_HPUX10_20_OR_LATER)
717 	if (dl_dohpuxbind(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
718 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
719 		goto bad;
720 	}
721 	/*
722 	** We don't set promiscuous mode on the send FD, but we'll defer
723 	** binding it anyway, just to keep the HP-UX 9/10.20 or later
724 	** code together.
725 	*/
726 	if (pd->send_fd >= 0) {
727 		/*
728 		** XXX - if this fails, just close send_fd and
729 		** set it to -1, so that you can't send but can
730 		** still receive?
731 		*/
732 		if (dl_dohpuxbind(pd->send_fd, p->errbuf) < 0) {
733 			status = PCAP_ERROR;
734 			goto bad;
735 		}
736 	}
737 #endif
738 
739 	/*
740 	** Determine link type
741 	** XXX - get SAP length and address length as well, for use
742 	** when sending packets.
743 	*/
744 	if (dlinforeq(p->fd, p->errbuf) < 0 ||
745 	    dlinfoack(p->fd, (char *)buf, p->errbuf) < 0) {
746 	    	status = PCAP_ERROR;
747 		goto bad;
748 	}
749 
750 	infop = &(MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf))->info_ack;
751 	if (pcap_process_mactype(p, infop->dl_mac_type) != 0) {
752 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
753 		goto bad;
754 	}
755 
756 #ifdef	DLIOCRAW
757 	/*
758 	** This is a non standard SunOS hack to get the full raw link-layer
759 	** header.
760 	*/
761 	if (strioctl(p->fd, DLIOCRAW, 0, NULL) < 0) {
762 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
763 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "DLIOCRAW: %s",
764 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
765 		goto bad;
766 	}
767 #endif
768 
769 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H
770 	ss = p->snapshot;
771 
772 	/*
773 	** There is a bug in bufmod(7). When dealing with messages of
774 	** less than snaplen size it strips data from the beginning not
775 	** the end.
776 	**
777 	** This bug is fixed in 5.3.2. Also, there is a patch available.
778 	** Ask for bugid 1149065.
779 	*/
780 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
781 	get_release(release, sizeof (release), &osmajor, &osminor, &osmicro);
782 	if (osmajor == 5 && (osminor <= 2 || (osminor == 3 && osmicro < 2)) &&
783 	    getenv("BUFMOD_FIXED") == NULL) {
784 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
785 		"WARNING: bufmod is broken in SunOS %s; ignoring snaplen.",
786 		    release);
787 		ss = 0;
788 		status = PCAP_WARNING;
789 	}
790 #endif
791 
792 	/* Push and configure bufmod. */
793 	if (pcap_conf_bufmod(p, ss) != 0) {
794 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
795 		goto bad;
796 	}
797 #endif
798 
799 	/*
800 	** As the last operation flush the read side.
801 	*/
802 	if (ioctl(p->fd, I_FLUSH, FLUSHR) != 0) {
803 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
804 		pcap_snprintf(p->errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "FLUSHR: %s",
805 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
806 		goto bad;
807 	}
808 
809 	/* Allocate data buffer. */
810 	if (pcap_alloc_databuf(p) != 0) {
811 		status = PCAP_ERROR;
812 		goto bad;
813 	}
814 
815 	/*
816 	 * Success.
817 	 *
818 	 * "p->fd" is an FD for a STREAMS device, so "select()" and
819 	 * "poll()" should work on it.
820 	 */
821 	p->selectable_fd = p->fd;
822 
823 	p->read_op = pcap_read_dlpi;
824 	p->inject_op = pcap_inject_dlpi;
825 	p->setfilter_op = install_bpf_program;	/* no kernel filtering */
826 	p->setdirection_op = NULL;	/* Not implemented.*/
827 	p->set_datalink_op = NULL;	/* can't change data link type */
828 	p->getnonblock_op = pcap_getnonblock_fd;
829 	p->setnonblock_op = pcap_setnonblock_fd;
830 	p->stats_op = pcap_stats_dlpi;
831 	p->cleanup_op = pcap_cleanup_dlpi;
832 
833 	return (status);
834 bad:
835 	pcap_cleanup_dlpi(p);
836 	return (status);
837 }
838 
839 /*
840  * Split a device name into a device type name and a unit number;
841  * return the a pointer to the beginning of the unit number, which
842  * is the end of the device type name, and set "*unitp" to the unit
843  * number.
844  *
845  * Returns NULL on error, and fills "ebuf" with an error message.
846  */
847 static char *
848 split_dname(char *device, int *unitp, char *ebuf)
849 {
850 	char *cp;
851 	char *eos;
852 	long unit;
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * Look for a number at the end of the device name string.
856 	 */
857 	cp = device + strlen(device) - 1;
858 	if (*cp < '0' || *cp > '9') {
859 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s missing unit number",
860 		    device);
861 		return (NULL);
862 	}
863 
864 	/* Digits at end of string are unit number */
865 	while (cp-1 >= device && *(cp-1) >= '0' && *(cp-1) <= '9')
866 		cp--;
867 
868 	errno = 0;
869 	unit = strtol(cp, &eos, 10);
870 	if (*eos != '\0') {
871 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s bad unit number", device);
872 		return (NULL);
873 	}
874 	if (errno == ERANGE || unit > INT_MAX) {
875 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s unit number too large",
876 		    device);
877 		return (NULL);
878 	}
879 	if (unit < 0) {
880 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "%s unit number is negative",
881 		    device);
882 		return (NULL);
883 	}
884 	*unitp = (int)unit;
885 	return (cp);
886 }
887 
888 static int
889 dl_doattach(int fd, int ppa, char *ebuf)
890 {
891 	dl_attach_req_t	req;
892 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
893 	int err;
894 
895 	req.dl_primitive = DL_ATTACH_REQ;
896 	req.dl_ppa = ppa;
897 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "attach", ebuf) < 0)
898 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
899 
900 	err = dlokack(fd, "attach", (char *)buf, ebuf);
901 	if (err < 0)
902 		return (err);
903 	return (0);
904 }
905 
906 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
907 static int
908 dl_dohpuxbind(int fd, char *ebuf)
909 {
910 	int hpsap;
911 	int uerror;
912 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
913 
914 	/*
915 	 * XXX - we start at 22 because we used to use only 22, but
916 	 * that was just because that was the value used in some
917 	 * sample code from HP.  With what value *should* we start?
918 	 * Does it matter, given that we're enabling SAP promiscuity
919 	 * on the input FD?
920 	 */
921 	hpsap = 22;
922 	for (;;) {
923 		if (dlbindreq(fd, hpsap, ebuf) < 0)
924 			return (-1);
925 		if (dlbindack(fd, (char *)buf, ebuf, &uerror) >= 0)
926 			break;
927 		/*
928 		 * For any error other than a UNIX EBUSY, give up.
929 		 */
930 		if (uerror != EBUSY) {
931 			/*
932 			 * dlbindack() has already filled in ebuf for
933 			 * this error.
934 			 */
935 			return (-1);
936 		}
937 
938 		/*
939 		 * For EBUSY, try the next SAP value; that means that
940 		 * somebody else is using that SAP.  Clear ebuf so
941 		 * that application doesn't report the "Device busy"
942 		 * error as a warning.
943 		 */
944 		*ebuf = '\0';
945 		hpsap++;
946 		if (hpsap > 100) {
947 			strlcpy(ebuf,
948 			    "All SAPs from 22 through 100 are in use",
949 			    PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE);
950 			return (-1);
951 		}
952 	}
953 	return (0);
954 }
955 #endif
956 
957 #define STRINGIFY(n)	#n
958 
959 static int
960 dlpromiscon(pcap_t *p, bpf_u_int32 level)
961 {
962 	dl_promiscon_req_t req;
963 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
964 	int err;
965 
966 	req.dl_primitive = DL_PROMISCON_REQ;
967 	req.dl_level = level;
968 	if (send_request(p->fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "promiscon",
969 	    p->errbuf) < 0)
970 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
971 	err = dlokack(p->fd, "promiscon" STRINGIFY(level), (char *)buf,
972 	    p->errbuf);
973 	if (err < 0)
974 		return (err);
975 	return (0);
976 }
977 
978 /*
979  * Not all interfaces are DLPI interfaces, and thus not all interfaces
980  * can be opened with DLPI (for example, the loopback interface is not
981  * a DLPI interface on Solaris prior to Solaris 11), so try to open
982  * the specified interface; return 0 if we fail with PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE
983  * and 1 otherwise.
984  */
985 static int
986 is_dlpi_interface(const char *name)
987 {
988 	int fd;
989 	int ppa;
990 	char errbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
991 
992 	fd = open_dlpi_device(name, &ppa, errbuf);
993 	if (fd < 0) {
994 		/*
995 		 * Error - was it PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE?
996 		 */
997 		if (fd == PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE) {
998 			/*
999 			 * Yes, so we can't open this because it's
1000 			 * not a DLPI interface.
1001 			 */
1002 			return (0);
1003 		}
1004 		/*
1005 		 * No, so, in the case where there's a single DLPI
1006 		 * device for all interfaces of this type ("style
1007 		 * 2" providers?), we don't know whether it's a DLPI
1008 		 * interface or not, as we didn't try an attach.
1009 		 * Say it is a DLPI device, so that the user can at
1010 		 * least try to open it and report the error (which
1011 		 * is probably "you don't have permission to open that
1012 		 * DLPI device"; reporting those interfaces means
1013 		 * users will ask "why am I getting a permissions error
1014 		 * when I try to capture" rather than "why am I not
1015 		 * seeing any interfaces", making the underlying problem
1016 		 * clearer).
1017 		 */
1018 		return (1);
1019 	}
1020 
1021 	/*
1022 	 * Success.
1023 	 */
1024 	close(fd);
1025 	return (1);
1026 }
1027 
1028 int
1029 pcap_platform_finddevs(pcap_if_t **alldevsp, char *errbuf)
1030 {
1031 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
1032 	int fd;
1033 	union {
1034 		u_int nunits;
1035 		char pad[516];	/* XXX - must be at least 513; is 516
1036 				   in "atmgetunits" */
1037 	} buf;
1038 	char baname[2+1+1];
1039 	u_int i;
1040 #endif
1041 
1042 	/*
1043 	 * Get the list of regular interfaces first.
1044 	 */
1045 	if (pcap_findalldevs_interfaces(alldevsp, errbuf, is_dlpi_interface) == -1)
1046 		return (-1);	/* failure */
1047 
1048 #ifdef HAVE_SOLARIS
1049 	/*
1050 	 * We may have to do special magic to get ATM devices.
1051 	 */
1052 	if ((fd = open("/dev/ba", O_RDWR)) < 0) {
1053 		/*
1054 		 * We couldn't open the "ba" device.
1055 		 * For now, just give up; perhaps we should
1056 		 * return an error if the problem is neither
1057 		 * a "that device doesn't exist" error (ENOENT,
1058 		 * ENXIO, etc.) or a "you're not allowed to do
1059 		 * that" error (EPERM, EACCES).
1060 		 */
1061 		return (0);
1062 	}
1063 
1064 	if (strioctl(fd, A_GET_UNITS, sizeof(buf), (char *)&buf) < 0) {
1065 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "A_GET_UNITS: %s",
1066 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
1067 		return (-1);
1068 	}
1069 	for (i = 0; i < buf.nunits; i++) {
1070 		pcap_snprintf(baname, sizeof baname, "ba%u", i);
1071 		if (pcap_add_if(alldevsp, baname, 0, NULL, errbuf) < 0)
1072 			return (-1);
1073 	}
1074 #endif
1075 
1076 	return (0);
1077 }
1078 
1079 static int
1080 send_request(int fd, char *ptr, int len, char *what, char *ebuf)
1081 {
1082 	struct	strbuf	ctl;
1083 	int	flags;
1084 
1085 	ctl.maxlen = 0;
1086 	ctl.len = len;
1087 	ctl.buf = ptr;
1088 
1089 	flags = 0;
1090 	if (putmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *) NULL, flags) < 0) {
1091 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1092 		    "send_request: putmsg \"%s\": %s",
1093 		    what, pcap_strerror(errno));
1094 		return (-1);
1095 	}
1096 	return (0);
1097 }
1098 
1099 static int
1100 recv_ack(int fd, int size, const char *what, char *bufp, char *ebuf, int *uerror)
1101 {
1102 	union	DL_primitives	*dlp;
1103 	struct	strbuf	ctl;
1104 	int	flags;
1105 	char	errmsgbuf[PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE];
1106 	char	dlprimbuf[64];
1107 
1108 	/*
1109 	 * Clear out "*uerror", so it's only set for DL_ERROR_ACK/DL_SYSERR,
1110 	 * making that the only place where EBUSY is treated specially.
1111 	 */
1112 	if (uerror != NULL)
1113 		*uerror = 0;
1114 
1115 	ctl.maxlen = MAXDLBUF;
1116 	ctl.len = 0;
1117 	ctl.buf = bufp;
1118 
1119 	flags = 0;
1120 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf*)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1121 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "recv_ack: %s getmsg: %s",
1122 		    what, pcap_strerror(errno));
1123 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1124 	}
1125 
1126 	dlp = MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(ctl.buf);
1127 	switch (dlp->dl_primitive) {
1128 
1129 	case DL_INFO_ACK:
1130 	case DL_BIND_ACK:
1131 	case DL_OK_ACK:
1132 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_ACK
1133 	case DL_HP_PPA_ACK:
1134 #endif
1135 		/* These are OK */
1136 		break;
1137 
1138 	case DL_ERROR_ACK:
1139 		switch (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno) {
1140 
1141 		case DL_SYSERR:
1142 			if (uerror != NULL)
1143 				*uerror = dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno;
1144 			pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1145 			    "recv_ack: %s: UNIX error - %s",
1146 			    what, pcap_strerror(dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno));
1147 			if (dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno == EPERM ||
1148 			    dlp->error_ack.dl_unix_errno == EACCES)
1149 				return (PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED);
1150 			break;
1151 
1152 		default:
1153 			pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1154 			    "recv_ack: %s: %s", what,
1155 			    dlstrerror(errmsgbuf, sizeof (errmsgbuf), dlp->error_ack.dl_errno));
1156 			if (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno == DL_BADPPA)
1157 				return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
1158 			else if (dlp->error_ack.dl_errno == DL_ACCESS)
1159 				return (PCAP_ERROR_PERM_DENIED);
1160 			break;
1161 		}
1162 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1163 
1164 	default:
1165 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1166 		    "recv_ack: %s: Unexpected primitive ack %s",
1167 		    what, dlprim(dlprimbuf, sizeof (dlprimbuf), dlp->dl_primitive));
1168 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1169 	}
1170 
1171 	if (ctl.len < size) {
1172 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1173 		    "recv_ack: %s: Ack too small (%d < %d)",
1174 		    what, ctl.len, size);
1175 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1176 	}
1177 	return (ctl.len);
1178 }
1179 
1180 static char *
1181 dlstrerror(char *errbuf, size_t errbufsize, bpf_u_int32 dl_errno)
1182 {
1183 	switch (dl_errno) {
1184 
1185 	case DL_ACCESS:
1186 		return ("Improper permissions for request");
1187 
1188 	case DL_BADADDR:
1189 		return ("DLSAP addr in improper format or invalid");
1190 
1191 	case DL_BADCORR:
1192 		return ("Seq number not from outstand DL_CONN_IND");
1193 
1194 	case DL_BADDATA:
1195 		return ("User data exceeded provider limit");
1196 
1197 	case DL_BADPPA:
1198 #ifdef HAVE_DEV_DLPI
1199 		/*
1200 		 * With a single "/dev/dlpi" device used for all
1201 		 * DLPI providers, PPAs have nothing to do with
1202 		 * unit numbers.
1203 		 */
1204 		return ("Specified PPA was invalid");
1205 #else
1206 		/*
1207 		 * We have separate devices for separate devices;
1208 		 * the PPA is just the unit number.
1209 		 */
1210 		return ("Specified PPA (device unit) was invalid");
1211 #endif
1212 
1213 	case DL_BADPRIM:
1214 		return ("Primitive received not known by provider");
1215 
1216 	case DL_BADQOSPARAM:
1217 		return ("QOS parameters contained invalid values");
1218 
1219 	case DL_BADQOSTYPE:
1220 		return ("QOS structure type is unknown/unsupported");
1221 
1222 	case DL_BADSAP:
1223 		return ("Bad LSAP selector");
1224 
1225 	case DL_BADTOKEN:
1226 		return ("Token used not an active stream");
1227 
1228 	case DL_BOUND:
1229 		return ("Attempted second bind with dl_max_conind");
1230 
1231 	case DL_INITFAILED:
1232 		return ("Physical link initialization failed");
1233 
1234 	case DL_NOADDR:
1235 		return ("Provider couldn't allocate alternate address");
1236 
1237 	case DL_NOTINIT:
1238 		return ("Physical link not initialized");
1239 
1240 	case DL_OUTSTATE:
1241 		return ("Primitive issued in improper state");
1242 
1243 	case DL_SYSERR:
1244 		return ("UNIX system error occurred");
1245 
1246 	case DL_UNSUPPORTED:
1247 		return ("Requested service not supplied by provider");
1248 
1249 	case DL_UNDELIVERABLE:
1250 		return ("Previous data unit could not be delivered");
1251 
1252 	case DL_NOTSUPPORTED:
1253 		return ("Primitive is known but not supported");
1254 
1255 	case DL_TOOMANY:
1256 		return ("Limit exceeded");
1257 
1258 	case DL_NOTENAB:
1259 		return ("Promiscuous mode not enabled");
1260 
1261 	case DL_BUSY:
1262 		return ("Other streams for PPA in post-attached");
1263 
1264 	case DL_NOAUTO:
1265 		return ("Automatic handling XID&TEST not supported");
1266 
1267 	case DL_NOXIDAUTO:
1268 		return ("Automatic handling of XID not supported");
1269 
1270 	case DL_NOTESTAUTO:
1271 		return ("Automatic handling of TEST not supported");
1272 
1273 	case DL_XIDAUTO:
1274 		return ("Automatic handling of XID response");
1275 
1276 	case DL_TESTAUTO:
1277 		return ("Automatic handling of TEST response");
1278 
1279 	case DL_PENDING:
1280 		return ("Pending outstanding connect indications");
1281 
1282 	default:
1283 		pcap_snprintf(errbuf, errbufsize, "Error %02x", dl_errno);
1284 		return (errbuf);
1285 	}
1286 }
1287 
1288 static char *
1289 dlprim(char *primbuf, size_t primbufsize, bpf_u_int32 prim)
1290 {
1291 	switch (prim) {
1292 
1293 	case DL_INFO_REQ:
1294 		return ("DL_INFO_REQ");
1295 
1296 	case DL_INFO_ACK:
1297 		return ("DL_INFO_ACK");
1298 
1299 	case DL_ATTACH_REQ:
1300 		return ("DL_ATTACH_REQ");
1301 
1302 	case DL_DETACH_REQ:
1303 		return ("DL_DETACH_REQ");
1304 
1305 	case DL_BIND_REQ:
1306 		return ("DL_BIND_REQ");
1307 
1308 	case DL_BIND_ACK:
1309 		return ("DL_BIND_ACK");
1310 
1311 	case DL_UNBIND_REQ:
1312 		return ("DL_UNBIND_REQ");
1313 
1314 	case DL_OK_ACK:
1315 		return ("DL_OK_ACK");
1316 
1317 	case DL_ERROR_ACK:
1318 		return ("DL_ERROR_ACK");
1319 
1320 	case DL_SUBS_BIND_REQ:
1321 		return ("DL_SUBS_BIND_REQ");
1322 
1323 	case DL_SUBS_BIND_ACK:
1324 		return ("DL_SUBS_BIND_ACK");
1325 
1326 	case DL_UNITDATA_REQ:
1327 		return ("DL_UNITDATA_REQ");
1328 
1329 	case DL_UNITDATA_IND:
1330 		return ("DL_UNITDATA_IND");
1331 
1332 	case DL_UDERROR_IND:
1333 		return ("DL_UDERROR_IND");
1334 
1335 	case DL_UDQOS_REQ:
1336 		return ("DL_UDQOS_REQ");
1337 
1338 	case DL_CONNECT_REQ:
1339 		return ("DL_CONNECT_REQ");
1340 
1341 	case DL_CONNECT_IND:
1342 		return ("DL_CONNECT_IND");
1343 
1344 	case DL_CONNECT_RES:
1345 		return ("DL_CONNECT_RES");
1346 
1347 	case DL_CONNECT_CON:
1348 		return ("DL_CONNECT_CON");
1349 
1350 	case DL_TOKEN_REQ:
1351 		return ("DL_TOKEN_REQ");
1352 
1353 	case DL_TOKEN_ACK:
1354 		return ("DL_TOKEN_ACK");
1355 
1356 	case DL_DISCONNECT_REQ:
1357 		return ("DL_DISCONNECT_REQ");
1358 
1359 	case DL_DISCONNECT_IND:
1360 		return ("DL_DISCONNECT_IND");
1361 
1362 	case DL_RESET_REQ:
1363 		return ("DL_RESET_REQ");
1364 
1365 	case DL_RESET_IND:
1366 		return ("DL_RESET_IND");
1367 
1368 	case DL_RESET_RES:
1369 		return ("DL_RESET_RES");
1370 
1371 	case DL_RESET_CON:
1372 		return ("DL_RESET_CON");
1373 
1374 	default:
1375 		pcap_snprintf(primbuf, primbufsize, "unknown primitive 0x%x",
1376 		    prim);
1377 		return (primbuf);
1378 	}
1379 }
1380 
1381 static int
1382 dlbindreq(int fd, bpf_u_int32 sap, char *ebuf)
1383 {
1384 
1385 	dl_bind_req_t	req;
1386 
1387 	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
1388 	req.dl_primitive = DL_BIND_REQ;
1389 	/* XXX - what if neither of these are defined? */
1390 #if defined(DL_HP_RAWDLS)
1391 	req.dl_max_conind = 1;			/* XXX magic number */
1392 	req.dl_service_mode = DL_HP_RAWDLS;
1393 #elif defined(DL_CLDLS)
1394 	req.dl_service_mode = DL_CLDLS;
1395 #endif
1396 	req.dl_sap = sap;
1397 
1398 	return (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "bind", ebuf));
1399 }
1400 
1401 static int
1402 dlbindack(int fd, char *bufp, char *ebuf, int *uerror)
1403 {
1404 
1405 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_BIND_ACK_SIZE, "bind", bufp, ebuf, uerror));
1406 }
1407 
1408 static int
1409 dlokack(int fd, const char *what, char *bufp, char *ebuf)
1410 {
1411 
1412 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_OK_ACK_SIZE, what, bufp, ebuf, NULL));
1413 }
1414 
1415 
1416 static int
1417 dlinforeq(int fd, char *ebuf)
1418 {
1419 	dl_info_req_t req;
1420 
1421 	req.dl_primitive = DL_INFO_REQ;
1422 
1423 	return (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "info", ebuf));
1424 }
1425 
1426 static int
1427 dlinfoack(int fd, char *bufp, char *ebuf)
1428 {
1429 
1430 	return (recv_ack(fd, DL_INFO_ACK_SIZE, "info", bufp, ebuf, NULL));
1431 }
1432 
1433 #ifdef HAVE_DLPI_PASSIVE
1434 /*
1435  * Enable DLPI passive mode. We do not care if this request fails, as this
1436  * indicates the underlying DLPI device does not support link aggregation.
1437  */
1438 static void
1439 dlpassive(int fd, char *ebuf)
1440 {
1441 	dl_passive_req_t req;
1442 	bpf_u_int32 buf[MAXDLBUF];
1443 
1444 	req.dl_primitive = DL_PASSIVE_REQ;
1445 
1446 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "dlpassive", ebuf) == 0)
1447 	    (void) dlokack(fd, "dlpassive", (char *)buf, ebuf);
1448 }
1449 #endif
1450 
1451 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1452 /*
1453  * There's an ack *if* there's an error.
1454  */
1455 static int
1456 dlrawdatareq(int fd, const u_char *datap, int datalen)
1457 {
1458 	struct strbuf ctl, data;
1459 	long buf[MAXDLBUF];	/* XXX - char? */
1460 	union DL_primitives *dlp;
1461 	int dlen;
1462 
1463 	dlp = MAKE_DL_PRIMITIVES(buf);
1464 
1465 	dlp->dl_primitive = DL_HP_RAWDATA_REQ;
1466 	dlen = DL_HP_RAWDATA_REQ_SIZE;
1467 
1468 	/*
1469 	 * HP's documentation doesn't appear to show us supplying any
1470 	 * address pointed to by the control part of the message.
1471 	 * I think that's what raw mode means - you just send the raw
1472 	 * packet, you don't specify where to send it to, as that's
1473 	 * implied by the destination address.
1474 	 */
1475 	ctl.maxlen = 0;
1476 	ctl.len = dlen;
1477 	ctl.buf = (void *)buf;
1478 
1479 	data.maxlen = 0;
1480 	data.len = datalen;
1481 	data.buf = (void *)datap;
1482 
1483 	return (putmsg(fd, &ctl, &data, 0));
1484 }
1485 #endif /* DL_HP_RAWDLS */
1486 
1487 #if defined(HAVE_SOLARIS) && defined(HAVE_SYS_BUFMOD_H)
1488 static void
1489 get_release(char *buf, size_t bufsize, bpf_u_int32 *majorp,
1490     bpf_u_int32 *minorp, bpf_u_int32 *microp)
1491 {
1492 	char *cp;
1493 
1494 	*majorp = 0;
1495 	*minorp = 0;
1496 	*microp = 0;
1497 	if (sysinfo(SI_RELEASE, buf, bufsize) < 0) {
1498 		strlcpy(buf, "?", bufsize);
1499 		return;
1500 	}
1501 	cp = buf;
1502 	if (!isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))
1503 		return;
1504 	*majorp = strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1505 	if (*cp++ != '.')
1506 		return;
1507 	*minorp =  strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1508 	if (*cp++ != '.')
1509 		return;
1510 	*microp =  strtol(cp, &cp, 10);
1511 }
1512 #endif
1513 
1514 #ifdef DL_HP_PPA_REQ
1515 /*
1516  * Under HP-UX 10 and HP-UX 11, we can ask for the ppa
1517  */
1518 
1519 
1520 /*
1521  * Determine ppa number that specifies ifname.
1522  *
1523  * If the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" doesn't have a "dl_module_id_1" member,
1524  * the code that's used here is the old code for HP-UX 10.x.
1525  *
1526  * However, HP-UX 10.20, at least, appears to have such a member
1527  * in its "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure, so the new code is used.
1528  * The new code didn't work on an old 10.20 system on which Rick
1529  * Jones of HP tried it, but with later patches installed, it
1530  * worked - it appears that the older system had those members but
1531  * didn't put anything in them, so, if the search by name fails, we
1532  * do the old search.
1533  *
1534  * Rick suggests that making sure your system is "up on the latest
1535  * lancommon/DLPI/driver patches" is probably a good idea; it'd fix
1536  * that problem, as well as allowing libpcap to see packets sent
1537  * from the system on which the libpcap application is being run.
1538  * (On 10.20, in addition to getting the latest patches, you need
1539  * to turn the kernel "lanc_outbound_promisc_flag" flag on with ADB;
1540  * a posting to "comp.sys.hp.hpux" at
1541  *
1542  *	http://www.deja.com/[ST_rn=ps]/getdoc.xp?AN=558092266
1543  *
1544  * says that, to see the machine's outgoing traffic, you'd need to
1545  * apply the right patches to your system, and also set that variable
1546  * with:
1547 
1548 echo 'lanc_outbound_promisc_flag/W1' | /usr/bin/adb -w /stand/vmunix /dev/kmem
1549 
1550  * which could be put in, for example, "/sbin/init.d/lan".
1551  *
1552  * Setting the variable is not necessary on HP-UX 11.x.
1553  */
1554 static int
1555 get_dlpi_ppa(register int fd, register const char *device, register int unit,
1556     register char *ebuf)
1557 {
1558 	register dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *ap;
1559 	register dl_hp_ppa_info_t *ipstart, *ip;
1560 	register int i;
1561 	char dname[100];
1562 	register u_long majdev;
1563 	struct stat statbuf;
1564 	dl_hp_ppa_req_t	req;
1565 	char buf[MAXDLBUF];
1566 	char *ppa_data_buf;
1567 	dl_hp_ppa_ack_t	*dlp;
1568 	struct strbuf ctl;
1569 	int flags;
1570 	int ppa;
1571 
1572 	memset((char *)&req, 0, sizeof(req));
1573 	req.dl_primitive = DL_HP_PPA_REQ;
1574 
1575 	memset((char *)buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
1576 	if (send_request(fd, (char *)&req, sizeof(req), "hpppa", ebuf) < 0)
1577 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1578 
1579 	ctl.maxlen = DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE;
1580 	ctl.len = 0;
1581 	ctl.buf = (char *)buf;
1582 
1583 	flags = 0;
1584 	/*
1585 	 * DLPI may return a big chunk of data for a DL_HP_PPA_REQ. The normal
1586 	 * recv_ack will fail because it set the maxlen to MAXDLBUF (8192)
1587 	 * which is NOT big enough for a DL_HP_PPA_REQ.
1588 	 *
1589 	 * This causes libpcap applications to fail on a system with HP-APA
1590 	 * installed.
1591 	 *
1592 	 * To figure out how big the returned data is, we first call getmsg
1593 	 * to get the small head and peek at the head to get the actual data
1594 	 * length, and  then issue another getmsg to get the actual PPA data.
1595 	 */
1596 	/* get the head first */
1597 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1598 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1599 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg: %s", pcap_strerror(errno));
1600 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1601 	}
1602 
1603 	dlp = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)ctl.buf;
1604 	if (dlp->dl_primitive != DL_HP_PPA_ACK) {
1605 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1606 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa unexpected primitive ack 0x%x",
1607 		    (bpf_u_int32)dlp->dl_primitive);
1608 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1609 	}
1610 
1611 	if (ctl.len < DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE) {
1612 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1613 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa ack too small (%d < %lu)",
1614 		     ctl.len, (unsigned long)DL_HP_PPA_ACK_SIZE);
1615 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1616 	}
1617 
1618 	/* allocate buffer */
1619 	if ((ppa_data_buf = (char *)malloc(dlp->dl_length)) == NULL) {
1620 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1621 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa malloc: %s", pcap_strerror(errno));
1622 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1623 	}
1624 	ctl.maxlen = dlp->dl_length;
1625 	ctl.len = 0;
1626 	ctl.buf = (char *)ppa_data_buf;
1627 	/* get the data */
1628 	if (getmsg(fd, &ctl, (struct strbuf *)NULL, &flags) < 0) {
1629 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1630 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa getmsg: %s", pcap_strerror(errno));
1631 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1632 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1633 	}
1634 	if (ctl.len < dlp->dl_length) {
1635 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1636 		    "get_dlpi_ppa: hpppa ack too small (%d < %lu)",
1637 		    ctl.len, (unsigned long)dlp->dl_length);
1638 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1639 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1640 	}
1641 
1642 	ap = (dl_hp_ppa_ack_t *)buf;
1643 	ipstart = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)ppa_data_buf;
1644 	ip = ipstart;
1645 
1646 #ifdef HAVE_HP_PPA_INFO_T_DL_MODULE_ID_1
1647 	/*
1648 	 * The "dl_hp_ppa_info_t" structure has a "dl_module_id_1"
1649 	 * member that should, in theory, contain the part of the
1650 	 * name for the device that comes before the unit number,
1651 	 * and should also have a "dl_module_id_2" member that may
1652 	 * contain an alternate name (e.g., I think Ethernet devices
1653 	 * have both "lan", for "lanN", and "snap", for "snapN", with
1654 	 * the former being for Ethernet packets and the latter being
1655 	 * for 802.3/802.2 packets).
1656 	 *
1657 	 * Search for the device that has the specified name and
1658 	 * instance number.
1659 	 */
1660 	for (i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
1661 		if ((strcmp((const char *)ip->dl_module_id_1, device) == 0 ||
1662 		     strcmp((const char *)ip->dl_module_id_2, device) == 0) &&
1663 		    ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
1664 			break;
1665 
1666 		ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ipstart + ip->dl_next_offset);
1667 	}
1668 #else
1669 	/*
1670 	 * We don't have that member, so the search is impossible; make it
1671 	 * look as if the search failed.
1672 	 */
1673 	i = ap->dl_count;
1674 #endif
1675 
1676 	if (i == ap->dl_count) {
1677 		/*
1678 		 * Well, we didn't, or can't, find the device by name.
1679 		 *
1680 		 * HP-UX 10.20, whilst it has "dl_module_id_1" and
1681 		 * "dl_module_id_2" fields in the "dl_hp_ppa_info_t",
1682 		 * doesn't seem to fill them in unless the system is
1683 		 * at a reasonably up-to-date patch level.
1684 		 *
1685 		 * Older HP-UX 10.x systems might not have those fields
1686 		 * at all.
1687 		 *
1688 		 * Therefore, we'll search for the entry with the major
1689 		 * device number of a device with the name "/dev/<dev><unit>",
1690 		 * if such a device exists, as the old code did.
1691 		 */
1692 		pcap_snprintf(dname, sizeof(dname), "/dev/%s%d", device, unit);
1693 		if (stat(dname, &statbuf) < 0) {
1694 			pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "stat: %s: %s",
1695 			    dname, pcap_strerror(errno));
1696 			return (PCAP_ERROR);
1697 		}
1698 		majdev = major(statbuf.st_rdev);
1699 
1700 		ip = ipstart;
1701 
1702 		for (i = 0; i < ap->dl_count; i++) {
1703 			if (ip->dl_mjr_num == majdev &&
1704 			    ip->dl_instance_num == unit)
1705 				break;
1706 
1707 			ip = (dl_hp_ppa_info_t *)((u_char *)ipstart + ip->dl_next_offset);
1708 		}
1709 	}
1710 	if (i == ap->dl_count) {
1711 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1712 		    "can't find /dev/dlpi PPA for %s%d", device, unit);
1713 		return (PCAP_ERROR_NO_SUCH_DEVICE);
1714 	}
1715 	if (ip->dl_hdw_state == HDW_DEAD) {
1716 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1717 		    "%s%d: hardware state: DOWN\n", device, unit);
1718 		free(ppa_data_buf);
1719 		return (PCAP_ERROR);
1720 	}
1721 	ppa = ip->dl_ppa;
1722 	free(ppa_data_buf);
1723 	return (ppa);
1724 }
1725 #endif
1726 
1727 #ifdef HAVE_HPUX9
1728 /*
1729  * Under HP-UX 9, there is no good way to determine the ppa.
1730  * So punt and read it from /dev/kmem.
1731  */
1732 static struct nlist nl[] = {
1733 #define NL_IFNET 0
1734 	{ "ifnet" },
1735 	{ "" }
1736 };
1737 
1738 static char path_vmunix[] = "/hp-ux";
1739 
1740 /* Determine ppa number that specifies ifname */
1741 static int
1742 get_dlpi_ppa(register int fd, register const char *ifname, register int unit,
1743     register char *ebuf)
1744 {
1745 	register const char *cp;
1746 	register int kd;
1747 	void *addr;
1748 	struct ifnet ifnet;
1749 	char if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name) + 1];
1750 
1751 	cp = strrchr(ifname, '/');
1752 	if (cp != NULL)
1753 		ifname = cp + 1;
1754 	if (nlist(path_vmunix, &nl) < 0) {
1755 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "nlist %s failed",
1756 		    path_vmunix);
1757 		return (-1);
1758 	}
1759 	if (nl[NL_IFNET].n_value == 0) {
1760 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE,
1761 		    "could't find %s kernel symbol",
1762 		    nl[NL_IFNET].n_name);
1763 		return (-1);
1764 	}
1765 	kd = open("/dev/kmem", O_RDONLY);
1766 	if (kd < 0) {
1767 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "kmem open: %s",
1768 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
1769 		return (-1);
1770 	}
1771 	if (dlpi_kread(kd, nl[NL_IFNET].n_value,
1772 	    &addr, sizeof(addr), ebuf) < 0) {
1773 		close(kd);
1774 		return (-1);
1775 	}
1776 	for (; addr != NULL; addr = ifnet.if_next) {
1777 		if (dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)addr,
1778 		    &ifnet, sizeof(ifnet), ebuf) < 0 ||
1779 		    dlpi_kread(kd, (off_t)ifnet.if_name,
1780 		    if_name, sizeof(ifnet.if_name), ebuf) < 0) {
1781 			(void)close(kd);
1782 			return (-1);
1783 		}
1784 		if_name[sizeof(ifnet.if_name)] = '\0';
1785 		if (strcmp(if_name, ifname) == 0 && ifnet.if_unit == unit)
1786 			return (ifnet.if_index);
1787 	}
1788 
1789 	pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "Can't find %s", ifname);
1790 	return (-1);
1791 }
1792 
1793 static int
1794 dlpi_kread(register int fd, register off_t addr,
1795     register void *buf, register u_int len, register char *ebuf)
1796 {
1797 	register int cc;
1798 
1799 	if (lseek(fd, addr, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
1800 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "lseek: %s",
1801 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
1802 		return (-1);
1803 	}
1804 	cc = read(fd, buf, len);
1805 	if (cc < 0) {
1806 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "read: %s",
1807 		    pcap_strerror(errno));
1808 		return (-1);
1809 	} else if (cc != len) {
1810 		pcap_snprintf(ebuf, PCAP_ERRBUF_SIZE, "short read (%d != %d)", cc,
1811 		    len);
1812 		return (-1);
1813 	}
1814 	return (cc);
1815 }
1816 #endif
1817 
1818 pcap_t *
1819 pcap_create_interface(const char *device _U_, char *ebuf)
1820 {
1821 	pcap_t *p;
1822 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1823 	struct pcap_dlpi *pd;
1824 #endif
1825 
1826 	p = pcap_create_common(ebuf, sizeof (struct pcap_dlpi));
1827 	if (p == NULL)
1828 		return (NULL);
1829 
1830 #ifdef DL_HP_RAWDLS
1831 	pd = p->priv;
1832 	pd->send_fd = -1;	/* it hasn't been opened yet */
1833 #endif
1834 
1835 	p->activate_op = pcap_activate_dlpi;
1836 	return (p);
1837 }
1838