xref: /freebsd/contrib/libexecinfo/backtrace.c (revision f81cdf24ba5436367377f7c8e8f51f6df2a75ca7)
1 /*	$NetBSD: backtrace.c,v 1.3 2013/08/29 14:58:56 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2012 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __RCSID("$NetBSD: backtrace.c,v 1.3 2013/08/29 14:58:56 christos Exp $");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <assert.h>
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <string.h>
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 #include <stdarg.h>
40 #include <stdint.h>
41 #include <stddef.h>
42 #include <unistd.h>
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <dlfcn.h>
45 #include <elf.h>
46 
47 #include "execinfo.h"
48 #include "symtab.h"
49 
50 #ifdef __linux__
51 #define SELF	"/proc/self/exe"
52 #else
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
54 #define SELF	"/proc/curproc/file"
55 #endif
56 
57 static int
58 open_self(int flags)
59 {
60 	const char *pathname = SELF;
61 #ifdef KERN_PROC_PATHNAME
62 	static const int name[] = {
63 		CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, -1,
64 	};
65 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
66 	size_t len;
67 
68 	len = sizeof(path);
69 	if (sysctl(name, 4, path, &len, NULL, 0) != -1)
70 		pathname = path;
71 #endif
72 	return open(pathname, flags);
73 }
74 
75 
76 static int __printflike(4, 5)
77 rasprintf(char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs, const char *fmt, ...)
78 {
79 	for (;;) {
80 		size_t nbufsiz;
81 		char *nbuf;
82 
83 		if (*buf && offs < *bufsiz) {
84 			va_list ap;
85 			int len;
86 
87 			va_start(ap, fmt);
88 			len = vsnprintf(*buf + offs, *bufsiz - offs, fmt, ap);
89 			va_end(ap);
90 
91 			if (len < 0 || (size_t)len + 1 < *bufsiz - offs)
92 				return len;
93 			nbufsiz = MAX(*bufsiz + 512, (size_t)len + 1);
94 		} else
95 			nbufsiz = MAX(offs, *bufsiz) + 512;
96 
97 		nbuf = realloc(*buf, nbufsiz);
98 		if (nbuf == NULL)
99 			return -1;
100 		*buf = nbuf;
101 		*bufsiz = nbufsiz;
102 	}
103 }
104 
105 /*
106  * format specifiers:
107  *	%a	= address
108  *	%n	= symbol_name
109  *	%d	= symbol_address - address
110  *	%D	= if symbol_address == address "" else +%d
111  *	%f	= filename
112  */
113 static ssize_t
114 format_string(char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs, const char *fmt,
115     Dl_info *dli, const void *addr)
116 {
117 	ptrdiff_t diff = (const char *)addr - (const char *)dli->dli_saddr;
118 	size_t o = offs;
119 	int len;
120 
121 	for (; *fmt; fmt++) {
122 		if (*fmt != '%')
123 			goto printone;
124 		switch (*++fmt) {
125 		case 'a':
126 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%p", addr);
127 			break;
128 		case 'n':
129 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%s", dli->dli_sname);
130 			break;
131 		case 'D':
132 			if (diff)
133 				len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "+0x%tx", diff);
134 			else
135 				len = 0;
136 			break;
137 		case 'd':
138 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "0x%tx", diff);
139 			break;
140 		case 'f':
141 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%s", dli->dli_fname);
142 			break;
143 		default:
144 		printone:
145 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%c", *fmt);
146 			break;
147 		}
148 		if (len == -1)
149 			return -1;
150 		o += len;
151 	}
152 	return o - offs;
153 }
154 
155 static ssize_t
156 format_address(symtab_t *st, char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs,
157     const char *fmt, const void *addr)
158 {
159 	Dl_info dli;
160 
161 	memset(&dli, 0, sizeof(dli));
162 	(void)dladdr(addr, &dli);
163 	if (st)
164 		symtab_find(st, addr, &dli);
165 
166 	if (dli.dli_sname == NULL)
167 		dli.dli_sname = "???";
168 	if (dli.dli_fname == NULL)
169 		dli.dli_fname = "???";
170 	if (dli.dli_saddr == NULL)
171 		dli.dli_saddr = (void *)(intptr_t)addr;
172 
173 	return format_string(buf, bufsiz, offs, fmt, &dli, addr);
174 }
175 
176 char **
177 backtrace_symbols_fmt(void *const *trace, size_t len, const char *fmt)
178 {
179 
180 	static const size_t slen = sizeof(char *) + 64;	/* estimate */
181 	char *ptr;
182 	symtab_t *st;
183 	int fd;
184 
185 	if ((fd = open_self(O_RDONLY)) != -1)
186 		st = symtab_create(fd, -1, STT_FUNC);
187 	else
188 		st = NULL;
189 
190 	if ((ptr = calloc(len, slen)) == NULL)
191 		goto out;
192 
193 	size_t psize = len * slen;
194 	size_t offs = len * sizeof(char *);
195 
196 	/* We store only offsets in the first pass because of realloc */
197 	for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
198 		ssize_t x;
199 		((char **)(void *)ptr)[i] = (void *)offs;
200 		x = format_address(st, &ptr, &psize, offs, fmt, trace[i]);
201 		if (x == -1) {
202 			free(ptr);
203 			ptr = NULL;
204 			goto out;
205 		}
206 		offs += x;
207 		ptr[offs++] = '\0';
208 		assert(offs < psize);
209 	}
210 
211 	/* Change offsets to pointers */
212 	for (size_t j = 0; j < len; j++)
213 		((char **)(void *)ptr)[j] += (intptr_t)ptr;
214 
215 out:
216 	symtab_destroy(st);
217 	if (fd != -1)
218 		(void)close(fd);
219 
220 	return (void *)ptr;
221 }
222 
223 int
224 backtrace_symbols_fd_fmt(void *const *trace, size_t len, int fd,
225     const char *fmt)
226 {
227 	char **s = backtrace_symbols_fmt(trace, len, fmt);
228 	if (s == NULL)
229 		return -1;
230 	for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
231 		if (dprintf(fd, "%s\n", s[i]) < 0)
232 			break;
233 	free(s);
234 	return 0;
235 }
236 
237 static const char fmt[] = "%a <%n%D> at %f";
238 
239 char **
240 backtrace_symbols(void *const *trace, size_t len)
241 {
242 	return backtrace_symbols_fmt(trace, len, fmt);
243 }
244 
245 int
246 backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const *trace, size_t len, int fd)
247 {
248 	return backtrace_symbols_fd_fmt(trace, len, fd, fmt);
249 }
250