xref: /freebsd/contrib/libexecinfo/backtrace.c (revision 5748b897da441d1f10e1fe0c39155ea33d6d383a)
1 /*	$NetBSD: backtrace.c,v 1.3 2013/08/29 14:58:56 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2012 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
32 __RCSID("$NetBSD: backtrace.c,v 1.3 2013/08/29 14:58:56 christos Exp $");
33 
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <assert.h>
36 #define _WITH_DPRINTF
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <stdarg.h>
41 #include <stdint.h>
42 #include <stddef.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <dlfcn.h>
46 #include <elf.h>
47 
48 #include "execinfo.h"
49 #include "symtab.h"
50 
51 #ifdef __linux__
52 #define SELF	"/proc/self/exe"
53 #else
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 #define SELF	"/proc/curproc/file"
56 #endif
57 
58 static int
59 open_self(int flags)
60 {
61 	const char *pathname = SELF;
62 #ifdef KERN_PROC_PATHNAME
63 	static const int name[] = {
64 		CTL_KERN, KERN_PROC, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME, -1,
65 	};
66 	char path[MAXPATHLEN];
67 	size_t len;
68 
69 	len = sizeof(path);
70 	if (sysctl(name, 4, path, &len, NULL, 0) != -1)
71 		pathname = path;
72 #endif
73 	return open(pathname, flags);
74 }
75 
76 
77 static int __printflike(4, 5)
78 rasprintf(char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs, const char *fmt, ...)
79 {
80 	for (;;) {
81 		size_t nbufsiz;
82 		char *nbuf;
83 
84 		if (*buf && offs < *bufsiz) {
85 			va_list ap;
86 			int len;
87 
88 			va_start(ap, fmt);
89 			len = vsnprintf(*buf + offs, *bufsiz - offs, fmt, ap);
90 			va_end(ap);
91 
92 			if (len < 0 || (size_t)len + 1 < *bufsiz - offs)
93 				return len;
94 			nbufsiz = MAX(*bufsiz + 512, (size_t)len + 1);
95 		} else
96 			nbufsiz = MAX(offs, *bufsiz) + 512;
97 
98 		nbuf = realloc(*buf, nbufsiz);
99 		if (nbuf == NULL)
100 			return -1;
101 		*buf = nbuf;
102 		*bufsiz = nbufsiz;
103 	}
104 }
105 
106 /*
107  * format specifiers:
108  *	%a	= address
109  *	%n	= symbol_name
110  *	%d	= symbol_address - address
111  *	%D	= if symbol_address == address "" else +%d
112  *	%f	= filename
113  */
114 static ssize_t
115 format_string(char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs, const char *fmt,
116     Dl_info *dli, const void *addr)
117 {
118 	ptrdiff_t diff = (const char *)addr - (const char *)dli->dli_saddr;
119 	size_t o = offs;
120 	int len;
121 
122 	for (; *fmt; fmt++) {
123 		if (*fmt != '%')
124 			goto printone;
125 		switch (*++fmt) {
126 		case 'a':
127 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%p", addr);
128 			break;
129 		case 'n':
130 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%s", dli->dli_sname);
131 			break;
132 		case 'D':
133 			if (diff)
134 				len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "+0x%tx", diff);
135 			else
136 				len = 0;
137 			break;
138 		case 'd':
139 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "0x%tx", diff);
140 			break;
141 		case 'f':
142 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%s", dli->dli_fname);
143 			break;
144 		default:
145 		printone:
146 			len = rasprintf(buf, bufsiz, o, "%c", *fmt);
147 			break;
148 		}
149 		if (len == -1)
150 			return -1;
151 		o += len;
152 	}
153 	return o - offs;
154 }
155 
156 static ssize_t
157 format_address(symtab_t *st, char **buf, size_t *bufsiz, size_t offs,
158     const char *fmt, const void *addr)
159 {
160 	Dl_info dli;
161 
162 	memset(&dli, 0, sizeof(dli));
163 	(void)dladdr(addr, &dli);
164 	if (st)
165 		symtab_find(st, addr, &dli);
166 
167 	if (dli.dli_sname == NULL)
168 		dli.dli_sname = "???";
169 	if (dli.dli_fname == NULL)
170 		dli.dli_fname = "???";
171 	if (dli.dli_saddr == NULL)
172 		dli.dli_saddr = (void *)(intptr_t)addr;
173 
174 	return format_string(buf, bufsiz, offs, fmt, &dli, addr);
175 }
176 
177 char **
178 backtrace_symbols_fmt(void *const *trace, size_t len, const char *fmt)
179 {
180 
181 	static const size_t slen = sizeof(char *) + 64;	/* estimate */
182 	char *ptr;
183 	symtab_t *st;
184 	int fd;
185 
186 	if ((fd = open_self(O_RDONLY)) != -1)
187 		st = symtab_create(fd, -1, STT_FUNC);
188 	else
189 		st = NULL;
190 
191 	if ((ptr = calloc(len, slen)) == NULL)
192 		goto out;
193 
194 	size_t psize = len * slen;
195 	size_t offs = len * sizeof(char *);
196 
197 	/* We store only offsets in the first pass because of realloc */
198 	for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++) {
199 		ssize_t x;
200 		((char **)(void *)ptr)[i] = (void *)offs;
201 		x = format_address(st, &ptr, &psize, offs, fmt, trace[i]);
202 		if (x == -1) {
203 			free(ptr);
204 			ptr = NULL;
205 			goto out;
206 		}
207 		offs += x;
208 		ptr[offs++] = '\0';
209 		assert(offs < psize);
210 	}
211 
212 	/* Change offsets to pointers */
213 	for (size_t j = 0; j < len; j++)
214 		((char **)(void *)ptr)[j] += (intptr_t)ptr;
215 
216 out:
217 	symtab_destroy(st);
218 	if (fd != -1)
219 		(void)close(fd);
220 
221 	return (void *)ptr;
222 }
223 
224 int
225 backtrace_symbols_fd_fmt(void *const *trace, size_t len, int fd,
226     const char *fmt)
227 {
228 	char **s = backtrace_symbols_fmt(trace, len, fmt);
229 	if (s == NULL)
230 		return -1;
231 	for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
232 		if (dprintf(fd, "%s\n", s[i]) < 0)
233 			break;
234 	free(s);
235 	return 0;
236 }
237 
238 static const char fmt[] = "%a <%n%D> at %f";
239 
240 char **
241 backtrace_symbols(void *const *trace, size_t len)
242 {
243 	return backtrace_symbols_fmt(trace, len, fmt);
244 }
245 
246 int
247 backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const *trace, size_t len, int fd)
248 {
249 	return backtrace_symbols_fd_fmt(trace, len, fd, fmt);
250 }
251