xref: /freebsd/contrib/file/src/encoding.c (revision ec273ebf3b6aed5fba8c56b6ece5ad8693a48ea7)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1995.
3  * Software written by Ian F. Darwin and others;
4  * maintained 1995-present by Christos Zoulas and others.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
11  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
20  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 /*
29  * Encoding -- determine the character encoding of a text file.
30  *
31  * Joerg Wunsch <joerg@freebsd.org> wrote the original support for 8-bit
32  * international characters.
33  */
34 
35 #include "file.h"
36 
37 #ifndef	lint
38 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: encoding.c,v 1.10 2014/09/11 12:08:52 christos Exp $")
39 #endif	/* lint */
40 
41 #include "magic.h"
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <memory.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 
46 
47 private int looks_ascii(const unsigned char *, size_t, unichar *, size_t *);
48 private int looks_utf8_with_BOM(const unsigned char *, size_t, unichar *,
49     size_t *);
50 private int looks_ucs16(const unsigned char *, size_t, unichar *, size_t *);
51 private int looks_latin1(const unsigned char *, size_t, unichar *, size_t *);
52 private int looks_extended(const unsigned char *, size_t, unichar *, size_t *);
53 private void from_ebcdic(const unsigned char *, size_t, unsigned char *);
54 
55 #ifdef DEBUG_ENCODING
56 #define DPRINTF(a) printf a
57 #else
58 #define DPRINTF(a)
59 #endif
60 
61 /*
62  * Try to determine whether text is in some character code we can
63  * identify.  Each of these tests, if it succeeds, will leave
64  * the text converted into one-unichar-per-character Unicode in
65  * ubuf, and the number of characters converted in ulen.
66  */
67 protected int
68 file_encoding(struct magic_set *ms, const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar **ubuf, size_t *ulen, const char **code, const char **code_mime, const char **type)
69 {
70 	size_t mlen;
71 	int rv = 1, ucs_type;
72 	unsigned char *nbuf = NULL;
73 
74 	*type = "text";
75 	*ulen = 0;
76 	*code = "unknown";
77 	*code_mime = "binary";
78 
79 	mlen = (nbytes + 1) * sizeof((*ubuf)[0]);
80 	if ((*ubuf = CAST(unichar *, calloc((size_t)1, mlen))) == NULL) {
81 		file_oomem(ms, mlen);
82 		goto done;
83 	}
84 	mlen = (nbytes + 1) * sizeof(nbuf[0]);
85 	if ((nbuf = CAST(unsigned char *, calloc((size_t)1, mlen))) == NULL) {
86 		file_oomem(ms, mlen);
87 		goto done;
88 	}
89 
90 	if (looks_ascii(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) {
91 		DPRINTF(("ascii %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
92 		*code = "ASCII";
93 		*code_mime = "us-ascii";
94 	} else if (looks_utf8_with_BOM(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen) > 0) {
95 		DPRINTF(("utf8/bom %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
96 		*code = "UTF-8 Unicode (with BOM)";
97 		*code_mime = "utf-8";
98 	} else if (file_looks_utf8(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen) > 1) {
99 		DPRINTF(("utf8 %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
100 		*code = "UTF-8 Unicode";
101 		*code_mime = "utf-8";
102 	} else if ((ucs_type = looks_ucs16(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) != 0) {
103 		if (ucs_type == 1) {
104 			*code = "Little-endian UTF-16 Unicode";
105 			*code_mime = "utf-16le";
106 		} else {
107 			*code = "Big-endian UTF-16 Unicode";
108 			*code_mime = "utf-16be";
109 		}
110 		DPRINTF(("ucs16 %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
111 	} else if (looks_latin1(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) {
112 		DPRINTF(("latin1 %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
113 		*code = "ISO-8859";
114 		*code_mime = "iso-8859-1";
115 	} else if (looks_extended(buf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) {
116 		DPRINTF(("extended %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
117 		*code = "Non-ISO extended-ASCII";
118 		*code_mime = "unknown-8bit";
119 	} else {
120 		from_ebcdic(buf, nbytes, nbuf);
121 
122 		if (looks_ascii(nbuf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) {
123 			DPRINTF(("ebcdic %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n", *ulen));
124 			*code = "EBCDIC";
125 			*code_mime = "ebcdic";
126 		} else if (looks_latin1(nbuf, nbytes, *ubuf, ulen)) {
127 			DPRINTF(("ebcdic/international %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u\n",
128 			    *ulen));
129 			*code = "International EBCDIC";
130 			*code_mime = "ebcdic";
131 		} else { /* Doesn't look like text at all */
132 			DPRINTF(("binary\n"));
133 			rv = 0;
134 			*type = "binary";
135 		}
136 	}
137 
138  done:
139 	free(nbuf);
140 
141 	return rv;
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * This table reflects a particular philosophy about what constitutes
146  * "text," and there is room for disagreement about it.
147  *
148  * Version 3.31 of the file command considered a file to be ASCII if
149  * each of its characters was approved by either the isascii() or
150  * isalpha() function.  On most systems, this would mean that any
151  * file consisting only of characters in the range 0x00 ... 0x7F
152  * would be called ASCII text, but many systems might reasonably
153  * consider some characters outside this range to be alphabetic,
154  * so the file command would call such characters ASCII.  It might
155  * have been more accurate to call this "considered textual on the
156  * local system" than "ASCII."
157  *
158  * It considered a file to be "International language text" if each
159  * of its characters was either an ASCII printing character (according
160  * to the real ASCII standard, not the above test), a character in
161  * the range 0x80 ... 0xFF, or one of the following control characters:
162  * backspace, tab, line feed, vertical tab, form feed, carriage return,
163  * escape.  No attempt was made to determine the language in which files
164  * of this type were written.
165  *
166  *
167  * The table below considers a file to be ASCII if all of its characters
168  * are either ASCII printing characters (again, according to the X3.4
169  * standard, not isascii()) or any of the following controls: bell,
170  * backspace, tab, line feed, form feed, carriage return, esc, nextline.
171  *
172  * I include bell because some programs (particularly shell scripts)
173  * use it literally, even though it is rare in normal text.  I exclude
174  * vertical tab because it never seems to be used in real text.  I also
175  * include, with hesitation, the X3.64/ECMA-43 control nextline (0x85),
176  * because that's what the dd EBCDIC->ASCII table maps the EBCDIC newline
177  * character to.  It might be more appropriate to include it in the 8859
178  * set instead of the ASCII set, but it's got to be included in *something*
179  * we recognize or EBCDIC files aren't going to be considered textual.
180  * Some old Unix source files use SO/SI (^N/^O) to shift between Greek
181  * and Latin characters, so these should possibly be allowed.  But they
182  * make a real mess on VT100-style displays if they're not paired properly,
183  * so we are probably better off not calling them text.
184  *
185  * A file is considered to be ISO-8859 text if its characters are all
186  * either ASCII, according to the above definition, or printing characters
187  * from the ISO-8859 8-bit extension, characters 0xA0 ... 0xFF.
188  *
189  * Finally, a file is considered to be international text from some other
190  * character code if its characters are all either ISO-8859 (according to
191  * the above definition) or characters in the range 0x80 ... 0x9F, which
192  * ISO-8859 considers to be control characters but the IBM PC and Macintosh
193  * consider to be printing characters.
194  */
195 
196 #define F 0   /* character never appears in text */
197 #define T 1   /* character appears in plain ASCII text */
198 #define I 2   /* character appears in ISO-8859 text */
199 #define X 3   /* character appears in non-ISO extended ASCII (Mac, IBM PC) */
200 
201 private char text_chars[256] = {
202 	/*                  BEL BS HT LF    FF CR    */
203 	F, F, F, F, F, F, F, T, T, T, T, F, T, T, F, F,  /* 0x0X */
204 	/*                              ESC          */
205 	F, F, F, F, F, F, F, F, F, F, F, T, F, F, F, F,  /* 0x1X */
206 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T,  /* 0x2X */
207 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T,  /* 0x3X */
208 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T,  /* 0x4X */
209 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T,  /* 0x5X */
210 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T,  /* 0x6X */
211 	T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, T, F,  /* 0x7X */
212 	/*            NEL                            */
213 	X, X, X, X, X, T, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X,  /* 0x8X */
214 	X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X,  /* 0x9X */
215 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,  /* 0xaX */
216 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,  /* 0xbX */
217 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,  /* 0xcX */
218 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,  /* 0xdX */
219 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,  /* 0xeX */
220 	I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I   /* 0xfX */
221 };
222 
223 private int
224 looks_ascii(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf,
225     size_t *ulen)
226 {
227 	size_t i;
228 
229 	*ulen = 0;
230 
231 	for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++) {
232 		int t = text_chars[buf[i]];
233 
234 		if (t != T)
235 			return 0;
236 
237 		ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i];
238 	}
239 
240 	return 1;
241 }
242 
243 private int
244 looks_latin1(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf, size_t *ulen)
245 {
246 	size_t i;
247 
248 	*ulen = 0;
249 
250 	for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++) {
251 		int t = text_chars[buf[i]];
252 
253 		if (t != T && t != I)
254 			return 0;
255 
256 		ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i];
257 	}
258 
259 	return 1;
260 }
261 
262 private int
263 looks_extended(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf,
264     size_t *ulen)
265 {
266 	size_t i;
267 
268 	*ulen = 0;
269 
270 	for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++) {
271 		int t = text_chars[buf[i]];
272 
273 		if (t != T && t != I && t != X)
274 			return 0;
275 
276 		ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i];
277 	}
278 
279 	return 1;
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Decide whether some text looks like UTF-8. Returns:
284  *
285  *     -1: invalid UTF-8
286  *      0: uses odd control characters, so doesn't look like text
287  *      1: 7-bit text
288  *      2: definitely UTF-8 text (valid high-bit set bytes)
289  *
290  * If ubuf is non-NULL on entry, text is decoded into ubuf, *ulen;
291  * ubuf must be big enough!
292  */
293 protected int
294 file_looks_utf8(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf, size_t *ulen)
295 {
296 	size_t i;
297 	int n;
298 	unichar c;
299 	int gotone = 0, ctrl = 0;
300 
301 	if (ubuf)
302 		*ulen = 0;
303 
304 	for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++) {
305 		if ((buf[i] & 0x80) == 0) {	   /* 0xxxxxxx is plain ASCII */
306 			/*
307 			 * Even if the whole file is valid UTF-8 sequences,
308 			 * still reject it if it uses weird control characters.
309 			 */
310 
311 			if (text_chars[buf[i]] != T)
312 				ctrl = 1;
313 
314 			if (ubuf)
315 				ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i];
316 		} else if ((buf[i] & 0x40) == 0) { /* 10xxxxxx never 1st byte */
317 			return -1;
318 		} else {			   /* 11xxxxxx begins UTF-8 */
319 			int following;
320 
321 			if ((buf[i] & 0x20) == 0) {		/* 110xxxxx */
322 				c = buf[i] & 0x1f;
323 				following = 1;
324 			} else if ((buf[i] & 0x10) == 0) {	/* 1110xxxx */
325 				c = buf[i] & 0x0f;
326 				following = 2;
327 			} else if ((buf[i] & 0x08) == 0) {	/* 11110xxx */
328 				c = buf[i] & 0x07;
329 				following = 3;
330 			} else if ((buf[i] & 0x04) == 0) {	/* 111110xx */
331 				c = buf[i] & 0x03;
332 				following = 4;
333 			} else if ((buf[i] & 0x02) == 0) {	/* 1111110x */
334 				c = buf[i] & 0x01;
335 				following = 5;
336 			} else
337 				return -1;
338 
339 			for (n = 0; n < following; n++) {
340 				i++;
341 				if (i >= nbytes)
342 					goto done;
343 
344 				if ((buf[i] & 0x80) == 0 || (buf[i] & 0x40))
345 					return -1;
346 
347 				c = (c << 6) + (buf[i] & 0x3f);
348 			}
349 
350 			if (ubuf)
351 				ubuf[(*ulen)++] = c;
352 			gotone = 1;
353 		}
354 	}
355 done:
356 	return ctrl ? 0 : (gotone ? 2 : 1);
357 }
358 
359 /*
360  * Decide whether some text looks like UTF-8 with BOM. If there is no
361  * BOM, return -1; otherwise return the result of looks_utf8 on the
362  * rest of the text.
363  */
364 private int
365 looks_utf8_with_BOM(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf,
366     size_t *ulen)
367 {
368 	if (nbytes > 3 && buf[0] == 0xef && buf[1] == 0xbb && buf[2] == 0xbf)
369 		return file_looks_utf8(buf + 3, nbytes - 3, ubuf, ulen);
370 	else
371 		return -1;
372 }
373 
374 private int
375 looks_ucs16(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unichar *ubuf,
376     size_t *ulen)
377 {
378 	int bigend;
379 	size_t i;
380 
381 	if (nbytes < 2)
382 		return 0;
383 
384 	if (buf[0] == 0xff && buf[1] == 0xfe)
385 		bigend = 0;
386 	else if (buf[0] == 0xfe && buf[1] == 0xff)
387 		bigend = 1;
388 	else
389 		return 0;
390 
391 	*ulen = 0;
392 
393 	for (i = 2; i + 1 < nbytes; i += 2) {
394 		/* XXX fix to properly handle chars > 65536 */
395 
396 		if (bigend)
397 			ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i + 1] + 256 * buf[i];
398 		else
399 			ubuf[(*ulen)++] = buf[i] + 256 * buf[i + 1];
400 
401 		if (ubuf[*ulen - 1] == 0xfffe)
402 			return 0;
403 		if (ubuf[*ulen - 1] < 128 &&
404 		    text_chars[(size_t)ubuf[*ulen - 1]] != T)
405 			return 0;
406 	}
407 
408 	return 1 + bigend;
409 }
410 
411 #undef F
412 #undef T
413 #undef I
414 #undef X
415 
416 /*
417  * This table maps each EBCDIC character to an (8-bit extended) ASCII
418  * character, as specified in the rationale for the dd(1) command in
419  * draft 11.2 (September, 1991) of the POSIX P1003.2 standard.
420  *
421  * Unfortunately it does not seem to correspond exactly to any of the
422  * five variants of EBCDIC documented in IBM's _Enterprise Systems
423  * Architecture/390: Principles of Operation_, SA22-7201-06, Seventh
424  * Edition, July, 1999, pp. I-1 - I-4.
425  *
426  * Fortunately, though, all versions of EBCDIC, including this one, agree
427  * on most of the printing characters that also appear in (7-bit) ASCII.
428  * Of these, only '|', '!', '~', '^', '[', and ']' are in question at all.
429  *
430  * Fortunately too, there is general agreement that codes 0x00 through
431  * 0x3F represent control characters, 0x41 a nonbreaking space, and the
432  * remainder printing characters.
433  *
434  * This is sufficient to allow us to identify EBCDIC text and to distinguish
435  * between old-style and internationalized examples of text.
436  */
437 
438 private unsigned char ebcdic_to_ascii[] = {
439   0,   1,   2,   3, 156,   9, 134, 127, 151, 141, 142,  11,  12,  13,  14,  15,
440  16,  17,  18,  19, 157, 133,   8, 135,  24,  25, 146, 143,  28,  29,  30,  31,
441 128, 129, 130, 131, 132,  10,  23,  27, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140,   5,   6,   7,
442 144, 145,  22, 147, 148, 149, 150,   4, 152, 153, 154, 155,  20,  21, 158,  26,
443 ' ', 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 213, '.', '<', '(', '+', '|',
444 '&', 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, '!', '$', '*', ')', ';', '~',
445 '-', '/', 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 203, ',', '%', '_', '>', '?',
446 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, '`', ':', '#', '@', '\'','=', '"',
447 195, 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201,
448 202, 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', '^', 204, 205, 206, 207, 208,
449 209, 229, 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 210, 211, 212, '[', 214, 215,
450 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, ']', 230, 231,
451 '{', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237,
452 '}', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243,
453 '\\',159, 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249,
454 '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255
455 };
456 
457 #ifdef notdef
458 /*
459  * The following EBCDIC-to-ASCII table may relate more closely to reality,
460  * or at least to modern reality.  It comes from
461  *
462  *   http://ftp.s390.ibm.com/products/oe/bpxqp9.html
463  *
464  * and maps the characters of EBCDIC code page 1047 (the code used for
465  * Unix-derived software on IBM's 390 systems) to the corresponding
466  * characters from ISO 8859-1.
467  *
468  * If this table is used instead of the above one, some of the special
469  * cases for the NEL character can be taken out of the code.
470  */
471 
472 private unsigned char ebcdic_1047_to_8859[] = {
473 0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x9C,0x09,0x86,0x7F,0x97,0x8D,0x8E,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,
474 0x10,0x11,0x12,0x13,0x9D,0x0A,0x08,0x87,0x18,0x19,0x92,0x8F,0x1C,0x1D,0x1E,0x1F,
475 0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x17,0x1B,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x05,0x06,0x07,
476 0x90,0x91,0x16,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x04,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x14,0x15,0x9E,0x1A,
477 0x20,0xA0,0xE2,0xE4,0xE0,0xE1,0xE3,0xE5,0xE7,0xF1,0xA2,0x2E,0x3C,0x28,0x2B,0x7C,
478 0x26,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xE8,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xEC,0xDF,0x21,0x24,0x2A,0x29,0x3B,0x5E,
479 0x2D,0x2F,0xC2,0xC4,0xC0,0xC1,0xC3,0xC5,0xC7,0xD1,0xA6,0x2C,0x25,0x5F,0x3E,0x3F,
480 0xF8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xC8,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xCC,0x60,0x3A,0x23,0x40,0x27,0x3D,0x22,
481 0xD8,0x61,0x62,0x63,0x64,0x65,0x66,0x67,0x68,0x69,0xAB,0xBB,0xF0,0xFD,0xFE,0xB1,
482 0xB0,0x6A,0x6B,0x6C,0x6D,0x6E,0x6F,0x70,0x71,0x72,0xAA,0xBA,0xE6,0xB8,0xC6,0xA4,
483 0xB5,0x7E,0x73,0x74,0x75,0x76,0x77,0x78,0x79,0x7A,0xA1,0xBF,0xD0,0x5B,0xDE,0xAE,
484 0xAC,0xA3,0xA5,0xB7,0xA9,0xA7,0xB6,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xDD,0xA8,0xAF,0x5D,0xB4,0xD7,
485 0x7B,0x41,0x42,0x43,0x44,0x45,0x46,0x47,0x48,0x49,0xAD,0xF4,0xF6,0xF2,0xF3,0xF5,
486 0x7D,0x4A,0x4B,0x4C,0x4D,0x4E,0x4F,0x50,0x51,0x52,0xB9,0xFB,0xFC,0xF9,0xFA,0xFF,
487 0x5C,0xF7,0x53,0x54,0x55,0x56,0x57,0x58,0x59,0x5A,0xB2,0xD4,0xD6,0xD2,0xD3,0xD5,
488 0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,0x36,0x37,0x38,0x39,0xB3,0xDB,0xDC,0xD9,0xDA,0x9F
489 };
490 #endif
491 
492 /*
493  * Copy buf[0 ... nbytes-1] into out[], translating EBCDIC to ASCII.
494  */
495 private void
496 from_ebcdic(const unsigned char *buf, size_t nbytes, unsigned char *out)
497 {
498 	size_t i;
499 
500 	for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++) {
501 		out[i] = ebcdic_to_ascii[buf[i]];
502 	}
503 }
504