xref: /freebsd/contrib/file/src/apprentice.c (revision f4b37ed0f8b307b1f3f0f630ca725d68f1dff30d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1995.
3  * Software written by Ian F. Darwin and others;
4  * maintained 1995-present by Christos Zoulas and others.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
11  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
20  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 /*
29  * apprentice - make one pass through /etc/magic, learning its secrets.
30  */
31 
32 #include "file.h"
33 
34 #ifndef	lint
35 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: apprentice.c,v 1.233 2015/06/10 00:57:41 christos Exp $")
36 #endif	/* lint */
37 
38 #include "magic.h"
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #endif
43 #ifdef HAVE_STDDEF_H
44 #include <stddef.h>
45 #endif
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <assert.h>
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <fcntl.h>
50 #ifdef QUICK
51 #include <sys/mman.h>
52 #endif
53 #include <dirent.h>
54 #if defined(HAVE_LIMITS_H)
55 #include <limits.h>
56 #endif
57 
58 #ifndef SSIZE_MAX
59 #define MAXMAGIC_SIZE        ((ssize_t)0x7fffffff)
60 #else
61 #define MAXMAGIC_SIZE        SSIZE_MAX
62 #endif
63 
64 #define	EATAB {while (isascii((unsigned char) *l) && \
65 		      isspace((unsigned char) *l))  ++l;}
66 #define LOWCASE(l) (isupper((unsigned char) (l)) ? \
67 			tolower((unsigned char) (l)) : (l))
68 /*
69  * Work around a bug in headers on Digital Unix.
70  * At least confirmed for: OSF1 V4.0 878
71  */
72 #if defined(__osf__) && defined(__DECC)
73 #ifdef MAP_FAILED
74 #undef MAP_FAILED
75 #endif
76 #endif
77 
78 #ifndef MAP_FAILED
79 #define MAP_FAILED (void *) -1
80 #endif
81 
82 #ifndef MAP_FILE
83 #define MAP_FILE 0
84 #endif
85 
86 #define ALLOC_CHUNK	(size_t)10
87 #define ALLOC_INCR	(size_t)200
88 
89 #define MAP_TYPE_MMAP	0
90 #define MAP_TYPE_MALLOC	1
91 #define MAP_TYPE_USER	2
92 
93 struct magic_entry {
94 	struct magic *mp;
95 	uint32_t cont_count;
96 	uint32_t max_count;
97 };
98 
99 struct magic_entry_set {
100 	struct magic_entry *me;
101 	uint32_t count;
102 	uint32_t max;
103 };
104 
105 struct magic_map {
106 	void *p;
107 	size_t len;
108 	int type;
109 	struct magic *magic[MAGIC_SETS];
110 	uint32_t nmagic[MAGIC_SETS];
111 };
112 
113 int file_formats[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
114 const size_t file_nformats = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
115 const char *file_names[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
116 const size_t file_nnames = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
117 
118 private int getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *, const char **, int);
119 private int hextoint(int);
120 private const char *getstr(struct magic_set *, struct magic *, const char *,
121     int);
122 private int parse(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *,
123     size_t, int);
124 private void eatsize(const char **);
125 private int apprentice_1(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
126 private size_t apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *);
127 private int apprentice_sort(const void *, const void *);
128 private void apprentice_list(struct mlist *, int );
129 private struct magic_map *apprentice_load(struct magic_set *,
130     const char *, int);
131 private struct mlist *mlist_alloc(void);
132 private void mlist_free(struct mlist *);
133 private void byteswap(struct magic *, uint32_t);
134 private void bs1(struct magic *);
135 private uint16_t swap2(uint16_t);
136 private uint32_t swap4(uint32_t);
137 private uint64_t swap8(uint64_t);
138 private char *mkdbname(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
139 private struct magic_map *apprentice_buf(struct magic_set *, struct magic *,
140     size_t);
141 private struct magic_map *apprentice_map(struct magic_set *, const char *);
142 private int check_buffer(struct magic_set *, struct magic_map *, const char *);
143 private void apprentice_unmap(struct magic_map *);
144 private int apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *, struct magic_map *,
145     const char *);
146 private int check_format_type(const char *, int);
147 private int check_format(struct magic_set *, struct magic *);
148 private int get_op(char);
149 private int parse_mime(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
150 private int parse_strength(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
151 private int parse_apple(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
152 private int parse_ext(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
153 
154 
155 private size_t magicsize = sizeof(struct magic);
156 
157 private const char usg_hdr[] = "cont\toffset\ttype\topcode\tmask\tvalue\tdesc";
158 
159 private struct {
160 	const char *name;
161 	size_t len;
162 	int (*fun)(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
163 } bang[] = {
164 #define	DECLARE_FIELD(name) { # name, sizeof(# name) - 1, parse_ ## name }
165 	DECLARE_FIELD(mime),
166 	DECLARE_FIELD(apple),
167 	DECLARE_FIELD(ext),
168 	DECLARE_FIELD(strength),
169 #undef	DECLARE_FIELD
170 	{ NULL, 0, NULL }
171 };
172 
173 #ifdef COMPILE_ONLY
174 
175 int main(int, char *[]);
176 
177 int
178 main(int argc, char *argv[])
179 {
180 	int ret;
181 	struct magic_set *ms;
182 	char *progname;
183 
184 	if ((progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL)
185 		progname++;
186 	else
187 		progname = argv[0];
188 
189 	if (argc != 2) {
190 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s file\n", progname);
191 		return 1;
192 	}
193 
194 	if ((ms = magic_open(MAGIC_CHECK)) == NULL) {
195 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
196 		return 1;
197 	}
198 	ret = magic_compile(ms, argv[1]) == -1 ? 1 : 0;
199 	if (ret == 1)
200 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, magic_error(ms));
201 	magic_close(ms);
202 	return ret;
203 }
204 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
205 
206 struct type_tbl_s {
207 	const char name[16];
208 	const size_t len;
209 	const int type;
210 	const int format;
211 };
212 
213 /*
214  * XXX - the actual Single UNIX Specification says that "long" means "long",
215  * as in the C data type, but we treat it as meaning "4-byte integer".
216  * Given that the OS X version of file 5.04 did the same, I guess that passes
217  * the actual test; having "long" be dependent on how big a "long" is on
218  * the machine running "file" is silly.
219  */
220 static const struct type_tbl_s type_tbl[] = {
221 # define XX(s)		s, (sizeof(s) - 1)
222 # define XX_NULL	"", 0
223 	{ XX("invalid"),	FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
224 	{ XX("byte"),		FILE_BYTE,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
225 	{ XX("short"),		FILE_SHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
226 	{ XX("default"),	FILE_DEFAULT,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
227 	{ XX("long"),		FILE_LONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
228 	{ XX("string"),		FILE_STRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
229 	{ XX("date"),		FILE_DATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
230 	{ XX("beshort"),	FILE_BESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
231 	{ XX("belong"),		FILE_BELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
232 	{ XX("bedate"),		FILE_BEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
233 	{ XX("leshort"),	FILE_LESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
234 	{ XX("lelong"),		FILE_LELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
235 	{ XX("ledate"),		FILE_LEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
236 	{ XX("pstring"),	FILE_PSTRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
237 	{ XX("ldate"),		FILE_LDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
238 	{ XX("beldate"),	FILE_BELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
239 	{ XX("leldate"),	FILE_LELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
240 	{ XX("regex"),		FILE_REGEX,		FILE_FMT_STR },
241 	{ XX("bestring16"),	FILE_BESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
242 	{ XX("lestring16"),	FILE_LESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
243 	{ XX("search"),		FILE_SEARCH,		FILE_FMT_STR },
244 	{ XX("medate"),		FILE_MEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
245 	{ XX("meldate"),	FILE_MELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
246 	{ XX("melong"),		FILE_MELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
247 	{ XX("quad"),		FILE_QUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
248 	{ XX("lequad"),		FILE_LEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
249 	{ XX("bequad"),		FILE_BEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
250 	{ XX("qdate"),		FILE_QDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
251 	{ XX("leqdate"),	FILE_LEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
252 	{ XX("beqdate"),	FILE_BEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
253 	{ XX("qldate"),		FILE_QLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
254 	{ XX("leqldate"),	FILE_LEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
255 	{ XX("beqldate"),	FILE_BEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
256 	{ XX("float"),		FILE_FLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
257 	{ XX("befloat"),	FILE_BEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
258 	{ XX("lefloat"),	FILE_LEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
259 	{ XX("double"),		FILE_DOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
260 	{ XX("bedouble"),	FILE_BEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
261 	{ XX("ledouble"),	FILE_LEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
262 	{ XX("leid3"),		FILE_LEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
263 	{ XX("beid3"),		FILE_BEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
264 	{ XX("indirect"),	FILE_INDIRECT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
265 	{ XX("qwdate"),		FILE_QWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
266 	{ XX("leqwdate"),	FILE_LEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
267 	{ XX("beqwdate"),	FILE_BEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
268 	{ XX("name"),		FILE_NAME,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
269 	{ XX("use"),		FILE_USE,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
270 	{ XX("clear"),		FILE_CLEAR,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
271 	{ XX_NULL,		FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
272 };
273 
274 /*
275  * These are not types, and cannot be preceded by "u" to make them
276  * unsigned.
277  */
278 static const struct type_tbl_s special_tbl[] = {
279 	{ XX("name"),		FILE_NAME,		FILE_FMT_STR },
280 	{ XX("use"),		FILE_USE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
281 	{ XX_NULL,		FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
282 };
283 # undef XX
284 # undef XX_NULL
285 
286 private int
287 get_type(const struct type_tbl_s *tbl, const char *l, const char **t)
288 {
289 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
290 
291 	for (p = tbl; p->len; p++) {
292 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0) {
293 			if (t)
294 				*t = l + p->len;
295 			break;
296 		}
297 	}
298 	return p->type;
299 }
300 
301 private int
302 get_standard_integer_type(const char *l, const char **t)
303 {
304 	int type;
305 
306 	if (isalpha((unsigned char)l[1])) {
307 		switch (l[1]) {
308 		case 'C':
309 			/* "dC" and "uC" */
310 			type = FILE_BYTE;
311 			break;
312 		case 'S':
313 			/* "dS" and "uS" */
314 			type = FILE_SHORT;
315 			break;
316 		case 'I':
317 		case 'L':
318 			/*
319 			 * "dI", "dL", "uI", and "uL".
320 			 *
321 			 * XXX - the actual Single UNIX Specification says
322 			 * that "L" means "long", as in the C data type,
323 			 * but we treat it as meaning "4-byte integer".
324 			 * Given that the OS X version of file 5.04 did
325 			 * the same, I guess that passes the actual SUS
326 			 * validation suite; having "dL" be dependent on
327 			 * how big a "long" is on the machine running
328 			 * "file" is silly.
329 			 */
330 			type = FILE_LONG;
331 			break;
332 		case 'Q':
333 			/* "dQ" and "uQ" */
334 			type = FILE_QUAD;
335 			break;
336 		default:
337 			/* "d{anything else}", "u{anything else}" */
338 			return FILE_INVALID;
339 		}
340 		l += 2;
341 	} else if (isdigit((unsigned char)l[1])) {
342 		/*
343 		 * "d{num}" and "u{num}"; we only support {num} values
344 		 * of 1, 2, 4, and 8 - the Single UNIX Specification
345 		 * doesn't say anything about whether arbitrary
346 		 * values should be supported, but both the Solaris 10
347 		 * and OS X Mountain Lion versions of file passed the
348 		 * Single UNIX Specification validation suite, and
349 		 * neither of them support values bigger than 8 or
350 		 * non-power-of-2 values.
351 		 */
352 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)l[2])) {
353 			/* Multi-digit, so > 9 */
354 			return FILE_INVALID;
355 		}
356 		switch (l[1]) {
357 		case '1':
358 			type = FILE_BYTE;
359 			break;
360 		case '2':
361 			type = FILE_SHORT;
362 			break;
363 		case '4':
364 			type = FILE_LONG;
365 			break;
366 		case '8':
367 			type = FILE_QUAD;
368 			break;
369 		default:
370 			/* XXX - what about 3, 5, 6, or 7? */
371 			return FILE_INVALID;
372 		}
373 		l += 2;
374 	} else {
375 		/*
376 		 * "d" or "u" by itself.
377 		 */
378 		type = FILE_LONG;
379 		++l;
380 	}
381 	if (t)
382 		*t = l;
383 	return type;
384 }
385 
386 private void
387 init_file_tables(void)
388 {
389 	static int done = 0;
390 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
391 
392 	if (done)
393 		return;
394 	done++;
395 
396 	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
397 		assert(p->type < FILE_NAMES_SIZE);
398 		file_names[p->type] = p->name;
399 		file_formats[p->type] = p->format;
400 	}
401 	assert(p - type_tbl == FILE_NAMES_SIZE);
402 }
403 
404 private int
405 add_mlist(struct mlist *mlp, struct magic_map *map, size_t idx)
406 {
407 	struct mlist *ml;
408 
409 	mlp->map = idx == 0 ? map : NULL;
410 	if ((ml = CAST(struct mlist *, malloc(sizeof(*ml)))) == NULL)
411 		return -1;
412 
413 	ml->map = NULL;
414 	ml->magic = map->magic[idx];
415 	ml->nmagic = map->nmagic[idx];
416 
417 	mlp->prev->next = ml;
418 	ml->prev = mlp->prev;
419 	ml->next = mlp;
420 	mlp->prev = ml;
421 	return 0;
422 }
423 
424 /*
425  * Handle one file or directory.
426  */
427 private int
428 apprentice_1(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
429 {
430 	struct magic_map *map;
431 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
432 	struct mlist *ml;
433 	size_t i;
434 #endif
435 
436 	if (magicsize != FILE_MAGICSIZE) {
437 		file_error(ms, 0, "magic element size %lu != %lu",
438 		    (unsigned long)sizeof(*map->magic[0]),
439 		    (unsigned long)FILE_MAGICSIZE);
440 		return -1;
441 	}
442 
443 	if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
444 		map = apprentice_load(ms, fn, action);
445 		if (map == NULL)
446 			return -1;
447 		return apprentice_compile(ms, map, fn);
448 	}
449 
450 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
451 	map = apprentice_map(ms, fn);
452 	if (map == NULL) {
453 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
454 			file_magwarn(ms, "using regular magic file `%s'", fn);
455 		map = apprentice_load(ms, fn, action);
456 		if (map == NULL)
457 			return -1;
458 	}
459 
460 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
461 		if (add_mlist(ms->mlist[i], map, i) == -1) {
462 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
463 			goto fail;
464 		}
465 	}
466 
467 	if (action == FILE_LIST) {
468 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
469 			printf("Set %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u:\nBinary patterns:\n",
470 			    i);
471 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], BINTEST);
472 			printf("Text patterns:\n");
473 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], TEXTTEST);
474 		}
475 	}
476 	return 0;
477 fail:
478 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
479 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
480 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
481 	}
482 	return -1;
483 #else
484 	return 0;
485 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
486 }
487 
488 protected void
489 file_ms_free(struct magic_set *ms)
490 {
491 	size_t i;
492 	if (ms == NULL)
493 		return;
494 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
495 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
496 	free(ms->o.pbuf);
497 	free(ms->o.buf);
498 	free(ms->c.li);
499 	free(ms);
500 }
501 
502 protected struct magic_set *
503 file_ms_alloc(int flags)
504 {
505 	struct magic_set *ms;
506 	size_t i, len;
507 
508 	if ((ms = CAST(struct magic_set *, calloc((size_t)1,
509 	    sizeof(struct magic_set)))) == NULL)
510 		return NULL;
511 
512 	if (magic_setflags(ms, flags) == -1) {
513 		errno = EINVAL;
514 		goto free;
515 	}
516 
517 	ms->o.buf = ms->o.pbuf = NULL;
518 	len = (ms->c.len = 10) * sizeof(*ms->c.li);
519 
520 	if ((ms->c.li = CAST(struct level_info *, malloc(len))) == NULL)
521 		goto free;
522 
523 	ms->event_flags = 0;
524 	ms->error = -1;
525 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
526 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
527 	ms->file = "unknown";
528 	ms->line = 0;
529 	ms->indir_max = FILE_INDIR_MAX;
530 	ms->name_max = FILE_NAME_MAX;
531 	ms->elf_shnum_max = FILE_ELF_SHNUM_MAX;
532 	ms->elf_phnum_max = FILE_ELF_PHNUM_MAX;
533 	ms->elf_notes_max = FILE_ELF_NOTES_MAX;
534 	return ms;
535 free:
536 	free(ms);
537 	return NULL;
538 }
539 
540 private void
541 apprentice_unmap(struct magic_map *map)
542 {
543 	if (map == NULL)
544 		return;
545 
546 	switch (map->type) {
547 #ifdef QUICK
548 	case MAP_TYPE_MMAP:
549 		if (map->p)
550 			(void)munmap(map->p, map->len);
551 		break;
552 #endif
553 	case MAP_TYPE_MALLOC:
554 		free(map->p);
555 		break;
556 	case MAP_TYPE_USER:
557 		break;
558 	default:
559 		abort();
560 	}
561 	free(map);
562 }
563 
564 private struct mlist *
565 mlist_alloc(void)
566 {
567 	struct mlist *mlist;
568 	if ((mlist = CAST(struct mlist *, calloc(1, sizeof(*mlist)))) == NULL) {
569 		return NULL;
570 	}
571 	mlist->next = mlist->prev = mlist;
572 	return mlist;
573 }
574 
575 private void
576 mlist_free(struct mlist *mlist)
577 {
578 	struct mlist *ml, *next;
579 
580 	if (mlist == NULL)
581 		return;
582 
583 	ml = mlist->next;
584 	for (ml = mlist->next; (next = ml->next) != NULL; ml = next) {
585 		if (ml->map)
586 			apprentice_unmap(ml->map);
587 		free(ml);
588 		if (ml == mlist)
589 			break;
590 	}
591 }
592 
593 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
594 /* void **bufs: an array of compiled magic files */
595 protected int
596 buffer_apprentice(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic **bufs,
597     size_t *sizes, size_t nbufs)
598 {
599 	size_t i, j;
600 	struct mlist *ml;
601 	struct magic_map *map;
602 
603 	if (nbufs == 0)
604 		return -1;
605 
606 	if (ms->mlist[0] != NULL)
607 		file_reset(ms);
608 
609 	init_file_tables();
610 
611 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
612 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
613 		if ((ms->mlist[i] = mlist_alloc()) == NULL) {
614 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ms->mlist[i]));
615 			goto fail;
616 		}
617 	}
618 
619 	for (i = 0; i < nbufs; i++) {
620 		map = apprentice_buf(ms, bufs[i], sizes[i]);
621 		if (map == NULL)
622 			goto fail;
623 
624 		for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
625 			if (add_mlist(ms->mlist[j], map, j) == -1) {
626 				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
627 				goto fail;
628 			}
629 		}
630 	}
631 
632 	return 0;
633 fail:
634 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
635 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
636 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
637 	}
638 	return -1;
639 }
640 #endif
641 
642 /* const char *fn: list of magic files and directories */
643 protected int
644 file_apprentice(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
645 {
646 	char *p, *mfn;
647 	int file_err, errs = -1;
648 	size_t i;
649 
650 	if (ms->mlist[0] != NULL)
651 		file_reset(ms);
652 
653 	if ((fn = magic_getpath(fn, action)) == NULL)
654 		return -1;
655 
656 	init_file_tables();
657 
658 	if ((mfn = strdup(fn)) == NULL) {
659 		file_oomem(ms, strlen(fn));
660 		return -1;
661 	}
662 
663 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
664 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
665 		if ((ms->mlist[i] = mlist_alloc()) == NULL) {
666 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ms->mlist[i]));
667 			while (i-- > 0) {
668 				mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
669 				ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
670 			}
671 			free(mfn);
672 			return -1;
673 		}
674 	}
675 	fn = mfn;
676 
677 	while (fn) {
678 		p = strchr(fn, PATHSEP);
679 		if (p)
680 			*p++ = '\0';
681 		if (*fn == '\0')
682 			break;
683 		file_err = apprentice_1(ms, fn, action);
684 		errs = MAX(errs, file_err);
685 		fn = p;
686 	}
687 
688 	free(mfn);
689 
690 	if (errs == -1) {
691 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
692 			mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
693 			ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
694 		}
695 		file_error(ms, 0, "could not find any valid magic files!");
696 		return -1;
697 	}
698 
699 #if 0
700 	/*
701 	 * Always leave the database loaded
702 	 */
703 	if (action == FILE_LOAD)
704 		return 0;
705 
706 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
707 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
708 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
709 	}
710 #endif
711 
712 	switch (action) {
713 	case FILE_LOAD:
714 	case FILE_COMPILE:
715 	case FILE_CHECK:
716 	case FILE_LIST:
717 		return 0;
718 	default:
719 		file_error(ms, 0, "Invalid action %d", action);
720 		return -1;
721 	}
722 }
723 
724 /*
725  * Compute the real length of a magic expression, for the purposes
726  * of determining how "strong" a magic expression is (approximating
727  * how specific its matches are):
728  *	- magic characters count 0 unless escaped.
729  *	- [] expressions count 1
730  *	- {} expressions count 0
731  *	- regular characters or escaped magic characters count 1
732  *	- 0 length expressions count as one
733  */
734 private size_t
735 nonmagic(const char *str)
736 {
737 	const char *p;
738 	size_t rv = 0;
739 
740 	for (p = str; *p; p++)
741 		switch (*p) {
742 		case '\\':	/* Escaped anything counts 1 */
743 			if (!*++p)
744 				p--;
745 			rv++;
746 			continue;
747 		case '?':	/* Magic characters count 0 */
748 		case '*':
749 		case '.':
750 		case '+':
751 		case '^':
752 		case '$':
753 			continue;
754 		case '[':	/* Bracketed expressions count 1 the ']' */
755 			while (*p && *p != ']')
756 				p++;
757 			p--;
758 			continue;
759 		case '{':	/* Braced expressions count 0 */
760 			while (*p && *p != '}')
761 				p++;
762 			if (!*p)
763 				p--;
764 			continue;
765 		default:	/* Anything else counts 1 */
766 			rv++;
767 			continue;
768 		}
769 
770 	return rv == 0 ? 1 : rv;	/* Return at least 1 */
771 }
772 
773 /*
774  * Get weight of this magic entry, for sorting purposes.
775  */
776 private size_t
777 apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *m)
778 {
779 #define MULT 10
780 	size_t v, val = 2 * MULT;	/* baseline strength */
781 
782 	switch (m->type) {
783 	case FILE_DEFAULT:	/* make sure this sorts last */
784 		if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE)
785 			abort();
786 		return 0;
787 
788 	case FILE_BYTE:
789 		val += 1 * MULT;
790 		break;
791 
792 	case FILE_SHORT:
793 	case FILE_LESHORT:
794 	case FILE_BESHORT:
795 		val += 2 * MULT;
796 		break;
797 
798 	case FILE_LONG:
799 	case FILE_LELONG:
800 	case FILE_BELONG:
801 	case FILE_MELONG:
802 		val += 4 * MULT;
803 		break;
804 
805 	case FILE_PSTRING:
806 	case FILE_STRING:
807 		val += m->vallen * MULT;
808 		break;
809 
810 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
811 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
812 		val += m->vallen * MULT / 2;
813 		break;
814 
815 	case FILE_SEARCH:
816 		val += m->vallen * MAX(MULT / m->vallen, 1);
817 		break;
818 
819 	case FILE_REGEX:
820 		v = nonmagic(m->value.s);
821 		val += v * MAX(MULT / v, 1);
822 		break;
823 
824 	case FILE_DATE:
825 	case FILE_LEDATE:
826 	case FILE_BEDATE:
827 	case FILE_MEDATE:
828 	case FILE_LDATE:
829 	case FILE_LELDATE:
830 	case FILE_BELDATE:
831 	case FILE_MELDATE:
832 	case FILE_FLOAT:
833 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
834 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
835 		val += 4 * MULT;
836 		break;
837 
838 	case FILE_QUAD:
839 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
840 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
841 	case FILE_QDATE:
842 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
843 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
844 	case FILE_QLDATE:
845 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
846 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
847 	case FILE_QWDATE:
848 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
849 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
850 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
851 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
852 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
853 		val += 8 * MULT;
854 		break;
855 
856 	case FILE_INDIRECT:
857 	case FILE_NAME:
858 	case FILE_USE:
859 		break;
860 
861 	default:
862 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad type %d\n", m->type);
863 		abort();
864 	}
865 
866 	switch (m->reln) {
867 	case 'x':	/* matches anything penalize */
868 	case '!':       /* matches almost anything penalize */
869 		val = 0;
870 		break;
871 
872 	case '=':	/* Exact match, prefer */
873 		val += MULT;
874 		break;
875 
876 	case '>':
877 	case '<':	/* comparison match reduce strength */
878 		val -= 2 * MULT;
879 		break;
880 
881 	case '^':
882 	case '&':	/* masking bits, we could count them too */
883 		val -= MULT;
884 		break;
885 
886 	default:
887 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad relation %c\n", m->reln);
888 		abort();
889 	}
890 
891 	if (val == 0)	/* ensure we only return 0 for FILE_DEFAULT */
892 		val = 1;
893 
894 	switch (m->factor_op) {
895 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
896 		break;
897 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
898 		val += m->factor;
899 		break;
900 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
901 		val -= m->factor;
902 		break;
903 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
904 		val *= m->factor;
905 		break;
906 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
907 		val /= m->factor;
908 		break;
909 	default:
910 		abort();
911 	}
912 
913 	/*
914 	 * Magic entries with no description get a bonus because they depend
915 	 * on subsequent magic entries to print something.
916 	 */
917 	if (m->desc[0] == '\0')
918 		val++;
919 	return val;
920 }
921 
922 /*
923  * Sort callback for sorting entries by "strength" (basically length)
924  */
925 private int
926 apprentice_sort(const void *a, const void *b)
927 {
928 	const struct magic_entry *ma = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, a);
929 	const struct magic_entry *mb = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, b);
930 	size_t sa = apprentice_magic_strength(ma->mp);
931 	size_t sb = apprentice_magic_strength(mb->mp);
932 	if (sa == sb)
933 		return 0;
934 	else if (sa > sb)
935 		return -1;
936 	else
937 		return 1;
938 }
939 
940 /*
941  * Shows sorted patterns list in the order which is used for the matching
942  */
943 private void
944 apprentice_list(struct mlist *mlist, int mode)
945 {
946 	uint32_t magindex = 0;
947 	struct mlist *ml;
948 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
949 		for (magindex = 0; magindex < ml->nmagic; magindex++) {
950 			struct magic *m = &ml->magic[magindex];
951 			if ((m->flag & mode) != mode) {
952 				/* Skip sub-tests */
953 				while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
954 				       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0)
955 					++magindex;
956 				continue; /* Skip to next top-level test*/
957 			}
958 
959 			/*
960 			 * Try to iterate over the tree until we find item with
961 			 * description/mimetype.
962 			 */
963 			while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
964 			       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0 &&
965 			       *ml->magic[magindex].desc == '\0' &&
966 			       *ml->magic[magindex].mimetype == '\0')
967 				magindex++;
968 
969 			printf("Strength = %3" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u@%u: %s [%s]\n",
970 			    apprentice_magic_strength(m),
971 			    ml->magic[magindex].lineno,
972 			    ml->magic[magindex].desc,
973 			    ml->magic[magindex].mimetype);
974 		}
975 	}
976 }
977 
978 private void
979 set_test_type(struct magic *mstart, struct magic *m)
980 {
981 	switch (m->type) {
982 	case FILE_BYTE:
983 	case FILE_SHORT:
984 	case FILE_LONG:
985 	case FILE_DATE:
986 	case FILE_BESHORT:
987 	case FILE_BELONG:
988 	case FILE_BEDATE:
989 	case FILE_LESHORT:
990 	case FILE_LELONG:
991 	case FILE_LEDATE:
992 	case FILE_LDATE:
993 	case FILE_BELDATE:
994 	case FILE_LELDATE:
995 	case FILE_MEDATE:
996 	case FILE_MELDATE:
997 	case FILE_MELONG:
998 	case FILE_QUAD:
999 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
1000 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
1001 	case FILE_QDATE:
1002 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
1003 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
1004 	case FILE_QLDATE:
1005 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
1006 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
1007 	case FILE_QWDATE:
1008 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
1009 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
1010 	case FILE_FLOAT:
1011 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
1012 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
1013 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
1014 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
1015 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
1016 		mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1017 		break;
1018 	case FILE_STRING:
1019 	case FILE_PSTRING:
1020 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
1021 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
1022 		/* Allow text overrides */
1023 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
1024 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1025 		else
1026 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1027 		break;
1028 	case FILE_REGEX:
1029 	case FILE_SEARCH:
1030 		/* Check for override */
1031 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_BINTEST)
1032 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1033 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
1034 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1035 
1036 		if (mstart->flag & (TEXTTEST|BINTEST))
1037 			break;
1038 
1039 		/* binary test if pattern is not text */
1040 		if (file_looks_utf8(m->value.us, (size_t)m->vallen, NULL,
1041 		    NULL) <= 0)
1042 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1043 		else
1044 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1045 		break;
1046 	case FILE_DEFAULT:
1047 		/* can't deduce anything; we shouldn't see this at the
1048 		   top level anyway */
1049 		break;
1050 	case FILE_INVALID:
1051 	default:
1052 		/* invalid search type, but no need to complain here */
1053 		break;
1054 	}
1055 }
1056 
1057 private int
1058 addentry(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me,
1059    struct magic_entry_set *mset)
1060 {
1061 	size_t i = me->mp->type == FILE_NAME ? 1 : 0;
1062 	if (mset[i].count == mset[i].max) {
1063 		struct magic_entry *mp;
1064 
1065 		mset[i].max += ALLOC_INCR;
1066 		if ((mp = CAST(struct magic_entry *,
1067 		    realloc(mset[i].me, sizeof(*mp) * mset[i].max))) ==
1068 		    NULL) {
1069 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*mp) * mset[i].max);
1070 			return -1;
1071 		}
1072 		(void)memset(&mp[mset[i].count], 0, sizeof(*mp) *
1073 		    ALLOC_INCR);
1074 		mset[i].me = mp;
1075 	}
1076 	mset[i].me[mset[i].count++] = *me;
1077 	memset(me, 0, sizeof(*me));
1078 	return 0;
1079 }
1080 
1081 /*
1082  * Load and parse one file.
1083  */
1084 private void
1085 load_1(struct magic_set *ms, int action, const char *fn, int *errs,
1086    struct magic_entry_set *mset)
1087 {
1088 	size_t lineno = 0, llen = 0;
1089 	char *line = NULL;
1090 	ssize_t len;
1091 	struct magic_entry me;
1092 
1093 	FILE *f = fopen(ms->file = fn, "r");
1094 	if (f == NULL) {
1095 		if (errno != ENOENT)
1096 			file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read magic file `%s'",
1097 				   fn);
1098 		(*errs)++;
1099 		return;
1100 	}
1101 
1102 	memset(&me, 0, sizeof(me));
1103 	/* read and parse this file */
1104 	for (ms->line = 1; (len = getline(&line, &llen, f)) != -1;
1105 	    ms->line++) {
1106 		if (len == 0) /* null line, garbage, etc */
1107 			continue;
1108 		if (line[len - 1] == '\n') {
1109 			lineno++;
1110 			line[len - 1] = '\0'; /* delete newline */
1111 		}
1112 		switch (line[0]) {
1113 		case '\0':	/* empty, do not parse */
1114 		case '#':	/* comment, do not parse */
1115 			continue;
1116 		case '!':
1117 			if (line[1] == ':') {
1118 				size_t i;
1119 
1120 				for (i = 0; bang[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1121 					if ((size_t)(len - 2) > bang[i].len &&
1122 					    memcmp(bang[i].name, line + 2,
1123 					    bang[i].len) == 0)
1124 						break;
1125 				}
1126 				if (bang[i].name == NULL) {
1127 					file_error(ms, 0,
1128 					    "Unknown !: entry `%s'", line);
1129 					(*errs)++;
1130 					continue;
1131 				}
1132 				if (me.mp == NULL) {
1133 					file_error(ms, 0,
1134 					    "No current entry for :!%s type",
1135 						bang[i].name);
1136 					(*errs)++;
1137 					continue;
1138 				}
1139 				if ((*bang[i].fun)(ms, &me,
1140 				    line + bang[i].len + 2) != 0) {
1141 					(*errs)++;
1142 					continue;
1143 				}
1144 				continue;
1145 			}
1146 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1147 		default:
1148 		again:
1149 			switch (parse(ms, &me, line, lineno, action)) {
1150 			case 0:
1151 				continue;
1152 			case 1:
1153 				(void)addentry(ms, &me, mset);
1154 				goto again;
1155 			default:
1156 				(*errs)++;
1157 				break;
1158 			}
1159 		}
1160 	}
1161 	if (me.mp)
1162 		(void)addentry(ms, &me, mset);
1163 	free(line);
1164 	(void)fclose(f);
1165 }
1166 
1167 /*
1168  * parse a file or directory of files
1169  * const char *fn: name of magic file or directory
1170  */
1171 private int
1172 cmpstrp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1173 {
1174         return strcmp(*(char *const *)p1, *(char *const *)p2);
1175 }
1176 
1177 
1178 private uint32_t
1179 set_text_binary(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
1180     uint32_t starttest)
1181 {
1182 	static const char text[] = "text";
1183 	static const char binary[] = "binary";
1184 	static const size_t len = sizeof(text);
1185 
1186 	uint32_t i = starttest;
1187 
1188 	do {
1189 		set_test_type(me[starttest].mp, me[i].mp);
1190 		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) == 0)
1191 			continue;
1192 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s: %s\n",
1193 		    me[i].mp->mimetype,
1194 		    me[i].mp->mimetype[0] == '\0' ? "" : "; ",
1195 		    me[i].mp->desc[0] ? me[i].mp->desc : "(no description)",
1196 		    me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST ? binary : text);
1197 		if (me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST) {
1198 			char *p = strstr(me[i].mp->desc, text);
1199 			if (p && (p == me[i].mp->desc ||
1200 			    isspace((unsigned char)p[-1])) &&
1201 			    (p + len - me[i].mp->desc == MAXstring
1202 			    || (p[len] == '\0' ||
1203 			    isspace((unsigned char)p[len]))))
1204 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "*** Possible "
1205 				    "binary test for text type\n");
1206 		}
1207 	} while (++i < nme && me[i].mp->cont_level != 0);
1208 	return i;
1209 }
1210 
1211 private void
1212 set_last_default(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
1213 {
1214 	uint32_t i;
1215 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
1216 		if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0 &&
1217 		    me[i].mp->type == FILE_DEFAULT) {
1218 			while (++i < nme)
1219 				if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0)
1220 					break;
1221 			if (i != nme) {
1222 				/* XXX - Ugh! */
1223 				ms->line = me[i].mp->lineno;
1224 				file_magwarn(ms,
1225 				    "level 0 \"default\" did not sort last");
1226 			}
1227 			return;
1228 		}
1229 	}
1230 }
1231 
1232 private int
1233 coalesce_entries(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
1234     struct magic **ma, uint32_t *nma)
1235 {
1236 	uint32_t i, mentrycount = 0;
1237 	size_t slen;
1238 
1239 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
1240 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
1241 
1242 	slen = sizeof(**ma) * mentrycount;
1243 	if ((*ma = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(slen))) == NULL) {
1244 		file_oomem(ms, slen);
1245 		return -1;
1246 	}
1247 
1248 	mentrycount = 0;
1249 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
1250 		(void)memcpy(*ma + mentrycount, me[i].mp,
1251 		    me[i].cont_count * sizeof(**ma));
1252 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
1253 	}
1254 	*nma = mentrycount;
1255 	return 0;
1256 }
1257 
1258 private void
1259 magic_entry_free(struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
1260 {
1261 	uint32_t i;
1262 	if (me == NULL)
1263 		return;
1264 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
1265 		free(me[i].mp);
1266 	free(me);
1267 }
1268 
1269 private struct magic_map *
1270 apprentice_load(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
1271 {
1272 	int errs = 0;
1273 	uint32_t i, j;
1274 	size_t files = 0, maxfiles = 0;
1275 	char **filearr = NULL, *mfn;
1276 	struct stat st;
1277 	struct magic_map *map;
1278 	struct magic_entry_set mset[MAGIC_SETS];
1279 	DIR *dir;
1280 	struct dirent *d;
1281 
1282 	memset(mset, 0, sizeof(mset));
1283 	ms->flags |= MAGIC_CHECK;	/* Enable checks for parsed files */
1284 
1285 
1286 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL)
1287 	{
1288 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
1289 		return NULL;
1290 	}
1291 
1292 	/* print silly verbose header for USG compat. */
1293 	if (action == FILE_CHECK)
1294 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", usg_hdr);
1295 
1296 	/* load directory or file */
1297 	if (stat(fn, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1298 		dir = opendir(fn);
1299 		if (!dir) {
1300 			errs++;
1301 			goto out;
1302 		}
1303 		while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
1304 			if (asprintf(&mfn, "%s/%s", fn, d->d_name) < 0) {
1305 				file_oomem(ms,
1306 				    strlen(fn) + strlen(d->d_name) + 2);
1307 				errs++;
1308 				closedir(dir);
1309 				goto out;
1310 			}
1311 			if (stat(mfn, &st) == -1 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1312 				free(mfn);
1313 				continue;
1314 			}
1315 			if (files >= maxfiles) {
1316 				size_t mlen;
1317 				maxfiles = (maxfiles + 1) * 2;
1318 				mlen = maxfiles * sizeof(*filearr);
1319 				if ((filearr = CAST(char **,
1320 				    realloc(filearr, mlen))) == NULL) {
1321 					file_oomem(ms, mlen);
1322 					free(mfn);
1323 					closedir(dir);
1324 					errs++;
1325 					goto out;
1326 				}
1327 			}
1328 			filearr[files++] = mfn;
1329 		}
1330 		closedir(dir);
1331 		qsort(filearr, files, sizeof(*filearr), cmpstrp);
1332 		for (i = 0; i < files; i++) {
1333 			load_1(ms, action, filearr[i], &errs, mset);
1334 			free(filearr[i]);
1335 		}
1336 		free(filearr);
1337 	} else
1338 		load_1(ms, action, fn, &errs, mset);
1339 	if (errs)
1340 		goto out;
1341 
1342 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
1343 		/* Set types of tests */
1344 		for (i = 0; i < mset[j].count; ) {
1345 			if (mset[j].me[i].mp->cont_level != 0) {
1346 				i++;
1347 				continue;
1348 			}
1349 			i = set_text_binary(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count, i);
1350 		}
1351 		qsort(mset[j].me, mset[j].count, sizeof(*mset[j].me),
1352 		    apprentice_sort);
1353 
1354 		/*
1355 		 * Make sure that any level 0 "default" line is last
1356 		 * (if one exists).
1357 		 */
1358 		set_last_default(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count);
1359 
1360 		/* coalesce per file arrays into a single one */
1361 		if (coalesce_entries(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count,
1362 		    &map->magic[j], &map->nmagic[j]) == -1) {
1363 			errs++;
1364 			goto out;
1365 		}
1366 	}
1367 
1368 out:
1369 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++)
1370 		magic_entry_free(mset[j].me, mset[j].count);
1371 
1372 	if (errs) {
1373 		apprentice_unmap(map);
1374 		return NULL;
1375 	}
1376 	return map;
1377 }
1378 
1379 /*
1380  * extend the sign bit if the comparison is to be signed
1381  */
1382 protected uint64_t
1383 file_signextend(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, uint64_t v)
1384 {
1385 	if (!(m->flag & UNSIGNED)) {
1386 		switch(m->type) {
1387 		/*
1388 		 * Do not remove the casts below.  They are
1389 		 * vital.  When later compared with the data,
1390 		 * the sign extension must have happened.
1391 		 */
1392 		case FILE_BYTE:
1393 			v = (signed char) v;
1394 			break;
1395 		case FILE_SHORT:
1396 		case FILE_BESHORT:
1397 		case FILE_LESHORT:
1398 			v = (short) v;
1399 			break;
1400 		case FILE_DATE:
1401 		case FILE_BEDATE:
1402 		case FILE_LEDATE:
1403 		case FILE_MEDATE:
1404 		case FILE_LDATE:
1405 		case FILE_BELDATE:
1406 		case FILE_LELDATE:
1407 		case FILE_MELDATE:
1408 		case FILE_LONG:
1409 		case FILE_BELONG:
1410 		case FILE_LELONG:
1411 		case FILE_MELONG:
1412 		case FILE_FLOAT:
1413 		case FILE_BEFLOAT:
1414 		case FILE_LEFLOAT:
1415 			v = (int32_t) v;
1416 			break;
1417 		case FILE_QUAD:
1418 		case FILE_BEQUAD:
1419 		case FILE_LEQUAD:
1420 		case FILE_QDATE:
1421 		case FILE_QLDATE:
1422 		case FILE_QWDATE:
1423 		case FILE_BEQDATE:
1424 		case FILE_BEQLDATE:
1425 		case FILE_BEQWDATE:
1426 		case FILE_LEQDATE:
1427 		case FILE_LEQLDATE:
1428 		case FILE_LEQWDATE:
1429 		case FILE_DOUBLE:
1430 		case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
1431 		case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
1432 			v = (int64_t) v;
1433 			break;
1434 		case FILE_STRING:
1435 		case FILE_PSTRING:
1436 		case FILE_BESTRING16:
1437 		case FILE_LESTRING16:
1438 		case FILE_REGEX:
1439 		case FILE_SEARCH:
1440 		case FILE_DEFAULT:
1441 		case FILE_INDIRECT:
1442 		case FILE_NAME:
1443 		case FILE_USE:
1444 		case FILE_CLEAR:
1445 			break;
1446 		default:
1447 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1448 			    file_magwarn(ms, "cannot happen: m->type=%d\n",
1449 				    m->type);
1450 			return ~0U;
1451 		}
1452 	}
1453 	return v;
1454 }
1455 
1456 private int
1457 string_modifier_check(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
1458 {
1459 	if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) == 0)
1460 		return 0;
1461 
1462 	if ((m->type != FILE_REGEX || (m->str_flags & REGEX_LINE_COUNT) == 0) &&
1463 	    (m->type != FILE_PSTRING && (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) != 0)) {
1464 		file_magwarn(ms,
1465 		    "'/BHhLl' modifiers are only allowed for pascal strings\n");
1466 		return -1;
1467 	}
1468 	switch (m->type) {
1469 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
1470 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
1471 		if (m->str_flags != 0) {
1472 			file_magwarn(ms,
1473 			    "no modifiers allowed for 16-bit strings\n");
1474 			return -1;
1475 		}
1476 		break;
1477 	case FILE_STRING:
1478 	case FILE_PSTRING:
1479 		if ((m->str_flags & REGEX_OFFSET_START) != 0) {
1480 			file_magwarn(ms,
1481 			    "'/%c' only allowed on regex and search\n",
1482 			    CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START);
1483 			return -1;
1484 		}
1485 		break;
1486 	case FILE_SEARCH:
1487 		if (m->str_range == 0) {
1488 			file_magwarn(ms,
1489 			    "missing range; defaulting to %d\n",
1490                             STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE);
1491 			m->str_range = STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE;
1492 			return -1;
1493 		}
1494 		break;
1495 	case FILE_REGEX:
1496 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1497 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1498 			    CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE);
1499 			return -1;
1500 		}
1501 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1502 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1503 			    CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE);
1504 			return -1;
1505 		}
1506 		break;
1507 	default:
1508 		file_magwarn(ms, "coding error: m->type=%d\n",
1509 		    m->type);
1510 		return -1;
1511 	}
1512 	return 0;
1513 }
1514 
1515 private int
1516 get_op(char c)
1517 {
1518 	switch (c) {
1519 	case '&':
1520 		return FILE_OPAND;
1521 	case '|':
1522 		return FILE_OPOR;
1523 	case '^':
1524 		return FILE_OPXOR;
1525 	case '+':
1526 		return FILE_OPADD;
1527 	case '-':
1528 		return FILE_OPMINUS;
1529 	case '*':
1530 		return FILE_OPMULTIPLY;
1531 	case '/':
1532 		return FILE_OPDIVIDE;
1533 	case '%':
1534 		return FILE_OPMODULO;
1535 	default:
1536 		return -1;
1537 	}
1538 }
1539 
1540 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1541 private int
1542 get_cond(const char *l, const char **t)
1543 {
1544 	static const struct cond_tbl_s {
1545 		char name[8];
1546 		size_t len;
1547 		int cond;
1548 	} cond_tbl[] = {
1549 		{ "if",		2,	COND_IF },
1550 		{ "elif",	4,	COND_ELIF },
1551 		{ "else",	4,	COND_ELSE },
1552 		{ "",		0,	COND_NONE },
1553 	};
1554 	const struct cond_tbl_s *p;
1555 
1556 	for (p = cond_tbl; p->len; p++) {
1557 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0 &&
1558 		    isspace((unsigned char)l[p->len])) {
1559 			if (t)
1560 				*t = l + p->len;
1561 			break;
1562 		}
1563 	}
1564 	return p->cond;
1565 }
1566 
1567 private int
1568 check_cond(struct magic_set *ms, int cond, uint32_t cont_level)
1569 {
1570 	int last_cond;
1571 	last_cond = ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond;
1572 
1573 	switch (cond) {
1574 	case COND_IF:
1575 		if (last_cond != COND_NONE && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1576 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1577 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `if'");
1578 			return -1;
1579 		}
1580 		last_cond = COND_IF;
1581 		break;
1582 
1583 	case COND_ELIF:
1584 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1585 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1586 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `elif'");
1587 			return -1;
1588 		}
1589 		last_cond = COND_ELIF;
1590 		break;
1591 
1592 	case COND_ELSE:
1593 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1594 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1595 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `else'");
1596 			return -1;
1597 		}
1598 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1599 		break;
1600 
1601 	case COND_NONE:
1602 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1603 		break;
1604 	}
1605 
1606 	ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond = last_cond;
1607 	return 0;
1608 }
1609 #endif /* ENABLE_CONDITIONALS */
1610 
1611 private int
1612 parse_indirect_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp)
1613 {
1614 	const char *l = *lp;
1615 
1616 	while (!isspace((unsigned char)*++l))
1617 		switch (*l) {
1618 		case CHAR_INDIRECT_RELATIVE:
1619 			m->str_flags |= INDIRECT_RELATIVE;
1620 			break;
1621 		default:
1622 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1623 				file_magwarn(ms, "indirect modifier `%c' "
1624 					"invalid", *l);
1625 			*lp = l;
1626 			return -1;
1627 		}
1628 	*lp = l;
1629 	return 0;
1630 }
1631 
1632 private void
1633 parse_op_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp,
1634     int op)
1635 {
1636 	const char *l = *lp;
1637 	char *t;
1638 	uint64_t val;
1639 
1640 	++l;
1641 	m->mask_op |= op;
1642 	val = (uint64_t)strtoull(l, &t, 0);
1643 	l = t;
1644 	m->num_mask = file_signextend(ms, m, val);
1645 	eatsize(&l);
1646 	*lp = l;
1647 }
1648 
1649 private int
1650 parse_string_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp)
1651 {
1652 	const char *l = *lp;
1653 	char *t;
1654 	int have_range = 0;
1655 
1656 	while (!isspace((unsigned char)*++l)) {
1657 		switch (*l) {
1658 		case '0':  case '1':  case '2':
1659 		case '3':  case '4':  case '5':
1660 		case '6':  case '7':  case '8':
1661 		case '9':
1662 			if (have_range && (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK))
1663 				file_magwarn(ms, "multiple ranges");
1664 			have_range = 1;
1665 			m->str_range = CAST(uint32_t, strtoul(l, &t, 0));
1666 			if (m->str_range == 0)
1667 				file_magwarn(ms, "zero range");
1668 			l = t - 1;
1669 			break;
1670 		case CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE:
1671 			m->str_flags |= STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE;
1672 			break;
1673 		case CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE:
1674 			m->str_flags |= STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE;
1675 			break;
1676 		case CHAR_IGNORE_LOWERCASE:
1677 			m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_LOWERCASE;
1678 			break;
1679 		case CHAR_IGNORE_UPPERCASE:
1680 			m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_UPPERCASE;
1681 			break;
1682 		case CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START:
1683 			m->str_flags |= REGEX_OFFSET_START;
1684 			break;
1685 		case CHAR_BINTEST:
1686 			m->str_flags |= STRING_BINTEST;
1687 			break;
1688 		case CHAR_TEXTTEST:
1689 			m->str_flags |= STRING_TEXTTEST;
1690 			break;
1691 		case CHAR_TRIM:
1692 			m->str_flags |= STRING_TRIM;
1693 			break;
1694 		case CHAR_PSTRING_1_LE:
1695 #define SET_LENGTH(a) m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | (a)
1696 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1697 				goto bad;
1698 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_1_LE);
1699 			break;
1700 		case CHAR_PSTRING_2_BE:
1701 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1702 				goto bad;
1703 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_2_BE);
1704 			break;
1705 		case CHAR_PSTRING_2_LE:
1706 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1707 				goto bad;
1708 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_2_LE);
1709 			break;
1710 		case CHAR_PSTRING_4_BE:
1711 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1712 				goto bad;
1713 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_4_BE);
1714 			break;
1715 		case CHAR_PSTRING_4_LE:
1716 			switch (m->type) {
1717 			case FILE_PSTRING:
1718 			case FILE_REGEX:
1719 				break;
1720 			default:
1721 				goto bad;
1722 			}
1723 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_4_LE);
1724 			break;
1725 		case CHAR_PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF:
1726 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1727 				goto bad;
1728 			m->str_flags |= PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF;
1729 			break;
1730 		default:
1731 		bad:
1732 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1733 				file_magwarn(ms, "string modifier `%c' "
1734 					"invalid", *l);
1735 			goto out;
1736 		}
1737 		/* allow multiple '/' for readability */
1738 		if (l[1] == '/' && !isspace((unsigned char)l[2]))
1739 			l++;
1740 	}
1741 	if (string_modifier_check(ms, m) == -1)
1742 		goto out;
1743 	*lp = l;
1744 	return 0;
1745 out:
1746 	*lp = l;
1747 	return -1;
1748 }
1749 
1750 /*
1751  * parse one line from magic file, put into magic[index++] if valid
1752  */
1753 private int
1754 parse(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line,
1755     size_t lineno, int action)
1756 {
1757 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1758 	static uint32_t last_cont_level = 0;
1759 #endif
1760 	size_t i;
1761 	struct magic *m;
1762 	const char *l = line;
1763 	char *t;
1764 	int op;
1765 	uint32_t cont_level;
1766 	int32_t diff;
1767 
1768 	cont_level = 0;
1769 
1770 	/*
1771 	 * Parse the offset.
1772 	 */
1773 	while (*l == '>') {
1774 		++l;		/* step over */
1775 		cont_level++;
1776 	}
1777 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1778 	if (cont_level == 0 || cont_level > last_cont_level)
1779 		if (file_check_mem(ms, cont_level) == -1)
1780 			return -1;
1781 	last_cont_level = cont_level;
1782 #endif
1783 	if (cont_level != 0) {
1784 		if (me->mp == NULL) {
1785 			file_magerror(ms, "No current entry for continuation");
1786 			return -1;
1787 		}
1788 		if (me->cont_count == 0) {
1789 			file_magerror(ms, "Continuations present with 0 count");
1790 			return -1;
1791 		}
1792 		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count - 1];
1793 		diff = (int32_t)cont_level - (int32_t)m->cont_level;
1794 		if (diff > 1)
1795 			file_magwarn(ms, "New continuation level %u is more "
1796 			    "than one larger than current level %u", cont_level,
1797 			    m->cont_level);
1798 		if (me->cont_count == me->max_count) {
1799 			struct magic *nm;
1800 			size_t cnt = me->max_count + ALLOC_CHUNK;
1801 			if ((nm = CAST(struct magic *, realloc(me->mp,
1802 			    sizeof(*nm) * cnt))) == NULL) {
1803 				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*nm) * cnt);
1804 				return -1;
1805 			}
1806 			me->mp = m = nm;
1807 			me->max_count = CAST(uint32_t, cnt);
1808 		}
1809 		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count++];
1810 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1811 		m->cont_level = cont_level;
1812 	} else {
1813 		static const size_t len = sizeof(*m) * ALLOC_CHUNK;
1814 		if (me->mp != NULL)
1815 			return 1;
1816 		if ((m = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(len))) == NULL) {
1817 			file_oomem(ms, len);
1818 			return -1;
1819 		}
1820 		me->mp = m;
1821 		me->max_count = ALLOC_CHUNK;
1822 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1823 		m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
1824 		m->cont_level = 0;
1825 		me->cont_count = 1;
1826 	}
1827 	m->lineno = CAST(uint32_t, lineno);
1828 
1829 	if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below. */
1830                 ++l;            /* step over */
1831                 m->flag |= OFFADD;
1832         }
1833 	if (*l == '(') {
1834 		++l;		/* step over */
1835 		m->flag |= INDIR;
1836 		if (m->flag & OFFADD)
1837 			m->flag = (m->flag & ~OFFADD) | INDIROFFADD;
1838 
1839 		if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below */
1840 			++l;            /* step over */
1841 			m->flag |= OFFADD;
1842 		}
1843 	}
1844 	/* Indirect offsets are not valid at level 0. */
1845 	if (m->cont_level == 0 && (m->flag & (OFFADD | INDIROFFADD))) {
1846 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1847 			file_magwarn(ms, "relative offset at level 0");
1848 		return -1;
1849 	}
1850 
1851 	/* get offset, then skip over it */
1852 	m->offset = (uint32_t)strtoul(l, &t, 0);
1853         if (l == t) {
1854 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1855 			file_magwarn(ms, "offset `%s' invalid", l);
1856 		return -1;
1857 	}
1858         l = t;
1859 
1860 	if (m->flag & INDIR) {
1861 		m->in_type = FILE_LONG;
1862 		m->in_offset = 0;
1863 		/*
1864 		 * read [.lbs][+-]nnnnn)
1865 		 */
1866 		if (*l == '.') {
1867 			l++;
1868 			switch (*l) {
1869 			case 'l':
1870 				m->in_type = FILE_LELONG;
1871 				break;
1872 			case 'L':
1873 				m->in_type = FILE_BELONG;
1874 				break;
1875 			case 'm':
1876 				m->in_type = FILE_MELONG;
1877 				break;
1878 			case 'h':
1879 			case 's':
1880 				m->in_type = FILE_LESHORT;
1881 				break;
1882 			case 'H':
1883 			case 'S':
1884 				m->in_type = FILE_BESHORT;
1885 				break;
1886 			case 'c':
1887 			case 'b':
1888 			case 'C':
1889 			case 'B':
1890 				m->in_type = FILE_BYTE;
1891 				break;
1892 			case 'e':
1893 			case 'f':
1894 			case 'g':
1895 				m->in_type = FILE_LEDOUBLE;
1896 				break;
1897 			case 'E':
1898 			case 'F':
1899 			case 'G':
1900 				m->in_type = FILE_BEDOUBLE;
1901 				break;
1902 			case 'i':
1903 				m->in_type = FILE_LEID3;
1904 				break;
1905 			case 'I':
1906 				m->in_type = FILE_BEID3;
1907 				break;
1908 			default:
1909 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1910 					file_magwarn(ms,
1911 					    "indirect offset type `%c' invalid",
1912 					    *l);
1913 				return -1;
1914 			}
1915 			l++;
1916 		}
1917 
1918 		m->in_op = 0;
1919 		if (*l == '~') {
1920 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
1921 			l++;
1922 		}
1923 		if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
1924 			m->in_op |= op;
1925 			l++;
1926 		}
1927 		if (*l == '(') {
1928 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINDIRECT;
1929 			l++;
1930 		}
1931 		if (isdigit((unsigned char)*l) || *l == '-') {
1932 			m->in_offset = (int32_t)strtol(l, &t, 0);
1933 			if (l == t) {
1934 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1935 					file_magwarn(ms,
1936 					    "in_offset `%s' invalid", l);
1937 				return -1;
1938 			}
1939 			l = t;
1940 		}
1941 		if (*l++ != ')' ||
1942 		    ((m->in_op & FILE_OPINDIRECT) && *l++ != ')')) {
1943 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1944 				file_magwarn(ms,
1945 				    "missing ')' in indirect offset");
1946 			return -1;
1947 		}
1948 	}
1949 	EATAB;
1950 
1951 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1952 	m->cond = get_cond(l, &l);
1953 	if (check_cond(ms, m->cond, cont_level) == -1)
1954 		return -1;
1955 
1956 	EATAB;
1957 #endif
1958 
1959 	/*
1960 	 * Parse the type.
1961 	 */
1962 	if (*l == 'u') {
1963 		/*
1964 		 * Try it as a keyword type prefixed by "u"; match what
1965 		 * follows the "u".  If that fails, try it as an SUS
1966 		 * integer type.
1967 		 */
1968 		m->type = get_type(type_tbl, l + 1, &l);
1969 		if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
1970 			/*
1971 			 * Not a keyword type; parse it as an SUS type,
1972 			 * 'u' possibly followed by a number or C/S/L.
1973 			 */
1974 			m->type = get_standard_integer_type(l, &l);
1975 		}
1976 		/* It's unsigned. */
1977 		if (m->type != FILE_INVALID)
1978 			m->flag |= UNSIGNED;
1979 	} else {
1980 		/*
1981 		 * Try it as a keyword type.  If that fails, try it as
1982 		 * an SUS integer type if it begins with "d" or as an
1983 		 * SUS string type if it begins with "s".  In any case,
1984 		 * it's not unsigned.
1985 		 */
1986 		m->type = get_type(type_tbl, l, &l);
1987 		if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
1988 			/*
1989 			 * Not a keyword type; parse it as an SUS type,
1990 			 * either 'd' possibly followed by a number or
1991 			 * C/S/L, or just 's'.
1992 			 */
1993 			if (*l == 'd')
1994 				m->type = get_standard_integer_type(l, &l);
1995 			else if (*l == 's' && !isalpha((unsigned char)l[1])) {
1996 				m->type = FILE_STRING;
1997 				++l;
1998 			}
1999 		}
2000 	}
2001 
2002 	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2003 		/* Not found - try it as a special keyword. */
2004 		m->type = get_type(special_tbl, l, &l);
2005 	}
2006 
2007 	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2008 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2009 			file_magwarn(ms, "type `%s' invalid", l);
2010 		return -1;
2011 	}
2012 
2013 	/* New-style anding: "0 byte&0x80 =0x80 dynamically linked" */
2014 	/* New and improved: ~ & | ^ + - * / % -- exciting, isn't it? */
2015 
2016 	m->mask_op = 0;
2017 	if (*l == '~') {
2018 		if (!IS_STRING(m->type))
2019 			m->mask_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
2020 		else if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2021 			file_magwarn(ms, "'~' invalid for string types");
2022 		++l;
2023 	}
2024 	m->str_range = 0;
2025 	m->str_flags = m->type == FILE_PSTRING ? PSTRING_1_LE : 0;
2026 	if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
2027 		if (IS_STRING(m->type)) {
2028 			int r;
2029 
2030 			if (op != FILE_OPDIVIDE) {
2031 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2032 					file_magwarn(ms,
2033 					    "invalid string/indirect op: "
2034 					    "`%c'", *t);
2035 				return -1;
2036 			}
2037 
2038 			if (m->type == FILE_INDIRECT)
2039 				r = parse_indirect_modifier(ms, m, &l);
2040 			else
2041 				r = parse_string_modifier(ms, m, &l);
2042 			if (r == -1)
2043 				return -1;
2044 		} else
2045 			parse_op_modifier(ms, m, &l, op);
2046 	}
2047 
2048 	/*
2049 	 * We used to set mask to all 1's here, instead let's just not do
2050 	 * anything if mask = 0 (unless you have a better idea)
2051 	 */
2052 	EATAB;
2053 
2054 	switch (*l) {
2055 	case '>':
2056 	case '<':
2057   		m->reln = *l;
2058   		++l;
2059 		if (*l == '=') {
2060 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
2061 				file_magwarn(ms, "%c= not supported",
2062 				    m->reln);
2063 				return -1;
2064 			}
2065 		   ++l;
2066 		}
2067 		break;
2068 	/* Old-style anding: "0 byte &0x80 dynamically linked" */
2069 	case '&':
2070 	case '^':
2071 	case '=':
2072   		m->reln = *l;
2073   		++l;
2074 		if (*l == '=') {
2075 		   /* HP compat: ignore &= etc. */
2076 		   ++l;
2077 		}
2078 		break;
2079 	case '!':
2080 		m->reln = *l;
2081 		++l;
2082 		break;
2083 	default:
2084   		m->reln = '=';	/* the default relation */
2085 		if (*l == 'x' && ((isascii((unsigned char)l[1]) &&
2086 		    isspace((unsigned char)l[1])) || !l[1])) {
2087 			m->reln = *l;
2088 			++l;
2089 		}
2090 		break;
2091 	}
2092 	/*
2093 	 * Grab the value part, except for an 'x' reln.
2094 	 */
2095 	if (m->reln != 'x' && getvalue(ms, m, &l, action))
2096 		return -1;
2097 
2098 	/*
2099 	 * TODO finish this macro and start using it!
2100 	 * #define offsetcheck {if (offset > HOWMANY-1)
2101 	 *	magwarn("offset too big"); }
2102 	 */
2103 
2104 	/*
2105 	 * Now get last part - the description
2106 	 */
2107 	EATAB;
2108 	if (l[0] == '\b') {
2109 		++l;
2110 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
2111 	} else if ((l[0] == '\\') && (l[1] == 'b')) {
2112 		++l;
2113 		++l;
2114 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
2115 	}
2116 	for (i = 0; (m->desc[i++] = *l++) != '\0' && i < sizeof(m->desc); )
2117 		continue;
2118 	if (i == sizeof(m->desc)) {
2119 		m->desc[sizeof(m->desc) - 1] = '\0';
2120 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2121 			file_magwarn(ms, "description `%s' truncated", m->desc);
2122 	}
2123 
2124         /*
2125 	 * We only do this check while compiling, or if any of the magic
2126 	 * files were not compiled.
2127          */
2128         if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
2129 		if (check_format(ms, m) == -1)
2130 			return -1;
2131 	}
2132 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
2133 	if (action == FILE_CHECK) {
2134 		file_mdump(m);
2135 	}
2136 #endif
2137 	m->mimetype[0] = '\0';		/* initialise MIME type to none */
2138 	return 0;
2139 }
2140 
2141 /*
2142  * parse a STRENGTH annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
2143  * if valid
2144  */
2145 private int
2146 parse_strength(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2147 {
2148 	const char *l = line;
2149 	char *el;
2150 	unsigned long factor;
2151 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2152 
2153 	if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE) {
2154 		file_magwarn(ms,
2155 		    "Current entry already has a strength type: %c %d",
2156 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
2157 		return -1;
2158 	}
2159 	if (m->type == FILE_NAME) {
2160 		file_magwarn(ms, "%s: Strength setting is not supported in "
2161 		    "\"name\" magic entries", m->value.s);
2162 		return -1;
2163 	}
2164 	EATAB;
2165 	switch (*l) {
2166 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
2167 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
2168 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
2169 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
2170 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
2171 		m->factor_op = *l++;
2172 		break;
2173 	default:
2174 		file_magwarn(ms, "Unknown factor op `%c'", *l);
2175 		return -1;
2176 	}
2177 	EATAB;
2178 	factor = strtoul(l, &el, 0);
2179 	if (factor > 255) {
2180 		file_magwarn(ms, "Too large factor `%lu'", factor);
2181 		goto out;
2182 	}
2183 	if (*el && !isspace((unsigned char)*el)) {
2184 		file_magwarn(ms, "Bad factor `%s'", l);
2185 		goto out;
2186 	}
2187 	m->factor = (uint8_t)factor;
2188 	if (m->factor == 0 && m->factor_op == FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV) {
2189 		file_magwarn(ms, "Cannot have factor op `%c' and factor %u",
2190 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
2191 		goto out;
2192 	}
2193 	return 0;
2194 out:
2195 	m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
2196 	m->factor = 0;
2197 	return -1;
2198 }
2199 
2200 private int
2201 goodchar(unsigned char x, const char *extra)
2202 {
2203 	return (isascii(x) && isalnum(x)) || strchr(extra, x);
2204 }
2205 
2206 private int
2207 parse_extra(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line,
2208     off_t off, size_t len, const char *name, const char *extra, int nt)
2209 {
2210 	size_t i;
2211 	const char *l = line;
2212 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[me->cont_count == 0 ? 0 : me->cont_count - 1];
2213 	char *buf = CAST(char *, CAST(void *, m)) + off;
2214 
2215 	if (buf[0] != '\0') {
2216 		len = nt ? strlen(buf) : len;
2217 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry already has a %s type "
2218 		    "`%.*s', new type `%s'", name, (int)len, buf, l);
2219 		return -1;
2220 	}
2221 
2222 	if (*m->desc == '\0') {
2223 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry does not yet have a "
2224 		    "description for adding a %s type", name);
2225 		return -1;
2226 	}
2227 
2228 	EATAB;
2229 	for (i = 0; *l && i < len && goodchar(*l, extra); buf[i++] = *l++)
2230 		continue;
2231 
2232 	if (i == len && *l) {
2233 		if (nt)
2234 			buf[len - 1] = '\0';
2235 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2236 			file_magwarn(ms, "%s type `%s' truncated %"
2237 			    SIZE_T_FORMAT "u", name, line, i);
2238 	} else {
2239 		if (!isspace((unsigned char)*l) && !goodchar(*l, extra))
2240 			file_magwarn(ms, "%s type `%s' has bad char '%c'",
2241 			    name, line, *l);
2242 		if (nt)
2243 			buf[i] = '\0';
2244 	}
2245 
2246 	if (i > 0)
2247 		return 0;
2248 
2249 	file_magerror(ms, "Bad magic entry '%s'", line);
2250 	return -1;
2251 }
2252 
2253 /*
2254  * Parse an Apple CREATOR/TYPE annotation from magic file and put it into
2255  * magic[index - 1]
2256  */
2257 private int
2258 parse_apple(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2259 {
2260 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2261 
2262 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2263 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, apple)),
2264 	    sizeof(m->apple), "APPLE", "!+-./", 0);
2265 }
2266 
2267 /*
2268  * Parse a comma-separated list of extensions
2269  */
2270 private int
2271 parse_ext(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2272 {
2273 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2274 
2275 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2276 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, ext)),
2277 	    sizeof(m->ext), "EXTENSION", ",!+-/", 0);
2278 }
2279 
2280 /*
2281  * parse a MIME annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
2282  * if valid
2283  */
2284 private int
2285 parse_mime(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2286 {
2287 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2288 
2289 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2290 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, mimetype)),
2291 	    sizeof(m->mimetype), "MIME", "+-/.", 1);
2292 }
2293 
2294 private int
2295 check_format_type(const char *ptr, int type)
2296 {
2297 	int quad = 0, h;
2298 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
2299 		/* Missing format string; bad */
2300 		return -1;
2301 	}
2302 
2303 	switch (file_formats[type]) {
2304 	case FILE_FMT_QUAD:
2305 		quad = 1;
2306 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2307 	case FILE_FMT_NUM:
2308 		if (quad == 0) {
2309 			switch (type) {
2310 			case FILE_BYTE:
2311 				h = 2;
2312 				break;
2313 			case FILE_SHORT:
2314 			case FILE_BESHORT:
2315 			case FILE_LESHORT:
2316 				h = 1;
2317 				break;
2318 			case FILE_LONG:
2319 			case FILE_BELONG:
2320 			case FILE_LELONG:
2321 			case FILE_MELONG:
2322 			case FILE_LEID3:
2323 			case FILE_BEID3:
2324 			case FILE_INDIRECT:
2325 				h = 0;
2326 				break;
2327 			default:
2328 				abort();
2329 			}
2330 		} else
2331 			h = 0;
2332 		if (*ptr == '-')
2333 			ptr++;
2334 		if (*ptr == '.')
2335 			ptr++;
2336 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
2337 		if (*ptr == '.')
2338 			ptr++;
2339 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
2340 		if (quad) {
2341 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
2342 				return -1;
2343 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
2344 				return -1;
2345 		}
2346 
2347 		switch (*ptr++) {
2348 #ifdef STRICT_FORMAT 	/* "long" formats are int formats for us */
2349 		/* so don't accept the 'l' modifier */
2350 		case 'l':
2351 			switch (*ptr++) {
2352 			case 'i':
2353 			case 'd':
2354 			case 'u':
2355 			case 'o':
2356 			case 'x':
2357 			case 'X':
2358 				return h != 0 ? -1 : 0;
2359 			default:
2360 				return -1;
2361 			}
2362 
2363 		/*
2364 		 * Don't accept h and hh modifiers. They make writing
2365 		 * magic entries more complicated, for very little benefit
2366 		 */
2367 		case 'h':
2368 			if (h-- <= 0)
2369 				return -1;
2370 			switch (*ptr++) {
2371 			case 'h':
2372 				if (h-- <= 0)
2373 					return -1;
2374 				switch (*ptr++) {
2375 				case 'i':
2376 				case 'd':
2377 				case 'u':
2378 				case 'o':
2379 				case 'x':
2380 				case 'X':
2381 					return 0;
2382 				default:
2383 					return -1;
2384 				}
2385 			case 'i':
2386 			case 'd':
2387 			case 'u':
2388 			case 'o':
2389 			case 'x':
2390 			case 'X':
2391 				return h != 0 ? -1 : 0;
2392 			default:
2393 				return -1;
2394 			}
2395 #endif
2396 		case 'c':
2397 			return h != 2 ? -1 : 0;
2398 		case 'i':
2399 		case 'd':
2400 		case 'u':
2401 		case 'o':
2402 		case 'x':
2403 		case 'X':
2404 #ifdef STRICT_FORMAT
2405 			return h != 0 ? -1 : 0;
2406 #else
2407 			return 0;
2408 #endif
2409 		default:
2410 			return -1;
2411 		}
2412 
2413 	case FILE_FMT_FLOAT:
2414 	case FILE_FMT_DOUBLE:
2415 		if (*ptr == '-')
2416 			ptr++;
2417 		if (*ptr == '.')
2418 			ptr++;
2419 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
2420 		if (*ptr == '.')
2421 			ptr++;
2422 		while (isdigit((unsigned char)*ptr)) ptr++;
2423 
2424 		switch (*ptr++) {
2425 		case 'e':
2426 		case 'E':
2427 		case 'f':
2428 		case 'F':
2429 		case 'g':
2430 		case 'G':
2431 			return 0;
2432 
2433 		default:
2434 			return -1;
2435 		}
2436 
2437 
2438 	case FILE_FMT_STR:
2439 		if (*ptr == '-')
2440 			ptr++;
2441 		while (isdigit((unsigned char )*ptr))
2442 			ptr++;
2443 		if (*ptr == '.') {
2444 			ptr++;
2445 			while (isdigit((unsigned char )*ptr))
2446 				ptr++;
2447 		}
2448 
2449 		switch (*ptr++) {
2450 		case 's':
2451 			return 0;
2452 		default:
2453 			return -1;
2454 		}
2455 
2456 	default:
2457 		/* internal error */
2458 		abort();
2459 	}
2460 	/*NOTREACHED*/
2461 	return -1;
2462 }
2463 
2464 /*
2465  * Check that the optional printf format in description matches
2466  * the type of the magic.
2467  */
2468 private int
2469 check_format(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
2470 {
2471 	char *ptr;
2472 
2473 	for (ptr = m->desc; *ptr; ptr++)
2474 		if (*ptr == '%')
2475 			break;
2476 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
2477 		/* No format string; ok */
2478 		return 1;
2479 	}
2480 
2481 	assert(file_nformats == file_nnames);
2482 
2483 	if (m->type >= file_nformats) {
2484 		file_magwarn(ms, "Internal error inconsistency between "
2485 		    "m->type and format strings");
2486 		return -1;
2487 	}
2488 	if (file_formats[m->type] == FILE_FMT_NONE) {
2489 		file_magwarn(ms, "No format string for `%s' with description "
2490 		    "`%s'", m->desc, file_names[m->type]);
2491 		return -1;
2492 	}
2493 
2494 	ptr++;
2495 	if (check_format_type(ptr, m->type) == -1) {
2496 		/*
2497 		 * TODO: this error message is unhelpful if the format
2498 		 * string is not one character long
2499 		 */
2500 		file_magwarn(ms, "Printf format `%c' is not valid for type "
2501 		    "`%s' in description `%s'", *ptr ? *ptr : '?',
2502 		    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2503 		return -1;
2504 	}
2505 
2506 	for (; *ptr; ptr++) {
2507 		if (*ptr == '%') {
2508 			file_magwarn(ms,
2509 			    "Too many format strings (should have at most one) "
2510 			    "for `%s' with description `%s'",
2511 			    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2512 			return -1;
2513 		}
2514 	}
2515 	return 0;
2516 }
2517 
2518 /*
2519  * Read a numeric value from a pointer, into the value union of a magic
2520  * pointer, according to the magic type.  Update the string pointer to point
2521  * just after the number read.  Return 0 for success, non-zero for failure.
2522  */
2523 private int
2524 getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **p, int action)
2525 {
2526 	switch (m->type) {
2527 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
2528 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
2529 	case FILE_STRING:
2530 	case FILE_PSTRING:
2531 	case FILE_REGEX:
2532 	case FILE_SEARCH:
2533 	case FILE_NAME:
2534 	case FILE_USE:
2535 		*p = getstr(ms, m, *p, action == FILE_COMPILE);
2536 		if (*p == NULL) {
2537 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2538 				file_magwarn(ms, "cannot get string from `%s'",
2539 				    m->value.s);
2540 			return -1;
2541 		}
2542 		if (m->type == FILE_REGEX) {
2543 			file_regex_t rx;
2544 			int rc = file_regcomp(&rx, m->value.s, REG_EXTENDED);
2545 			if (rc) {
2546 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2547 					file_regerror(&rx, rc, ms);
2548 			}
2549 			file_regfree(&rx);
2550 			return rc ? -1 : 0;
2551 		}
2552 		return 0;
2553 	case FILE_FLOAT:
2554 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
2555 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
2556 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2557 			char *ep;
2558 #ifdef HAVE_STRTOF
2559 			m->value.f = strtof(*p, &ep);
2560 #else
2561 			m->value.f = (float)strtod(*p, &ep);
2562 #endif
2563 			*p = ep;
2564 		}
2565 		return 0;
2566 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
2567 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
2568 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
2569 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2570 			char *ep;
2571 			m->value.d = strtod(*p, &ep);
2572 			*p = ep;
2573 		}
2574 		return 0;
2575 	default:
2576 		if (m->reln != 'x') {
2577 			char *ep;
2578 			m->value.q = file_signextend(ms, m,
2579 			    (uint64_t)strtoull(*p, &ep, 0));
2580 			*p = ep;
2581 			eatsize(p);
2582 		}
2583 		return 0;
2584 	}
2585 }
2586 
2587 /*
2588  * Convert a string containing C character escapes.  Stop at an unescaped
2589  * space or tab.
2590  * Copy the converted version to "m->value.s", and the length in m->vallen.
2591  * Return updated scan pointer as function result. Warn if set.
2592  */
2593 private const char *
2594 getstr(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char *s, int warn)
2595 {
2596 	const char *origs = s;
2597 	char	*p = m->value.s;
2598 	size_t  plen = sizeof(m->value.s);
2599 	char 	*origp = p;
2600 	char	*pmax = p + plen - 1;
2601 	int	c;
2602 	int	val;
2603 
2604 	while ((c = *s++) != '\0') {
2605 		if (isspace((unsigned char) c))
2606 			break;
2607 		if (p >= pmax) {
2608 			file_error(ms, 0, "string too long: `%s'", origs);
2609 			return NULL;
2610 		}
2611 		if (c == '\\') {
2612 			switch(c = *s++) {
2613 
2614 			case '\0':
2615 				if (warn)
2616 					file_magwarn(ms, "incomplete escape");
2617 				goto out;
2618 
2619 			case '\t':
2620 				if (warn) {
2621 					file_magwarn(ms,
2622 					    "escaped tab found, use \\t instead");
2623 					warn = 0;	/* already did */
2624 				}
2625 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2626 			default:
2627 				if (warn) {
2628 					if (isprint((unsigned char)c)) {
2629 						/* Allow escaping of
2630 						 * ``relations'' */
2631 						if (strchr("<>&^=!", c) == NULL
2632 						    && (m->type != FILE_REGEX ||
2633 						    strchr("[]().*?^$|{}", c)
2634 						    == NULL)) {
2635 							file_magwarn(ms, "no "
2636 							    "need to escape "
2637 							    "`%c'", c);
2638 						}
2639 					} else {
2640 						file_magwarn(ms,
2641 						    "unknown escape sequence: "
2642 						    "\\%03o", c);
2643 					}
2644 				}
2645 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2646 			/* space, perhaps force people to use \040? */
2647 			case ' ':
2648 #if 0
2649 			/*
2650 			 * Other things people escape, but shouldn't need to,
2651 			 * so we disallow them
2652 			 */
2653 			case '\'':
2654 			case '"':
2655 			case '?':
2656 #endif
2657 			/* Relations */
2658 			case '>':
2659 			case '<':
2660 			case '&':
2661 			case '^':
2662 			case '=':
2663 			case '!':
2664 			/* and baskslash itself */
2665 			case '\\':
2666 				*p++ = (char) c;
2667 				break;
2668 
2669 			case 'a':
2670 				*p++ = '\a';
2671 				break;
2672 
2673 			case 'b':
2674 				*p++ = '\b';
2675 				break;
2676 
2677 			case 'f':
2678 				*p++ = '\f';
2679 				break;
2680 
2681 			case 'n':
2682 				*p++ = '\n';
2683 				break;
2684 
2685 			case 'r':
2686 				*p++ = '\r';
2687 				break;
2688 
2689 			case 't':
2690 				*p++ = '\t';
2691 				break;
2692 
2693 			case 'v':
2694 				*p++ = '\v';
2695 				break;
2696 
2697 			/* \ and up to 3 octal digits */
2698 			case '0':
2699 			case '1':
2700 			case '2':
2701 			case '3':
2702 			case '4':
2703 			case '5':
2704 			case '6':
2705 			case '7':
2706 				val = c - '0';
2707 				c = *s++;  /* try for 2 */
2708 				if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
2709 					val = (val << 3) | (c - '0');
2710 					c = *s++;  /* try for 3 */
2711 					if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
2712 						val = (val << 3) | (c-'0');
2713 					else
2714 						--s;
2715 				}
2716 				else
2717 					--s;
2718 				*p++ = (char)val;
2719 				break;
2720 
2721 			/* \x and up to 2 hex digits */
2722 			case 'x':
2723 				val = 'x';	/* Default if no digits */
2724 				c = hextoint(*s++);	/* Get next char */
2725 				if (c >= 0) {
2726 					val = c;
2727 					c = hextoint(*s++);
2728 					if (c >= 0)
2729 						val = (val << 4) + c;
2730 					else
2731 						--s;
2732 				} else
2733 					--s;
2734 				*p++ = (char)val;
2735 				break;
2736 			}
2737 		} else
2738 			*p++ = (char)c;
2739 	}
2740 out:
2741 	*p = '\0';
2742 	m->vallen = CAST(unsigned char, (p - origp));
2743 	if (m->type == FILE_PSTRING)
2744 		m->vallen += (unsigned char)file_pstring_length_size(m);
2745 	return s;
2746 }
2747 
2748 
2749 /* Single hex char to int; -1 if not a hex char. */
2750 private int
2751 hextoint(int c)
2752 {
2753 	if (!isascii((unsigned char) c))
2754 		return -1;
2755 	if (isdigit((unsigned char) c))
2756 		return c - '0';
2757 	if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f'))
2758 		return c + 10 - 'a';
2759 	if (( c>= 'A') && (c <= 'F'))
2760 		return c + 10 - 'A';
2761 	return -1;
2762 }
2763 
2764 
2765 /*
2766  * Print a string containing C character escapes.
2767  */
2768 protected void
2769 file_showstr(FILE *fp, const char *s, size_t len)
2770 {
2771 	char	c;
2772 
2773 	for (;;) {
2774 		if (len == ~0U) {
2775 			c = *s++;
2776 			if (c == '\0')
2777 				break;
2778 		}
2779 		else  {
2780 			if (len-- == 0)
2781 				break;
2782 			c = *s++;
2783 		}
2784 		if (c >= 040 && c <= 0176)	/* TODO isprint && !iscntrl */
2785 			(void) fputc(c, fp);
2786 		else {
2787 			(void) fputc('\\', fp);
2788 			switch (c) {
2789 			case '\a':
2790 				(void) fputc('a', fp);
2791 				break;
2792 
2793 			case '\b':
2794 				(void) fputc('b', fp);
2795 				break;
2796 
2797 			case '\f':
2798 				(void) fputc('f', fp);
2799 				break;
2800 
2801 			case '\n':
2802 				(void) fputc('n', fp);
2803 				break;
2804 
2805 			case '\r':
2806 				(void) fputc('r', fp);
2807 				break;
2808 
2809 			case '\t':
2810 				(void) fputc('t', fp);
2811 				break;
2812 
2813 			case '\v':
2814 				(void) fputc('v', fp);
2815 				break;
2816 
2817 			default:
2818 				(void) fprintf(fp, "%.3o", c & 0377);
2819 				break;
2820 			}
2821 		}
2822 	}
2823 }
2824 
2825 /*
2826  * eatsize(): Eat the size spec from a number [eg. 10UL]
2827  */
2828 private void
2829 eatsize(const char **p)
2830 {
2831 	const char *l = *p;
2832 
2833 	if (LOWCASE(*l) == 'u')
2834 		l++;
2835 
2836 	switch (LOWCASE(*l)) {
2837 	case 'l':    /* long */
2838 	case 's':    /* short */
2839 	case 'h':    /* short */
2840 	case 'b':    /* char/byte */
2841 	case 'c':    /* char/byte */
2842 		l++;
2843 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2844 	default:
2845 		break;
2846 	}
2847 
2848 	*p = l;
2849 }
2850 
2851 /*
2852  * handle a buffer containing a compiled file.
2853  */
2854 private struct magic_map *
2855 apprentice_buf(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *buf, size_t len)
2856 {
2857 	struct magic_map *map;
2858 
2859 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL) {
2860 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
2861 		return NULL;
2862 	}
2863 	map->len = len;
2864 	map->p = buf;
2865 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_USER;
2866 	if (check_buffer(ms, map, "buffer") != 0) {
2867 		apprentice_unmap(map);
2868 		return NULL;
2869 	}
2870 	return map;
2871 }
2872 
2873 /*
2874  * handle a compiled file.
2875  */
2876 
2877 private struct magic_map *
2878 apprentice_map(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn)
2879 {
2880 	int fd;
2881 	struct stat st;
2882 	char *dbname = NULL;
2883 	struct magic_map *map;
2884 
2885 	fd = -1;
2886 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL) {
2887 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
2888 		goto error;
2889 	}
2890 
2891 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 0);
2892 	if (dbname == NULL)
2893 		goto error;
2894 
2895 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY)) == -1)
2896 		goto error;
2897 
2898 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
2899 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot stat `%s'", dbname);
2900 		goto error;
2901 	}
2902 	if (st.st_size < 8 || st.st_size > MAXMAGIC_SIZE) {
2903 		file_error(ms, 0, "file `%s' is too %s", dbname,
2904 		    st.st_size < 8 ? "small" : "large");
2905 		goto error;
2906 	}
2907 
2908 	map->len = (size_t)st.st_size;
2909 #ifdef QUICK
2910 	if ((map->p = mmap(0, (size_t)st.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
2911 	    MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FILE, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
2912 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot map `%s'", dbname);
2913 		goto error;
2914 	}
2915 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_MMAP;
2916 #else
2917 	if ((map->p = CAST(void *, malloc(map->len))) == NULL) {
2918 		file_oomem(ms, map->len);
2919 		goto error;
2920 	}
2921 	if (read(fd, map->p, map->len) != (ssize_t)map->len) {
2922 		file_badread(ms);
2923 		goto error;
2924 	}
2925 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_MALLOC;
2926 #define RET	1
2927 #endif
2928 	(void)close(fd);
2929 	fd = -1;
2930 
2931 	if (check_buffer(ms, map, dbname) != 0)
2932 		goto error;
2933 
2934 	free(dbname);
2935 	return map;
2936 
2937 error:
2938 	if (fd != -1)
2939 		(void)close(fd);
2940 	apprentice_unmap(map);
2941 	free(dbname);
2942 	return NULL;
2943 }
2944 
2945 private int
2946 check_buffer(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_map *map, const char *dbname)
2947 {
2948 	uint32_t *ptr;
2949 	uint32_t entries, nentries;
2950 	uint32_t version;
2951 	int i, needsbyteswap;
2952 
2953 	ptr = CAST(uint32_t *, map->p);
2954 	if (*ptr != MAGICNO) {
2955 		if (swap4(*ptr) != MAGICNO) {
2956 			file_error(ms, 0, "bad magic in `%s'", dbname);
2957 			return -1;
2958 		}
2959 		needsbyteswap = 1;
2960 	} else
2961 		needsbyteswap = 0;
2962 	if (needsbyteswap)
2963 		version = swap4(ptr[1]);
2964 	else
2965 		version = ptr[1];
2966 	if (version != VERSIONNO) {
2967 		file_error(ms, 0, "File %s supports only version %d magic "
2968 		    "files. `%s' is version %d", VERSION,
2969 		    VERSIONNO, dbname, version);
2970 		return -1;
2971 	}
2972 	entries = (uint32_t)(map->len / sizeof(struct magic));
2973 	if ((entries * sizeof(struct magic)) != map->len) {
2974 		file_error(ms, 0, "Size of `%s' %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u is not "
2975 		    "a multiple of %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u",
2976 		    dbname, map->len, sizeof(struct magic));
2977 		return -1;
2978 	}
2979 	map->magic[0] = CAST(struct magic *, map->p) + 1;
2980 	nentries = 0;
2981 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
2982 		if (needsbyteswap)
2983 			map->nmagic[i] = swap4(ptr[i + 2]);
2984 		else
2985 			map->nmagic[i] = ptr[i + 2];
2986 		if (i != MAGIC_SETS - 1)
2987 			map->magic[i + 1] = map->magic[i] + map->nmagic[i];
2988 		nentries += map->nmagic[i];
2989 	}
2990 	if (entries != nentries + 1) {
2991 		file_error(ms, 0, "Inconsistent entries in `%s' %u != %u",
2992 		    dbname, entries, nentries + 1);
2993 		return -1;
2994 	}
2995 	if (needsbyteswap)
2996 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
2997 			byteswap(map->magic[i], map->nmagic[i]);
2998 	return 0;
2999 }
3000 
3001 /*
3002  * handle an mmaped file.
3003  */
3004 private int
3005 apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_map *map, const char *fn)
3006 {
3007 	static const size_t nm = sizeof(*map->nmagic) * MAGIC_SETS;
3008 	static const size_t m = sizeof(**map->magic);
3009 	int fd = -1;
3010 	size_t len;
3011 	char *dbname;
3012 	int rv = -1;
3013 	uint32_t i;
3014 	union {
3015 		struct magic m;
3016 		uint32_t h[2 + MAGIC_SETS];
3017 	} hdr;
3018 
3019 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 1);
3020 
3021 	if (dbname == NULL)
3022 		goto out;
3023 
3024 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0644)) == -1)
3025 	{
3026 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot open `%s'", dbname);
3027 		goto out;
3028 	}
3029 	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
3030 	hdr.h[0] = MAGICNO;
3031 	hdr.h[1] = VERSIONNO;
3032 	memcpy(hdr.h + 2, map->nmagic, nm);
3033 
3034 	if (write(fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != (ssize_t)sizeof(hdr)) {
3035 		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
3036 		goto out;
3037 	}
3038 
3039 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
3040 		len = m * map->nmagic[i];
3041 		if (write(fd, map->magic[i], len) != (ssize_t)len) {
3042 			file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
3043 			goto out;
3044 		}
3045 	}
3046 
3047 	if (fd != -1)
3048 		(void)close(fd);
3049 	rv = 0;
3050 out:
3051 	free(dbname);
3052 	return rv;
3053 }
3054 
3055 private const char ext[] = ".mgc";
3056 /*
3057  * make a dbname
3058  */
3059 private char *
3060 mkdbname(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int strip)
3061 {
3062 	const char *p, *q;
3063 	char *buf;
3064 
3065 	if (strip) {
3066 		if ((p = strrchr(fn, '/')) != NULL)
3067 			fn = ++p;
3068 	}
3069 
3070 	for (q = fn; *q; q++)
3071 		continue;
3072 	/* Look for .mgc */
3073 	for (p = ext + sizeof(ext) - 1; p >= ext && q >= fn; p--, q--)
3074 		if (*p != *q)
3075 			break;
3076 
3077 	/* Did not find .mgc, restore q */
3078 	if (p >= ext)
3079 		while (*q)
3080 			q++;
3081 
3082 	q++;
3083 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
3084 	if (ms->flags & MAGIC_MIME) {
3085 		if (asprintf(&buf, "%.*s.mime%s", (int)(q - fn), fn, ext) < 0)
3086 			return NULL;
3087 		if (access(buf, R_OK) != -1) {
3088 			ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
3089 			return buf;
3090 		}
3091 		free(buf);
3092 	}
3093 	if (asprintf(&buf, "%.*s%s", (int)(q - fn), fn, ext) < 0)
3094 		return NULL;
3095 
3096 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
3097 	if (strstr(p, ".mime") != NULL)
3098 		ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
3099 	return buf;
3100 }
3101 
3102 /*
3103  * Byteswap an mmap'ed file if needed
3104  */
3105 private void
3106 byteswap(struct magic *magic, uint32_t nmagic)
3107 {
3108 	uint32_t i;
3109 	for (i = 0; i < nmagic; i++)
3110 		bs1(&magic[i]);
3111 }
3112 
3113 /*
3114  * swap a short
3115  */
3116 private uint16_t
3117 swap2(uint16_t sv)
3118 {
3119 	uint16_t rv;
3120 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
3121 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
3122 	d[0] = s[1];
3123 	d[1] = s[0];
3124 	return rv;
3125 }
3126 
3127 /*
3128  * swap an int
3129  */
3130 private uint32_t
3131 swap4(uint32_t sv)
3132 {
3133 	uint32_t rv;
3134 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
3135 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
3136 	d[0] = s[3];
3137 	d[1] = s[2];
3138 	d[2] = s[1];
3139 	d[3] = s[0];
3140 	return rv;
3141 }
3142 
3143 /*
3144  * swap a quad
3145  */
3146 private uint64_t
3147 swap8(uint64_t sv)
3148 {
3149 	uint64_t rv;
3150 	uint8_t *s = (uint8_t *)(void *)&sv;
3151 	uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *)(void *)&rv;
3152 #if 0
3153 	d[0] = s[3];
3154 	d[1] = s[2];
3155 	d[2] = s[1];
3156 	d[3] = s[0];
3157 	d[4] = s[7];
3158 	d[5] = s[6];
3159 	d[6] = s[5];
3160 	d[7] = s[4];
3161 #else
3162 	d[0] = s[7];
3163 	d[1] = s[6];
3164 	d[2] = s[5];
3165 	d[3] = s[4];
3166 	d[4] = s[3];
3167 	d[5] = s[2];
3168 	d[6] = s[1];
3169 	d[7] = s[0];
3170 #endif
3171 	return rv;
3172 }
3173 
3174 /*
3175  * byteswap a single magic entry
3176  */
3177 private void
3178 bs1(struct magic *m)
3179 {
3180 	m->cont_level = swap2(m->cont_level);
3181 	m->offset = swap4((uint32_t)m->offset);
3182 	m->in_offset = swap4((uint32_t)m->in_offset);
3183 	m->lineno = swap4((uint32_t)m->lineno);
3184 	if (IS_STRING(m->type)) {
3185 		m->str_range = swap4(m->str_range);
3186 		m->str_flags = swap4(m->str_flags);
3187 	}
3188 	else {
3189 		m->value.q = swap8(m->value.q);
3190 		m->num_mask = swap8(m->num_mask);
3191 	}
3192 }
3193 
3194 protected size_t
3195 file_pstring_length_size(const struct magic *m)
3196 {
3197 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
3198 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
3199 		return 1;
3200 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
3201 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
3202 		return 2;
3203 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
3204 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
3205 		return 4;
3206 	default:
3207 		abort();	/* Impossible */
3208 		return 1;
3209 	}
3210 }
3211 protected size_t
3212 file_pstring_get_length(const struct magic *m, const char *s)
3213 {
3214 	size_t len = 0;
3215 
3216 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
3217 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
3218 		len = *s;
3219 		break;
3220 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
3221 		len = (s[1] << 8) | s[0];
3222 		break;
3223 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
3224 		len = (s[0] << 8) | s[1];
3225 		break;
3226 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
3227 		len = (s[3] << 24) | (s[2] << 16) | (s[1] << 8) | s[0];
3228 		break;
3229 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
3230 		len = (s[0] << 24) | (s[1] << 16) | (s[2] << 8) | s[3];
3231 		break;
3232 	default:
3233 		abort();	/* Impossible */
3234 	}
3235 
3236 	if (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF)
3237 		len -= file_pstring_length_size(m);
3238 
3239 	return len;
3240 }
3241 
3242 protected int
3243 file_magicfind(struct magic_set *ms, const char *name, struct mlist *v)
3244 {
3245 	uint32_t i, j;
3246 	struct mlist *mlist, *ml;
3247 
3248 	mlist = ms->mlist[1];
3249 
3250 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
3251 		struct magic *ma = ml->magic;
3252 		uint32_t nma = ml->nmagic;
3253 		for (i = 0; i < nma; i++) {
3254 			if (ma[i].type != FILE_NAME)
3255 				continue;
3256 			if (strcmp(ma[i].value.s, name) == 0) {
3257 				v->magic = &ma[i];
3258 				for (j = i + 1; j < nma; j++)
3259 				    if (ma[j].cont_level == 0)
3260 					    break;
3261 				v->nmagic = j - i;
3262 				return 0;
3263 			}
3264 		}
3265 	}
3266 	return -1;
3267 }
3268