xref: /freebsd/contrib/file/src/apprentice.c (revision ce6a89e27cd190313be39bb479880aeda4778436)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1995.
3  * Software written by Ian F. Darwin and others;
4  * maintained 1995-present by Christos Zoulas and others.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
11  *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
20  * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 /*
29  * apprentice - make one pass through /etc/magic, learning its secrets.
30  */
31 
32 #include "file.h"
33 
34 #ifndef	lint
35 FILE_RCSID("@(#)$File: apprentice.c,v 1.284 2019/06/29 22:31:04 christos Exp $")
36 #endif	/* lint */
37 
38 #include "magic.h"
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 #endif
43 #include <stddef.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <assert.h>
46 #include <ctype.h>
47 #include <fcntl.h>
48 #ifdef QUICK
49 #include <sys/mman.h>
50 #endif
51 #include <dirent.h>
52 #include <limits.h>
53 
54 
55 #define	EATAB {while (isascii(CAST(unsigned char, *l)) && \
56 		      isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *l)))  ++l;}
57 #define LOWCASE(l) (isupper(CAST(unsigned char, l)) ? \
58 			tolower(CAST(unsigned char, l)) : (l))
59 /*
60  * Work around a bug in headers on Digital Unix.
61  * At least confirmed for: OSF1 V4.0 878
62  */
63 #if defined(__osf__) && defined(__DECC)
64 #ifdef MAP_FAILED
65 #undef MAP_FAILED
66 #endif
67 #endif
68 
69 #ifndef MAP_FAILED
70 #define MAP_FAILED (void *) -1
71 #endif
72 
73 #ifndef MAP_FILE
74 #define MAP_FILE 0
75 #endif
76 
77 #define ALLOC_CHUNK	CAST(size_t, 10)
78 #define ALLOC_INCR	CAST(size_t, 200)
79 
80 #define MAP_TYPE_USER	0
81 #define MAP_TYPE_MALLOC	1
82 #define MAP_TYPE_MMAP	2
83 
84 struct magic_entry {
85 	struct magic *mp;
86 	uint32_t cont_count;
87 	uint32_t max_count;
88 };
89 
90 struct magic_entry_set {
91 	struct magic_entry *me;
92 	uint32_t count;
93 	uint32_t max;
94 };
95 
96 struct magic_map {
97 	void *p;
98 	size_t len;
99 	int type;
100 	struct magic *magic[MAGIC_SETS];
101 	uint32_t nmagic[MAGIC_SETS];
102 };
103 
104 int file_formats[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
105 const size_t file_nformats = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
106 const char *file_names[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
107 const size_t file_nnames = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
108 
109 private int getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *, const char **, int);
110 private int hextoint(int);
111 private const char *getstr(struct magic_set *, struct magic *, const char *,
112     int);
113 private int parse(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *,
114     size_t, int);
115 private void eatsize(const char **);
116 private int apprentice_1(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
117 private size_t apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *);
118 private int apprentice_sort(const void *, const void *);
119 private void apprentice_list(struct mlist *, int );
120 private struct magic_map *apprentice_load(struct magic_set *,
121     const char *, int);
122 private struct mlist *mlist_alloc(void);
123 private void mlist_free(struct mlist *);
124 private void byteswap(struct magic *, uint32_t);
125 private void bs1(struct magic *);
126 private uint16_t swap2(uint16_t);
127 private uint32_t swap4(uint32_t);
128 private uint64_t swap8(uint64_t);
129 private char *mkdbname(struct magic_set *, const char *, int);
130 private struct magic_map *apprentice_buf(struct magic_set *, struct magic *,
131     size_t);
132 private struct magic_map *apprentice_map(struct magic_set *, const char *);
133 private int check_buffer(struct magic_set *, struct magic_map *, const char *);
134 private void apprentice_unmap(struct magic_map *);
135 private int apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *, struct magic_map *,
136     const char *);
137 private int check_format_type(const char *, int, const char **);
138 private int check_format(struct magic_set *, struct magic *);
139 private int get_op(char);
140 private int parse_mime(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
141 private int parse_strength(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
142 private int parse_apple(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
143 private int parse_ext(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
144 
145 
146 private size_t magicsize = sizeof(struct magic);
147 
148 private const char usg_hdr[] = "cont\toffset\ttype\topcode\tmask\tvalue\tdesc";
149 
150 private struct {
151 	const char *name;
152 	size_t len;
153 	int (*fun)(struct magic_set *, struct magic_entry *, const char *);
154 } bang[] = {
155 #define	DECLARE_FIELD(name) { # name, sizeof(# name) - 1, parse_ ## name }
156 	DECLARE_FIELD(mime),
157 	DECLARE_FIELD(apple),
158 	DECLARE_FIELD(ext),
159 	DECLARE_FIELD(strength),
160 #undef	DECLARE_FIELD
161 	{ NULL, 0, NULL }
162 };
163 
164 #ifdef COMPILE_ONLY
165 
166 int main(int, char *[]);
167 
168 int
169 main(int argc, char *argv[])
170 {
171 	int ret;
172 	struct magic_set *ms;
173 	char *progname;
174 
175 	if ((progname = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL)
176 		progname++;
177 	else
178 		progname = argv[0];
179 
180 	if (argc != 2) {
181 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s file\n", progname);
182 		return 1;
183 	}
184 
185 	if ((ms = magic_open(MAGIC_CHECK)) == NULL) {
186 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, strerror(errno));
187 		return 1;
188 	}
189 	ret = magic_compile(ms, argv[1]) == -1 ? 1 : 0;
190 	if (ret == 1)
191 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", progname, magic_error(ms));
192 	magic_close(ms);
193 	return ret;
194 }
195 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
196 
197 struct type_tbl_s {
198 	const char name[16];
199 	const size_t len;
200 	const int type;
201 	const int format;
202 };
203 
204 /*
205  * XXX - the actual Single UNIX Specification says that "long" means "long",
206  * as in the C data type, but we treat it as meaning "4-byte integer".
207  * Given that the OS X version of file 5.04 did the same, I guess that passes
208  * the actual test; having "long" be dependent on how big a "long" is on
209  * the machine running "file" is silly.
210  */
211 static const struct type_tbl_s type_tbl[] = {
212 # define XX(s)		s, (sizeof(s) - 1)
213 # define XX_NULL	"", 0
214 	{ XX("invalid"),	FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
215 	{ XX("byte"),		FILE_BYTE,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
216 	{ XX("short"),		FILE_SHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
217 	{ XX("default"),	FILE_DEFAULT,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
218 	{ XX("long"),		FILE_LONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
219 	{ XX("string"),		FILE_STRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
220 	{ XX("date"),		FILE_DATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
221 	{ XX("beshort"),	FILE_BESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
222 	{ XX("belong"),		FILE_BELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
223 	{ XX("bedate"),		FILE_BEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
224 	{ XX("leshort"),	FILE_LESHORT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
225 	{ XX("lelong"),		FILE_LELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
226 	{ XX("ledate"),		FILE_LEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
227 	{ XX("pstring"),	FILE_PSTRING,		FILE_FMT_STR },
228 	{ XX("ldate"),		FILE_LDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
229 	{ XX("beldate"),	FILE_BELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
230 	{ XX("leldate"),	FILE_LELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
231 	{ XX("regex"),		FILE_REGEX,		FILE_FMT_STR },
232 	{ XX("bestring16"),	FILE_BESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
233 	{ XX("lestring16"),	FILE_LESTRING16,	FILE_FMT_STR },
234 	{ XX("search"),		FILE_SEARCH,		FILE_FMT_STR },
235 	{ XX("medate"),		FILE_MEDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
236 	{ XX("meldate"),	FILE_MELDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
237 	{ XX("melong"),		FILE_MELONG,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
238 	{ XX("quad"),		FILE_QUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
239 	{ XX("lequad"),		FILE_LEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
240 	{ XX("bequad"),		FILE_BEQUAD,		FILE_FMT_QUAD },
241 	{ XX("qdate"),		FILE_QDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
242 	{ XX("leqdate"),	FILE_LEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
243 	{ XX("beqdate"),	FILE_BEQDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
244 	{ XX("qldate"),		FILE_QLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
245 	{ XX("leqldate"),	FILE_LEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
246 	{ XX("beqldate"),	FILE_BEQLDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
247 	{ XX("float"),		FILE_FLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
248 	{ XX("befloat"),	FILE_BEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
249 	{ XX("lefloat"),	FILE_LEFLOAT,		FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
250 	{ XX("double"),		FILE_DOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
251 	{ XX("bedouble"),	FILE_BEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
252 	{ XX("ledouble"),	FILE_LEDOUBLE,		FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
253 	{ XX("leid3"),		FILE_LEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
254 	{ XX("beid3"),		FILE_BEID3,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
255 	{ XX("indirect"),	FILE_INDIRECT,		FILE_FMT_NUM },
256 	{ XX("qwdate"),		FILE_QWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
257 	{ XX("leqwdate"),	FILE_LEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
258 	{ XX("beqwdate"),	FILE_BEQWDATE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
259 	{ XX("name"),		FILE_NAME,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
260 	{ XX("use"),		FILE_USE,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
261 	{ XX("clear"),		FILE_CLEAR,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
262 	{ XX("der"),		FILE_DER,		FILE_FMT_STR },
263 	{ XX_NULL,		FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
264 };
265 
266 /*
267  * These are not types, and cannot be preceded by "u" to make them
268  * unsigned.
269  */
270 static const struct type_tbl_s special_tbl[] = {
271 	{ XX("der"),		FILE_DER,		FILE_FMT_STR },
272 	{ XX("name"),		FILE_NAME,		FILE_FMT_STR },
273 	{ XX("use"),		FILE_USE,		FILE_FMT_STR },
274 	{ XX_NULL,		FILE_INVALID,		FILE_FMT_NONE },
275 };
276 # undef XX
277 # undef XX_NULL
278 
279 private int
280 get_type(const struct type_tbl_s *tbl, const char *l, const char **t)
281 {
282 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
283 
284 	for (p = tbl; p->len; p++) {
285 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0) {
286 			if (t)
287 				*t = l + p->len;
288 			break;
289 		}
290 	}
291 	return p->type;
292 }
293 
294 private off_t
295 maxoff_t(void) {
296 	if (/*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(off_t) == sizeof(int))
297 		return CAST(off_t, INT_MAX);
298 	if (/*CONSTCOND*/sizeof(off_t) == sizeof(long))
299 		return CAST(off_t, LONG_MAX);
300 	return 0x7fffffff;
301 }
302 
303 private int
304 get_standard_integer_type(const char *l, const char **t)
305 {
306 	int type;
307 
308 	if (isalpha(CAST(unsigned char, l[1]))) {
309 		switch (l[1]) {
310 		case 'C':
311 			/* "dC" and "uC" */
312 			type = FILE_BYTE;
313 			break;
314 		case 'S':
315 			/* "dS" and "uS" */
316 			type = FILE_SHORT;
317 			break;
318 		case 'I':
319 		case 'L':
320 			/*
321 			 * "dI", "dL", "uI", and "uL".
322 			 *
323 			 * XXX - the actual Single UNIX Specification says
324 			 * that "L" means "long", as in the C data type,
325 			 * but we treat it as meaning "4-byte integer".
326 			 * Given that the OS X version of file 5.04 did
327 			 * the same, I guess that passes the actual SUS
328 			 * validation suite; having "dL" be dependent on
329 			 * how big a "long" is on the machine running
330 			 * "file" is silly.
331 			 */
332 			type = FILE_LONG;
333 			break;
334 		case 'Q':
335 			/* "dQ" and "uQ" */
336 			type = FILE_QUAD;
337 			break;
338 		default:
339 			/* "d{anything else}", "u{anything else}" */
340 			return FILE_INVALID;
341 		}
342 		l += 2;
343 	} else if (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, l[1]))) {
344 		/*
345 		 * "d{num}" and "u{num}"; we only support {num} values
346 		 * of 1, 2, 4, and 8 - the Single UNIX Specification
347 		 * doesn't say anything about whether arbitrary
348 		 * values should be supported, but both the Solaris 10
349 		 * and OS X Mountain Lion versions of file passed the
350 		 * Single UNIX Specification validation suite, and
351 		 * neither of them support values bigger than 8 or
352 		 * non-power-of-2 values.
353 		 */
354 		if (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, l[2]))) {
355 			/* Multi-digit, so > 9 */
356 			return FILE_INVALID;
357 		}
358 		switch (l[1]) {
359 		case '1':
360 			type = FILE_BYTE;
361 			break;
362 		case '2':
363 			type = FILE_SHORT;
364 			break;
365 		case '4':
366 			type = FILE_LONG;
367 			break;
368 		case '8':
369 			type = FILE_QUAD;
370 			break;
371 		default:
372 			/* XXX - what about 3, 5, 6, or 7? */
373 			return FILE_INVALID;
374 		}
375 		l += 2;
376 	} else {
377 		/*
378 		 * "d" or "u" by itself.
379 		 */
380 		type = FILE_LONG;
381 		++l;
382 	}
383 	if (t)
384 		*t = l;
385 	return type;
386 }
387 
388 private void
389 init_file_tables(void)
390 {
391 	static int done = 0;
392 	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
393 
394 	if (done)
395 		return;
396 	done++;
397 
398 	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
399 		assert(p->type < FILE_NAMES_SIZE);
400 		file_names[p->type] = p->name;
401 		file_formats[p->type] = p->format;
402 	}
403 	assert(p - type_tbl == FILE_NAMES_SIZE);
404 }
405 
406 private int
407 add_mlist(struct mlist *mlp, struct magic_map *map, size_t idx)
408 {
409 	struct mlist *ml;
410 
411 	mlp->map = NULL;
412 	if ((ml = CAST(struct mlist *, malloc(sizeof(*ml)))) == NULL)
413 		return -1;
414 
415 	ml->map = idx == 0 ? map : NULL;
416 	ml->magic = map->magic[idx];
417 	ml->nmagic = map->nmagic[idx];
418 
419 	mlp->prev->next = ml;
420 	ml->prev = mlp->prev;
421 	ml->next = mlp;
422 	mlp->prev = ml;
423 	return 0;
424 }
425 
426 /*
427  * Handle one file or directory.
428  */
429 private int
430 apprentice_1(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
431 {
432 	struct magic_map *map;
433 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
434 	struct mlist *ml;
435 	size_t i;
436 #endif
437 
438 	if (magicsize != FILE_MAGICSIZE) {
439 		file_error(ms, 0, "magic element size %lu != %lu",
440 		    CAST(unsigned long, sizeof(*map->magic[0])),
441 		    CAST(unsigned long, FILE_MAGICSIZE));
442 		return -1;
443 	}
444 
445 	if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
446 		map = apprentice_load(ms, fn, action);
447 		if (map == NULL)
448 			return -1;
449 		return apprentice_compile(ms, map, fn);
450 	}
451 
452 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
453 	map = apprentice_map(ms, fn);
454 	if (map == RCAST(struct magic_map *, -1))
455 		return -1;
456 	if (map == NULL) {
457 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
458 			file_magwarn(ms, "using regular magic file `%s'", fn);
459 		map = apprentice_load(ms, fn, action);
460 		if (map == NULL)
461 			return -1;
462 	}
463 
464 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
465 		if (add_mlist(ms->mlist[i], map, i) == -1) {
466 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
467 			return -1;
468 		}
469 	}
470 
471 	if (action == FILE_LIST) {
472 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
473 			printf("Set %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u:\nBinary patterns:\n",
474 			    i);
475 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], BINTEST);
476 			printf("Text patterns:\n");
477 			apprentice_list(ms->mlist[i], TEXTTEST);
478 		}
479 	}
480 	return 0;
481 #else
482 	return 0;
483 #endif /* COMPILE_ONLY */
484 }
485 
486 protected void
487 file_ms_free(struct magic_set *ms)
488 {
489 	size_t i;
490 	if (ms == NULL)
491 		return;
492 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
493 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
494 	free(ms->o.pbuf);
495 	free(ms->o.buf);
496 	free(ms->c.li);
497 	free(ms);
498 }
499 
500 protected struct magic_set *
501 file_ms_alloc(int flags)
502 {
503 	struct magic_set *ms;
504 	size_t i, len;
505 
506 	if ((ms = CAST(struct magic_set *, calloc(CAST(size_t, 1u),
507 	    sizeof(struct magic_set)))) == NULL)
508 		return NULL;
509 
510 	if (magic_setflags(ms, flags) == -1) {
511 		errno = EINVAL;
512 		goto free;
513 	}
514 
515 	ms->o.buf = ms->o.pbuf = NULL;
516 	len = (ms->c.len = 10) * sizeof(*ms->c.li);
517 
518 	if ((ms->c.li = CAST(struct level_info *, malloc(len))) == NULL)
519 		goto free;
520 
521 	ms->event_flags = 0;
522 	ms->error = -1;
523 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
524 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
525 	ms->file = "unknown";
526 	ms->line = 0;
527 	ms->indir_max = FILE_INDIR_MAX;
528 	ms->name_max = FILE_NAME_MAX;
529 	ms->elf_shnum_max = FILE_ELF_SHNUM_MAX;
530 	ms->elf_phnum_max = FILE_ELF_PHNUM_MAX;
531 	ms->elf_notes_max = FILE_ELF_NOTES_MAX;
532 	ms->regex_max = FILE_REGEX_MAX;
533 	ms->bytes_max = FILE_BYTES_MAX;
534 	return ms;
535 free:
536 	free(ms);
537 	return NULL;
538 }
539 
540 private void
541 apprentice_unmap(struct magic_map *map)
542 {
543 	size_t i;
544 	if (map == NULL)
545 		return;
546 
547 	switch (map->type) {
548 	case MAP_TYPE_USER:
549 		break;
550 	case MAP_TYPE_MALLOC:
551 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
552 			void *b = map->magic[i];
553 			void *p = map->p;
554 			if (CAST(char *, b) >= CAST(char *, p) &&
555 			    CAST(char *, b) <= CAST(char *, p) + map->len)
556 				continue;
557 			free(map->magic[i]);
558 		}
559 		free(map->p);
560 		break;
561 #ifdef QUICK
562 	case MAP_TYPE_MMAP:
563 		if (map->p && map->p != MAP_FAILED)
564 			(void)munmap(map->p, map->len);
565 		break;
566 #endif
567 	default:
568 		abort();
569 	}
570 	free(map);
571 }
572 
573 private struct mlist *
574 mlist_alloc(void)
575 {
576 	struct mlist *mlist;
577 	if ((mlist = CAST(struct mlist *, calloc(1, sizeof(*mlist)))) == NULL) {
578 		return NULL;
579 	}
580 	mlist->next = mlist->prev = mlist;
581 	return mlist;
582 }
583 
584 private void
585 mlist_free_one(struct mlist *ml)
586 {
587 	if (ml->map)
588 		apprentice_unmap(CAST(struct magic_map *, ml->map));
589 	free(ml);
590 }
591 
592 private void
593 mlist_free(struct mlist *mlist)
594 {
595 	struct mlist *ml, *next;
596 
597 	if (mlist == NULL)
598 		return;
599 
600 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = next) {
601 		next = ml->next;
602 		mlist_free_one(ml);
603 	}
604 	mlist_free_one(mlist);
605 }
606 
607 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
608 /* void **bufs: an array of compiled magic files */
609 protected int
610 buffer_apprentice(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic **bufs,
611     size_t *sizes, size_t nbufs)
612 {
613 	size_t i, j;
614 	struct mlist *ml;
615 	struct magic_map *map;
616 
617 	if (nbufs == 0)
618 		return -1;
619 
620 	(void)file_reset(ms, 0);
621 
622 	init_file_tables();
623 
624 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
625 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
626 		if ((ms->mlist[i] = mlist_alloc()) == NULL) {
627 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ms->mlist[i]));
628 			goto fail;
629 		}
630 	}
631 
632 	for (i = 0; i < nbufs; i++) {
633 		map = apprentice_buf(ms, bufs[i], sizes[i]);
634 		if (map == NULL)
635 			goto fail;
636 
637 		for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
638 			if (add_mlist(ms->mlist[j], map, j) == -1) {
639 				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
640 				goto fail;
641 			}
642 		}
643 	}
644 
645 	return 0;
646 fail:
647 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
648 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
649 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
650 	}
651 	return -1;
652 }
653 #endif
654 
655 /* const char *fn: list of magic files and directories */
656 protected int
657 file_apprentice(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
658 {
659 	char *p, *mfn;
660 	int fileerr, errs = -1;
661 	size_t i;
662 
663 	(void)file_reset(ms, 0);
664 
665 	if ((fn = magic_getpath(fn, action)) == NULL)
666 		return -1;
667 
668 	init_file_tables();
669 
670 	if ((mfn = strdup(fn)) == NULL) {
671 		file_oomem(ms, strlen(fn));
672 		return -1;
673 	}
674 
675 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
676 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
677 		if ((ms->mlist[i] = mlist_alloc()) == NULL) {
678 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ms->mlist[i]));
679 			while (i-- > 0) {
680 				mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
681 				ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
682 			}
683 			free(mfn);
684 			return -1;
685 		}
686 	}
687 	fn = mfn;
688 
689 	while (fn) {
690 		p = strchr(fn, PATHSEP);
691 		if (p)
692 			*p++ = '\0';
693 		if (*fn == '\0')
694 			break;
695 		fileerr = apprentice_1(ms, fn, action);
696 		errs = MAX(errs, fileerr);
697 		fn = p;
698 	}
699 
700 	free(mfn);
701 
702 	if (errs == -1) {
703 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
704 			mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
705 			ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
706 		}
707 		file_error(ms, 0, "could not find any valid magic files!");
708 		return -1;
709 	}
710 
711 #if 0
712 	/*
713 	 * Always leave the database loaded
714 	 */
715 	if (action == FILE_LOAD)
716 		return 0;
717 
718 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
719 		mlist_free(ms->mlist[i]);
720 		ms->mlist[i] = NULL;
721 	}
722 #endif
723 
724 	switch (action) {
725 	case FILE_LOAD:
726 	case FILE_COMPILE:
727 	case FILE_CHECK:
728 	case FILE_LIST:
729 		return 0;
730 	default:
731 		file_error(ms, 0, "Invalid action %d", action);
732 		return -1;
733 	}
734 }
735 
736 /*
737  * Compute the real length of a magic expression, for the purposes
738  * of determining how "strong" a magic expression is (approximating
739  * how specific its matches are):
740  *	- magic characters count 0 unless escaped.
741  *	- [] expressions count 1
742  *	- {} expressions count 0
743  *	- regular characters or escaped magic characters count 1
744  *	- 0 length expressions count as one
745  */
746 private size_t
747 nonmagic(const char *str)
748 {
749 	const char *p;
750 	size_t rv = 0;
751 
752 	for (p = str; *p; p++)
753 		switch (*p) {
754 		case '\\':	/* Escaped anything counts 1 */
755 			if (!*++p)
756 				p--;
757 			rv++;
758 			continue;
759 		case '?':	/* Magic characters count 0 */
760 		case '*':
761 		case '.':
762 		case '+':
763 		case '^':
764 		case '$':
765 			continue;
766 		case '[':	/* Bracketed expressions count 1 the ']' */
767 			while (*p && *p != ']')
768 				p++;
769 			p--;
770 			continue;
771 		case '{':	/* Braced expressions count 0 */
772 			while (*p && *p != '}')
773 				p++;
774 			if (!*p)
775 				p--;
776 			continue;
777 		default:	/* Anything else counts 1 */
778 			rv++;
779 			continue;
780 		}
781 
782 	return rv == 0 ? 1 : rv;	/* Return at least 1 */
783 }
784 
785 
786 private size_t
787 typesize(int type)
788 {
789 	switch (type) {
790 	case FILE_BYTE:
791 		return 1;
792 
793 	case FILE_SHORT:
794 	case FILE_LESHORT:
795 	case FILE_BESHORT:
796 		return 2;
797 
798 	case FILE_LONG:
799 	case FILE_LELONG:
800 	case FILE_BELONG:
801 	case FILE_MELONG:
802 		return 4;
803 
804 	case FILE_DATE:
805 	case FILE_LEDATE:
806 	case FILE_BEDATE:
807 	case FILE_MEDATE:
808 	case FILE_LDATE:
809 	case FILE_LELDATE:
810 	case FILE_BELDATE:
811 	case FILE_MELDATE:
812 	case FILE_FLOAT:
813 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
814 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
815 		return 4;
816 
817 	case FILE_QUAD:
818 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
819 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
820 	case FILE_QDATE:
821 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
822 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
823 	case FILE_QLDATE:
824 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
825 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
826 	case FILE_QWDATE:
827 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
828 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
829 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
830 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
831 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
832 		return 8;
833 	default:
834 		return CAST(size_t, ~0);
835 	}
836 }
837 
838 /*
839  * Get weight of this magic entry, for sorting purposes.
840  */
841 private size_t
842 apprentice_magic_strength(const struct magic *m)
843 {
844 #define MULT 10U
845 	size_t ts, v;
846 	ssize_t val = 2 * MULT;	/* baseline strength */
847 
848 	switch (m->type) {
849 	case FILE_DEFAULT:	/* make sure this sorts last */
850 		if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE)
851 			abort();
852 		return 0;
853 
854 	case FILE_BYTE:
855 	case FILE_SHORT:
856 	case FILE_LESHORT:
857 	case FILE_BESHORT:
858 	case FILE_LONG:
859 	case FILE_LELONG:
860 	case FILE_BELONG:
861 	case FILE_MELONG:
862 	case FILE_DATE:
863 	case FILE_LEDATE:
864 	case FILE_BEDATE:
865 	case FILE_MEDATE:
866 	case FILE_LDATE:
867 	case FILE_LELDATE:
868 	case FILE_BELDATE:
869 	case FILE_MELDATE:
870 	case FILE_FLOAT:
871 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
872 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
873 	case FILE_QUAD:
874 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
875 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
876 	case FILE_QDATE:
877 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
878 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
879 	case FILE_QLDATE:
880 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
881 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
882 	case FILE_QWDATE:
883 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
884 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
885 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
886 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
887 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
888 		ts = typesize(m->type);
889 		if (ts == CAST(size_t, ~0))
890 			abort();
891 		val += ts * MULT;
892 		break;
893 
894 	case FILE_PSTRING:
895 	case FILE_STRING:
896 		val += m->vallen * MULT;
897 		break;
898 
899 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
900 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
901 		val += m->vallen * MULT / 2;
902 		break;
903 
904 	case FILE_SEARCH:
905 		if (m->vallen == 0)
906 			break;
907 		val += m->vallen * MAX(MULT / m->vallen, 1);
908 		break;
909 
910 	case FILE_REGEX:
911 		v = nonmagic(m->value.s);
912 		val += v * MAX(MULT / v, 1);
913 		break;
914 
915 	case FILE_INDIRECT:
916 	case FILE_NAME:
917 	case FILE_USE:
918 		break;
919 
920 	case FILE_DER:
921 		val += MULT;
922 		break;
923 
924 	default:
925 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad type %d\n", m->type);
926 		abort();
927 	}
928 
929 	switch (m->reln) {
930 	case 'x':	/* matches anything penalize */
931 	case '!':       /* matches almost anything penalize */
932 		val = 0;
933 		break;
934 
935 	case '=':	/* Exact match, prefer */
936 		val += MULT;
937 		break;
938 
939 	case '>':
940 	case '<':	/* comparison match reduce strength */
941 		val -= 2 * MULT;
942 		break;
943 
944 	case '^':
945 	case '&':	/* masking bits, we could count them too */
946 		val -= MULT;
947 		break;
948 
949 	default:
950 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "Bad relation %c\n", m->reln);
951 		abort();
952 	}
953 
954 	switch (m->factor_op) {
955 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
956 		break;
957 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
958 		val += m->factor;
959 		break;
960 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
961 		val -= m->factor;
962 		break;
963 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
964 		val *= m->factor;
965 		break;
966 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
967 		val /= m->factor;
968 		break;
969 	default:
970 		abort();
971 	}
972 
973 	if (val <= 0)	/* ensure we only return 0 for FILE_DEFAULT */
974 		val = 1;
975 
976 	/*
977 	 * Magic entries with no description get a bonus because they depend
978 	 * on subsequent magic entries to print something.
979 	 */
980 	if (m->desc[0] == '\0')
981 		val++;
982 	return val;
983 }
984 
985 /*
986  * Sort callback for sorting entries by "strength" (basically length)
987  */
988 private int
989 apprentice_sort(const void *a, const void *b)
990 {
991 	const struct magic_entry *ma = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, a);
992 	const struct magic_entry *mb = CAST(const struct magic_entry *, b);
993 	size_t sa = apprentice_magic_strength(ma->mp);
994 	size_t sb = apprentice_magic_strength(mb->mp);
995 	if (sa == sb)
996 		return 0;
997 	else if (sa > sb)
998 		return -1;
999 	else
1000 		return 1;
1001 }
1002 
1003 /*
1004  * Shows sorted patterns list in the order which is used for the matching
1005  */
1006 private void
1007 apprentice_list(struct mlist *mlist, int mode)
1008 {
1009 	uint32_t magindex = 0;
1010 	struct mlist *ml;
1011 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
1012 		for (magindex = 0; magindex < ml->nmagic; magindex++) {
1013 			struct magic *m = &ml->magic[magindex];
1014 			if ((m->flag & mode) != mode) {
1015 				/* Skip sub-tests */
1016 				while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
1017 				       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0)
1018 					++magindex;
1019 				continue; /* Skip to next top-level test*/
1020 			}
1021 
1022 			/*
1023 			 * Try to iterate over the tree until we find item with
1024 			 * description/mimetype.
1025 			 */
1026 			while (magindex + 1 < ml->nmagic &&
1027 			       ml->magic[magindex + 1].cont_level != 0 &&
1028 			       *ml->magic[magindex].desc == '\0' &&
1029 			       *ml->magic[magindex].mimetype == '\0')
1030 				magindex++;
1031 
1032 			printf("Strength = %3" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u@%u: %s [%s]\n",
1033 			    apprentice_magic_strength(m),
1034 			    ml->magic[magindex].lineno,
1035 			    ml->magic[magindex].desc,
1036 			    ml->magic[magindex].mimetype);
1037 		}
1038 	}
1039 }
1040 
1041 private void
1042 set_test_type(struct magic *mstart, struct magic *m)
1043 {
1044 	switch (m->type) {
1045 	case FILE_BYTE:
1046 	case FILE_SHORT:
1047 	case FILE_LONG:
1048 	case FILE_DATE:
1049 	case FILE_BESHORT:
1050 	case FILE_BELONG:
1051 	case FILE_BEDATE:
1052 	case FILE_LESHORT:
1053 	case FILE_LELONG:
1054 	case FILE_LEDATE:
1055 	case FILE_LDATE:
1056 	case FILE_BELDATE:
1057 	case FILE_LELDATE:
1058 	case FILE_MEDATE:
1059 	case FILE_MELDATE:
1060 	case FILE_MELONG:
1061 	case FILE_QUAD:
1062 	case FILE_LEQUAD:
1063 	case FILE_BEQUAD:
1064 	case FILE_QDATE:
1065 	case FILE_LEQDATE:
1066 	case FILE_BEQDATE:
1067 	case FILE_QLDATE:
1068 	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
1069 	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
1070 	case FILE_QWDATE:
1071 	case FILE_LEQWDATE:
1072 	case FILE_BEQWDATE:
1073 	case FILE_FLOAT:
1074 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
1075 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
1076 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
1077 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
1078 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
1079 	case FILE_DER:
1080 		mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1081 		break;
1082 	case FILE_STRING:
1083 	case FILE_PSTRING:
1084 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
1085 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
1086 		/* Allow text overrides */
1087 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
1088 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1089 		else
1090 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1091 		break;
1092 	case FILE_REGEX:
1093 	case FILE_SEARCH:
1094 		/* Check for override */
1095 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_BINTEST)
1096 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1097 		if (mstart->str_flags & STRING_TEXTTEST)
1098 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1099 
1100 		if (mstart->flag & (TEXTTEST|BINTEST))
1101 			break;
1102 
1103 		/* binary test if pattern is not text */
1104 		if (file_looks_utf8(m->value.us, CAST(size_t, m->vallen), NULL,
1105 		    NULL) <= 0)
1106 			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
1107 		else
1108 			mstart->flag |= TEXTTEST;
1109 		break;
1110 	case FILE_DEFAULT:
1111 		/* can't deduce anything; we shouldn't see this at the
1112 		   top level anyway */
1113 		break;
1114 	case FILE_INVALID:
1115 	default:
1116 		/* invalid search type, but no need to complain here */
1117 		break;
1118 	}
1119 }
1120 
1121 private int
1122 addentry(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me,
1123    struct magic_entry_set *mset)
1124 {
1125 	size_t i = me->mp->type == FILE_NAME ? 1 : 0;
1126 	if (mset[i].count == mset[i].max) {
1127 		struct magic_entry *mp;
1128 
1129 		mset[i].max += ALLOC_INCR;
1130 		if ((mp = CAST(struct magic_entry *,
1131 		    realloc(mset[i].me, sizeof(*mp) * mset[i].max))) ==
1132 		    NULL) {
1133 			file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*mp) * mset[i].max);
1134 			return -1;
1135 		}
1136 		(void)memset(&mp[mset[i].count], 0, sizeof(*mp) *
1137 		    ALLOC_INCR);
1138 		mset[i].me = mp;
1139 	}
1140 	mset[i].me[mset[i].count++] = *me;
1141 	memset(me, 0, sizeof(*me));
1142 	return 0;
1143 }
1144 
1145 /*
1146  * Load and parse one file.
1147  */
1148 private void
1149 load_1(struct magic_set *ms, int action, const char *fn, int *errs,
1150    struct magic_entry_set *mset)
1151 {
1152 	size_t lineno = 0, llen = 0;
1153 	char *line = NULL;
1154 	ssize_t len;
1155 	struct magic_entry me;
1156 
1157 	FILE *f = fopen(ms->file = fn, "r");
1158 	if (f == NULL) {
1159 		if (errno != ENOENT)
1160 			file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read magic file `%s'",
1161 				   fn);
1162 		(*errs)++;
1163 		return;
1164 	}
1165 
1166 	memset(&me, 0, sizeof(me));
1167 	/* read and parse this file */
1168 	for (ms->line = 1; (len = getline(&line, &llen, f)) != -1;
1169 	    ms->line++) {
1170 		if (len == 0) /* null line, garbage, etc */
1171 			continue;
1172 		if (line[len - 1] == '\n') {
1173 			lineno++;
1174 			line[len - 1] = '\0'; /* delete newline */
1175 		}
1176 		switch (line[0]) {
1177 		case '\0':	/* empty, do not parse */
1178 		case '#':	/* comment, do not parse */
1179 			continue;
1180 		case '!':
1181 			if (line[1] == ':') {
1182 				size_t i;
1183 
1184 				for (i = 0; bang[i].name != NULL; i++) {
1185 					if (CAST(size_t, len - 2) > bang[i].len &&
1186 					    memcmp(bang[i].name, line + 2,
1187 					    bang[i].len) == 0)
1188 						break;
1189 				}
1190 				if (bang[i].name == NULL) {
1191 					file_error(ms, 0,
1192 					    "Unknown !: entry `%s'", line);
1193 					(*errs)++;
1194 					continue;
1195 				}
1196 				if (me.mp == NULL) {
1197 					file_error(ms, 0,
1198 					    "No current entry for :!%s type",
1199 						bang[i].name);
1200 					(*errs)++;
1201 					continue;
1202 				}
1203 				if ((*bang[i].fun)(ms, &me,
1204 				    line + bang[i].len + 2) != 0) {
1205 					(*errs)++;
1206 					continue;
1207 				}
1208 				continue;
1209 			}
1210 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
1211 		default:
1212 		again:
1213 			switch (parse(ms, &me, line, lineno, action)) {
1214 			case 0:
1215 				continue;
1216 			case 1:
1217 				(void)addentry(ms, &me, mset);
1218 				goto again;
1219 			default:
1220 				(*errs)++;
1221 				break;
1222 			}
1223 		}
1224 	}
1225 	if (me.mp)
1226 		(void)addentry(ms, &me, mset);
1227 	free(line);
1228 	(void)fclose(f);
1229 }
1230 
1231 /*
1232  * parse a file or directory of files
1233  * const char *fn: name of magic file or directory
1234  */
1235 private int
1236 cmpstrp(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1237 {
1238         return strcmp(*RCAST(char *const *, p1), *RCAST(char *const *, p2));
1239 }
1240 
1241 
1242 private uint32_t
1243 set_text_binary(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
1244     uint32_t starttest)
1245 {
1246 	static const char text[] = "text";
1247 	static const char binary[] = "binary";
1248 	static const size_t len = sizeof(text);
1249 
1250 	uint32_t i = starttest;
1251 
1252 	do {
1253 		set_test_type(me[starttest].mp, me[i].mp);
1254 		if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_DEBUG) == 0)
1255 			continue;
1256 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s: %s\n",
1257 		    me[i].mp->mimetype,
1258 		    me[i].mp->mimetype[0] == '\0' ? "" : "; ",
1259 		    me[i].mp->desc[0] ? me[i].mp->desc : "(no description)",
1260 		    me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST ? binary : text);
1261 		if (me[i].mp->flag & BINTEST) {
1262 			char *p = strstr(me[i].mp->desc, text);
1263 			if (p && (p == me[i].mp->desc ||
1264 			    isspace(CAST(unsigned char, p[-1]))) &&
1265 			    (p + len - me[i].mp->desc == MAXstring
1266 			    || (p[len] == '\0' ||
1267 			    isspace(CAST(unsigned char, p[len])))))
1268 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "*** Possible "
1269 				    "binary test for text type\n");
1270 		}
1271 	} while (++i < nme && me[i].mp->cont_level != 0);
1272 	return i;
1273 }
1274 
1275 private void
1276 set_last_default(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
1277 {
1278 	uint32_t i;
1279 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
1280 		if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0 &&
1281 		    me[i].mp->type == FILE_DEFAULT) {
1282 			while (++i < nme)
1283 				if (me[i].mp->cont_level == 0)
1284 					break;
1285 			if (i != nme) {
1286 				/* XXX - Ugh! */
1287 				ms->line = me[i].mp->lineno;
1288 				file_magwarn(ms,
1289 				    "level 0 \"default\" did not sort last");
1290 			}
1291 			return;
1292 		}
1293 	}
1294 }
1295 
1296 private int
1297 coalesce_entries(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme,
1298     struct magic **ma, uint32_t *nma)
1299 {
1300 	uint32_t i, mentrycount = 0;
1301 	size_t slen;
1302 
1303 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
1304 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
1305 
1306 	slen = sizeof(**ma) * mentrycount;
1307 	if ((*ma = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(slen))) == NULL) {
1308 		file_oomem(ms, slen);
1309 		return -1;
1310 	}
1311 
1312 	mentrycount = 0;
1313 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++) {
1314 		(void)memcpy(*ma + mentrycount, me[i].mp,
1315 		    me[i].cont_count * sizeof(**ma));
1316 		mentrycount += me[i].cont_count;
1317 	}
1318 	*nma = mentrycount;
1319 	return 0;
1320 }
1321 
1322 private void
1323 magic_entry_free(struct magic_entry *me, uint32_t nme)
1324 {
1325 	uint32_t i;
1326 	if (me == NULL)
1327 		return;
1328 	for (i = 0; i < nme; i++)
1329 		free(me[i].mp);
1330 	free(me);
1331 }
1332 
1333 private struct magic_map *
1334 apprentice_load(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int action)
1335 {
1336 	int errs = 0;
1337 	uint32_t i, j;
1338 	size_t files = 0, maxfiles = 0;
1339 	char **filearr = NULL, *mfn;
1340 	struct stat st;
1341 	struct magic_map *map;
1342 	struct magic_entry_set mset[MAGIC_SETS];
1343 	DIR *dir;
1344 	struct dirent *d;
1345 
1346 	memset(mset, 0, sizeof(mset));
1347 	ms->flags |= MAGIC_CHECK;	/* Enable checks for parsed files */
1348 
1349 
1350 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL)
1351 	{
1352 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
1353 		return NULL;
1354 	}
1355 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_MALLOC;
1356 
1357 	/* print silly verbose header for USG compat. */
1358 	if (action == FILE_CHECK)
1359 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", usg_hdr);
1360 
1361 	/* load directory or file */
1362 	if (stat(fn, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1363 		dir = opendir(fn);
1364 		if (!dir) {
1365 			errs++;
1366 			goto out;
1367 		}
1368 		while ((d = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
1369 			if (d->d_name[0] == '.')
1370 				continue;
1371 			if (asprintf(&mfn, "%s/%s", fn, d->d_name) < 0) {
1372 				file_oomem(ms,
1373 				    strlen(fn) + strlen(d->d_name) + 2);
1374 				errs++;
1375 				closedir(dir);
1376 				goto out;
1377 			}
1378 			if (stat(mfn, &st) == -1 || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
1379 				free(mfn);
1380 				continue;
1381 			}
1382 			if (files >= maxfiles) {
1383 				size_t mlen;
1384 				maxfiles = (maxfiles + 1) * 2;
1385 				mlen = maxfiles * sizeof(*filearr);
1386 				if ((filearr = CAST(char **,
1387 				    realloc(filearr, mlen))) == NULL) {
1388 					file_oomem(ms, mlen);
1389 					free(mfn);
1390 					closedir(dir);
1391 					errs++;
1392 					goto out;
1393 				}
1394 			}
1395 			filearr[files++] = mfn;
1396 		}
1397 		closedir(dir);
1398 		if (filearr) {
1399 			qsort(filearr, files, sizeof(*filearr), cmpstrp);
1400 			for (i = 0; i < files; i++) {
1401 				load_1(ms, action, filearr[i], &errs, mset);
1402 				free(filearr[i]);
1403 			}
1404 			free(filearr);
1405 		}
1406 	} else
1407 		load_1(ms, action, fn, &errs, mset);
1408 	if (errs)
1409 		goto out;
1410 
1411 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++) {
1412 		/* Set types of tests */
1413 		for (i = 0; i < mset[j].count; ) {
1414 			if (mset[j].me[i].mp->cont_level != 0) {
1415 				i++;
1416 				continue;
1417 			}
1418 			i = set_text_binary(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count, i);
1419 		}
1420 		if (mset[j].me)
1421 			qsort(mset[j].me, mset[j].count, sizeof(*mset[j].me),
1422 			    apprentice_sort);
1423 
1424 		/*
1425 		 * Make sure that any level 0 "default" line is last
1426 		 * (if one exists).
1427 		 */
1428 		set_last_default(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count);
1429 
1430 		/* coalesce per file arrays into a single one */
1431 		if (coalesce_entries(ms, mset[j].me, mset[j].count,
1432 		    &map->magic[j], &map->nmagic[j]) == -1) {
1433 			errs++;
1434 			goto out;
1435 		}
1436 	}
1437 
1438 out:
1439 	for (j = 0; j < MAGIC_SETS; j++)
1440 		magic_entry_free(mset[j].me, mset[j].count);
1441 
1442 	if (errs) {
1443 		apprentice_unmap(map);
1444 		return NULL;
1445 	}
1446 	return map;
1447 }
1448 
1449 /*
1450  * extend the sign bit if the comparison is to be signed
1451  */
1452 protected uint64_t
1453 file_signextend(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, uint64_t v)
1454 {
1455 	if (!(m->flag & UNSIGNED)) {
1456 		switch(m->type) {
1457 		/*
1458 		 * Do not remove the casts below.  They are
1459 		 * vital.  When later compared with the data,
1460 		 * the sign extension must have happened.
1461 		 */
1462 		case FILE_BYTE:
1463 			v = CAST(signed char,  v);
1464 			break;
1465 		case FILE_SHORT:
1466 		case FILE_BESHORT:
1467 		case FILE_LESHORT:
1468 			v = CAST(short, v);
1469 			break;
1470 		case FILE_DATE:
1471 		case FILE_BEDATE:
1472 		case FILE_LEDATE:
1473 		case FILE_MEDATE:
1474 		case FILE_LDATE:
1475 		case FILE_BELDATE:
1476 		case FILE_LELDATE:
1477 		case FILE_MELDATE:
1478 		case FILE_LONG:
1479 		case FILE_BELONG:
1480 		case FILE_LELONG:
1481 		case FILE_MELONG:
1482 		case FILE_FLOAT:
1483 		case FILE_BEFLOAT:
1484 		case FILE_LEFLOAT:
1485 			v = CAST(int32_t, v);
1486 			break;
1487 		case FILE_QUAD:
1488 		case FILE_BEQUAD:
1489 		case FILE_LEQUAD:
1490 		case FILE_QDATE:
1491 		case FILE_QLDATE:
1492 		case FILE_QWDATE:
1493 		case FILE_BEQDATE:
1494 		case FILE_BEQLDATE:
1495 		case FILE_BEQWDATE:
1496 		case FILE_LEQDATE:
1497 		case FILE_LEQLDATE:
1498 		case FILE_LEQWDATE:
1499 		case FILE_DOUBLE:
1500 		case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
1501 		case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
1502 			v = CAST(int64_t, v);
1503 			break;
1504 		case FILE_STRING:
1505 		case FILE_PSTRING:
1506 		case FILE_BESTRING16:
1507 		case FILE_LESTRING16:
1508 		case FILE_REGEX:
1509 		case FILE_SEARCH:
1510 		case FILE_DEFAULT:
1511 		case FILE_INDIRECT:
1512 		case FILE_NAME:
1513 		case FILE_USE:
1514 		case FILE_CLEAR:
1515 		case FILE_DER:
1516 			break;
1517 		default:
1518 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1519 			    file_magwarn(ms, "cannot happen: m->type=%d\n",
1520 				    m->type);
1521 			return ~0U;
1522 		}
1523 	}
1524 	return v;
1525 }
1526 
1527 private int
1528 string_modifier_check(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
1529 {
1530 	if ((ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) == 0)
1531 		return 0;
1532 
1533 	if ((m->type != FILE_REGEX || (m->str_flags & REGEX_LINE_COUNT) == 0) &&
1534 	    (m->type != FILE_PSTRING && (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) != 0)) {
1535 		file_magwarn(ms,
1536 		    "'/BHhLl' modifiers are only allowed for pascal strings\n");
1537 		return -1;
1538 	}
1539 	switch (m->type) {
1540 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
1541 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
1542 		if (m->str_flags != 0) {
1543 			file_magwarn(ms,
1544 			    "no modifiers allowed for 16-bit strings\n");
1545 			return -1;
1546 		}
1547 		break;
1548 	case FILE_STRING:
1549 	case FILE_PSTRING:
1550 		if ((m->str_flags & REGEX_OFFSET_START) != 0) {
1551 			file_magwarn(ms,
1552 			    "'/%c' only allowed on regex and search\n",
1553 			    CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START);
1554 			return -1;
1555 		}
1556 		break;
1557 	case FILE_SEARCH:
1558 		if (m->str_range == 0) {
1559 			file_magwarn(ms,
1560 			    "missing range; defaulting to %d\n",
1561                             STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE);
1562 			m->str_range = STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE;
1563 			return -1;
1564 		}
1565 		break;
1566 	case FILE_REGEX:
1567 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1568 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1569 			    CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE);
1570 			return -1;
1571 		}
1572 		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE) != 0) {
1573 			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
1574 			    CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE);
1575 			return -1;
1576 		}
1577 		break;
1578 	default:
1579 		file_magwarn(ms, "coding error: m->type=%d\n",
1580 		    m->type);
1581 		return -1;
1582 	}
1583 	return 0;
1584 }
1585 
1586 private int
1587 get_op(char c)
1588 {
1589 	switch (c) {
1590 	case '&':
1591 		return FILE_OPAND;
1592 	case '|':
1593 		return FILE_OPOR;
1594 	case '^':
1595 		return FILE_OPXOR;
1596 	case '+':
1597 		return FILE_OPADD;
1598 	case '-':
1599 		return FILE_OPMINUS;
1600 	case '*':
1601 		return FILE_OPMULTIPLY;
1602 	case '/':
1603 		return FILE_OPDIVIDE;
1604 	case '%':
1605 		return FILE_OPMODULO;
1606 	default:
1607 		return -1;
1608 	}
1609 }
1610 
1611 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1612 private int
1613 get_cond(const char *l, const char **t)
1614 {
1615 	static const struct cond_tbl_s {
1616 		char name[8];
1617 		size_t len;
1618 		int cond;
1619 	} cond_tbl[] = {
1620 		{ "if",		2,	COND_IF },
1621 		{ "elif",	4,	COND_ELIF },
1622 		{ "else",	4,	COND_ELSE },
1623 		{ "",		0,	COND_NONE },
1624 	};
1625 	const struct cond_tbl_s *p;
1626 
1627 	for (p = cond_tbl; p->len; p++) {
1628 		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0 &&
1629 		    isspace(CAST(unsigned char, l[p->len]))) {
1630 			if (t)
1631 				*t = l + p->len;
1632 			break;
1633 		}
1634 	}
1635 	return p->cond;
1636 }
1637 
1638 private int
1639 check_cond(struct magic_set *ms, int cond, uint32_t cont_level)
1640 {
1641 	int last_cond;
1642 	last_cond = ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond;
1643 
1644 	switch (cond) {
1645 	case COND_IF:
1646 		if (last_cond != COND_NONE && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1647 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1648 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `if'");
1649 			return -1;
1650 		}
1651 		last_cond = COND_IF;
1652 		break;
1653 
1654 	case COND_ELIF:
1655 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1656 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1657 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `elif'");
1658 			return -1;
1659 		}
1660 		last_cond = COND_ELIF;
1661 		break;
1662 
1663 	case COND_ELSE:
1664 		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
1665 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1666 				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `else'");
1667 			return -1;
1668 		}
1669 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1670 		break;
1671 
1672 	case COND_NONE:
1673 		last_cond = COND_NONE;
1674 		break;
1675 	}
1676 
1677 	ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond = last_cond;
1678 	return 0;
1679 }
1680 #endif /* ENABLE_CONDITIONALS */
1681 
1682 private int
1683 parse_indirect_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp)
1684 {
1685 	const char *l = *lp;
1686 
1687 	while (!isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *++l)))
1688 		switch (*l) {
1689 		case CHAR_INDIRECT_RELATIVE:
1690 			m->str_flags |= INDIRECT_RELATIVE;
1691 			break;
1692 		default:
1693 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1694 				file_magwarn(ms, "indirect modifier `%c' "
1695 					"invalid", *l);
1696 			*lp = l;
1697 			return -1;
1698 		}
1699 	*lp = l;
1700 	return 0;
1701 }
1702 
1703 private void
1704 parse_op_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp,
1705     int op)
1706 {
1707 	const char *l = *lp;
1708 	char *t;
1709 	uint64_t val;
1710 
1711 	++l;
1712 	m->mask_op |= op;
1713 	val = CAST(uint64_t, strtoull(l, &t, 0));
1714 	l = t;
1715 	m->num_mask = file_signextend(ms, m, val);
1716 	eatsize(&l);
1717 	*lp = l;
1718 }
1719 
1720 private int
1721 parse_string_modifier(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **lp)
1722 {
1723 	const char *l = *lp;
1724 	char *t;
1725 	int have_range = 0;
1726 
1727 	while (!isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *++l))) {
1728 		switch (*l) {
1729 		case '0':  case '1':  case '2':
1730 		case '3':  case '4':  case '5':
1731 		case '6':  case '7':  case '8':
1732 		case '9':
1733 			if (have_range && (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK))
1734 				file_magwarn(ms, "multiple ranges");
1735 			have_range = 1;
1736 			m->str_range = CAST(uint32_t, strtoul(l, &t, 0));
1737 			if (m->str_range == 0)
1738 				file_magwarn(ms, "zero range");
1739 			l = t - 1;
1740 			break;
1741 		case CHAR_COMPACT_WHITESPACE:
1742 			m->str_flags |= STRING_COMPACT_WHITESPACE;
1743 			break;
1744 		case CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE:
1745 			m->str_flags |= STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_WHITESPACE;
1746 			break;
1747 		case CHAR_IGNORE_LOWERCASE:
1748 			m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_LOWERCASE;
1749 			break;
1750 		case CHAR_IGNORE_UPPERCASE:
1751 			m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_UPPERCASE;
1752 			break;
1753 		case CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START:
1754 			m->str_flags |= REGEX_OFFSET_START;
1755 			break;
1756 		case CHAR_BINTEST:
1757 			m->str_flags |= STRING_BINTEST;
1758 			break;
1759 		case CHAR_TEXTTEST:
1760 			m->str_flags |= STRING_TEXTTEST;
1761 			break;
1762 		case CHAR_TRIM:
1763 			m->str_flags |= STRING_TRIM;
1764 			break;
1765 		case CHAR_PSTRING_1_LE:
1766 #define SET_LENGTH(a) m->str_flags = (m->str_flags & ~PSTRING_LEN) | (a)
1767 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1768 				goto bad;
1769 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_1_LE);
1770 			break;
1771 		case CHAR_PSTRING_2_BE:
1772 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1773 				goto bad;
1774 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_2_BE);
1775 			break;
1776 		case CHAR_PSTRING_2_LE:
1777 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1778 				goto bad;
1779 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_2_LE);
1780 			break;
1781 		case CHAR_PSTRING_4_BE:
1782 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1783 				goto bad;
1784 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_4_BE);
1785 			break;
1786 		case CHAR_PSTRING_4_LE:
1787 			switch (m->type) {
1788 			case FILE_PSTRING:
1789 			case FILE_REGEX:
1790 				break;
1791 			default:
1792 				goto bad;
1793 			}
1794 			SET_LENGTH(PSTRING_4_LE);
1795 			break;
1796 		case CHAR_PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF:
1797 			if (m->type != FILE_PSTRING)
1798 				goto bad;
1799 			m->str_flags |= PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF;
1800 			break;
1801 		default:
1802 		bad:
1803 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1804 				file_magwarn(ms, "string modifier `%c' "
1805 					"invalid", *l);
1806 			goto out;
1807 		}
1808 		/* allow multiple '/' for readability */
1809 		if (l[1] == '/' && !isspace(CAST(unsigned char, l[2])))
1810 			l++;
1811 	}
1812 	if (string_modifier_check(ms, m) == -1)
1813 		goto out;
1814 	*lp = l;
1815 	return 0;
1816 out:
1817 	*lp = l;
1818 	return -1;
1819 }
1820 
1821 /*
1822  * parse one line from magic file, put into magic[index++] if valid
1823  */
1824 private int
1825 parse(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line,
1826     size_t lineno, int action)
1827 {
1828 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1829 	static uint32_t last_cont_level = 0;
1830 #endif
1831 	size_t i;
1832 	struct magic *m;
1833 	const char *l = line;
1834 	char *t;
1835 	int op;
1836 	uint32_t cont_level;
1837 	int32_t diff;
1838 
1839 	cont_level = 0;
1840 
1841 	/*
1842 	 * Parse the offset.
1843 	 */
1844 	while (*l == '>') {
1845 		++l;		/* step over */
1846 		cont_level++;
1847 	}
1848 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
1849 	if (cont_level == 0 || cont_level > last_cont_level)
1850 		if (file_check_mem(ms, cont_level) == -1)
1851 			return -1;
1852 	last_cont_level = cont_level;
1853 #endif
1854 	if (cont_level != 0) {
1855 		if (me->mp == NULL) {
1856 			file_magerror(ms, "No current entry for continuation");
1857 			return -1;
1858 		}
1859 		if (me->cont_count == 0) {
1860 			file_magerror(ms, "Continuations present with 0 count");
1861 			return -1;
1862 		}
1863 		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count - 1];
1864 		diff = CAST(int32_t, cont_level) - CAST(int32_t, m->cont_level);
1865 		if (diff > 1)
1866 			file_magwarn(ms, "New continuation level %u is more "
1867 			    "than one larger than current level %u", cont_level,
1868 			    m->cont_level);
1869 		if (me->cont_count == me->max_count) {
1870 			struct magic *nm;
1871 			size_t cnt = me->max_count + ALLOC_CHUNK;
1872 			if ((nm = CAST(struct magic *, realloc(me->mp,
1873 			    sizeof(*nm) * cnt))) == NULL) {
1874 				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*nm) * cnt);
1875 				return -1;
1876 			}
1877 			me->mp = nm;
1878 			me->max_count = CAST(uint32_t, cnt);
1879 		}
1880 		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count++];
1881 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1882 		m->cont_level = cont_level;
1883 	} else {
1884 		static const size_t len = sizeof(*m) * ALLOC_CHUNK;
1885 		if (me->mp != NULL)
1886 			return 1;
1887 		if ((m = CAST(struct magic *, malloc(len))) == NULL) {
1888 			file_oomem(ms, len);
1889 			return -1;
1890 		}
1891 		me->mp = m;
1892 		me->max_count = ALLOC_CHUNK;
1893 		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
1894 		m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
1895 		m->cont_level = 0;
1896 		me->cont_count = 1;
1897 	}
1898 	m->lineno = CAST(uint32_t, lineno);
1899 
1900 	if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below. */
1901                 ++l;            /* step over */
1902                 m->flag |= OFFADD;
1903         }
1904 	if (*l == '(') {
1905 		++l;		/* step over */
1906 		m->flag |= INDIR;
1907 		if (m->flag & OFFADD)
1908 			m->flag = (m->flag & ~OFFADD) | INDIROFFADD;
1909 
1910 		if (*l == '&') {  /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below */
1911 			++l;            /* step over */
1912 			m->flag |= OFFADD;
1913 		}
1914 	}
1915 	/* Indirect offsets are not valid at level 0. */
1916 	if (m->cont_level == 0 && (m->flag & (OFFADD | INDIROFFADD))) {
1917 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1918 			file_magwarn(ms, "relative offset at level 0");
1919 		return -1;
1920 	}
1921 
1922 	/* get offset, then skip over it */
1923 	m->offset = CAST(int32_t, strtol(l, &t, 0));
1924         if (l == t) {
1925 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1926 			file_magwarn(ms, "offset `%s' invalid", l);
1927 		return -1;
1928 	}
1929 
1930         l = t;
1931 
1932 	if (m->flag & INDIR) {
1933 		m->in_type = FILE_LONG;
1934 		m->in_offset = 0;
1935 		m->in_op = 0;
1936 		/*
1937 		 * read [.,lbs][+-]nnnnn)
1938 		 */
1939 		if (*l == '.' || *l == ',') {
1940 			if (*l == ',')
1941 				m->in_op |= FILE_OPSIGNED;
1942 			l++;
1943 			switch (*l) {
1944 			case 'l':
1945 				m->in_type = FILE_LELONG;
1946 				break;
1947 			case 'L':
1948 				m->in_type = FILE_BELONG;
1949 				break;
1950 			case 'm':
1951 				m->in_type = FILE_MELONG;
1952 				break;
1953 			case 'h':
1954 			case 's':
1955 				m->in_type = FILE_LESHORT;
1956 				break;
1957 			case 'H':
1958 			case 'S':
1959 				m->in_type = FILE_BESHORT;
1960 				break;
1961 			case 'c':
1962 			case 'b':
1963 			case 'C':
1964 			case 'B':
1965 				m->in_type = FILE_BYTE;
1966 				break;
1967 			case 'e':
1968 			case 'f':
1969 			case 'g':
1970 				m->in_type = FILE_LEDOUBLE;
1971 				break;
1972 			case 'E':
1973 			case 'F':
1974 			case 'G':
1975 				m->in_type = FILE_BEDOUBLE;
1976 				break;
1977 			case 'i':
1978 				m->in_type = FILE_LEID3;
1979 				break;
1980 			case 'I':
1981 				m->in_type = FILE_BEID3;
1982 				break;
1983 			case 'q':
1984 				m->in_type = FILE_LEQUAD;
1985 				break;
1986 			case 'Q':
1987 				m->in_type = FILE_BEQUAD;
1988 				break;
1989 			default:
1990 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
1991 					file_magwarn(ms,
1992 					    "indirect offset type `%c' invalid",
1993 					    *l);
1994 				return -1;
1995 			}
1996 			l++;
1997 		}
1998 
1999 		if (*l == '~') {
2000 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
2001 			l++;
2002 		}
2003 		if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
2004 			m->in_op |= op;
2005 			l++;
2006 		}
2007 		if (*l == '(') {
2008 			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINDIRECT;
2009 			l++;
2010 		}
2011 		if (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, *l)) || *l == '-') {
2012 			m->in_offset = CAST(int32_t, strtol(l, &t, 0));
2013 			if (l == t) {
2014 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2015 					file_magwarn(ms,
2016 					    "in_offset `%s' invalid", l);
2017 				return -1;
2018 			}
2019 			l = t;
2020 		}
2021 		if (*l++ != ')' ||
2022 		    ((m->in_op & FILE_OPINDIRECT) && *l++ != ')')) {
2023 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2024 				file_magwarn(ms,
2025 				    "missing ')' in indirect offset");
2026 			return -1;
2027 		}
2028 	}
2029 	EATAB;
2030 
2031 #ifdef ENABLE_CONDITIONALS
2032 	m->cond = get_cond(l, &l);
2033 	if (check_cond(ms, m->cond, cont_level) == -1)
2034 		return -1;
2035 
2036 	EATAB;
2037 #endif
2038 
2039 	/*
2040 	 * Parse the type.
2041 	 */
2042 	if (*l == 'u') {
2043 		/*
2044 		 * Try it as a keyword type prefixed by "u"; match what
2045 		 * follows the "u".  If that fails, try it as an SUS
2046 		 * integer type.
2047 		 */
2048 		m->type = get_type(type_tbl, l + 1, &l);
2049 		if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2050 			/*
2051 			 * Not a keyword type; parse it as an SUS type,
2052 			 * 'u' possibly followed by a number or C/S/L.
2053 			 */
2054 			m->type = get_standard_integer_type(l, &l);
2055 		}
2056 		/* It's unsigned. */
2057 		if (m->type != FILE_INVALID)
2058 			m->flag |= UNSIGNED;
2059 	} else {
2060 		/*
2061 		 * Try it as a keyword type.  If that fails, try it as
2062 		 * an SUS integer type if it begins with "d" or as an
2063 		 * SUS string type if it begins with "s".  In any case,
2064 		 * it's not unsigned.
2065 		 */
2066 		m->type = get_type(type_tbl, l, &l);
2067 		if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2068 			/*
2069 			 * Not a keyword type; parse it as an SUS type,
2070 			 * either 'd' possibly followed by a number or
2071 			 * C/S/L, or just 's'.
2072 			 */
2073 			if (*l == 'd')
2074 				m->type = get_standard_integer_type(l, &l);
2075 			else if (*l == 's'
2076 			    && !isalpha(CAST(unsigned char, l[1]))) {
2077 				m->type = FILE_STRING;
2078 				++l;
2079 			}
2080 		}
2081 	}
2082 
2083 	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2084 		/* Not found - try it as a special keyword. */
2085 		m->type = get_type(special_tbl, l, &l);
2086 	}
2087 
2088 	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
2089 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2090 			file_magwarn(ms, "type `%s' invalid", l);
2091 		return -1;
2092 	}
2093 
2094 	/* New-style anding: "0 byte&0x80 =0x80 dynamically linked" */
2095 	/* New and improved: ~ & | ^ + - * / % -- exciting, isn't it? */
2096 
2097 	m->mask_op = 0;
2098 	if (*l == '~') {
2099 		if (!IS_STRING(m->type))
2100 			m->mask_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
2101 		else if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2102 			file_magwarn(ms, "'~' invalid for string types");
2103 		++l;
2104 	}
2105 	m->str_range = 0;
2106 	m->str_flags = m->type == FILE_PSTRING ? PSTRING_1_LE : 0;
2107 	if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
2108 		if (IS_STRING(m->type)) {
2109 			int r;
2110 
2111 			if (op != FILE_OPDIVIDE) {
2112 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2113 					file_magwarn(ms,
2114 					    "invalid string/indirect op: "
2115 					    "`%c'", *t);
2116 				return -1;
2117 			}
2118 
2119 			if (m->type == FILE_INDIRECT)
2120 				r = parse_indirect_modifier(ms, m, &l);
2121 			else
2122 				r = parse_string_modifier(ms, m, &l);
2123 			if (r == -1)
2124 				return -1;
2125 		} else
2126 			parse_op_modifier(ms, m, &l, op);
2127 	}
2128 
2129 	/*
2130 	 * We used to set mask to all 1's here, instead let's just not do
2131 	 * anything if mask = 0 (unless you have a better idea)
2132 	 */
2133 	EATAB;
2134 
2135 	switch (*l) {
2136 	case '>':
2137 	case '<':
2138   		m->reln = *l;
2139   		++l;
2140 		if (*l == '=') {
2141 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
2142 				file_magwarn(ms, "%c= not supported",
2143 				    m->reln);
2144 				return -1;
2145 			}
2146 		   ++l;
2147 		}
2148 		break;
2149 	/* Old-style anding: "0 byte &0x80 dynamically linked" */
2150 	case '&':
2151 	case '^':
2152 	case '=':
2153   		m->reln = *l;
2154   		++l;
2155 		if (*l == '=') {
2156 		   /* HP compat: ignore &= etc. */
2157 		   ++l;
2158 		}
2159 		break;
2160 	case '!':
2161 		m->reln = *l;
2162 		++l;
2163 		break;
2164 	default:
2165   		m->reln = '=';	/* the default relation */
2166 		if (*l == 'x' && ((isascii(CAST(unsigned char, l[1])) &&
2167 		    isspace(CAST(unsigned char, l[1]))) || !l[1])) {
2168 			m->reln = *l;
2169 			++l;
2170 		}
2171 		break;
2172 	}
2173 	/*
2174 	 * Grab the value part, except for an 'x' reln.
2175 	 */
2176 	if (m->reln != 'x' && getvalue(ms, m, &l, action))
2177 		return -1;
2178 
2179 	/*
2180 	 * TODO finish this macro and start using it!
2181 	 * #define offsetcheck {if (offset > ms->bytes_max -1)
2182 	 *	magwarn("offset too big"); }
2183 	 */
2184 
2185 	/*
2186 	 * Now get last part - the description
2187 	 */
2188 	EATAB;
2189 	if (l[0] == '\b') {
2190 		++l;
2191 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
2192 	} else if ((l[0] == '\\') && (l[1] == 'b')) {
2193 		++l;
2194 		++l;
2195 		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
2196 	}
2197 	for (i = 0; (m->desc[i++] = *l++) != '\0' && i < sizeof(m->desc); )
2198 		continue;
2199 	if (i == sizeof(m->desc)) {
2200 		m->desc[sizeof(m->desc) - 1] = '\0';
2201 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2202 			file_magwarn(ms, "description `%s' truncated", m->desc);
2203 	}
2204 
2205         /*
2206 	 * We only do this check while compiling, or if any of the magic
2207 	 * files were not compiled.
2208          */
2209         if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK) {
2210 		if (check_format(ms, m) == -1)
2211 			return -1;
2212 	}
2213 #ifndef COMPILE_ONLY
2214 	if (action == FILE_CHECK) {
2215 		file_mdump(m);
2216 	}
2217 #endif
2218 	m->mimetype[0] = '\0';		/* initialise MIME type to none */
2219 	return 0;
2220 }
2221 
2222 /*
2223  * parse a STRENGTH annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
2224  * if valid
2225  */
2226 private int
2227 parse_strength(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2228 {
2229 	const char *l = line;
2230 	char *el;
2231 	unsigned long factor;
2232 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2233 
2234 	if (m->factor_op != FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE) {
2235 		file_magwarn(ms,
2236 		    "Current entry already has a strength type: %c %d",
2237 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
2238 		return -1;
2239 	}
2240 	if (m->type == FILE_NAME) {
2241 		file_magwarn(ms, "%s: Strength setting is not supported in "
2242 		    "\"name\" magic entries", m->value.s);
2243 		return -1;
2244 	}
2245 	EATAB;
2246 	switch (*l) {
2247 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE:
2248 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_PLUS:
2249 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_MINUS:
2250 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_TIMES:
2251 	case FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV:
2252 		m->factor_op = *l++;
2253 		break;
2254 	default:
2255 		file_magwarn(ms, "Unknown factor op `%c'", *l);
2256 		return -1;
2257 	}
2258 	EATAB;
2259 	factor = strtoul(l, &el, 0);
2260 	if (factor > 255) {
2261 		file_magwarn(ms, "Too large factor `%lu'", factor);
2262 		goto out;
2263 	}
2264 	if (*el && !isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *el))) {
2265 		file_magwarn(ms, "Bad factor `%s'", l);
2266 		goto out;
2267 	}
2268 	m->factor = CAST(uint8_t, factor);
2269 	if (m->factor == 0 && m->factor_op == FILE_FACTOR_OP_DIV) {
2270 		file_magwarn(ms, "Cannot have factor op `%c' and factor %u",
2271 		    m->factor_op, m->factor);
2272 		goto out;
2273 	}
2274 	return 0;
2275 out:
2276 	m->factor_op = FILE_FACTOR_OP_NONE;
2277 	m->factor = 0;
2278 	return -1;
2279 }
2280 
2281 private int
2282 goodchar(unsigned char x, const char *extra)
2283 {
2284 	return (isascii(x) && isalnum(x)) || strchr(extra, x);
2285 }
2286 
2287 private int
2288 parse_extra(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line,
2289     off_t off, size_t len, const char *name, const char *extra, int nt)
2290 {
2291 	size_t i;
2292 	const char *l = line;
2293 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[me->cont_count == 0 ? 0 : me->cont_count - 1];
2294 	char *buf = CAST(char *, CAST(void *, m)) + off;
2295 
2296 	if (buf[0] != '\0') {
2297 		len = nt ? strlen(buf) : len;
2298 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry already has a %s type "
2299 		    "`%.*s', new type `%s'", name, CAST(int, len), buf, l);
2300 		return -1;
2301 	}
2302 
2303 	if (*m->desc == '\0') {
2304 		file_magwarn(ms, "Current entry does not yet have a "
2305 		    "description for adding a %s type", name);
2306 		return -1;
2307 	}
2308 
2309 	EATAB;
2310 	for (i = 0; *l && i < len && goodchar(*l, extra); buf[i++] = *l++)
2311 		continue;
2312 
2313 	if (i == len && *l) {
2314 		if (nt)
2315 			buf[len - 1] = '\0';
2316 		if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2317 			file_magwarn(ms, "%s type `%s' truncated %"
2318 			    SIZE_T_FORMAT "u", name, line, i);
2319 	} else {
2320 		if (!isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *l)) && !goodchar(*l, extra))
2321 			file_magwarn(ms, "%s type `%s' has bad char '%c'",
2322 			    name, line, *l);
2323 		if (nt)
2324 			buf[i] = '\0';
2325 	}
2326 
2327 	if (i > 0)
2328 		return 0;
2329 
2330 	file_magerror(ms, "Bad magic entry '%s'", line);
2331 	return -1;
2332 }
2333 
2334 /*
2335  * Parse an Apple CREATOR/TYPE annotation from magic file and put it into
2336  * magic[index - 1]
2337  */
2338 private int
2339 parse_apple(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2340 {
2341 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2342 
2343 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2344 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, apple)),
2345 	    sizeof(m->apple), "APPLE", "!+-./?", 0);
2346 }
2347 
2348 /*
2349  * Parse a comma-separated list of extensions
2350  */
2351 private int
2352 parse_ext(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2353 {
2354 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2355 
2356 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2357 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, ext)),
2358 	    sizeof(m->ext), "EXTENSION", ",!+-/@?_$", 0);
2359 }
2360 
2361 /*
2362  * parse a MIME annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
2363  * if valid
2364  */
2365 private int
2366 parse_mime(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_entry *me, const char *line)
2367 {
2368 	struct magic *m = &me->mp[0];
2369 
2370 	return parse_extra(ms, me, line,
2371 	    CAST(off_t, offsetof(struct magic, mimetype)),
2372 	    sizeof(m->mimetype), "MIME", "+-/.$?:{}", 1);
2373 }
2374 
2375 private int
2376 check_format_type(const char *ptr, int type, const char **estr)
2377 {
2378 	int quad = 0, h;
2379 	size_t len, cnt;
2380 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
2381 		/* Missing format string; bad */
2382 		*estr = "missing format spec";
2383 		return -1;
2384 	}
2385 
2386 	switch (file_formats[type]) {
2387 	case FILE_FMT_QUAD:
2388 		quad = 1;
2389 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2390 	case FILE_FMT_NUM:
2391 		if (quad == 0) {
2392 			switch (type) {
2393 			case FILE_BYTE:
2394 				h = 2;
2395 				break;
2396 			case FILE_SHORT:
2397 			case FILE_BESHORT:
2398 			case FILE_LESHORT:
2399 				h = 1;
2400 				break;
2401 			case FILE_LONG:
2402 			case FILE_BELONG:
2403 			case FILE_LELONG:
2404 			case FILE_MELONG:
2405 			case FILE_LEID3:
2406 			case FILE_BEID3:
2407 			case FILE_INDIRECT:
2408 				h = 0;
2409 				break;
2410 			default:
2411 				abort();
2412 			}
2413 		} else
2414 			h = 0;
2415 		if (*ptr == '-')
2416 			ptr++;
2417 		if (*ptr == '.')
2418 			ptr++;
2419 		if (*ptr == '#')
2420 			ptr++;
2421 #define CHECKLEN() do { \
2422 	for (len = cnt = 0; isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, *ptr)); ptr++, cnt++) \
2423 		len = len * 10 + (*ptr - '0'); \
2424 	if (cnt > 5 || len > 1024) \
2425 		goto toolong; \
2426 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
2427 
2428 		CHECKLEN();
2429 		if (*ptr == '.')
2430 			ptr++;
2431 		CHECKLEN();
2432 		if (quad) {
2433 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
2434 				goto invalid;
2435 			if (*ptr++ != 'l')
2436 				goto invalid;
2437 		}
2438 
2439 		switch (*ptr++) {
2440 #ifdef STRICT_FORMAT 	/* "long" formats are int formats for us */
2441 		/* so don't accept the 'l' modifier */
2442 		case 'l':
2443 			switch (*ptr++) {
2444 			case 'i':
2445 			case 'd':
2446 			case 'u':
2447 			case 'o':
2448 			case 'x':
2449 			case 'X':
2450 				if (h == 0)
2451 					return 0;
2452 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2453 			default:
2454 				goto invalid;
2455 			}
2456 
2457 		/*
2458 		 * Don't accept h and hh modifiers. They make writing
2459 		 * magic entries more complicated, for very little benefit
2460 		 */
2461 		case 'h':
2462 			if (h-- <= 0)
2463 				goto invalid;
2464 			switch (*ptr++) {
2465 			case 'h':
2466 				if (h-- <= 0)
2467 					goto invalid;
2468 				switch (*ptr++) {
2469 				case 'i':
2470 				case 'd':
2471 				case 'u':
2472 				case 'o':
2473 				case 'x':
2474 				case 'X':
2475 					return 0;
2476 				default:
2477 					goto invalid;
2478 				}
2479 			case 'i':
2480 			case 'd':
2481 			case 'u':
2482 			case 'o':
2483 			case 'x':
2484 			case 'X':
2485 				if (h == 0)
2486 					return 0;
2487 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2488 			default:
2489 				goto invalid;
2490 			}
2491 #endif
2492 		case 'c':
2493 			if (h == 2)
2494 				return 0;
2495 			goto invalid;
2496 		case 'i':
2497 		case 'd':
2498 		case 'u':
2499 		case 'o':
2500 		case 'x':
2501 		case 'X':
2502 #ifdef STRICT_FORMAT
2503 			if (h == 0)
2504 				return 0;
2505 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2506 #else
2507 			return 0;
2508 #endif
2509 		default:
2510 			goto invalid;
2511 		}
2512 
2513 	case FILE_FMT_FLOAT:
2514 	case FILE_FMT_DOUBLE:
2515 		if (*ptr == '-')
2516 			ptr++;
2517 		if (*ptr == '.')
2518 			ptr++;
2519 		CHECKLEN();
2520 		if (*ptr == '.')
2521 			ptr++;
2522 		CHECKLEN();
2523 		switch (*ptr++) {
2524 		case 'e':
2525 		case 'E':
2526 		case 'f':
2527 		case 'F':
2528 		case 'g':
2529 		case 'G':
2530 			return 0;
2531 
2532 		default:
2533 			goto invalid;
2534 		}
2535 
2536 
2537 	case FILE_FMT_STR:
2538 		if (*ptr == '-')
2539 			ptr++;
2540 		while (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, *ptr)))
2541 			ptr++;
2542 		if (*ptr == '.') {
2543 			ptr++;
2544 			while (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char , *ptr)))
2545 				ptr++;
2546 		}
2547 
2548 		switch (*ptr++) {
2549 		case 's':
2550 			return 0;
2551 		default:
2552 			goto invalid;
2553 		}
2554 
2555 	default:
2556 		/* internal error */
2557 		abort();
2558 	}
2559 invalid:
2560 	*estr = "not valid";
2561 toolong:
2562 	*estr = "too long";
2563 	return -1;
2564 }
2565 
2566 /*
2567  * Check that the optional printf format in description matches
2568  * the type of the magic.
2569  */
2570 private int
2571 check_format(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m)
2572 {
2573 	char *ptr;
2574 	const char *estr;
2575 
2576 	for (ptr = m->desc; *ptr; ptr++)
2577 		if (*ptr == '%')
2578 			break;
2579 	if (*ptr == '\0') {
2580 		/* No format string; ok */
2581 		return 1;
2582 	}
2583 
2584 	assert(file_nformats == file_nnames);
2585 
2586 	if (m->type >= file_nformats) {
2587 		file_magwarn(ms, "Internal error inconsistency between "
2588 		    "m->type and format strings");
2589 		return -1;
2590 	}
2591 	if (file_formats[m->type] == FILE_FMT_NONE) {
2592 		file_magwarn(ms, "No format string for `%s' with description "
2593 		    "`%s'", m->desc, file_names[m->type]);
2594 		return -1;
2595 	}
2596 
2597 	ptr++;
2598 	if (check_format_type(ptr, m->type, &estr) == -1) {
2599 		/*
2600 		 * TODO: this error message is unhelpful if the format
2601 		 * string is not one character long
2602 		 */
2603 		file_magwarn(ms, "Printf format is %s for type "
2604 		    "`%s' in description `%s'", estr,
2605 		    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2606 		return -1;
2607 	}
2608 
2609 	for (; *ptr; ptr++) {
2610 		if (*ptr == '%') {
2611 			file_magwarn(ms,
2612 			    "Too many format strings (should have at most one) "
2613 			    "for `%s' with description `%s'",
2614 			    file_names[m->type], m->desc);
2615 			return -1;
2616 		}
2617 	}
2618 	return 0;
2619 }
2620 
2621 /*
2622  * Read a numeric value from a pointer, into the value union of a magic
2623  * pointer, according to the magic type.  Update the string pointer to point
2624  * just after the number read.  Return 0 for success, non-zero for failure.
2625  */
2626 private int
2627 getvalue(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char **p, int action)
2628 {
2629 	char *ep;
2630 	uint64_t ull;
2631 
2632 	switch (m->type) {
2633 	case FILE_BESTRING16:
2634 	case FILE_LESTRING16:
2635 	case FILE_STRING:
2636 	case FILE_PSTRING:
2637 	case FILE_REGEX:
2638 	case FILE_SEARCH:
2639 	case FILE_NAME:
2640 	case FILE_USE:
2641 	case FILE_DER:
2642 		*p = getstr(ms, m, *p, action == FILE_COMPILE);
2643 		if (*p == NULL) {
2644 			if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2645 				file_magwarn(ms, "cannot get string from `%s'",
2646 				    m->value.s);
2647 			return -1;
2648 		}
2649 		if (m->type == FILE_REGEX) {
2650 			file_regex_t rx;
2651 			int rc = file_regcomp(&rx, m->value.s, REG_EXTENDED);
2652 			if (rc) {
2653 				if (ms->flags & MAGIC_CHECK)
2654 					file_regerror(&rx, rc, ms);
2655 			}
2656 			file_regfree(&rx);
2657 			return rc ? -1 : 0;
2658 		}
2659 		return 0;
2660 	default:
2661 		if (m->reln == 'x')
2662 			return 0;
2663 		break;
2664 	}
2665 
2666 	switch (m->type) {
2667 	case FILE_FLOAT:
2668 	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
2669 	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
2670 		errno = 0;
2671 #ifdef HAVE_STRTOF
2672 		m->value.f = strtof(*p, &ep);
2673 #else
2674 		m->value.f = (float)strtod(*p, &ep);
2675 #endif
2676 		if (errno == 0)
2677 			*p = ep;
2678 		return 0;
2679 	case FILE_DOUBLE:
2680 	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
2681 	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
2682 		errno = 0;
2683 		m->value.d = strtod(*p, &ep);
2684 		if (errno == 0)
2685 			*p = ep;
2686 		return 0;
2687 	default:
2688 		errno = 0;
2689 		ull = CAST(uint64_t, strtoull(*p, &ep, 0));
2690 		m->value.q = file_signextend(ms, m, ull);
2691 		if (*p == ep) {
2692 			file_magwarn(ms, "Unparseable number `%s'", *p);
2693 		} else {
2694 			size_t ts = typesize(m->type);
2695 			uint64_t x;
2696 			const char *q;
2697 
2698 			if (ts == CAST(size_t, ~0)) {
2699 				file_magwarn(ms,
2700 				    "Expected numeric type got `%s'",
2701 				    type_tbl[m->type].name);
2702 			}
2703 			for (q = *p; isspace(CAST(unsigned char, *q)); q++)
2704 				continue;
2705 			if (*q == '-')
2706 				ull = -CAST(int64_t, ull);
2707 			switch (ts) {
2708 			case 1:
2709 				x = CAST(uint64_t, ull & ~0xffULL);
2710 				break;
2711 			case 2:
2712 				x = CAST(uint64_t, ull & ~0xffffULL);
2713 				break;
2714 			case 4:
2715 				x = CAST(uint64_t, ull & ~0xffffffffULL);
2716 				break;
2717 			case 8:
2718 				x = 0;
2719 				break;
2720 			default:
2721 				abort();
2722 			}
2723 			if (x) {
2724 				file_magwarn(ms, "Overflow for numeric"
2725 				    " type `%s' value %#" PRIx64,
2726 				    type_tbl[m->type].name, ull);
2727 			}
2728 		}
2729 		if (errno == 0) {
2730 			*p = ep;
2731 			eatsize(p);
2732 		}
2733 		return 0;
2734 	}
2735 }
2736 
2737 /*
2738  * Convert a string containing C character escapes.  Stop at an unescaped
2739  * space or tab.
2740  * Copy the converted version to "m->value.s", and the length in m->vallen.
2741  * Return updated scan pointer as function result. Warn if set.
2742  */
2743 private const char *
2744 getstr(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *m, const char *s, int warn)
2745 {
2746 	const char *origs = s;
2747 	char	*p = m->value.s;
2748 	size_t  plen = sizeof(m->value.s);
2749 	char 	*origp = p;
2750 	char	*pmax = p + plen - 1;
2751 	int	c;
2752 	int	val;
2753 
2754 	while ((c = *s++) != '\0') {
2755 		if (isspace(CAST(unsigned char, c)))
2756 			break;
2757 		if (p >= pmax) {
2758 			file_error(ms, 0, "string too long: `%s'", origs);
2759 			return NULL;
2760 		}
2761 		if (c == '\\') {
2762 			switch(c = *s++) {
2763 
2764 			case '\0':
2765 				if (warn)
2766 					file_magwarn(ms, "incomplete escape");
2767 				s--;
2768 				goto out;
2769 
2770 			case '\t':
2771 				if (warn) {
2772 					file_magwarn(ms,
2773 					    "escaped tab found, use \\t instead");
2774 					warn = 0;	/* already did */
2775 				}
2776 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2777 			default:
2778 				if (warn) {
2779 					if (isprint(CAST(unsigned char, c))) {
2780 						/* Allow escaping of
2781 						 * ``relations'' */
2782 						if (strchr("<>&^=!", c) == NULL
2783 						    && (m->type != FILE_REGEX ||
2784 						    strchr("[]().*?^$|{}", c)
2785 						    == NULL)) {
2786 							file_magwarn(ms, "no "
2787 							    "need to escape "
2788 							    "`%c'", c);
2789 						}
2790 					} else {
2791 						file_magwarn(ms,
2792 						    "unknown escape sequence: "
2793 						    "\\%03o", c);
2794 					}
2795 				}
2796 				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2797 			/* space, perhaps force people to use \040? */
2798 			case ' ':
2799 #if 0
2800 			/*
2801 			 * Other things people escape, but shouldn't need to,
2802 			 * so we disallow them
2803 			 */
2804 			case '\'':
2805 			case '"':
2806 			case '?':
2807 #endif
2808 			/* Relations */
2809 			case '>':
2810 			case '<':
2811 			case '&':
2812 			case '^':
2813 			case '=':
2814 			case '!':
2815 			/* and baskslash itself */
2816 			case '\\':
2817 				*p++ = CAST(char, c);
2818 				break;
2819 
2820 			case 'a':
2821 				*p++ = '\a';
2822 				break;
2823 
2824 			case 'b':
2825 				*p++ = '\b';
2826 				break;
2827 
2828 			case 'f':
2829 				*p++ = '\f';
2830 				break;
2831 
2832 			case 'n':
2833 				*p++ = '\n';
2834 				break;
2835 
2836 			case 'r':
2837 				*p++ = '\r';
2838 				break;
2839 
2840 			case 't':
2841 				*p++ = '\t';
2842 				break;
2843 
2844 			case 'v':
2845 				*p++ = '\v';
2846 				break;
2847 
2848 			/* \ and up to 3 octal digits */
2849 			case '0':
2850 			case '1':
2851 			case '2':
2852 			case '3':
2853 			case '4':
2854 			case '5':
2855 			case '6':
2856 			case '7':
2857 				val = c - '0';
2858 				c = *s++;  /* try for 2 */
2859 				if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
2860 					val = (val << 3) | (c - '0');
2861 					c = *s++;  /* try for 3 */
2862 					if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
2863 						val = (val << 3) | (c-'0');
2864 					else
2865 						--s;
2866 				}
2867 				else
2868 					--s;
2869 				*p++ = CAST(char, val);
2870 				break;
2871 
2872 			/* \x and up to 2 hex digits */
2873 			case 'x':
2874 				val = 'x';	/* Default if no digits */
2875 				c = hextoint(*s++);	/* Get next char */
2876 				if (c >= 0) {
2877 					val = c;
2878 					c = hextoint(*s++);
2879 					if (c >= 0)
2880 						val = (val << 4) + c;
2881 					else
2882 						--s;
2883 				} else
2884 					--s;
2885 				*p++ = CAST(char, val);
2886 				break;
2887 			}
2888 		} else
2889 			*p++ = CAST(char, c);
2890 	}
2891 	--s;
2892 out:
2893 	*p = '\0';
2894 	m->vallen = CAST(unsigned char, (p - origp));
2895 	if (m->type == FILE_PSTRING)
2896 		m->vallen += CAST(unsigned char, file_pstring_length_size(m));
2897 	return s;
2898 }
2899 
2900 
2901 /* Single hex char to int; -1 if not a hex char. */
2902 private int
2903 hextoint(int c)
2904 {
2905 	if (!isascii(CAST(unsigned char, c)))
2906 		return -1;
2907 	if (isdigit(CAST(unsigned char, c)))
2908 		return c - '0';
2909 	if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f'))
2910 		return c + 10 - 'a';
2911 	if (( c>= 'A') && (c <= 'F'))
2912 		return c + 10 - 'A';
2913 	return -1;
2914 }
2915 
2916 
2917 /*
2918  * Print a string containing C character escapes.
2919  */
2920 protected void
2921 file_showstr(FILE *fp, const char *s, size_t len)
2922 {
2923 	char	c;
2924 
2925 	for (;;) {
2926 		if (len == ~0U) {
2927 			c = *s++;
2928 			if (c == '\0')
2929 				break;
2930 		}
2931 		else  {
2932 			if (len-- == 0)
2933 				break;
2934 			c = *s++;
2935 		}
2936 		if (c >= 040 && c <= 0176)	/* TODO isprint && !iscntrl */
2937 			(void) fputc(c, fp);
2938 		else {
2939 			(void) fputc('\\', fp);
2940 			switch (c) {
2941 			case '\a':
2942 				(void) fputc('a', fp);
2943 				break;
2944 
2945 			case '\b':
2946 				(void) fputc('b', fp);
2947 				break;
2948 
2949 			case '\f':
2950 				(void) fputc('f', fp);
2951 				break;
2952 
2953 			case '\n':
2954 				(void) fputc('n', fp);
2955 				break;
2956 
2957 			case '\r':
2958 				(void) fputc('r', fp);
2959 				break;
2960 
2961 			case '\t':
2962 				(void) fputc('t', fp);
2963 				break;
2964 
2965 			case '\v':
2966 				(void) fputc('v', fp);
2967 				break;
2968 
2969 			default:
2970 				(void) fprintf(fp, "%.3o", c & 0377);
2971 				break;
2972 			}
2973 		}
2974 	}
2975 }
2976 
2977 /*
2978  * eatsize(): Eat the size spec from a number [eg. 10UL]
2979  */
2980 private void
2981 eatsize(const char **p)
2982 {
2983 	const char *l = *p;
2984 
2985 	if (LOWCASE(*l) == 'u')
2986 		l++;
2987 
2988 	switch (LOWCASE(*l)) {
2989 	case 'l':    /* long */
2990 	case 's':    /* short */
2991 	case 'h':    /* short */
2992 	case 'b':    /* char/byte */
2993 	case 'c':    /* char/byte */
2994 		l++;
2995 		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
2996 	default:
2997 		break;
2998 	}
2999 
3000 	*p = l;
3001 }
3002 
3003 /*
3004  * handle a buffer containing a compiled file.
3005  */
3006 private struct magic_map *
3007 apprentice_buf(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic *buf, size_t len)
3008 {
3009 	struct magic_map *map;
3010 
3011 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL) {
3012 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
3013 		return NULL;
3014 	}
3015 	map->len = len;
3016 	map->p = buf;
3017 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_USER;
3018 	if (check_buffer(ms, map, "buffer") != 0) {
3019 		apprentice_unmap(map);
3020 		return NULL;
3021 	}
3022 	return map;
3023 }
3024 
3025 /*
3026  * handle a compiled file.
3027  */
3028 
3029 private struct magic_map *
3030 apprentice_map(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn)
3031 {
3032 	int fd;
3033 	struct stat st;
3034 	char *dbname = NULL;
3035 	struct magic_map *map;
3036 	struct magic_map *rv = NULL;
3037 
3038 	fd = -1;
3039 	if ((map = CAST(struct magic_map *, calloc(1, sizeof(*map)))) == NULL) {
3040 		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*map));
3041 		goto error;
3042 	}
3043 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_USER;	/* unspecified */
3044 
3045 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 0);
3046 	if (dbname == NULL)
3047 		goto error;
3048 
3049 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY)) == -1)
3050 		goto error;
3051 
3052 	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
3053 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot stat `%s'", dbname);
3054 		goto error;
3055 	}
3056 	if (st.st_size < 8 || st.st_size > maxoff_t()) {
3057 		file_error(ms, 0, "file `%s' is too %s", dbname,
3058 		    st.st_size < 8 ? "small" : "large");
3059 		goto error;
3060 	}
3061 
3062 	map->len = CAST(size_t, st.st_size);
3063 #ifdef QUICK
3064 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_MMAP;
3065 	if ((map->p = mmap(0, CAST(size_t, st.st_size), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
3066 	    MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FILE, fd, CAST(off_t, 0))) == MAP_FAILED) {
3067 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot map `%s'", dbname);
3068 		goto error;
3069 	}
3070 #else
3071 	map->type = MAP_TYPE_MALLOC;
3072 	if ((map->p = CAST(void *, malloc(map->len))) == NULL) {
3073 		file_oomem(ms, map->len);
3074 		goto error;
3075 	}
3076 	if (read(fd, map->p, map->len) != (ssize_t)map->len) {
3077 		file_badread(ms);
3078 		goto error;
3079 	}
3080 #define RET	1
3081 #endif
3082 	(void)close(fd);
3083 	fd = -1;
3084 
3085 	if (check_buffer(ms, map, dbname) != 0) {
3086 		rv = RCAST(struct magic_map *, -1);
3087 		goto error;
3088 	}
3089 #ifdef QUICK
3090 	if (mprotect(map->p, CAST(size_t, st.st_size), PROT_READ) == -1) {
3091 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot mprotect `%s'", dbname);
3092 		goto error;
3093 	}
3094 #endif
3095 
3096 	free(dbname);
3097 	return map;
3098 
3099 error:
3100 	if (fd != -1)
3101 		(void)close(fd);
3102 	apprentice_unmap(map);
3103 	free(dbname);
3104 	return rv;
3105 }
3106 
3107 private int
3108 check_buffer(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_map *map, const char *dbname)
3109 {
3110 	uint32_t *ptr;
3111 	uint32_t entries, nentries;
3112 	uint32_t version;
3113 	int i, needsbyteswap;
3114 
3115 	ptr = CAST(uint32_t *, map->p);
3116 	if (*ptr != MAGICNO) {
3117 		if (swap4(*ptr) != MAGICNO) {
3118 			file_error(ms, 0, "bad magic in `%s'", dbname);
3119 			return -1;
3120 		}
3121 		needsbyteswap = 1;
3122 	} else
3123 		needsbyteswap = 0;
3124 	if (needsbyteswap)
3125 		version = swap4(ptr[1]);
3126 	else
3127 		version = ptr[1];
3128 	if (version != VERSIONNO) {
3129 		file_error(ms, 0, "File %s supports only version %d magic "
3130 		    "files. `%s' is version %d", VERSION,
3131 		    VERSIONNO, dbname, version);
3132 		return -1;
3133 	}
3134 	entries = CAST(uint32_t, map->len / sizeof(struct magic));
3135 	if ((entries * sizeof(struct magic)) != map->len) {
3136 		file_error(ms, 0, "Size of `%s' %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u is not "
3137 		    "a multiple of %" SIZE_T_FORMAT "u",
3138 		    dbname, map->len, sizeof(struct magic));
3139 		return -1;
3140 	}
3141 	map->magic[0] = CAST(struct magic *, map->p) + 1;
3142 	nentries = 0;
3143 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
3144 		if (needsbyteswap)
3145 			map->nmagic[i] = swap4(ptr[i + 2]);
3146 		else
3147 			map->nmagic[i] = ptr[i + 2];
3148 		if (i != MAGIC_SETS - 1)
3149 			map->magic[i + 1] = map->magic[i] + map->nmagic[i];
3150 		nentries += map->nmagic[i];
3151 	}
3152 	if (entries != nentries + 1) {
3153 		file_error(ms, 0, "Inconsistent entries in `%s' %u != %u",
3154 		    dbname, entries, nentries + 1);
3155 		return -1;
3156 	}
3157 	if (needsbyteswap)
3158 		for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++)
3159 			byteswap(map->magic[i], map->nmagic[i]);
3160 	return 0;
3161 }
3162 
3163 /*
3164  * handle an mmaped file.
3165  */
3166 private int
3167 apprentice_compile(struct magic_set *ms, struct magic_map *map, const char *fn)
3168 {
3169 	static const size_t nm = sizeof(*map->nmagic) * MAGIC_SETS;
3170 	static const size_t m = sizeof(**map->magic);
3171 	int fd = -1;
3172 	size_t len;
3173 	char *dbname;
3174 	int rv = -1;
3175 	uint32_t i;
3176 	union {
3177 		struct magic m;
3178 		uint32_t h[2 + MAGIC_SETS];
3179 	} hdr;
3180 
3181 	dbname = mkdbname(ms, fn, 1);
3182 
3183 	if (dbname == NULL)
3184 		goto out;
3185 
3186 	if ((fd = open(dbname, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0644)) == -1)
3187 	{
3188 		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot open `%s'", dbname);
3189 		goto out;
3190 	}
3191 	memset(&hdr, 0, sizeof(hdr));
3192 	hdr.h[0] = MAGICNO;
3193 	hdr.h[1] = VERSIONNO;
3194 	memcpy(hdr.h + 2, map->nmagic, nm);
3195 
3196 	if (write(fd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) != CAST(ssize_t, sizeof(hdr))) {
3197 		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
3198 		goto out2;
3199 	}
3200 
3201 	for (i = 0; i < MAGIC_SETS; i++) {
3202 		len = m * map->nmagic[i];
3203 		if (write(fd, map->magic[i], len) != CAST(ssize_t, len)) {
3204 			file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
3205 			goto out2;
3206 		}
3207 	}
3208 
3209 	rv = 0;
3210 out2:
3211 	if (fd != -1)
3212 		(void)close(fd);
3213 out:
3214 	apprentice_unmap(map);
3215 	free(dbname);
3216 	return rv;
3217 }
3218 
3219 private const char ext[] = ".mgc";
3220 /*
3221  * make a dbname
3222  */
3223 private char *
3224 mkdbname(struct magic_set *ms, const char *fn, int strip)
3225 {
3226 	const char *p, *q;
3227 	char *buf;
3228 
3229 	if (strip) {
3230 		if ((p = strrchr(fn, '/')) != NULL)
3231 			fn = ++p;
3232 	}
3233 
3234 	for (q = fn; *q; q++)
3235 		continue;
3236 	/* Look for .mgc */
3237 	for (p = ext + sizeof(ext) - 1; p >= ext && q >= fn; p--, q--)
3238 		if (*p != *q)
3239 			break;
3240 
3241 	/* Did not find .mgc, restore q */
3242 	if (p >= ext)
3243 		while (*q)
3244 			q++;
3245 
3246 	q++;
3247 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
3248 	if (ms->flags & MAGIC_MIME) {
3249 		if (asprintf(&buf, "%.*s.mime%s", CAST(int, q - fn), fn, ext)
3250 		    < 0)
3251 			return NULL;
3252 		if (access(buf, R_OK) != -1) {
3253 			ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
3254 			return buf;
3255 		}
3256 		free(buf);
3257 	}
3258 	if (asprintf(&buf, "%.*s%s", CAST(int, q - fn), fn, ext) < 0)
3259 		return NULL;
3260 
3261 	/* Compatibility with old code that looked in .mime */
3262 	if (strstr(fn, ".mime") != NULL)
3263 		ms->flags &= MAGIC_MIME_TYPE;
3264 	return buf;
3265 }
3266 
3267 /*
3268  * Byteswap an mmap'ed file if needed
3269  */
3270 private void
3271 byteswap(struct magic *magic, uint32_t nmagic)
3272 {
3273 	uint32_t i;
3274 	for (i = 0; i < nmagic; i++)
3275 		bs1(&magic[i]);
3276 }
3277 
3278 /*
3279  * swap a short
3280  */
3281 private uint16_t
3282 swap2(uint16_t sv)
3283 {
3284 	uint16_t rv;
3285 	uint8_t *s = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &sv));
3286 	uint8_t *d = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &rv));
3287 	d[0] = s[1];
3288 	d[1] = s[0];
3289 	return rv;
3290 }
3291 
3292 /*
3293  * swap an int
3294  */
3295 private uint32_t
3296 swap4(uint32_t sv)
3297 {
3298 	uint32_t rv;
3299 	uint8_t *s = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &sv));
3300 	uint8_t *d = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &rv));
3301 	d[0] = s[3];
3302 	d[1] = s[2];
3303 	d[2] = s[1];
3304 	d[3] = s[0];
3305 	return rv;
3306 }
3307 
3308 /*
3309  * swap a quad
3310  */
3311 private uint64_t
3312 swap8(uint64_t sv)
3313 {
3314 	uint64_t rv;
3315 	uint8_t *s = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &sv));
3316 	uint8_t *d = RCAST(uint8_t *, RCAST(void *, &rv));
3317 #if 0
3318 	d[0] = s[3];
3319 	d[1] = s[2];
3320 	d[2] = s[1];
3321 	d[3] = s[0];
3322 	d[4] = s[7];
3323 	d[5] = s[6];
3324 	d[6] = s[5];
3325 	d[7] = s[4];
3326 #else
3327 	d[0] = s[7];
3328 	d[1] = s[6];
3329 	d[2] = s[5];
3330 	d[3] = s[4];
3331 	d[4] = s[3];
3332 	d[5] = s[2];
3333 	d[6] = s[1];
3334 	d[7] = s[0];
3335 #endif
3336 	return rv;
3337 }
3338 
3339 /*
3340  * byteswap a single magic entry
3341  */
3342 private void
3343 bs1(struct magic *m)
3344 {
3345 	m->cont_level = swap2(m->cont_level);
3346 	m->offset = swap4(CAST(uint32_t, m->offset));
3347 	m->in_offset = swap4(CAST(uint32_t, m->in_offset));
3348 	m->lineno = swap4(CAST(uint32_t, m->lineno));
3349 	if (IS_STRING(m->type)) {
3350 		m->str_range = swap4(m->str_range);
3351 		m->str_flags = swap4(m->str_flags);
3352 	}
3353 	else {
3354 		m->value.q = swap8(m->value.q);
3355 		m->num_mask = swap8(m->num_mask);
3356 	}
3357 }
3358 
3359 protected size_t
3360 file_pstring_length_size(const struct magic *m)
3361 {
3362 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
3363 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
3364 		return 1;
3365 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
3366 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
3367 		return 2;
3368 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
3369 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
3370 		return 4;
3371 	default:
3372 		abort();	/* Impossible */
3373 		return 1;
3374 	}
3375 }
3376 protected size_t
3377 file_pstring_get_length(const struct magic *m, const char *ss)
3378 {
3379 	size_t len = 0;
3380 	const unsigned char *s = RCAST(const unsigned char *, ss);
3381 	unsigned int s3, s2, s1, s0;
3382 
3383 	switch (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LEN) {
3384 	case PSTRING_1_LE:
3385 		len = *s;
3386 		break;
3387 	case PSTRING_2_LE:
3388 		s0 = s[0];
3389 		s1 = s[1];
3390 		len = (s1 << 8) | s0;
3391 		break;
3392 	case PSTRING_2_BE:
3393 		s0 = s[0];
3394 		s1 = s[1];
3395 		len = (s0 << 8) | s1;
3396 		break;
3397 	case PSTRING_4_LE:
3398 		s0 = s[0];
3399 		s1 = s[1];
3400 		s2 = s[2];
3401 		s3 = s[3];
3402 		len = (s3 << 24) | (s2 << 16) | (s1 << 8) | s0;
3403 		break;
3404 	case PSTRING_4_BE:
3405 		s0 = s[0];
3406 		s1 = s[1];
3407 		s2 = s[2];
3408 		s3 = s[3];
3409 		len = (s0 << 24) | (s1 << 16) | (s2 << 8) | s3;
3410 		break;
3411 	default:
3412 		abort();	/* Impossible */
3413 	}
3414 
3415 	if (m->str_flags & PSTRING_LENGTH_INCLUDES_ITSELF)
3416 		len -= file_pstring_length_size(m);
3417 
3418 	return len;
3419 }
3420 
3421 protected int
3422 file_magicfind(struct magic_set *ms, const char *name, struct mlist *v)
3423 {
3424 	uint32_t i, j;
3425 	struct mlist *mlist, *ml;
3426 
3427 	mlist = ms->mlist[1];
3428 
3429 	for (ml = mlist->next; ml != mlist; ml = ml->next) {
3430 		struct magic *ma = ml->magic;
3431 		uint32_t nma = ml->nmagic;
3432 		for (i = 0; i < nma; i++) {
3433 			if (ma[i].type != FILE_NAME)
3434 				continue;
3435 			if (strcmp(ma[i].value.s, name) == 0) {
3436 				v->magic = &ma[i];
3437 				for (j = i + 1; j < nma; j++)
3438 				    if (ma[j].cont_level == 0)
3439 					    break;
3440 				v->nmagic = j - i;
3441 				return 0;
3442 			}
3443 		}
3444 	}
3445 	return -1;
3446 }
3447