xref: /freebsd/contrib/elftoolchain/libelf/libelf_ar.c (revision 43a5ec4eb41567cc92586503212743d89686d78f)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2006,2008,2010 Joseph Koshy
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS `AS IS' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <assert.h>
28 #include <ctype.h>
29 #include <libelf.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <string.h>
32 
33 #include "_libelf.h"
34 #include "_libelf_ar.h"
35 
36 ELFTC_VCSID("$Id: libelf_ar.c 3712 2019-03-16 22:23:34Z jkoshy $");
37 
38 #define	LIBELF_NALLOC_SIZE	16
39 
40 /*
41  * `ar' archive handling.
42  *
43  * `ar' archives start with signature `ARMAG'.  Each archive member is
44  * preceded by a header containing meta-data for the member.  This
45  * header is described in <ar.h> (struct ar_hdr).  The header always
46  * starts on an even address.  File data is padded with "\n"
47  * characters to keep this invariant.
48  *
49  * Special considerations for `ar' archives:
50  *
51  * There are two variants of the `ar' archive format: traditional BSD
52  * and SVR4.  These differ in the way long file names are treated, and
53  * in the layout of the archive symbol table.
54  *
55  * The `ar' header only has space for a 16 character file name.
56  *
57  * In the SVR4 format, file names are terminated with a '/', so this
58  * effectively leaves 15 characters for the actual file name.  Longer
59  * file names stored in a separate 'string table' and referenced
60  * indirectly from the name field.  The string table itself appears as
61  * an archive member with name "// ".  An `indirect' file name in an
62  * `ar' header matches the pattern "/[0-9]*". The digits form a
63  * decimal number that corresponds to a byte offset into the string
64  * table where the actual file name of the object starts.  Strings in
65  * the string table are padded to start on even addresses.
66  *
67  * In the BSD format, file names can be up to 16 characters.  File
68  * names shorter than 16 characters are padded to 16 characters using
69  * (ASCII) space characters.  File names with embedded spaces and file
70  * names longer than 16 characters are stored immediately after the
71  * archive header and the name field set to a special indirect name
72  * matching the pattern "#1/[0-9]+".  The digits form a decimal number
73  * that corresponds to the actual length of the file name following
74  * the archive header.  The content of the archive member immediately
75  * follows the file name, and the size field of the archive member
76  * holds the sum of the sizes of the member and of the appended file
77  * name.
78  *
79  * Archives may also have a symbol table (see ranlib(1)), mapping
80  * program symbols to object files inside the archive.
81  *
82  * In the SVR4 format, a symbol table uses a file name of "/ " in its
83  * archive header.  The symbol table is structured as:
84  *  - a 4-byte count of entries stored as a binary value, MSB first
85  *  - 'n' 4-byte offsets, stored as binary values, MSB first
86  *  - 'n' NUL-terminated strings, for ELF symbol names, stored unpadded.
87  *
88  * In the BSD format, the symbol table uses a file name of "__.SYMDEF".
89  * It is structured as two parts:
90  *  - The first part is an array of "ranlib" structures preceded by
91  *    the size of the array in bytes.  Each "ranlib" structure
92  *    describes one symbol.  Each structure contains an offset into
93  *    the string table for the symbol name, and a file offset into the
94  *    archive for the member defining the symbol.
95  *  - The second part is a string table containing NUL-terminated
96  *    strings, preceded by the size of the string table in bytes.
97  *
98  * If the symbol table and string table are is present in an archive
99  * they must be the very first objects and in that order.
100  */
101 
102 
103 /*
104  * Retrieve an archive header descriptor.
105  */
106 
107 Elf_Arhdr *
108 _libelf_ar_gethdr(Elf *e)
109 {
110 	Elf *parent;
111 	Elf_Arhdr *eh;
112 	char *namelen;
113 	size_t n, nlen;
114 	struct ar_hdr *arh;
115 
116 	if ((parent = e->e_parent) == NULL) {
117 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARGUMENT, 0);
118 		return (NULL);
119 	}
120 
121 	assert((e->e_flags & LIBELF_F_AR_HEADER) == 0);
122 
123 	arh = (struct ar_hdr *) (uintptr_t) e->e_hdr.e_rawhdr;
124 
125 	assert((uintptr_t) arh >= (uintptr_t) parent->e_rawfile + SARMAG);
126 
127 	/*
128 	 * There needs to be enough space remaining in the file for the
129 	 * archive header.
130 	 */
131 	if ((uintptr_t) arh > (uintptr_t) parent->e_rawfile +
132 	    (uintptr_t) parent->e_rawsize - sizeof(struct ar_hdr)) {
133 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
134 		return (NULL);
135 	}
136 
137 	if ((eh = malloc(sizeof(Elf_Arhdr))) == NULL) {
138 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(RESOURCE, 0);
139 		return (NULL);
140 	}
141 
142 	e->e_hdr.e_arhdr = eh;
143 	e->e_flags |= LIBELF_F_AR_HEADER;
144 
145 	eh->ar_name = eh->ar_rawname = NULL;
146 
147 	if ((eh->ar_name = _libelf_ar_get_translated_name(arh, parent)) ==
148 	    NULL)
149 		goto error;
150 
151 	if (_libelf_ar_get_number(arh->ar_uid, sizeof(arh->ar_uid), 10,
152 	    &n) == 0)
153 		goto error;
154 	eh->ar_uid = (uid_t) n;
155 
156 	if (_libelf_ar_get_number(arh->ar_gid, sizeof(arh->ar_gid), 10,
157 	    &n) == 0)
158 		goto error;
159 	eh->ar_gid = (gid_t) n;
160 
161 	if (_libelf_ar_get_number(arh->ar_mode, sizeof(arh->ar_mode), 8,
162 	    &n) == 0)
163 		goto error;
164 	eh->ar_mode = (mode_t) n;
165 
166 	if (_libelf_ar_get_number(arh->ar_size, sizeof(arh->ar_size), 10,
167 	    &n) == 0)
168 		goto error;
169 
170 	/*
171 	 * Get the true size of the member if extended naming is being used.
172 	 */
173 	if (IS_EXTENDED_BSD_NAME(arh->ar_name)) {
174 		namelen = arh->ar_name +
175 		    LIBELF_AR_BSD_EXTENDED_NAME_PREFIX_SIZE;
176 		if (_libelf_ar_get_number(namelen, sizeof(arh->ar_name) -
177 		    LIBELF_AR_BSD_EXTENDED_NAME_PREFIX_SIZE, 10, &nlen) == 0)
178 			goto error;
179 		n -= nlen;
180 	}
181 
182 	eh->ar_size = n;
183 
184 	if ((eh->ar_rawname = _libelf_ar_get_raw_name(arh)) == NULL)
185 		goto error;
186 
187 	eh->ar_flags = 0;
188 
189 	return (eh);
190 
191  error:
192 	if (eh) {
193 		if (eh->ar_name)
194 			free(eh->ar_name);
195 		if (eh->ar_rawname)
196 			free(eh->ar_rawname);
197 		free(eh);
198 	}
199 
200 	e->e_flags &= ~LIBELF_F_AR_HEADER;
201 	e->e_hdr.e_rawhdr = (unsigned char *) arh;
202 
203 	return (NULL);
204 }
205 
206 Elf *
207 _libelf_ar_open_member(int fd, Elf_Cmd c, Elf *elf)
208 {
209 	Elf *e;
210 	size_t nsz, sz;
211 	off_t next, end;
212 	struct ar_hdr *arh;
213 	char *member, *namelen;
214 
215 	assert(elf->e_kind == ELF_K_AR);
216 
217 	next = elf->e_u.e_ar.e_next;
218 
219 	/*
220 	 * `next' is only set to zero by elf_next() when the last
221 	 * member of an archive is processed.
222 	 */
223 	if (next == (off_t) 0)
224 		return (NULL);
225 
226 	assert((next & 1) == 0);
227 
228 	/*
229 	 * There needs to be enough space in the file to contain an
230 	 * ar(1) header.
231 	 */
232 	end = next + (off_t) sizeof(struct ar_hdr);
233 	if ((uintmax_t) end < (uintmax_t) next || /* Overflow. */
234 	    end > (off_t) elf->e_rawsize) {
235 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
236 		return (NULL);
237 	}
238 
239 	arh = (struct ar_hdr *) (elf->e_rawfile + next);
240 
241 	/*
242 	 * Retrieve the size of the member.
243 	 */
244 	if (_libelf_ar_get_number(arh->ar_size, sizeof(arh->ar_size), 10,
245 	    &sz) == 0) {
246 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
247 		return (NULL);
248 	}
249 
250 	/*
251 	 * Check if the archive member that follows will fit in the
252 	 * containing archive.
253 	 */
254 	end += (off_t) sz;
255 	if (end < next || /* Overflow. */
256 	    end > (off_t) elf->e_rawsize) {
257 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
258 		return (NULL);
259 	}
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * Adjust the size field for members in BSD archives using
263 	 * extended naming.
264 	 */
265 	if (IS_EXTENDED_BSD_NAME(arh->ar_name)) {
266 		namelen = arh->ar_name +
267 		    LIBELF_AR_BSD_EXTENDED_NAME_PREFIX_SIZE;
268 		if (_libelf_ar_get_number(namelen, sizeof(arh->ar_name) -
269 		    LIBELF_AR_BSD_EXTENDED_NAME_PREFIX_SIZE, 10, &nsz) == 0) {
270 			LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
271 			return (NULL);
272 		}
273 
274 		member = (char *) (arh + 1) + nsz;
275 		sz -= nsz;
276 	} else
277 		member = (char *) (arh + 1);
278 
279 
280 	if ((e = elf_memory(member, sz)) == NULL)
281 		return (NULL);
282 
283 	e->e_fd = fd;
284 	e->e_cmd = c;
285 	e->e_hdr.e_rawhdr = (unsigned char *) arh;
286 
287 	elf->e_u.e_ar.e_nchildren++;
288 	e->e_parent = elf;
289 
290 	return (e);
291 }
292 
293 /*
294  * A BSD-style ar(1) symbol table has the following layout:
295  *
296  * - A count of bytes used by the following array of 'ranlib'
297  *   structures, stored as a 'long'.
298  * - An array of 'ranlib' structures.  Each array element is
299  *   two 'long's in size.
300  * - A count of bytes used for the following symbol table.
301  * - The symbol table itself.
302  */
303 
304 /*
305  * A helper macro to read in a 'long' value from the archive.
306  *
307  * We use memcpy() since the source pointer may be misaligned with
308  * respect to the natural alignment for a C 'long'.
309  */
310 #define	GET_LONG(P, V)do {				\
311 		memcpy(&(V), (P), sizeof(long));	\
312 		(P) += sizeof(long);			\
313 	} while (0)
314 
315 Elf_Arsym *
316 _libelf_ar_process_bsd_symtab(Elf *e, size_t *count)
317 {
318 	Elf_Arsym *symtab, *sym;
319 	unsigned int n;
320 	size_t nentries;
321 	unsigned char *end, *p, *p0, *s, *s0;
322 	const size_t entrysize = 2 * sizeof(long);
323 	long arraysize, fileoffset, stroffset, strtabsize;
324 
325 	assert(e != NULL);
326 	assert(count != NULL);
327 	assert(e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtab == NULL);
328 
329 	symtab = NULL;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * The BSD symbol table always contains the count fields even
333 	 * if there are no entries in it.
334 	 */
335 	if (e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtabsz < 2 * sizeof(long))
336 		goto symtaberror;
337 
338 	p = p0 = (unsigned char *) e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtab;
339 	end = p0 + e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtabsz;
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Retrieve the size of the array of ranlib descriptors and
343 	 * check it for validity.
344 	 */
345 	GET_LONG(p, arraysize);
346 
347 	if (arraysize < 0 || p0 + arraysize >= end ||
348 	    ((size_t) arraysize % entrysize != 0))
349 		goto symtaberror;
350 
351 	/*
352 	 * Check the value of the string table size.
353 	 */
354 	s = p + arraysize;
355 	GET_LONG(s, strtabsize);
356 
357 	s0 = s;			/* Start of string table. */
358 	if (strtabsize < 0 || s0 + strtabsize > end)
359 		goto symtaberror;
360 
361 	nentries = (size_t) arraysize / entrysize;
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Allocate space for the returned Elf_Arsym array.
365 	 */
366 	if ((symtab = malloc(sizeof(Elf_Arsym) * (nentries + 1))) == NULL) {
367 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(RESOURCE, 0);
368 		return (NULL);
369 	}
370 
371 	/* Read in symbol table entries. */
372 	for (n = 0, sym = symtab; n < nentries; n++, sym++) {
373 		GET_LONG(p, stroffset);
374 		GET_LONG(p, fileoffset);
375 
376 		if (stroffset < 0 || fileoffset <  0 ||
377 		    (off_t) fileoffset >= e->e_rawsize)
378 			goto symtaberror;
379 
380 		s = s0 + stroffset;
381 
382 		if (s >= end)
383 			goto symtaberror;
384 
385 		sym->as_off = (off_t) fileoffset;
386 		sym->as_hash = elf_hash((char *) s);
387 		sym->as_name = (char *) s;
388 	}
389 
390 	/* Fill up the sentinel entry. */
391 	sym->as_name = NULL;
392 	sym->as_hash = ~0UL;
393 	sym->as_off = (off_t) 0;
394 
395 	/* Remember the processed symbol table. */
396 	e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtab = symtab;
397 
398 	*count = e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtabsz = nentries + 1;
399 
400 	return (symtab);
401 
402 symtaberror:
403 	if (symtab)
404 		free(symtab);
405 	LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
406 	return (NULL);
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * An SVR4-style ar(1) symbol table has the following layout:
411  *
412  * - The first 4 bytes are a binary count of the number of entries in the
413  *   symbol table, stored MSB-first.
414  * - Then there are 'n' 4-byte binary offsets, also stored MSB first.
415  * - Following this, there are 'n' null-terminated strings.
416  */
417 
418 #define	GET_WORD(P, V) do {			\
419 		(V) = 0;			\
420 		(V) = (P)[0]; (V) <<= 8;	\
421 		(V) += (P)[1]; (V) <<= 8;	\
422 		(V) += (P)[2]; (V) <<= 8;	\
423 		(V) += (P)[3];			\
424 	} while (0)
425 
426 #define	INTSZ	4
427 
428 
429 Elf_Arsym *
430 _libelf_ar_process_svr4_symtab(Elf *e, size_t *count)
431 {
432 	uint32_t off;
433 	size_t n, nentries;
434 	Elf_Arsym *symtab, *sym;
435 	unsigned char *p, *s, *end;
436 
437 	assert(e != NULL);
438 	assert(count != NULL);
439 	assert(e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtab == NULL);
440 
441 	symtab = NULL;
442 
443 	if (e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtabsz < INTSZ)
444 		goto symtaberror;
445 
446 	p = (unsigned char *) e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtab;
447 	end = p + e->e_u.e_ar.e_rawsymtabsz;
448 
449 	GET_WORD(p, nentries);
450 	p += INTSZ;
451 
452 	if (nentries == 0 || p + nentries * INTSZ >= end)
453 		goto symtaberror;
454 
455 	/* Allocate space for a nentries + a sentinel. */
456 	if ((symtab = malloc(sizeof(Elf_Arsym) * (nentries+1))) == NULL) {
457 		LIBELF_SET_ERROR(RESOURCE, 0);
458 		return (NULL);
459 	}
460 
461 	s = p + (nentries * INTSZ); /* start of the string table. */
462 
463 	for (n = nentries, sym = symtab; n > 0; n--) {
464 		if (s >= end)
465 			goto symtaberror;
466 
467 		GET_WORD(p, off);
468 		if (off >= e->e_rawsize)
469 			goto symtaberror;
470 
471 		sym->as_off = (off_t) off;
472 		sym->as_hash = elf_hash((char *) s);
473 		sym->as_name = (char *) s;
474 
475 		p += INTSZ;
476 		sym++;
477 
478 		for (; s < end && *s++ != '\0';) /* skip to next string */
479 			;
480 	}
481 
482 	/* Fill up the sentinel entry. */
483 	sym->as_name = NULL;
484 	sym->as_hash = ~0UL;
485 	sym->as_off = (off_t) 0;
486 
487 	*count = e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtabsz = nentries + 1;
488 	e->e_u.e_ar.e_symtab = symtab;
489 
490 	return (symtab);
491 
492 symtaberror:
493 	if (symtab)
494 		free(symtab);
495 	LIBELF_SET_ERROR(ARCHIVE, 0);
496 	return (NULL);
497 }
498